English Poems: Practice Questions for Class 9 & 10 - 3 Set 17 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does O Me! O Life! suggest about the significance of life's struggles? b) How does Books emphasize curiosity and learning? c) Why is caregiving important in Two Mothers Remembered? d) What is the significance of the boatmen hearing Mary’s call in The Sands of Dee? e) How does the poet view the nature of human companionship in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) Why does the poet call the woods "lovely" in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What does Solitude reveal about emotional isolation?   Set 18 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! say about human imperfection? b) How does Books capture the transformative power of reading? c) What does Two Mothers Remembered highlight about family bonds? d) How does The Sands of Dee use imagery to create mood? e) What plea does the poet make in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What do the woods symbolize in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude explore emotional isolation?   Set 19 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) Why does Whitman emphasize contributing a verse in O Me! O Life!? b) How does Books portray books as lifelong companions? c) How does the speaker view her second mother in Two Mothers Remembered? d) What is the significance of the grave by the sea in The Sands of Dee? e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man suggest about the passage of time? f) What role does the setting play in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude explore the theme of loneliness?   Set 20 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What role does self-reflection play in O Me! O Life!? b) How does Books present books as a gateway to imagination? c) What emotions does Two Mothers Remembered evoke? d) How does The Sands of Dee depict the forces of nature? e) What does the poet mean by calling time a "gipsy" in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening reflect duty and responsibility? g) What contrast does Solitude draw between joy and sorrow?   Set 21 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does "O Me! O Life!" suggest about contributing a verse to life? b) Why does "Books" portray books as lifelong companions? c) What does "Two Mothers Remembered" reveal about a mother’s guidance? d) How does "The Sands of Dee" depict nature’s power? e) What does the poet mean by "only a moment" in "Time, You Old Gipsy Man"? f) Why does "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" resonate with readers? g) What does "Solitude" imply about isolation and grief?   Set 22 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does O Me! O Life! address the value of each individual? b) What makes books “magic” in Books? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered explore maternal sacrifice? d) What does the sea symbolize in The Sands of Dee? e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man convey urgency? f) Why does the poet pause in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What lesson about human nature does Solitude teach?   Set 23 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What message does O Me! O Life! convey about self-expression? b) How does Books describe the relationship between a reader and a story? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered address the idea of role reversal? d) Why do the boatmen hear Mary’s call in The Sands of Dee? e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man reflect the poet's personal feelings? f) Why does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening resonate with readers? g) What lesson does Solitude convey about human nature?   Set 24 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does O Me! O Life! highlight about human imperfections? b) Why does the poem Books say books are magical? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered depict the impact of memories on the speaker? d) What does the repeated calling of cattle symbolize in The Sands of Dee? e) Why does the poet ask time to "stay just for a day" in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What does the phrase “promises to keep” signify in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude contrast feasting and fasting?   Set 25 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! suggest overcoming despair? b) Why does the poem Books call books a "magic box"? c) How does the poem Two Mothers Remembered explore the theme of caregiving? d) What does The Sands of Dee suggest about nature’s power? e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man imply about the fleeting nature of life? f) Why does the poet describe the woods as “lovely” in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude reflect the isolation of grief? Key Set 17 a) What does O Me! O Life!  suggest about the significance of life's struggles?   The poem suggests that the hard times in life are important. They are important because they are the dark background that helps us find our purpose. The poem talks about the "sordid crowds" and "empty" results of life. By talking about these bad things, the poem shows us that our own good actions have more value. Our "verse," or contribution, is special because it happens in a world that is hard and not perfect. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে জীবনের সংগ্রামগুলি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ কারণ সেগুলি প্রয়োজনীয় পটভূমি তৈরি করে যার বিপরীতে আমরা আমাদের উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে পাই । "নোংরা ভিড়" এবং "শূন্য" ফলাফল স্বীকার করে, কবিতাটি বোঝায় যে আমাদের অবদান, আমাদের "শ্লোক," তার মূল্য অর্জন করে কারণ এটি একটি কঠিন এবং অপূর্ণ বিশ্বে বিদ্যমান ।) b) How does Books  emphasize curiosity and learning? The poem "Books" puts a special focus on being curious and learning new things. It does this by calling books a "magic box" that asks us to come and explore. The idea that you can find "anything you want" inside a book makes a curious person want to open it. It makes you want to learn about the world, about the past, and about imagination. This helps a person feel a love for learning that can last their whole life. ("বই" বইকে একটি "জাদুর বাক্স" হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে যা অন্বেষণে আমন্ত্রণ জানায়, এর মাধ্যমে কৌতূহল এবং শেখার উপর জোর দেয় । ভিতরে "যা কিছু আপনি চান" খুঁজে পেতে পারেন এই ধারণাটি একটি কৌতূহলী মনকে সেগুলি খুলতে এবং বিশ্ব, ইতিহাস এবং কল্পনা সম্পর্কে শিখতে উৎসাহিত করে, যা জ্ঞানের জন্য এক আজীবন আকাঙ্ক্ষা জাগিয়ে তোলে ।) c) Why is caregiving important in Two Mothers Remembered ? Taking care of someone is very important in this poem. It is shown as the main thing that builds the deepest and longest-lasting love. The speaker's memories are not about big, fancy events. Her memories are about the small, simple acts of care that she got from her second mother every day. This shows that this kind of selfless love and attention is what truly builds a family bond that can never be broken. (কবিতায় যত্ন প্রদান গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কারণ এটি সবচেয়ে গভীর এবং স্থায়ী ভালোবাসার ভিত্তি হিসাবে উপস্থাপিত হয়েছে । বক্তার স্মৃতিগুলি কোনো বড় ঘটনার নয়, বরং তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের কাছ থেকে পাওয়া সহজ, ধারাবাহিক যত্নের কাজগুলির, যা দেখায় যে এই নিঃস্বার্থ লালনপালনই সত্যিকারের এক অটুট পারিবারিক বন্ধন তৈরি করে ।) d) What is the significance of the boatmen hearing Mary’s call in The Sands of Dee ?   It is very important that the boatmen hear Mary's call. This is because it changes her death from a private, sad story into a local ghost story and a warning that never goes away. Her call becomes a spooky echo from another world. It is always there to remind people in the town of how dangerous the sea is. This makes sure that her story, and the sadness of it, will last for a very long time. (এর তাৎপর্য হলো এটি মেরি'র মৃত্যুকে একটি ব্যক্তিগত (tragedy) থেকে একটি স্থানীয় কিংবদন্তি এবং একটি স্থায়ী, ভুতুড়ে সতর্কবার্তায় রূপান্তরিত করে । তার ডাক একটি অতিপ্রাকৃত প্রতিধ্বনি হয়ে ওঠে, যা সম্প্রদায়কে সমুদ্রের বিপদ সম্পর্কে চিরকাল স্মরণ করিয়ে দেয় এবং নিশ্চিত করে যে তার গল্প, এবং এর সাথে জড়িত দুঃখ, সময়ের সাথে সাথে টিকে থাকে ।) e) How does the poet view the nature of human companionship in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poem sees friendship between people as a beautiful thing, but also as something that is very sad because it does not last. Time, the "gipsy man," takes away the "sweet girls" and "brave boys". This suggests that our friendships and the people we love are like treasures that we can only have for a short time. We will always lose them as time keeps moving forward. (কবিতাটি মানব সঙ্গকে সুন্দর কিন্তু দুঃখজনকভাবে ক্ষণস্থায়ী হিসাবে দেখে । সময়, "জিপসি ম্যান," "মিষ্টি মেয়ে" এবং "সাহসী ছেলে"দের কেড়ে নিয়ে যায় । যা ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সম্পর্ক এবং আমরা যাদের ভালোবাসি তারা অস্থায়ী সম্পদ যা সময়ের নিরলস উত্তরণে অনিবার্যভাবে হারিয়ে যায় ।) f) Why does the poet call the woods "lovely" in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The poet calls the woods "lovely" because they are a perfect, calm, and beautiful place to escape from the hard parts of the world. The mix of deep darkness, the quiet falling snow, and the total silence creates a beautiful and peaceful feeling. The speaker finds this feeling to be very attractive and calming. (কবি জঙ্গলকে "lovely" (সুন্দর) বলেছেন কারণ সেগুলি বিশ্বের জটিলতা থেকে এক নিখুঁত, নির্মল এবং সুন্দর পলায়নকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে । গভীর অন্ধকার, শান্ত তুষারপাত এবং গভীর নীরবতার সংমিশ্রণ এক নান্দনিক এবং আবেগপূর্ণ আবেদন তৈরি করে যা তিনি গভীরভাবে আকর্ষণীয় এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ মনে করেন ।) g) What does Solitude  reveal about emotional isolation?   The poem "Solitude" reveals that being alone with your feelings is what normally happens when you are having a hard time. The poem argues that happiness brings people to you. But it also argues that sadness pushes people away from you. This leads to a situation where a person is left all alone with their feelings to deal with their pain. ("সলিটিউড" প্রকাশ করে যে মানসিক বিচ্ছিন্নতা কষ্টের সময়ে মানুষের স্বাভাবিক অভিজ্ঞতা । যখন আনন্দ সঙ্গ আকর্ষণ করে, কবিতাটি যুক্তি দেয় যে শোক ("কাঁদো," "শোক করো") সক্রিয়ভাবে তা বিকর্ষণ করে, যা এমন এক অবস্থায় নিয়ে যায় যেখানে একজন ব্যক্তি তার নিজের ব্যথা নিয়ে মানসিকভাবে বিচ্ছিন্ন হয়ে পড়ে ।) Set 18 a) How does O Me! O Life!  say about human imperfection?   The poem talks about how people are not perfect. It lists problems like the "endless trains of the faithless," and "cities filled with the foolish," and the speaker's own self-doubt. It shows these problems not as a reason to give up. Instead, it shows them as the real truth of the world. And in this world, we still must be brave enough to live and to add our own good part. (কবিতাটি "বিশ্বাসহীনের অন্তহীন সারি," "মূর্খে ভরা শহর," এবং বক্তার নিজের আত্ম-সন্দেহের তালিকা করে মানুষের অপূর্ণতা সম্পর্কে বলে । এটি এই অপূর্ণতাগুলিকে হতাশার কারণ হিসাবে নয়, বরং বিশ্বের মৌলিক বাস্তবতা হিসাবে উপস্থাপন করে যেখানে আমাদের এখনও অস্তিত্ব এবং অবদান রাখার সাহস খুঁজে পেতে হবে ।) b) How does Books  capture the transformative power of reading?   The poem "Books" shows the power of reading to change us. It does this by using the picture of a "magic box". This picture suggests that reading is not something you do passively. It is an active thing that can magically change a person's inside world. Reading can make your imagination bigger. It can grow your knowledge and help you understand more than real life alone can. ("বই" একটি "জাদুর বাক্স" এর রূপক ব্যবহার করে পড়ার রূপান্তরকারী শক্তিকে ধারণ করে । এটি বোঝায় যে পড়া কোনো নিষ্ক্রিয় কার্যকলাপ নয়, বরং একটি সক্রিয় কার্যকলাপ যা জাদুকরীভাবে একজন ব্যক্তির অভ্যন্তরীণ জগতকে পরিবর্তন করতে পারে, তার কল্পনা, জ্ঞান এবং বোধকে এমনভাবে প্রসারিত করতে পারে যা কেবল বাস্তবতা একা পারে না ।) c) What does Two Mothers Remembered  highlight about family bonds?   The poem shows that family bonds are made stronger by love, care, and always being there for someone. It is not just about being related by blood. The speaker's very strong connection to her second mother proves that the truest family bonds are the ones that are actively taken care of. They are built on a foundation of selfless love. (কবিতাটি তুলে ধরে যে পারিবারিক বন্ধন কেবল রক্তের সম্পর্কের মাধ্যমে নয়, বরং ভালোবাসা, যত্ন এবং ধারাবাহিক উপস্থিতির মাধ্যমে গঠিত হয় । বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের সাথে তার শক্তিশালী সংযোগ প্রমাণ করে যে সত্যিকারের পারিবারিক বন্ধন সেগুলিই যা সক্রিয়ভাবে লালন করা হয় এবং ভক্তির ভিত্তির উপর নির্মিত হয় ।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  use imagery to create mood?   The poem uses strong pictures that we can see and hear in our minds. It uses these pictures to create a sad and scary mood. We can see pictures of the "crawling foam" and the "rolling mist". We can hear the sound of Mary's spooky call. All these pictures work together to build a feeling of fear, deep sadness, and a tragedy that cannot be stopped. (কবিতাটি একটি দুঃখজনক এবং অশুভ মেজাজ তৈরি করতে শক্তিশালী সংবেদনশীল চিত্রকল্প ব্যবহার করে । "হামাগুড়ি দেওয়া ফেনা" এবং "ঘূর্ণায়মান কুয়াশা" এর দৃশ্যমান চিত্র, মেরি'র ভুতুড়ে ডাকের শ্রুতিমধুর চিত্রের সাথে মিলিত হয়ে, ভয়, বিষণ্ণতা এবং অনিবার্য (tragedy)-র এক অনুভূতি তৈরি করতে একসাথে কাজ করে ।) e) What plea does the poet make in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet makes a very desperate request to Time. He pictures time as a "gipsy man" and begs him to stop his journey that never ends. He asks him to please not let the beautiful things of the world get old and die. It is a request to save youth, beauty, and life itself from disappearing. (কবি সময়ের কাছে, যাকে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে ব্যক্ত করা হয়েছে, তার নিরলস যাত্রা থামাতে ("একটু অপেক্ষা করো, জিপসি ম্যান") এবং বিশ্বের সুন্দর জিনিসগুলিকে বার্ধক্য এবং ক্ষয় থেকে রক্ষা করার জন্য এক মরিয়া অনুরোধ করেন । এটি যৌবন, সৌন্দর্য এবং জীবনকেই রক্ষা করার একটি আবেদন ।) f) What do the woods symbolize in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The woods are a picture of the attraction of peace and beauty. They are also a picture of a short escape from the duties of life. If we think more deeply, their "dark and deep" look can also be a picture of the final rest of death. This would be a peaceful end that is very different from the speaker's long and busy journey in life. (জঙ্গল শান্তি, সৌন্দর্য এবং জীবনের দায়িত্ব থেকে এক অস্থায়ী পলায়নের আকর্ষণকে প্রতীকায়িত করে । এক গভীর স্তরে, তাদের "অন্ধকার এবং গভীর" প্রকৃতি চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রাম অর্থাৎ মৃত্যুকেও প্রতীকায়িত করতে পারে, এক শান্তিপূর্ণ বিস্মৃতি যা বক্তার চলমান যাত্রার সাথে বিপরীত ।) g) How does Solitude  explore emotional isolation? The poem "Solitude" explores being alone with your feelings. It does this by saying that happiness is something we share, but sadness is something we feel all by ourselves. The poem claims that when you are feeling sad, the world "turns and goes". It leaves you all alone with your feelings. You have to find your way through your pain without any help from other people. ("সলিটিউড" মানসিক বিচ্ছিন্নতাকে এই বলে অন্বেষণ করে যে যখন সুখ সাম্প্রদায়িক, তখন দুঃখ একটি মৌলিকভাবে একাকী অভিজ্ঞতা । এটি দাবি করে যে যখন আপনি শোক করছেন, তখন বিশ্ব "মুখ ফিরিয়ে চলে যায়," আপনাকে অন্যদের সমর্থন ছাড়াই আপনার ব্যথা মোকাবিলার জন্য মানসিক বিচ্ছিন্নতার অবস্থায় রেখে যায় ।) Set 19 a) Why does Whitman emphasize contributing a verse in O Me! O Life! ?   Whitman focuses on "contributing a verse" because it is a picture for how a single person can be a special and important part of life. It suggests that every person has a valuable role to play. It does not matter if they have problems or are not perfect. Everyone has a personal story to add to the big, ongoing poem of all humanity. (হুইটম্যান "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করার" উপর জোর দেন কারণ এটি জীবনে একজন ব্যক্তির অনন্য এবং অর্থপূর্ণ অংশগ্রহণের একটি রূপক । এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রতিটি ব্যক্তি, তাদের সংগ্রাম বা অপূর্ণতা নির্বিশেষে, একটি মূল্যবান ভূমিকা পালন করার এবং মানবতার মহান, চলমান কবিতায় একটি ব্যক্তিগত গল্প যোগ করার ক্ষমতা রাখে ।) b) How does Books  portray books as lifelong companions?   The poem "Books" shows books as friends that stay with you for your whole life. It does this by suggesting that they are a source of joy and wonder that you can always count on. Unlike people, books are always there for you. They never change. You can read them again at any time in your life to feel the same adventure and comfort that you felt the first time you read them. ("বই" সেগুলিকে একটি ধ্রুবক এবং নির্ভরযোগ্য আনন্দ ও বিস্ময়ের উৎস ("একটি জাদুর বাক্স") হিসাবে ইঙ্গিত করে আজীবন সঙ্গী হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে । মানুষের মতো নয়, বই সর্বদা উপলব্ধ, কখনো পরিবর্তন হয় না, এবং জীবনের যেকোনো পর্যায়ে একই অভিযান এবং সান্ত্বনা দেওয়ার জন্য পুনরায় পরিদর্শন করা যেতে পারে যেমনটি তারা প্রথমবার করেছিল ।) c) How does the speaker view her second mother in Two Mothers Remembered ?   The speaker sees her second mother with a huge amount of love, thanks, and respect. She remembers her as a person who gave her a steady life, comfort, and quiet strength. The poem says "her hands were cool and steady". She sees her as a very special guide and a person who took care of her. This mother's love was a very important and central part of her life. (বক্তা তার দ্বিতীয় মাকে অপরিসীম ভালোবাসা, কৃতজ্ঞতা এবং শ্রদ্ধার সাথে দেখেন । তিনি তাকে স্থিতিশীলতা, সান্ত্বনা এবং নীরব শক্তির উৎস হিসাবে স্মরণ করেন ("তার হাত শীতল এবং স্থির ছিল") । এই দৃষ্টিভঙ্গিটি একজন cherished পথপ্রদর্শক এবং যত্নশীলের, যার প্রভাব তার জীবনের কেন্দ্রবিন্দু ছিল ।) d) What is the significance of the grave by the sea in The Sands of Dee ?   The grave next to the sea is important. It is important because it is always there to remind us of Mary's sad story. It is a constant reminder of the sea's power to destroy. The grave puts a physical mark on the land that tells her story. This makes sure that people will not forget her. It also makes sure they will not forget the warning about the dangerous sea. (সমুদ্রের ধারে কবরটি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ কারণ এটি মেরি'র ভাগ্য এবং সমুদ্রের ধ্বংসাত্মক শক্তির একটি ধ্রুবক, করুণ অনুস্মারক হিসাবে কাজ করে । এটি তার ক্ষতির গল্প দিয়ে ভূদৃশ্যটিকে শারীরিকভাবে চিহ্নিত করে, যা নিশ্চিত করে যে তার স্মৃতি এবং বিপজ্জনক জোয়ারের সতর্কবার্তা ভুলে যাওয়া হবে না ।) e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  suggest about the passage of time?   The poem suggests that time's journey is something that never stops and does not care about our feelings. By comparing time to a "gipsy man" who is always on the move, the poem shows that time moves forward without stopping. It takes with it all the special moments of life, youth, and beauty. It does this without caring at all about what people wish for. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সময়ের উত্তরণ একটি নিরলস, উদাসীন এবং অবিচ্ছিন্ন যাত্রা । সময়কে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান"-এর সাথে তুলনা করে যে কখনো থামে না, এটি জোর দেয় যে সময় অপ্রতিরোধ্যভাবে এগিয়ে চলে, মানুষের ইচ্ছার প্রতি কোনো ভ্রূক্ষেপ না করে জীবন, যৌবন এবং সৌন্দর্যের সমস্ত মূল্যবান মুহূর্ত সাথে নিয়ে যায় ।) f) What role does the setting play in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The setting, or place, is very important in this poem. The place is a dark, quiet, snowy woods on the "darkest evening of the year". This place helps create the main problem in the poem. It creates a feeling of calm beauty and a peaceful escape. This peaceful place is a strong temptation for the speaker. It is the opposite of the duties and jobs he has to do on his journey. (কবিতার প্রেক্ষাপট—"বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যায়" একটি অন্ধকার, নীরব, তুষার-আচ্ছাদিত জঙ্গল—কবিতার কেন্দ্রীয় সংঘাত প্রতিষ্ঠায় একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করে । এটি নির্মল সৌন্দর্য এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ পলায়নের এক পরিবেশ তৈরি করে, যা বক্তার জন্য এক শক্তিশালী প্রলোভন হিসাবে কাজ করে, তার যাত্রার বাধ্যবাধকতার সাথে বিপরীত ।) g) How does Solitude  explore the theme of loneliness? The poem "Solitude" explores what it means to be lonely. It says that loneliness is the feeling we are pushed into when we feel sad. The poem argues that you can always find people to share your happy times with. But it says you will be left all by yourself with your sadness. This creates a very deep feeling of being lonely and emotionally cut off from the rest of the world. ("সলিটিউড" একাকীত্বকে এমন এক অবস্থা হিসাবে সংজ্ঞায়িত করে অন্বেষণ করে যেখানে দুঃখ অনুভব করার সময় একজনকে বাধ্য করা হয় । কবিতাটি যুক্তি দেয় যে যখন আপনি আপনার আনন্দ ভাগ করে নেওয়ার জন্য সর্বদা মানুষ খুঁজে পেতে পারেন, তখন আপনি আপনার দুঃখের সাথে একা থাকবেন, যা বিশ্ব থেকে এক গভীর একাকীত্ব এবং মানসিক বিচ্ছিন্নতার অনুভূতি তৈরি করে ।) Set 20 a) What role does self-reflection play in O Me! O Life! ? Thinking about yourself plays a very big role in this poem. It is how the poem starts. The whole first part of the poem is the speaker thinking in a deep and painful way. He is thinking about his feelings of being useless. He is thinking about all the problems in the world. This deep thinking is needed. It helps him get to the final, strong answer about his own purpose in life. (আত্ম-প্রতিফলন কবিতার সূচনা বিন্দু হিসাবে একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করে । পুরো প্রথম বিভাগটি বক্তার অকেজোতার অনুভূতি এবং বিশ্বের ত্রুটিগুলির উপর একটি গভীর, বেদনাদায়ক আত্ম-প্রতিফলন । তার নিজের উদ্দেশ্য সম্পর্কে চূড়ান্ত, শক্তিশালী উত্তরে পৌঁছানোর জন্য এই আত্মদর্শন ضروری (necessary) ।) b) How does Books  present books as a gateway to imagination?   The poem shows that books are like a door to our imagination. It does this by calling a room full of books a "magic box". This picture directly tells us that books are like doorways. When you open one, you can unlock your own imagination. Your imagination can then travel to amazing places and see fantastic things. (কবিতাটি বইয়ে ভরা একটি ঘরকে "জাদুর বাক্স" বলে বইকে কল্পনার প্রবেশদ্বার হিসাবে উপস্থাপন করে । এই রূপকটি সরাসরি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে বই হলো প্রবেশদ্বার; একটি খুললে পাঠকের কল্পনাকে উন্মুক্ত করা যায় এবং অবিশ্বাস্য জায়গায় ভ্রমণ করা ও চমৎকার জিনিস অভিজ্ঞতা করা যায় ।) c) What emotions does Two Mothers Remembered  evoke? The poem makes us feel several emotions. It makes us feel very thankful, warm, and sad for a time that is past. The speaker remembers his second mother with so much love. This creates a feeling of love and thanks in the reader. At the same time, thinking about time passing and about loss adds a layer of gentle sadness. (কবিতাটি গভীর কৃতজ্ঞতা, উষ্ণতা, নস্টালজিয়া এবং এক কোমল দুঃখের আবেগ জাগায় । বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের প্রতি তার স্নেহময় স্মরণ любовь (love) এবং appreciations-এর অনুভূতি তৈরি করে, যখন সময়ের উত্তরণ এবং ক্ষতির উপর প্রতিফলন এক মর্মস্পর্শী বিষণ্ণতার স্তর যোগ করে ।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  depict the forces of nature?   The poem shows the powers of nature, like the sea and the tide, in a special way. It shows them as beautiful, but also very cruel and strong. It also shows that nature does not care at all about human life. Nature is not just a quiet background in the story. It is an active and unstoppable bad guy. It causes Mary's sad death without giving any warning or feeling sorry. (কবিতাটি প্রকৃতির শক্তিগুলিকে—বিশেষত সমুদ্র এবং জোয়ারকে—সুন্দর কিন্তু নিষ্ঠুর, শক্তিশালী এবং মানব জীবনের প্রতি সম্পূর্ণরূপে উদাসীন হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে । প্রকৃতি কোনো কোমল পটভূমি নয়, বরং এক সক্রিয়, অপ্রতিরোধ্য প্রতিপক্ষ যা কোনো সতর্কতা বা অনুশোচনা ছাড়াই মেরি'র মর্মান্তিক মৃত্যু নিয়ে আসে ।) e) What does the poet mean by calling time a "gipsy" in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ? By calling time a "gipsy," the poet is saying that time is like a restless wanderer who likes to be free. It cannot be tied down or controlled by anyone. Just like a gipsy, time is always moving from place to place. It follows its own path. And it does not care about the begging of the people it passes by. (সময়কে "জিপসি" বলে কবি বোঝাতে চেয়েছেন যে সময় এক অস্থির, মুক্তমনা যাযাবর যাকে বেঁধে রাখা বা নিয়ন্ত্রণ করা যায় না । একজন জিপসির মতো, এটি ক্রমাগত চলমান, নিজের পথে চলে, এবং যারা তার পাশ দিয়ে যায় তাদের অনুরোধের প্রতি উদাসীন ।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening reflect duty and responsibility?   The poem shows the ideas of duty and responsibility in the speaker's final choice. He decides to leave the woods in the end. He has a very strong wish to stay and rest. But the thought of his "promises to keep" acts like his conscience. It reminds him that he has jobs to finish. These jobs are more important than his own personal wish for rest. (কবিতাটি বক্তার জঙ্গল ছেড়ে যাওয়ার চূড়ান্ত সিদ্ধান্তের মাধ্যমে কর্তব্য এবং দায়িত্বকে প্রতিফলিত করে । তার থাকার তীব্র ইচ্ছা সত্ত্বেও, তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার" চিন্তা একটি শক্তিশালী নৈতিক কম্পাস হিসাবে কাজ করে, যা তাকে মনে করিয়ে দেয় যে তার বাধ্যবাধকতা পূরণ করতে হবে, যা তার ব্যক্তিগত বিশ্রামের ইচ্ছার চেয়ে বেশি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ।) g) What contrast does Solitude  draw between joy and sorrow?   The poem "Solitude" draws a very clear and sharp line between joy and sorrow. It shows joy as a public feeling that can be shared with many people. The world will celebrate with you. But it shows sorrow as a private and lonely feeling. The poem says the world will leave you when you are in pain ("weep alone"). This shows the different values that society puts on these two very basic feelings. ("সলিটিউড" আনন্দকে একটি সর্বজনীন, ভাগ করে নেওয়া যায় এমন অভিজ্ঞতা এবং দুঃখকে একটি ব্যক্তিগত, বিচ্ছিন্ন অভিজ্ঞতা হিসাবে এক তীব্র বৈসাদৃশ্য তুলে ধরে । কবিতাটি বলে যে বিশ্ব আপনার সাথে উদযাপন করবে ("তোমার সাথে হাসবে") কিন্তু আপনার ব্যথায় আপনাকে ত্যাগ করবে ("একাই কাঁদবে"), এই দুটি মূল আবেগের উপর স্থাপিত বিভিন্ন সামাজিক মূল্যবোধকে তুলে ধরে ।)   Set 21 a) What does O Me! O Life!  suggest about contributing a verse to life?   The poem suggests that "contributing a verse," or adding something good to the world, is the most important reason we are alive. It means every single person has a special and valuable part to play. It does not matter if you have flaws or if the world has many problems. Your good action, your idea, or even your kind word is what gives your life meaning. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করা," বা পৃথিবীতে ভালো কিছু যোগ করা, আমাদের বেঁচে থাকার সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কারণ। এর মানে হলো যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তিরই একটি বিশেষ এবং মূল্যবান ভূমিকা পালন করার ক্ষমতা রয়েছে। আপনার নিজের বা বিশ্বের সমস্যা থাকলেও কিছু যায় আসে না। আপনার ভালো কাজ, ধারণা, বা এমনকি একটি доброе слово (kind word) জীবনকে অর্থ প্রদান করে।) b) Why does Books  portray books as lifelong companions?   The poem shows books as friends for your whole life because you can always count on them to bring you happiness and wonder. Unlike people, books are always there for you when you need them. Their stories never change. You can visit them again at any time in your life, and they will give you the same adventure and comfort they gave you the very first time. ("বই" সেগুলিকে একটি ধ্রুবক এবং নির্ভরযোগ্য আনন্দ ও বিস্ময়ের উৎস ("একটি জাদুর বাক্স") হিসাবে ইঙ্গিত করে আজীবন সঙ্গী হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে। মানুষের মতো নয়, বই সর্বদা উপলব্ধ, কখনো পরিবর্তন হয় না, এবং জীবনের যেকোনো পর্যায়ে একই অভিযান এবং সান্ত্বনা দেওয়ার জন্য পুনরায় পরিদর্শন করা যেতে পারে যেমনটি তারা প্রথমবার করেছিল।) c) What does Two Mothers Remembered  reveal about a mother’s guidance?   The poem reveals that a mother's guidance is a gentle, steady, and long-lasting force. The speaker remembers her second mother’s "cool and steady" hands and her calm way of being. This suggests that the best guidance is not forceful. It is a quiet and constant support that shapes a child's life in a very deep and important way. (কবিতাটি প্রকাশ করে যে মায়ের নির্দেশনা এক কোমল, স্থির এবং স্থায়ী শক্তি। বক্তা তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের "শীতল এবং স্থির" হাত এবং শান্ত উপস্থিতি স্মরণ করেন, যা ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সবচেয়ে কার্যকর নির্দেশনা জোরপূর্বক নয়, বরং একটি ধ্রুবক, নীরব সমর্থন যা একটি শিশুর জীবনকে গভীরভাবে রূপ দেয়।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  depict nature’s power? The poem shows nature's power as something huge, uncaring, and very sad in the end. The tide that never stops and the fog that makes it hard to see are shown as forces that people cannot control or talk to. This huge power is the direct cause of Mary's death. It highlights that nature is much stronger than human life. (কবিতাটি প্রকৃতির শক্তিকে বিশাল, উদাসীন এবং শেষ পর্যন্ত দুঃখজনক হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে। নিরলস জোয়ার এবং অন্ধকারী কুয়াশাকে এমন শক্তি হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে যা মানুষ নিয়ন্ত্রণ বা तर्क (reason) করতে পারে না। এই অপ্রতিরোধ্য শক্তি সরাসরি মেরি'র মৃত্যুর দিকে নিয়ে যায়, যা মানব জীবনের উপর প্রকৃতির আধিপত্যকে তুলে ধরে।) e) What does the poet mean by “only a moment” in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   When the poet says "only a moment," he is showing us how short the present time is. Our "now" does not last very long. He begs time to stay for just this little bit of time. This shows how fast our good and beautiful moments go by. They quickly become part of the past. The "gipsy man" of time is always moving and carries these moments away from us forever. ("কেবল এক মুহূর্ত" বলে কবি বর্তমানের অত্যন্ত সংক্ষিপ্ত এবং ক্ষণস্থায়ী প্রকৃতিকে তুলে ধরছেন। এমনকি এই স্বল্প সময়ের জন্য থাকার অনুরোধটি জোর দেয় যে সুন্দর মুহূর্তগুলি কত দ্রুত চলে যায় এবং অতীতের অংশ হয়ে যায়, যা চিরচলমান "জিপসি ম্যান" দ্বারা বাহিত হয়।) f) Why does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening resonate with readers?   The poem connects with many readers because it shows a feeling that every human has. It is the conflict between the wish for a peaceful escape and the need to do our duty. Its simple words, beautiful pictures, and deep idea make it easy for anyone to relate to. It feels familiar to anyone who has ever felt torn between what they want  to do and what they must  do. (কবিতাটি পাঠকদের সাথে অনুরণিত হয় কারণ এটি একটি সর্বজনীন মানবিক অভিজ্ঞতাকে ধারণ করে: শান্তিপূর্ণ পলায়নের আকাঙ্ক্ষা এবং কর্তব্য ও দায়িত্বের চাহিদার মধ্যেকার দ্বন্দ্ব। এর সহজ ভাষা, সুন্দর চিত্রকল্প এবং গভীর অন্তর্নিহিত বিষয়বস্তু এটিকে এমন যেকোনো ব্যক্তির কাছে সম্পর্কিত করে তোলে যে কখনো যা করতে চায় এবং যা করতে হবে তার মধ্যে দ্বিধাগ্রস্ত হয়েছে।) g) What does Solitude  imply about isolation and grief?   The poem suggests that deep sadness will almost always lead to being alone. It argues that happiness acts like a magnet, pulling people toward you. But sadness acts in the opposite way, pushing people away. When a person is grieving, the world tends to leave them. This forces the person to face their pain in a state of deep loneliness. (কবিতাটি বোঝায় যে শোক অনিবার্যভাবে বিচ্ছিন্নতার দিকে নিয়ে যায়। এটি যুক্তি দেয় যে যখন আনন্দ একটি সামাজিক চুম্বক, তখন দুঃখ একটি সামাজিক বিকর্ষক। যখন একজন শোক করছে ("কাঁদো"), তখন সমাজ সরে যাওয়ার প্রবণতা দেখায় ("তারা মুখ ফিরিয়ে চলে যায়"), যা ব্যক্তিকে গভীর বিচ্ছিন্নতার অবস্থায় তার ব্যথা মোকাবিলা করার জন্য ছেড়ে দেয়।) Set 22 a) How does O Me! O Life!  address the value of each individual?   The poem talks about how much each person is worth. It ends by saying that just being alive is part of a "powerful play". It says that each person's purpose is to "contribute a verse." This confirms that every single life is important and has a special part to play, no matter how hard that life is. (কবিতাটি এই উপসংহারে পৌঁছে প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির মূল্যকে সম্বোধন করে যে একজনের অস্তিত্বের সত্যটিই হলো "শক্তিশালী নাটক" এবং প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির উদ্দেশ্য হলো "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করা।" এটি নিশ্চিত করে যে প্রতিটি জীবন, তার সংগ্রাম নির্বিশেষে, অন্তর্নিহিত মূল্য এবং একটি অনন্য ভূমিকা পালন করার ক্ষমতা রাখে।) b) What makes books “magic” in Books ? What makes books "magic" is their special ability to hold whole worlds of imagination inside one small object. The magic is in their power to take a reader to different times and places. They let a person experience many different lives and ideas just by reading words on a page. (বইকে "জাদু" করে তোলে তাদের ক্ষমতা, একটি ছোট, ভৌত বস্তুর মধ্যে কল্পনা, অভিযান এবং জ্ঞানের সমগ্র জগৎ ধারণ করার। "জাদু" তাদের শক্তি, পাঠককে সময় এবং স্থানের বাইরে নিয়ে যাওয়ার, যা তাদের কেবল পড়ার মাধ্যমে অগণিত জীবন এবং ধারণা অভিজ্ঞতা করার অনুমতি দেয়।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  explore maternal sacrifice?   The poem explores the idea of a mother giving things up for her child. It does this through the speaker's deep thanks for his second mother. This woman took on the job of raising a child that was not born to her. By stepping in and giving selfless love and a good life, she made a big sacrifice. This sacrifice came from a place of deep love and devotion. (কবিতাটি বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের প্রতি তার appreciations-এর মাধ্যমে মাতৃ ত্যাগ অন্বেষণ করে, যিনি এমন একটি শিশুকে বড় করার ভূমিকা নিয়েছিলেন যা তার নিজের ছিল না। এই এগিয়ে আসা এবং নিঃস্বার্থ ভালোবাসা, যত্ন এবং একটি স্থিতিশীল জীবন প্রদান করার কাজটি ভক্তির বাইরে করা এক গভীর ত্যাগকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে।) d) What does the sea symbolize in The Sands of Dee ? The sea in this poem is a picture of a force of nature that is beautiful, but also tricky and deadly. It stands for a power that does not care about people. It acts on its own rules. It can give life, like when fishermen catch fish. But it can also take life away very suddenly and sadly, like it does to Mary. ("দ্য স্যান্ডস অফ ডি"-তে সমুদ্র প্রকৃতির এক সুন্দর কিন্তু প্রতারণামূলক এবং মারাত্মক শক্তিকে প্রতীকায়িত করে। এটি এক উদাসীন শক্তিকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে যা নিজের শর্তে চলে, যা জীবন দিতে (মাছ ধরার মাধ্যমে) সক্ষম কিন্তু মেরি'র সাথে যেমনটি করে, তেমনি হঠাৎ এবং দুঃখজনকভাবে তা কেড়ে নিতেও সক্ষম।) e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  convey urgency? The poem makes us feel that time is running out. It does this through the poet's worried and repeated requests for time to please stop. Words like "Tarry a little," and "Put up your caravan just for one night," create a feeling of desperation. It pushes the reader to enjoy the present moment before it is gone forever. (কবিতাটি সময়কে থামানোর কবির উন্মত্ত এবং পুনরাবৃত্তিমূলক অনুরোধের মাধ্যমে জরুরি অবস্থা প্রকাশ করে। "একটু অপেক্ষা করো," "কেবল এক রাতের জন্য তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি রাখো," এবং ক্ষণস্থায়ী সৌন্দর্যগুলির তালিকা এক হতাশার অনুভূতি তৈরি করে, যা পাঠককে বর্তমানকে চলে যাওয়ার আগে উপলব্ধি করার জন্য অনুরোধ করে।) f) Why does the poet pause in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The poet stops his journey because he is amazed by the deep beauty and quiet of the snowy woods. The scene gives him a moment of perfect, peaceful escape from his trip and from the duties of his life. He stops for the simple reason of watching the woods "fill up with snow" and to feel the peacefulness all around him. (কবি থামেন কারণ তিনি তুষারময় জঙ্গলের গভীর সৌন্দর্য এবং প্রশান্তিতে মুগ্ধ। দৃশ্যটি তার যাত্রা এবং জীবনের বাধ্যবাধকতা থেকে এক নিখুঁত, শান্ত পলায়নের মুহূর্ত প্রদান করে, এবং তিনি কেবল জঙ্গলকে "তুষারে ভরে উঠতে" দেখতে এবং সেই শান্তিকে শোষণ করার জন্য থামেন।) g) What lesson about human nature does Solitude teach?   The poem teaches the lesson that, deep down, people are often interested in what is best for themselves. It suggests that people are drawn to fun and will happily share in someone else's good times. But they will naturally avoid the heavy weight of someone else's sadness. This shows that people often look for friends to get something for themselves, not to give real, mutual support. (কবিতাটি এই শিক্ষা দেয় যে মানব প্রকৃতি মৌলিকভাবে স্বার্থান্বেষী। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে মানুষ স্বাভাবিকভাবে আনন্দের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় এবং অন্যদের খুশিতে ভাগ করে নেয়, কিন্তু তারা সহজাতভাবে অন্যদের দুঃখের বোঝা এড়িয়ে চলে, যা খাঁটি, পারস্পরিক সমর্থনের পরিবর্তে লাভের জন্য সঙ্গ খোঁজার প্রবণতাকে প্রকাশ করে।) Set 23 a) What message does O Me! O Life!  convey about self-expression?   The poem gives the message that expressing yourself is not just for artists. It is the main purpose of life. By ending with the idea that each person can "contribute a verse," it argues that showing your own special self, your thoughts, and your actions is the strongest answer you can give to life's sadness. (কবিতাটি এই বার্তা দেয় যে আত্ম-প্রকাশ কেবল একটি শৈল্পিক কাজ নয়, বরং জীবনের মূল উদ্দেশ্য। প্রতিটি ব্যক্তি "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করতে পারে" এই উপসংহারে পৌঁছে, এটি যুক্তি দেয় যে নিজের অনন্য পরিচয়, চিন্তা এবং কর্ম প্রকাশ করাই জীবনের হতাশার সবচেয়ে শক্তিশালী উত্তর।) b) How does Books  describe the relationship between a reader and a story?   The poem "Books" describes this relationship as something very close and magical. The reader is not just watching the story from far away. The reader is an active part of it. They enter the "magic box" of the story. The relationship is full of new discoveries and wonder. The reader and the story connect with each other through imagination and deep feelings. ("বই" পাঠক এবং গল্পের মধ্যে সম্পর্ককে এক অন্তরঙ্গ এবং জাদুকরী হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে। পাঠক কোনো নিষ্ক্রিয় পর্যবেক্ষক নন, বরং একজন সক্রিয় অংশগ্রহণকারী যিনি গল্পের "জাদুর বাক্সে" প্রবেশ করেন। সম্পর্কটি আবিষ্কার এবং বিস্ময়ের, যেখানে পাঠক এবং গল্প একটি কল্পনাপ্রবণ এবং আবেগপূর্ণ স্তরে সংযুক্ত হয়।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  address the idea of role reversal?   The poem talks about roles changing places by showing the natural way life moves forward. The speaker, who was once the child being taken care of, now seems to be the one responsible for her older second mother. This switch shows us how taking care of each other in a family can happen in cycles. (কবিতাটি জীবনের প্রাকৃতিক অগ্রগতি দেখিয়ে ভূমিকা পরিবর্তনের বিষয়টি সম্বোধন করে, যেখানে বক্তা, একসময় যত্ন নেওয়া শিশু, এখন তার বয়স্ক দ্বিতীয় মায়ের জন্য দায়িত্বের অবস্থানে রয়েছে বলে মনে হয়। এই পরিবর্তন একটি পরিবারের মধ্যে যত্ন প্রদানের চক্রাকার প্রকৃতিকে তুলে ধরে।) d) Why do the boatmen hear Mary’s call in The Sands of Dee ?   The boatmen hear Mary's call because her sad death has become a ghost story that is now a permanent part of that place. Her call is not a real sound anymore. It is a spooky echo from another world. It is a sad warning that haunts the beach. It acts as a reminder of the tragedy that will never be forgotten. (মাঝিরা মেরি'র ডাক শুনতে পায় কারণ তার মর্মান্তিক মৃত্যু সেই স্থানে নিহিত একটি স্থায়ী, ভৌতিক কিংবদন্তিতে পরিণত হয়েছে। তার ডাক আর কোনো ভৌত শব্দ নয়, বরং একটি অতিপ্রাকৃত প্রতিধ্বনি, একটি দুঃখজনক সতর্কবার্তা যা বালিকে তাড়া করে ফেরে এবং সেই (tragedy)-র এক চিরন্তন অনুস্মারক হিসাবে কাজ করে।) e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  reflect the poet's personal feelings?   The poem shows the poet's own personal feelings of sadness for the past, of wanting something he cannot have, and of feeling helpless. He talks directly to Time, and his begging voice shows a deep, personal sadness about losing his youth and beauty. It also shows his anger that he cannot stop the moments of his life from passing by. (কবিতাটি কবির ব্যক্তিগত নস্টালজিয়া, আকাঙ্ক্ষা এবং অসহায়ত্বের অনুভূতি প্রতিফলিত করে। সময়ের প্রতি তার সরাসরি সম্বোধন এবং তার অনুনয়মূলক সুর যৌবন এবং সৌন্দর্যের ক্ষতির বিষয়ে এক গভীর, ব্যক্তিগত দুঃখ এবং মুহূর্তগুলির নিরলস উত্তরণ থামাতে তার অক্ষমতার হতাশা প্রকাশ করে।) f) Why does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening resonate with readers?   The poem connects with many readers because it shows a feeling that every human has. It is the conflict between the wish for a peaceful escape and the need to do our duty. Its simple words, beautiful pictures, and deep idea make it easy for anyone to relate to. It feels familiar to anyone who has ever felt torn between what they want  to do and what they must  do. (কবিতাটি পাঠকদের সাথে অনুরণিত হয় কারণ এটি একটি সর্বজনীন মানবিক অভিজ্ঞতাকে ধারণ করে: শান্তিপূর্ণ পলায়নের আকাঙ্ক্ষা এবং কর্তব্য ও দায়িত্বের চাহিদার মধ্যেকার দ্বন্দ্ব। এর সহজ ভাষা, সুন্দর চিত্রকল্প এবং গভীর অন্তর্নিহিত বিষয়বস্তু এটিকে এমন যেকোনো ব্যক্তির কাছে সম্পর্কিত করে তোলে যে কখনো যা করতে চায় এবং যা করতে হবে তার মধ্যে দ্বিধাগ্রস্ত হয়েছে।) g) What lesson does Solitude  convey about human nature?   The poem teaches the lesson that, deep down, people are often interested in what is best for themselves. It suggests that people are drawn to fun and will happily share in someone else's good times. But they will naturally avoid the heavy weight of someone else's sadness. This shows that people often look for friends to get something for themselves, not to give real, mutual support. (কবিতাটি এই শিক্ষা দেয় যে মানব প্রকৃতি মৌলিকভাবে স্বার্থান্বেষী। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে মানুষ স্বাভাবিকভাবে আনন্দের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় এবং অন্যদের খুশিতে ভাগ করে নেয়, কিন্তু তারা সহজাতভাবে অন্যদের দুঃখের বোঝা এড়িয়ে চলে, যা খাঁটি, পারস্পরিক সমর্থনের পরিবর্তে লাভের জন্য সঙ্গ খোঁজার প্রবণতাকে প্রকাশ করে।) Set 24 a) What does O Me! O Life!  highlight about human imperfections?   The poem shows that people are not perfect. It does this by making a list of problems. It mentions "the endless trains of the faithless," "cities filled with the foolish," and the speaker's own feelings of doubt that keep coming back. By saying that these problems are a normal part of being human, the poem gets us ready for its happy ending. The happy ending is that life is still good and has value, even with all these problems. (কবিতাটি "বিশ্বাসহীনের অন্তহীন সারি," "মূর্খে ভরা শহর," এবং বক্তার নিজের পুনরাবৃত্ত আত্ম-সন্দেহের তালিকা করে মানুষের অপূর্ণতাগুলিকে তুলে ধরে। এই ত্রুটিগুলিকে মানব পরিস্থিতির অংশ হিসাবে স্বীকার করে, কবিতাটি তার উদ্দীপক উপসংহারের জন্য মঞ্চ তৈরি করে যে এগুলি সত্ত্বেও জীবনের মূল্য রয়েছে।) b) Why does the poem Books  say books are magical? The poem says books are magical because they have an amazing power to take our minds and spirits to new places. Like magic, they can make a small room feel like a huge world. They can let a reader live many different lives. And they can hold endless wonders, all inside the simple shape of a book with a cover. (কবিতাটি বলে যে বই জাদুকরী কারণ তাদের মন এবং আত্মাকে স্থানান্তরিত করার অসাধারণ ক্ষমতা রয়েছে। জাদুর মতো, তারা একটি ছোট ঘরকে এক বিশাল বিশ্বের মতো অনুভব করাতে পারে, একজন পাঠককে অগণিত জীবন অভিজ্ঞতা করার অনুমতি দেয়, এবং একটি সাধারণ বাঁধাই করা বইয়ের আকারে অফুরন্ত বিস্ময় ধারণ করতে পারে।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  depict the impact of memories on the speaker?   The poem shows that memories are a very strong, living force. They are so strong that they shape who the speaker is today. Her memories of her second mother are not weak or blurry. They are very clear and full of feeling. This shows that these past times continue to give her comfort and a sense of who she is. They also fill her with a deep feeling of being thankful. (কবিতাটি স্মৃতিকে এক শক্তিশালী, জীবন্ত শক্তি হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে যা বক্তার বর্তমানকে রূপ দেয়। তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের স্মৃতিগুলি কোনো ক্ষীণ স্মৃতিচারণ নয়, বরং উজ্জ্বল এবং আবেগে পূর্ণ, যা দেখায় যে এই অতীতের অভিজ্ঞতাগুলি তাকে সান্ত্বনা, পরিচয় এবং এক গভীর কৃতজ্ঞতাবোধ প্রদান করতে থাকে।) d) What does the repeated calling of cattle symbolize in The Sands of Dee ?   The repeated calling of the cows is a picture of the sad, never-ending echo of a life that was ended too soon. What was once a simple, everyday job for Mary becomes something else after she dies. It becomes a spooky, ghost-like cry. It stands for the fact that she is gone forever. It also stands for the sadness that now hangs over the land. (গবাদি পশুর পুনরাবৃত্ত ডাক একটি অকালে শেষ হয়ে যাওয়া জীবনের দুঃখজনক, অন্তহীন প্রতিধ্বনিকে প্রতীকায়িত করে। যা একসময় মেরি'র জন্য একটি সহজ, দৈনন্দিন রুটিন ছিল, তার মৃত্যুর পর, তা একটি ভুতুড়ে, অতিপ্রাকৃত কান্নায় পরিণত হয় যা তার স্থায়ী অনুপস্থিতি এবং সেই ভূদৃশ্যে লেগে থাকা দুঃখকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে।) e) Why does the poet ask time to "stay just for a day" in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet asks time to "stay just for a day" to show how strongly he feels. He deeply wishes he could pause the moments of life that fly by so fast. This is a very small request, but he knows it is impossible to get. This shows how powerless he is against time. It also shows his deep wish to enjoy the beauty of right now, even for a short while, before it is gone forever. (কবি সময়কে "কেবল একদিনের জন্য থাকতে" বলেন তার জীবনের ক্ষণস্থায়ী মুহূর্তগুলিকে থামানোর তীব্র আকাঙ্ক্ষাকে জোর দেওয়ার জন্য। এই ছোট, অসম্ভব অনুরোধটি তার অসহায়ত্বকে তুলে ধরে এবং অনিবার্যভাবে হারিয়ে যাওয়ার আগে, এমনকি অল্প সময়ের জন্য, বর্তমানের সৌন্দর্য উপভোগ করার এক গভীর আকাঙ্ক্ষা প্রকাশ করে।) f) What does the phrase “promises to keep” signify in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The phrase "promises to keep" stands for all the speaker's duties and responsibilities. These are the jobs he must do for other people and for himself. These promises are the social and moral duties that pull him back to his journey. They are stronger than his desire to rest in the quiet woods. They keep him grounded and focused on his path in life. ("প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার" বাক্যাংশটি বক্তার অন্যদের প্রতি এবং নিজের প্রতি কর্তব্য, দায়িত্ব এবং অঙ্গীকারকে বোঝায়। এই প্রতিশ্রুতিগুলি সামাজিক এবং নৈতিক বাধ্যবাধকতাকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে যা তাকে বিশ্রাম এবং নির্জনতার আকর্ষণ থেকে দূরে সরিয়ে দেয়, তাকে তার জীবনের যাত্রায় ভিত্তি স্থাপন করে।) g) How does Solitude  contrast feasting and fasting? The poem uses the ideas of "feasting" and "fasting" as pictures to show a difference. "Feasting" is a picture for happy times, and "fasting" is a picture for sad times. "Feasting in your halls" means having good times and success, which makes many people want to be with you. "Fasting" means having hard times and sadness. During these times, you are left all alone. This shows that people's friendship can be selfish. (কবিতাটি ভাগ করে নেওয়া আনন্দ এবং একাকী দুঃখের মধ্যে বৈসাদৃশ্য তৈরি করতে "ভোজ" এবং "উপবাস" রূপকভাবে ব্যবহার করে। "তোমার হলে ভোজ" সাফল্য এবং সুখের মুহূর্তগুলিকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, যা মানুষের ভিড় আকর্ষণ করে। "উপবাস" কষ্ট এবং শোকের সময়কে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, যে সময়ে একজনকে একা থাকতে হয়, যা মানব সঙ্গের স্বার্থপর প্রকৃতিকে তুলে ধরে।) Set 25 a) How does O Me! O Life!  suggest overcoming despair? The poem suggests that we can get over our sad feelings. It does not tell us to ignore the pain in life. Instead, it tells us to find our own special purpose, even when things are hard. The final answer in the poem is very strong. It says, "That you are here... That you may contribute a verse". This shows that just being alive is a good enough reason to fight sadness. It is a reason to do something good and meaningful. (কবিতাটি জীবনের যন্ত্রণা উপেক্ষা করে নয়, বরং তার মধ্যে নিজের অনন্য উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে বের করার মাধ্যমে হতাশা কাটিয়ে ওঠার পরামর্শ দেয়। চূড়ান্ত উত্তর—"যে তুমি এখানে আছো... যে তুমি একটি শ্লোক যোগ করতে পারো"—একটি শক্তিশালী உறுதி হিসাবে কাজ করে যে নিজের অস্তিত্বই হতাশা কাটিয়ে ওঠার এবং একটি অর্থপূর্ণ অবদান রাখার কারণ।) b) Why does the poem Books  call books a "magic box"?   The poet calls books a "magic box" because they hold so many amazing things and great adventures inside their pages. Just like a real magic box with tricks, opening a book can magically take the reader to new worlds. It can let you meet interesting people. It can show you new things that seem amazing and wonderful. All of this can come from just one small book. (কবি বইকে "জাদুর বাক্স" বলেছেন কারণ তাদের পৃষ্ঠাগুলির মধ্যে অগণিত বিস্ময় এবং অভিযান রয়েছে। একটি কৌশলের বাক্সের মতো, একটি বই খোলা পাঠককে জাদুকরীর মতো বিভিন্ন জগতে নিয়ে যেতে পারে, তাদের আকর্ষণীয় চরিত্রের সাথে পরিচয় করিয়ে দিতে পারে, এবং এমন জ্ঞান প্রকাশ করতে পারে যা fantástico বলে মনে হয়, সবই একটি ছোট বস্তু থেকে।) c) How does the poem Two Mothers Remembered  explore the theme of caregiving?   The poem explores taking care of someone as the most important job that shows what a mother is. It is the thing that creates family bonds that last forever. The speaker's memories are not of big, fancy actions. His memories are of the steady, gentle care he got from his second mother. This suggests that a real family is built on the foundation of selfless nurturing. (কবিতাটি যত্ন প্রদানকে কেন্দ্রীয় কাজ হিসাবে অন্বেষণ করে যা মাতৃত্বকে সংজ্ঞায়িত করে এবং স্থায়ী বন্ধন তৈরি করে। বক্তার স্মৃতিগুলি কোনো মহৎ অঙ্গভঙ্গির নয়, বরং তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের দ্বারা প্রদত্ত ধারাবাহিক, কোমল যত্নের, যা ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সত্যিকারের পরিবার নিঃস্বার্থ লালনপালনের ভিত্তির উপর নির্মিত।) d) What does The Sands of Dee  suggest about nature’s power?   The poem suggests that nature's power is total and complete. It does not care about us, and it cannot be tamed. The tide that never stops acts without any mean feelings, but what it does is terrible. This shows that human lives are very delicate. They can be broken by the huge, wild forces of the natural world that we cannot control. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রকৃতির শক্তি পরম, উদাসীন এবং অদম্য। নিরলস জোয়ার কোনো বিদ্বেষ ছাড়াই কিন্তু বিধ্বংসী পরিণতি নিয়ে কাজ করে, যা দেখায় যে মানব জীবন ভঙ্গুর এবং প্রাকৃতিক বিশ্বের বিশাল, অনিয়ন্ত্রিত শক্তির অধীন।) e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  imply about the fleeting nature of life?   The poem suggests that life passes very quickly. It does this by showing time as a traveler who is always moving and carries everything away with him. The loss of the "sweet girls and brave boys" to time's wagon is a direct picture of how life itself is a short journey. It shows how the best and most lively moments of life quickly pass by and become just a memory. (কবিতাটি সময়কে এক ধ্রুবক চলমান ভ্রমণকারী হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে, যে সবকিছু কেড়ে নিয়ে যায়, এর মাধ্যমে জীবন ক্ষণস্থায়ী বলে বোঝায়। সময়ের ক্যারাভ্যানে "মিষ্টি মেয়ে এবং সাহসী ছেলেদের" হারানো একটি সরাসরি রূপক যে কীভাবে জীবন নিজেই একটি ক্ষণস্থায়ী যাত্রা, এবং এর প্রাণবন্ত মুহূর্তগুলি দ্রুত স্মৃতিতে পরিণত হয়।) f) Why does the poet describe the woods as “lovely” in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The poet calls the woods "lovely" because they are a perfect, calm, and beautiful place to escape from the hard parts of the world. The mix of deep darkness, the quiet falling snow, and the total silence creates a beautiful and peaceful feeling. The speaker finds this feeling to be very attractive and calming. (কবি জঙ্গলকে "lovely" (সুন্দর) বলেছেন কারণ সেগুলি বিশ্বের জটিলতা থেকে এক নিখুঁত, নির্মল এবং সুন্দর পলায়নকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। গভীর অন্ধকার, শান্ত তুষারপাত এবং গভীর নীরবতার সংমিশ্রণ এক নান্দনিক এবং আবেগপূর্ণ আবেদন তৈরি করে যা তিনি গভীরভাবে আকর্ষণীয় এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ মনে করেন।) g) How does Solitude  reflect the isolation of grief? The poem "Solitude" shows how being sad can make you feel very alone. It does this by showing the big difference between sadness and happiness. The poem's main message is that people will be happy to join your parties and celebrations. But these same people will leave you when you are sad ("weep, and you weep alone"). This forces you into a state of deep emotional loneliness. ("সলিটিউড" আনন্দের সাম্প্রদায়িক প্রকৃতির সাথে তীব্রভাবে বৈসাদৃশ্য তৈরি করে শোকের বিচ্ছিন্নতাকে প্রতিফলিত করে। কবিতার কেন্দ্রীয় বার্তাটি হলো, যখন মানুষ সানন্দে আপনার উদযাপনে যোগ দেবে, তখন তারা আপনাকে শোক করার সময় ত্যাগ করবে ("কাঁদো, এবং তুমি একাই কাঁদবে"), যা আপনাকে গভীর মানসিক বিচ্ছিন্নতার অবস্থায় বাধ্য করবে।)

English Poems: Practice Questions for Class 9 & 10 - 2 Set 9 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does O Me! O Life! address self-worth? b) Why does Books describe reading as a magical experience? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered explore changing relationships? d) How does The Sands of Dee build suspense? e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man portray the passage of time? f) Why does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening use repetition? g) What contrast does Solitude make between joy and despair?   Set 10 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What is Whitman’s tone at the conclusion of O Me! O Life!? b) How does Books suggest the influence of books on children? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered portray the strength of women? d) Why does The Sands of Dee focus on the tide’s movement? e) What does the poet’s plea to time reveal in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) Why does the poet continue his journey in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What does Solitude say about the selfishness of human relationships?   Set 11 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What realization does O Me! O Life! lead to? b) How does Books capture the timelessness of stories? c) What emotions does Two Mothers Remembered emphasize? d) What role does nature play in The Sands of Dee? e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man reflect nostalgia? f) What does the traveler represent in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude contrast shared happiness and private sorrow?   Set 12 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does "O Me! O Life!" highlight human imperfections? b) Why does the poet call books a "magic box" in the poem "Books"? c) How does "Two Mothers Remembered" explore the theme of role reversal? d) What is the significance of the grave by the sea in "The Sands of Dee"? e) What does "Time, You Old Gipsy Man" suggest about the fleeting nature of time? f) How does "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" depict solitude and contemplation? g) What lesson does "Solitude" convey about human companionship?   Set 13 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! inspire readers to take action? b) What is the poet’s attitude toward books in Books? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered present themes of devotion? d) Why is the tide an important element in The Sands of Dee? e) What role does time play in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What makes the woods so captivating in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What social observation does Solitude make?   Set 14 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What key message does O Me! O Life! convey? b) How does Books celebrate the power of storytelling? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered depict the process of remembering? d) What emotions are evoked by The Sands of Dee? e) How does the poet address the idea of fleeting time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening explore obligations? g) What is the deeper meaning of Solitude?   Set 15 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! inspire individuals to find purpose? b) How does Books describe the emotional connection with books? c) What does Two Mothers Remembered reveal about the passage of time? d) How does The Sands of Dee convey a sense of loss? e) Why does the poet plead with time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What effect does repetition have in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What is the poet’s view on social behavior in Solitude?   Set 16 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does "O Me! O Life!" reflect Whitman’s perspective on self-expression? b) Why does the poem "Books" call books treasures? c) What message does "Two Mothers Remembered" convey about caregiving? d) How does "The Sands of Dee" explore the relationship between humans and nature? e) Why does the poet ask time to "stay just for a day" in "Time, You Old Gipsy Man"? f) What does the phrase "promises to keep" signify in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? g) What does "Solitude" suggest about human selfishness? Key Set 9 a) How does O Me! O Life!  address self-worth? The poem talks about how we see our own value. It starts with the speaker feeling sad and full of questions. But it moves to a feeling that is very strong and positive. The answer, "That you are here," tells us that every single person's life has value just because it exists. We find our own self-worth when we understand this idea. We feel worthy when we know we have the power to "contribute a verse," or add our own good part to the world. (কবিতাটি প্রশ্ন এবং হতাশার অবস্থা থেকে এক শক্তিশালী দৃঢ়তার দিকে এগিয়ে গিয়ে আত্ম-মূল্যকে সম্বোধন করে । উত্তর, "যে তুমি এখানে আছো," জোর দেয় যে প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির অস্তিত্বের অন্তর্নিহিত মূল্য রয়েছে । আত্ম-মূল্য এই সত্যটি স্বীকার করা এবং বোঝা থেকে আসে যে আপনার একটি "শ্লোক যোগ করার" ক্ষমতা আছে ।) b) Why does Books  describe reading as a magical experience?   The poem calls reading a magical experience because books have a special power. They can take a person to a brand new world. They can introduce us to so many different people and characters. They can fill our minds with new facts and wonder. And all of this happens without us ever leaving our own room. This power to change our world so completely is like real magic. (কবিতাটি পড়াকে একটি জাদুকরী অভিজ্ঞতা হিসাবে উল্লেখ করে কারণ বইয়ের শক্তি আছে একজন ব্যক্তিকে সম্পূর্ণ নতুন জগতে নিয়ে যাওয়ার, তাকে অগণিত চরিত্রের সাথে পরিচয় করিয়ে দেওয়ার এবং তার মনকে জ্ঞান ও বিস্ময়ে পূর্ণ করার, সবই তার ঘর না ছেড়েই । এই রূপান্তরকারী শক্তি জাদুর সমতুল্য ।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  explore changing relationships?   The poem looks at how relationships can change over time. It shows how the speaker's connection with her second mother grew stronger as the years passed. Her relationship with her birth mother was not there at all. But her bond with her second mother was built every day. It was built with acts of care and guidance. This shows that the strongest relationships are often the ones that we work on and take care of. (কবিতাটি দেখায় যে কীভাবে বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের সাথে তার সম্পর্ক সময়ের সাথে সাথে বিকশিত এবং গভীর হয়েছিল, এর মাধ্যমে পরিবর্তনশীল সম্পর্কগুলি অন্বেষণ করে । যখন তার জন্মদাত্রী মায়ের সাথে তার সম্পর্ক ছিল অনুপস্থিতির, তখন তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের সাথে বন্ধনটি দৈনন্দিন যত্ন এবং নির্দেশনার মাধ্যমে নির্মিত হয়েছিল, যা প্রমাণ করে যে সবচেয়ে গভীর সম্পর্কগুলি প্রায়শই সেগুলিই যা লালন করা হয় ।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  build suspense? The poem "The Sands of Dee" makes us feel nervous and excited about what will happen next. It does this by giving hints of danger. It uses scary pictures of the sea coming closer. The "cruel crawling foam" and the thick "mist" make us feel that something bad is about to happen. Mary keeps calling for her cows while this danger gets closer. This makes the reader worry more and more about what will happen to her. ("দ্য স্যান্ডস অফ ডি" পূর্বাভাস এবং ধেয়ে আসা জোয়ারের অশুভ চিত্রকল্পের মাধ্যমে উত্তেজনা তৈরি করে । "নিষ্ঠুর হামাগুড়ি দেওয়া ফেনা" এবং ঘূর্ণায়মান "কুয়াশা" এক আসন্ন বিপদের অনুভূতি তৈরি করে । এই পটভূমিতে মেরি'র ডাকের পুনরাবৃত্তি পাঠককে তার ভাগ্য সম্পর্কে ক্রমবর্ধমানভাবে উদ্বিগ্ন করে তোলে, যখন অনিবার্য悲剧 (tragedy)-টি আরও কাছে চলে আসে ।) e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  portray the passage of time?   The poem shows the passing of time as a long trip that never stops. It pictures time as a "gipsy man" with a wagon that "rattles and jolts". This creates a clear picture in our minds. We see time as a traveler who is always moving forward. As he travels, he picks up our moments and the people in our lives. He does this without ever stopping or looking back. (কবিতাটি সময়ের উত্তরণকে একটি অবিচ্ছিন্ন, অপ্রতিরোধ্য যাত্রা হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে । সময়কে একটি "ক্যারাভান" সহ "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে ব্যক্ত করে যা "ঝাঁকুনি দেয়," কবিতাটি সময়ের এক উজ্জ্বল চিত্র তৈরি করে যে একজন ভ্রমণকারী হিসাবে সর্বদা এগিয়ে চলেছে, যেতে যেতে মুহূর্ত এবং মানুষ সংগ্রহ করছে, কখনো পিছনে ফিরে না তাকিয়ে ।) f) Why does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening  use repetition?   The poem repeats its last two lines. It says, "And miles to go before I sleep" two times. This is done to show how big the speaker's duties are. It shows us that his life's journey is very long. The repetition feels like a quiet chant. It makes his decision to leave the woods feel very strong. It shows the powerful feeling of duty is stronger than his desire to rest. (কবিতাটি তার শেষ দুটি পংক্তিতে, "এবং ঘুমানোর আগে মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে," পুনরাবৃত্তি ব্যবহার করে বক্তার অপরিসীম দায়িত্ব এবং জীবনের দীর্ঘ যাত্রাকে জোর দেওয়ার জন্য । পুনরাবৃত্তিটি একটি মন্ত্রের মতো কাজ করে, যা প্রলোভনসঙ্কুল জঙ্গল ছেড়ে যাওয়ার তার সিদ্ধান্তকে দৃঢ় করে এবং ইচ্ছার উপর কর্তব্যের শক্তিশালী টানকে আরও জোরদার করে ।) g) What contrast does Solitude  make between joy and despair?   The poem "Solitude" shows a very clear difference between joy and sadness. It shows joy as something we do in public with other people. It attracts friends to us ("Rejoice, and men will seek you"). But it shows sadness, or despair, as a private feeling. It is something that makes us feel alone and pushes others away ("Grieve, and they turn and go"). This forces a person to face their pain by themselves. ("সলিটিউড" আনন্দ এবং হতাশার মধ্যে একটি তীব্র বৈসাদৃশ্য তৈরি করে, আনন্দকে একটি সর্বজনীন, সাম্প্রদায়িক অভিজ্ঞতা হিসাবে উপস্থাপন করে যা অন্যদের আকর্ষণ করে ("আনন্দ করো, এবং মানুষ তোমাকে খুঁজবে") । বিপরীতে, এটি হতাশাকে একটি ব্যক্তিগত, বিচ্ছিন্ন অবস্থা হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে যা সঙ্গকে বিকর্ষণ করে ("শোক করো, এবং তারা মুখ ফিরিয়ে চলে যাবে"), যা একজনকে একাই এটি সহ্য করতে বাধ্য করে ।) Set 10 a) What is Whitman’s tone at the conclusion of O Me! O Life! ?   At the end of the poem, Whitman's tone is very hopeful and strong. The poem starts with a feeling of sadness and doubt. But it changes in a big way. The end of the poem has a tone of hope and purpose. It celebrates the simple idea that we are alive. And it celebrates the power that each person has to add something good and meaningful to the world. (কবিতার উপসংহারে হুইটম্যানের সুর শক্তিশালীভাবে আশাবাদী এবং সমর্থনসূচক । হতাশা এবং সন্দেহের সুর দিয়ে শুরু করার পর, এটি নাটকীয়ভাবে উদ্দেশ্য এবং আশার সুরে পরিবর্তিত হয় । এটি অস্তিত্বের সহজ সত্য এবং ব্যক্তির অর্থপূর্ণ কিছু অবদান রাখার ক্ষমতাকে উদযাপন করে ।) b) How does Books  suggest the influence of books on children?   The poem says that books have a very deep and special power over children. They help shape how children see the world and what they imagine. The poem describes a room full of books as a "magic box". This idea means that reading gives children many adventures that never end. Reading also gives them new things to learn. It gives them new ways to see the world. All of these things make their minds and their lives much richer. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে শিশুদের উপর বইয়ের একটি গভীর এবং জাদুকরী প্রভাব রয়েছে, যা তাদের কল্পনা এবং বিশ্বদৃষ্টিকে রূপ দেয় । বইয়ে ভরা একটি ঘরকে "জাদুর বাক্স" হিসাবে উপস্থাপন করে, এটি বোঝায় যে পড়া শিশুদের অফুরন্ত অভিযান, জ্ঞান এবং দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি প্রদান করে যা তাদের মন এবং জীবনকে সমৃদ্ধ করে ।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  portray the strength of women?   The poem shows the strength of women through the second mother. This mother took on a hard job. But she gave love and support that never failed. The poem talks about her "cool and steady" hands. This is a picture of her calm and strong character. She had a quiet strength. This strength had a very big and good effect on the speaker's life. (কবিতাটি দ্বিতীয় মায়ের চরিত্রের মাধ্যমে নারীর শক্তিকে চিত্রিত করে, যিনি একটি কঠিন ভূমিকায় অবতীর্ণ হন এবং অটুট ভালোবাসা ও স্থিতিশীলতা প্রদান করেন । তার "শীতল এবং স্থির" হাত তার শান্ত, সহনশীল এবং লালনপালনকারী চরিত্রের প্রতীক, যা এক নীরব শক্তিকে মূর্ত করে যা বক্তার জীবনকে গভীরভাবে রূপ দেয় ।) d) Why does The Sands of Dee  focus on the tide’s movement?   The poem pays close attention to how the tide moves. It says the tide is "crawling" and "rolling". This makes the tide seem like a quiet and mean animal that is hunting. This focus makes us feel nervous. It also shows the power of nature that cannot be stopped. The tide comes closer and closer, silently, to take Mary's life. (কবিতাটি জোয়ারের গতিবিধির উপর আলোকপাত করে—এটিকে "হামাগুড়ি দেওয়া" এবং "ঘূর্ণায়মান" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে—এটিকে একটি গোপন এবং নির্দয় শিকারী হিসাবে ব্যক্ত করার জন্য । এই আলোকপাতটি উত্তেজনা তৈরি করে এবং প্রকৃতির অপ্রতিরোধ্য শক্তিকে জোর দেয়, যা নীরবে এবং অনিবার্যভাবে মেরি'র জীবন দাবি করতে এগিয়ে আসে ।) e) What does the poet’s plea to time reveal in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet's begging shows a deep feeling that all people have. It is the desire to keep beautiful and happy things safe. We know that things get old and are lost. By begging the "gipsy man" to not take away the beautiful things in the world, the poet shows a sad feeling for the past. He shows that he knows life is short and does not last forever. (কবির আবেদন ক্ষয় এবং ক্ষতির নিশ্চয়তার বিরুদ্ধে সৌন্দর্য এবং সুখকে রক্ষা করার এক গভীর মানবিক আকাঙ্ক্ষাকে প্রকাশ করে । "জিপসি ম্যান"-কে বিশ্বের সুন্দর জিনিসগুলিকে রেহাই দেওয়ার জন্য অনুরোধ করে, কবি এক সর্বজনীন nostalgia এবং জীবনের ক্ষণস্থায়ী প্রকৃতির এক মর্মস্পর্শী সচেতনতা প্রকাশ করেন ।) f) Why does the poet continue his journey in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The poet keeps going on his journey because he remembers his duties. He remembers all the things he has to do in the world. He says this in the line, "But I have promises to keep". This feeling of duty is stronger than his wish to rest. It is stronger than his desire to escape into the beautiful, dark woods. This feeling of responsibility makes him move forward. (কবি তার যাত্রা চালিয়ে যান কারণ তিনি বিশ্বের প্রতি তার কর্তব্য এবং বাধ্যবাধকতাকে স্বীকার করেন, যা "কিন্তু আমার প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করতে হবে" এই পংক্তিতে সংক্ষিপ্ত করা হয়েছে । এই দায়িত্ববোধ সুন্দর, অন্ধকার জঙ্গলে বিশ্রাম নেওয়া এবং পালিয়ে যাওয়ার প্রলোভনকে ছাড়িয়ে যায়, যা তাকে এগিয়ে যেতে বাধ্য করে ।) g) What does Solitude  say about the selfishness of human relationships?   The poem "Solitude" suggests that many relationships between people are based on selfishness. People like to be with others when they can share in happy times and success. The poem says, "For men must borrow of your mirth" (or happiness). But people do not want to share the weight of sadness. This shows that people often look for friends to get something for themselves, not to give real support to each other. ("সলিটিউড" ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে মানব সম্পর্কগুলি প্রায়শই স্বার্থপরতার উপর ভিত্তি করে । মানুষ অন্যদের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় তাদের আনন্দ এবং সাফল্য ভাগ করে নেওয়ার জন্য ("কারণ মানুষদের তোমার আনন্দ ধার করতে হবে") , কিন্তু তারা দুঃখের বোঝা ভাগ করে নিতে অনিচ্ছুক । এটি পারস্পরিক সমর্থনের চেয়ে ব্যক্তিগত লাভের জন্য সম্পর্ক খোঁজার মানুষের প্রবণতাকে প্রকাশ করে ।)   Set 11 a) What realization does O Me! O Life!  lead to? The poem helps us understand a very important idea. It shows that the value of life is not found by asking why it is so hard. Instead, we find life's value by feeling sure that our own life is important. We must believe we have a purpose. The final big idea is that every single person has the power and meaning to "contribute a verse." This means we can all add our own good part to the great story of life. (কবিতাটি আমাদের একটি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ধারণা বুঝতে সাহায্য করে। এটি দেখায় যে জীবনের মূল্য কেন এত কঠিন তা প্রশ্ন করে পাওয়া যায় না। বরং, আমরা জীবনের মূল্য খুঁজে পাই আমাদের নিজের জীবনের গুরুত্ব সম্পর্কে নিশ্চিত হয়ে। আমাদের অবশ্যই বিশ্বাস করতে হবে যে আমাদের একটি উদ্দেশ্য আছে। চূড়ান্ত বড় ধারণাটি হলো যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তিরই "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করার" ক্ষমতা এবং অর্থ রয়েছে। এর মানে হলো আমরা সবাই জীবনের মহান গল্পে আমাদের নিজেদের ভালো অংশ যোগ করতে পারি।) b) How does Books  capture the timelessness of stories?   The poem "Books" shows that stories can last forever and never get old. It describes them as treasures kept inside a "magic box." We can open this box at any time in our lives. The stories and the characters inside the books do not age or disappear. They are always there, like constant friends. They can take a reader on a journey to different times, making the stories feel like they will live forever. ("বই" কবিতাটি দেখায় যে গল্প চিরকাল স্থায়ী হতে পারে এবং কখনও পুরানো হয় না। এটি গল্পগুলোকে একটি "জাদুর বাক্সে" রাখা সম্পদের মতো বর্ণনা করে। আমরা আমাদের জীবনের যেকোনো সময় এই বাক্সটি খুলতে পারি। বইয়ের ভেতরের গল্প এবং চরিত্রগুলোর বয়স বাড়ে না বা হারিয়ে যায় না। তারা ধ্রুবক বন্ধুর মতো সবসময় সেখানে থাকে। তারা পাঠককে বিভিন্ন সময়ে যাত্রায় নিয়ে যেতে পারে, যা গল্পগুলোকে চিরন্তন করে তোলে।) c) What emotions does Two Mothers Remembered emphasize?   The poem focuses on very deep and quiet feelings. It most strongly shows the feelings of being thankful, of loving someone, and of having a gentle respect. The way the speaker talks about the second mother is full of warmth and thanks. The poem helps us feel a very deep connection. This connection was built on love and care that was given every day, not just on being related by blood. (কবিতাটি খুব গভীর এবং শান্ত অনুভূতির উপর জোর দেয়। এটি সবচেয়ে জোরালোভাবে কৃতজ্ঞতা, ভালোবাসা এবং নম্র শ্রদ্ধার অনুভূতিগুলো দেখায়। বক্তা যেভাবে তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের সম্পর্কে কথা বলেন তা উষ্ণতা এবং ধন্যבאাদে পূর্ণ। কবিতাটি আমাদের একটি খুব গভীর সংযোগ অনুভব করতে সাহায্য করে। এই সংযোগটি প্রতিদিনের যত্ন এবং ভালোবাসার উপর নির্মিত হয়েছিল, কেবল রক্তের সম্পর্কের উপর ভিত্তি করে নয়।) d) What role does nature play in The Sands of Dee ? In this poem, nature acts like the bad guy or the enemy. The sea, the tide, and the fog are all parts of nature. They are shown as beautiful, but they are also very deadly and cruel. They are powerful forces that do not care at all about human life. Nature is the agent that causes Mary's very sad fate. This shows how weak and helpless people can be against nature's power. (এই কবিতায়, প্রকৃতি ভিলেন বা শত্রুর ভূমিকা পালন করে। সমুদ্র, জোয়ার এবং কুয়াশা সবই প্রকৃতির অংশ। সেগুলোকে সুন্দর হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে, কিন্তু সেগুলো খুব মারাত্মক এবং নিষ্ঠুরও। সেগুলো শক্তিশালী শক্তি যা মানব জীবন সম্পর্কে মোটেও পরোয়া করে না। প্রকৃতিই মেরির করুণ পরিণতির নির্দয় কারণ। এটি দেখায় যে প্রকৃতির শক্তির বিরুদ্ধে মানুষ কতটা দুর্বল এবং অসহায়।) e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  reflect nostalgia?   The poem shows a strong feeling of sadness for the past, which is called nostalgia. We see this feeling in the way the poet begs time to stop its journey. He wants time to spare the beautiful things from the past. He lists things like "sweet girls," "brave boys," and "bright swords." This creates a powerful feeling of wishing for a young and lively past that has been lost forever as time marched on. (কবিতাটি অতীতের জন্য এক গভীর দুঃখের অনুভূতি প্রতিফলিত করে, যাকে נוסטלגיה বলা হয়। আমরা এই অনুভূতিটি কবির সময়কে থামানোর মরিয়া অনুরোধের মাধ্যমে দেখতে পাই। তিনি চান সময় যেন অতীতের সুন্দর জিনিসগুলোকে রক্ষা করে। তিনি "মিষ্টি মেয়ে," "সাহসী ছেলে," এবং "উজ্জ্বল তলোয়ার"-এর মতো জিনিসগুলোর তালিকা করেন। এটি একটি প্রাণবন্ত যৌবনের জন্য এক শক্তিশালী আকাঙ্ক্ষা জাগায় যা সময়ের নিরলস অগ্রযাত্রায় হারিয়ে গেছে।) f) What does the traveler represent in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The traveler in the poem is a picture of any ordinary person who is making their way through life. He is caught between two feelings. He has a desire to rest and enjoy a moment of peace and beauty (which is the woods). But he also feels the pull of his duties and the jobs he has to do for society (his "promises to keep"). This shows a common problem for all humans: the struggle between what we want for ourselves and what we must do for others. (ভ্রমণকারী জীবনের পথে চলা একজন সাধারণ মানুষকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। সে বিশ্রাম, সৌন্দর্য এবং শান্ত প্রতিফলনের আকাঙ্ক্ষা (জঙ্গল) এবং সামাজিক বাধ্যবাধকতা ও দায়িত্বের ("প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার") চাহিদার মধ্যে আটকা পড়েছে। এটি ব্যক্তিগত ইচ্ছা এবং কর্তব্যের মধ্যেকার সর্বজনীন মানব দ্বন্দ্বকে প্রতীকায়িত করে।) g) How does Solitude  contrast shared happiness and private sorrow?   The poem shows a big difference between happy times and sad times. It says that happiness is something we share with other people. It is a public feeling that brings people to us ("laugh, and the world laughs with you"). But sadness is a private and lonely feeling. It is a heavy thing that we must carry all alone ("weep, and you weep alone"). This highlights that people’s friendship is often not steady and can change. (কবিতাটি সুখকে একটি ভাগ করে নেওয়া, সর্বজনীন অভিজ্ঞতা হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে যা মানুষকে আকর্ষণ করে ("হাসো, এবং বিশ্ব তোমার সাথে হাসবে"), যখন দুঃখ একটি ব্যক্তিগত, বিচ্ছিন্ন বোঝা যা একজনকে একাই সহ্য করতে হয় ("কাঁদো, এবং তুমি একাই কাঁদবে") - এভাবে এদের মধ্যে বৈসাদৃশ্য তৈরি করে, যা মানব সঙ্গের শর্তাধীন প্রকৃতিকে তুলে ধরে।) Set 12 a) How does O Me! O Life!  highlight human imperfections?   The poem shows that people are not perfect. It does this by making a list of problems. It mentions "the endless trains of the faithless," "cities filled with the foolish," and the speaker's own feelings of doubt that keep coming back. By saying that these problems are a normal part of being human, the poem gets us ready for its happy ending. The happy ending is that life is still good and has value, even with all these problems. (কবিতাটি "বিশ্বাসহীনের অন্তহীন সারি," "মূর্খে ভরা শহর," এবং বক্তার নিজের পুনরাবৃত্ত আত্ম-সন্দেহের তালিকা করে মানুষের অপূর্ণতাগুলিকে তুলে ধরে। এই ত্রুটিগুলিকে মানব পরিস্থিতির অংশ হিসাবে স্বীকার করে, কবিতাটি তার উদ্দীপক উপসংহারের জন্য মঞ্চ তৈরি করে যে এগুলি সত্ত্বেও জীবনের মূল্য রয়েছে।) b) Why does the poet call books a "magic box" in the poem Books ?   The poet calls books a "magic box" because they hold so many amazing things and great adventures inside their pages. Just like a real magic box with tricks, opening a book can magically take the reader to new worlds. It can let you meet interesting people. It can show you new things that seem amazing and wonderful. All of this can come from just one small book. (কবি বইকে "জাদুর বাক্স" বলেছেন কারণ তাদের পৃষ্ঠাগুলির মধ্যে অগণিত বিস্ময় এবং অভিযান রয়েছে। একটি কৌশলের বাক্সের মতো, একটি বই খোলা পাঠককে জাদুকরীর মতো বিভিন্ন জগতে নিয়ে যেতে পারে, তাদের আকর্ষণীয় চরিত্রের সাথে পরিচয় করিয়ে দিতে পারে, এবং এমন জ্ঞান প্রকাশ করতে পারে যা fantástico বলে মনে হয়, সবই একটি ছোট বস্তু থেকে।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  explore the theme of role reversal?   The poem looks at the idea of roles changing places. The speaker is now a grown-up, and she is thinking about when she was a child. Back then, she was the one who was taken care of. But now, it seems like her second mother is older and needs care, almost like a child. This change shows the normal circles of life. It also shows how relationships in a family can change over the years. (কবিতাটি ভূমিকা পরিবর্তনের বিষয়টি অন্বেষণ করে যখন বক্তা, এখন একজন প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক, তার শৈশবের উপর আলোকপাত করে। সে এখন যত্নশীলের ভূমিকা নিয়েছে ("আমি, যার যত্ন নেওয়া হতো"), এবং তার দ্বিতীয় মা একটি শিশুর মতো নির্ভরশীল হয়ে পড়েছেন। এই পরিবর্তন জীবনের প্রাকৃতিক চক্র এবং পারিবারিক সম্পর্কের পরিবর্তনশীল গতিশীলতাকে তুলে ধরে।) d) What is the significance of the grave by the sea in The Sands of Dee ?   The grave next to the sea is important. It is important because it is always there to remind us of Mary's sad story. It is a constant reminder of the sea's power to destroy. The grave puts a physical mark on the land that tells her story. This makes sure that people will not forget her. It also makes sure they will not forget the warning about the dangerous sea. (সমুদ্রের ধারে কবরটি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ কারণ এটি মেরি'র ভাগ্য এবং সমুদ্রের ধ্বংসাত্মক শক্তির একটি ধ্রুবক, করুণ অনুস্মারক হিসাবে কাজ করে। এটি তার ক্ষতির গল্প দিয়ে ভূদৃশ্যটিকে শারীরিকভাবে চিহ্নিত করে, যা নিশ্চিত করে যে তার স্মৃতি এবং বিপজ্জনক জোয়ারের সতর্কবার্তা ভুলে যাওয়া হবে না।) e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  suggest about the fleeting nature of time?   The poem strongly suggests that time passes very quickly. It shows time as a "gipsy man" who is always moving and never waits for anyone. The picture of his wagon "rattling and jolting" away makes us feel how time is always moving forward and cannot be stopped. This makes the present moment feel very, very short and temporary. (কবিতাটি সময়কে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে ব্যক্ত করে, যে সর্বদা চলমান এবং কারও জন্য অপেক্ষা করবে না, এর মাধ্যমে powerfully ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সময় ক্ষণস্থায়ী। তার ক্যারাভ্যান "ঝাঁকুনি দিয়ে" চলে যাওয়ার চিত্রকল্প মুহূর্তগুলির ধ্রুবক, অপ্রতিরোধ্য উত্তরণকে জোর দেয়, যা বর্তমানকে অবিশ্বাস্যভাবে সংক্ষিপ্ত এবং ক্ষণস্থায়ী মনে করায়।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening depict solitude and contemplation?   The poem shows solitude, or being alone, as a time of peaceful and deep thinking. The speaker is by himself in the quiet, dark woods. This quiet place is far away from the noise of the world. It gives him a special moment to think about nature, beauty, his own wishes, and his journey through life. Being alone here is not a sad thing. It is a special time for deep thoughts. (কবিতাটি নির্জনতাকে শান্তিপূর্ণ, গভীর চিন্তাভাবনার একটি অবস্থা হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে। বক্তা, নীরব, অন্ধকার জঙ্গলে একা, বিশ্বের কোলাহল থেকে দূরে, যা তাকে প্রকৃতি, সৌন্দর্য, ইচ্ছা এবং তার নিজের জীবনের যাত্রা নিয়ে প্রতিফলনের এক বিরল মুহূর্ত দেয়। এখানকার নির্জনতা একাকীত্ব নয়, বরং গভীর চিন্তার জন্য একটি স্থান।) g) What lesson does Solitude  convey about human companionship?   The poem teaches a hard lesson. The lesson is that friendships with people are often not very deep. They can change depending on the situation. It teaches that people will be happy to share your good times and success. But they will quickly leave you when you are sad. This suggests that we should not expect other people to always be there to support us. (কবিতাটি একটি নিন্দামূলক শিক্ষা দেয় যে মানব সঙ্গ প্রায়শই শর্তসাপেক্ষ এবং বাহ্যিক। এটি শেখায় যে মানুষ সাফল্য এবং সুখ ভাগ করে নিতে আগ্রহী কিন্তু দুঃখের সময়ে অন্যদের ত্যাগ করতে দ্রুত, যা ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে বিশ্বের কাছ থেকে অটুট সমর্থন আশা করা উচিত নয়।) Set 13 a) How does O Me! O Life!  inspire readers to take action?   The poem encourages readers to do something with their lives. It changes our focus. First, we feel sad about the world's problems. Then, the poem shows us the power of what one person can do. The last line says, "That you may contribute a verse." This is like a direct order to take action. It tells every reader to be an active part of life and to add their own special value to the world. (কবিতাটি বিশ্বের ত্রুটি সম্পর্কে হতাশা থেকে মনোযোগ সরিয়ে ব্যক্তিগত অবদানের শক্তির দিকে নিয়ে গিয়ে পাঠকদের কাজ করতে অনুপ্রাণিত করে। শেষ পংক্তি, "যাতে তুমি একটি শ্লোক যোগ করতে পারো," সরাসরি কর্মের আহ্বান হিসাবে কাজ করে, যা প্রতিটি পাঠককে জীবনে সক্রিয়ভাবে অংশগ্রহণ করতে এবং তাদের নিজস্ব অনন্য মূল্য যোগ করতে অনুরোধ করে।) b) What is the poet’s attitude toward books in Books ? The poet feels a great deal of respect and wonder for books. He also feels a deep love for them. He calls books a "magic box". He calls a room full of books "a lovely world". By using these words, the poet shows how much he admires the power of books. He loves that they can fill us with wonder, teach us new things, and be our friends for our whole lives. (কবির মনোভাব হলো শ্রদ্ধা, বিস্ময় এবং গভীর স্নেহের। বইকে "জাদুর বাক্স" এবং বইয়ে ভরা একটি ঘরকে "একটি সুন্দর জগৎ" বলে, কবি বইয়ের মুগ্ধ করার, শিক্ষিত করার এবং আজীবন সঙ্গ দেওয়ার ক্ষমতার প্রতি এক গভীর প্রশংসা প্রকাশ করেন।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  present themes of devotion?   The poem shows the idea of being devoted through the speaker's loving memories. He remembers his second mother with great love. He remembers small details about her, like her steady hands and her gentle care. He remembers that she was always there. This shows that the mother gave her love without asking for anything back. And now, the speaker gives back that same devotion by remembering her with so much love. (কবিতাটি বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের প্রতি তার স্নেহময় স্মৃতির মাধ্যমে ভক্তির বিষয়বস্তু উপস্থাপন করে। মায়ের স্থির হাত, কোমল যত্ন এবং ধ্রুবক উপস্থিতির তার বিশদ স্মৃতিচারণ মায়ের পক্ষ থেকে এক জীবনব্যাপী নিঃস্বার্থ ভক্তিকে চিত্রিত করে, যা বক্তার নিজের ভক্তিমূলক স্মরণ দ্বারা প্রতিদান পায়।) d) Why is the tide an important element in The Sands of Dee ?   The tide is a very important part of this poem. It is the main bad thing and the cause of the sad event. The tide's "cruel crawling foam" is a picture of nature's mean and tricky power. The tide keeps moving and cannot be stopped. Its movement controls the whole story of the poem. It leads to Mary's death and decides her sad fate. (জোয়ার একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উপাদান কারণ এটি প্রাথমিক প্রতিপক্ষ এবং 悲剧 (tragedy)-র এজেন্ট হিসাবে কাজ করে। এর "নিষ্ঠুর হামাগুড়ি দেওয়া ফেনা" প্রকৃতির প্রতারণামূলক এবং নির্দয় শক্তিকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। জোয়ারের অপ্রতিরোধ্য গতি কবিতার কাহিনীকে নির্দেশ করে, যা মেরি'র মৃত্যুর দিকে নিয়ে যায় এবং তার ভাগ্যকে সীলমোহর করে।) e) What role does time play in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ? In this poem, time has the role of a powerful force that never stops. It does not care about our feelings. It controls the circle of life, beauty, and death. Time is shown as the "gipsy man". It is always moving forward. It takes away youth, beauty, and life. It is a strong reminder that we will not live forever and that all things must end. (কবিতায় সময় একটি ধ্রুবক, উদাসীন শক্তির ভূমিকা পালন করে যা জীবন এবং সৌন্দর্যের চক্রকে নিয়ন্ত্রণ করে। "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে, এটি একটি সক্রিয় এজেন্ট যা নিরলসভাবে এগিয়ে চলে, যৌবন, সৌন্দর্য এবং জীবন কেড়ে নেয় এবং সমস্ত কিছুর নশ্বরতা এবং ক্ষণস্থায়ী প্রকৃতির এক শক্তিশালী অনুস্মারক হিসাবে কাজ করে।) f) What makes the woods so captivating in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The woods are so attractive because they are a perfect, peaceful place to escape from the world. They are described as "lovely, dark and deep". The world is very quiet there. The snow is falling gently. All of this together creates a beautiful and almost magical feeling. The speaker finds this feeling of pure, calm beauty to be very wonderful. (জঙ্গলটি আকর্ষণীয় কারণ এটি বিশ্ব থেকে এক নিখুঁত, শান্তিপূর্ণ পলায়ন প্রদান করে। "সুন্দর, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর" হওয়ার সংমিশ্রণ, গভীর নীরবতা এবং তুষারের মৃদু পতনের সাথে, বিশুদ্ধ, শান্ত সৌন্দর্যের এক মুগ্ধকর এবং প্রায় সম্মোহিতকর পরিবেশ তৈরি করে।) g) What social observation does Solitude  make? The poem makes an observation about how people act in society. It observes that people are drawn to happy and good things. But they are pushed away by sad and bad things. The poem notes that people will gather around you to share your happiness (like when you "laugh" or "sing"). But these same people will quickly leave when you are facing sadness or hard times (like when you "weep" or "grieve"). (কবিতাটি এই সামাজিক পর্যবেক্ষণ করে যে সমাজ মৌলিকভাবে ইতিবাচকতার প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় এবং নেতিবাচকতা দ্বারা বিকর্ষিত হয়। এটি পর্যবেক্ষণ করে যে মানুষ কারও আনন্দ এবং সাফল্যে ভাগ করে নিতে ভিড় করবে ("হাসো," "আনন্দ করো," "গাও") কিন্তু কারও দুঃখ বা কষ্টের মুখোমুখি হলে দ্রুত অদৃশ্য হয়ে যাবে ("কাঁদো," "শোক করো," "দীর্ঘশ্বাস ফেলো")।) Set 14 a)  What key message does O Me! O Life!  convey?   b)  The main message is that every single person's life has a purpose and is valuable. This is true even though the world is not perfect. It is true even when we feel full of doubt about ourselves. The purpose of life is to be a part of it. The purpose is to add your own special "verse" to the big, ongoing poem of life. (মূল বার্তাটি হলো, বিশ্বের অপূর্ণতা এবং নিজের সন্দেহের অনুভূতি সত্ত্বেও প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির জীবনের অন্তর্নিহিত উদ্দেশ্য এবং মূল্য রয়েছে। জীবনের উদ্দেশ্য হলো এতে অংশগ্রহণ করা এবং অস্তিত্বের চলমান কবিতায় আপনার নিজস্ব অনন্য "শ্লোক" যোগ করা।) b) How does Books  celebrate the power of storytelling?   The poem "Books" celebrates how powerful stories can be. It does this by showing books as magical boxes. These boxes hold endless worlds and adventures. The idea that you can find "anything you want" inside a book is important. It shows that stories have the power to make our imaginations light up. They help us feel for others. And they can take us to places beyond our own small lives. ("বই" বইকে অসীম জগৎ এবং অভিযানের জাদুকরী আধার হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে গল্প বলার শক্তিকে উদযাপন করে। তাদের ভিতরে "যা কিছু আপনি চান" পাওয়া যেতে পারে এই ধারণাটি তুলে ধরে যে কীভাবে গল্পের ক্ষমতা আছে কল্পনাকে প্রজ্বলিত করার, সহানুভূতি বাড়ানোর এবং পাঠকদের তাদের নিজেদের জীবনের সীমাবদ্ধতার বাইরে নিয়ে যাওয়ার।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  depict the process of remembering?   The poem shows that remembering is a very warm and personal thing. It is connected to our senses. The speaker does not just remember facts about her mother. She remembers the feeling  of her mother's "cool and steady" hands. She remembers the look of the "old silk dress". And she remembers the sound of her gentle voice. This shows that real memory is connected to our feelings and what we can see, hear, and touch. (কবিতাটি স্মরণ করাকে একটি উষ্ণ, সংবেদনশীল এবং গভীরভাবে ব্যক্তিগত প্রক্রিয়া হিসাবে চিত্রিত করে। বক্তা কেবল তথ্য স্মরণ করেন না; তিনি তার মায়ের "শীতল এবং স্থির" হাতের অনুভূতি, "পুরানো রেশমি পোশাক," এবং তার কোমল কণ্ঠস্বর স্মরণ করেন। এটি দেখায় যে সত্যিকারের স্মরণ আবেগ এবং সংবেদনশীল ವಿವರগুলির (details)-এর সাথে বাঁধা।) d) What emotions are evoked by The Sands of Dee ? The poem "The Sands of Dee" makes us feel strong emotions. It makes us feel very sad. We feel sorry for the girl. And we feel a spooky kind of fear. The reader feels sorry for the innocent girl, Mary. We feel sad because she died in a tragic way. And we feel a fear that stays with us because of the spooky picture of her ghost's call. It echoes across the foggy beach. ("দ্য স্যান্ডস অফ ডি" দুঃখ, করুণা এবং এক ভুতুড়ে ভয়ের শক্তিশালী আবেগ জাগায়। পাঠক নিষ্পাপ মেরি'র জন্য করুণা অনুভব করে, তার মর্মান্তিক মৃত্যুর জন্য দুঃখ অনুভব করে, এবং কুয়াশাচ্ছন্ন বালির উপর প্রতিধ্বনিত তার ভৌতিক ডাকের ভুতুড়ে চিত্রকল্প থেকে এক দীর্ঘস্থায়ী ভয় অনুভব করে।) e) How does the poet address the idea of fleeting time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet talks about time passing quickly by speaking directly to time. He pictures time as a person, a "gipsy man". He does not just talk about time passing. He begs it to stop. He lists the special things that time is stealing from the world. This makes the idea of time passing quickly feel like a very personal and sad struggle for the poet. (কবি সময়কে একজন ব্যক্তিস্বরূপ "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে সরাসরি মুখোমুখি হয়ে ক্ষণস্থায়ী সময়ের ধারণাকে সম্বোধন করেন। তিনি কেবল সময়ের উত্তরণ বর্ণনা করেন না; তিনি সক্রিয়ভাবে এর সাথে অনুরোধ করেন, এটি যে মূল্যবান জিনিসগুলি চুরি করছে তার তালিকা করেন, এবং তাকে থাকার জন্য অনুরোধ করেন, যা ক্ষণস্থায়ী সময়ের ধারণাকে একটি ব্যক্তিগত এবং আবেগপূর্ণ সংগ্রামে পরিণত করে।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening explore obligations?   The poem looks at our duties as the strong force that pulls the speaker back to the real world. He is on the edge of a peaceful escape. The repetition of the line "And miles to go before I sleep" is very important. It shows that these duties ("promises to keep") are not just small jobs. They are a very big and basic part of his life's journey that he knows he must finish. (কবিতাটি বাধ্যবাধকতাকে এমন শক্তি হিসাবে অন্বেষণ করে যা বক্তাকে শান্তিপূর্ণ পলায়নবাদের দ্বারপ্রান্ত থেকে বাস্তবে ফিরিয়ে আনে। "এবং ঘুমানোর আগে মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে" এর পুনরাবৃত্তি জোর দেয় যে এই বাধ্যবাধকতাগুলি ("প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার") কেবল কাজ নয়, বরং তার জীবনের যাত্রার একটি মৌলিক অংশ যা তাকে সম্মান করতে হবে।) g) What is the deeper meaning of Solitude ? The deeper meaning of the poem "Solitude" is a comment on how most human friendships are not very deep. It suggests that finding a true friend who will stay with you in good times and in bad times is very, very rare. The poem suggests that in the end, we must be ready to face the biggest sadnesses in our lives all by ourselves. ("সলিটিউড"-এর গভীর অর্থ হলো বেশিরভাগ মানব সম্পর্কের অগভীরতার উপর একটি মন্তব্য। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সত্যিকারের, সহানুভূতিশীল সঙ্গ যা ভালো এবং খারাপ উভয় সময়েই টিকে থাকে তা ব্যতিক্রমীভাবে বিরল, এবং শেষ পর্যন্ত, একজনকে জীবনের সবচেয়ে বড় দুঃখগুলি একাই মোকাবিলা করার জন্য প্রস্তুত থাকতে হবে।) Set 15 a) How does O Me! O Life!  inspire individuals to find purpose?   The poem helps people find a reason for their lives. It does this by first showing that it understands their sad feelings. Then, it gives a very simple but powerful answer: be a part of life. It suggests that our purpose is not something we find somewhere out in the world. Instead, it is something we make. We make our purpose by adding our own special "verse" to the world. (কবিতাটি ব্যক্তিদের হতাশার অনুভূতিকে বৈধতা দিয়ে এবং তারপর একটি সহজ কিন্তু গভীর সমাধান প্রদান করে উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে পেতে অনুপ্রাণিত করে: অংশগ্রহণ। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে উদ্দেশ্য বাইরে থেকে খুঁজে পাওয়ার মতো কিছু নয়, বরং বিশ্বে নিজের অনন্য "শ্লোক" যোগ করে তৈরি করার মতো কিছু।) b) How does Books  describe the emotional connection with books?   The poem "Books" describes our feeling for books as one of wonder. It also describes it as a kind of friendship. The "magic" of books creates a deep feeling of interest and happiness. Because books are always there to give us adventure and new things to learn, they become like good friends we can trust. This creates a bond that makes a reader's emotional life much richer. ("বই" আবেগপূর্ণ সংযোগকে বিস্ময় এবং সঙ্গের এক হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে। বইয়ের "জাদু" এক গভীর মুগ্ধতা এবং আনন্দের অনুভূতি তৈরি করে। অভিযান এবং জ্ঞানের ধ্রুবক উৎস হওয়ায়, বই বিশ্বস্ত বন্ধুর মতো হয়ে ওঠে, যা পাঠকের আবেগপূর্ণ জীবনকে সমৃদ্ধ করে এমন একটি বন্ধন তৈরি করে।) c) What does Two Mothers Remembered  reveal about the passage of time?   The poem shows that as time passes, many things change. Our roles in life can change. Our bodies can change. But the poem also shows that the good effects of love can never be erased. The speaker and her mother have both gotten older. Their roles have switched. The child is now the one who cares for the parent. But the memories and the loving feelings between them are still as strong as they ever were. (কবিতাটি প্রকাশ করে যে সময়ের উত্তরণ ভূমিকা এবং শারীরিক বাস্তবতা পরিবর্তন করে কিন্তু ভালোবাসার প্রভাব মুছে ফেলতে পারে না। বক্তা এবং তার মা বয়স্ক হয়েছেন, যত্নশীল এবং নির্ভরশীলদের ভূমিকা পরিবর্তন করেছেন, তবুও তাদের মধ্যেকার স্মৃতি এবং আবেগপূর্ণ বন্ধন আগের মতোই শক্তিশালী এবং উজ্জ্বল রয়েছে।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  convey a sense of loss? The poem makes us feel a deep sense of loss. It does this with its sad tone and its spooky pictures. The loss of Mary is not just one sad event that happened and ended. Her loss becomes a lasting part of the place. Her sad, ghostly call is heard forever by the fishermen. This makes sure that the sadness of her being gone is never, ever forgotten. (কবিতাটি তার শোকপূর্ণ সুর এবং ভুতুড়ে চিত্রকল্পের মাধ্যমে এক গভীর ক্ষতির অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে। মেরি'র ক্ষতি কেবল একটি একক ঘটনা নয়; এটি ভূদৃশ্যের একটি স্থায়ী অংশ হয়ে যায়, যা মাঝিদের শোনা তার ভৌতিক ডাকে চিরকাল প্রতিধ্বনিত হয়, যা নিশ্চিত করে যে তার অনুপস্থিতির দুঃখ কখনো ভুলে যাওয়া হবে না।) e) Why does the poet plead with time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet begs time to stop because he knows that time has the power to destroy beautiful things and life itself. His plea is a last-ditch effort to hold on to the happy moments that pass so quickly. He wants to hold on to the feeling of being young and alive. This shows a feeling that all people have: the wish to stop the process of getting old and things fading away. (কবি সময়ের সাথে অনুরোধ করেন কারণ তিনি সৌন্দর্য এবং জীবনের উপর এর ধ্বংসাত্মক শক্তি সম্পর্কে তীব্রভাবে সচেতন। তার অনুরোধটি সুখের ক্ষণস্থায়ী মুহূর্ত এবং যৌবনের প্রাণবন্ততাকে ধরে রাখার এক মরিয়া প্রচেষ্টা, যা বার্ধক্য এবং ক্ষয়ের অনিবার্য প্রক্রিয়াকে থামানোর এক সর্বজনীন মানবিক আকাঙ্ক্ষাকে প্রকাশ করে।) f) What effect does repetition have in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The repetition of the last line, "And miles to go before I sleep," has a calming, almost sleepy effect. But it also shows us how important the line is. By repeating it, the words change from a simple statement to a deep understanding of duty. The line becomes like a personal motto. It pulls the speaker out of his daydream and puts him back on the path of his life. (শেষ পংক্তির পুনরাবৃত্তি, "এবং ঘুমানোর আগে মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে," একটি শান্ত, প্রায় সম্মোহিতকর প্রভাব ফেলে যা এর গুরুত্বকেও জোর দেয়। এটি বিবৃতিটিকে একটি সহজ সত্য থেকে কর্তব্যের এক গভীর উপলব্ধিতে রূপান্তরিত করে, যা একটি মন্ত্রের মতো কাজ করে যা বক্তাকে তার দিবাযত্ন থেকে টেনে এনে তার জীবনের পথে ফিরিয়ে আনে।) g) What is the poet’s view on social behavior in Solitude ? The poet's view is that the way people act with each other is often not very deep. He thinks it is often based on what is good for themselves. People are drawn to others to have fun and will happily share in good times. But they will naturally stay away from sharing in sad times. This shows a sad view of society. It is a group of people that wants to celebrate together, but forces each person to suffer alone. (কবির দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি হলো যে সামাজিক আচরণ মূলত বাহ্যিক এবং আত্ম-সেবামূলক। মানুষ আনন্দের জন্য অন্যদের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় এবং সানন্দে আনন্দে ভাগ করে নেয়, কিন্তু তারা সহজাতভাবে দুঃখে ভাগ করে নেওয়া এড়িয়ে চলে। এটি সমাজকে একটি সমষ্টি হিসাবে এক নিন্দামূলক দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি প্রদান করে যা ভাগ করে নেওয়া উদযাপন খোঁজে কিন্তু ব্যক্তিগত কষ্টকে চাপিয়ে দেয়।) Set 16 a) How does O Me! O Life!  reflect Whitman’s perspective on self-expression?   The poem shows us the writer's belief about showing who you are on the inside. He believed that self-expression is the biggest purpose of life. The idea of "contributing a verse" is a picture for this. It means expressing your own special self and sharing your own feelings and life story. The poem suggests that every single person's voice is very important and is needed to make the great poem of all human life complete. (কবিতাটি লেখকের আত্ম-প্রকাশ সম্পর্কিত বিশ্বাসকে প্রতিফলিত করে। তিনি বিশ্বাস করতেন যে আত্ম-প্রকাশই জীবনের চূড়ান্ত উদ্দেশ্য । "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করার" ধারণাটি হলো নিজের অনন্য সত্তা এবং অভিজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করার একটি শক্তিশালী রূপক । কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির স্বতন্ত্র কণ্ঠস্বর অস্তিত্বের মহান কবিতার জন্য অপরিহার্য ।) b) Why does the poem Books  call books treasures? The poem calls books "treasures" because they hold great value. This value is not about money or gold. It is about knowledge and feelings. Like a pirate's chest full of jewels, books are filled with priceless gems. These gems are made of knowledge, adventure, and imagination. They can make a person's life richer and better forever. (কবিতাটি বইকে "সম্পদ" বলে কারণ এগুলির 엄청 (enormous) মূল্য রয়েছে যা বস্তুগত নয়, বরং বুদ্ধিবৃত্তিক এবং আবেগপূর্ণ । জলদস্যুর ধন-সম্পদের বাক্সের মতো, এগুলি জ্ঞান, অভিযান এবং কল্পনার অমূল্য রত্নে পূর্ণ যা একজন ব্যক্তির জীবনকে চিরকালের জন্য সমৃদ্ধ করতে পারে ।) c) What message does Two Mothers Remembered  convey about caregiving?   The poem gives a message that taking care of someone with love builds the strongest family bonds. These bonds are the kind that last the longest. It shows that the act of raising a child and giving them steady support is more important than just being related by blood. This loving care is what truly shapes a person's life. It also is what makes a person feel thankful for their whole life. (কবিতাটি এই বার্তা দেয় যে ভালোবাসা এবং ভক্তির উপর ভিত্তি করে যত্ন প্রদান, সবচেয়ে শক্তিশালী এবং স্থায়ী পারিবারিক বন্ধন তৈরি করে । এটি দেখায় যে একজন ব্যক্তির জীবন গঠনে এবং তার আজীবন কৃতজ্ঞতা অর্জনে জৈবিক সম্পর্কের চেয়ে লালনপালন এবং স্থির সমর্থন প্রদানের কাজটি আরও বেশি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ ।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  explore the relationship between humans and nature?   The poem looks at the relationship between people and nature as a sad conflict. In this conflict, people are weak and can be easily hurt by nature's great power. Nature does not care about people's feelings. Mary's simple life is ended suddenly by the cruel sea. This shows that nature is not always a kind helper. It can be a very strong force that destroys things, and people have no power to control it. (কবিতাটি মানুষ এবং প্রকৃতির সম্পর্ককে সংঘাত এবং (tragedy)-র এক হিসাবে অন্বেষণ করে, যেখানে মানুষ প্রকৃতির উদাসীন শক্তির কাছে দুর্বল । মেরি'র সরল, রাখালী জীবন নিষ্ঠুর সমুদ্র দ্বারা হঠাৎ শেষ হয়ে যায়, যা চিত্রিত করে যে প্রকৃতি সর্বদা এক হিতৈষী শক্তি নয়, বরং এক ধ্বংসাত্মক শক্তি হতে পারে যা মানুষ নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারে না ।) e) Why does the poet ask time to "stay just for a day" in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet asks time to "stay just for a day" to show how strongly he feels. He deeply wishes he could pause the moments of life that fly by so fast. This is a very small request, but he knows it is impossible to get. This shows how powerless he is against time. It also shows his deep wish to enjoy the beauty of right now, even for a short while, before it is gone forever. (কবি সময়কে "কেবল একদিনের জন্য থাকতে" বলেন তার জীবনের ক্ষণস্থায়ী মুহূর্তগুলিকে থামানোর তীব্র আকাঙ্ক্ষাকে জোর দেওয়ার জন্য । এই ছোট, অসম্ভব অনুরোধটি তার অসহায়ত্বকে তুলে ধরে এবং অনিবার্যভাবে হারিয়ে যাওয়ার আগে, এমনকি অল্প সময়ের জন্য, বর্তমানের সৌন্দর্য উপভোগ করার এক গভীর আকাঙ্ক্ষা প্রকাশ করে ।) f) What does the phrase "promises to keep" signify in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ? The phrase "promises to keep" stands for all the speaker's duties and responsibilities. These are the jobs he must do for other people and for himself. These promises are the social and moral duties that pull him back to his journey. They are stronger than his desire to rest in the quiet woods. They keep him grounded and focused on his path in life. ("প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার" বাক্যাংশটি বক্তার অন্যদের প্রতি এবং নিজের প্রতি কর্তব্য, দায়িত্ব এবং অঙ্গীকারকে বোঝায় । এই প্রতিশ্রুতিগুলি সামাজিক এবং নৈতিক বাধ্যবাধকতাকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে যা তাকে বিশ্রাম এবং নির্জনতার আকর্ষণ থেকে দূরে সরিয়ে দেয়, তাকে তার জীবনের যাত্রায় ভিত্তি স্থাপন করে ।) g) What does Solitude  suggest about human selfishness?   The poem suggests that being selfish is a very basic part of how people act with one another. It says that people will come to you quickly to share in your good times, because it makes them feel good. But these same people will leave you when you are sad. They do not want to share the heavy weight of your problems. This shows that people often act in ways that help only themselves. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে মানুষের স্বার্থপরতা সামাজিক আচরণের একটি মৌলিক দিক । এটি দাবি করে যে মানুষ আপনার আনন্দে ("mirth") ভাগ করে নেওয়ার জন্য আপনাকে "খুঁজতে" দ্রুত কারণ এটি তাদের উপকার করে, কিন্তু তারা শোকের সময়ে "মুখ ফিরিয়ে চলে যায়," বোঝা ভাগ করে নিতে অনিচ্ছুক, এভাবেই তারা স্বার্থপরতার বশবর্তী হয়ে কাজ করে ।)

English Poems: Practice Questions for Class 9 & 10 - 1 Set 1 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! encourage self-examination? b) What does Books suggest about the role of books in shaping minds? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered illustrate gratitude? d) How does The Sands of Dee create a tragic atmosphere? e) What does time symbolize in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) Why is the journey unfinished in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude compare different human experiences?   Set 2 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does "O Me! O Life!" emphasize the significance of life’s struggles? b) What does "Books" suggest about the influence of books on children? c) How does "Two Mothers Remembered" highlight the bond between mother and child? d) Why does the repetition of "call the cattle home" matter in "The Sands of Dee"? e) What does "Time, You Old Gipsy Man" say about the inevitability of change? f) How does "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" portray the allure of nature? g) Why does "Solitude" mention “the hills will answer”?   Set 3 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What question does O Me! O Life! ask the reader? b) How does Books describe the transformative effect of reading? c) What does Two Mothers Remembered suggest about memory and loss? d) How does The Sands of Dee depict tragedy? e) Why does the poet plead for time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What does the setting symbolize in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) What does Solitude reveal about human emotions?     Set 4 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) Why does O Me! O Life! emphasize the role of an individual? b) How does Books describe books as an adventure? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered reflect on generational bonds? d) How does The Sands of Dee use sound to create atmosphere? e) What is the poet’s relationship with time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) What internal conflict does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening show? g) What does Solitude teach about life’s ups and downs?   Set 5 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What is the poet’s message in O Me! O Life!? b) Why does Books refer to reading as a magical experience? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered depict emotional strength? d) What does the tide symbolize in The Sands of Dee? e) What does the poet mean by “only a moment” in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening depict solitude? g) What does Solitude suggest about finding comfort in loneliness?   Set 6 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) What does O Me! O Life! say about human resilience? b) How does Books depict books as a source of inspiration? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered highlight the theme of love and loss? d) What is the role of nature in The Sands of Dee? e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man imply about accepting change? f) What does the phrase “miles to go” mean in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening? g) How does Solitude contrast happiness and sorrow?   Set 7 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! suggest overcoming despair? b) What does "Books" suggest about the lasting impact of reading? c) How does "Two Mothers Remembered" show the strength of women? d) Why does the poet emphasize Mary's call in "The Sands of Dee"? e) How does "Time, You Old Gipsy Man" reflect the poet's emotions about aging? f) What does "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" reveal about responsibilities? g) How does "Solitude" contrast feasting and fasting?   Set 8 Answer any 5 (five) of the following questions from poems. (2×5=10)   a) How does O Me! O Life! suggest making an impact on the world? b) Why does the poet in Books refer to books as “friends”? c) How does Two Mothers Remembered reflect on aging? d) How does The Sands of Dee use repetition for effect? e) What is the poet’s view of time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man? f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening capture a sense of wonder? g) What warning does Solitude give about human behavior? Key Set 1 a) How does O Me! O Life!  encourage self-examination? The poem helps us look inside ourselves and think about our own lives. First, the poem asks many sad questions. It talks about people who have no faith. It talks about cities full of foolish people. It also talks about how hard life can be. This makes the reader feel sad. It makes us think about our own sad feelings. We start to ask, "What is the reason for my life?" After asking these hard questions, the poem gives a strong and happy answer. It says that each person is here to add something good to the world, like adding one line to a long poem. (কবিতাটি আমাদের নিজেদের ভেতরে তাকাতে এবং নিজের জীবন নিয়ে ভাবতে সাহায্য করে। প্রথমে, কবিতাটি অনেক দুঃখের প্রশ্ন করে। এটি বিশ্বাসহীন মানুষদের কথা বলে। এটি বোকা লোকে ভরা শহরের কথা বলে। এটি জীবনের কঠিন দিকগুলোও তুলে ধরে। এই কথাগুলো পাঠককে দুঃখী করে তোলে। এটি আমাদের নিজেদের দুঃখের অনুভূতি নিয়ে ভাবতে বাধ্য করে। আমরা প্রশ্ন করতে শুরু করি, "আমার জীবনের কারণ কী?" এই কঠিন প্রশ্নগুলো করার পর, কবিতাটি একটি শক্তিশালী এবং আশাবাদী উত্তর দেয়। এটি বলে যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তি এখানে পৃথিবীতে ভালো কিছু যোগ করার জন্য আছে, ঠিক যেমন একটি দীর্ঘ কবিতায় একটি লাইন যোগ করা হয়।) b) What does Books  suggest about the role of books in shaping minds?   The poem "Books" tells us that books are very important for our minds. It says books help to build our thoughts and ideas. They do this by opening up new worlds for us to see. These worlds are filled with imagination and new knowledge. The poem calls a book a "magic box." This is because a book holds wonderful things inside it. When we read, we become curious to learn more. Reading helps us love learning our whole lives. This love for learning helps build our good character and makes us smarter. ("বই" কবিতাটি আমাদের বলে যে বই আমাদের মনের জন্য খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটি বলে যে বই আমাদের চিন্তা ও ধারণা তৈরি করতে সাহায্য করে। বই আমাদের দেখার জন্য নতুন জগৎ উন্মুক্ত করে দেয়। এই জগৎগুলো কল্পনা এবং নতুন জ্ঞানে পূর্ণ। কবিতাটি একটি বইকে "জাদুর বাক্স" বলে অভিহিত করেছে। এর কারণ হলো একটি বইয়ের ভেতরে চমৎকার জিনিস থাকে। যখন আমরা বই পড়ি, আমরা আরও জানতে আগ্রহী হয়ে উঠি। বই পড়া আমাদের সারাজীবন ধরে শিখতে ভালোবাসতে সাহায্য করে। এই শেখার প্রতি ভালোবাসা আমাদের ভালো চরিত্র গঠনে সাহায্য করে এবং আমাদের আরও বুদ্ধিমান করে তোলে।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  illustrate gratitude?   This poem shows what it means to be thankful. It does this by comparing two different mothers. The speaker remembers their first mother, who gave birth to them. Then, the speaker thinks about their second mother, who raised them. The speaker feels a very deep thanks for the second mother. They remember all the good things the second mother did. She gave them care and showed them the right way. These happy memories show a deep feeling of thankfulness for her love. (এই কবিতাটি কৃতজ্ঞ বা ধন্যবাদ জানানোর অর্থ কী তা দেখায়। এটি দুইজন ভিন্ন মায়ের তুলনা করে তা দেখিয়েছে। বক্তা তার প্রথম মায়ের কথা স্মরণ করেন, যিনি তাকে জন্ম দিয়েছিলেন। তারপর, বক্তা তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের কথা ভাবেন, যিনি তাকে বড় করেছেন। বক্তা দ্বিতীয় মায়ের জন্য খুব গভীর কৃতজ্ঞতা অনুভব করেন। তিনি দ্বিতীয় মায়ের করা সমস্ত ভালো কাজের কথা মনে করেন। তিনি তাকে যত্ন দিয়েছেন এবং সঠিক পথ দেখিয়েছেন। এই সুখের স্মৃতিগুলো তার ভালোবাসার জন্য এক গভীর কৃতজ্ঞতার অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  create a tragic atmosphere?   "The Sands of Dee" makes us feel very sad. It creates a tragic feeling using spooky pictures and a sad tone. It keeps repeating a sad line about a girl named Mary. She is calling her cows to come home. The poem shows the sea's water, or tide, coming in. The tide is shown as a mean and cruel thing. The last picture we see is of Mary's body in the water after she has drowned. All of this creates a strong feeling of loss. It also makes us feel that bad things sometimes cannot be stopped. ("দ্য স্যান্ডস অফ ডি" আমাদের খুব দুঃখী করে তোলে। এটি ভুতুড়ে ছবি এবং একটি দুঃখজনক সুর ব্যবহার করে একটি করুণ অনুভূতি তৈরি করে। এটি মেরি নামের একটি মেয়ের সম্পর্কে একটি দুঃখের লাইন বারবার বলতে থাকে। সে তার গরুদের বাড়ি ফেরার জন্য ডাকছে। কবিতাটি দেখায় যে সমুদ্রের জল বা জোয়ার এগিয়ে আসছে। জোয়ারকে একটি নিষ্ঠুর এবং নির্দয় জিনিস হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে। সবশেষে আমরা যে ছবিটি দেখি তা হলো ডুবে যাওয়ার পর মেরির দেহ জলে পড়ে আছে। এই সবকিছু একটি গভীর হারানোর অনুভূতি তৈরি করে। এটি আমাদের 느끼তে বাধ্য করে যে খারাপ ঘটনা কখনও কখনও থামানো যায় না।) e) What does time symbolize in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ? In this poem, time is shown as a picture of something that never stops. It is like a traveler who is always moving forward. This traveler is called a "gipsy man." No one can ask the traveler to stop and stay. The gipsy man shows that time is wild and free. Time does not care about our feelings. It keeps moving. It carries every moment of today away and turns it into yesterday. (এই কবিতায়, সময়কে এমন কিছুর ছবি হিসেবে দেখানো হয়েছে যা কখনও থামে না। এটি এমন একজন ভ্রমণকারীর মতো যে সবসময় সামনে এগিয়ে চলেছে। এই ভ্রমণকারীকে "জিপসি ম্যান" বলা হয়েছে। কেউই এই ভ্রমণকারীকে থামতে এবং থেকে যেতে বলতে পারে না। জিপসি ম্যান দেখায় যে সময় বন্য এবং মুক্ত। সময় আমাদের অনুভূতির কোনো পরোয়া করে না। এটি চলতে থাকে। এটি আজকের প্রতিটি মুহূর্তকে কেড়ে নিয়ে গতকাল বানিয়ে দেয়।) f) Why is the journey unfinished in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The journey in the poem is not finished for a clear reason. The speaker says he has "promises to keep." He also says he has "miles to go before I sleep." These words mean he has important jobs to do. He has duties and things he must finish in his life. These duties stop him from staying in the quiet woods. The woods are beautiful and peaceful, but his work is more important. (কবিতায় যাত্রাটি একটি স্পষ্ট কারণে শেষ হয়নি। বক্তা বলেন যে তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করতে হবে।" তিনি আরও বলেন যে "ঘুমানোর আগে মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে।" এই কথাগুলোর মানে হলো তার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কাজ করার আছে। তার জীবনে কর্তব্য এবং এমন কিছু কাজ আছে যা তাকে অবশ্যই শেষ করতে হবে। এই দায়িত্বগুলো তাকে শান্ত বনে থাকা থেকে বিরত রাখে। বনটি সুন্দর এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ, কিন্তু তার কাজ আরও বেশি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।) g) How does Solitude  compare different human experiences?   The poem "Solitude" compares being happy and being sad. It says that when you are happy, people want to be with you. The poem says, "laugh, and the world laughs with you." This means joy is something we share with many people. But when you are sad, people leave you by yourself. The poem says, "weep, and you weep alone." This shows that the world likes to share happy times more than sad times. ("সলিটিউড" কবিতাটি সুখী হওয়া এবং দুঃখী হওয়ার মধ্যে তুলনা করে। এটি বলে যে আপনি যখন সুখী হন, তখন লোকেরা আপনার সাথে থাকতে চায়। কবিতাটি বলে, "হাসো, এবং বিশ্ব তোমার সাথে হাসবে।" এর মানে হলো আনন্দ এমন একটি জিনিস যা আমরা অনেক লোকের সাথে ভাগ করে নিই। কিন্তু আপনি যখন দুঃখী হন, তখন লোকেরা আপনাকে একা ফেলে চলে যায়। কবিতাটি বলে, "কাঁদো, এবং তুমি একাই কাঁদবে।" এটি দেখায় যে পৃথিবী দুঃখের সময়ের চেয়ে সুখের সময় ভাগ করে নিতে বেশি পছন্দ করে।) Set 2 a) How does O Me! O Life!  emphasize the significance of life’s struggles?   The poem shows that life's hard times are important. It says these struggles are a part of everyone's life. We all face them. The poem lists some of these hard things. It talks about "the endless trains of the faithless." It also mentions "cities filled with the foolish." By talking about these struggles, the poem shows it understands our sad feelings. This makes the final, happy answer feel even stronger. The answer is that we can add our own "verse," or our own good part, to life. This makes our struggles feel more meaningful. (কবিতাটি দেখায় যে জীবনের কঠিন সময়গুলো গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটি বলে যে এই সংগ্রামগুলো প্রত্যেকের জীবনের একটি অংশ। আমরা সবাই এগুলোর মুখোমুখি হই। কবিতাটি এই কঠিন জিনিসগুলোর মধ্যে কয়েকটি তালিকাভুক্ত করে। এটি "বিশ্বাসহীনের অন্তহীন সারি" এর কথা বলে। এটি "মূর্খে ভরা শহর" এর কথাও উল্লেখ করে। এই সংগ্রামগুলোর কথা বলে, কবিতাটি দেখায় যে এটি আমাদের দুঃখের অনুভূতিগুলো বোঝে। এটি চূড়ান্ত, সুখী উত্তরটিকে আরও শক্তিশালী করে তোলে। উত্তরটি হলো আমরা জীবনে আমাদের নিজস্ব "শ্লোক" বা ভালো অংশ যোগ করতে পারি। এটি আমাদের সংগ্রামগুলোকে আরও অর্থবহ করে তোলে।) b) What does Books  suggest about the influence of books on children?   The poem says that books have a very deep and special power over children. They help shape how children see the world and what they imagine. The poem describes a room full of books as a "magic box." This idea means that reading gives children many adventures that never end. Reading also gives them new things to learn. It gives them new ways to see the world. All of these things make their minds and their lives much richer. (কবিতাটি বলে যে শিশুদের উপর বইয়ের একটি খুব গভীর এবং বিশেষ শক্তি রয়েছে। বই শিশুরা পৃথিবীকে কীভাবে দেখে এবং তারা কী কল্পনা করে তা গঠনে সহায়তা করে। কবিতাটি বইয়ে ভরা একটি ঘরকে "জাদুর বাক্স" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে। এই ধারণাটির মানে হলো বই পড়া শিশুদের অনেক অভিযান দেয় যা কখনও শেষ হয় না। বই পড়া তাদের নতুন জিনিস শিখতেও সাহায্য করে। এটি তাদের বিশ্বকে দেখার নতুন উপায় দেখায়। এই সমস্ত জিনিস তাদের মন এবং জীবনকে আরও সমৃদ্ধ করে তোলে।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  highlight the bond between mother and child?   The poem shows the strong connection between a mother and a child. It does this by talking about the speaker's memories. The speaker has very special memories of the second mother who raised her. She remembers many details. She remembers how her mother made her feel safe. She remembers the guidance her mother gave her. This shows that their bond was not made from biology. It was built on love that never changed, on great care, and on deep feelings for each other. (কবিতাটি একজন মা এবং সন্তানের মধ্যেকার শক্তিশালী সংযোগ দেখায়। এটি বক্তার স্মৃতিচারণ করার মাধ্যমে তা করে। বক্তার দ্বিতীয় মা, যিনি তাকে বড় করেছেন, তার সম্পর্কে খুব বিশেষ স্মৃতি রয়েছে। তিনি অনেক খুঁটিনাটি বিষয় মনে রেখেছেন। তিনি মনে রেখেছেন কীভাবে তার মা তাকে নিরাপদ অনুভব করাতেন। তিনি তার মায়ের দেওয়া নির্দেশনার কথা মনে রেখেছেন। এটি দেখায় যে তাদের বন্ধন জীববিজ্ঞান থেকে তৈরি হয়নি। এটি এমন ভালোবাসা দিয়ে তৈরি হয়েছিল যা কখনও বদলায়নি, যা গভীর যত্ন এবং একে অপরের প্রতি গভীর অনুভূতি দিয়ে গড়া।) d) Why does the repetition of "call the cattle home" matter in The Sands of Dee ?   The line "call the cattle home" is repeated many times, and this is very important. The repetition sounds like a sad song that you can't forget. It reminds us of two things. First, it reminds us of Mary's simple job in the fields. Second, it warns us that something bad is going to happen to her. It makes us feel that a terrible event is coming. It is also a sad and ironic line. Her simple, innocent call is answered by the deadly sea. After she is gone, her call is still heard like a ghost's cry. ("কল দ্য ক্যাটল হোম" লাইনটি অনেকবার পুনরাবৃত্তি করা হয়েছে, এবং এটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এই পুনরাবৃত্তিটি একটি দুঃখের গানের মতো শোনায় যা ভোলা যায় না। এটি আমাদের দুটি জিনিসের কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়। প্রথমত, এটি আমাদের মাঠে মেরির সহজ কাজের কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়। দ্বিতীয়ত, এটি আমাদের সতর্ক করে যে তার সাথে খারাপ কিছু ঘটতে চলেছে। এটি আমাদের অনুভব করায় যে একটি ভয়ানক ঘটনা আসছে। এটি একটি দুঃখজনক এবং বিদ্রূপাত্মক লাইনও। তার সরল, নিষ্পাপ ডাকের উত্তর দেয় মারাত্মক সমুদ্র। সে চলে যাওয়ার পরেও, তার ডাক একটি ভূতের কান্নার মতো শোনা যায়।) e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  say about the inevitability of change?   The poem shows that change must happen and can't be stopped. It describes time as a "gipsy man." This gipsy man is always on a journey and never stops. The poet begs him to stay for a while. But time keeps moving forward. This is a picture of how life is always changing. The seasons change, and our moments change. They are always moving forward. We cannot stop this from happening. (কবিতাটি দেখায় যে পরিবর্তন অবশ্যই ঘটবে এবং তা থামানো যাবে না। এটি সময়কে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসেবে বর্ণনা করে। এই জিপসি ম্যান সবসময় একটি যাত্রায় থাকে এবং কখনও থামে না। কবি তাকে কিছুক্ষণ থাকার জন্য অনুরোধ করেন। কিন্তু সময় সামনে এগিয়ে যেতে থাকে। এটি একটি ছবি যা দেখায় জীবন কীভাবে প্রতিনিয়ত পরিবর্তন হচ্ছে। ঋতু পরিবর্তন হয়, এবং আমাদের মুহূর্তগুলোও পরিবর্তন হয়। সেগুলো সবসময় সামনে এগিয়ে যাচ্ছে। আমরা এই প্রক্রিয়াটি থামাতে পারি না।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening portray the allure of nature?   The poem shows how beautiful and attractive nature is. It does this by showing how the speaker feels about the woods. The speaker thinks the woods are "lovely, dark and deep." The scene is very quiet. It is snowing. This place gives him a moment of peace. It is a beautiful escape from his busy life. The woods are so wonderful that he wants to forget his duties. He just wants to stay and watch the snow fall. (কবিতাটি দেখায় প্রকৃতি কতটা সুন্দর এবং আকর্ষণীয়। এটি বক্তা বনের প্রতি কেমন অনুভব করেন তা দেখানোর মাধ্যমে এটি করে। বক্তা মনে করেন বনটি "সুন্দর, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর।" দৃশ্যটি খুব শান্ত। বরফ পড়ছে। এই জায়গাটি তাকে এক মুহূর্তের শান্তি দেয়। এটি তার ব্যস্ত জীবন থেকে একটি সুন্দর পলায়ন। বনটি এতটাই চমৎকার যে তিনি তার দায়িত্ব ভুলে যেতে চান। তিনি শুধু সেখানে থেকে তুষারপাত দেখতে চান।) g) Why does Solitude  mention “the hills will answer”? The poem says that when you are happy, men will look for you. But when you are sad, they will leave you. After this, the poem suggests that nature is a better friend than people. Nature is always there for you. The line "the hills will answer" means something important. It means that when people leave you alone in your sadness, nature can still give you company. When you speak, you can hear your voice echo in the hills. This echo is like an answer. It is a type of friendship that people do not give. (কবিতাটি বলে যে আপনি যখন সুখী হবেন, তখন মানুষ আপনাকে খুঁজবে। কিন্তু যখন আপনি দুঃখী হবেন, তখন তারা আপনাকে ছেড়ে চলে যাবে। এরপর, কবিতাটি পরামর্শ দেয় যে প্রকৃতি মানুষের চেয়ে ভালো বন্ধু। প্রকৃতি সবসময় আপনার জন্য সেখানে থাকে। "পাহাড় উত্তর দেবে" এই লাইনটির একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অর্থ আছে। এর মানে হলো, যখন মানুষ আপনার দুঃখে আপনাকে একা ফেলে চলে যায়, তখন প্রকৃতি আপনাকে সঙ্গ দিতে পারে। আপনি যখন কথা বলেন, তখন পাহাড়ে আপনার কণ্ঠের প্রতিধ্বনি শুনতে পাবেন। এই প্রতিধ্বনিটি একটি উত্তরের মতো। এটি এমন এক ধরনের বন্ধুত্ব যা মানুষ দেয় না।)   Set 3 a)  What question does O Me! O Life!  ask the reader? b)  The poem asks a very big and important question. It asks every person who reads it to think hard about life. The poem wants us to face our feelings of sadness and disappointment. It asks, "Oh me! Oh life! With all these sad questions that come again and again... what is good in any of this?" This is a challenge to the reader. It asks us to find a good reason for being alive, even when the world can seem like it has no meaning at all. (কবিতাটি একটি খুব বড় এবং গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন করে। এটি প্রত্যেক পাঠককে জীবন নিয়ে গভীরভাবে ভাবতে বলে। কবিতাটি চায় আমরা যেন আমাদের দুঃখ এবং হতাশার অনুভূতিগুলোর মুখোমুখি হই। এটি জিজ্ঞাসা করে, "হায় আমি! হায় জীবন! এই সমস্ত দুঃখের প্রশ্ন যা বারবার ফিরে আসে... এই সবের মধ্যে ভালো কী আছে?" এটি পাঠকের জন্য একটি চ্যালেঞ্জ। এটি আমাদের বেঁচে থাকার একটি ভালো কারণ খুঁজে বের করতে বলে, এমনকি যখন পৃথিবীকে পুরোপুরি অর্থহীন বলেও মনে হতে পারে।) c)  How does Books  describe the transformative effect of reading? d)  The poem "Books" tells us that reading can change a person in a very big way. It says reading is like a magical trip. When you read a book, you are taken to new and different places. You can travel to other worlds and other times in history. This journey through stories helps you learn new things. It makes your imagination bigger and stronger. Reading a lot can completely change the way you look at the world and understand everything in it. ("বই" কবিতাটি আমাদের বলে যে বই পড়া একজন মানুষকে অনেক বড়ভাবে পরিবর্তন করতে পারে। এটি বলে যে বই পড়া একটি জাদুকরী ভ্রমণের মতো। আপনি যখন একটি বই পড়েন, তখন আপনাকে নতুন এবং ভিন্ন জায়গায় নিয়ে যাওয়া হয়। আপনি অন্য জগতে এবং ইতিহাসের অন্য সময়ে ভ্রমণ করতে পারেন। গল্পের মাধ্যমে এই ভ্রমণ আপনাকে নতুন জিনিস শিখতে সাহায্য করে। এটি আপনার কল্পনাকে আরও বড় এবং শক্তিশালী করে তোলে। অনেক বই পড়া আপনার পৃথিবীকে দেখার এবং এর সবকিছু বোঝার পদ্ধতিকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে পরিবর্তন করে দিতে পারে।) c) What does Two Mothers Remembered  suggest about memory and loss?   The poem shows us that memory is very powerful. It suggests that our memories can help us keep our loved ones with us. Even after someone is gone, our memory of them keeps their spirit alive. In the poem, the speaker has lost both of her mothers. But her memories of the second mother, who raised her, are very clear and full of love. These memories prove how much this mother changed her life. This shows that memory can be stronger than the final sadness of loss. (কবিতাটি আমাদের দেখায় যে স্মৃতি খুব শক্তিশালী। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে আমাদের স্মৃতি আমাদের প্রিয়জনকে আমাদের সাথে রাখতে সাহায্য করতে পারে। কেউ চলে যাওয়ার পরেও, তাদের স্মৃতি আমাদের মনে তাদের আত্মাকে বাঁচিয়ে রাখে। কবিতায়, বক্তা তার উভয় মা'কে হারিয়েছেন। কিন্তু তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের স্মৃতি, যিনি তাকে বড় করেছেন, তা খুব স্পষ্ট এবং ভালোবাসায় পূর্ণ। এই স্মৃতিগুলো প্রমাণ করে যে এই মা তার জীবনকে কতটা প্রভাবিত করেছেন। এটি দেখায় যে স্মৃতি ক্ষতির চূড়ান্ত দুঃখের চেয়েও শক্তিশালী হতে পারে।) e)  How does The Sands of Dee  depict tragedy?   f)   The poem shows a tragedy by telling the sad story of a girl named Mary. She is a young girl doing her daily work. But a sudden, cruel tide comes in from the sea and she drowns. The tragedy feels even bigger because of how it is told. The poem shows that nature can be cruel and does not care about human life. Fishermen later hear her voice, like a ghost calling out. This creates a feeling of very deep and endless sadness. (কবিতাটি মেরি নামের একটি মেয়ের দুঃখজনক গল্প বলার মাধ্যমে একটি悲剧 (tragedy) তুলে ধরে। সে একজন অল্পবয়সী মেয়ে যে তার দৈনন্দিন কাজ করছিল। কিন্তু সমুদ্র থেকে হঠাৎ একটি নিষ্ঠুর জোয়ার আসে এবং সে ডুবে মারা যায়। যেভাবে গল্পটি বলা হয়েছে, তাতে এই悲剧 (tragedy)-কে আরও বড় মনে হয়। কবিতাটি দেখায় যে প্রকৃতি নিষ্ঠুর হতে পারে এবং মানুষের জীবনের পরোয়া করে না। জেলেরা পরে তার কণ্ঠস্বর শুনতে পায়, যেন একটি ভূত ডাকছে। এটি একটি খুব গভীর এবং অন্তহীন দুঃখের অনুভূতি তৈরি করে।) e) Why does the poet plead for time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet begs time to "wait a little." He asks for this because he wants to hold on to the good and beautiful moments of life. Time moves very fast, and it carries these moments away. His request shows a feeling that all people have. We all wish we could slow down time. We want to enjoy the present moment for a little longer, before it disappears and becomes part of the past. (কবি সময়কে "একটু অপেক্ষা করতে" অনুরোধ করেন। তিনি এটি চান কারণ তিনি জীবনের ভালো এবং সুন্দর মুহূর্তগুলোকে ধরে রাখতে চান। সময় খুব দ্রুত চলে যায়, এবং এটি এই মুহূর্তগুলোকে কেড়ে নিয়ে যায়। তার এই অনুরোধটি এমন একটি অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে যা সব মানুষেরই আছে। আমরা সবাই চাই যে আমরা যদি সময়কে ধীর করতে পারতাম। আমরা বর্তমান মুহূর্তটিকে আরও কিছুক্ষণ উপভোগ করতে চাই, bevor es verschwindet und Teil der Vergangenheit wird।) f) What does the setting symbolize in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The place where the poem happens is very important. It is a dark, quiet forest filled with snow on the "darkest evening of the year." This setting is a picture of a peaceful place to escape. It is a way to get away from the demands and duties of the world. The woods represent beauty, being alone, and maybe even the final rest of death. This peaceful place is the opposite of the speaker's real life, which is a long journey full of responsibilities. (কবিতার ঘটনাস্থলটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটি "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যায়" বরফে ভরা একটি অন্ধকার, শান্ত বন। এই পরিবেশটি একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ পালানোর জায়গার প্রতীক। এটি বিশ্বের চাহিদা এবং দায়িত্ব থেকে দূরে যাওয়ার একটি উপায়। বনটি সৌন্দর্য, একাকীত্ব, এবং সম্ভবত মৃত্যুর চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রামকেও প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। এই শান্তিপূর্ণ জায়গাটি বক্তার বাস্তব জীবনের বিপরীত, যা দায়িত্বে পূর্ণ একটি দীর্ঘ যাত্রা।) g) What does Solitude  reveal about human emotions? This poem shows that we experience our feelings differently when we are with other people. It says that happiness is an emotion that people want to share. When you are happy, others want to join you. This makes joy a public feeling. But sadness is different. Sadness is often a lonely feeling. The poem says that when you are in pain, others tend to go away. This forces a person to face their sorrow all by themselves. (এই কবিতাটি দেখায় যে আমরা যখন অন্য মানুষের সাথে থাকি তখন আমাদের অনুভূতিগুলো ভিন্নভাবে অনুভব করি। এটি বলে যে সুখ এমন একটি আবেগ যা মানুষ ভাগ করে নিতে চায়। আপনি যখন খুশি হন, তখন অন্যরা আপনার সাথে যোগ দিতে চায়। এটি আনন্দকে একটি সামাজিক অনুভূতিতে পরিণত করে। কিন্তু দুঃখ ভিন্ন। দুঃখ প্রায়শই একটি একাকী অনুভূতি। কবিতাটি বলে যে আপনি যখন কষ্টে থাকেন, তখন অন্যরা চলে যাওয়ার প্রবণতা দেখায়। এটি একজন ব্যক্তিকে তার দুঃখের সাথে সম্পূর্ণ একা মোকাবিলা করতে বাধ্য করে।) Set 4 a) Why does O Me! O Life!  emphasize the role of an individual?   The poem shows that each single person is very important. It answers its own sad questions with a strong idea. The idea is that "you are here—that life exists." The final answer in the poem is "That you may contribute a verse." This means the purpose of life depends on one person. Each person has a special power to add their own small part to the big story of life. (কবিতাটি দেখায় যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটি নিজের দুঃখের প্রশ্নগুলোর উত্তর একটি শক্তিশালী ধারণা দিয়ে দেয়। ধারণাটি হলো "তুমি এখানে আছো—জীবন বিদ্যমান।" কবিতার চূড়ান্ত উত্তরটি হলো "যাতে তুমি একটি শ্লোক যোগ করতে পারো।" এর মানে হলো জীবনের উদ্দেশ্য একজন ব্যক্তির উপর নির্ভর করে। প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তির জীবনের বড় গল্পে নিজের ছোট অংশ যোগ করার একটি বিশেষ ক্ষমতা রয়েছে।) b) How does Books  describe books as an adventure? The poem "Books" says that books are like a great adventure. It calls them a "magic box." Inside this box, you can find "anything you want." This makes us think that opening a book is like starting a trip. You can travel to new places you have never seen. You can meet new people and characters. You can be part of exciting events. And you can do all of this while sitting safely in your own room. ("বই" কবিতাটি বলে যে বই একটি মহান অভিযানের মতো। এটি বইগুলোকে "জাদুর বাক্স" বলে। এই বাক্সের ভেতরে, তুমি "যা কিছু চাও" খুঁজে পেতে পারো। এটি আমাদের ভাবতে বাধ্য করে যে একটি বই খোলা একটি যাত্রা শুরু করার মতো। তুমি এমন নতুন জায়গায় ভ্রমণ করতে পারো যা তুমি কখনও দেখোনি। তুমি নতুন মানুষ এবং চরিত্রের সাথে দেখা করতে পারো। তুমি উত্তেজনাপূর্ণ ঘটনার অংশ হতে পারো। এবং তুমি এই সবকিছু নিজের ঘরে নিরাপদে বসে থেকেই করতে পারো।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  reflect on generational bonds?   The poem thinks about the connections between different generations. It shows that an older person who is not related by blood can create a very strong bond. The second mother is not the birth mother. But her bond with the child is just as strong, or maybe even stronger. This suggests that family connections are not just about blood. They are about the love, care, and good lessons passed from an older person to a younger person. (কবিতাটি বিভিন্ন প্রজন্মের মধ্যেকার সংযোগ নিয়ে চিন্তা করে। এটি দেখায় যে একজন বয়স্ক ব্যক্তি যিনি রক্তের সম্পর্কের নন, তিনিও একটি খুব শক্তিশালী বন্ধন তৈরি করতে পারেন। দ্বিতীয় মা জন্মদাত্রী মা নন। কিন্তু সন্তানের সাথে তার বন্ধন ঠিক ততটাই শক্তিশালী, বা হয়তো আরও বেশি শক্তিশালী। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে পারিবারিক সংযোগ কেবল রক্তের সম্পর্ক নিয়ে নয়। এটি ভালোবাসা, যত্ন এবং ভালো শিক্ষা নিয়ে যা একজন বয়স্ক ব্যক্তির কাছ থেকে একজন তরুণ ব্যক্তির কাছে হস্তান্তরিত হয়।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  use sound to create atmosphere?   The poem uses sound in a very clever way. It uses sound to create a spooky and sad feeling. The most important sound is the repeated call of Mary. It sounds like a ghost calling out. The fishermen hear this call in the fog. This sound, along with the sound of the "cruel crawling foam" of the sea, fills the poem with a feeling of deep sadness and a strange, sad story. (কবিতাটি খুব চতুরভাবে শব্দ ব্যবহার করে। এটি একটি ভুতুড়ে এবং দুঃখজনক অনুভূতি তৈরি করতে শব্দ ব্যবহার করে। সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শব্দটি হলো মেরির বারবার করা ডাক। এটি একটি ভূতের ডাকের মতো শোনায়। জেলেরা কুয়াশার মধ্যে এই ডাক শুনতে পায়। এই শব্দটি, সমুদ্রের "নিষ্ঠুর হামাগুড়ি দেওয়া ফেনা"-র শব্দের সাথে মিলে, কবিতাটিকে গভীর দুঃখ এবং একটি অদ্ভুত, করুণ গল্পের অনুভূতিতে পূর্ণ করে তোলে।) e) What is the poet’s relationship with time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet's connection with time is weak and helpless. He talks directly to time. He begs time to stay with him. But he knows that he cannot win. He knows time is like a wild "gipsy man" that cannot be tamed. This gipsy man will not listen to his begging. This creates a sad feeling of wanting something you can never have. The poet has to accept that time will always keep moving forward. (সময়ের সাথে কবির সম্পর্ক দুর্বল এবং অসহায়। তিনি সরাসরি সময়ের সাথে কথা বলেন। তিনি সময়কে তার সাথে থাকতে অনুরোধ করেন। কিন্তু তিনি জানেন যে তিনি জিততে পারবেন না। তিনি জানেন যে সময় একটি বন্য "জিপসি ম্যান"-এর মতো যাকে বশ করা যায় না। এই জিপসি ম্যান তার অনুরোধ শুনবে না। এটি এমন কিছু চাওয়ার দুঃখজনক অনুভূতি তৈরি করে যা আপনি কখনও পেতে পারেন না। কবিকে মেনে নিতে হয় যে সময় সবসময় সামনে এগিয়ে যাবে।) g)  What internal conflict does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening  show? h)  The poem shows a fight happening inside the speaker's mind. It is a conflict between what he wants and what he must do. The speaker really wants to stay in the woods. He wants to enjoy the quiet and beautiful snow (this is his desire). But then he thinks about his work and the long trip he has to make. He has "promises to keep" and "miles to go" (this is his duty). This pulls him away from the woods. (কবিতাটি বক্তার মনের ভেতরের একটি লড়াই দেখায়। এটি হলো তিনি কী চান এবং তাকে কী করতে হবে তার মধ্যে একটি দ্বন্দ্ব। বক্তা সত্যিই বনে থাকতে চান। তিনি শান্ত এবং সুন্দর বরফ উপভোগ করতে চান (এটি তার ইচ্ছা)। কিন্তু তারপর তিনি তার কাজ এবং দীর্ঘ যাত্রার কথা ভাবেন। তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করতে হবে" এবং "মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে" (এটি তার কর্তব্য)। এই চিন্তা তাকে বন থেকে দূরে সরিয়ে নিয়ে যায়।) g) What does Solitude  teach about life’s ups and downs?   The poem "Solitude" teaches us that we experience good times and bad times differently. It says that life's good times, like joy and success, are often shared with many people. They are like public parties that bring people to you. But life's bad times, like sadness and failure, are very private. We often have to face these hard times all alone. The poem suggests that real friends are hard to find, because most people want to share fun, not pain. ("সলিটিউড" কবিতাটি আমাদের শেখায় যে আমরা ভালো সময় এবং খারাপ সময় ভিন্নভাবে অনুভব করি। এটি বলে যে জীবনের ভালো সময়, যেমন আনন্দ এবং সাফল্য, প্রায়শই অনেক লোকের সাথে ভাগ করে নেওয়া হয়। এগুলো সামাজিক অনুষ্ঠানের মতো যা মানুষকে আপনার কাছে নিয়ে আসে। কিন্তু জীবনের খারাপ সময়, যেমন দুঃখ এবং ব্যর্থতা, খুব ব্যক্তিগত। আমাদের প্রায়শই এই কঠিন সময়গুলোর সাথে একা মোকাবিলা করতে হয়। কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সত্যিকারের বন্ধু খুঁজে পাওয়া কঠিন, কারণ বেশিরভাগ মানুষই আনন্দ ভাগ করতে চায়, কষ্ট নয়।) Set 5 a) What is the poet’s message in O Me! O Life! ? The poet’s main message is that life is very special and important. This is true even when we face hard times or feel disappointed. It is true even if life sometimes feels like it has no meaning. The biggest purpose of life is simple. It is to just be  here. And while we are here, we should add our own special "verse," or our own good action, to the big, continuing story of all people. (কবির প্রধান বার্তা হলো জীবন খুবই বিশেষ এবং গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটা সত্যি, এমনকি যখন আমরা কঠিন সময়ের মুখোমুখি হই বা হতাশ বোধ করি। এটা সত্যি, এমনকি যদি জীবনকে কখনও কখনও অর্থহীন মনে হয়। জীবনের সবচেয়ে বড় উদ্দেশ্য সহজ। তা হলো শুধু এখানে  থাকা । এবং আমরা এখানে থাকাকালীন, আমাদের উচিত সমস্ত মানুষের বড়, চলমান গল্পে আমাদের নিজস্ব বিশেষ "শ্লোক" বা ভালো কাজ যোগ করা।) b) Why does Books  refer to reading as a magical experience?   The poem calls reading a magical experience for a good reason. It is because books have a special power. They can take a person to a brand new world. They can introduce us to so many different people and characters. They can fill our minds with new facts and wonder. And all of this happens without us ever leaving our own room. This power to change our world so completely is like real magic. (কবিতাটি একটি ভালো কারণে পড়াকে একটি জাদুকরী অভিজ্ঞতা বলে। এর কারণ হলো বইয়ের একটি বিশেষ ক্ষমতা আছে। তারা একজন ব্যক্তিকে একটি সম্পূর্ণ নতুন জগতে নিয়ে যেতে পারে। তারা আমাদের অনেক বিভিন্ন মানুষ এবং চরিত্রের সাথে পরিচয় করিয়ে দিতে পারে। তারা আমাদের মনকে নতুন তথ্য এবং বিস্ময়ে পূর্ণ করতে পারে। এবং এই সবকিছু ঘটে আমাদের নিজেদের ঘর থেকে বের না হয়েই। আমাদের বিশ্বকে এত সম্পূর্ণরূপে পরিবর্তন করার এই ক্ষমতাটি আসল জাদুর মতো।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  depict emotional strength?   The poem shows emotional strength through the second mother. She was not the birth mother. But she showed love that never failed. She gave the speaker a stable life. The poem says "her hands... were cool and steady." This is a picture of her calm and strong character. She had a deep strength inside her. This strength was very important in raising the speaker. (কবিতাটি দ্বিতীয় মায়ের মাধ্যমে মানসিক শক্তি দেখায়। তিনি জন্মদাত্রী মা ছিলেন না। কিন্তু তিনি এমন ভালোবাসা দেখিয়েছেন যা কখনও ব্যর্থ হয়নি। তিনি বক্তাকে একটি স্থিতিশীল জীবন দিয়েছেন। কবিতাটি বলে "তার হাত... শীতল এবং স্থির ছিল।" এটি তার শান্ত এবং শক্তিশালী চরিত্রের একটি ছবি। তার ভেতরে এক গভীর শক্তি ছিল। এই শক্তিটি বক্তাকে বড় করার ক্ষেত্রে খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ছিল।) d) What does the tide symbolize in The Sands of Dee ? The tide in this poem is a picture of nature's power. It shows that nature can be very strong and destructive. It also shows that nature does not care about people. The tide is a force that cannot be stopped. It is a cruel force. It causes the sad death of the girl, Mary. It does not think about her or her life. This shows a big difference between the mean power of the sea and the simple, innocent girl. (এই কবিতার জোয়ার প্রকৃতির শক্তির একটি প্রতীক। এটি দেখায় যে প্রকৃতি খুব শক্তিশালী এবং ধ্বংসাত্মক হতে পারে। এটি আরও দেখায় যে প্রকৃতি মানুষের পরোয়া করে না। জোয়ার এমন একটি শক্তি যা থামানো যায় না। এটি একটি নিষ্ঠুর শক্তি। এটি মেরি নামের মেয়েটির দুঃখজনক মৃত্যুর কারণ হয়। এটি তার বা তার জীবন সম্পর্কে চিন্তা করে না। এটি সমুদ্রের নির্দয় শক্তি এবং সরল, নিষ্পাপ মেয়েটির মধ্যে একটি বড় পার্থক্য দেখায়।) e) What does the poet mean by “only a moment” in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   When the poet says "only a moment," he is showing us how short the present time is. Our "now" does not last very long. He begs time to stay for just this little bit of time. This shows how fast our good and beautiful moments go by. They quickly become part of the past. The "gipsy man" of time is always moving and carries these moments away from us forever. (কবি যখন "কেবল এক মুহূর্ত" বলেন, তখন তিনি আমাদের দেখাচ্ছেন যে বর্তমান সময়টি কতটা সংক্ষিপ্ত। আমাদের "এখন" খুব বেশি সময় ধরে থাকে না। তিনি সময়ের কাছে অনুরোধ করেন যেন সে শুধু এই অল্প সময়ের জন্য থেকে যায়। এটি দেখায় যে আমাদের ভালো এবং সুন্দর মুহূর্তগুলো কত দ্রুত চলে যায়। সেগুলো দ্রুত অতীতের অংশ হয়ে যায়। সময়ের "জিপসি ম্যান" সবসময় চলমান এবং এই মুহূর্তগুলোকে আমাদের কাছ থেকে চিরতরে দূরে নিয়ে যায়।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening depict solitude?   The poem shows being alone, or solitude, as something peaceful. It is a time for quiet thinking. The speaker is all alone in the silent, snowy woods. Only his horse is with him. He is far away from any town or house. This feeling of being alone is not shown as a sad or lonely thing. Instead, it is a beautiful and nice escape. It gives him a chance for a moment of quiet thought. (কবিতাটি একাকীত্ব বা নির্জনতাকে একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ অবস্থা হিসেবে দেখায়। এটি শান্ত চিন্তার একটি সময়। বক্তা নীরব, বরফে ঢাকা বনে সম্পূর্ণ একা। কেবল তার ঘোড়াটি তার সাথে আছে। সে যেকোনো শহর বা বাড়ি থেকে অনেক দূরে। এই একা থাকার অনুভূতিকে দুঃখজনক বা নিঃসঙ্গ হিসেবে দেখানো হয়নি। বরং, এটি একটি সুন্দর এবং মনোরম পলায়ন। এটি তাকে এক মুহূর্তের জন্য শান্তভাবে ভাবার সুযোগ দেয়।) g) What does Solitude  suggest about finding comfort in loneliness?   The poem mainly talks about how people leave you when you are sad. But it also gives a small hint about finding comfort when you are lonely. When people are not there for you, you can turn to other things. The poem says "the hills will answer." This suggests that nature can be a friend. By accepting that you are on a lonely path, you can find a quiet kind of strength. You can find company that does not change, unlike people in society. (কবিতাটি প্রধানত দেখায় যে দুঃখের সময় মানুষ কীভাবে আপনাকে ছেড়ে চলে যায়। কিন্তু এটি একাকীত্বের মধ্যে সান্ত্বনা খুঁজে পাওয়ার বিষয়ে একটি ছোট ইঙ্গিতও দেয়। যখন মানুষ আপনার জন্য পাশে থাকে না, আপনি অন্য কিছুর দিকে ঝুঁকতে পারেন। কবিতাটি বলে "পাহাড় উত্তর দেবে।" এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রকৃতি একটি বন্ধু হতে পারে। আপনি যে একাকী পথে চলছেন তা মেনে নিয়ে, আপনি এক ধরনের শান্ত শক্তি খুঁজে পেতে পারেন। আপনি এমন সঙ্গ পেতে পারেন যা পরিবর্তন হয় না, সমাজের মানুষের মতো নয়।)   Set 6 a) What does O Me! O Life!  say about human resilience?   The poem suggests that people can be strong and can bounce back from sad times. This strength comes from finding a purpose in life. We can find this purpose even when we feel a lot of despair. After talking about all the hard parts of life, the poem ends with a powerful idea. It says each person has the chance to "contribute a verse," which means to add something good to the world. This tells us that our strength is found in our power to create, to be a part of life, and to add something of value, no matter how hard our situation is. (কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে মানুষ শক্তিশালী হতে পারে এবং দুঃখের সময় থেকে ঘুরে দাঁড়াতে পারে। এই শক্তি আসে জীবনের একটি উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে বের করার মাধ্যমে । আমরা এই উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে পেতে পারি এমনকি যখন আমরা অনেক হতাশ বোধ করি। জীবনের সমস্ত কঠিন দিকগুলো নিয়ে কথা বলার পর, কবিতাটি একটি শক্তিশালী ধারণা দিয়ে শেষ হয়। এটি বলে যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তির "একটি শ্লোক যোগ করার" সুযোগ রয়েছে, যার মানে হলো পৃথিবীতে ভালো কিছু যোগ করা । এটি আমাদের বলে যে আমাদের শক্তি সৃষ্টির ক্ষমতায়, জীবনের অংশ হওয়ার ক্ষমতায়, এবং মূল্যবান কিছু যোগ করার ক্ষমতায় নিহিত, পরিস্থিতি যতই কঠিন হোক না কেন ।) b) How does Books  depict books as a source of inspiration?   The poem shows books as something that can give us great ideas and make us feel inspired. It describes books as a "magic box" that is full of endless wonders and possibilities. This idea suggests that books inspire us by waking up our imagination. They show us new ideas and new ways of thinking. They encourage us to dream big and to explore worlds that are far away from our own real lives. (কবিতাটি বইকে এমন কিছু হিসেবে দেখায় যা আমাদের মহান ধারণা দিতে পারে এবং আমাদের অনুপ্রাণিত করতে পারে। এটি বইকে একটি "জাদুর বাক্স" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে যা অফুরন্ত বিস্ময় এবং সম্ভাবনায় পূর্ণ । এই ধারণাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে বই আমাদের কল্পনাকে জাগিয়ে তুলে আমাদের অনুপ্রাণিত করে। তারা আমাদের নতুন ধারণা এবং নতুন চিন্তাভাবনার পথ দেখায় । তারা আমাদের বড় স্বপ্ন দেখতে এবং আমাদের নিজেদের বাস্তব জীবন থেকে অনেক দূরের জগৎ অন্বেষণ করতে উৎসাহিত করে ।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  highlight the theme of love and loss?   The poem highlights both love and loss by showing us the speaker's different memories. There is a feeling of loss for the birth mother, who the speaker did not really know. But this sad feeling is covered by a much stronger feeling of love for the second mother who raised her. The poem shows that love can build connections that last a very long time. These loving bonds are so strong that they can overcome the sadness of loss that comes with death. (কবিতাটি বক্তার বিভিন্ন স্মৃতির মাধ্যমে ভালোবাসা এবং ক্ষতি উভয়কেই তুলে ধরে । জন্মদাত্রী মায়ের জন্য একটি ক্ষতির অনুভূতি রয়েছে, যাকে বক্তা সত্যিই চিনতেন না । কিন্তু এই দুঃখের অনুভূতিটি তাকে বড় করে তোলা দ্বিতীয় মায়ের প্রতি অনেক শক্তিশালী ভালোবাসার অনুভূতির দ্বারা ঢাকা পড়ে যায় । কবিতাটি দেখায় যে ভালোবাসা এমন সংযোগ তৈরি করতে পারে যা অনেক দীর্ঘ সময় ধরে টিকে থাকে। এই ভালোবাসার বন্ধন এতটাই শক্তিশালী যে তা মৃত্যুর সাথে আসা ক্ষতির দুঃখকেও অতিক্রম করতে পারে ।) d) What is the role of nature in The Sands of Dee ? In this poem, nature has the role of a very powerful force that does not care about people. It is also shown as a destructive force that causes bad things to happen. The sea and the tide are not shown as beautiful. They are shown as a cruel and mean power that causes Mary's sad death. This helps us see how weak people are when they face the huge power of the natural world. (এই কবিতায়, প্রকৃতি একটি খুব শক্তিশালী শক্তির ভূমিকা পালন করে যা মানুষের পরোয়া করে না । এটি একটি ধ্বংসাত্মক শক্তি হিসাবেও দেখানো হয়েছে যা খারাপ ঘটনা ঘটায় । সমুদ্র এবং জোয়ারকে সুন্দর হিসাবে দেখানো হয়নি। সেগুলোকে একটি নিষ্ঠুর এবং নির্দয় শক্তি হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে যা মেরির দুঃখজনক মৃত্যুর কারণ হয় । এটি আমাদের দেখতে সাহায্য করে যে প্রাকৃতিক বিশ্বের বিশাল শক্তির সামনে মানুষ কতটা দুর্বল ।) e) What does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  imply about accepting change?   The poem suggests that even though people want things to stay the same, they must finally accept that change will always happen. The poet begs time to stop its journey, but this is not possible. Time is shown as a "gipsy man" who "will not tarry," or wait. The sad feeling in the poem suggests a slow and unwilling acceptance. We have to accept the constant flow of time and all the changes that it brings into our lives. (কবিতাটি বোঝায় যে যদিও মানুষ চায় জিনিসগুলো একই রকম থাকুক, তাদের অবশ্যই অবশেষে মেনে নিতে হবে যে পরিবর্তন সবসময় ঘটবে । কবি সময়কে তার যাত্রা থামাতে অনুরোধ করেন, কিন্তু তা সম্ভব নয় । সময়কে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে যে "অপেক্ষা করবে না" । কবিতার দুঃখজনক অনুভূতি একটি ধীর এবং অনিচ্ছাকৃত গ্রহণযোগ্যতার ইঙ্গিত দেয়। আমাদের সময়ের ধ্রুবক প্রবাহ এবং এটি আমাদের জীবনে যে সমস্ত পরিবর্তন নিয়ে আসে তা মেনে নিতেই হবে ।) f) What does the phrase “miles to go” mean in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ?   The words "miles to go before I sleep" have two different meanings in the poem. The first meaning is literal and simple. It means the speaker has to travel a long way before he can rest for the night. The second meaning is figurative, like a picture in our minds. It represents all the many duties, jobs, and things he has to do in his life. He must finish all of them before he can have his final rest, which is death. (কবিতায় "ঘুমানোর আগে মাইলের পর মাইল যেতে হবে" কথাটির দুটি ভিন্ন অর্থ রয়েছে । প্রথম অর্থটি আক্ষরিক এবং সহজ। এর মানে হলো রাতে বিশ্রাম নেওয়ার আগে বক্তাকে অনেক দূর পথ ভ্রমণ করতে হবে । দ্বিতীয় অর্থটি রূপক, যা আমাদের মনে একটি ছবির মতো। এটি তার জীবনের সমস্ত দায়িত্ব, কাজ এবং অভিজ্ঞতার প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। তাকে তার চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রাম, অর্থাৎ মৃত্যুর আগে, সেগুলোর সবই সম্পন্ন করতে হবে ।) g) How does Solitude  contrast happiness and sorrow? The poem "Solitude" shows a big difference between happiness and sadness. It shows happiness as something we share with other people in society. The poem says, "laugh, and the world laughs with you." But it shows sorrow as a lonely weight that a person must carry all by themselves. The poem says, "weep, and you weep alone." The poem argues that people are happy to join in fun times, but they stay away from sad times. ("সলিটিউড" কবিতাটি সুখ এবং দুঃখের মধ্যে একটি বড় পার্থক্য দেখায়। এটি সুখকে এমন কিছু হিসাবে দেখায় যা আমরা সমাজের অন্য মানুষের সাথে ভাগ করে নিই । কবিতাটি বলে, "হাসো, এবং বিশ্ব তোমার সাথে হাসবে।" কিন্তু এটি দুঃখকে একটি একাকী বোঝা হিসাবে দেখায় যা একজন ব্যক্তিকে একাই বহন করতে হয় । কবিতাটি বলে, "কাঁদো, এবং তুমি একাই কাঁদবে।" কবিতাটি যুক্তি দেয় যে মানুষ আনন্দের সময়ে যোগ দিতে ভালোবাসে, কিন্তু তারা দুঃখের সময় থেকে দূরে থাকে ।) Set 7 a) How does O Me! O Life!  suggest overcoming despair? The poem suggests that we can get over our sad feelings. It does not tell us to ignore the pain in life. Instead, it tells us to find our own special purpose, even when things are hard. The final answer in the poem is very strong. It says, "That you are here... That you may contribute a verse". This shows that just being alive is a good enough reason to fight sadness. It is a reason to do something good and meaningful. (কবিতাটি পরামর্শ দেয় যে আমরা আমাদের দুঃখের অনুভূতিগুলো কাটিয়ে উঠতে পারি। এটি আমাদের জীবনের কষ্টকে উপেক্ষা করতে বলে না। বরং, এটি আমাদের কঠিন পরিস্থিতির মধ্যেও নিজের বিশেষ উদ্দেশ্য খুঁজে বের করতে বলে । কবিতার চূড়ান্ত উত্তরটি খুব শক্তিশালী। এটি বলে, "যে তুমি এখানে আছো... যে তুমি একটি শ্লোক যোগ করতে পারো" । এটি দেখায় যে শুধু বেঁচে থাকাটাই দুঃখকে জয় করার জন্য একটি যথেষ্ট ভালো কারণ। এটি ভালো এবং অর্থপূর্ণ কিছু করার একটি কারণ ।) b) What does Books  suggest about the lasting impact of reading?   The poem "Books" suggests that when we read, it stays with us for a very long time. The stories we read and the characters we meet become a part of our own mind and heart. They are like treasures that we can come back to again and again in our lives. Even long after we have closed the book, these stories can still give us happiness, comfort, and good ideas. ("বই" কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে আমরা যখন পড়ি, তখন তা আমাদের সাথে অনেক দীর্ঘ সময় ধরে থাকে । আমরা যে গল্পগুলো পড়ি এবং যে চরিত্রগুলোর সাথে পরিচিত হই, সেগুলো আমাদের মন এবং হৃদয়ের একটি অংশ হয়ে যায় । সেগুলো সম্পদের মতো, যা আমরা আমাদের জীবনে বারবার ফিরে আসতে পারি । বই বন্ধ করার অনেক পরেও, এই গল্পগুলো আমাদের আনন্দ, সান্ত্বনা এবং ভালো ধারণা দিতে পারে ।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  show the strength of women?   The poem shows the strength of women through the second mother. This mother took on a hard job. But she gave love and support that never failed. The poem talks about her "cool and steady" hands. This is a picture of her calm and strong character. She had a quiet strength. This strength had a very big and good effect on the speaker's life. (কবিতাটি দ্বিতীয় মায়ের চরিত্রের মাধ্যমে নারীর শক্তি দেখায় । এই মা একটি কঠিন দায়িত্ব নিয়েছিলেন। কিন্তু তিনি এমন ভালোবাসা এবং সমর্থন দিয়েছিলেন যা কখনও ব্যর্থ হয়নি । কবিতাটি তার "শীতল এবং স্থির" হাতের কথা বলে। এটি তার শান্ত এবং শক্তিশালী চরিত্রের একটি প্রতীক । তার এক নীরব শক্তি ছিল। এই শক্তিটি বক্তার জীবনকে গভীরভাবে প্রভাবিত করেছিল ।) d) Why does the poet emphasize Mary's call in The Sands of Dee ?   The poet focuses on Mary's call because he wants to create a sad sound that we can't forget. This sound continues even after she has died. Her call used to be a simple job of calling her cows. But after her death, it becomes a spooky, ghost-like sound that fishermen hear. It becomes a symbol of her lost life. It also serves as a sad warning that is now a permanent part of the place. (কবি মেরির ডাকের উপর জোর দেন কারণ তিনি একটি দুঃখজনক এবং ভুতুড়ে প্রতিধ্বনি তৈরি করতে চান যা তার মৃত্যুর পরেও চলতে থাকে । তার ডাক, যা একসময় গবাদি পশু চরানোর একটি সহজ কাজ ছিল, জেলেদের শোনা একটি ভৌতিক শব্দে পরিণত হয় । এটি তার হারিয়ে যাওয়া জীবনের প্রতীক এবং সেই অঞ্চলের এক স্থায়ী, দুঃখজনক সতর্কবার্তা হিসাবে কাজ করে ।) e) How does Time, You Old Gipsy Man  reflect the poet's emotions about aging?   The poem shows the poet's sad feelings about getting older. He wishes that time would stop. He lists all the beautiful things that time carries away. He talks about "sweet girls" and "brave boys". This shows that he misses being young. He is sad that as time passes, people must get old. They must lose the wonderful things they once had. (কবিতাটি বার্ধক্য সম্পর্কে কবির বিষণ্ণ এবং কিছুটা দুঃখজনক আবেগ প্রতিফলিত করে । তিনি সময়কে থামানোর আকাঙ্ক্ষা করেন। তিনি সময়ের সাথে চলে যাওয়া সমস্ত সুন্দর জিনিসগুলোর বর্ণনা দেন—যেমন "মিষ্টি মেয়ে" এবং "সাহসী ছেলে" । এটি যৌবনের প্রতি তার এক আকাঙ্ক্ষা এবং দুঃখকে দেখায়, কারণ সময়ের উত্তরণ অনিবার্যভাবে বার্ধক্য এবং যা একসময় ছিল তা হারানোর দিকে নিয়ে যায় ।) f) What does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening reveal about responsibilities?   The poem shows that our duties in life are a very strong force that keeps us grounded. The speaker really wants to stay in the peaceful woods. It is a big temptation for him. But in the end, he is guided by his "promises to keep". This shows that the promises we make to other people and to ourselves are a very important part of life's journey. We must honor these duties even more than what we want for ourselves. (কবিতাটি প্রকাশ করে যে দায়িত্ব জীবনের এক শক্তিশালী, ভিত্তি স্থাপনকারী শক্তি । শান্তিপূর্ণ জঙ্গলে থাকার গভীর প্রলোভন সত্ত্বেও, বক্তা শেষ পর্যন্ত তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রক্ষা করার" দ্বারা পরিচালিত হন । এটি দেখায় যে অন্যদের প্রতি এবং নিজের প্রতি বাধ্যবাধকতা মানব যাত্রার একটি মৌলিক অংশ যা ব্যক্তিগত ইচ্ছার উপরে সম্মান করা আবশ্যক ।) g) How does Solitude  contrast feasting and fasting? The poem uses the ideas of "feasting" and "fasting" as pictures to show a difference. "Feasting" is a picture for happy times, and "fasting" is a picture for sad times. "Feasting in your halls" means having good times and success, which makes many people want to be with you. "Fasting" means having hard times and sadness. During these times, you are left all alone. This shows that people's friendship can be selfish. (কবিতাটি ভাগ করে নেওয়া আনন্দ এবং একাকী দুঃখের মধ্যে বৈসাদৃশ্য তৈরি করতে "ভোজ" এবং "উপবাস" রূপকভাবে ব্যবহার করে । "তোমার হলে ভোজ" সাফল্য এবং সুখের মুহূর্তগুলোকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, যা মানুষের ভিড় আকর্ষণ করে । "উপবাস" কষ্ট এবং শোকের সময়কে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, যে সময়ে একজনকে একা থাকতে হয়, যা মানব সঙ্গের স্বার্থপর প্রকৃতিকে তুলে ধরে ।) Set 8 a) How does O Me! O Life!  suggest making an impact on the world?   The poem suggests that making a difference in the world is not about doing huge, heroic things. It is about adding your own special "verse". This idea means that every single person's life, voice, and actions are important. It does not matter how small they seem. They all add something to the big story of all people. Because of this, every small action has great meaning. (কবিতাটি পরামর্শ দেয় যে বিশ্বে প্রভাব ফেলা কোনো মহৎ, বীরত্বপূর্ণ কাজ নয়, বরং নিজের অনন্য "শ্লোক" যোগ করা । এই রূপকটি বোঝায় যে প্রতিটি ব্যক্তির জীবন, কণ্ঠ এবং কর্ম, যতই ছোট হোক না কেন, মানবতার সম্মিলিত গল্পে যোগ হয় এবং এভাবেই তার তাৎপর্য রয়েছে ।) b) Why does the poet in Books  refer to books as “friends”? The poet calls books "friends" because they act like good friends do. They give us company when we are lonely. They give us comfort when we are sad. And they can give us good advice. Books are always there for us when we need them. We can trust them to share their stories and wisdom. They are always present in our lives, and they never judge us. (কবি বইকে "বন্ধু" হিসাবে উল্লেখ করেছেন কারণ, ভালো বন্ধুর মতো, তারা সঙ্গ, সান্ত্বনা এবং নির্দেশনা প্রদান করে । তারা সর্বদা পাশে থাকে, গল্প এবং জ্ঞান ভাগ করে নেওয়ার জন্য বিশ্বাস করা যায়, এবং কোনো বিচার ছাড়াই একজন ব্যক্তির জীবনে একটি ধ্রুবক, নির্ভরযোগ্য উপস্থিতি প্রদান করে ।) c) How does Two Mothers Remembered  reflect on aging? The poem thinks about getting older by showing us memories from a grown-up point of view. The speaker is looking back at when she was young. She describes the second mother's "old silk dress" and her calm way of being. This shows us a mother who has already grown old. Now, the speaker is older too. So she can understand and appreciate the good sense and steadiness that came with her mother's age. (কবিতাটি বক্তার স্মৃতিগুলোকে একটি পরিপক্ক দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে উপস্থাপন করে বার্ধক্যের উপর আলোকপাত করে, যেখানে সে তার যৌবনের দিকে ফিরে তাকায় । দ্বিতীয় মায়ের "পুরানো রেশমি পোশাক" এবং তার শান্ত আচরণের বর্ণনা এমন একজন ব্যক্তিকে ইঙ্গিত করে যিনি ইতিমধ্যে বয়স্ক হয়েছেন । এখন বক্তা নিজেও বয়স্ক, তাই তিনি সেই বয়সের সাথে আসা জ্ঞান এবং স্থিতিশীলতাকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে উপলব্ধি করতে পারেন ।) d) How does The Sands of Dee  use repetition for effect?   The poem uses repetition to make the story more powerful. It especially repeats the line "And call the cattle home". This repetition makes the poem feel like a sad, haunting song. It helps us feel the tragedy more deeply. By repeating the line again and again, the poem puts the picture of Mary's last job deep into our minds. Her ghostly, echoing call becomes the part of the poem that we can never forget. ("দ্য স্যান্ডস অফ ডি" পুনরাবৃত্তি ব্যবহার করে, বিশেষ করে "এবং গবাদি পশুদের ঘরে ডাকো" ধুয়াটিতে, একটি ভুতুড়ে, গানের মতো গুণ তৈরি করতে যা悲剧 (tragedy)-কে জোর দেয় । ধ্রুবক পুনরাবৃত্তি মেরি'র ভাগ্য-নির্ধারিত কাজের কেন্দ্রীয় চিত্রটি পাঠকের মনে গেঁথে দেয়, যা তার ভৌতিক, প্রতিধ্বনিত ডাককে কবিতার অবিস্মরণীয় হৃদয়ে পরিণত করে ।) e) What is the poet’s view of time in Time, You Old Gipsy Man ?   The poet sees time as something beautiful, but also cruel and uncaring. He pictures time as a "gipsy man". This shows he understands time's wild freedom and beauty. But he also sees its cruel side. Time steals away our special moments. It takes away the people we love. And it does this without ever stopping or showing any kindness. (কবির দৃষ্টিতে সময় প্রকৃতির এক সুন্দর কিন্তু নিষ্ঠুর এবং উদাসীন শক্তি । তিনি এটিকে একজন "জিপসি ম্যান" হিসাবে ব্যক্ত করেছেন, এর বন্য স্বাধীনতা এবং আকর্ষণকে স্বীকার করেছেন । কিন্তু তিনি মূল্যবান মুহূর্ত এবং প্রিয়জনকে কখনো না থেমে বা দয়া না দেখিয়ে চুরি করে নেওয়ার নিষ্ঠুরতাকেও স্বীকার করেছেন ।) f) How does Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening capture a sense of wonder?   The poem creates a feeling of wonder with its simple but beautiful pictures of nature. It describes the woods as "lovely, dark and deep". It talks about the "easy wind and downy flake" of snow. The world is very quiet, and the only sound is from the bells on the horse's harness. All these details create a magical and amazing feeling that fills the speaker with awe. (কবিতাটি প্রাকৃতিক বিশ্বের সহজ কিন্তু গভীর চিত্রকল্পের মাধ্যমে এক বিস্ময়ের অনুভূতি ধারণ করে । জঙ্গলকে "সুন্দর, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করা, "সহজ বাতাস এবং নরম তুষার কণা," এবং কেবল ঘুঙুরের শব্দে ভেঙে যাওয়া গভীর নীরবতা এক জাদুকরী, মুগ্ধকর পরিবেশ তৈরি করে যা বক্তাকে বিস্ময়ে পূর্ণ করে ।) g) What warning does Solitude  give about human behavior?   The poem "Solitude" gives us a warning. It warns us that people's friendships are often not very deep. They can be selfish. The poem warns that people will come to you when you are happy and successful. But they will probably leave you when you are having a hard time. The poem tells us not to count only on other people for help. This is because friendships with people can often change and disappear. ("সলিটিউড" মানব আচরণের শর্তসাপেক্ষ এবং প্রায়শই স্বার্থপর প্রকৃতি সম্পর্কে একটি সতর্কবার্তা দেয় । এটি সতর্ক করে যে মানুষ সাফল্য এবং সুখের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় কিন্তু কষ্টের সময়ে আপনাকে সম্ভবত ত্যাগ করবে । কবিতাটি সমর্থনের জন্য কেবল অন্যদের উপর নির্ভর করার বিরুদ্ধে সাবধান করে, কারণ মানব সঙ্গ প্রায়শই ক্ষণস্থায়ী ।)

All Linkers/ Connectors/Transtional Words from SSC & HSC Board Questions ➕ 1. Addition (যোগ) These connectors add more information or reinforce an idea. additionally  (অতিরিক্তভাবে) again  (আবার) along with  (সাথে) also  (আরও) and  (এবং) as well as  (পাশাপাশি) besides  (এছাড়াও) equally important  (সমানভাবে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ) furthermore  (অধিকন্তু) in addition  (অতিরিক্ত) in the same vein  (একই ধারায়) including  (সহ) likewise  (একইভাবে) moreover  (অধিকন্তু) what's more  (আর কী) 🔢 2. Listing & Sequence (তালিকা ও ক্রম) These connectors organize points or events in a clear order. after  (পরে) afterwards  (তারপরে) at last / finally  (অবশেষে) eventually  (অবশেষে) first and foremost  (প্রথম এবং সর্বাগ্রে) firstly / in the first place / to begin with / to start with  (প্রথমত / শুরুতে) in the end  (পরিশেষে) last of all / lastly  (সর্বশেষে) next / then  (এরপর / তারপর) secondly, thirdly, etc.  (দ্বিতীয়ত, তৃতীয়ত, ইত্যাদি) subsequently  (পরবর্তীতে) ❓ 3. Reason & Cause (যুক্তি ও কারণ) These connectors explain why  something happens. as  (যেহেতু) because / because of  (কারণে) due to / owing to / on account of  (জন্যে / কারণে) for  (জন্য) for this reason  (এই কারণে) in this way  (এইভাবে) seeing that  (যেহেতু) since  (যেহেতু) ➡️ 4. Result & Consequence (ফলাফল ও পরিণতি) These connectors show the effect  or outcome  of an action. accordingly  (তদনুসারে) as a consequence / consequently  (ফলস্বরূপ) as a result  (ফলে) hence  (অতএব) so  (তাই) that's why / this is why  (এইজন্যই) thereby  (তদ্বারা) therefore  (অতএব) thus  (এইভাবে) 🔄 5. Contrast (বৈসাদৃশ্য) These connectors introduce a directly opposing idea. alternatively  (বিকল্পভাবে) but  (কিন্তু) conversely  (বিপরীতভাবে) however  (যাইহোক) in contrast  (বিপরীতে) instead / instead of  (পরিবর্তে) on the contrary  (বিপরীতপক্ষে) on the flip side  (এর অন্যদিক দেখলে) on the other hand  (অন্যদিকে) rather  (বরং) whereas  (যেখানে) yet  (তবুও) 👌 6. Concession (স্বীকৃতিমূলক বিপরীত) These connectors admit a point before introducing an opposing or overriding one. admittedly  (স্বীকার্য যে) although / though  (যদিও) despite / in spite of  (সত্ত্বেও) even if / even so  (এমনকি যদি / তবুও) granted / granted that  (এটা ঠিক যে / স্বীকার্য যে) having said that / that said  (তা সত্ত্বেও) nevertheless / nonetheless  (তথাপি) still  (এখনও) to be sure  (নিশ্চিতভাবে) while  (যদিও) ⏳ 7. Time (সময়) These connectors situate events in a timeframe. as soon as  (যত তাড়াতাড়ি) as usual  (যথারীতি) at present / nowadays  (বর্তমানে) at the same time * (একই সময়ে) before  (আগে) beforehand  (পূর্বাহ্নে) by the time  (যে সময়ের মধ্যে) during  (সময়কালে) earlier / previously  (পূর্বে) henceforth  ( অতঃপর) in the interim / in the meantime  (অন্তর্বর্তী সময়ে / ইতিমধ্যে) in the past  (অতীতে) gradually  (ধীরে ধীরে) later  (পরে) meanwhile  (ইতিমধ্যে) now  (এখন) once  (একবার) often  (প্রায়ই) prior to  (পূর্বে) simultaneously  (একই সাথে) sometimes  (মাঝে মাঝে) suddenly  (হঠাৎ) ultimately  (শেষ পর্যন্ত) until  (যতক্ষণ না) when / whenever  (যখন / যখনই) *Note: "At the same time" can also be used for contrast. 📜 8. Condition (শর্ত) These words introduce a condition on which something else depends. as long as  (যতক্ষণ পর্যন্ত) if  (যদি) in case / in the event that  (যদি / কোনো কারণে যদি) on condition that  (এই শর্তে যে) otherwise  (অন্যথায়) provided that  (শর্ত থাকে যে) unless  (যদি না) 🎯 9. Purpose (উদ্দেশ্য) These connectors explain the objective or goal of an action. for this purpose  (এই উদ্দেশ্যে) in order to  (জন্যে) so that  (যাতে) with a view to  (উদ্দেশ্যে) 🛠️ 10. Manner (ধরণ বা উপায়) These connectors describe how  something is done. according to  (অনুযায়ী) as if / as though  (যেন) by  (দ্বারা) by means of  (উপায়ে) in such a way that  (এমনভাবে যে) 📝 11. Example (উদাহরণ) These words are used to introduce specific examples to clarify a point. a case in point  (একটি सटीक উদাহরণ) for example / for instance  (উদাহরণস্বরূপ) like  (যেমন) such as  (যথা) to give an illustration  (একটি উদাহরণ দিতে) to illustrate  (উদাহরণ হিসেবে দেখানো) ✨ 12. Emphasis (গুরুত্ব আরোপ) These connectors are used to place special importance on a point. above all  (সর্বোপরি) certainly  (নিশ্চিতভাবে) even  (এমনকি) especially / specially  (বিশেষভাবে) in fact / indeed  (প্রকৃতপক্ষে) mainly  (প্রধানত) most importantly  (সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণভাবে) of course  (অবশ্যই) only  (শুধুমাত্র) surely  (নিশ্চয়ই) undoubtedly / no doubt / without a doubt (নিঃসন্দেহে) virtually  (কার্যত) 💡 13. Clarification (স্পষ্টীকরণ) These connectors are used to make something clearer or easier to understand. actually  (প্রকৃতপক্ষে) as a matter of fact  (আসলে) in other words  (অন্য কথায়) needless to say  (বলাই বাহুল্য) obviously  (স্পষ্টতই) put simply / to put it another way  (সহজভাবে বলতে গেলে / অন্যভাবে বলতে গেলে) that is  (অর্থাৎ) to clarify  (স্পষ্ট করতে) 📖 14. Reference (উল্লেখ) These words refer to a particular subject. concerning / regarding  (বিষয়ে) in this regard / in this respect  (এই বিষয়ে) with reference to  (এর প্রসঙ্গে) 🎯 15. Specification (নির্দিষ্টকরণ) These words specify or single out a particular point. in particular  (বিশেষত) namely  (যথা) specifically / to be specific / to be precise (সুনির্দিষ্টভাবে / নির্ভুলভাবে বলতে গেলে) ⚖️ 16. Comparison (তুলনা) These connectors are used to show how things are similar or different. as  (মতো) by the same token  (একইভাবে) compared to / in comparison with  (তুলনায়) similarly / in the same way  (একইভাবে) than  (চেয়ে) 🌐 17. Generalization (সাধারণীকরণ) These connectors introduce a general statement or a usual case. as a rule  (নিয়ম হিসাবে) broadly speaking  (ব্যাপকভাবে বলতে গেলে) by and large  (মোটের উপর) for the most part  (অধিকাংশ ক্ষেত্রে) in general / generally speaking  (সাধারণভাবে) on the whole  (মোটের উপর) 📜 18. Summary (সারসংক্ষেপ) These connectors are used to summarize the main points. as a whole  (সামগ্রিকভাবে) in brief / in short  (সংক্ষেপে) in summary / to sum up  (সারসংক্ষেপে) to put it briefly  (সংক্ষেপে বলতে গেলে) 🏁 19. Conclusion (উপসংহার) These connectors signal the very end of a discussion. all in all  (সব মিলিয়ে) given these points  (এই বিষয়গুলো বিবেচনায়) in closing  (সমাপ্তিতে) in conclusion / to conclude  (উপসংহারে) taking everything into account  (সবকিছু বিবেচনা করে) 📍 20. Place (স্থান) These words refer to a place, position, or location. there  (সেখানে) where  (যেখানে) wherever  (যেখানেই) 🔗 21. Clause Connectors (বাক্যাংশ সংযোজক) These words (pronouns, adverbs, conjunctions) connect a dependent clause to an independent clause. how  (কিভাবে) that  (যে) what  (যা) whether  (কিনা) which  (যা) who  (যে) whom  (যাকে) whose  (যার) why  (কেন) ↔️ 22. Correlative Conjunctions (সহ-সম্বন্ধযুক্ত সংযোজক) These are pairs of connectors that work together to join equal sentence parts. as...as  (মতো...মতো) both...and  (উভয়ই...এবং) either...or  (হয়...না হয়) hardly...when  (হতে না হতেই...) neither...nor  (এও না...ওটাও না) no sooner...than  (হতে না হতেই...) not only...but also  (শুধু...নয়, ...ও) such...that  (এত...যে) whether...or  (হোক...বা)

Solitude By Ella Wheeler Wilcox Laugh, and the world laughs with you; Weep, and you weep alone; For the sad old earth must borrow its mirth, But has trouble enough of its own. Sing, and the hills will answer; Sigh, it is lost on the air; The echoes bound to a joyful sound, But shrink from voicing care. Rejoice, and men will seek you; Grieve, and they turn and go; They want full measure of all your pleasure, But they do not need your woe. Be glad, and your friends are many; Be sad, and you lose them all,— There are none to decline your nectared wine, But alone you must drink life’s gall. Feast, and your halls are crowded; Fast, and the world goes by. Succeed and give, and it helps you live, But no man can help you die. There is room in the halls of pleasure For a large and lordly train, But one by one we must all file on Through the narrow aisles of pain. Bangla Translation: Solitude (একাকীত্ব) Laugh, and the world laughs with you; হাসো, এবং বিশ্ব তোমার সাথে হাসে; Weep, and you weep alone; কাঁদো, এবং তুমি একা কাঁদো; For the sad old earth must borrow its mirth, কারণ দুঃখী পৃথিবী তার আনন্দ ধার করতে হয়, But has trouble enough of its own. কিন্তু তার নিজেরই যথেষ্ট সমস্যা রয়েছে। Sing, and the hills will answer; গাও, এবং পাহাড়গুলো তোমার গান শুনবে; Sigh, it is lost on the air; আহ ভর, তা বাতাসে হারিয়ে যায়; The echoes bound to a joyful sound, প্রতিধ্বনিগুলি আনন্দের সুরে বাঁধা থাকে, But shrink from voicing care. কিন্তু যত্নের শব্দে সঙ্কুচিত হয়ে যায়। Rejoice, and men will seek you; আনন্দিত হও, এবং মানুষ তোমার পাশে আসবে; Grieve, and they turn and go; দুঃখিত হও, এবং তারা তোমাকে ছেড়ে চলে যাবে; They want full measure of all your pleasure, তারা তোমার সব আনন্দের পূর্ণ পরিমাণ চায়, But they do not need your woe. কিন্তু তারা তোমার দুঃখ চায় না। Be glad, and your friends are many; খুশি হও, এবং তোমার বন্ধুদের সংখ্যা অনেক; Be sad, and you lose them all,— দুঃখিত হও, এবং তুমি তাদের সবাইকে হারাবে,— There are none to decline your nectared wine, তোমার মিষ্টি মদের অস্বীকার করার কেউ থাকবে না, But alone you must drink life’s gall. কিন্তু একা তোমাকে জীবনের তিক্ততা পান করতে হবে। Feast, and your halls are crowded; পথ্য খাও, এবং তোমার হল ভিড়ে পূর্ণ হবে; Fast, and the world goes by. উপবাস কর, এবং বিশ্ব তোমাকে পাশ কাটিয়ে চলে যাবে। Succeed and give, and it helps you live, সফল হও এবং দাও, এটি তোমার জীবনকে সাহায্য করবে, But no man can help you die. কিন্তু কেউ তোমাকে মরতে সাহায্য করতে পারবে না। There is room in the halls of pleasure আনন্দের হলগুলিতে স্থান রয়েছে For a large and lordly train, একটি বড় এবং রাজকীয় পালকরণের জন্য, But one by one we must all file on কিন্তু একে একে আমাদের সবাইকে চলতে হবে Through the narrow aisles of pain. যন্ত্রনার সরু পথ দিয়ে। Paraphrasing Laugh, and the world laughs with you; When you're happy, others will join in your happiness. Laughter is contagious, so when you laugh, others will also smile and feel joy with you. Weep, and you weep alone; But when you are sad and crying, you’ll often find yourself alone. People tend to avoid being around you when you're upset. For the sad old earth must borrow its mirth, The world around us is filled with sadness, so it takes joy from people, events, or moments. The earth itself doesn't naturally have happiness, but needs it from us. But has trouble enough of its own. The world is full of its own problems and difficulties, so it doesn’t have the capacity to share your sadness or join you in your sorrow. Sing, and the hills will answer; When you sing or express happiness, the world seems to reflect your joy. Even nature, like the hills, seems to respond to your cheerfulness. Sigh, it is lost on the air; However, when you sigh or express sadness, it feels like it fades away, unnoticed by the world. Your sadness doesn't get any response from your surroundings. The echoes bound to a joyful sound, Echoes or sounds that reflect from nature or the environment seem to respond to joyful or happy sounds. Happiness brings a return of positive energy. But shrink from voicing care. But echoes avoid reflecting sadness or worry. They seem to hide from negative emotions and won’t carry those feelings back to you. Rejoice, and men will seek you; When you are happy and celebrating, people will come to you. Happiness attracts others, and they want to be part of your joy. Grieve, and they turn and go; But when you are grieving or going through hard times, people will tend to leave. They don’t want to deal with your sadness and will distance themselves from you. They want full measure of all your pleasure, People love to share in your happiness and good times. They want to experience the happiness you’re having, and they’ll stay to enjoy it with you. But they do not need your woe. However, when you are struggling or in pain, people don’t want to be part of your suffering. They don’t want to experience your sadness and will often avoid you during those times. Be glad, and your friends are many; When you're happy, you will have many friends around you. People are drawn to those who are cheerful and positive. Be sad, and you lose them all, But when you're sad or going through difficult emotions, you might lose your friends. People are often quick to leave when you're feeling down. There are none to decline your nectared wine, When you offer happiness or good times (symbolized as "nectared wine"), no one refuses it. Everyone wants to share in the sweetness of joy and positive moments. But alone you must drink life’s gall. But when it comes to hardship or difficult times (symbolized as "life’s gall"), you must face it alone. People won’t share in your suffering, and you’ll have to endure it on your own. Feast, and your halls are crowded; When you are celebrating or enjoying a feast, your home (or metaphorical "halls") will be full of people. Happiness and celebration attract others. Fast, and the world goes by. But when you’re going through tough times or "fasting" (symbolizing times of deprivation or suffering), the world seems to ignore you and keep moving on without noticing your pain. Succeed and give, and it helps you live, When you succeed and share your success with others, it makes you feel good and alive. Success and generosity bring joy to your life and help you connect with others. But no man can help you die. However, when death comes, no one can help you. In the end, everyone must face death alone, as no one can prevent or control it for you. There is room in the halls of pleasure There is always space for people in times of happiness and enjoyment. During joyful times, you’ll always find people around you. For a large and lordly train, When you're living in pleasure and joy, many people will gather around you, like a grand procession or parade. Success and joy attract many followers. But one by one we must all file on But when it comes to pain, loss, or suffering, each person must face it individually. No one can share the path of hardship with you; it’s something you must walk alone. Through the narrow aisles of pain. Pain is narrow, isolating, and hard to navigate. When we go through difficult times, we must face them alone, step by step, without any help from others. Verse-wise Paraphrase Verse 1 Laugh, and the world laughs with you; Weep, and you weep alone; For the sad old earth must borrow its mirth, But has trouble enough of its own. Paraphrase:  When you are happy and laugh, other people will want to be around you and share your joy. But when you are sad and cry, you will have to go through it by yourself. This happens because the world is already full of its own problems. It looks for happiness from others, but it doesn't have the space to take on anyone else's sadness. আপনি যখন খুশি থাকেন ও হাসেন, তখন অন্য মানুষেরা আপনার আশেপাশে থাকতে চায় এবং আপনার আনন্দে ভাগ নিতে চায়। কিন্তু যখন আপনি দুঃখী হন ও কাঁদেন, তখন আপনাকে একাই সেই সময়টা পার করতে হয়। এমনটা হয় কারণ এই পৃথিবীটা এমনিতেই সমস্যায় ভরা। তাই পৃথিবী অন্যের কাছ থেকে আনন্দ খুঁজে বেড়ায়, কিন্তু অন্য কারো দুঃখের ভার নেওয়ার মতো জায়গা তার নেই। Verse 2 Sing, and the hills will answer; Sigh, it is lost on the air; The echoes bound to a joyful sound, But shrink from voicing care. Paraphrase:  If you sing a happy song, it feels like the whole world, even the hills, is singing back to you. Your joy gets bigger. But if you let out a sad sigh, the sound just disappears. Nobody notices it. It's like even echoes love to repeat a happy sound, but they refuse to repeat a sound of sadness. আপনি যদি খুশির গান গান, তাহলে মনে হবে যেন পুরো পৃথিবী, এমনকি পাহাড়গুলোও আপনার সাথে গলা মেলাচ্ছে। আপনার আনন্দ আরও বেড়ে যায়। কিন্তু আপনি যদি দুঃখের নিঃশ্বাস ফেলেন, সেই শব্দটা বাতাসে হারিয়ে যায়। কেউ তা খেয়াল করে না। ব্যাপারটা এমন যে, প্রতিধ্বনিও যেন আনন্দের শব্দকেই বারবার ফিরিয়ে দিতে ভালোবাসে, কিন্তু দুঃখের শব্দকে ফিরিয়ে দিতে চায় না। Verse 3 Rejoice, and men will seek you; Grieve, and they turn and go; They want full measure of all your pleasure, But they do not need your woe . Easy English Paraphrase:  When you are celebrating and having a good time, people will want to be your friend and come near you. But if you are sad or in pain, they will leave you. This is because people want to share all of your happy moments, but they don't want any part of your sad moments or problems. আপনি যখন উৎসব করেন এবং ভালো সময় কাটান, তখন মানুষেরা আপনার বন্ধু হতে চায় এবং আপনার কাছে আসতে চায়। কিন্তু আপনি যদি দুঃখ বা কষ্টে থাকেন, তারা আপনাকে ছেড়ে চলে যাবে। এর কারণ হলো, মানুষেরা আপনার সব খুশির মুহূর্তের ভাগ নিতে চায়, কিন্তু তারা আপনার দুঃখের বা সমস্যার কোনো অংশীদার হতে চায় না। Verse 4 Be glad, and your friends are many; Be sad, and you lose them all,— There are none to decline your nectared wine, But alone you must drink life’s gall. Paraphrase:  If you are a happy person, you will seem to have many friends. But if you become a sad person, you will lose all of them. Think of it like this: nobody will say "no" if you offer them a sweet drink (like your good times). But you will have to drink the bitter, bad-tasting medicine (like life's hard times) all by yourself. আপনি যদি একজন সুখী মানুষ হন, তাহলে আপনার অনেক বন্ধু থাকবে বলে মনে হবে। কিন্তু আপনি যদি দুঃখী হয়ে পড়েন, তাহলে আপনি তাদের সবাইকে হারাবেন। ব্যাপারটা এভাবে ভাবুন: আপনি যদি কাউকে মিষ্টি শরবত (আপনার ভালো সময়ের মতো) খেতে দেন, তবে কেউ না বলবে না। কিন্তু জীবনের তেতো ওষুধটা (আপনার খারাপ সময়ের মতো) আপনাকে একাই খেতে হবে। Verse 5 Feast, and your halls are crowded; Fast, and the world goes by. Succeed and give, and it helps you live, But no man can help you die. Paraphrase:  When you have a big party with lots of food, your house will be full of people. But when you have nothing (like you are fasting), people will just ignore you and walk past. Being successful and generous can help you in life, but when it is your time to die, you must face it completely alone. Nobody can help you with that. আপনি যখন অনেক খাবারদাবার দিয়ে বড় কোনো অনুষ্ঠান করেন, তখন আপনার বাড়ি লোকে ভরে যায়। কিন্তু যখন আপনার কাছে কিছুই থাকে না (যেমন আপনি উপোস করছেন), তখন লোকেরা আপনাকে এড়িয়ে চলে যায়। সফল হওয়া এবং অন্যকে সাহায্য করা আপনাকে জীবনে চলতে সাহায্য করতে পারে, কিন্তু যখন আপনার মারা যাওয়ার সময় হবে, তখন তার মুখোমুখি আপনাকে সম্পূর্ণ একাই হতে হবে। সেই ব্যাপারে কেউ আপনাকে সাহায্য করতে পারবে না। Verse 6 There is room in the halls of pleasure For a large and lordly train, But one by one we must all file on Through the narrow aisles of pain. Paraphrase:  Imagine a very large, beautiful room where people have fun. There is enough space in that room for many, many people to celebrate together. This is what happiness is like. But pain is like a very narrow path or hallway. On that path, there is only space for one person at a time. So, when we experience pain, we must walk through it all by ourselves, one by one. ভাবুন, একটা অনেক বড়, সুন্দর ঘর আছে যেখানে সবাই আনন্দ করে। সেই ঘরে একসঙ্গে উৎসব করার জন্য অনেক মানুষের জায়গা হয়। আনন্দটাও ঠিক এমনই। কিন্তু কষ্ট হলো একটা খুব সরু পথ বা গলির মতো। সেই পথে একবারে শুধু একজন মানুষেরই হাঁটার জায়গা থাকে। তাই, আমরা যখন কষ্ট পাই, তখন সেই পথটা আমাদের এক এক করে, সম্পূর্ণ একাই পার হতে হয়। Summary of "Solitude" by Ella Wheeler Wilcox: In the poem "Solitude," the speaker reflects on the nature of human relationships and the experience of loneliness. The central idea is that joy and success attract others, while sorrow and struggle often lead to isolation. The poem contrasts the responses people have when someone is happy versus when they are sad. The first stanza sets the tone by stating that when someone laughs, others join in, but when they weep, they weep alone. The world enjoys joy but is indifferent to sorrow because it has its own troubles to deal with. The following stanzas continue this theme, showing that happiness brings people close, while grief drives them away. People seek pleasure, not pain, and thus, when one is joyful, they are surrounded by friends, but when sorrowful, they lose their support system. In the next section, the poem describes how people celebrate with you when you feast, but when you fast, you are left alone. Similarly, success brings people into your life, but when you face failure or death, no one can help you. The speaker also contrasts the “halls of pleasure” where many people gather with the “narrow aisles of pain” where individuals must go through hardship alone, emphasizing the solitary nature of suffering. The poem ultimately conveys that happiness is a shared experience, but sorrow, pain, and death are often faced alone. The speaker seems to reflect on the emptiness of human relationships, where people are more attracted to pleasure and success than to the challenges and griefs of others. Bangla Translation (Summary) এলা হুইলার উইলকক্সের "নির্জনতা" কবিতার সারাংশ: "নির্জনতা" কবিতায় বক্তা মানব সম্পর্কের প্রকৃতি এবং একাকীত্বের অভিজ্ঞতার উপর প্রতিফলন করেছেন। মূল ধারণা হল আনন্দ এবং সাফল্য অন্যদের আকর্ষণ করে, যখন দুঃখ এবং সংগ্রাম প্রায়শই বিচ্ছিন্নতার দিকে পরিচালিত করে। কবিতাটি যখন কেউ খুশি থাকে এবং যখন তারা দুঃখী হয় তখন মানুষের প্রতিক্রিয়ার তুলনা করে। প্রথম স্তবকটি সুরটি সেট করে বলে যে যখন কেউ হাসে, তখন অন্যরা এতে যোগ দেয়, কিন্তু যখন তারা কাঁদে, তখন তারা একা কাঁদে। পৃথিবী আনন্দ উপভোগ করে কিন্তু দুঃখের প্রতি উদাসীন কারণ এর নিজস্ব সমস্যা রয়েছে। নিম্নলিখিত স্তবকগুলি এই থিমটি অব্যাহত রেখেছে, দেখায় যে সুখ মানুষকে কাছে নিয়ে আসে, যখন দুঃখ তাদের দূরে সরিয়ে দেয়। মানুষ আনন্দ খোঁজে, ব্যথা নয়, এবং এইভাবে, যখন কেউ আনন্দিত হয়, তখন তারা বন্ধুদের দ্বারা বেষ্টিত থাকে, কিন্তু যখন দুঃখিত হয়, তখন তারা তাদের সমর্থন ব্যবস্থা হারিয়ে ফেলে। পরবর্তী অংশে, কবিতাটি বর্ণনা করে যে আপনি যখন ভোজ করেন তখন লোকেরা কীভাবে আপনার সাথে উদযাপন করে, কিন্তু যখন আপনি উপবাস করেন, তখন আপনি একা থাকেন। একইভাবে, সাফল্য আপনার জীবনে মানুষকে নিয়ে আসে, কিন্তু যখন আপনি ব্যর্থতা বা মৃত্যুর মুখোমুখি হন, তখন কেউ আপনাকে সাহায্য করতে পারে না। বক্তা "আনন্দের হল"-এর সাথে "বেদনার সংকীর্ণ পথ"-এর তুলনা করেছেন যেখানে অনেক মানুষ একত্রিত হয়, যেখানে ব্যক্তিদের একাকী কষ্টের মধ্য দিয়ে যেতে হয়, দুঃখের একাকী প্রকৃতির উপর জোর দিয়ে। কবিতাটি শেষ পর্যন্ত বোঝায় যে সুখ একটি ভাগ করা অভিজ্ঞতা, কিন্তু দুঃখ, বেদনা এবং মৃত্যুর মুখোমুখি প্রায়শই একা হতে হয়। বক্তা মানব সম্পর্কের শূন্যতার প্রতিফলন করেছেন বলে মনে হচ্ছে, যেখানে মানুষ অন্যদের চ্যালেঞ্জ এবং দুঃখের চেয়ে আনন্দ এবং সাফল্যের প্রতি বেশি আকৃষ্ট হয়। Theme of the Poem The main theme of this poem is the powerful difference between how people treat happiness versus how they treat sadness. When you are happy and joyful, everyone wants to be around you to share in your good times. However, when you are sad or going through a difficult time, people tend to turn away, leaving you to face your struggles all by yourself. The poem teaches us that life's happy moments are often shared with many, but the deepest sorrows and pains are almost always experienced alone. [এই কবিতার মূলভাব হলো, মানুষ আনন্দের সাথে কেমন আচরণ করে এবং দুঃখের সাথে কেমন আচরণ করে—তার মধ্যেকার বিশাল পার্থক্য। যখন তুমি সুখী এবং আনন্দিত থাকো, তখন সবাই তোমার ভালো সময়ে অংশ নিতে তোমার চারপাশে থাকতে চায়। কিন্তু, যখন তুমি দুঃখী থাকো বা কোনো কঠিন সময়ের মধ্যে দিয়ে যাও, তখন মানুষেরা মুখ ফিরিয়ে নেয় এবং তোমাকে তোমার সমস্যাগুলোর মোকাবেলা করার জন্য একাই ছেড়ে দেয়। কবিতাটি আমাদের শেখায় যে জীবনের সুখী মুহূর্তগুলো প্রায়শই অনেকের সাথে ভাগ করে নেওয়া হয়, কিন্তু গভীরতম শোক এবং যন্ত্রণাগুলো প্রায় সবসময় একাই ভোগ করতে হয়।] Short Question Answer: 1. What happens when you laugh, according to the poem Solitude ? When you laugh, the entire world seems to laugh with you. This beautiful line means that your happiness spreads to others around you. People feel happy when they see you are joyful. Your laughter is like a positive energy that brings everyone together, and the world reflects that same happy feeling back to you. [যখন তুমি হাসো, তখন মনে হয় যেন পুরো পৃথিবীই তোমার সাথে হাসছে। এই সুন্দর লাইনটির অর্থ হলো, তোমার আনন্দ চারপাশের মানুষের মধ্যে ছড়িয়ে পড়ে। তুমি খুশি থাকলে অন্যরাও খুশি অনুভব করে। তোমার হাসি একটি ইতিবাচক শক্তির মতো যা সবাইকে একত্রিত করে, এবং পৃথিবীও সেই একই আনন্দের অনুভূতি তোমাকে ফিরিয়ে দেয়।] 2. What does the poem say about weeping in Solitude ? The poem says that when you weep, you must weep all by yourself. This suggests that sadness is a very lonely experience. When you are crying or feeling deep sorrow, you often have to face those difficult emotions alone. Others may not want to share in your pain, leaving you feeling isolated and unsupported. [কবিতাটি বলে যে যখন তুমি কাঁদো, তখন তোমাকে একাই কাঁদতে হয়। এটি বোঝায় যে দুঃখ একটি অত্যন্ত নিঃসঙ্গ অভিজ্ঞতা। যখন তুমি কাঁদো বা গভীর শোকে থাকো, তখন প্রায়শই তোমাকে সেই কঠিন অনুভূতিগুলোর মুখোমুখি একাই হতে হয়। অন্যেরা তোমার কষ্টে অংশ নিতে চায় না, যা তোমাকে একাকী ও অসহায় করে তোলে।] 3. What must the "sad old earth" borrow in Solitude ? The "sad old earth" must borrow its happiness, or "mirth." The poem imagines the earth as being naturally full of its own problems and sorrow. Therefore, it doesn't have its own joy. It can only experience happiness by taking it from the joyful and cheerful people who live on it. [এই "দুঃখী পুরোনো পৃথিবী"কে তার আনন্দ বা "স্ফূর্তি" ধার করতে হয়। কবিতাটিতে পৃথিবীকে এমনভাবে কল্পনা করা হয়েছে যা স্বাভাবিকভাবেই তার নিজের সমস্যা এবং দুঃখে পূর্ণ। তাই, এর নিজের কোনো আনন্দ নেই। এটি কেবল পৃথিবীতে বসবাসকারী আনন্দিত এবং হাসিখুশি মানুষদের কাছ থেকে আনন্দ ধার করে সুখী হতে পারে।] 4. What does the earth already have enough of in Solitude ? The earth already has more than enough trouble of its own. This line means that the world is already filled with so many problems, difficulties, and hardships. It is so burdened with its own issues that it cannot possibly take on the sadness or sorrow of anyone else. [পৃথিবীর নিজেরই যথেষ্টর চেয়েও বেশি সমস্যা রয়েছে। এই লাইনটির অর্থ হলো, পৃথিবী ইতিমধ্যেই অনেক সমস্যা, অসুবিধা এবং কষ্টে পূর্ণ। এটি তার নিজের বিষয়গুলো নিয়ে এতটাই ভারাক্রান্ত যে এটি অন্য কারও দুঃখ বা শোকের ভার নিতে পারে না।] 5. What is the response of the hills to singing in Solitude ? When you sing, the hills will answer your song. This creates a lovely image of nature responding to your happiness. The sound of your joyful singing echoes through the hills, making it seem as if the natural world is joyfully singing back to you. It shows how positivity is reflected by the world around you. [যখন তুমি গান গাও, তখন পাহাড়গুলো তোমার গানে সাড়া দেবে। এটি প্রকৃতির তোমার আনন্দে সাড়া দেওয়ার একটি সুন্দর চিত্র তৈরি করে। তোমার আনন্দময় গানের শব্দ পাহাড়ের মধ্যে প্রতিধ্বনিত হয়, যা শুনে মনে হয় যেন প্রকৃতিও আনন্দের সাথে তোমার সাথে গাইছে। এটি দেখায় যে তোমার চারপাশের পৃথিবী কীভাবে ইতিবাচকতার প্রতিফলন ঘটায়।] 6. What happens to a sigh in Solitude ? A sigh is simply lost on the air. When you sigh, you are expressing a quiet sadness or frustration. However, the poem suggests that this small expression of sorrow goes completely unnoticed by the world. It just disappears into the air without anyone acknowledging or responding to it, highlighting how sadness is often ignored. [একটি দীর্ঘশ্বাস কেবল বাতাসে হারিয়ে যায়। যখন তুমি দীর্ঘশ্বাস ফেলো, তখন তুমি একটি নীরব দুঃখ বা হতাশা প্রকাশ করো। কিন্তু, কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে দুঃখের এই ছোট প্রকাশটি পৃথিবীর কাছে সম্পূর্ণ অলক্ষিত থেকে যায়। এটি কারও תשומת לב বা সাড়া ছাড়াই বাতাসে মিশে যায়, যা তুলে ধরে যে দুঃখকে প্রায়শই উপেক্ষা করা হয়।] 7. What kind of sound do echoes respond to in Solitude ? Echoes only respond to joyful and happy sounds. The poem uses echoes to represent how the world reacts to your emotions. It suggests that nature, or the world, will only reflect back positive sounds like singing. It does not return or acknowledge sounds of sadness or care. [প্রতিধ্বনি কেবল আনন্দময় এবং সুখী শব্দে সাড়া দেয়। কবিতাটিতে প্রতিধ্বনিকে ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে এটা বোঝানোর জন্য যে পৃথিবী তোমার অনুভূতির প্রতি কেমন প্রতিক্রিয়া দেখায়। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রকৃতি, বা পৃথিবী, কেবল গানের মতো ইতিবাচক শব্দকেই প্রতিফলিত করবে। এটি দুঃখ বা যন্ত্রণার শব্দ ফিরিয়ে দেয় না বা স্বীকার করে না।] 8. How do echoes react to voicing care in Solitude ? Echoes shrink away from the sound of someone voicing care. This means that when you express concern, worry, or sadness, the world (represented by echoes) does not respond. Instead of reflecting that emotion back, it pulls away from it. This reinforces the idea that the world avoids and ignores negative or sorrowful feelings. [প্রতিধ্বনি কারও উদ্বেগের শব্দ থেকে সংকুচিত হয়ে দূরে সরে যায়। এর মানে হলো, যখন তুমি উদ্বেগ, দুশ্চিন্তা বা দুঃখ প্রকাশ করো, তখন পৃথিবী (প্রতিধ্বনি দ্বারা উপস্থাপিত) কোনো সাড়া দেয় না। সেই অনুভূতিটি প্রতিফলিত করার পরিবর্তে, এটি তা থেকে দূরে সরে যায়। এটি এই ধারণাটিকে আরও শক্তিশালী করে যে পৃথিবী নেতিবাচক বা দুঃখজনক অনুভূতি এড়িয়ে চলে এবং উপেক্ষা করে।] 9. What happens when you rejoice, according to Solitude ? When you rejoice and celebrate your happiness, people will actively seek you out and want to be near you. Your joy and positive energy act like a magnet, attracting others who want to share in your good feelings. People are naturally drawn to cheerful and happy individuals. [যখন তুমি আনন্দ প্রকাশ করো এবং তোমার সুখ উদযাপন করো, তখন মানুষেরা তোমাকে খুঁজে বের করবে এবং তোমার কাছাকাছি থাকতে চাইবে। তোমার আনন্দ এবং ইতিবাচক শক্তি একটি চুম্বকের মতো কাজ করে, যা অন্যদের আকর্ষণ করে যারা তোমার ভালো অনুভূতিতে অংশ নিতে চায়। মানুষ স্বাভাবিকভাবেই হাসিখুশি এবং আনন্দিত ব্যক্তিদের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয়।] 10. What happens when you grieve in Solitude ? When you grieve, people will turn and go away from you. Your sadness and sorrow tend to push others away. People often feel uncomfortable around grief and may not know how to react, so they choose to distance themselves, leaving you to handle your pain all alone. [যখন তুমি শোক করো, তখন মানুষেরা মুখ ফিরিয়ে তোমার কাছ থেকে চলে যাবে। তোমার দুঃখ এবং শোক অন্যদের দূরে ঠেলে দেয়। শোকের আশেপাশে মানুষ প্রায়ই অস্বস্তি বোধ করে এবং কীভাবে প্রতিক্রিয়া জানাতে হয় তা জানে না, তাই তারা নিজেদের দূরে সরিয়ে নেয় এবং তোমাকে তোমার যন্ত্রণা একাই সামলাতে ছেড়ে দেয়।] 11. What do people want from you, according to Solitude ? According to the poem, people want the full measure of all your pleasure. This means they are eager to share in all your happy moments, your joys, and your successes. However, they do not want to be a part of your pain or your "woe." They want your happiness but not your sadness. [কবিতা অনুসারে, মানুষেরা তোমার সব আনন্দের পুরোটা চায়। এর মানে হলো, তারা তোমার সমস্ত সুখের মুহূর্ত, তোমার আনন্দ এবং তোমার সাফল্যে অংশ নিতে আগ্রহী। তবে, তারা তোমার কষ্ট বা "দুঃখের" অংশ হতে চায় না। তারা তোমার সুখ চায়, কিন্তু তোমার দুঃখ নয়।] 12. What happens to your friends when you are glad in Solitude ? When you are glad and full of joy, your friends are many. Your happiness makes you popular and attracts a lot of people to you. Everyone wants to be around a positive and cheerful person, so when you are feeling good, you will find yourself surrounded by many friends. [যখন তুমি খুশি এবং আনন্দে পূর্ণ থাকো, তখন তোমার অনেক বন্ধু থাকে। তোমার সুখ তোমাকে জনপ্রিয় করে তোলে এবং অনেক লোককে তোমার প্রতি আকৃষ্ট করে। সবাই একজন ইতিবাচক এবং হাসিখুশি ব্যক্তির আশেপাশে থাকতে চায়, তাই যখন তুমি ভালো অনুভব করো, তখন তুমি নিজেকে অনেক বন্ধু দ্বারা পরিবেষ্টিত দেখতে পাবে।] 13. What happens to your friends when you are sad in Solitude ? When you are sad, you lose all of your friends. The poem makes the sad point that your sorrow will cause people, even your friends, to leave you. They may not want to deal with your negative emotions, so they disappear, leaving you to face your difficult times alone. [যখন তুমি দুঃখী থাকো, তখন তুমি তোমার সকল বন্ধুকে হারিয়ে ফেলো। কবিতাটি এই দুঃখজনক বিষয়টি তুলে ধরে যে তোমার শোকের কারণে মানুষেরা, এমনকি তোমার বন্ধুরাও, তোমাকে ছেড়ে চলে যাবে। তারা তোমার নেতিবাচক আবেগগুলোর সাথে মোকাবিলা করতে চায় না, তাই তারা অদৃশ্য হয়ে যায়, এবং তোমাকে তোমার কঠিন সময় একাই পার করতে হয়।] 14. What does the poem say about drinking life's "nectared wine" in Solitude ? The poem says that others will happily help you drink life’s "nectared wine." This is a metaphor for the sweet, joyful, and wonderful moments of life. When you are experiencing good times and success, people will eagerly join you to share in your pleasure and celebrate with you. [কবিতাটি বলে যে অন্যরা আনন্দের সাথে তোমাকে জীবনের "অমৃত সুধা" পান করতে সাহায্য করবে। এটি জীবনের মিষ্টি, আনন্দময় এবং চমৎকার মুহূর্তগুলোর জন্য একটি রূপক। যখন তুমি ভালো সময় এবং সাফল্য উপভোগ করো, তখন মানুষেরা তোমার আনন্দে অংশ নিতে এবং তোমার সাথে উদযাপন করতে আগ্রহের সাথে যোগ দেবে।] 15. What must you drink alone in Solitude ? In Solitude , you must drink life's "gall" alone. "Gall" is a substance that is very bitter, and here it is used as a metaphor for the painful, difficult, and bitter experiences of life. The poem teaches that you must endure all of life's hardships and sorrows by yourself, without anyone's help or company. [এই কবিতায়, তোমাকে জীবনের "তিক্ত বিষ" একাই পান করতে হবে। "Gall" বা পিত্ত একটি অত্যন্ত তিক্ত পদার্থ, এবং এখানে এটি জীবনের বেদনাদায়ক, কঠিন এবং তিক্ত অভিজ্ঞতাগুলোর রূপক হিসাবে ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে। কবিতাটি শেখায় যে তোমাকে জীবনের সমস্ত কষ্ট এবং দুঃখ কারও সাহায্য বা সঙ্গ ছাড়াই একাই সহ্য করতে হবে।] 16. What happens to your halls when you feast in Solitude ? When you feast, your halls are crowded with people. A feast is a symbol of success, celebration, and abundance. This line means that when you are successful and have a lot to offer, many people will flock to you to share in your good fortune and enjoy the celebration. [যখন তুমি ভোজের আয়োজন করো, তখন তোমার ঘর লোকে লোকারণ্য হয়ে যায়। ভোজ হলো সাফল্য, উদযাপন এবং প্রাচুর্যের প্রতীক। এই লাইনটির অর্থ হলো, যখন তুমি সফল হও এবং দেওয়ার মতো তোমার কাছে অনেক কিছু থাকে, তখন বহু মানুষ তোমার সৌভাগ্যে অংশ নিতে এবং উদযাপন উপভোগ করতে তোমার কাছে ভিড় করবে।] 17. What happens when you fast in Solitude ? When you fast, the world simply goes by and ignores you. Fasting here symbolizes a time of hardship, struggle, or having very little. The poem suggests that when you are going through a difficult period and have nothing to offer, people will not pay attention to you; they will just pass you by. [যখন তুমি উপবাস করো, তখন পৃথিবী তোমাকে উপেক্ষা করে পাশ কাটিয়ে চলে যায়। এখানে উপবাস করা কষ্ট, সংগ্রাম বা অভাবের সময়ের প্রতীক। কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে যখন তুমি একটি কঠিন সময়ের মধ্যে দিয়ে যাও এবং তোমার কাছে দেওয়ার মতো কিছুই থাকে না, তখন মানুষ তোমার দিকে মনোযোগ দেবে না; তারা কেবল তোমাকে পাশ কাটিয়ে চলে যাবে।] 18. What does succeeding and giving do in Solitude ? Succeeding in your goals and giving to others helps you to live a full life. When you are successful and generous, you attract people and build strong connections. These actions make your life meaningful and bring you company, which is an essential part of living. [লক্ষ্যে সফল হওয়া এবং অন্যদের দান করা তোমাকে একটি পূর্ণাঙ্গ জীবনযাপন করতে সহায়তা করে। যখন তুমি সফল এবং উদার হও, তখন তুমি মানুষকে আকৃষ্ট করো এবং শক্তিশালী সম্পর্ক তৈরি করো। এই কাজগুলো তোমার জীবনকে অর্থবহ করে তোলে এবং তোমাকে সঙ্গ দেয়, যা বেঁচে থাকার একটি অপরিহার্য অংশ।] 19. What does the poem say about dying in Solitude ? The poem says that no one can help you die. This is the ultimate truth of solitude. No matter how many friends you had in life or how successful you were, the final journey of death is one that every single person must face completely on their own. [কবিতাটি বলে যে কেউই তোমাকে মরতে সাহায্য করতে পারে না। এটিই হলো একাকীত্বের চূড়ান্ত সত্য। জীবনে তোমার যত বন্ধুই থাকুক বা তুমি যত সফলই হও না কেন, মৃত্যুর চূড়ান্ত যাত্রাটি এমন একটি পথ যা প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তিকে সম্পূর্ণ একা পাড়ি দিতে হয়।] 20. What kind of train is welcomed in the halls of pleasure in Solitude ? In the halls of pleasure, a "large and lordly train" is welcomed. A "train" here means a long line of followers or attendants. This image shows that when you are successful and living in luxury ("halls of pleasure"), a large and impressive group of people will gladly follow you and celebrate with you. [আনন্দের সভাকক্ষে, একটি "বিশাল এবং জমকালো দল" স্বাগত হয়। এখানে "train" বা দল বলতে অনুসারী বা সঙ্গীদের দীর্ঘ সারি বোঝানো হয়েছে। এই চিত্রটি দেখায় যে যখন তুমি সফল হও এবং বিলাসবহুল জীবনযাপন করো ("আনন্দের সভাকক্ষ"), তখন একটি বিশাল এবং প্রভাবশালী দল আনন্দের সাথে তোমাকে অনুসরণ করবে এবং তোমার সাথে উদযাপন করবে।] 21. How do people file through the "aisles of pain" in Solitude ? People must file through the narrow "aisles of pain" one by one. This powerful metaphor describes how every person must experience their suffering and hardship alone. Like walking down a narrow aisle where only one person can fit at a time, pain is a journey that cannot be shared; it must be faced individually. [মানুষকে যন্ত্রণার সংকীর্ণ "গলিপথ" দিয়ে একে একে যেতে হয়। এই শক্তিশালী রূপকটি বর্ণনা করে যে প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তিকে কীভাবে তাদের কষ্ট এবং যন্ত্রণা একাই ভোগ করতে হয়। একটি সংকীর্ণ গলিপথে হাঁটার মতো, যেখানে একবারে কেবল একজনই যেতে পারে, কষ্টও তেমনি একটি যাত্রা যা ভাগ করে নেওয়া যায় না; এটি অবশ্যই ব্যক্তিগতভাবে মোকাবেলা করতে হয়।] 22. What is the overall theme of Solitude ? The overall theme of Solitude  is the stark contrast between how the world treats joy versus how it treats sorrow. The poem explores the idea that happiness attracts company, while sadness leads to isolation. It serves as a deep reflection on the loneliness that often comes with pain and the difficult truth that life's biggest struggles are usually faced alone. [ Solitude  কবিতার মূলভাব হলো, পৃথিবী আনন্দের সাথে কেমন আচরণ করে এবং দুঃখের সাথে কেমন আচরণ করে, তার মধ্যেকার সুস্পষ্ট পার্থক্য। কবিতাটি এই ধারণাটি অন্বেষণ করে যে সুখ সঙ্গী আকর্ষণ করে, অন্যদিকে দুঃখ একাকীত্বের দিকে পরিচালিত করে। এটি যন্ত্রণা থেকে উদ্ভূত নিঃসঙ্গতা এবং জীবনের সবচেয়ে বড় সংগ্রামগুলো যে সাধারণত একাই মোকাবেলা করতে হয়, সেই কঠিন সত্যের উপর একটি গভীর প্রতিফলন।] 23. What does the poem suggest about human nature in Solitude ? The poem suggests that it is part of human nature to seek out pleasure and avoid pain, not just for oneself, but in others as well. People are naturally drawn to positive, happy situations and will often turn away from those who are suffering because sorrow makes them uncomfortable. It highlights a somewhat self-centered tendency in people to prefer joy over sorrow. [কবিতাটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে আনন্দ খোঁজা এবং কষ্ট এড়ানো মানব প্রকৃতির একটি অংশ, কেবল নিজের জন্য নয়, অন্যদের ক্ষেত্রেও। মানুষ স্বাভাবিকভাবেই ইতিবাচক, সুখী পরিস্থিতির প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয় এবং প্রায়শই তাদের থেকে মুখ ফিরিয়ে নেয় যারা কষ্ট পাচ্ছে, কারণ শোক তাদের অস্বস্তিতে ফেলে। এটি মানুষের মধ্যে আনন্দকে দুঃখের চেয়ে বেশি প্রাধান্য দেওয়ার একটি আত্মকেন্দ্রিক প্রবণতাকে তুলে ধরে।] 24. How does the poem reflect on isolation during hardships in Solitude ? The poem powerfully reflects on the isolation that comes with hardship by repeatedly showing how the world, and the people in it, abandon you when you are sad. From friends leaving you when you grieve to having to drink life's "gall" alone, the poem paints a clear picture: while happiness is a shared experience, suffering is a deeply solitary one. [কবিতাটি বারবার দেখিয়েছে যে যখন তুমি দুঃখী থাকো, তখন পৃথিবী এবং এর মানুষেরা তোমাকে কীভাবে পরিত্যাগ করে, যার মাধ্যমে এটি কষ্টের সময়কার বিচ্ছিন্নতার উপর শক্তিশালীভাবে আলোকপাত করে। শোকের সময় বন্ধুদের ছেড়ে যাওয়া থেকে শুরু করে জীবনের "তিক্ত বিষ" একা পান করা পর্যন্ত—কবিতাটি একটি স্পষ্ট চিত্র এঁকেছে: যদিও সুখ একটি সম্মিলিত অভিজ্ঞতা, কিন্তু কষ্ট একটি গভীর একাকীত্বের বিষয়।] 25. What lesson does Solitude  convey about life and relationships? Solitude  conveys a rather somber lesson that human relationships can often be conditional and superficial. People are happy to be with you during your good times—your feasts and celebrations—but they are likely to disappear during your "fasts" and sorrows. The poem teaches that true, unconditional companionship is very rare, and ultimately, we must be prepared to face life's most difficult challenges on our own. [ Solitude  এই বিষণ্ণ শিক্ষাটি দেয় যে মানুষের সম্পর্ক প্রায়শই শর্তাধীন এবং ভাসাভাসা হতে পারে। মানুষেরা তোমার ভালো সময়ে—তোমার ভোজ এবং উদযাপনে—তোমার সাথে থাকতেสุขী হয়, কিন্তু তোমার "উপবাস" এবং দুঃখের সময় তারা অদৃশ্য হয়ে যাওয়ার সম্ভাবনা বেশি। কবিতাটি শেখায় যে সত্যিকারের, নিঃশর্ত সঙ্গ খুবই বিরল, এবং শেষ পর্যন্ত, আমাদের জীবনের সবচেয়ে কঠিন চ্যালেঞ্জগুলো একাই মোকাবেলা করার জন্য প্রস্তুত থাকতে হবে।] More Short Answer Questions 1. What happens when you laugh, according to the poem? When you laugh and show your happiness, the people and the world around you seem to laugh right along with you. The poem suggests that joy is infectious, like a happy feeling that spreads easily. When you are cheerful, it makes others feel cheerful too, and they want to share in your good mood. [যখন তুমি হাসো এবং তোমার আনন্দ প্রকাশ করো, তখন তোমার চারপাশের মানুষ এবং পৃথিবীও যেন তোমার সাথে হাসতে থাকে। কবিতাটি বলে যে আনন্দ একটি সংক্রামক অনুভূতির মতো, যা সহজেই ছড়িয়ে পড়ে। তুমি যখন হাসিখুশি থাকো, তখন অন্যরাও আনন্দিত হয় এবং তোমার ভালোলাগার অংশীদার হতে চায়।] 2. How does the world react when you weep? The poet clearly states that when you weep or cry, you must do it all alone. The world does not join in your sadness or share your tears. This powerfully shows that sorrow is a lonely experience, and you often have to face your most painful moments by yourself, without the world’s comfort or support. [কবি স্পষ্টভাবে বলেছেন যে যখন তুমি কাঁদো, তখন তোমাকে সম্পূর্ণ একাই কাঁদতে হয়। পৃথিবী তোমার দুঃখে যোগ দেয় না বা তোমার চোখের জল ভাগ করে নেয় না। এটি powerfully দেখায় যে শোক একটি নিঃসঙ্গ অভিজ্ঞতা, এবং প্রায়শই তোমাকে পৃথিবীর সান্ত্বনা বা সমর্থন ছাড়াই তোমার সবচেয়ে বেদনাদায়ক মুহূর্তগুলো একা মোকাবেলা করতে হয়।] 3. What does the earth borrow according to the poet? According to the poet, the earth has to borrow all of its happiness and joy. This is because the world is already filled with so many of its own problems and troubles. Since it has no joy of its own, it can only get a feeling of happiness from the joyful people who live on it. [কবির মতে, পৃথিবীকে তার সমস্ত আনন্দ এবং সুখ ধার করতে হয়। এর কারণ হলো, এই পৃথিবীটা ইতিমধ্যেই তার নিজের বহু সমস্যা এবং ঝামেলায় পূর্ণ। যেহেতু এর নিজস্ব কোনো আনন্দ নেই, তাই এটি কেবল পৃথিবীতে বসবাসকারী আনন্দিত মানুষদের কাছ থেকেই সুখের অনুভূতি পেতে পারে।] 4. What is the reaction of the hills when you sing? When you sing a happy song, the hills seem to answer you back by echoing your voice. This beautiful image suggests that nature itself responds positively to your joy. Your happy sound is reflected back to you, making it feel like the whole world is celebrating your happiness with you. [যখন তুমি আনন্দের গান গাও, তখন পাহাড়গুলো তোমার কণ্ঠের প্রতিধ্বনি করে যেন তোমাকেই উত্তর দিচ্ছে। এই সুন্দর চিত্রটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে প্রকৃতি নিজেই তোমার আনন্দে ইতিবাচকভাবে সাড়া দেয়। তোমার সুখের শব্দ তোমার কাছেই প্রতিফলিত হয়ে ফিরে আসে, যা শুনে মনে হয় যেন পুরো পৃথিবী তোমার সাথে তোমার আনন্দ উদযাপন করছে।] 5. What happens when you sigh? When you let out a sigh, which is a quiet expression of sadness or worry, it just disappears into the air. No one pays attention to it, and the world does not respond. This is very different from singing; a joyful sound is answered, but a quiet sound of sorrow is completely ignored. [যখন তুমি দীর্ঘশ্বাস ফেলো, যা দুঃখ বা উদ্বেগের একটি নীরব প্রকাশ, তখন তা কেবল বাতাসে মিলিয়ে যায়। কেউ এতে মনোযোগ দেয় না এবং পৃথিবীও কোনো সাড়া দেয় না। এটি গান গাওয়ার থেকে খুব আলাদা; একটি আনন্দময় শব্দের উত্তর পাওয়া যায়, কিন্তু দুঃখের একটি নীরব শব্দ সম্পূর্ণরূপে উপেক্ষিত হয়।] 6. How do people react when you rejoice? When you are rejoicing and celebrating your happiness, people are naturally drawn to you. Your positive energy makes them want to be near you and become your friend. They actively seek you out because they want to share in your good feelings and be a part of your joyful moments. [যখন তুমি আনন্দ করো এবং তোমার সুখ উদযাপন করো, তখন মানুষ স্বাভাবিকভাবেই তোমার প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয়। তোমার ইতিবাচক শক্তি তাদের তোমার কাছাকাছি আসতে এবং তোমার বন্ধু হতে উৎসাহিত করে। তারা তোমাকে সক্রিয়ভাবে খুঁজে বের করে কারণ তারা তোমার ভালো অনুভূতিতে অংশ নিতে এবং তোমার আনন্দময় মুহূর্তের সঙ্গী হতে চায়।] 7. What happens when you grieve, as mentioned in the poem? As mentioned in the poem, when you are grieving and feeling deep sadness, people will turn away from you. They tend to avoid those who are sorrowful, perhaps because it makes them uncomfortable. This highlights that people are eager to share in happiness but not in difficult and painful times. [কবিতায় যেমন উল্লেখ করা হয়েছে, যখন তুমি শোকাহত থাকো এবং গভীর দুঃখ অনুভব করো, তখন মানুষেরা তোমার কাছ থেকে মুখ ফিরিয়ে নেবে। তারা দুঃখী মানুষদের এড়িয়ে চলে, সম্ভবত কারণ এটি তাদের অস্বস্তিতে ফেলে। এটি তুলে ধরে যে মানুষ আনন্দে অংশ নিতে আগ্রহী, কিন্তু কঠিন এবং বেদনাদায়ক সময়ে নয়।] 8. How do your friends react when you are sad? The poem suggests a harsh reality: when you are sad, your friends will leave you. They won't stay by your side to offer comfort. The poem explains this by saying everyone wants to drink your "nectared wine" (share your joy), but you must face life's bitter "gall" (your pain and suffering) completely on your own. [কবিতাটি একটি কঠিন বাস্তবতা তুলে ধরে: যখন তুমি দুঃখী থাকো, তখন তোমার বন্ধুরা তোমাকে ছেড়ে চলে যায়। তারা তোমাকে সান্ত্বনা দেওয়ার জন্য তোমার পাশে থাকবে না। কবিতাটি এটি ব্যাখ্যা করে বলে যে সবাই তোমার "অমৃত সুধা" (তোমার আনন্দ ভাগ করে নেওয়া) পান করতে চায়, কিন্তু তোমাকে জীবনের তিক্ত "বিষ" (তোমার যন্ত্রণা এবং কষ্ট) সম্পূর্ণ একাই ভোগ করতে হবে।] 9. What happens when you feast versus when you fast? When you feast, meaning you are successful and celebrating, your home will be crowded with guests who want to share your good fortune. But when you fast, meaning you are struggling or have little to offer, the world ignores you and simply passes by. This shows that people are attracted to success but often ignore those in need. [যখন তুমি ভোজ করো, অর্থাৎ তুমি সফল এবং উদযাপন করছ, তখন তোমার বাড়ি তোমার সৌভাগ্য ভাগ করে নিতে চাওয়া অতিথিতে ভরে যাবে। কিন্তু যখন তুমি উপবাস করো, অর্থাৎ তুমি সংগ্রাম করছ বা তোমার কাছে দেওয়ার মতো কিছুই নেই, তখন পৃথিবী তোমাকে উপেক্ষা করে পাশ কাটিয়ে চলে যায়। এটি দেখায় যে মানুষ সাফল্যের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয়, কিন্তু প্রয়োজনে থাকা মানুষদের প্রায়ই উপেক্ষা করে।] 10. How does the poem describe the path of life’s pleasures and pain? The poem describes the path of pleasure as a wide-open space, filled with many people who share the experience with you. In contrast, the path of pain is a "narrow aisle" that each person must walk down one by one, all alone. This powerful image teaches that while joy can be a group celebration, suffering is a deeply personal and lonely journey. [কবিতাটি আনন্দের পথকে একটি প্রশস্ত স্থান হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে, যা তোমার সাথে অভিজ্ঞতা ভাগ করে নেওয়া অনেক মানুষে পূর্ণ থাকে। এর বিপরীতে, যন্ত্রণার পথ হলো একটি "সংকীর্ণ গলি" যা প্রত্যেক ব্যক্তিকে একাই, একে একে পার হতে হয়। এই শক্তিশালী চিত্রটি শেখায় যে আনন্দ একটি সম্মিলিত উদযাপন হতে পারে, কিন্তু কষ্ট একটি গভীর ব্যক্তিগত এবং নিঃসঙ্গ যাত্রা।] Multiple-choice questions based on the text: What is the main theme of the poem "Solitude"? A) The joys of being with others B) The contrast between happiness and sadness C) The importance of wealth D) The power of nature Answer:  B) The contrast between happiness and sadness According to the poem, when you laugh, how does the world respond? A) It laughs with you B) It ignores you C) It cries with you D) It avoids you Answer:  A) It laughs with you What happens when you weep, as per the poem? A) You weep alone B) The world weeps with you C) The earth laughs with you D) People comfort you Answer:  A) You weep alone What does the poem say about the earth's emotions? A) The earth has plenty of joy B) The earth borrows its happiness but has its own troubles C) The earth only feels sadness D) The earth’s happiness is everlasting Answer:  B) The earth borrows its happiness but has its own troubles When you sing, what happens to the hills? A) They remain silent B) They echo back to you C) They sigh along with you D) They ignore you Answer:  B) They echo back to you What happens when you sigh in the poem? A) The world sighs with you B) It is lost on the air C) The air sighs with you D) It turns into a joyful sound Answer:  B) It is lost on the air What is said about friends when you are glad? A) You lose them all B) You have many friends C) They become strangers D) They avoid you Answer:  B) You have many friends According to the poem, what happens when you are sad? A) Your friends come to you B) Your friends turn and leave C) You become more popular D) You find peace Answer:  B) Your friends turn and leave What is the message in the line, "But no man can help you die"? A) People can always help you live B) Death is something one must face alone C) Men can help with anything D) Success leads to happiness Answer:  B) Death is something one must face alone What does the poet suggest about life’s pleasures and pains? A) Pleasure is easy to find, but pain is hard to overcome B) Life's pleasures are free, and pain is not real C) Life’s pleasures are enjoyed by many, while pain is a solitary journey D) Both pleasure and pain are always shared by everyone Answer:  C) Life’s pleasures are enjoyed by many, while pain is a solitary journey Bangla Translation (Summary) এলা হুইলার উইলকক্সের "নির্জনতা" কবিতার সারাংশ: "নির্জনতা" কবিতায় বক্তা মানব সম্পর্কের প্রকৃতি এবং একাকীত্বের অভিজ্ঞতার উপর প্রতিফলন করেছেন। মূল ধারণা হল আনন্দ এবং সাফল্য অন্যদের আকর্ষণ করে, যখন দুঃখ এবং সংগ্রাম প্রায়শই বিচ্ছিন্নতার দিকে পরিচালিত করে। কবিতাটি যখন কেউ খুশি থাকে এবং যখন তারা দুঃখী হয় তখন মানুষের প্রতিক্রিয়ার তুলনা করে। প্রথম স্তবকটি সুরটি সেট করে বলে যে যখন কেউ হাসে, তখন অন্যরা এতে যোগ দেয়, কিন্তু যখন তারা কাঁদে, তখন তারা একা কাঁদে। পৃথিবী আনন্দ উপভোগ করে কিন্তু দুঃখের প্রতি উদাসীন কারণ এর নিজস্ব সমস্যা রয়েছে। নিম্নলিখিত স্তবকগুলি এই থিমটি অব্যাহত রেখেছে, দেখায় যে সুখ মানুষকে কাছে নিয়ে আসে, যখন দুঃখ তাদের দূরে সরিয়ে দেয়। মানুষ আনন্দ খোঁজে, ব্যথা নয়, এবং এইভাবে, যখন কেউ আনন্দিত হয়, তখন তারা বন্ধুদের দ্বারা বেষ্টিত থাকে, কিন্তু যখন দুঃখিত হয়, তখন তারা তাদের সমর্থন ব্যবস্থা হারিয়ে ফেলে। পরবর্তী অংশে, কবিতাটি বর্ণনা করে যে আপনি যখন ভোজ করেন তখন লোকেরা কীভাবে আপনার সাথে উদযাপন করে, কিন্তু যখন আপনি উপবাস করেন, তখন আপনি একা থাকেন। একইভাবে, সাফল্য আপনার জীবনে মানুষকে নিয়ে আসে, কিন্তু যখন আপনি ব্যর্থতা বা মৃত্যুর মুখোমুখি হন, তখন কেউ আপনাকে সাহায্য করতে পারে না। বক্তা "আনন্দের হল"-এর সাথে "বেদনার সংকীর্ণ পথ"-এর তুলনা করেছেন যেখানে অনেক মানুষ একত্রিত হয়, যেখানে ব্যক্তিদের একাকী কষ্টের মধ্য দিয়ে যেতে হয়, দুঃখের একাকী প্রকৃতির উপর জোর দিয়ে। কবিতাটি শেষ পর্যন্ত বোঝায় যে সুখ একটি ভাগ করা অভিজ্ঞতা, কিন্তু দুঃখ, বেদনা এবং মৃত্যুর মুখোমুখি প্রায়শই একা হতে হয়। বক্তা মানব সম্পর্কের শূন্যতার প্রতিফলন করেছেন বলে মনে হচ্ছে, যেখানে মানুষ অন্যদের চ্যালেঞ্জ এবং দুঃখের চেয়ে আনন্দ এবং সাফল্যের প্রতি বেশি আকৃষ্ট হয়। Ad  vocabulary words from the poem "Solitude"  by Ella Wheeler Wilcox, along with their meanings in English and Bangla: Word Meaning (English) Meaning (Bangla) Laugh To express happiness or joy through vocal sounds. হাসা Weep To shed tears, especially as an expression of sorrow. কাঁদা Mirth Great joy, amusement, or happiness. আনন্দ, হাস্যরস Borrow To take or receive something temporarily with the intention of returning it. ধার নেওয়া Trouble Difficulty, distress, or a problematic situation. সমস্যা, দুঃখ Sing To produce musical tones with the voice. গান গাওয়া Sigh To let out a deep breath, often expressing sadness or relief. এক দীর্ঘ শ্বাস তোলা Echo A reflected sound that arrives at the listener after a short delay. প্রতিধ্বনি Bound To be tied or constrained in a specific direction. বাঁধা Joyful Full of or expressing happiness or delight. আনন্দময় Grieve To feel deep sorrow or sadness, especially due to a loss. শোক করা Rejoice To feel or show great joy or happiness. আনন্দিত হওয়া Pleasure A feeling of happy satisfaction or enjoyment. আনন্দ, তৃপ্তি Woe Great sorrow or distress. দুঃখ, বিষাদ Glad Feeling or showing pleasure or happiness. আনন্দিত Lose To fail to keep or maintain; to no longer have. হারানো Decline To refuse or reject something. অস্বীকার করা Nectar A sweet liquid secreted by flowers, or something delicious or enjoyable. মধু Gall A bitter liquid produced in the liver, or something bitter and painful. তিক্ততা, কষ্ট Feast A large, elaborate meal, often held in celebration. উৎসবভোজ Crowded Filled with many people or things. ভিড় করা Fast To refrain from eating food for a period of time. উপোস করা Succeed To achieve a goal or result. সফল হওয়া Give To offer something voluntarily. দেওয়া Live To remain alive, exist. বেঁচে থাকা Die To cease living, to stop existing. মারা যাওয়া Help To assist or support. সাহায্য করা Room A space or area available for something or someone. জায়গা Pleasure Enjoyment or satisfaction from something. আনন্দ, তৃপ্তি Train A series of connected people or things that move together. শৃঙ্খলা, মিছিল Aisle A passage between rows of seats in a building or vehicle. করিডোর, পথ Narrow Having a small width or extent. সংকীর্ণ Pain Physical or emotional discomfort or suffering. যন্ত্রণা Life The existence of an individual person or organism. জীবন Alone Without other people present; solitary. একা File To move in a line, one behind the other. সারিবদ্ধ হওয়া Hall A large room or building, or the entrance area to a building. হল, প্রবেশদ্বার Large Of considerable size or extent. বড় Lordly Having qualities associated with royalty, nobility, or grandeur. রাজসিক Train A sequence of connected people or things, or an organized movement. মিছিল, শৃঙ্খলা Blow To expel air through the mouth, or the action of the wind moving through something. ঝাঁকানো Winds The movement of air, often with great force. বাতাস Old Having lived for a long time; the opposite of young. পুরানো Shrinks To become smaller in size or amount. ছোট হওয়া Summon To call upon to come, especially in an urgent or formal way. ডাক দেওয়া Blow A strong gust of wind. ঝড় Caring Displaying concern and kindness. যত্নশীল Bitter Having a harsh, sharp taste, often associated with unpleasant experiences. তিক্ত Patience The ability to wait calmly for something. ধৈর্য

Two Mothers Remembered by Joann Snow Duncanson I had two mothers – two mothers I claim, two different people, yet with the same name. Two separate women, diverse by design, but I loved them both because they were mine. The first was the mother who carried me here, gave birth and nurtured and launched my career. She was the one whose features I bear, complete with the facial expressions I wear. She gave her love, which follows me yet, along with examples in life that she set. As I got older, she somehow younger grew, and we’d laugh as just mothers and daughters do. But then came the time that her mind clouded so, and I sensed that the mother I knew would soon go. So quickly she changed and turned into the other, a stranger dressed in the clothes of my mother. Oh, she looked the same, at least at arms length, but now she was the child and I was her strength. We’d come full circle, we women three, my mother the first, the second and me. And if my own children should come to a day, when a new mother comes and the old goes away, I’d ask of them nothing that I didn’t do. Love both of your mothers as both have loved you. Bangla Translation: Two Mothers Remembered (দুই মা মনে পড়ে) I had two mothers – two mothers I claim, আমি দুটি মায়ের অধিকারী – দুটি মা, যাদের আমি দাবী করি, two different people, yet with the same name. দুটি ভিন্ন মানুষ, তবুও একই নাম নিয়ে। Two separate women, diverse by design, দুটি আলাদা নারী, বৈচিত্র্যপূর্ণ চরিত্রে, but I loved them both because they were mine. কিন্তু আমি তাদের দু’জনকেই ভালোবাসতাম, কারণ তারা আমার ছিল। The first was the mother who carried me here, প্রথমটি ছিল সেই মা, যিনি আমাকে পৃথিবীতে এনেছিলেন, gave birth and nurtured and launched my career. যিনি জন্ম দিয়েছিলেন, যত্নে বড় করেছিলেন এবং আমার জীবনযাত্রা শুরু করেছিলেন। She was the one whose features I bear, তিনি ছিলেন সেই মা, যার বৈশিষ্ট্য আমি ধারণ করি, complete with the facial expressions I wear. তাঁর মুখাবয়বসহ, যেগুলি আমি এখন আমার মুখে ধারণ করি। She gave her love, which follows me yet, তিনি আমাকে তাঁর ভালোবাসা দিয়েছেন, যা এখনও আমার সাথে রয়েছে, along with examples in life that she set. এবং জীবনযাপনে তার যে উদাহরণ ছিল, তা আমাকে অনুসরণ করতে সাহায্য করেছে। As I got older, she somehow younger grew, যতই আমি বড় হতে থাকি, তিনি যেন somehow আরও যুবতী হয়ে উঠেন, and we’d laugh as just mothers and daughters do. এবং আমরা হাসতাম, যেমন মা ও কন্যারা হাসে। But then came the time that her mind clouded so, কিন্তু তারপর একদিন এল এমন সময়, যখন তার মন অস্পষ্ট হয়ে উঠল, and I sensed that the mother I knew would soon go. এবং আমি অনুভব করলাম, যে মা আমি জানতাম, তিনি শীঘ্রই চলে যাবেন। So quickly she changed and turned into the other, তাহলে দ্রুতই তিনি পরিবর্তিত হলেন এবং অন্য এক নারীতে পরিণত হলেন, a stranger dressed in the clothes of my mother. এক অপরিচিত মানুষ, যিনি আমার মায়ের পোশাক পরিধান করেছেন। Oh, she looked the same, at least at arms length, ওহ, তিনি দেখতে একেবারে একইরকম, অন্তত দূর থেকে, but now she was the child and I was her strength. কিন্তু এখন তিনি হয়ে উঠলেন শিশু, আর আমি ছিলাম তার শক্তি। We’d come full circle, we women three, আমরা পুরো চক্র সম্পন্ন করেছি, আমরা তিনজন নারী, my mother the first, the second and me. প্রথম মা, দ্বিতীয় মা এবং আমি। And if my own children should come to a day, এবং যদি আমার নিজের সন্তানরা এমন একটি দিন আসে, when a new mother comes and the old goes away, যখন একটি নতুন মা আসবে এবং পুরানো মা চলে যাবে, I’d ask of them nothing that I didn’t do. তাহলে আমি তাদের কাছে কোন কিছু চাইবো না, যা আমি নিজে করি নি। Love both of your mothers as both have loved you. তাদের দু’জন মা’কেই ভালোবাসো, যেমন তারা তোমাকে ভালোবাসে। Paraphrasing Paraphrase of Each Line: "I had two mothers – two mothers I claim, two different people, yet with the same name." The speaker talks about having two different women who both served as mothers to her. They were different in personality and life experiences, but both were called “mother.” "Two separate women, diverse by design, but I loved them both because they were mine." These two women were unique in their own ways, but the speaker loved both of them because they each played a vital role in her life, shaping who she was. "The first was the mother who carried me here, gave birth and nurtured and launched my career." The first mother, who gave birth to the speaker, raised and cared for her as a child, and helped her achieve her goals in life. She gave her love and guidance from the start. "She was the one whose features I bear, complete with the facial expressions I wear." The speaker shares physical traits with this mother, such as facial features, expressions, and perhaps other characteristics. "She gave her love, which follows me yet, along with examples in life that she set." The first mother’s love still stays with the speaker, as well as the lessons she taught, which continue to influence her life choices and behavior. "As I got older, she somehow younger grew, and we’d laugh as just mothers and daughters do." As the speaker matured, it seemed like her mother grew more youthful in spirit. They shared joyful, lighthearted moments, just like any normal mother-daughter relationship. "But then came the time that her mind clouded so, and I sensed that the mother I knew would soon go." Over time, the speaker noticed that her mother’s mental state began to deteriorate. She realized that the woman she knew would not remain the same for much longer. "So quickly she changed and turned into the other, a stranger dressed in the clothes of my mother." The change in her mother was rapid. Though she looked the same outwardly, her behavior and personality became so different that the speaker no longer recognized her as the mother she once knew. "Oh, she looked the same, at least at arms length, but now she was the child and I was her strength." Outwardly, her mother still appeared unchanged, but now the roles had reversed. The mother, once the caretaker, became dependent on the speaker, who had to provide strength and care for her. "We’d come full circle, we women three, my mother the first, the second and me." The speaker reflects on how the roles had come full circle. The first mother, the second (perhaps a stepmother or caregiver), and the speaker herself now formed this life cycle of care and dependence. "And if my own children should come to a day, when a new mother comes and the old goes away, I’d ask of them nothing that I didn’t do. Love both of your mothers as both have loved you." The speaker looks forward to her own children’s future and hopes that they will love both the mothers in their lives, just as she did. She wants her children to show the same respect and affection to both figures as she did with hers, no matter what. Paraphrasing Verse-wise Verse 1 I had two mothers – two mothers I claim, two different people, yet with the same name. Two separate women, diverse by design, but I loved them both because they were mine. Detailed Paraphrase:  I feel like I had two mothers, and I acknowledge both of them. Even though they shared the same name and were the same person, they behaved like two completely different people in my life. Their personalities and roles were very distinct, as if they were intentionally different. Despite these differences, I loved each version of my mother deeply, simply because she was my own. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  আমি মনে করি আমার দুজন মা ছিলেন – এবং আমি দুজনকেই স্বীকার করি। যদিও তাদের নাম একই ছিল এবং তারা একই ব্যক্তি ছিলেন, কিন্তু আমার জীবনে তারা দুজন সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন মানুষের মতো আচরণ করতেন। তাদের ব্যক্তিত্ব এবং ভূমিকা এতটাই আলাদা ছিল, যেন তা পরিকল্পিতভাবেই ভিন্ন ছিল। এই পার্থক্য থাকা সত্ত্বেও, আমি তাদের দুজনকেই গভীরভাবে ভালোবাসতাম, কারণ তারা দুজনেই আমার ছিলেন। Verse 2 The first was the mother who carried me here, gave birth and nurtured and launched my career. Detailed Paraphrase:  The first mother I remember is the one who was pregnant with me, gave birth to me, and then carefully raised and supported me as I grew up. She was the one who prepared me for adulthood and helped me begin my own independent life's path. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  আমার প্রথম মা ছিলেন তিনি যিনি আমাকে গর্ভে ধারণ করেছেন, জন্ম দিয়েছেন, এবং বড় হওয়ার সাথে সাথে যত্ন সহকারে লালন-পালন করে আমাকে জীবনে চলার জন্য প্রস্তুত করেছেন। তিনিই আমাকে প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক জীবনের জন্য তৈরি করেছিলেন এবং আমার নিজের স্বাধীন পথচলা শুরু করতে সাহায্য করেছিলেন। Verse 3 She was the one whose features I bear, complete with the facial expressions I wear. Detailed Paraphrase:  This first mother is the one I resemble physically. I inherited her facial features, and I even find myself making the same expressions that she did. My appearance is a direct and complete reflection of her. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  এই প্রথম মা হলেন তিনি, যার শারীরিক বৈশিষ্ট্য আমি পেয়েছি। আমি তার মুখের গঠন উত্তরাধিকারসূত্রে পেয়েছি, এমনকি আমি তার মতোই মুখের অভিব্যক্তি প্রকাশ করি। আমার চেহারা তার-ই এক সম্পূর্ণ প্রতিচ্ছবি। Verse 4 She gave her love, which follows me yet, along with examples in life that she set. Detailed Paraphrase:  The gifts I received from this first mother were not just physical. She gave me a powerful love that I can still feel with me today. In addition to her love, she served as a role model, and the way she lived her life provided me with lasting examples of how to be a good person. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  এই প্রথম মায়ের কাছ থেকে পাওয়া উপহার শুধু শারীরিক ছিল না। তিনি আমাকে এমন ভালোবাসা দিয়েছিলেন যা আমি আজও অনুভব করি। তার ভালোবাসার পাশাপাশি, তিনি জীবনে চলার পথে এমন দৃষ্টান্ত স্থাপন করেছেন যা আমার জন্য অনুসরণীয় হয়ে আছে। Verse 5 As I got older, she somehow younger grew, and we’d laugh as just mothers and daughters do. Detailed Paraphrase:  As I grew into an adult, our relationship shifted in a wonderful way. It felt as though my mother became more youthful and playful. We developed a warm friendship, sharing laughter and moments of joy just like any close mother and daughter would. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  আমি যখন বড় হচ্ছিলাম, তখন তিনি যেন আরও তরুণ হয়ে উঠছিলেন। আমাদের মধ্যে মা-মেয়ের স্বাভাবিক সম্পর্কের মতোই হাসি-ঠাট্টার এক মধুর বন্ধুত্ব গড়ে উঠেছিল। Verse 6 But then came the time that her mind clouded so, and I sensed that the mother I knew would soon go. Detailed Paraphrase:  However, this happy phase did not last forever. A time came when my mother's mind started to become confused and unclear. I had a strong feeling that the person I had always known as my mother was beginning to fade away and would soon be gone from my life. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  কিন্তু এরপর এমন এক সময় এলো যখন তার মন মেঘাচ্ছন্ন হয়ে গেল, এবং আমি বুঝতে পারলাম যে আমার চেনা মা আর বেশিদিন থাকবেন না। আমার মনে হচ্ছিল, আমি যাকে চিনতাম, তিনি শীঘ্রই হারিয়ে যাবেন। Verse 7 So quickly she changed and turned into the other, a stranger dressed in the clothes of my mother. Detailed Paraphrase:  The change happened very fast. She transformed into the "other" or second mother, a version of herself that was so different from before. It felt as if a complete stranger was now living inside my mother’s body, wearing her clothes but without her true personality. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  খুব দ্রুত তিনি পরিবর্তিত হয়ে অন্য এক মানুষে পরিণত হলেন। মনে হচ্ছিল, আমার মায়ের পোশাকে যেন এক অপরিচিতা বাস করছেন, যিনি আমার চেনা মা নন। Verse 8 Oh, she looked the same, at least at arms length, but now she was the child and I was her strength. Detailed Paraphrase:  From a distance, she appeared to be the same person physically. But in our daily interactions, our roles had completely reversed. She had become dependent and vulnerable like a child, and I had to become her protector and her source of strength. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  দূর থেকে তাকে দেখতে একই রকম মনে হলেও, আমাদের ভূমিকা পুরোপুরি পাল্টে গিয়েছিল। এখন সে হয়ে গিয়েছিল শিশু, আর আমিই ছিলাম তার শক্তি ও অবলম্বন। Verse 9 We’d come full circle, we women three, my mother the first, the second and me. Detailed Paraphrase:  This role reversal meant that our journey had come full circle. I see this journey as involving three distinct female figures: the first version of my mother who was strong, the second version who became dependent, and myself, who went from being a child to a caregiver. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  আমাদের জীবনের বৃত্তটি যেন পূর্ণ হয়েছিল, যেখানে আমরা তিনজন নারী ছিলাম—আমার প্রথম মা, আমার দ্বিতীয় মা এবং আমি নিজে। Verse 10 & 11 And if my own children should come to a day, when a new mother comes and the old goes away, I’d ask of them nothing that I didn’t do. Love both of your mothers as both have loved you. Detailed Paraphrase:  Looking ahead to the future, I think about my own children. If they ever reach a day when I change—when the mother they know disappears and a new, weaker version takes her place—I would only ask them to do what I have done. I would want them to love both versions of their mother, just as both versions of my own mother loved me unconditionally. বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ:  এবং যদি আমার সন্তানদের জীবনেও এমন কোনো দিন আসে, যখন তাদের পুরোনো মা হারিয়ে গিয়ে নতুন এক মায়ের আবির্ভাব ঘটবে, আমি তাদের কাছে এমন কিছুই চাইব না যা আমি নিজে করিনি। আমি শুধু চাইব, তারা যেন তাদের উভয় মাকেই ভালোবাসে, ঠিক যেমন তাদের উভয় মা-ই তাদের ভালোবেসেছে। Short Answer Question: (a) Why does the speaker say she loves both mothers in the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ক) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা কেন বলেন যে তিনি উভয় মাকেই ভালোবাসেন? The speaker says she loves both mothers because they are both parts of the same person she cares about deeply. The first mother was strong and took care of her. The second mother was the changed version who needed help. The speaker feels that both of these mothers were very important in her life, and she loves them both for different reasons. বক্তা বলেন যে তিনি উভয় মাকেই ভালোবাসেন কারণ তারা দুজনেই একই ব্যক্তির অংশ, যাকে তিনি গভীরভাবে ভালোবাসেন। প্রথম মা শক্তিশালী ছিলেন এবং তার যত্ন নিতেন। দ্বিতীয় মা ছিলেন পরিবর্তিত রূপ, যার সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন ছিল। বক্তা মনে করেন যে এই উভয় মা-ই তার জীবনে খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ছিলেন, এবং তিনি তাদের দুজনকেই ভিন্ন ভিন্ন কারণে ভালোবাসেন। (b) What role did the first mother play in the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (খ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় প্রথম মায়ের ভূমিকা কী ছিল? The first mother was the one who gave the speaker life and took care of her. She was a teacher and a protector, raising the speaker with a lot of love. This mother showed her how to live a good life and was always there to support her. She helped shape the person the speaker grew up to be. প্রথম মা-ই বক্তাকে জীবন দিয়েছিলেন এবং তার যত্ন নিতেন। তিনি একজন শিক্ষক এবং রক্ষক ছিলেন, যিনি বক্তাকে অনেক ভালোবাসা দিয়ে বড় করেছেন। এই মা তাকে শিখিয়েছেন কীভাবে একটি ভালো জীবনযাপন করতে হয় এবং তাকে সমর্থন করার জন্য সবসময় পাশে ছিলেন। বক্তা বড় হয়ে যে মানুষটি হয়েছেন, তাকে তৈরি করতে তিনি সাহায্য করেছিলেন। (c) What does the speaker say she inherited from the first mother in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (গ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা প্রথম মায়ের কাছ থেকে কী কী পেয়েছেন বলে উল্লেখ করেছেন? The speaker says that she got her looks from her first mother. This includes the way her face looks and the expressions she makes. These things are a constant reminder that she is her mother's daughter and carries a piece of her mother with her always. বক্তা বলেন যে তিনি তার চেহারা প্রথম মায়ের কাছ থেকে পেয়েছেন। এর মধ্যে তার মুখের গঠন এবং তার মুখের অভিব্যক্তিও রয়েছে। এই বিষয়গুলো তাকে প্রতিনিয়ত মনে করিয়ে দেয় যে তিনি তার মায়ের মেয়ে এবং তিনি সবসময় তার মায়ের একটি অংশ নিজের মধ্যে বহন করেন। (d) What lasting gifts did the first mother give, according to "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ঘ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" অনুসারে, প্রথম মা কী কী চিরস্থায়ী উপহার দিয়েছিলেন? The first mother gave gifts that would last forever: her love and her life lessons. The deep love she gave the speaker stays with her always. Also, the way the mother lived her own life taught the speaker important lessons about how to face problems, and this knowledge is a gift she will always have. প্রথম মা এমন উপহার দিয়েছিলেন যা চিরকাল থাকবে: তার ভালোবাসা এবং তার জীবন থেকে পাওয়া শিক্ষা। তিনি বক্তাকে যে গভীর ভালোবাসা দিয়েছিলেন তা সবসময় তার সাথে থাকে। এছাড়াও, মায়ের জীবনযাপন করার পদ্ধতি বক্তাকে শিখিয়েছে কীভাবে সমস্যার মোকাবিলা করতে হয়, এবং এই জ্ঞানটি এমন একটি উপহার যা তার কাছে সবসময় থাকবে। (e) How does the relationship between the speaker and her first mother evolve in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ঙ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা এবং তার প্রথম মায়ের সম্পর্ক কীভাবে পরিবর্তিত হয়? The relationship changes as the mother gets older and weaker. At first, the mother was the strong one who took care of the speaker. But as the mother’s mind started to fade, their roles switched. The speaker became the strong one who gave care, and the mother became more like a child who needed help. মায়ের বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে তাদের সম্পর্ক বদলে যায়। প্রথমে, মা শক্তিশালী ছিলেন এবং বক্তার যত্ন নিতেন। কিন্তু যখন মায়ের স্মৃতিশক্তি দুর্বল হতে শুরু করে, তখন তাদের ভূমিকা বদলে যায়। বক্তা শক্তিশালী হয়ে ওঠেন এবং যত্ন নিতে শুরু করেন, আর মা অনেকটা শিশুর মতো হয়ে যান যার সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন হয়। (f) What change happens to the first mother in the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (চ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় প্রথম মায়ের কী পরিবর্তন হয়? The first mother begins to change when her mind becomes unclear and she starts losing her memories. She is no longer the strong, caring person the speaker always knew. She becomes weak and needs help with everything, almost like a child again. প্রথম মায়ের পরিবর্তন শুরু হয় যখন তার স্মৃতিশক্তি ঝাপসা হয়ে যায় এবং তিনি তার স্মৃতি হারাতে শুরু করেন। তিনি আর সেই শক্তিশালী, যত্নশীল ব্যক্তি থাকেন না যাকে বক্তা সবসময় চিনতেন। তিনি দুর্বল হয়ে পড়েন এবং সবকিছুর জন্য তার সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন হয়, অনেকটা আবার শিশুর মতো। (g) What does the speaker mean by "a stranger dressed in the clothes of my mother" in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ছ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় "আমার মায়ের পোশাকে একজন অপরিচিত" বলতে বক্তা কী বুঝিয়েছেন? This phrase means that even though the person looked like her mother on the outside—wearing her clothes and having her face—her mind and personality were gone. It felt like a completely different person, a stranger, was living in her mother’s body. It shows the speaker's deep sadness and confusion about this change. এই কথাটির অর্থ হলো, যদিও ব্যক্তিটিকে বাইরে থেকে তার মায়ের মতো দেখাচ্ছিল—তার পোশাক পরা এবং তার মুখ—কিন্তু তার মন এবং ব্যক্তিত্ব হারিয়ে গিয়েছিল। মনে হচ্ছিল যেন সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন একজন ব্যক্তি, একজন অপরিচিত, তার মায়ের শরীরে বাস করছে। এটি এই পরিবর্তনে বক্তার গভীর দুঃখ এবং বিভ্রান্তি প্রকাশ করে। (h) How does the speaker's role change in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (জ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তার ভূমিকা কীভাবে পরিবর্তিত হয়? The speaker’s role completely flips. At first, she was the child who received care from her mother. But as her mother became sick and weak, the speaker became the caregiver. She started giving the love and support that her mother used to give her. বক্তার ভূমিকা পুরোপুরি উল্টে যায়। প্রথমে, তিনি ছিলেন সেই সন্তান যিনি তার মায়ের কাছ থেকে যত্ন পেতেন। কিন্তু যখন তার মা অসুস্থ এবং দুর্বল হয়ে পড়েন, তখন বক্তা যত্ন নেওয়ার দায়িত্ব নেন। তিনি সেই ভালোবাসা এবং সমর্থন দিতে শুরু করেন যা তার মা তাকে দিতেন। (j) What does the poem "Two Mothers Remembered" describe as coming full circle? (ঝ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতাটি কোন বিষয়টিকে একটি পূর্ণ চক্র হিসাবে বর্ণনা করে? The poem says that life comes full circle when the roles of the mother and child switch. The mother, who was once the strong caregiver, becomes weak and needs help like a child. At the same time, the speaker, who was once the child being cared for, becomes the strong adult who gives care. কবিতাটি বলে যে জীবন একটি পূর্ণ চক্রে আসে যখন মা এবং সন্তানের ভূমিকা বদলে যায়। মা, যিনি একসময় শক্তিশালী যত্নশীল ছিলেন, তিনি দুর্বল হয়ে শিশুর মতো হয়ে যান যার সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন হয়। একই সময়ে, বক্তা, যিনি একসময় যত্ন পাওয়া শিশু ছিলেন, তিনি শক্তিশালী প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক হয়ে ওঠেন যিনি যত্ন প্রদান করেন। (k) Who are the "women three" mentioned in the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ঞ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় উল্লেখিত "তিনজন নারী" কারা? The "women three" are the three main figures in this story of life. They are: 1) the first mother (when she was strong and caring), 2) the second mother (when she became old and needed help), and 3) the speaker herself, who became the new caregiver. "তিনজন নারী" হলো এই জীবনের গল্পের তিনটি প্রধান চরিত্র। তারা হলো: ১) প্রথম মা (যখন তিনি শক্তিশালী এবং যত্নশীল ছিলেন), ২) দ্বিতীয় মা (যখন তিনি বৃদ্ধ হয়ে গিয়েছিলেন এবং তার সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন ছিল), এবং ৩) বক্তা নিজেই, যিনি নতুন যত্ন প্রদানকারী হয়েছিলেন। (l) What does the speaker anticipate for her own children in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ট) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা তার নিজের সন্তানদের জন্য কী প্রত্যাশা করেন? The speaker expects that one day, her own children will see her change in the same way she saw her mother change. She knows that as she gets older, a "new" version of her will appear, and her children will have to become her caregivers, just as she did for her own mother. বক্তা প্রত্যাশা করেন যে একদিন, তার নিজের সন্তানরা তাকে ঠিক সেভাবেই পরিবর্তিত হতে দেখবে যেভাবে তিনি তার মাকে পরিবর্তিত হতে দেখেছেন। তিনি জানেন যে তার বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে তার একটি "নতুন" রূপ প্রকাশ পাবে, এবং তার সন্তানদের তার যত্ন নিতে হবে, ঠিক যেমন তিনি তার নিজের মায়ের জন্য করেছিলেন। (m) What request does the speaker make of her children in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ঠ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা তার সন্তানদের কাছে কী অনুরোধ করেন? The speaker asks her children to please love both versions of her when she gets old. She wants them to love the strong mother who raised them and also the older, weaker mother she will become. She hopes they will understand that both are part of the same person. বক্তা তার সন্তানদের কাছে অনুরোধ করেন যে যখন তিনি বৃদ্ধ হয়ে যাবেন, তখন যেন তারা তার উভয় রূপকেই ভালোবাসে। তিনি চান যেন তারা সেই শক্তিশালী মাকে ভালোবাসে যিনি তাদের বড় করেছেন এবং সেই বৃদ্ধ, দুর্বল মাকেও ভালোবাসে যিনি তিনি ভবিষ্যতে হবেন। তিনি আশা করেন যে তারা বুঝবে যে উভয়ই একই ব্যক্তির অংশ। (n) How does the poem "Two Mothers Remembered" portray love between mothers and children? (ড) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতাটি মা ও সন্তানদের মধ্যেকার ভালোবাসাকে কীভাবে চিত্রিত করে? The poem shows that the love between a mother and child is very strong, endless, and changes over time. The speaker loves her mother even after she changes completely. It teaches that this special bond doesn’t break with age or sickness. Love remains even when roles are reversed. কবিতাটি দেখায় যে মা ও সন্তানের মধ্যেকার ভালোবাসা খুব শক্তিশালী, অফুরন্ত এবং সময়ের সাথে সাথে পরিবর্তিত হয়। বক্তা তার মাকে সম্পূর্ণ পরিবর্তিত হওয়ার পরেও ভালোবাসেন। এটি শেখায় যে এই বিশেষ বন্ধন বয়স বা অসুস্থতার সাথে ভেঙে যায় না। ভূমিকা বদলে গেলেও ভালোবাসা থেকে যায়। (o) What emotional transition does the speaker experience in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ঢ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা কোন ধরনের মানসিক পরিবর্তনের মধ্য দিয়ে যান? The speaker goes through a very big emotional change. At first, she felt safe and loved as a child. Later, as her mother weakened, she had to become the strong one. This change brought feelings of sadness for what was lost, but also a deep sense of responsibility and love as she took care of her mother. বক্তা একটি খুব বড় মানসিক পরিবর্তনের মধ্য দিয়ে যান। প্রথমে, তিনি শিশু হিসেবে নিরাপদ এবং ভালোবাসা অনুভব করতেন। পরে, যখন তার মা দুর্বল হয়ে পড়েন, তখন তাকে শক্তিশালী হতে হয়েছিল। এই পরিবর্তনটি যা হারিয়ে গেছে তার জন্য দুঃখের অনুভূতি নিয়ে আসে, কিন্তু সাথে সাথে তার মায়ের যত্ন নেওয়ার সময় একটি গভীর দায়িত্ববোধ এবং ভালোবাসার অনুভূতিও নিয়ে আসে। (p) How does the speaker describe the physical appearance of her second mother in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ণ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের শারীরিক চেহারা কীভাবে বর্ণনা করেছেন? The speaker says that from a distance, her second mother looked the same as her first mother. She had the same body and face. But up close, her mind and spirit were gone, which made her feel like a completely different person, even though her looks had not changed much. বক্তা বলেন যে দূর থেকে, তার দ্বিতীয় মাকে তার প্রথম মায়ের মতোই দেখাচ্ছিল। তার একই শরীর এবং মুখ ছিল। কিন্তু কাছ থেকে, তার মন এবং আত্মা হারিয়ে গিয়েছিল, যার কারণে তাকে সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন একজন ব্যক্তি বলে মনে হতো, যদিও তার চেহারায় খুব বেশি পরিবর্তন হয়নি। (q) What does the second mother symbolize in the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ত) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় দ্বিতীয় মা কিসের প্রতীক? The second mother is a symbol of how people become weak and need help as they get older. She represents the difficult fact that parents who once took care of us will one day need us to take care of them. She is a symbol of how aging can change a person and reverse the roles between a parent and child. দ্বিতীয় মা হলেন বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে মানুষ কীভাবে দুর্বল হয়ে পড়ে এবং তাদের সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন হয়, তার প্রতীক। তিনি এই কঠিন সত্যটির প্রতিনিধিত্ব করেন যে والدين যারা একসময় আমাদের যত্ন নিতেন, একদিন তাদের আমাদের যত্নের প্রয়োজন হবে। তিনি এই প্রতীক যে বার্ধক্য কীভাবে একজন ব্যক্তিকে পরিবর্তন করতে পারে এবং والدين ও সন্তানের মধ্যে ভূমিকা উল্টে দিতে পারে। (s) What role does the speaker play for her second mother in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (থ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের জন্য কী ভূমিকা পালন করেন? For her second mother, the speaker becomes the main caregiver and protector. As her mother gets weaker, the speaker provides the strength, love, and support that her mother can no longer provide for herself. She takes on the role her mother used to have, completing the circle of life. তার দ্বিতীয় মায়ের জন্য, বক্তা প্রধান যত্ন প্রদানকারী এবং রক্ষক হয়ে ওঠেন। যখন তার মা দুর্বল হতে থাকেন, তখন বক্তা সেই শক্তি, ভালোবাসা এবং সমর্থন জোগান যা তার মা আর নিজের জন্য জোগান দিতে পারেন না। তিনি সেই ভূমিকা গ্রহণ করেন যা একসময় তার মায়ের ছিল, এবং এভাবেই জীবনের বৃত্ত সম্পূর্ণ করেন। (t) What does the poem "Two Mothers Remembered" say about the inevitability of change? (দ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতাটি পরিবর্তনের অনিবার্যতা সম্পর্কে কী বলে? The poem shows that change is a natural and unavoidable part of life. A strong mother becomes weak, and a dependent child becomes a strong caregiver. It teaches that we cannot stop these changes from happening as time goes on. It's all part of the natural cycle of life. কবিতাটি দেখায় যে পরিবর্তন জীবনের একটি স্বাভাবিক এবং தவிர்க்க முடியாத অংশ। একজন শক্তিশালী মা দুর্বল হয়ে পড়েন, এবং একজন নির্ভরশীল শিশু একজন শক্তিশালী যত্ন প্রদানকারী হয়ে ওঠে। এটি শেখায় যে সময়ের সাথে সাথে আমরা এই পরিবর্তনগুলো ঘটা থেকে থামাতে পারি না। এটি সবই জীবনের স্বাভাবিক চক্রের অংশ। (u) What is the main lesson the speaker learns in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ধ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা প্রধানত কোন শিক্ষাটি লাভ করেন? The main lesson the speaker learns is that love is strong enough to last through any change. She learns to love both the strong version and the weak version of her mother. She also learns that it is a natural part of life for children to one day take care of their parents, and that this act of caring is a deep form of love. বক্তা প্রধানত এই শিক্ষাটি লাভ করেন যে ভালোবাসা যেকোনো পরিবর্তনের মধ্য দিয়ে টিকে থাকার জন্য যথেষ্ট শক্তিশালী। তিনি তার মায়ের শক্তিশালী এবং দুর্বল উভয় রূপকেই ভালোবাসতে শেখেন। তিনি আরও শেখেন যে একদিন সন্তানদের তাদের والدينদের যত্ন নেওয়া জীবনের একটি স্বাভাবিক অংশ, এবং এই যত্ন নেওয়ার কাজটি ভালোবাসার একটি গভীর রূপ। (v) What does the poem "Two Mothers Remembered" suggest about caregiving? (ন) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতাটি যত্ন প্রদান সম্পর্কে কী ধারণা দেয়? The poem suggests that taking care of someone is a very important job that requires a lot of love, patience, and strength. It’s not just about helping with physical needs, but also about giving emotional support. The poem shows that becoming a caregiver for a parent is a natural part of life and a beautiful way to show love. কবিতাটি ধারণা দেয় যে কারও যত্ন নেওয়া একটি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কাজ যার জন্য অনেক ভালোবাসা, ধৈর্য এবং শক্তির প্রয়োজন হয়। এটি কেবল শারীরিক প্রয়োজন মেটানো নয়, মানসিক সমর্থন দেওয়াও বটে। কবিতাটি দেখায় যে একজন والدينর যত্ন প্রদানকারী হওয়া জীবনের একটি স্বাভাবিক অংশ এবং ভালোবাসা প্রকাশের একটি সুন্দর উপায়। (x) What connection does the speaker draw between herself and her children in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (প) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা নিজের এবং তার সন্তানদের মধ্যে কী সংযোগ স্থাপন করেন? The speaker connects her own life to her children's future. She understands that the cycle she went through with her mother will likely repeat with her own children. She expects that one day, her children will need to become her caregivers, continuing the pattern of love and support from one generation to the next. বক্তা নিজের জীবনকে তার সন্তানদের ভবিষ্যতের সাথে সংযুক্ত করেন। তিনি বোঝেন যে তিনি তার মায়ের সাথে যে চক্রের মধ্য দিয়ে গিয়েছেন, তা সম্ভবত তার নিজের সন্তানদের সাথেও পুনরাবৃত্তি হবে। তিনি প্রত্যাশা করেন যে একদিন, তার সন্তানদের তার যত্ন প্রদানকারী হতে হবে, এবং এভাবেই এক প্রজন্ম থেকে পরবর্তী প্রজন্মে ভালোবাসা এবং সমর্থনের এই ধারা চলতে থাকবে। (w) What does the speaker mean by "love both of your Mothers" in "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ফ) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় "তোমাদের উভয় মাকেই ভালোবেসো" বলতে বক্তা কী বুঝিয়েছেন? When the speaker says this, she is giving advice to her own children. She is asking them to love her in both stages of her life: now, when she is the strong mother, and later, when she becomes the older, weaker mother. It’s a way of asking for unconditional love that accepts all changes. যখন বক্তা এই কথাটি বলেন, তখন তিনি তার নিজের সন্তানদের উপদেশ দিচ্ছেন। তিনি তাদের অনুরোধ করছেন যেন তারা তার জীবনের উভয় পর্যায়েই তাকে ভালোবাসে: এখন, যখন তিনি শক্তিশালী মা, এবং পরেও, যখন তিনি বৃদ্ধ, দুর্বল মা হয়ে যাবেন। এটি এমন এক শর্তহীন ভালোবাসার অনুরোধ যা সব পরিবর্তনকে মেনে নেয়। (y) What is the central theme of the poem "Two Mothers Remembered"? (ব) "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতার কেন্দ্রীয় বিষয়বস্তু কী? The main idea of the poem is about the circle of life and how love between a mother and child changes over time but never goes away. It talks about roles switching, where a child who was once cared for grows up to take care of their aging parent. The poem shows that even when people get old and change, the love and bond in a family remain strong. কবিতাটির প্রধান ধারণা হলো জীবনের চক্র এবং কীভাবে মা ও সন্তানের মধ্যেকার ভালোবাসা সময়ের সাথে পরিবর্তিত হলেও কখনও হারিয়ে যায় না। এটি ভূমিকা বদলের কথা বলে, যেখানে একসময় যত্ন পাওয়া শিশু বড় হয়ে তার বৃদ্ধ والدينর যত্ন নেয়। কবিতাটি দেখায় যে মানুষ বৃদ্ধ হয়ে গেলেও এবং পরিবর্তিত হলেও, একটি পরিবারের মধ্যেকার ভালোবাসা এবং বন্ধন শক্তিশালী থাকে। Detailed Summary: In Two Mothers Remembered , the speaker reflects on the complex, ever-changing role of motherhood through her experiences with two women who were both important figures in her life. The poem speaks to the love, sacrifices, and eventual role reversal that comes with aging and the inevitable changes in life. The first mother is the biological mother, who gave birth to the speaker, raised her, and supported her through her journey in life. As the speaker grew older, she shared a deep bond with her mother, filled with love, laughter, and the teaching of life lessons. However, as time passed, her mother’s mental health declined, and the speaker had to witness the woman she knew transform into someone unrecognizable. Although her mother’s physical appearance remained the same, her behavior and personality changed dramatically. The speaker then had to step into the role of caregiver, reversing the parent-child roles where she became the one offering strength to the woman who once nurtured her. The speaker reflects on the cycle of life and motherhood and expresses a desire for her own children to honor and love both the mothers in their lives. The poem highlights the enduring love between mother and child, the painful but necessary changes that come with aging, and the responsibility that children often must assume as their parents grow older. বিস্তারিত সারসংক্ষেপ: "টু মাদার্স রিমেম্বারড" কবিতায় বক্তা তার জীবনের দুজন গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নারীর সঙ্গে তার অভিজ্ঞতার মাধ্যমে মাতৃত্বের জটিল ও পরিবর্তনশীল ভূমিকার কথা তুলে ধরেছেন। কবিতাটি ভালোবাসা, ত্যাগ এবং বয়সের সাথে আসা ভূমিকা বদল ও জীবনের অনিবার্য পরিবর্তন নিয়ে কথা বলে। প্রথম মা হলেন জন্মদাত্রী মা, যিনি বক্তাকে জন্ম দিয়েছেন, তাকে বড় করেছেন এবং জীবনের যাত্রাপথে তাকে সমর্থন করেছেন। বক্তা বড় হওয়ার সাথে সাথে তার মায়ের সঙ্গে ভালোবাসা, হাসি এবং জীবন থেকে পাওয়া শিক্ষায় পূর্ণ একটি গভীর বন্ধন গড়ে ওঠে। কিন্তু, সময় যাওয়ার সাথে সাথে তার মায়ের মানসিক স্বাস্থ্যের অবনতি ঘটে এবং বক্তাকে তার পরিচিত নারীকে এক irreconocible ব্যক্তিতে রূপান্তরিত হতে দেখতে হয়। যদিও তার মায়ের শারীরিক চেহারা একই ছিল, তার আচরণ এবং ব্যক্তিত্ব নাটকীয়ভাবে বদলে যায়। এরপর বক্তাকে যত্নশীলের ভূমিকা নিতে হয়, والدين-সন্তানের ভূমিকা উল্টে দিয়ে, যেখানে তিনি সেই নারীকে শক্তি জোগাতে শুরু করেন যিনি একসময় তাকে লালন-পালন করেছিলেন। বক্তা জীবন ও মাতৃত্বের চক্র নিয়ে চিন্তা করেন এবং তার নিজের সন্তানদের জন্য ইচ্ছা প্রকাশ করেন যেন তারা তাদের জীবনের উভয় মাকেই সম্মান ও ভালোবাসে। কবিতাটি মা ও সন্তানের মধ্যেকার চিরস্থায়ী ভালোবাসা, বয়সের সাথে আসা বেদনাদায়ক কিন্তু প্রয়োজনীয় পরিবর্তন এবং والدينদের বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে সন্তানদের যে দায়িত্ব গ্রহণ করতে হয়, তা তুলে ধরে। Theme: The main theme of the poem is the circle of life and the strong, unchanging love between a mother and child. It shows how roles can switch over time. First, a mother is strong and takes care of her child. But as the mother gets older and weaker, the child grows up and becomes the one who gives care. The poem teaches us that this change is a natural part of life. Even when a person's body and mind change with age, the love in a family should stay the same. It highlights the importance of caregiving as a special way to show love and respect to those who once cared for us. Ultimately, it’s about unconditional love that lasts through all of life's stages. বাংলা অনুবাদ কবিতাটির প্রধান বিষয়বস্তু হলো জীবনের চক্র এবং মা ও সন্তানের মধ্যেকার শক্তিশালী, অপরিবর্তনীয় ভালোবাসা। এটি দেখায় যে সময়ের সাথে সাথে ভূমিকা কীভাবে পরিবর্তিত হতে পারে। প্রথমে, একজন মা শক্তিশালী থাকেন এবং তার সন্তানের যত্ন নেন। কিন্তু যখন মা বৃদ্ধ ও দুর্বল হয়ে যান, তখন সন্তান বড় হয়ে ওঠে এবং সেই যত্ন প্রদানকারী হয়ে ওঠে। কবিতাটি আমাদের শেখায় যে এই পরিবর্তন জীবনের একটি স্বাভাবিক অংশ। বয়সের সাথে সাথে একজন ব্যক্তির শরীর ও মন পরিবর্তিত হলেও, পরিবারের ভালোবাসা একই থাকা উচিত। এটি যত্ন প্রদানকে ভালোবাসা এবং সম্মান দেখানোর একটি বিশেষ উপায় হিসেবে তুলে ধরে, বিশেষ করে তাদের প্রতি যারা একসময় আমাদের যত্ন নিয়েছিলেন। পরিশেষে, এটি সেই শর্তহীন ভালোবাসার কথা বলে যা জীবনের সমস্ত পর্যায়ে টিকে থাকে। More Short Answer Questions Of course. Here are the questions with their rewritten, easy-to-understand answers, along with Bangla translations for each. 1. How many mothers does the speaker claim to have? ১. বক্তা তার কতজন মা আছে বলে দাবি করেন? The speaker says she has two mothers, but they are actually the same person at two different stages of her life. The "first mother" is the woman who gave birth to her and raised her when she was strong and healthy. The "second mother" is the same woman, but much later in life when she becomes old and her memory fades. বক্তা বলেন যে তার দুজন মা আছেন, কিন্তু তারা আসলে একই ব্যক্তি তার জীবনের দুটি ভিন্ন পর্যায়ে। "প্রথম মা" হলেন সেই নারী যিনি তাকে জন্ম দিয়েছেন এবং যখন তিনি শক্তিশালী ও সুস্থ ছিলেন তখন তাকে বড় করেছেন। "দ্বিতীয় মা" হলেন সেই একই নারী, কিন্তু জীবনের অনেক পরে যখন তিনি বৃদ্ধ হয়ে যান এবং তার স্মৃতিশক্তি ক্ষীণ হয়ে আসে। 2. What is the relationship between the two mothers? ২. দুজন মায়ের মধ্যে সম্পর্ক কী? The two mothers are not different people; they are the same woman at different points in time. The "first mother" was a strong caregiver who looked after the speaker. The "second mother" is that same woman after she has grown old and weak, and now needs someone to look after her. The relationship is that of one person changing over time. দুজন মা ভিন্ন কোনো ব্যক্তি নন; তারা সময়ের দুটি ভিন্ন বিন্দুতে একই নারী। "প্রথম মা" একজন শক্তিশালী যত্নশীল ছিলেন যিনি বক্তার দেখাশোনা করতেন। "দ্বিতীয় মা" হলেন সেই একই নারী যিনি বৃদ্ধ ও দুর্বল হয়ে যাওয়ার পরে এখন তার দেখাশোনা করার জন্য কাউকে প্রয়োজন। সম্পর্কটি হলো সময়ের সাথে সাথে একজন ব্যক্তির পরিবর্তিত হওয়ার। 3. What role did the first mother play in the speaker's life? ৩. বক্তার জীবনে প্রথম মায়ের ভূমিকা কী ছিল? The first mother was the most important person in the speaker's early life. She was a loving caregiver who gave birth to the speaker, raised her, and taught her important lessons about life. She was a guide and a source of strength. The speaker also got her looks, like her facial expressions, from this mother. বক্তার প্রাথমিক জীবনে প্রথম মা সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ব্যক্তি ছিলেন। তিনি একজন স্নেহময়ী যত্নশীল ছিলেন যিনি বক্তাকে জন্ম দিয়েছেন, তাকে বড় করেছেন এবং জীবন সম্পর্কে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শিক্ষা দিয়েছেন। তিনি একজন পথপ্রদর্শক এবং শক্তির উৎস ছিলেন। বক্তা তার মায়ের কাছ থেকে তার চেহারা, যেমন মুখের অভিব্যক্তিও পেয়েছেন। 4. What happens when the speaker's mother’s mind clouds? ৪. যখন বক্তার মায়ের মন "মেঘলা" হয়ে যায় তখন কী ঘটে? When the mother's mind "clouds," it means she becomes confused and starts to lose her memory. Her personality changes, and she is no longer the strong person she used to be. She becomes more like a child who needs help and support. Because of this, the speaker's role changes too. The speaker must now become the strong one and take care of her mother. যখন মায়ের মন "মেঘলা" হয়ে যায়, তার মানে তিনি বিভ্রান্ত হয়ে পড়েন এবং তার স্মৃতিশক্তি হারাতে শুরু করেন। তার ব্যক্তিত্ব পরিবর্তিত হয়, এবং তিনি আর আগের মতো শক্তিশালী ব্যক্তি থাকেন না। তিনি অনেকটা এমন এক শিশুর মতো হয়ে যান যার সাহায্য এবং সমর্থনের প্রয়োজন। এ কারণে বক্তার ভূমিকাও পরিবর্তিত হয়। বক্তাকে এখন শক্তিশালী হতে হয় এবং তার মায়ের যত্ন নিতে হয়। 5. What physical features does the speaker inherit from her mother? ৫. বক্তা তার মায়ের কাছ থেকে কোন শারীরিক বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলো পেয়েছেন? The speaker gets her looks from her mother. Specifically, she says she has her mother's face and even makes the same expressions. This is important because it shows a deep and visible connection between them. It’s a reminder that the speaker will always carry a part of her mother with her. বক্তা তার মায়ের কাছ থেকে তার চেহারা পেয়েছেন। বিশেষভাবে, তিনি বলেন যে তার মুখটি তার মায়ের মতো এবং এমনকি তিনি একই রকম অভিব্যক্তিও প্রকাশ করেন। এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কারণ এটি তাদের মধ্যে একটি গভীর এবং দৃশ্যমান সংযোগ দেখায়। এটি একটি স্মারক যে বক্তা সবসময় তার মায়ের একটি অংশ নিজের সাথে বহন করবেন। 6. How did the speaker feel about the changes in her mother as she grew older? ৬. মায়ের বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে তার পরিবর্তনগুলো নিয়ে বক্তা কেমন অনুভব করতেন? The speaker had mixed feelings about her mother's changes. It was sad to see her mother become so different. However, she also accepted it with love and understanding. Sometimes, they could even find humor and laugh together in the middle of difficult moments. This shows that their special bond remained strong, even when things got hard. মায়ের পরিবর্তন নিয়ে বক্তার মিশ্র অনুভূতি ছিল। তার মাকে এত ভিন্ন হয়ে যেতে দেখাটা ছিল দুঃখজনক। তবে, তিনি ভালোবাসা এবং বোঝাপড়ার সাথে এটি মেনেও নিয়েছিলেন। কখনও কখনও, কঠিন মুহূর্তের মাঝেও তারা একসাথে হাস্যরস খুঁজে পেতেন এবং হাসতেন। এটি দেখায় যে তাদের বিশেষ বন্ধনটি কঠিন সময়েও শক্তিশালী ছিল। 7. How did the speaker’s role change when her mother’s mind clouded? ৭. মায়ের মন যখন "মেঘলা" হয়ে যায় তখন বক্তার ভূমিকা কীভাবে পরিবর্তিত হয়েছিল? When the mother’s mind became unclear, the roles between the mother and daughter completely switched. The speaker, who was once the child being taken care of, had to become the adult caregiver. She started providing the strength, support, and care that her mother had always given to her. যখন মায়ের মন অস্পষ্ট হয়ে গেল, তখন মা ও মেয়ের মধ্যে ভূমিকা সম্পূর্ণরূপে বদলে গেল। বক্তা, যিনি একসময় যত্ন পাওয়া শিশু ছিলেন, তাকে এখন প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক যত্নশীল হতে হয়েছিল। তিনি সেই শক্তি, সমর্থন এবং যত্ন প্রদান করতে শুরু করেছিলেন যা তার মা তাকে সবসময় দিয়েছিলেন। 8. What does the speaker hope her children will understand when they grow older? ৮. বক্তা কী আশা করেন যে তার সন্তানরা বড় হয়ে বুঝবে? The speaker hopes that her own children will learn from her example. She wants them to understand that one day, she might also change as she gets older. Her greatest hope is that her children will continue to love her through these changes, remembering both the strong mother who raised them and the older mother who needs their help. বক্তা আশা করেন যে তার নিজের সন্তানরা তার উদাহরণ থেকে শিখবে। তিনি চান যেন তারা বোঝে যে একদিন, বয়স বাড়ার সাথে সাথে তিনিও পরিবর্তিত হতে পারেন। তার সবচেয়ে বড় আশা হলো, তার সন্তানরা এই পরিবর্তনের মধ্যেও তাকে ভালোবাসতে থাকবে, এবং যে শক্তিশালী মা তাদের বড় করেছেন এবং যে বৃদ্ধা মায়ের তাদের সাহায্যের প্রয়োজন হবে, উভয়কেই মনে রাখবে। 9. What is meant by the phrase "we women three"? ৯. "আমরা তিনজন নারী" কথাটির অর্থ কী? The phrase "we women three" refers to the three key figures in this story of changing roles. These are: 1) the first mother (strong and caring), 2) the second mother (the changed, weaker version), and 3) the speaker herself, who becomes the caregiver. Together, they represent the full circle of life passed between a mother and daughter. "আমরা তিনজন নারী" কথাটি এই ভূমিকা বদলের গল্পের তিনটি প্রধান চরিত্রকে বোঝায়। এরা হলো: ১) প্রথম মা (শক্তিশালী এবং যত্নশীল), ২) দ্বিতীয় মা (পরিবর্তিত, দুর্বল সংস্করণ), এবং ৩) বক্তা নিজেই, যিনি যত্নশীলে পরিণত হন। একসাথে, তারা মা ও মেয়ের মধ্যে জীবনের পূর্ণ বৃত্তকে উপস্থাপন করে। 10. What does the poem suggest about the cycle of life and motherhood? ১০. কবিতাটি জীবনচক্র এবং মাতৃত্ব সম্পর্কে কী ধারণা দেয়? The poem suggests that life is a circle, especially for mothers and daughters. A mother starts by taking care of her child. As time passes, the mother grows old, and the child grows up to take care of the mother. This reversal of roles is a natural and unavoidable part of life. The poem teaches that love and care are important at every step of this journey. কবিতাটি ধারণা দেয় যে জীবন একটি বৃত্ত, বিশেষ করে মা ও মেয়েদের জন্য। একজন মা তার সন্তানের যত্ন নেওয়ার মাধ্যমে শুরু করেন। সময় অতিবাহিত হওয়ার সাথে সাথে, মা বৃদ্ধ হন এবং সন্তান বড় হয়ে মায়ের যত্ন নেয়। ভূমিকার এই পরিবর্তন জীবনের একটি স্বাভাবিক এবং অনিবার্য অংশ। কবিতাটি শেখায় যে এই যাত্রার প্রতিটি ধাপে ভালোবাসা এবং যত্ন গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Who is the speaker referring to when she says, "I had two mothers"? a) Two different women who raised her b) Her biological mother and her stepmother c) Her biological mother and her grandmother d) Two mothers from different cultures Answer:  a) Two different women who raised her How does the speaker describe the two mothers? a) Identical in every way b) Different but with the same name c) The same in appearance but different in personality d) They were the same person at different ages Answer:  b) Different but with the same name What was the first mother’s role in the speaker’s life? a) She gave birth and nurtured the speaker b) She was a teacher to the speaker c) She was a close friend of the speaker d) She was the speaker’s grandmother Answer:  a) She gave birth and nurtured the speaker What does the speaker inherit from her first mother? a) A love for animals b) Her facial features c) A love for nature d) A musical talent Answer:  b) Her facial features What happens when the speaker's mother’s mind begins to cloud? a) She becomes younger b) She turns into a stranger c) She becomes a more loving person d) She starts to forget everything Answer:  b) She turns into a stranger How does the relationship between the speaker and her mother change when her mother’s mind begins to fade? a) The mother becomes the child and the speaker becomes the strength b) They grow closer than before c) They stop talking to each other d) They become like friends instead of mother and daughter Answer:  a) The mother becomes the child and the speaker becomes the strength What is the message of the speaker when talking about her children and their potential experience with their own mothers? a) That they should forget the old mother b) That they should love both their mothers c) That they should never replace their mothers d) That they should focus on their own lives Answer:  b) That they should love both their mothers In the poem, how does the speaker describe the change in her mother’s appearance? a) She looks very different from before b) She looks the same from a distance c) She looks much older and frail d) She looks like the speaker Answer:  b) She looks the same from a distance What does the speaker mean by "we women three"? a) Her mother, herself, and her daughter b) The first and second mother, and herself c) Her mother, her friend, and herself d) Three generations of women in her family Answer:  b) The first and second mother, and herself What lesson does the speaker hope to teach her children about love? a) To only love one mother b) To ignore both mothers c) To love both mothers as they have been loved d) To never forget their mothers Answer:  c) To love both mothers as they have been loved Theme: The theme of Two Mothers Remembered focuses on the cyclical nature of life, particularly the relationship between mothers and daughters. It explores the shifting roles that occur as a mother ages and how the daughter must care for her mother in her later years. The poem reflects on love, caregiving, and the passage of time, emphasizing the deep bond between mother and child that transcends generations. Detailed Summary: The speaker begins by sharing that she had two mothers, both of whom had the same name but were very different. The first mother is the one who gave birth to the speaker, raised her, and provided guidance in life. The speaker notes that she inherited her mother’s facial features and expressions. This first mother played a nurturing role, helping the speaker grow and guiding her in life. As the speaker grew older, her mother seemed to grow younger emotionally, and they shared moments of laughter and joy as mother and daughter. However, as time passed, the mother began to experience a decline in mental and physical health. The speaker noticed that her mother’s mind was starting to fade, and it became clear that the mother she knew would soon be gone. This change brought about a reversal of roles: the speaker’s mother, who had once been the caregiver, was now dependent on her daughter. The mother, now fragile and confused, was like a child, and the speaker had to become the strong one, offering care and support. The speaker compares this transformation to the full circle of life, where the roles between mothers and daughters shift over time. She reflects on how the mother’s identity remained, even though her mind was clouded, and how the mother still held a place in the speaker’s heart, even as she became someone different. The speaker then imagines a future where her own children might face a similar situation—where a new mother comes into their lives and the old one fades away. She hopes that her children will do the same for her that she did for her own mother: love both mothers, regardless of the changes that occur. The poem ends with the speaker wishing that her children would understand the deep love and respect between generations and care for both mothers, as she did. Through these reflections, the poem delves into themes of love, aging, the cycle of life, and the importance of honoring both the mother who nurtured and the mother who needs care in her later years. Bangla Translation (Summary) বক্তা শুরু করেন যে তার দুই মা ছিলেন, যাদের দুজনেরই নাম একই ছিল কিন্তু তারা একেবারেই আলাদা ছিলেন। প্রথম মা হলেন তিনি যিনি বক্তাকে জন্ম দিয়েছেন, তাকে লালন-পালন করেছেন এবং জীবনে নির্দেশনা দিয়েছেন। বক্তা উল্লেখ করেন যে তিনি তার মায়ের মুখের বৈশিষ্ট্য এবং অভিব্যক্তি উত্তরাধিকারসূত্রে পেয়েছেন। এই প্রথম মা লালন-পালনের ভূমিকা পালন করেছিলেন, বক্তাকে জীবনে বেড়ে উঠতে এবং নির্দেশনা দিতে সাহায্য করেছিলেন। বক্তা যত বড় হতেন, তার মা আবেগগতভাবে তরুণ হতেন বলে মনে হত এবং তারা মা এবং মেয়ে হিসাবে হাসি এবং আনন্দের মুহূর্তগুলি ভাগ করে নিতেন। যাইহোক, সময়ের সাথে সাথে, মা মানসিক এবং শারীরিক স্বাস্থ্যের অবনতি অনুভব করতে শুরু করেন। বক্তা লক্ষ্য করেন যে তার মায়ের মন ম্লান হতে শুরু করেছে, এবং এটি স্পষ্ট হয়ে ওঠে যে তিনি যে মাকে জানতেন তিনি শীঘ্রই চলে যাবেন। এই পরিবর্তনের ফলে ভূমিকার উল্টোটা ঘটে: বক্তার মা, যিনি একসময় যত্নশীল ছিলেন, তিনি এখন তার মেয়ের উপর নির্ভরশীল। মা, এখন ভঙ্গুর এবং বিভ্রান্ত, একজন শিশুর মতো ছিলেন, এবং বক্তাকে শক্তিশালী হতে হয়েছিল, যত্ন এবং সমর্থন প্রদান করতে হয়েছিল। বক্তা এই রূপান্তরকে জীবনের পূর্ণাঙ্গ বৃত্তের সাথে তুলনা করেছেন, যেখানে সময়ের সাথে সাথে মা এবং কন্যার ভূমিকা পরিবর্তিত হয়। তিনি প্রতিফলিত করেছেন যে কীভাবে মায়ের পরিচয় রয়ে গেছে, যদিও তার মন মেঘলা ছিল, এবং কীভাবে মা এখনও বক্তার হৃদয়ে স্থান করে নিয়েছিলেন, এমনকি যখন তিনি ভিন্ন কেউ হয়েছিলেন। বক্তা এরপর এমন একটি ভবিষ্যতের কল্পনা করেন যেখানে তার নিজের সন্তানরাও একই রকম পরিস্থিতির মুখোমুখি হতে পারে - যেখানে একজন নতুন মা তাদের জীবনে আসে এবং পুরনো মা হারিয়ে যায়। তিনি আশা করেন যে তার সন্তানরা তার জন্যও একই আচরণ করবে যা তিনি তার নিজের মায়ের জন্য করেছিলেন: উভয় মাকে ভালোবাসুন, পরিবর্তন যাই ঘটুক না কেন। কবিতাটি বক্তা এই কামনা করে শেষ করেন যে তার সন্তানরা প্রজন্মের মধ্যে গভীর ভালোবাসা এবং শ্রদ্ধা বুঝতে পারবে এবং উভয় মায়ের প্রতি যত্নবান হবে, যেমনটি তিনি করেছিলেন। এই প্রতিফলনের মাধ্যমে, কবিতাটি প্রেম, বার্ধক্য, জীবনের চক্র এবং লালন-পালনকারী মা এবং তার পরবর্তী বছরগুলিতে যত্নের প্রয়োজন এমন মা উভয়কেই সম্মান করার গুরুত্বের বিষয়বস্তু নিয়ে আলোচনা করে। Ad Vocabulary: English Word English Meaning Bangla Meaning (বাংলা অর্থ) Claim To state that something is true or a fact. দাবি করা Diverse Very different from each other. ভিন্ন / বৈচিত্র্যময় Design (by) Done intentionally or on purpose. পরিকল্পিতভাবে Nurtured Cared for and helped someone grow. লালন-পালন করা Launched Started or set in motion. শুরু করা / সূচনা করা Career A person's journey or path through life. জীবনযাত্রা / কর্মজীবন Features The parts of a person's face (eyes, nose, etc.). মুখাবয়ব / চেহারা Bear To have or show a particular quality or feature. বহন করা Facial expressions The look on a person's face that shows feeling. মুখের অভিব্যক্তি / ভাবভঙ্গি Follows me yet Still stays with me even now. এখনও আমার সাথে আছে Examples she set The way she lived, serving as a model to follow. তিনি যে দৃষ্টান্ত স্থাপন করেছেন Clouded (mind) Became confused, unclear, or unable to think clearly. মন মেঘাচ্ছন্ন হওয়া / ঝাপসা হওয়া Sensed Felt or realized something intuitively. অনুভব করা / উপলব্ধি করা Stranger A person whom one does not know. অপরিচিত / অচেনা At arm's length From a distance; not closely. কিছুটা দূরে / দূর থেকে Strength The quality of being strong; a source of support. শক্তি / অবলম্বন Come full circle To return to a past situation or starting point. একটি বৃত্ত সম্পূর্ণ করা / আগের অবস্থায় ফেরা Goes away Leaves or disappears. চলে যাওয়া / হারিয়ে যাওয়া Ask of them To request or demand something from them. তাদের কাছে চাওয়া

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening By Robert Frost Whose woods these are I think I know.    His house is in the village though;    He will not see me stopping here    To watch his woods fill up with snow.    My little horse must think it queer    To stop without a farmhouse near    Between the woods and frozen lake    The darkest evening of the year.    He gives his harness bells a shake    To ask if there is some mistake.    The only other sound’s the sweep    Of easy wind and downy flake.    The woods are lovely, dark and deep,    But I have promises to keep,    And miles to go before I sleep,    And miles to go before I sleep. Bangla Translation Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (একটি তুষারময় সন্ধ্যায় বনাঞ্চলে থামা) Whose woods these are I think I know. এই বনের মালিক কে আমি ভাবি জানি। His house is in the village though; তবে তার বাড়ি গ্রামে; He will not see me stopping here তিনি আমাকে এখানে থামতে দেখতে পাবেন না, To watch his woods fill up with snow. তার বনটি তুষারে ভর্তি হতে দেখার জন্য। My little horse must think it queer আমার ছোট ঘোড়াটি নিশ্চয়ই এটিকে অদ্ভুত মনে করে, To stop without a farmhouse near একটি ফার্মহাউস ছাড়া থামতে, Between the woods and frozen lake বন এবং জমে যাওয়া হ্রদের মাঝে, The darkest evening of the year. বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যায়। He gives his harness bells a shake সে তার গাড়ির ঘণ্টাগুলি ঝাঁকায়, To ask if there is some mistake. এটি পরীক্ষা করতে, কোনো ভুল হয়েছে কিনা। The only other sound’s the sweep আরেকটি একমাত্র শব্দ হলো Of easy wind and downy flake. হালকা বাতাস এবং নরম তুষারের ঝরঝর শব্দ। The woods are lovely, dark and deep, বনটি সুন্দর, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর, But I have promises to keep, কিন্তু আমার কিছু প্রতিশ্রুতি পূর্ণ করতে হবে, And miles to go before I sleep, এবং আমাকে অনেক দূর যেতে হবে ঘুমানোর আগে, And miles to go before I sleep. এবং আমাকে অনেক দূর যেতে হবে ঘুমানোর আগে। Paraphrasing Paraphrase of "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost Whose woods these are I think I know. I believe I know who owns these woods. I’ve seen him before, and I’m pretty sure these trees belong to him. His house is in the village though; But the man who owns the woods lives in the village, which is far from here. He isn’t around to see what’s happening in his woods right now. He will not see me stopping here Since he’s at his home in the village, he won’t notice me standing here, quietly watching his woods. To watch his woods fill up with snow. I’ve stopped because I want to watch the snow gently falling and covering the ground and trees, making the woods look white and peaceful. My little horse must think it queer My small horse probably finds it strange and unusual that I’ve stopped here because this isn’t a normal place to stop. To stop without a farmhouse near There are no houses, farms, or people around—just empty land and trees—so it’s odd to stop in such a lonely place. Between the woods and frozen lake We are standing in a very quiet spot, right between the dark woods and a frozen lake, where everything feels cold and still. The darkest evening of the year. It ’s the darkest night of the year, probably the winter solstice when nights are long. The darkness makes the scene feel even quieter and more mysterious. He gives his harness bells a shake My horse shakes the bells on his harness, making a jingling sound. It’s like he’s trying to get my attention, wondering why we’ve stopped. To ask if there is some mistake. It seems like my horse is questioning me with the sound of the bells, as if he’s asking, “Did you stop here by mistake? Shouldn’t we keep going?” The only other sound’s the sweep Besides the sound of the bells, the only thing I can hear is the soft, gentle sound of the wind moving across the snow. Of easy wind and downy flake. The wind is light and smooth, and the snowflakes are falling softly, like feathers drifting down. It’s peaceful and quiet all around. The woods are lovely, dark and deep, The woods look beautiful with their thick trees covered in snow. They are dark and seem endless, creating a calm yet mysterious feeling. But I have promises to keep, Even though I’d love to stay here and enjoy the peaceful view, I have responsibilities and things I’ve promised to do. I can’t stay too long. And miles to go before I sleep, I still have a long journey to travel before I can rest, both in the sense of my trip and perhaps in life itself, meaning I have goals to achieve before I die. And miles to go before I sleep. Repeating this line makes it more meaningful. It reminds me again that I have a lot to do and many places to go before I can finally relax or rest forever. Verse-wise Paraphrases with Bangla Translation: Verse 1 Whose woods these are I think I know.    His house is in the village though;    He will not see me stopping here    To watch his woods fill up with snow.   Detailed English Paraphrase The speaker acknowledges that this land belongs to someone else; he is technically trespassing. He feels a connection to the owner, knowing he lives in the nearby village—a place of society and civilization. This thought immediately reassures him. Because the owner is far away in his comfortable house, the speaker feels safe and unobserved, free to have this private, solitary moment with nature. He is taking a secret pleasure in watching the serene and beautiful act of the snow quietly blanketing the forest, a sight the owner himself is missing. বিস্তারিত বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ (Detailed Bangla Paraphrase) আমি বেশ নিশ্চিত যে আমি জানি এই বনের মালিক কে। তবে, যেহেতু তার বাড়ি গ্রামের ভেতরে—যা সভ্যতা এবং সমাজের প্রতীক—তাই আমি নিশ্চিন্ত যে তিনি আমাকে এখানে থামতে দেখবেন না। এই সুযোগে আমি তার বনভূমিকে ধীরে ধীরে বরফে ঢেকে যাওয়ার অপূর্ব ও শান্ত দৃশ্য উপভোগ করছি। এটি একান্তই আমার একার মুহূর্ত, যা স্বয়ং বনের মালিকও দেখতে পাচ্ছেন না। Verse 2 My little horse must think it queer    To stop without a farmhouse near    Between the woods and frozen lake    The darkest evening of the year.    Detailed English Paraphrase The speaker imagines the thoughts of his horse, which represents practicality and animal instinct. For the horse, stopping only makes sense if there is a destination—a farmhouse offering food and shelter. The speaker's decision to pause for no practical reason is strange (queer) to the horse. The setting is described as stark and isolated: they are caught between the wildness of the forest and the lifeless cold of a frozen lake. This stop is made even more unusual because it's the Winter Solstice, the longest and darkest night of the year—a time when logic dictates one should be seeking warmth and safety, not lingering in the cold darkness. বিস্তারিত বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ (Detailed Bangla Paraphrase) আমার ছোট্ট ঘোড়াটি, যা কেবল অভ্যাসেই চলে, সে নিশ্চয়ই এই আচরণকে খুব অস্বাভাবিক ভাবছে। কারণ সাধারণত আমরা কেবল খামারবাড়ির কাছেই থামি, কিন্তু এখানে তেমন কিছুই নেই। আমরা একপাশে বন আর অন্যপাশে হিমশীতল হ্রদের মাঝখানে এক নির্জন স্থানে দাঁড়িয়ে আছি। তার উপর, এটি বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকারময় এবং দীর্ঘতম সন্ধ্যা, যখন উষ্ণ আশ্রয় খোঁজাটাই স্বাভাবিক, এভাবে থেমে থাকা নয়। ঘোড়ার এই ভাবনাটি প্রকৃতির বাস্তবতার সাথে কবির ভাবনার বৈপরীত্য তুলে ধরে। Verse 3 He gives his harness bells a shake    To ask if there is some mistake.    The only other sound’s the sweep    Of easy wind and downy flake.    Detailed English Paraphrase The horse's confusion turns into a physical action. It shakes its head, causing the harness bells to jingle. This man-made sound briefly breaks the profound silence of the natural world, serving as a gentle but clear question from the horse: "Why have we stopped? Is something wrong?" Once the artificial sound of the bells fades, the speaker becomes aware of how incredibly quiet it is. The only other sounds are the most subtle and gentle ones imaginable: the soft whisper of the wind moving through the trees and the completely silent fall of the light, fluffy snowflakes. This contrast highlights the deep peace of the scene. বিস্তারিত বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ (Detailed Bangla Paraphrase) তার বিভ্রান্তি প্রকাশ করতে, ঘোড়াটি তার গলার ঘণ্টা লাগানো দড়িটি ঝাঁকিয়ে দেয়। এই কৃত্রিম শব্দটি মুহূর্তের জন্য প্রকৃতির গভীর নীরবতাকে ভেঙে দেয়। এই শব্দ দিয়ে সে যেন প্রশ্ন করছে, 'কোনো ভুল হলো কি? আমরা এখানে কেন থামলাম?'। ঘণ্টার এই আওয়াজটুকু ছাড়া চারপাশের প্রকৃতি সম্পূর্ণ নীরব। সেই নীরবতাকে ভেঙে কেবল দুটি প্রায়-শব্দহীন আওয়াজ শোনা যাচ্ছে—একটি হলো ঝিরিঝিরি বাতাসের বয়ে যাওয়ার শব্দ, আর অন্যটি হলো নরম তুলোর মতো বরফকণার ঝরে পড়ার শব্দহীন স্পর্শ। Verse 4 The woods are lovely, dark and deep,    But I have promises to keep,    And miles to go before I sleep,    And miles to go before I sleep. Detailed English Paraphrase The speaker fully acknowledges the powerful allure of the woods. They are "lovely" (beautiful), "dark" (mysterious and unknown), and "deep" (vast and immersive). This place offers an escape, a profound sense of peace, and perhaps even the ultimate rest of death. However, he pulls himself back from this temptation by remembering his obligations—the "promises" he has made to others and to himself. These promises represent his duties, responsibilities, and his role in human society. The final two lines have a dual meaning: Literally:  He has a long physical distance to travel before he can get home and sleep for the night. Metaphorically:  He has a long life ahead of him and many responsibilities to fulfill before he can allow himself the final, eternal sleep of death. The repetition emphasizes the weight of these duties and the long, arduous journey of life that still lies before him. বিস্তারিত বাংলা ভাবানুবাদ (Detailed Bangla Paraphrase) বনটি একদিকে যেমন মনোরম, তেমনই অন্ধকার ও গভীর—যা একাধারে সৌন্দর্য এবং অন্যদিকে গভীর, চিরস্থায়ী বিশ্রামের (সম্ভবত মৃত্যুর) আকর্ষণ তৈরি করছে। কিন্তু এই মোহে আমি হারিয়ে যেতে পারি না, কারণ আমাকে দেওয়া প্রতিশ্রুতিগুলো অবশ্যই রক্ষা করতে হবে; আমার সামাজিক এবং ব্যক্তিগত দায়িত্ব রয়েছে। শেষ দুটি লাইনের একটি দ্বৈত অর্থ রয়েছে। আক্ষরিক অর্থে, রাতে বিশ্রামের আগে আমাকে এখনও বহু মাইল পথ যেতে হবে। এবং রূপক অর্থে, জীবনের অন্তিম ঘুমের আগে আমার যাত্রাপথ এখনও দীর্ঘ, আমার করণীয় এখনও অনেক বাকি। এই পুনরাবৃত্তি জীবনের দায়িত্বের গভীরতা এবং পথের দূরত্বকে ফুটিয়ে তোলে। Short Answer Question: 1. Why does the speaker stop by the woods in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা কেন বনের পাশে থামেন? The speaker stops his journey because he is completely captivated by a beautiful and quiet scene. He sees a forest that is slowly being covered in a blanket of white snow, and he feels a strong urge to just pause for a moment. He wants to soak in the peacefulness and the lovely sight of nature before he has to continue with his travels. বক্তা তার যাত্রা থামিয়েছেন কারণ তিনি একটি শান্ত ও সুন্দর দৃশ্যে পুরোপুরি মুগ্ধ হয়েছেন। তিনি দেখতে পাচ্ছেন যে একটি বন ধীরে ধীরে সাদা বরফের চাদরে ঢেকে যাচ্ছে, এবং তিনি কিছুক্ষণের জন্য থামার একটি তীব্র ইচ্ছা অনুভব করছেন। তার যাত্রা চালিয়ে যাওয়ার আগে তিনি প্রকৃতির এই শান্ত ও মনোরম দৃশ্যটি উপভোগ করতে চান। 2. Why does the speaker think the owner will not see him in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ২. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা কেন ভাবছেন যে মালিক তাকে দেখতে পাবেন না? The speaker is very confident that the owner of the woods will not see him. This is because the owner lives in the village, which is far away from this specific, isolated spot. The owner is likely inside his warm house, surrounded by the activities of the town, while the speaker is all alone in the quiet, remote wilderness. This physical distance gives the speaker a feeling of privacy and safety. বক্তা বেশ নিশ্চিত যে বনের মালিক তাকে দেখতে পাবেন না। এর কারণ হলো মালিক গ্রামে বাস করেন, যা এই নির্জন স্থান থেকে বেশ দূরে অবস্থিত। মালিক সম্ভবত তার উষ্ণ বাড়ির ভেতরে, শহরের কোলাহলের মধ্যে আছেন, আর বক্তা এদিকে শান্ত, দূরবর্তী বন্য পরিবেশে সম্পূর্ণ একা। এই শারীরিক দূরত্ব বক্তাকে এক ধরনের গোপনীয়তা এবং নিরাপত্তার অনুভূতি দিচ্ছে। 3. What is the speaker doing in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৩. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা কী করছেন? The speaker is taking a short, unplanned break from his travels. His main activity is simply standing still and watching the beautiful sight of the woods getting covered by falling snow. It's a moment of pure appreciation for nature's beauty on a quiet winter evening. Even though he knows he has important responsibilities and cannot stay for long, he allows himself this brief period of peace and reflection. বক্তা তার ভ্রমণ থেকে একটি ছোট, অপরিকল্পিত বিরতি নিচ্ছেন। তার প্রধান কাজ হলো কেবল স্থির হয়ে দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা এবং বরফ পড়ার কারণে বনভূমি ঢেকে যাওয়ার সুন্দর দৃশ্যটি পর্যবেক্ষণ করা। এটি একটি শান্ত শীতের সন্ধ্যায় প্রকৃতির সৌন্দর্যকে উপভোগ করার একটি মুহূর্ত। যদিও তিনি জানেন যে তার গুরুত্বপূর্ণ দায়িত্ব রয়েছে এবং তিনি বেশিক্ষণ থাকতে পারবেন না, তবুও তিনি নিজেকে এই সংক্ষিপ্ত শান্তি ও চিন্তার সুযোগ দিচ্ছেন। 4. What does the speaker say about his little horse in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৪. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা তার ছোট ঘোড়া সম্পর্কে কী বলেছেন? The speaker imagines what his little horse must be thinking. He says the horse probably finds it very strange to stop in the middle of nowhere, without a farmhouse or any sign of shelter nearby. The horse is a practical animal, used to stopping for a reason like food or rest, so this pause to simply look at a snowy forest seems confusing to it. বক্তা কল্পনা করছেন যে তার ছোট ঘোড়াটি কী ভাবছে। তিনি বলেছেন যে ঘোড়াটির কাছে কোনো খামারবাড়ি বা আশ্রয়স্থলের চিহ্ন ছাড়াই এমন নির্জন জায়গায় থেমে যাওয়াটা খুব অদ্ভুত মনে হচ্ছে। ঘোড়াটি একটি বাস্তববাদী প্রাণী, যা সাধারণত খাবার বা বিশ্রামের মতো কোনো নির্দিষ্ট কারণে থামতে অভ্যস্ত, তাই কেবল একটি বরফে ঢাকা বন দেখার জন্য থেমে যাওয়াটা তার কাছে বিভ্রান্তিকর বলে মনে হচ্ছে। 5. Where is the speaker in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৫. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা কোথায় আছেন? The speaker is in a very remote and quiet location, far from any town or civilization. He has stopped on a path that lies between a dark forest on one side and a frozen lake on the other. The setting feels very isolated and peaceful, especially as it is described as the "darkest evening of the year," suggesting deep winter. বক্তা শহর বা সভ্যতা থেকে অনেক দূরে একটি খুব নির্জন এবং শান্ত জায়গায় আছেন। তিনি এমন একটি পথে থেমেছেন যার একপাশে একটি অন্ধকার বন এবং অন্যপাশে একটি বরফে জমে যাওয়া হ্রদ রয়েছে। জায়গাটি খুব একাকী ও শান্ত বলে মনে হচ্ছে, বিশেষ করে যেহেতু এটিকে "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে, যা গভীর শীতের ইঙ্গিত দেয়। 6. What time of year is described in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৬. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বছরের কোন সময়ের বর্ণনা দেওয়া হয়েছে? The poem is clearly set in the middle of winter. The evidence for this is the falling snow that is filling up the woods, the mention of a "frozen lake," and the specific description of it being the "darkest evening of the year." This phrase points to the winter solstice in late December, when the night is longest. কবিতাটি স্পষ্টভাবে শীতকালের মাঝামাঝি সময়ের পটভূমিতে রচিত। এর প্রমাণ হলো ঝরে পড়া বরফ যা বনকে পূর্ণ করছে, "জমে যাওয়া হ্রদ"-এর উল্লেখ, এবং এটিকে "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা" হিসাবে বর্ণনা করা। এই কথাটি ডিসেম্বরের শেষ দিকের শীতকালীন অয়নান্তকে নির্দেশ করে, যখন রাত সবচেয়ে দীর্ঘ হয়। 7. What sound does the horse make in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৭. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় ঘোড়াটি কী শব্দ করে? The only sound the horse makes is the gentle ringing or jingling of the small bells attached to its harness. The horse creates this sound by shaking its head, which breaks the deep silence of the snowy evening for a moment. ঘোড়াটি তার গলার সাজ-সরঞ্জামে বাঁধা ছোট ঘণ্টাগুলোর মৃদু রিং বা ঝুনঝুন শব্দ করে। ঘোড়াটি তার মাথা ঝাঁকিয়ে এই শব্দটি তৈরি করে, যা মুহূর্তের জন্য তুষারময় সন্ধ্যার গভীর নীরবতাকে ভেঙে দেয়। 8. What does the horse’s action of shaking the bells suggest in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৮. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় ঘোড়ার ঘণ্টা ঝাঁকানোর কাজটি কী বোঝায়? The horse's action of shaking its bells is like a non-verbal question to the speaker. It suggests the horse is impatient, confused, or perhaps even a little worried. Since they have stopped in a dark, cold place for no obvious reason, the horse is essentially asking, "Is there a mistake? Why are we stopping here?" ঘোড়ার ঘণ্টা ঝাঁকানোর কাজটি বক্তার কাছে একটি নীরব প্রশ্ন করার মতো। এটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে ঘোড়াটি অধৈর্য, বিভ্রান্ত অথবা কিছুটা চিন্তিত। যেহেতু তারা কোনো স্পষ্ট কারণ ছাড়াই একটি অন্ধকার, ঠান্ডা জায়গায় থেমেছে, তাই ঘোড়াটি মূলত জিজ্ঞাসা করছে, "কোনো ভুল হয়েছে কি? আমরা এখানে কেন থামছি?" 9. What are the only other sounds the speaker hears in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ৯. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা অন্য আর কী কী শব্দ শুনতে পান? Besides the horse's bells, the only other sounds are extremely soft and natural. He hears the gentle "sweep" or whispering sound of a light wind moving through the trees. He also hears the near-silent sound of the "downy flake," which describes the soft, fluffy snowflakes as they fall and land around him. ঘোড়ার ঘণ্টা ছাড়াও, অন্য শব্দগুলো অত্যন্ত নরম এবং প্রাকৃতিক। তিনি গাছের মধ্যে দিয়ে বয়ে যাওয়া হালকা বাতাসের মৃদু "সুইপ" বা ফিসফিস শব্দ শুনতে পান। তিনি "ডাউনি ফ্লেক" বা নরম তুলতুলে বরফকণার প্রায়-নীরব শব্দও শুনতে পান, যা তার চারপাশে ঝরে পড়া বরফকে বর্ণনা করে। 10. How are the woods described in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১০. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বনকে কীভাবে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে? The woods are described with three powerful words: "lovely, dark, and deep." "Lovely" shows that the speaker finds them beautiful and attractive. "Dark" and "deep" suggest they are mysterious, vast, and perhaps a little dangerous, but also offer a sense of peaceful escape from the outside world. বনকে তিনটি শক্তিশালী শব্দ দিয়ে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে: "lovely, dark, and deep" (মনোরম, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর)। "Lovely" বা মনোরম শব্দটি দেখায় যে বক্তা বনকে সুন্দর এবং আকর্ষণীয় মনে করছেন। "Dark" এবং "deep" বা অন্ধকার ও গভীর শব্দ দুটি ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে বনটি রহস্যময়, বিশাল এবং সম্ভবত কিছুটা বিপজ্জনক, তবে এটি বাইরের জগৎ থেকে একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ মুক্তির অনুভূতিও দেয়। 11. What does the speaker mean by "promises to keep" in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১১. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় "promises to keep" বলতে বক্তা কী বুঝিয়েছেন? By "promises to keep," the speaker is referring to all of his duties, responsibilities, and obligations in life. These are not just literal promises, but also his commitments to his family, his work, and his role in society. These responsibilities are the reason he cannot stay and rest in the woods, no matter how tempting it is. "Promises to keep" বা প্রতিশ্রুতি রাখার কথা বলতে, বক্তা তার জীবনের সমস্ত কর্তব্য, দায়িত্ব এবং বাধ্যবাধকতাকে উল্লেখ করছেন। এগুলি কেবল আক্ষরিক প্রতিশ্রুতি নয়, বরং তার পরিবার, কাজ এবং সমাজে তার ভূমিকার প্রতি তার অঙ্গীকার। এই দায়িত্বগুলোর কারণেই তিনি বনে বিশ্রাম নিতে পারেন না, তা যতই লোভনীয় হোক না কেন। 12. What is the significance of the repeated line "And miles to go before I sleep" in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১২. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় "And miles to go before I sleep" লাইনটির পুনরাবৃত্তির তাৎপর্য কী? The repetition of this line is very important and gives it two meanings. The first meaning is literal: the speaker has a long physical journey ahead before he can get home and go to sleep for the night. The second, deeper meaning is metaphorical: he has a long life to live and many duties to fulfill ("miles to go") before he can find his final rest in death ("sleep"). The repetition emphasizes how heavy these responsibilities feel. এই লাইনের পুনরাবৃত্তি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ এবং এর দুটি অর্থ রয়েছে। প্রথম অর্থটি আক্ষরিক: বক্তার রাতে বাড়ি ফিরে ঘুমানোর আগে একটি দীর্ঘ শারীরিক পথ পাড়ি দিতে হবে। দ্বিতীয়, গভীর অর্থটি রূপক: মৃত্যুর ("sleep") মাধ্যমে চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রাম পাওয়ার আগে তাকে একটি দীর্ঘ জীবনযাপন করতে হবে এবং অনেক দায়িত্ব ("miles to go") পালন করতে হবে। এই পুনরাবৃত্তিটি দায়িত্বের ভার কতটা ভারী, তা বোঝায়। 13. Why might the speaker be drawn to the woods in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৩. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা কেন বনের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হতে পারেন? The speaker is likely drawn to the woods because they offer a perfect escape from the pressures of his life. The deep quiet, the pure beauty of the snow, and the total isolation provide a powerful sense of peace and tranquility. For a moment, the woods represent a chance to forget his duties and simply rest, which is a very tempting idea for a weary traveler. বক্তা সম্ভবত বনের প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয়েছেন কারণ এটি তার জীবনের চাপ থেকে একটি নিখুঁত মুক্তির সুযোগ দেয়। গভীর নীরবতা, বরফের বিশুদ্ধ সৌন্দর্য এবং সম্পূর্ণ একাকীত্ব একটি শক্তিশালী শান্তি ও প্রশান্তির অনুভূতি প্রদান করে। কিছুক্ষণের জন্য, বনটি তার দায়িত্ব ভুলে গিয়ে কেবল বিশ্রাম নেওয়ার একটি সুযোগের প্রতীক, যা একজন ক্লান্ত ভ্রমণকারীর জন্য অত্যন্ত লোভনীয় একটি ধারণা। 14. What does the snow symbolize in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৪. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বরফ কিসের প্রতীক? The snow in the poem symbolizes several things. It represents purity, beauty, and quietness, as it covers the landscape in a clean white blanket and muffles all sound. It can also symbolize isolation and the coldness of being alone. On a deeper level, a landscape covered in snow can sometimes symbolize the finality of life and the peacefulness of death. কবিতায় বরফ বিভিন্ন জিনিসের প্রতীক। এটি বিশুদ্ধতা, সৌন্দর্য এবং নীরবতার প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, কারণ এটি পৃথিবীকে একটি পরিষ্কার সাদা চাদরে ঢেকে দেয় এবং সমস্ত শব্দকে স্তব্ধ করে দেয়। এটি একাকীত্ব এবং একা থাকার শীতলতারও প্রতীক হতে পারে। গভীর স্তরে, বরফে ঢাকা একটি দৃশ্য কখনও কখনও জীবনের সমাপ্তি এবং মৃত্যুর শান্তির প্রতীক হিসেবেও ব্যবহৃত হয়। 15. Why does the speaker ultimately decide to leave the woods in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৫. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তা শেষ পর্যন্ত কেন বন ছেড়ে যাওয়ার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন? The speaker decides to leave the woods, even though he wants to stay, because his sense of duty is stronger than his desire for rest. He remembers that he has "promises to keep"—responsibilities to others that he must fulfill. The need to be a responsible person and honor his commitments outweighs the beautiful and peaceful temptation of the woods. বক্তা বন ছেড়ে যাওয়ার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন, যদিও তিনি সেখানে থাকতে চান, কারণ তার কর্তব্যের অনুভূতি তার বিশ্রামের ইচ্ছার চেয়ে শক্তিশালী। তার মনে পড়ে যে তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রাখার আছে"—অন্যদের প্রতি তার দায়িত্ব রয়েছে যা তাকে অবশ্যই পালন করতে হবে। একজন দায়িত্বশীল ব্যক্তি হওয়া এবং তার অঙ্গীকার রক্ষা করার প্রয়োজনীয়তা বনের সুন্দর ও শান্তিপূর্ণ প্রলোভনকে ছাড়িয়ে যায়। 16. What mood does the poet create in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৬. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় কবি কী ধরনের মেজাজ তৈরি করেছেন? The poet creates a mood that is very quiet, thoughtful, and slightly sad or melancholy. The peacefulness of the snowy woods makes the reader feel calm and reflective. However, when the speaker remembers his duties and the long journey ahead, the mood shifts slightly to become more somber, highlighting the conflict between desire and responsibility. কবি একটি খুব শান্ত, চিন্তাশীল এবং কিছুটা বিষণ্ণ বা দুঃখময় মেজাজ তৈরি করেছেন। তুষারময় বনের শান্তি পাঠককে শান্ত ও ভাবুক করে তোলে। যাইহোক, যখন বক্তা তার কর্তব্য এবং দীর্ঘ যাত্রার কথা মনে করেন, তখন মেজাজটি কিছুটা পরিবর্তিত হয়ে আরও গম্ভীর হয়ে ওঠে, যা ইচ্ছা এবং দায়িত্বের মধ্যেকার দ্বন্দ্বকে তুলে ধরে। 17. How does the imagery of the woods contribute to the poem's theme in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৭. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বনের চিত্রকল্প কীভাবে কবিতার মূল থিমে অবদান রাখে? The imagery of the woods as "lovely, dark, and deep" is central to the poem's main theme. The woods represent the powerful temptation of rest, beauty, and escape from life's duties. This beautiful image creates a conflict within the speaker. His desire to stay in the woods (representing personal wishes) clashes with his need to leave (representing social responsibilities). "Lovely, dark, and deep" বা মনোরম, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর হিসাবে বনের চিত্রকল্পটি কবিতার মূল থিমের কেন্দ্রবিন্দু। বনটি বিশ্রাম, সৌন্দর্য এবং জীবনের কর্তব্য থেকে মুক্তির শক্তিশালী প্রলোভনের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। এই সুন্দর চিত্রটি বক্তার মধ্যে একটি দ্বন্দ্ব তৈরি করে। বনে থাকার তার ইচ্ছা (ব্যক্তিগত আকাঙ্ক্ষার প্রতীক) এবং বন ছেড়ে যাওয়ার প্রয়োজনীয়তা (সামাজিক দায়িত্বের প্রতীক) একে অপরের সাথে সাংঘর্ষিক হয়ে ওঠে। 18. What does the frozen lake symbolize in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৮. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় জমে যাওয়া হ্রদ কিসের প্রতীক? The frozen lake symbolizes a state of stillness, coldness, and perhaps even a pause in time. Because water, which normally flows, is frozen solid, it adds to the feeling of deep winter and the quiet, almost death-like stillness of the scene. It helps create the boundary of the isolated space where the speaker has his moment of reflection. জমে যাওয়া হ্রদটি স্থিরতা, শীতলতা এবং এমনকি সময়ের বিরতির প্রতীক। জল, যা সাধারণত প্রবাহিত হয়, তা কঠিন বরফে পরিণত হওয়ায় এটি গভীর শীতের অনুভূতি এবং দৃশ্যের শান্ত, প্রায় মৃত্যুর মতো নিস্তব্ধতাকে আরও বাড়িয়ে তোলে। এটি সেই নির্জন স্থানের সীমানা তৈরি করতে সাহায্য করে যেখানে বক্তা তার চিন্তাভাবনার মুহূর্তটি কাটান। 19. How does the speaker's horse add to the poem's narrative in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ১৯. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় বক্তার ঘোড়া কীভাবে কবিতার আখ্যানে যুক্ত হয়েছে? The horse acts as a practical, common-sense voice in the poem. While the speaker is lost in the beauty of the woods, the horse brings him back to reality. By shaking its bells, the horse reminds the speaker that stopping in the cold darkness is not normal or practical. It represents the outside world and its expectations, contrasting with the speaker's inner world of quiet contemplation. কবিতায় ঘোড়াটি একটি বাস্তববাদী, সাধারণ জ্ঞানের কণ্ঠস্বর হিসাবে কাজ করে। যখন বক্তা বনের সৌন্দর্যে হারিয়ে যান, তখন ঘোড়াটি তাকে বাস্তবে ফিরিয়ে আনে। তার ঘণ্টা ঝাঁকিয়ে, ঘোড়াটি বক্তাকে মনে করিয়ে দেয় যে ঠান্ডা অন্ধকারে থেমে থাকাটা স্বাভাবিক বা বাস্তবসম্মত নয়। এটি বাইরের জগৎ এবং তার প্রত্যাশার প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, যা বক্তার শান্ত চিন্তার অভ্যন্তরীণ জগতের সাথে বৈপরীত্য তৈরি করে। 20. What does "darkest evening of the year" in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" mean? ২০. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা" বলতে কী বোঝানো হয়েছে? Literally, the "darkest evening of the year" refers to the winter solstice, the day with the shortest period of daylight and the longest night. Metaphorically, it can symbolize a moment of deep quiet and solitude in the speaker's life. It might also suggest a time of emotional or spiritual darkness, where the speaker feels weary and is tempted by the idea of giving up and resting permanently. আক্ষরিক অর্থে, "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা" বলতে শীতকালীন অয়নান্তকে বোঝায়, যে দিনটিতে দিনের আলো সবচেয়ে কম সময় থাকে এবং রাত সবচেয়ে দীর্ঘ হয়। রূপকভাবে, এটি বক্তার জীবনে গভীর নীরবতা এবং একাকীত্বের একটি মুহূর্তের প্রতীক হতে পারে। এটি এমন একটি মানসিক বা আধ্যাত্মিক অন্ধকারের সময়কেও নির্দেশ করতে পারে, যেখানে বক্তা ক্লান্ত বোধ করছেন এবং হাল ছেড়ে দিয়ে স্থায়ীভাবে বিশ্রাম নেওয়ার ধারণার দ্বারা প্রলুব্ধ হচ্ছেন। 21. What do "promises" in the poem symbolize in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? ২১. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" কবিতায় "promises" বা প্রতিশ্রুতি কিসের প্রতীক? In the poem, "promises" symbolize more than just spoken vows. They represent the entire network of human connection and responsibility—duties to family, work, society, and oneself. They are the forces that pull the speaker back from his desire for personal peace and escape, reminding him of his place in the world and the obligations that come with living. They are the symbol of life's ongoing journey. কবিতায়, "promises" বা প্রতিশ্রুতি কেবল মুখের কথার চেয়েও বেশি কিছু। এগুলি মানবিক সংযোগ এবং দায়িত্বের পুরো জালকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে—পরিবার, কাজ, সমাজ এবং নিজের প্রতি কর্তব্য। এই শক্তিগুলোই বক্তাকে তার ব্যক্তিগত শান্তি এবং মুক্তির ইচ্ছা থেকে ফিরিয়ে আনে, তাকে পৃথিবীতে তার স্থান এবং বেঁচে থাকার সাথে আসা বাধ্যবাধকতাগুলোর কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়। এগুলি জীবনের চলমান যাত্রার প্রতীক। Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) Who does the speaker believe owns the woods? a) A traveler b) A farmer c) A villager d) The speaker himself Answer:  c) A villager Where is the owner of the woods' house located? a) On the farm b) In the city c) In the village d) Near the woods Answer:  c) In the village What is the speaker doing in the woods? a) He is lost. b) He is watching the snow fall. c) He is meeting someone. d) He is on a journey. Answer:  b) He is watching the snow fall. How does the speaker's horse react to stopping in the woods? a) It is calm. b) It is frightened. c) It thinks it is a mistake. d) It enjoys the snow. Answer:  c) It thinks it is a mistake. What is the weather like during the speaker’s stop? a) Sunny and warm b) Cold and snowy c) Stormy and windy d) Rainy and cloudy Answer:  b) Cold and snowy What sound can the speaker hear besides the horse's bells? a) The sound of people talking b) The sound of the wind and snowflakes c) The sound of birds chirping d) The sound of footsteps Answer:  b) The sound of the wind and snowflakes What does the speaker mean by "The woods are lovely, dark and deep"? a) The woods are a place of danger. b) The woods are peaceful and mysterious. c) The woods are bright and cheerful. d) The woods are empty and lonely. Answer:  b) The woods are peaceful and mysterious. What does the speaker need to do before he can rest? a) He needs to take a break. b) He has promises to keep. c) He needs to find the owner of the woods. d) He needs to get to the village. Answer:  b) He has promises to keep. How does the poem end? a) The speaker decides to stay in the woods forever. b) The speaker continues his journey despite the temptation to stay. c) The speaker goes back to the village. d) The speaker makes a new promise. Answer:  b) The speaker continues his journey despite the temptation to stay. Why does the speaker mention “miles to go before I sleep”? a) To indicate he is tired and needs rest. b) To show he has a long way to travel before he can rest. c) To reflect on his past journey. d) To refer to the snow falling. Answer:  b) To show he has a long way to travel before he can rest. Short Answer Questions 1. Where does the speaker stop in the poem? ১. কবিতায় বক্তা কোথায় থামেন? The speaker stops his journey in a very quiet and lonely forest while snow is falling. He is traveling through the countryside, far away from any town. He pauses there because the scene is so beautiful and peaceful, and it gives him a moment to think. The location is very isolated, with the forest on one side, a frozen lake on the other, and no houses anywhere in sight, making it a completely private moment. বক্তা তার যাত্রা থামিয়েছেন একটি খুব শান্ত এবং নির্জন বনে, যেখানে বরফ পড়ছে। তিনি গ্রামের মধ্য দিয়ে ভ্রমণ করছেন, যা শহর থেকে অনেক দূরে। তিনি সেখানে থামেন কারণ দৃশ্যটি খুব সুন্দর এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ, এবং এটি তাকে ভাবার জন্য একটি মুহূর্ত দিয়েছে। স্থানটি খুবই নির্জন, যার একপাশে বন, অন্যপাশে একটি জমে যাওয়া হ্রদ, এবং কাছাকাছি কোনো বাড়িঘর নেই, যা এটিকে একটি সম্পূর্ণ ব্যক্তিগত মুহূর্ত করে তুলেছে। 2. What does the speaker's horse think about stopping in the woods? ২. বনে থামা নিয়ে বক্তার ঘোড়া কী ভাবছে? The speaker imagines that his horse is very confused by the sudden stop. From the horse's point of view, it is strange to stop in such a dark and empty place where there is no farmhouse or shelter. A horse is used to stopping only for a practical reason, like getting food or resting for the night. This pause just to look at the snow makes no sense to the animal, who likely wants to keep moving toward warmth and safety. বক্তা কল্পনা করছেন যে তার ঘোড়াটি হঠাৎ থেমে যাওয়ায় খুব বিভ্রান্ত। ঘোড়ার দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে, এমন একটি অন্ধকার এবং খালি জায়গায় থামা খুবই অদ্ভুত, যেখানে কোনো খামারবাড়ি বা আশ্রয় নেই। একটি ঘোড়া শুধুমাত্র কোনো বাস্তব কারণে থামতে অভ্যস্ত, যেমন খাবার খাওয়া বা রাতে বিশ্রাম নেওয়া। শুধু বরফ দেখার জন্য এই বিরতি প্রাণীটির কাছে কোনো অর্থ বহন করে না, যে সম্ভবত উষ্ণতা এবং নিরাপত্তার দিকে এগিয়ে যেতে চায়। 3. What does the horse do to express confusion? ৩. ঘোড়াটি তার বিভ্রান্তি প্রকাশ করার জন্য কী করে? To show its confusion, the horse does something physical. It shakes its head, which causes the little bells on its harness to jingle. This is the only way the horse can "ask" its owner a question. The sound is like the horse is saying, "Why are we stopping here? Is something wrong?" This small, man-made noise briefly interrupts the deep silence of the woods and highlights the horse's impatience or uncertainty. তার বিভ্রান্তি দেখানোর জন্য, ঘোড়াটি শারীরিক কিছু করে। এটি তার মাথা ঝাঁকায়, যার ফলে তার লাগামের ছোট ঘণ্টাগুলো বেজে ওঠে। এটিই একমাত্র উপায় যার মাধ্যমে ঘোড়াটি তার মালিককে একটি "প্রশ্ন" করতে পারে। শব্দটি এমন যেন ঘোড়াটি বলছে, "আমরা এখানে কেন থামছি? কিছু কি ভুল হয়েছে?" এই ছোট, মনুষ্যসৃষ্ট শব্দটি বনের গভীর নীরবতাকে ক্ষণিকের জন্য ভেঙে দেয় এবং ঘোড়ার অধৈর্য বা অনিশ্চয়তাকে তুলে ধরে। 4. What sounds are heard by the speaker in the woods? ৪. বনে বক্তা কী কী শব্দ শুনতে পান? In the deep quiet of the woods, the speaker hears only the softest sounds of nature. He can hear the gentle whisper of a light wind moving through the trees and the almost silent sound of the soft, fluffy snowflakes landing on the ground. These sounds are very peaceful. The only other sound is the jingle of his horse's harness bells, which briefly breaks the natural silence and serves as a reminder of his journey. The absence of any loud or human noise really highlights how alone and still everything is. বনের গভীর тишине, বক্তা শুধুমাত্র প্রকৃতির সবচেয়ে নরম শব্দ শুনতে পান। তিনি গাছের মধ্যে দিয়ে বয়ে যাওয়া হালকা বাতাসের মৃদু ফিসফিসানি এবং মাটিতে পড়া নরম, তুলতুলে বরফকণার প্রায় নীরব শব্দ শুনতে পান। এই শব্দগুলো খুবই শান্তিপূর্ণ। একমাত্র অন্য শব্দটি হলো তার ঘোড়ার লাগামের ঘণ্টার ঝুনঝুনি, যা ক্ষণিকের জন্য প্রাকৃতিক নীরবতাকে ভেঙে দেয় এবং তার যাত্রার কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়। কোনো উচ্চ বা মানুষের শব্দের অনুপস্থিতি সত্যিই তুলে ধরে যে সবকিছু কতটা একাকী এবং স্থির। 5. What does the speaker think about the woods? ৫. বন সম্পর্কে বক্তা কী ভাবেন? The speaker has very strong feelings about the woods, describing them as "lovely, dark, and deep." "Lovely" means he finds them very beautiful and attractive. "Dark" suggests they are mysterious and unknown, which is both intriguing and a little intimidating. "Deep" tells us that the woods are vast and seem to go on forever, offering a chance to escape from the world completely. Together, these words show that the woods are tempting him with their promise of peace and solitude. বন সম্পর্কে বক্তার খুব দৃঢ় অনুভূতি রয়েছে, তিনি সেগুলোকে "lovely, dark, and deep" (মনোরম, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর) হিসাবে বর্ণনা করেছেন। "Lovely" মানে তিনি সেগুলোকে খুব সুন্দর এবং আকর্ষণীয় মনে করেন। "Dark" ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সেগুলো রহস্যময় এবং অজানা, যা একই সাথে কৌতূহলজনক এবং কিছুটা ভীতিজনক। "Deep" আমাদের বলে যে বনটি বিশাল এবং মনে হয় চিরকাল ধরে বিস্তৃত, যা বিশ্ব থেকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে পালিয়ে যাওয়ার সুযোগ দেয়। একসাথে, এই শব্দগুলো দেখায় যে বন তাকে শান্তি এবং একাকীত্বের প্রতিশ্রুতি দিয়ে প্রলুব্ধ করছে। 6. What is the speaker's main concern in the poem? ৬. কবিতায় বক্তার প্রধান উদ্বেগ কী? The speaker's main concern, and the central conflict in the poem, is the pull between his personal desire for rest and his duties to the world. On one hand, he is deeply attracted to the peace and beauty of the woods and wants to stay. On the other hand, he has "promises to keep"—which means he has responsibilities, jobs to do, and commitments to other people. He knows he cannot ignore these duties, so his biggest worry is balancing this moment of peace with the need to continue his journey. বক্তার প্রধান উদ্বেগ এবং কবিতার কেন্দ্রীয় দ্বন্দ্ব হলো, তার ব্যক্তিগত বিশ্রামের আকাঙ্ক্ষা এবং বিশ্বের প্রতি তার কর্তব্যের মধ্যে টানাপোড়েন। একদিকে, তিনি বনের শান্তি এবং সৌন্দর্যের প্রতি গভীরভাবে আকৃষ্ট এবং সেখানে থাকতে চান। অন্যদিকে, তার "প্রতিশ্রুতি রাখার আছে"—যার অর্থ হলো তার দায়িত্ব, করণীয় কাজ এবং অন্য মানুষের প্রতি অঙ্গীকার রয়েছে। তিনি জানেন যে তিনি এই দায়িত্বগুলোকে উপেক্ষা করতে পারবেন না, তাই তার সবচেয়ে বড় চিন্তা হলো এই শান্তিপূর্ণ মুহূর্তের সাথে তার যাত্রা চালিয়ে যাওয়ার প্রয়োজনীয়তার ভারসাম্য বজায় রাখা। 7. Why does the speaker say "And miles to go before I sleep"? ৭. বক্তা কেন বলেন "And miles to go before I sleep"? This famous line has two important meanings. The first meaning is very simple and literal: the speaker is on a real journey and still has to travel many more miles on his horse before he can reach his destination and go to sleep for the night. The second, deeper meaning is a metaphor for his entire life. In this sense, "miles to go" represents all the tasks and responsibilities he must complete in his lifetime, and "sleep" represents the final rest of death. এই বিখ্যাত লাইনটির দুটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অর্থ রয়েছে। প্রথম অর্থটি খুব সহজ এবং আক্ষরিক: বক্তা একটি বাস্তব যাত্রায় আছেন এবং রাতে তার গন্তব্যে পৌঁছে ঘুমানোর আগে তাকে তার ঘোড়ায় চড়ে আরও অনেক মাইল ভ্রমণ করতে হবে। দ্বিতীয়, গভীর অর্থটি তার পুরো জীবনের একটি রূপক। এই অর্থে, "miles to go" তার জীবদ্দশায় সম্পন্ন করতে হবে এমন সমস্ত কাজ এবং দায়িত্বের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে, এবং "sleep" মৃত্যুর চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রামের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। 8. What is the significance of the “darkest evening of the year”? ৮. “বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা” এর তাৎপর্য কী? The phrase "darkest evening of the year" literally means it is the winter solstice, the longest night of the year. This is significant because it creates a very specific atmosphere for the poem—it is a time of deep cold, stillness, and quiet. This extreme darkness also mirrors the speaker's mood. He may be feeling tired and in a moment of personal reflection. The darkness of the evening emphasizes his isolation and makes his pause in the peaceful woods feel even more profound and private. "বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যা" বাক্যাংশটির আক্ষরিক অর্থ হলো এটি শীতকালীন অয়নান্ত, বছরের দীর্ঘতম রাত। এটি তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ কারণ এটি কবিতার জন্য একটি খুব নির্দিষ্ট পরিবেশ তৈরি করে—এটি গভীর ঠান্ডা, স্থিরতা এবং নীরবতার সময়। এই চরম অন্ধকার বক্তার মেজাজকেও প্রতিফলিত করে। তিনি হয়তো ক্লান্ত বোধ করছেন এবং ব্যক্তিগত প্রতিফলনের একটি মুহূর্তে আছেন। সন্ধ্যার অন্ধকার তার একাকীত্বকে জোরদার করে এবং শান্তিপূর্ণ বনে তার বিরতিকে আরও গভীর এবং ব্যক্তিগত বলে মনে করায়। 9. Why does the speaker stop in the woods despite having promises to keep? ৯. প্রতিশ্রুতি থাকা সত্ত্বেও বক্তা কেন বনে থামেন? The speaker stops simply because the beauty of the moment is too powerful to ignore. Even though he is a responsible person with "promises to keep," he is also human. The sight of the quiet woods filling with snow is so peaceful and lovely that he feels compelled to pause and appreciate it. It is an unplanned, spontaneous stop. He isn't planning to abandon his duties; he just needs to take a short break to connect with this serene moment before forcing himself to move on. বক্তা থামেন কারণ মুহূর্তটির সৌন্দর্য উপেক্ষা করার মতো নয়। যদিও তিনি "প্রতিশ্রুতি রাখার" মতো একজন দায়িত্বশীল ব্যক্তি, তবুও তিনি একজন মানুষ। বরফে ঢাকা শান্ত বনের দৃশ্যটি এতটাই শান্তিপূর্ণ এবং মনোরম যে তিনি থামতে এবং এর প্রশংসা করতে বাধ্য হন। এটি একটি অপরিকল্পিত, স্বতঃস্ফূর্ত বিরতি। তিনি তার দায়িত্ব পরিত্যাগ করার পরিকল্পনা করছেন না; নিজেকে এগিয়ে যেতে বাধ্য করার আগে এই নির্মল মুহূর্তটির সাথে সংযোগ স্থাপন করার জন্য তার কেবল একটি ছোট বিরতি প্রয়োজন। 10. What does the repetition of "And miles to go before I sleep" signify? ১০. "And miles to go before I sleep" এর পুনরাবৃত্তি কী বোঝায়? Repeating the line "And miles to go before I sleep" makes the idea much stronger. It sounds like the speaker is sighing and reminding himself of the heavy weight of his responsibilities. The first time he says it, it's a statement of fact. The second time, it feels more emotional, emphasizing his tiredness and how long the journey of life feels. This repetition shows his final decision: although the woods are beautiful, his duties must come first, and he has to push away the temptation to rest. "And miles to go before I sleep" লাইনটির পুনরাবৃত্তি ধারণাটিকে আরও শক্তিশালী করে তোলে। এটি শুনে মনে হয় বক্তা দীর্ঘশ্বাস ফেলছেন এবং নিজেকে তার দায়িত্বের ভারী বোঝার কথা মনে করিয়ে দিচ্ছেন। প্রথমবার যখন তিনি এটি বলেন, এটি একটি বাস্তব বিবৃতি। দ্বিতীয়বার, এটি আরও আবেগপূর্ণ মনে হয়, যা তার ক্লান্তি এবং জীবনের যাত্রা কতটা দীর্ঘ মনে হচ্ছে তা জোর দিয়ে বলে। এই পুনরাবৃত্তি তার চূড়ান্ত সিদ্ধান্ত দেখায়: যদিও বনটি সুন্দর, তার কর্তব্য অবশ্যই প্রথমে আসবে, এবং তাকে বিশ্রামের প্রলোভন দূরে ঠেলে দিতে হবে। Theme of the Poem: The most important theme of the poem is the conflict between personal desire and responsibility. The speaker sees the quiet, beautiful woods and feels a strong desire to stop his journey, rest, and enjoy the peaceful moment. This represents the human wish for peace and escape from the world's pressures. However, he remembers that he has "promises to keep." This reminds him of his duties, his work, and his commitments to other people. These responsibilities pull him back to reality and force him to continue his journey. Ultimately, the poem is about the struggle we all face between the temptation to rest and the need to carry on with the duties of life. On a deeper level, it also represents the journey of life itself, suggesting that we must fulfill our obligations before we can take our final rest. কবিতার মূলভাব কবিতাটির সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয় হলো ব্যক্তিগত ইচ্ছা এবং দায়িত্বের মধ্যেকার দ্বন্দ্ব। বক্তা শান্ত, সুন্দর বন দেখেন এবং তার যাত্রা থামিয়ে বিশ্রাম নিতে ও সেই শান্তিপূর্ণ মুহূর্তটি উপভোগ করার তীব্র ইচ্ছা অনুভব করেন। এটি বিশ্বের চাপ থেকে মুক্তি এবং শান্তি পাওয়ার মানবিক আকাঙ্ক্ষাকে তুলে ধরে। কিন্তু, তার মনে পড়ে যে তাকে 'দেওয়া কথা রাখতে হবে'। এটি তাকে তার কর্তব্য, কাজ এবং অন্যান্য মানুষের প্রতি তার অঙ্গীকারের কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়। এই দায়িত্বগুলো তাকে বাস্তবে ফিরিয়ে আনে এবং তার যাত্রা চালিয়ে যেতে বাধ্য করে। পরিশেষে, কবিতাটি হলো বিশ্রামের প্রলোভন এবং জীবনের কর্তব্য চালিয়ে যাওয়ার প্রয়োজনের মধ্যেকার সংগ্রামের কথা, যা আমাদের সকলেরই মোকাবেলা করতে হয়। গভীর স্তরে, এটি জীবনযাত্রারও প্রতীক, যা বোঝায় যে আমাদের চূড়ান্ত বিশ্রাম নেওয়ার আগে অবশ্যই নিজেদের বাধ্যবাধকতা পূরণ করতে হবে। Detailed Summary: In Robert Frost's poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening , the speaker describes a moment when he stops his sleigh in the middle of a snow-covered woods on a dark winter evening. He notes that the woods belong to someone he knows, though the owner lives in a village far away and won’t be able to see him stopping to admire the beauty of the snowy scene. The peaceful solitude of the woods fills the speaker with quiet reflection. As the speaker observes the scene, he notices the stillness of the moment. He reflects that his little horse, who is pulling the sleigh, seems to think it’s unusual to stop in such a desolate place without a farmhouse nearby. They are between the woods and a frozen lake, on the darkest evening of the year. The horse shakes its harness bells as if questioning the stop. This sound, along with the wind blowing and the soft snowfall, is the only noise that interrupts the silence of the woods. Despite the alluring beauty of the woods, the speaker remembers that he has responsibilities to fulfill. The woods are "lovely, dark, and deep," but he cannot stay. He has "promises to keep" and still has a long journey ahead of him. The repetition of the line “And miles to go before I sleep” suggests that the speaker's journey is far from over, and he must continue despite the temptation to stay in the peaceful moment. The poem ends with the speaker acknowledging that his duties will pull him away from the comforting, serene woods. He must continue his journey, putting aside the peace of nature in favor of the promises and responsibilities that await him. Bangla Translation (Summary) রবার্ট ফ্রস্টের কবিতা Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening-এ বক্তা এমন একটি মুহূর্ত বর্ণনা করেছেন যখন তিনি একটি বরফে আচ্ছাদিত অরণ্যের মাঝখানে তার স্লে থামান একটি অন্ধকার শীতকালীন সন্ধ্যায়। তিনি উল্লেখ করেন যে অরণ্যটি এক ব্যক্তির, যিনি একটি দূরবর্তী গ্রামে বাস করেন এবং তাকে বরফে ঢাকা দৃশ্যটি উপভোগ করতে থামতে দেখে না। অরণ্যের শান্ত নির্জনতা বক্তাকে নিস্তব্ধ চিন্তা ও প্রতিফলন দ্বারা পূর্ণ করে। বক্তা দৃশ্যটি লক্ষ্য করার সময়, তিনি মুহূর্তটির নিরবতা লক্ষ্য করেন। তিনি ভাবেন যে তার ছোট ঘোড়াটি, যে স্লে টানা হচ্ছে, এমন একটি নির্জন স্থানে থামানোকে অস্বাভাবিক মনে করছে, যেখানে আশেপাশে কোনো খামারবাড়ি নেই। তারা অরণ্য এবং একটি জমে যাওয়া হ্রদের মাঝখানে, বছরের সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার সন্ধ্যায়। ঘোড়াটি তার সজ্জার ঘণ্টাগুলি ঝাঁকাচ্ছে যেন থামানোর উদ্দেশ্য প্রশ্ন করছে। এই শব্দটি, সাথে বাতাসের বয়ে যাওয়া এবং নরম তুষারপাত, অরণ্যের নিস্তব্ধতা বিঘ্নিত করার একমাত্র শব্দ। অরণ্যের মধুর সৌন্দর্য সত্ত্বেও, বক্তা মনে করেন যে তার কিছু দায়িত্ব রয়েছে যেগুলি তাকে পূর্ণ করতে হবে। অরণ্যটি "সুন্দর, অন্ধকার এবং গভীর," কিন্তু তিনি সেখানে থাকতে পারেন না। তার "পণ্যের প্রতি দায়িত্ব" রয়েছে এবং সামনে আরও দীর্ঘ যাত্রা বাকি আছে। "আরও মাইল যেতে হবে ঘুমানোর আগে" এই লাইনটির পুনরাবৃত্তি নির্দেশ করে যে বক্তার যাত্রা এখনও শেষ হয়নি, এবং তাকে শান্ত মুহূর্তের প্রলোভন সত্ত্বেও তার পথ চলতে হবে। কবিতাটি শেষ হয় যখন বক্তা উপলব্ধি করেন যে তার দায়িত্বগুলি তাকে অরণ্যের সেই শান্তিপূর্ণ পরিবেশ থেকে টেনে নিয়ে যাবে। তাকে তার যাত্রা চালিয়ে যেতে হবে, প্রকৃতির শান্তি ত্যাগ করে, এমন দায়িত্বগুলি পূর্ণ করতে হবে যা তার অপেক্ষায় রয়েছে। Ad Vocabulary: English Word English Meaning Bangla Meaning (বাংলা অর্থ) Woods A forest; a large area covered with trees. বন / জঙ্গল Village A small community or group of houses in a rural area. গ্রাম Though However; despite the fact that. যদিও / তবুও Stopping Pausing or halting a journey. থামা Queer Strange or unusual. অদ্ভুত / অস্বাভাবিক Farmhouse The main house on a farm. খামারবাড়ি Frozen Turned into ice because of extreme cold. বরফজমা / হিমায়িত Darkest Having the least amount of light. অন্ধকারতম / সবচেয়ে অন্ধকার Harness A set of straps used to control a horse. ঘোড়ার সাজ / লাগাম Bells Hollow metal cups that make a ringing sound. ঘণ্টা Shake A quick back-and-forth movement. ঝাঁকুনি / নাড়ানো Mistake An error or a wrong action. ভুল Sound Something that can be heard. শব্দ / আওয়াজ Sweep A smooth, continuous movement. প্রবাহ / বয়ে যাওয়া Easy (wind) Gentle or light. মৃদু / হালকা Downy Soft and fluffy, like fine feathers. নরম ও তুলতুলে Flake A small, thin piece of something (like snow). কণা / টুকরো (এখানে বরফকণা) Lovely Beautiful and attractive. মনোরম / সুন্দর Deep Extending far down or inwards; vast. গভীর Promises Commitments or assurances to do something. প্রতিশ্রুতি / অঙ্গীকার Keep To fulfill or honor (a promise). রাখা / পালন করা Miles A unit for measuring long distances. মাইল (দূরত্বের একক) Sleep To rest; can also mean the final rest of death. ঘুম / নিদ্রা (মৃত্যুও বোঝাতে পারে)

Theme VS Summary A literary theme corresponds to a meaning the author intends in the piece. It answers the question "What is the author trying to say in his or her writing?" A summary may correspond to the plot of a story, but may also include a summation of the other primary literary devices used by the author such as the theme, imagery, characterizations, conflict, motif, symbols, etc.   A theme is what the work under consideration tells you about life beyond the work itself. What does it say about living in the world? What can you take away from the work and feel as if you understand life in a better, deeper way as a result of reading what you read. A summary tells the reader the main action of the work without the reader having to read through the entire work in order to know more about it. A summary may be used to attract a potential reader’s attention to the work and is a tool for understanding what may be found inside of the work. There may be many themes to be found in works of literature. It is both common and limiting to assume that there is only a single theme to be explored. In part, the discovery of a theme as a unifying idea is dependent on the individual reader who makes that discovery. While the author may very well have had an intended theme (something that makes a statement about life), it does not guarantee that the reader will recognize it or appreciate it in quite the same way. This leads to the perceived theme of a work of literature. The perceived theme is what the reader recognizes when he/she considers the events of the story, the development of the characters, and his/her reaction to those things. A summary is a retelling of the main plot points and character developments without going into elaborate details about those things. The summary is what the story is about. The theme is how this story relates to life. Consider the story’s events and characters as evidence of the author’s thinking. How does the author use that evidence to relate the story to our common experience of the world around us? Then, react to that evidence by thinking about what impact it makes on your perception of the world around you. For instance, you might have just read All Quiet on the Western Front and the teacher asked you to identify the theme of the novel. The limited response might be that the theme is: War is Hell. However, there is also evidence to support that: The bonds between soldiers form lasting impressions that remain with them for life. There is also a theme of: Soldiers will fight for their comrades even when they have lost faith in what they were told they are supposed to be fighting for. 📘 Theme vs. Summary in Literature Understanding the difference between theme  and summary  is very important for literature students. Both deal with a poem or story, but they focus on different aspects. 1. Definition Theme The theme is the central idea, underlying message, or main lesson  that the writer wants to convey. It is usually a universal truth or human experience  expressed through the story or poem. It does not mention specific characters or events but deals with the deeper meaning. Summary A summary is a brief retelling  of the main points or events in the text. It captures what happens  in the poem or story without personal interpretation. It includes important details like characters, events, conflict, and conclusion . 2. Focus Theme : Focuses on ideas, morals, and values . Summary : Focuses on plot, events, and actions . 3. Expression Theme : Usually expressed in one sentence  or a short phrase. Example: “True friendship always overcomes challenges.” Summary : Usually expressed in a short paragraph  that retells the text. Example: “The story shows how two friends faced many challenges but stayed loyal to each other until the end.” 4. Purpose Theme : Helps readers understand the hidden meaning  and the author’s purpose in writing the text. Summary : Helps readers remember the main points  without reading the entire text again. 5. Example (Story: The Tortoise and the Hare ) Theme : Overconfidence leads to failure; slow and steady effort brings success. Summary : A hare challenges a tortoise to a race. The hare runs very fast but becomes overconfident and takes a nap. The tortoise continues slowly and steadily, finally winning the race. 6. Key Differences in a Table Aspect Theme Summary Meaning Central idea or message Short retelling of main events Focus Ideas, morals, universal truths Events, characters, actions Length Usually 1 sentence A short paragraph Expression Abstract, general, and interpretative Concrete, factual, and descriptive Purpose To understand the deeper meaning To recall the main events Example “Slow and steady wins the race.” “The tortoise beats the hare in a race.” ✅ Final Tip for Students : When asked for a theme  → Write the lesson or message . When asked for a summary  → Write the main events  in your own words. Example: The Ant and the Grasshopper  (Aesop’s Fable) Story (short version): In summer, a grasshopper spent all his time singing and playing while an ant worked hard to store food. When winter came, the grasshopper had nothing to eat and begged the ant for help. The ant refused, reminding him that he should have worked during the summer. Theme Hard work and preparation lead to success, while laziness brings suffering. OR: One must plan for the future instead of living only in the present. Summary The story tells of an ant who works hard during summer to collect food, while a grasshopper wastes his time singing. When winter arrives, the grasshopper has no food and asks the ant for help. The ant refuses, and the grasshopper suffers because of his laziness. ✅ Notice the difference: Theme  = the big idea or lesson → Hard work and preparation are necessary for survival. Summary  = retelling what happened in the story → Ant worked, grasshopper played, winter came, grasshopper suffered. 📖 Example: The Road Not Taken  by Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. Theme Life is about making choices, and each decision shapes our future. Sometimes taking a different or less common path can lead to unique outcomes. Summary In the poem, the speaker comes across two roads in a forest. He must choose one, and after some thought, he takes the one that seems less traveled. Later in life, he reflects that this choice has greatly influenced the direction of his life. ✅ So: Theme  → universal lesson: choices define life . Summary  → short retelling: traveler chooses one road and reflects on it later.

Time, You Old Gypsy Man Ralph Hodgson Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day? All things I'll give you Will you be my guest, Bells for your jennet Of silver the best, Goldsmiths shall beat you A great golden ring, Peacocks shall bow to you, Little boys sing. Oh, and sweet girls will Festoon you with may, Time, you old gypsy, Why hasten away? Last week in Babylon, Last night in Rome, Morning, and in the crush Under Paul's dome; Under Pauls' dial You tighten your rein - Only a moment, And off once again; Off to some city Now blind in the womb, Off to another Ere that's in the tomb. Time, you old gypsy man, Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day? Bangla Translation Time, You Old Gypsy Man (সময়, তুমি বুড়ো যাযাবর) Will you not stay, তুমি কি একদিনও থাকতে চাও না, Put up your caravan তোমার রথটি একদিনের জন্য দাঁড় করাও, Just for one day? শুধু একদিনের জন্য? All things I'll give you আমি তোমাকে সব কিছু দেব, Will you be my guest, তুমি কি আমার অতিথি হতে চাও, Bells for your jennet তোমার গাধার জন্য ঘণ্টা, Of silver the best, সিলভার, সেরা, Goldsmiths shall beat you সোনা প্রস্তুতকারীরা তোমার জন্য তৈরি করবে A great golden ring, একটি মহান সোনালী আংটি, Peacocks shall bow to you, ময়ুররা তোমার সম্মান জানাবে, Little boys sing. ছোট ছেলেরা গাইবে। Oh, and sweet girls will ওহ, এবং মিষ্টি মেয়েরা Festoon you with may, তোমাকে মধুর ফুল দিয়ে সাজাবে, Time, you old gypsy, সময়, তুমি বুড়ো যাযাবর, Why hasten away? কেন এত তাড়াহুড়ো করছ? Last week in Babylon, গত সপ্তাহে বাবেলনে, Last night in Rome, গত রাতে রোমে, Morning, and in the crush সকালে, এবং ভিড়ের মধ্যে Under Paul's dome; পলের গম্বুজের নিচে; Under Paul's dial পলের ঘণ্টাধ্বনি নিচে You tighten your rein - তুমি তোমার দড়ি টাইট করো - Only a moment, শুধু একটি মুহূর্ত, And off once again; এবং আবার চলেযাও। Off to some city কোনো একটি শহরে চলে যাও Now blind in the womb, যেখানে এখন গর্ভে অন্ধ, Off to another আরেকটি শহরে চলে যাও, Ere that's in the tomb. এর আগে যে শহরটি সমাধিতে চলে যাবে। Time, you old gypsy man, সময়, তুমি বুড়ো যাযাবর, Will you not stay, তুমি কি একদিনও থাকতে চাও না, Put up your caravan তোমার রথটি একদিনের জন্য দাঁড় করাও, Just for one day? শুধু একদিনের জন্য? Paraphrasing Verse 1 Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day? English Explanation:  The poem begins with a desperate plea. The speaker is addressing a traveler, begging them to halt their journey ("put up your caravan") and remain for a short while—just a single day. The word caravan  immediately identifies the addressee as a constant wanderer, a nomad. This opening sets the central theme of wanting to stop something that is always in motion. বাংলা অনুবাদ: তুমি কি থাকবে না, তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি (সফরের গাড়ি) থামাও শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য? বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): কবিতাটি একটি আকুতি দিয়ে শুরু হচ্ছে। কবি এখানে একজন ভ্রমণকারীকে অনুরোধ করছেন তার যাত্রা থামিয়ে অন্তত একটি দিনের জন্য থেকে যেতে। ' ক্যারাভ্যান ' শব্দটি দিয়ে বোঝানো হয়েছে যে এই সত্তাটি একজন যাযাবর, যে নিরন্তর ভ্রমণ করে চলেছে, কোথাও স্থায়ী হয় না। এই আকুতি ভরা প্রশ্নটি কবিতার মূল সুর নির্ধারণ করে। Verse 2 All things I'll give you Will you be my guest, English Explanation:  The speaker starts to bargain, offering everything they possess ("All things I'll give you") to persuade the traveler to stay. The invitation to be a guest  is a gesture of warm hospitality, but it also reveals the speaker's desperation. They are willing to pay any price for just a little of the traveler's time. বাংলা অনুবাদ: আমি তোমাকে সবকিছু দেব তুমি কি আমার অতিথি হবে, বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): কবি সেই ভ্রমণকারীকে প্রলুব্ধ করার জন্য সর্বস্ব দেওয়ার প্রস্তাব দিচ্ছেন। তিনি তাকে অতিথি  হিসেবে বরণ করে নিতে চান। এই প্রস্তাবের মাধ্যমে বোঝা যায় যে, কবি কতটা মরিয়া হয়ে চাইছেন সেই ভ্রমণকারী যেন থেমে যায় এবং তার জন্য যেকোনো মূল্য দিতে তিনি প্রস্তুত। Verse 3 & 4 Bells for your jennet Of silver the best, Goldsmiths shall beat you A great golden ring, English Explanation:  The offers now become specific, lavish, and material. A jennet  is a female donkey, likely the animal pulling the caravan. The speaker promises beautiful bells made of the finest silver for it. Furthermore, they promise a large, custom-made golden ring . These gifts of precious metals are meant to be irresistible temptations, highlighting the high value the speaker places on a single day's pause. বাংলা অনুবাদ: তোমার মাদী গাধাটির জন্য ঘণ্টা সেরা রুপোর তৈরি, স্বর্ণকাররা তোমার জন্য বানিয়ে দেবে একটি বড় সোনার আংটি, বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): এখানে কবি নির্দিষ্ট এবং মূল্যবান উপহারের কথা বলছেন। ' Jennet ' (জেনেট) মানে মাদী গাধা, যা ভ্রমণকারীর বাহন। কবি তার বাহনের জন্য সেরা রুপোর ঘণ্টা এবং স্বর্ণকারদের দিয়ে বানানো একটি বিশাল সোনার আংটি  উপহার দেওয়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দিচ্ছেন। এই সমস্ত পার্থিব লোভনীয় প্রস্তাবের মাধ্যমে কবি তার আকুতির গভীরতা প্রকাশ করছেন। Verse 5 & 6 Peacocks shall bow to you, Little boys sing. Oh, and sweet girls will Festoon you with may, English Explanation:  The speaker moves beyond material wealth to promise experiences of honor, joy, and beauty. Peacocks bowing  symbolizes respect and reverence. Singing boys and girls  decorating the traveler with "may" (hawthorn blossoms, a symbol of celebration and spring) create a festive, idyllic scene. The speaker is essentially offering a perfect, joyful world in exchange for a day. বাংলা অনুবাদ: ময়ূর তোমাকে সম্মান জানাবে, ছোট ছেলেরা গান গাইবে। ওহ, আর মিষ্টি মেয়েরা তোমাকে 'মে' ফুলে সাজিয়ে দেবে, বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): এবার উপহারের তালিকা বস্তুগত জগৎ ছাড়িয়ে সম্মান, আনন্দ ও সৌন্দর্যের দিকে যাচ্ছে। ময়ূরের সম্মান  জানানো, ছোটদের গান  এবং মেয়েদের 'মে' ফুল (বসন্তের প্রতীক) দিয়ে সাজিয়ে দেওয়া—এই সবই একটি উৎসবমুখর ও আনন্দময় পরিবেশের প্রতিশ্রুতি। কবি যেন এক স্বপ্নের জগৎ উপহার দিতে চাইছেন। Verse 7 Time, you old gypsy, Why hasten away? English Explanation:  This is the crucial turning point. The traveler is finally identified: it is Time  itself, personified as an "old gypsy." A gypsy is a wanderer who never settles, making it a perfect metaphor for Time's relentless and constant forward movement. The question, "Why hasten away?" is the central, poignant cry of the poem, expressing a universal human desire for Time to slow down. বাংলা অনুবাদ: সময়, তুমি বুড়ো জিপসি, কেন এত তাড়া করে চলে যাও? বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): এই পঙক্তিতে কবিতার মূল রহস্য উন্মোচিত হয়। কবি আসলে সময় -এর সাথে কথা বলছেন, যাকে তিনি একজন বৃদ্ধ জিপসির সাথে তুলনা করেছেন। জিপসিরা যাযাবর, তারা কোথাও স্থায়ী হয় না—ঠিক সময়ের মতোই, যা অবিরাম বয়ে চলে। "কেন এত তাড়া করে চলে যাও?" এই প্রশ্নটি মানুষের সেই চিরন্তন আকাঙ্ক্ষার প্রকাশ, যা সময়কে ক্ষণিকের জন্য হলেও ধরে রাখতে চায়। Verse 8 - 11 Last week in Babylon, Last night in Rome, Morning, and in the crush Under Paul's dome; Under Pauls' dial You tighten your rein - Only a moment, And off once again; English Explanation:  The speaker describes Time's epic, unstoppable journey. Time has witnessed the rise and fall of great ancient civilizations ( Babylon, Rome ) and is present in the bustling modern world (the crowds under St. Paul's dome  in London). Even under a clock ("Paul's dial")—a human attempt to measure it—Time is the master, tightening its reins to move on after pausing for "only a moment." বাংলা অনুবাদ: গত সপ্তাহে ছিলে ব্যাবিলনে, গত রাতে ছিলে রোমে, সকালে, এবং ভিড়ের মধ্যে সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজের নিচে; সেন্ট পলের ঘড়ির নিচে তুমি তোমার লাগাম টেনে ধরো - শুধু এক মুহূর্তের জন্য, এবং আবার যাত্রা শুরু; বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): কবি এখানে সময়ের বিশাল এবং অপ্রতিরোধ্য যাত্রার বর্ণনা দিচ্ছেন। সময় প্রাচীন সভ্যতা ( ব্যাবিলন, রোম ) থেকে শুরু করে আধুনিক জগতের ব্যস্ততাতেও ( সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজের  নিচের ভিড়) উপস্থিত। এমনকি ঘড়ির নিচেও, যা দিয়ে মানুষ সময়কে মাপার চেষ্টা করে, সময় তার নিজের নিয়ন্ত্রণে। সে কেবল এক মুহূর্তের জন্য থেমে আবার তীব্র গতিতে ছুটে চলে। Verse 12 & 13 Off to some city Now blind in the womb, Off to another Ere that's in the tomb. English Explanation:  Time's journey is not just through the past and present, but also into the future. It moves toward cities that haven't even been born yet ("blind in the womb"). And before that newly created city can live its life and die ("in the tomb"), Time is already on its way to create the next one. This illustrates the relentless, overlapping cycle of creation and destruction that Time governs. বাংলা অনুবাদ: চলে যাও কোনো শহরের দিকে যা এখন গর্ভে অন্ধ, চলে যাও আরেকটির দিকে আগেরটি কবরে যাওয়ার আগেই। বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): সময়ের যাত্রা ভবিষ্যতের দিকেও ধাবমান। সে এমন এক শহরের দিকে এগিয়ে চলেছে যার এখনও জন্মই হয়নি ("গর্ভে অন্ধ")। আর সেই নবজাত শহরটি ধ্বংস হয়ে "কবরে যাওয়ার" আগেই, সময় আরেকটি নতুন সৃষ্টির দিকে চলে যায়। এটি সময়ের হাতে চলতে থাকা জন্ম-মৃত্যুর নিরবচ্ছিন্ন চক্রকে তুলে ধরে। Verse 14 Time, you old gypsy man, Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day? English Explanation:  The poem ends by repeating the initial plea. After vividly describing Time's immense power and unstoppable nature, the request feels even more hopeless and poignant. It is the final, desperate cry of humanity against the inevitable passage of time, a wish to hold onto the present moment, knowing fully well that it is impossible. The addition of "man" makes the personification more direct and personal. বাংলা অনুবাদ: সময়, তুমি বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ, তুমি কি থাকবে না, তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামাও শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য? বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা (ভাবার্থ): কবিতাটি তার শুরুর আকুতিটি পুনরাবৃত্তি করে শেষ হয়। সময়ের বিশাল, অপ্রতিরোধ্য যাত্রার বর্ণনা দেওয়ার পর, এই অনুরোধ আরও বেশি করুণ এবং নিষ্ফল শোনায়। এটি আসলে অনিবার্য বাস্তবতার বিরুদ্ধে মানুষের শেষ আর্তনাদ—অসম্ভব জেনেও বর্তমান মুহূর্তটিকে শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য ধরে রাখার আকুতি। "মানুষ" শব্দটি যোগ করে কবি সময়কে আরও জীবন্ত ও ব্যক্তিগত সত্তা হিসেবে প্রতিষ্ঠা করেছেন। Short Answer Questions Here are the rewritten questions and answers from the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man." 1. How does the speaker talk to Time in the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," and what does the speaker ask Time to do? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker talks to Time as if it were a person. The speaker calls Time an "old gypsy man." This shows that the speaker is talking to Time in a friendly and direct way. The speaker asks Time to please stop its journey and stay for just one day. The speaker says, "Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day?" This means the speaker wants Time to stop traveling and be a guest for a little while. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা সময়ের সাথে এমনভাবে কথা বলেন যেন সময় একজন ব্যক্তি। বক্তা সময়কে একজন "বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ" বলে সম্বোধন করেন। এটি দেখায় যে বক্তা সময়ের সাথে বন্ধুত্বপূর্ণ এবং সরাসরি কথা বলছেন। বক্তা সময়কে তার যাত্রা থামিয়ে মাত্র একদিনের জন্য থেকে যেতে অনুরোধ করেন। বক্তা বলেন, "তুমি কি থাকবে না, তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামাও, শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য?" এর মানে হলো বক্তা চান সময় যেন তার ভ্রমণ থামিয়ে কিছুক্ষণের জন্য অতিথি হয়।) 2. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does the speaker offer to Time if it agrees to stay? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker offers Time many wonderful gifts to make it stay. The speaker promises beautiful things like bells made of the best silver for Time's jennet (a female donkey). The speaker also offers a big, golden ring that will be made by special workers called goldsmiths. To show respect, the speaker says that peacocks will bow to Time and little boys will sing songs for it. The speaker is offering luxury, fun, and great honor, all just for Time to stay for one day. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা সময়কে থাকার জন্য রাজি করাতে অনেক চমৎকার উপহারের প্রস্তাব দেন। বক্তা সময়ের জেনেট (মাদী গাধা)-এর জন্য সেরা রুপো দিয়ে তৈরি ঘণ্টার মতো সুন্দর জিনিসের প্রতিশ্রুতি দেন। বক্তা আরও একটি বড় সোনার আংটির প্রস্তাব দেন যা স্বর্ণকার নামক বিশেষ কারিগর দ্বারা তৈরি হবে। সম্মান দেখানোর জন্য, বক্তা বলেন যে ময়ূর সময়কে প্রণাম করবে এবং ছোট ছেলেরা তার জন্য গান গাইবে। বক্তা বিলাসিতা, আনন্দ এবং মহান সম্মান, সবকিছুই শুধু একদিন সময়কে থামানোর জন্য দিতে চান।) 3. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the importance of the caravan, and what does the speaker promise for Time's animal? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the caravan is very important because it shows that Time is like a traveler who is always moving and never stops in one place. A caravan is a home on wheels for travelers. When the speaker asks Time to "put up your caravan," it means the speaker is asking Time to stop traveling and rest for a day. For Time's animal, which is a jennet (a female donkey), the speaker promises to give it beautiful bells made of the "silver the best." This is a kind and respectful gift to make Time feel welcome. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ ক্যারাভ্যানটি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কারণ এটি দেখায় যে সময় একজন ভ্রমণকারীর মতো যে সবসময় চলছে এবং কখনও এক জায়গায় থামে না। ক্যারাভ্যান হলো ভ্রমণকারীদের জন্য চাকার উপর একটি বাড়ি। যখন বক্তা সময়কে তার "ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামাতে" বলেন, এর মানে হলো বক্তা সময়কে ভ্রমণ থামিয়ে একদিন বিশ্রাম নিতে বলছেন। সময়ের প্রাণী, যেটি একটি জেনেট (মাদী গাধা), তার জন্য বক্তা "সেরা রুপো" দিয়ে তৈরি সুন্দর ঘণ্টা দেওয়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দেন। সময়কে স্বাগত জানানোর জন্য এটি একটি দয়ালু এবং সম্মানজনক উপহার।) 4. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," how does the speaker want to show honor to Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker wants to honor Time in very special and grand ways if it stays. For example, the speaker says that beautiful peacocks will bow down to Time. This is a sign of great respect. The speaker also says that "little boys sing" for Time, which would create a happy and celebratory mood. These actions show that the speaker sees Time as a very important king or guest and wants to give it the highest honor possible. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা সময়কে খুব বিশেষ এবং জমকালো উপায়ে সম্মান জানাতে চান যদি সে থেকে যায়। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, বক্তা বলেন যে সুন্দর ময়ূর সময়ের সামনে মাথা নত করবে। এটি একটি বড় সম্মানের চিহ্ন। বক্তা আরও বলেন যে "ছোট ছেলেরা গান গাইবে" সময়ের জন্য, যা একটি সুখী এবং উৎসবমুখর পরিবেশ তৈরি করবে। এই কাজগুলো দেখায় যে বক্তা সময়কে একজন খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ রাজা বা অতিথি হিসেবে দেখেন এবং তাকে সর্বোচ্চ সম্মান দিতে চান।) 5. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does the phrase “festoon you with may” mean? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the phrase "festoon you with may" means to decorate Time with beautiful flowers. "Festoon" means to decorate with chains of flowers or leaves, and "may" refers to the blossoms of the hawthorn tree, which bloom in the spring. So, the speaker is promising that sweet girls will hang pretty flower garlands on Time. This is a way to celebrate Time and show how happy the speaker would be if it stayed, using the beauty of nature. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "festoon you with may" বাক্যাংশের অর্থ হলো সময়কে সুন্দর ফুল দিয়ে সাজানো। "Festoon" শব্দের অর্থ হলো ফুল বা পাতার মালা দিয়ে সাজানো, এবং "may" বলতে হেঁয়ালি গাছের ফুলকে বোঝায়, যা বসন্তে ফোটে। তাই, বক্তা প্রতিশ্রুতি দিচ্ছেন যে মিষ্টি মেয়েরা সময়ের গলায় সুন্দর ফুলের মালা পরিয়ে দেবে। এটি সময়কে উদযাপন করার একটি উপায় এবং প্রকৃতির সৌন্দর্য ব্যবহার করে বক্তা কতটা খুশি হবেন তা দেখানোর একটি ভঙ্গি।) 6. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," why does the speaker call Time a "gypsy"? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker calls Time a "gypsy" because gypsies were known as travelers who moved from one place to another and never stayed anywhere for a long time. This is a perfect way to describe Time. Time is always moving forward and never stops. You cannot hold onto it or make it stay. By calling Time a "gypsy," the speaker is painting a picture of something that is always wandering and cannot be controlled. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা সময়কে "জিপসি" বলেন কারণ জিপসিরা ভ্রমণকারী হিসেবে পরিচিত ছিল, যারা এক জায়গা থেকে অন্য জায়গায় যেত এবং কোথাও বেশি দিন থাকত না। এটি সময়কে বর্ণনা করার একটি সঠিক উপায়। সময় সবসময় এগিয়ে চলে এবং কখনও থামে না। আপনি একে ধরে রাখতে বা থামাতে পারবেন না। সময়কে "জিপসি" বলে, বক্তা এমন কিছুর ছবি আঁকছেন যা সর্বদা ঘুরে বেড়ায় এবং নিয়ন্ত্রণ করা যায় না।) 7. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what places does the poem say Time has visited on its journey? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker mentions several places that Time has visited. Time was in "Babylon" last week and in "Rome" last night. These were great cities a very long time ago. Then, this morning, Time is in a busy crowd "under Paul's dome," which means St. Paul's Cathedral in London, a more modern place. These places show that Time travels through all of history, from ancient times to today. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা বেশ কয়েকটি স্থানের কথা উল্লেখ করেন যেখানে সময় ভ্রমণ করেছে। সময় গত সপ্তাহে "ব্যাবিলনে" এবং গত রাতে "রোমে" ছিল। এগুলি অনেক দিন আগের মহান শহর ছিল। তারপর, আজ সকালে, সময় "সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজের নিচে" একটি ব্যস্ত ভিড়ের মধ্যে রয়েছে, যা লন্ডনের সেন্ট পল'স ক্যাথেড্রালকে বোঝায়, একটি আরও আধুনিক জায়গা। এই স্থানগুলি দেখায় যে সময় প্রাচীন কাল থেকে আজ পর্যন্ত সমস্ত ইতিহাসের মধ্য দিয়ে ভ্রমণ করে।) 8. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the meaning of mentioning Babylon and Rome? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," mentioning "Babylon" and "Rome" is very meaningful. These were two of the most powerful and famous cities in the ancient world. But today, they are ruins. By saying Time was just there, the speaker shows us that Time has seen even the greatest empires rise and fall. It reminds us that nothing lasts forever and that Time keeps moving on, leaving even the biggest and strongest things behind in the past. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "ব্যাবিলন" এবং "রোম"-এর উল্লেখ খুবই অর্থপূর্ণ। এগুলি প্রাচীন বিশ্বের সবচেয়ে শক্তিশালী এবং বিখ্যাত দুটি শহর ছিল। কিন্তু আজ, সেগুলি ধ্বংসস্তূপ। সময় সেখানে ছিল বলে, বক্তা আমাদের দেখান যে সময় এমনকি সর্বশ্রেষ্ঠ সাম্রাজ্যের উত্থান এবং পতন দেখেছে। এটি আমাদের মনে করিয়ে দেয় যে কোনো কিছুই চিরস্থায়ী নয় এবং সময় এগিয়ে চলে, এমনকি সবচেয়ে বড় এবং শক্তিশালী জিনিসগুলোকেও অতীতে ফেলে যায়।) 9. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what happens under "Paul's dial"? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," "Paul's dial" refers to the big clock on St. Paul's Cathedral in London. A clock's dial is its face, which we use to measure time. The poem says that even right under the clock, Time "tightens its rein" and gets ready to leave again. This is an interesting picture. It shows that even a clock, which is a tool made to control or understand time, has no power over Time itself. Time is still the boss and continues its journey without stopping. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "Paul's dial" লন্ডনের সেন্ট পল'স ক্যাথেড্রালের বড় ঘড়িটিকে বোঝায়। ঘড়ির ডায়াল হলো তার মুখ, যা আমরা সময় মাপার জন্য ব্যবহার করি। কবিতাটি বলে যে এমনকি ঘড়ির ঠিক নিচেই, সময় তার "লাগাম শক্ত করে" এবং আবার চলে যাওয়ার জন্য প্রস্তুত হয়। এটি একটি আকর্ষণীয় চিত্র। এটি দেখায় যে এমনকি একটি ঘড়ি, যা সময়কে নিয়ন্ত্রণ বা বোঝার জন্য তৈরি একটি সরঞ্জাম, তারও সময়ের উপর কোনো ক্ষমতা নেই। সময়ই আসল কর্তা এবং সে তার যাত্রা না থেমে চালিয়ে যায়।) 10. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does the speaker mean by "tighten your rein"? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the phrase "tighten your rein" uses the image of someone riding a horse. When a rider tightens the reins, they are getting ready to move faster or have more control. In the poem, it means that Time is in full control of its own journey. It is not slowing down or relaxing. Instead, Time is preparing to rush off again. This shows that Time cannot be stopped or even slowed down; it is always focused on moving forward. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "tighten your rein" বাক্যাংশটি ঘোড়ায় চড়া কোনো ব্যক্তির ছবি ব্যবহার করে। যখন একজন আরোহী লাগাম শক্ত করে, তখন সে দ্রুত চলার জন্য বা আরও নিয়ন্ত্রণ পাওয়ার জন্য প্রস্তুত হয়। কবিতায়, এর অর্থ হলো সময় তার নিজের যাত্রার সম্পূর্ণ নিয়ন্ত্রণে রয়েছে। এটি ধীর হচ্ছে না বা বিশ্রাম নিচ্ছে না। বরং, সময় আবার দ্রুত চলে যাওয়ার জন্য প্রস্তুতি নিচ্ছে। এটি দেখায় যে সময়কে থামানো বা এমনকি ধীর করাও যায় না; এটি সর্বদা এগিয়ে যাওয়ার দিকে মনোযোগী।) 11. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what do the "cities blind in the womb" represent? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the phrase "cities blind in the womb" is a picture that helps us think about the future. A baby in the womb is not yet born and is "blind" because it has not seen the world. In the same way, these cities are places that do not exist yet. They are the cities of the future that are still waiting to be built. It shows that Time's journey is not just through the past and present, but it is also always moving toward a future that we cannot yet see. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "cities blind in the womb" বাক্যাংশটি একটি চিত্র যা আমাদের ভবিষ্যৎ সম্পর্কে ভাবতে সাহায্য করে। গর্ভের একটি শিশু এখনও জন্মায়নি এবং "অন্ধ" কারণ সে পৃথিবী দেখেনি। একইভাবে, এই শহরগুলি এমন জায়গা যা এখনও বিদ্যমান নেই। সেগুলি ভবিষ্যতের শহর যা এখনও নির্মিত হওয়ার অপেক্ষায় রয়েছে। এটি দেখায় যে সময়ের যাত্রা কেবল অতীত এবং বর্তমানের মধ্য দিয়ে নয়, এটি সর্বদা এমন একটি ভবিষ্যতের দিকে এগিয়ে চলেছে যা আমরা এখনও দেখতে পাচ্ছি না।) 12. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does "off to another ere that's in the tomb" mean? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the line "off to another ere that's in the tomb" describes how fast Time moves. "Ere" is an old word for "before," and "tomb" means a grave. So, the line means Time rushes off to the next new thing even before the last thing is finished or has "died." It shows a continuous cycle of birth and death. Time doesn't wait for one city or generation to completely end before it starts the next one. This makes Time's journey seem very relentless and non-stop. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ "off to another ere that's in the tomb" লাইনটি বর্ণনা করে যে সময় কত দ্রুত চলে। "Ere" হলো "আগে"-এর একটি পুরানো শব্দ, এবং "tomb" মানে কবর। সুতরাং, লাইনটির অর্থ হলো সময় পরবর্তী নতুন জিনিসের দিকে ছুটে যায়, এমনকি আগের জিনিসটি শেষ বা "মারা যাওয়ার" আগেই। এটি জন্ম এবং মৃত্যুর একটি অবিচ্ছিন্ন চক্র দেখায়। সময় একটি শহর বা প্রজন্মের সম্পূর্ণরূপে শেষ হওয়ার জন্য অপেক্ষা করে না, তার আগেই সে পরেরটি শুরু করে দেয়। এটি সময়ের যাত্রাকে খুব নির্মম এবং অবিরাম বলে মনে করায়।) 13. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," why does the speaker say Time is "hastening away"? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker says Time is "hastening away" to show how quickly it passes. "Hastening" means hurrying or moving very fast. We often feel that time flies by, especially when we are having fun or wish a good moment could last longer. The speaker feels this way and uses this phrase to show the deep wish to slow Time down. It highlights how Time is always rushing forward and cannot be caught. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা বলেন যে সময় "তাড়াতাড়ি চলে যাচ্ছে" ("hastening away") এটি দেখানোর জন্য যে সময় কত দ্রুত কেটে যায়। "Hastening"-এর অর্থ হলো তাড়াহুড়ো করা বা খুব দ্রুত চলা। আমরা প্রায়শই অনুভব করি যে সময় উড়ে যায়, বিশেষ করে যখন আমরা আনন্দ করি বা চাই যে একটি ভালো মুহূর্ত আরও দীর্ঘস্থায়ী হোক। বক্তা এমনই অনুভব করেন এবং এই বাক্যাংশটি ব্যবহার করে সময়কে ধীর করার গভীর ইচ্ছা প্রকাশ করেন। এটি তুলে ধরে যে সময় কীভাবে সর্বদা দ্রুত এগিয়ে চলেছে এবং তাকে ধরা যায় না।) 14. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the speaker's tone, or feeling, when talking to Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker's tone is pleading and a little bit sad. "Pleading" means begging for something you really want. The speaker really wants Time to stay. There is also a friendly and familiar feeling in the speaker's voice, especially when calling Time an "old gypsy man," as if they are old friends. So, the tone is a mix of begging, sadness, and friendliness, showing how much humans want to hold onto the precious moments of life. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তার সুর অনুনয়মূলক এবং কিছুটা দুঃখের। "Pleading" মানে হলো এমন কিছুর জন্য অনুরোধ করা যা আপনি সত্যিই চান। বক্তা সত্যিই চান যে সময় থেকে যাক। বক্তার কণ্ঠে একটি বন্ধুত্বপূর্ণ এবং পরিচিত অনুভূতিও রয়েছে, বিশেষ করে যখন সময়কে "বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ" বলে ডাকা হয়, যেন তারা পুরানো বন্ধু। সুতরাং, সুরটি অনুনয়, দুঃখ এবং বন্ধুত্বের মিশ্রণ, যা দেখায় যে মানুষ জীবনের মূল্যবান মুহূর্তগুলিকে কতটা ধরে রাখতে চায়।) 15. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the one big wish the speaker has for Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker's one big wish is for Time to stop its endless journey and stay for just one day. The speaker wants Time to "put up its caravan" and rest for a little while. This wish shows a deep human desire to pause life, enjoy the present moment, and stop the constant rush toward the future. Even though the speaker knows it's impossible, the wish is still very strong. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তার একটিই বড় ইচ্ছা হলো সময় যেন তার অন্তহীন যাত্রা থামিয়ে মাত্র একদিনের জন্য থেকে যায়। বক্তা চান সময় যেন তার "ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামায়" এবং কিছুক্ষণের জন্য বিশ্রাম নেয়। এই ইচ্ছাটি জীবনকে থামিয়ে দেওয়ার, বর্তমান মুহূর্ত উপভোগ করার এবং ভবিষ্যতের দিকে অবিরাম ছুটে চলা বন্ধ করার একটি গভীর মানবিক আকাঙ্ক্ষা দেখায়। যদিও বক্তা জানেন যে এটি অসম্ভব, তবুও ইচ্ছাটি খুব শক্তিশালী।) 16. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," how does the poem describe Time's journey? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," Time's journey is described as a non-stop trip that goes on forever. Time is pictured as a gypsy who travels in a caravan and never stays in one place. Its journey goes through all of history, from ancient places like Babylon and Rome to modern places like London. The journey also moves from the past and present into the future, toward cities that haven't even been built yet. The journey is shown to be powerful, endless, and completely unstoppable. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ সময়ের যাত্রাকে একটি অবিরাম ভ্রমণ হিসাবে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে যা চিরকাল চলতে থাকে। সময়কে একজন জিপসি হিসাবে চিত্রিত করা হয়েছে যে একটি ক্যারাভ্যানে ভ্রমণ করে এবং কখনও এক জায়গায় থাকে না। এর যাত্রা সমস্ত ইতিহাসের মধ্য দিয়ে যায়, ব্যাবিলন এবং রোমের মতো প্রাচীন স্থান থেকে লন্ডনের মতো আধুনিক স্থান পর্যন্ত। এই যাত্রা অতীত এবং বর্তমান থেকে ভবিষ্যতের দিকেও যায়, এমন শহরগুলির দিকে যা এখনও তৈরি হয়নি। এই যাত্রাকে শক্তিশালী, অন্তহীন এবং সম্পূর্ণরূপে থামানো অসম্ভব হিসাবে দেখানো হয়েছে।) 17. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the main comparison or metaphor for Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the main metaphor for Time is that of an "old gypsy man." A metaphor is when you describe something by saying it is something else. Here, Time is not really a gypsy, but comparing it to one helps us understand it better. Like a gypsy, Time is always wandering, never settles down, and is constantly on a journey. This metaphor perfectly shows that Time is always passing and is something we can't pin down. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ সময়ের জন্য প্রধান রূপক বা তুলনা হলো "বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ"। রূপক হলো যখন আপনি কোনো কিছুকে অন্য কিছু বলে বর্ণনা করেন। এখানে, সময় সত্যিই একজন জিপসি নয়, কিন্তু এটির সাথে তুলনা করলে আমরা এটি আরও ভালোভাবে বুঝতে পারি। জিপসির মতো, সময় সর্বদা ঘুরে বেড়ায়, কখনও স্থায়ী হয় না এবং প্রতিনিয়ত একটি যাত্রায় থাকে। এই রূপকটি পুরোপুরি দেখায় যে সময় সর্বদা চলে যাচ্ছে এবং এটি এমন কিছু যা আমরা ধরে রাখতে পারি না।) 18. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does the golden ring mean? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the golden ring that the speaker offers is a symbol of something very valuable and precious. Gold is a rare and expensive metal. By offering a "great golden ring," the speaker is trying to show Time how much a single day of its presence is worth. It is a gift of great value and respect, meant to convince Time that staying for a while would be rewarded with the best things in the world. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তার দেওয়া সোনার আংটিটি খুব মূল্যবান এবং দামি কিছুর প্রতীক। সোনা একটি বিরল এবং ব্যয়বহুল ধাতু। একটি "বড় সোনার আংটি" অফার করে, বক্তা সময়কে দেখানোর চেষ্টা করছেন যে তার উপস্থিতির একটি দিনের মূল্য কত। এটি একটি মহান মূল্য এবং সম্মানের উপহার, যা সময়কে বোঝানোর জন্য দেওয়া হয়েছে যে কিছুক্ষণের জন্য থাকলে তাকে বিশ্বের সেরা জিনিস দিয়ে পুরস্কৃত করা হবে।) 19. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what feeling does the picture of the caravan create? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the picture of the caravan creates a feeling of constant movement and of not having a permanent home. A caravan is made for travel, not for staying still. This image strongly supports the idea that Time is always on the move. It makes us feel that Time's nature is to be a traveler passing through our lives. When the speaker asks the caravan to stop, it makes Time's unstoppable journey feel even more powerful. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ ক্যারাভ্যানের ছবিটি অবিরাম চলাচল এবং স্থায়ী বাড়ি না থাকার অনুভূতি তৈরি করে। ক্যারাভ্যান ভ্রমণের জন্য তৈরি, স্থির থাকার জন্য নয়। এই চিত্রটি এই ধারণাকে দৃঢ়ভাবে সমর্থন করে যে সময় সর্বদা চলমান। এটি আমাদের অনুভব করায় যে সময়ের প্রকৃতি হলো আমাদের জীবনের মধ্য দিয়ে যাওয়া একজন ভ্রমণকারী। যখন বক্তা ক্যারাভ্যানটিকে থামতে বলেন, তখন এটি সময়ের থামানো অসম্ভব যাত্রাকে আরও শক্তিশালী করে তোলে।) 20. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what does the poem say about the meaning of Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the poem shows that Time is a powerful force that we cannot control. It is always moving forward, and we cannot stop it or slow it down. The speaker's wish for Time to stay for just one day shows how much people want to hold onto good moments and the present. The poem teaches us that Time is precious because it is always passing. It moves through history, creating and destroying, without ever stopping for anyone. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ কবিতাটি দেখায় যে সময় একটি শক্তিশালী শক্তি যা আমরা নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারি না। এটি সর্বদা এগিয়ে চলেছে, এবং আমরা এটিকে থামাতে বা ধীর করতে পারি না। বক্তার একদিনের জন্য সময়কে থাকার ইচ্ছা দেখায় যে মানুষ কতটা ভালো মুহূর্ত এবং বর্তমানকে ধরে রাখতে চায়। কবিতাটি আমাদের শেখায় যে সময় মূল্যবান কারণ এটি সর্বদা চলে যাচ্ছে। এটি ইতিহাসের মধ্য দিয়ে চলে, সৃষ্টি করে এবং ধ্বংস করে, কারও জন্য না থেমেই।) 21. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what do the old, historical places suggest? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," mentioning historical places like Babylon, Rome, and St. Paul's Cathedral in London suggests that Time's journey covers all of human history. It connects the very distant past (Babylon) with the more recent past (Rome) and the present (London). This shows that Time is an eternal traveler that has witnessed everything that has ever happened. It makes Time seem huge and all-powerful, as it moves through every age and civilization. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ ব্যাবিলন, রোম এবং লন্ডনের সেন্ট পল'স ক্যাথেড্রালের মতো ঐতিহাসিক স্থানগুলির উল্লেখ ইঙ্গিত দেয় যে সময়ের যাত্রা সমস্ত মানব ইতিহাসকে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করে। এটি খুব দূরবর্তী অতীতকে (ব্যাবিলন) আরও সাম্প্রতিক অতীতের (রোম) এবং বর্তমানের (লন্ডন) সাথে সংযুক্ত করে। এটি দেখায় যে সময় একজন চিরন্তন ভ্রমণকারী যে যা কিছু ঘটেছে তার সাক্ষী। এটি সময়কে বিশাল এবং সর্বশক্তিমান বলে মনে করায়, কারণ এটি প্রতিটি যুগ এবং সভ্যতার মধ্য দিয়ে চলে।) 22. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," why does the speaker repeat the request to Time at the end? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker repeats the request at the end to show how deep and desperate the wish is. After describing Time's long, unstoppable journey through history, the final plea feels even more hopeless but also more powerful. Repeating the question "Will you not stay... Just for one day?" emphasizes that this is the most important desire of the speaker. It leaves the reader with a strong feeling of longing and the sad truth that Time will never grant this wish. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা শেষে অনুরোধটি পুনরাবৃত্তি করেন এটি দেখানোর জন্য যে ইচ্ছাটি কতটা গভীর । ইতিহাসের মধ্য দিয়ে সময়ের দীর্ঘ, থামানো অসম্ভব যাত্রার বর্ণনা দেওয়ার পর, চূড়ান্ত আবেদনটি আরও নিরাশাজনক কিন্তু আরও শক্তিশালী মনে হয়। "তুমি কি থাকবে না... শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য?" এই প্রশ্নটি পুনরাবৃত্তি করা জোর দেয় যে এটিই বক্তার সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ আকাঙ্ক্ষা। এটি পাঠককে একটি তীব্র আকাঙ্ক্ষার অনুভূতি এবং এই দুঃখজনক সত্যের সাথে ছেড়ে যায় যে সময় কখনই এই ইচ্ছা পূরণ করবে না।) 23. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the main theme or big idea of the poem? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the main theme is the constant and unstoppable passage of Time. The poem is all about how Time is always moving forward and can never be stopped, no matter how much we want it to. It explores the human feeling of wanting to pause time to enjoy the present moment. But, it also shows that we must accept that Time is a traveler that will always keep moving on its journey. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ প্রধান বিষয়বস্তু হলো সময়ের ধ্রুবক এবং থামানো অসম্ভব প্রবাহ। কবিতাটি এই বিষয়ে যে সময় সর্বদা এগিয়ে চলেছে এবং আমরা যতই চাই না কেন, তাকে থামানো যায় না। এটি বর্তমান মুহূর্ত উপভোগ করার জন্য সময়কে থামানোর মানবিক অনুভূতিকে অন্বেষণ করে। কিন্তু, এটি আরও দেখায় যে আমাদের অবশ্যই গ্রহণ করতে হবে যে সময় একজন ভ্রমণকারী যে সর্বদা তার যাত্রায় এগিয়ে যাবে।) Multiple-choice questions based on the text: Who is the speaker addressing in the poem? a) A king b) A traveler c) Time d) A child What does the speaker offer to Time to persuade him to stay? a) Money b) Gold and silver c) A mansion d) A feast What is Time’s caravan compared to in the poem? a) A castle b) A chariot c) A wagon d) A ship Where does the speaker mention Time has been recently? a) Paris and London b) Babylon and Rome c) Athens and Cairo d) New York and Tokyo What gift is offered for Time’s donkey in the poem? a) A golden saddle b) Silver bells c) A crown d) A bouquet of flowers What does the speaker ask the peacocks to do for Time? a) Dance for him b) Bow to him c) Sing for him d) Present him with flowers What do the sweet girls do for Time in the poem? a) Sing for him b) Decorate him with flowers c) Give him a feast d) Offer him jewels How does the speaker describe Time’s movement? a) Slow and steady b) Unpredictable c) Always moving quickly d) Eternal What is the speaker’s attitude towards Time? a) Indifferent b) Grateful c) Desperate for Time to stay d) Angry at Time What does the speaker compare the places Time travels to? a) Ancient cities and forgotten lands b) Cities that are blind in the womb and to be buried in the tomb c) Peaceful and quiet villages d) Places full of riches and luxury Answers: c) Time b) Gold and silver c) A wagon b) Babylon and Rome b) Silver bells b) Bow to him b) Decorate him with flowers c) Always moving quickly c) Desperate for Time to stay b) Cities that are blind in the womb and to be buried in the tomb Summary of "Time, You Old Gypsy Man" This poem is like a conversation between a person (the speaker) and Time itself. The speaker imagines Time as a person—an "old gypsy man" who is always traveling and never stays in one place. Part 1: The Speaker's Request and Offers At the beginning of the poem, the speaker kindly asks Time to stop its journey for just one single day. The speaker says, "Will you not stay, Put up your caravan," which means "Please stop traveling and park your home-on-wheels here with me." The speaker wants to have Time as a guest and promises to give it many wonderful and expensive gifts to convince it to stay. These gifts include: Beautiful bells made of the best silver for Time’s donkey (jennet). A large, beautiful golden ring, specially made by a goldsmith. Special honors, like having pretty peacocks bow down to it. Happy celebrations, where little boys will sing songs. A lovely welcome where sweet girls will decorate Time with pretty "may" flowers. By offering all these amazing things, the speaker is trying to show Time how much its company is valued. The speaker wants to make the day so special that Time will want to stay and rest. (এই কবিতাটি একজন ব্যক্তি (বক্তা) এবং স্বয়ং সময়ের মধ্যে একটি কথোপকথনের মতো। বক্তা সময়কে একজন ব্যক্তি হিসেবে কল্পনা করেছেন—একজন "বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ" যে সর্বদা ভ্রমণ করে এবং কখনও এক জায়গায় থাকে না। অংশ ১: বক্তার অনুরোধ এবং প্রস্তাব কবিতার শুরুতে, বক্তা সময়কে দয়া করে মাত্র একদিনের জন্য তার যাত্রা থামাতে বলেন। বক্তা বলেন, "তুমি কি থাকবে না, তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামাও," যার অর্থ "দয়া করে ভ্রমণ বন্ধ করো এবং তোমার চাকার উপর বাড়িটি এখানে আমার সাথে রাখো।" বক্তা সময়কে অতিথি হিসেবে পেতে চান এবং তাকে থাকার জন্য রাজি করাতে অনেক চমৎকার এবং দামী উপহার দেওয়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দেন। এই উপহারগুলোর মধ্যে রয়েছে: সময়ের গাধার (জেনেট) জন্য সেরা রুপো দিয়ে তৈরি সুন্দর ঘণ্টা। একজন স্বর্ণকারের দ্বারা বিশেষভাবে তৈরি একটি বড়, সুন্দর সোনার আংটি। বিশেষ সম্মান, যেমন সুন্দর ময়ূর তার সামনে মাথা নত করবে। আনন্দের উৎসব, যেখানে ছোট ছেলেরা গান গাইবে। একটি মনোরম অভ্যর্থনা, যেখানে মিষ্টি মেয়েরা সুন্দর "মে" ফুল দিয়ে সময়কে সাজাবে। এই সমস্ত আশ্চর্যজনক জিনিসগুলো দেওয়ার মাধ্যমে, বক্তা দেখানোর চেষ্টা করছেন যে সময়ের সঙ্গকে তিনি কতটা মূল্য দেন। বক্তা দিনটিকে এতটাই বিশেষ করে তুলতে চান যাতে সময় থেকে যেতে এবং বিশ্রাম নিতে আগ্রহী হয়।) Part 2: The Reality of Time's Journey Even though the speaker makes all these wonderful offers, the speaker also knows the sad truth: Time never stops. The poem describes how Time is a constant traveler who has already passed through famous and important places in history. For example, Time was recently in Babylon  and Rome —two great cities from ancient times that are now gone. This shows that Time has seen entire civilizations rise and fall. The speaker understands that Time is always in a hurry. The poem says that Time "tightens its rein," which is what a rider does before speeding up. This image shows that Time is always preparing to move on to the next place, never staying still for long. Time's journey is endless and cannot be paused by anyone. (যদিও বক্তা এই সমস্ত চমৎকার প্রস্তাব দেন, বক্তা একটি দুঃখজনক সত্যও জানেন: সময় কখনও থামে না। কবিতাটি বর্ণনা করে যে সময় একজন অবিরাম ভ্রমণকারী যে ইতিমধ্যেই ইতিহাসের বিখ্যাত এবং গুরুত্বপূর্ণ স্থানগুলোর মধ্য দিয়ে গেছে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, সময় সম্প্রতি ব্যাবিলন  এবং রোম -এ ছিল—প্রাচীনকালের দুটি মহান শহর যা এখন আর নেই। এটি দেখায় যে সময় পুরো সভ্যতাকে উঠতে এবং পড়তে দেখেছে। বক্তা বোঝেন যে সময় সর্বদা তাড়াহুড়োর মধ্যে থাকে। কবিতাটি বলে যে সময় "তার লাগাম শক্ত করে," যা একজন আরোহী দ্রুত চলার আগে করে। এই চিত্রটি দেখায় যে সময় সর্বদা পরবর্তী স্থানে যাওয়ার জন্য প্রস্তুতি নেয়, কখনও বেশিক্ষণ স্থির থাকে না। সময়ের যাত্রা অন্তহীন এবং কেউ তা থামাতে পারে না।) Part 3: The Final, Unanswered Plea The poem ends with the speaker repeating the same wish from the beginning. The speaker once again begs Time to stay, but this time, the request feels more hopeless. The speaker knows that Time will not listen. Instead, Time will soon be off to a new city—one that has not even been born yet ("blind in the womb"). This shows that Time's journey is not just through the past and present but also into the future. The speaker’s final plea is full of longing. It is a sad and beautiful expression of the human desire to hold onto a moment, but it also shows an understanding that Time’s journey will continue forever, without stopping for anyone's wishes. (কবিতাটি বক্তার শুরুর সেই একই ইচ্ছা পুনরাবৃত্তি করে শেষ হয়। বক্তা আবারও সময়কে থাকার জন্য অনুরোধ করেন, কিন্তু এবার, অনুরোধটি আরও আশাহীন মনে হয়। বক্তা জানেন যে সময় শুনবে না। পরিবর্তে, সময় শীঘ্রই একটি নতুন শহরে চলে যাবে—এমন একটি শহর যা এখনও জন্মায়নি ("গর্ভে অন্ধ")। এটি দেখায় যে সময়ের যাত্রা কেবল অতীত এবং বর্তমানের মধ্য দিয়েই নয়, ভবিষ্যতের দিকেও। বক্তার চূড়ান্ত আবেদনটি আকুলতায় ভরা। এটি একটি মুহূর্তকে ধরে রাখার মানবিক আকাঙ্ক্ষার একটি দুঃখজনক এবং সুন্দর প্রকাশ, তবে এটি এই বোঝাপড়াও দেখায় যে সময়ের যাত্রা চিরকাল চলতে থাকবে, কারও ইচ্ছার জন্য না থেমেই।) Themes of the Poem (The Big Ideas) A theme is the main idea or message in a story or poem. This poem has a few important themes. 1. Time Never Stops (The Relentless Passage of Time) This is the most important theme. The poem shows us that time is like a river that is always flowing forward. No matter what we do or what we offer, we cannot stop it or even slow it down. The speaker tries to bargain with Time, but it is impossible. Time, as the "old gypsy man," is always on the move, unaffected by human wishes. This teaches us that the forward motion of time is a rule of life that cannot be changed. (এটি সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয়। কবিতাটি আমাদের দেখায় যে সময় একটি নদীর মতো যা সর্বদা সামনের দিকে বয়ে চলেছে। আমরা যা-ই করি না কেন বা যা-ই প্রস্তাব দিই না কেন, আমরা এটিকে থামাতে বা এমনকি ধীর করতেও পারি না। বক্তা সময়ের সাথে দর কষাকষি করার চেষ্টা করেন, কিন্তু তা অসম্ভব। সময়, "বুড়ো জিপসি মানুষ" হিসেবে, সর্বদা চলমান, মানুষের ইচ্ছার দ্বারা প্রভাবিত হয় না। এটি আমাদের শেখায় যে সময়ের অগ্রযাত্রা জীবনের একটি নিয়ম যা পরিবর্তন করা যায় না।) 2. The Human Wish to Control Time (Desire and Longing) Every person has probably wished they could stop time during a happy moment or get more time when they need it. The speaker’s pleading request shows this universal human feeling. We all want to hold onto the present and enjoy the good moments before they pass. The speaker's sadness and frustration come from knowing that this desire can never come true. It’s a feeling of longing for something we can never have. (প্রত্যেক মানুষই হয়তো কোনো সুখের মুহূর্তে সময়কে থামিয়ে দিতে বা প্রয়োজনে আরও কিছু সময় পাওয়ার ইচ্ছা করেছে। বক্তার অনুনয়মূলক অনুরোধটি এই সর্বজনীন মানবিক অনুভূতিকে দেখায়। আমরা সবাই বর্তমানকে ধরে রাখতে এবং ভালো মুহূর্তগুলো চলে যাওয়ার আগে তা উপভোগ করতে চাই। বক্তার দুঃখ এবং হতাশা এই জ্ঞান থেকে আসে যে এই ইচ্ছা কখনই সত্যি হতে পারে না। এটি এমন কিছুর জন্য আকুলতার অনুভূতি যা আমরা কখনই পেতে পারি না।) 3. How Small We Are Compared to Time (Human Limitation) The poem highlights how small and powerless humans are when compared to the vastness of Time. Time has seen entire civilizations like Babylon and Rome disappear. It travels to cities that are not even built yet. In contrast, a human life is very short. The poem makes us feel that while we live our lives, Time is on a much bigger, cosmic journey. No matter how much we want to, we have no power to change its course. (কবিতাটি তুলে ধরে যে সময়ের বিশালতার তুলনায় মানুষ কতটা ছোট এবং শক্তিহীন। সময় ব্যাবিলন এবং রোমের মতো পুরো সভ্যতাকে অদৃশ্য হয়ে যেতে দেখেছে। এটি এমন শহরগুলোতে ভ্রমণ করে যা এখনও নির্মিত হয়নি। এর বিপরীতে, একটি মানুষের জীবন খুবই ছোট। কবিতাটি আমাদের অনুভব করায় যে আমরা যখন আমাদের জীবনযাপন করি, সময় তখন অনেক বড়, মহাজাগতিক যাত্রায় থাকে। আমরা যতই চাই না কেন, এর গতিপথ পরিবর্তন করার কোনো ক্ষমতা আমাদের নেই।) More Short Answer Question: 1. In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the first thing the speaker asks Time to do? At the very beginning of the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker asks Time to please stop its journey. The speaker says, "Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day?" This means the speaker wants Time, who is always traveling, to take a short break, park its home-on-wheels, and be a guest for only one day. This simple request shows how much the speaker wants a pause from Time's constant movement. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এর একদম শুরুতে, বক্তা সময়কে তার যাত্রা থামাতে অনুরোধ করেন। বক্তা বলেন, "তুমি কি থাকবে না, তোমার ক্যারাভ্যানটি থামাও, শুধু একটি দিনের জন্য?" এর মানে হলো বক্তা চান সময়, যে কিনা সর্বদা ভ্রমণরত, সে যেন একটি ছোট্ট বিরতি নেয়, তার চাকার উপর বাড়িটি দাঁড় করায় এবং মাত্র একদিনের জন্য অতিথি হয়। এই সাধারণ অনুরোধটি দেখায় যে বক্তা সময়ের অবিরাম চলা থেকে কতটা বিরতি চান।) 2. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what types of presents does the speaker promise to give to Time, and what is the reason for these offers? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker promises to give Time many amazing and beautiful presents. These gifts include shiny silver bells for its jennet (a female donkey), a large and beautiful golden ring made by special workers, and great entertainment. For example, peacocks will bow down to show respect, little boys will sing happy songs, and sweet girls will decorate Time with pretty flowers. The reason the speaker offers all these wonderful things is to try and convince Time to stay for a while. The speaker hopes these gifts will make Time want to stop its journey and be a guest. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা সময়কে অনেক আশ্চর্যজনক এবং সুন্দর উপহার দেওয়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দেন। এই উপহারগুলোর মধ্যে রয়েছে তার জেনেট (মাদী গাধা)-এর জন্য চকচকে রুপোর ঘণ্টা, বিশেষ কারিগরদের দ্বারা তৈরি একটি বড় এবং সুন্দর সোনার আংটি এবং চমৎকার বিনোদন। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, ময়ূর সম্মান জানাতে মাথা নত করবে, ছোট ছেলেরা আনন্দের গান গাইবে এবং মিষ্টি মেয়েরা সুন্দর ফুল দিয়ে সময়কে সাজাবে। বক্তা এই সমস্ত চমৎকার জিনিসগুলো দেওয়ার কারণ হলো সময়কে কিছুক্ষণের জন্য থাকার জন্য রাজি করানোর চেষ্টা করা। বক্তা আশা করেন যে এই উপহারগুলো সময়কে তার যাত্রা থামাতে এবং অতিথি হতে উৎসাহিত করবে।) 3. In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what do the gifts of "bells for your jennet" and a "golden ring" tell us about how the speaker feels about Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," offering special gifts like silver bells and a golden ring tells us that the speaker sees Time as very important and worthy of great respect. Silver and gold are precious and expensive things. By promising such valuable items, the speaker shows that they believe Time is like a king or a very special visitor. The speaker wants to give the best things possible to show how much they value Time's company, even if it is just for one day. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ রুপোর ঘণ্টা এবং সোনার আংটির মতো বিশেষ উপহার দেওয়ার বিষয়টি আমাদের বলে যে বক্তা সময়কে অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ এবং গভীর সম্মানের যোগ্য বলে মনে করেন। রুপা এবং সোনা মূল্যবান এবং দামী জিনিস। এই ধরনের মূল্যবান জিনিস দেওয়ার প্রতিশ্রুতি দিয়ে, বক্তা দেখান যে তিনি বিশ্বাস করেন সময় একজন রাজা বা খুব বিশেষ অতিথির মতো। বক্তা সময়ের সঙ্গকে কতটা মূল্য দেন তা দেখানোর জন্য সম্ভাব্য সেরা জিনিসগুলো দিতে চান, এমনকি যদি তা মাত্র একদিনের জন্যও হয়।) 4. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," which places and cities are named, and what do these places stand for in the poem? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker names three main locations: Babylon, Rome, and under "Paul's dome" (which means St. Paul's Cathedral in London). These places stand for the entire history of the world. Babylon and Rome were great and powerful cities a very long time ago, representing the ancient past. Paul's dome in London represents a more modern time. By mentioning all three, the poem shows that Time travels through every era, watching great civilizations rise and fall. They symbolize Time's long and endless journey through history. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা তিনটি প্রধান স্থানের নাম উল্লেখ করেছেন: ব্যাবিলন, রোম এবং "সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজের" নিচে (যা লন্ডনের সেন্ট পল'স ক্যাথেড্রালকে বোঝায়)। এই স্থানগুলি বিশ্বের সমগ্র ইতিহাসকে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। ব্যাবিলন এবং রোম অনেক দিন আগে মহান এবং শক্তিশালী শহর ছিল, যা প্রাচীন অতীতকে বোঝায়। লন্ডনের সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজ আরও আধুনিক সময়কে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। এই তিনটি স্থানের উল্লেখ করে কবিতাটি দেখায় যে সময় প্রতিটি যুগের মধ্য দিয়ে ভ্রমণ করে, মহান সভ্যতার উত্থান ও পতন দেখে। এগুলি ইতিহাসের মধ্য দিয়ে সময়ের দীর্ঘ এবং অন্তহীন যাত্রার প্রতীক।) 5. Throughout the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," how is Time described as acting or moving? Throughout the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," Time is described as someone who is always moving and never stays in one place. The poem says Time "tightens his reins," which is something a rider does before moving fast, showing that Time is always ready to hurry away. It moves from one city to another, from the past to the future, without ever truly stopping to rest. Time is shown to be an elusive traveler who is constantly on a journey and can never be held back. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man" জুড়ে সময়কে এমন একজন হিসেবে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে যে সর্বদা চলমান এবং কখনও এক জায়গায় থাকে না। কবিতাটি বলে যে সময় "তার লাগাম শক্ত করে," যা একজন আরোহী দ্রুত চলার আগে করে থাকে, এটি দেখায় যে সময় সর্বদা দ্রুত চলে যাওয়ার জন্য প্রস্তুত। এটি এক শহর থেকে অন্য শহরে, অতীত থেকে ভবিষ্যতে চলে, কখনও সত্যিকারের বিশ্রামের জন্য না থেমেই। সময়কে একজন অধরা ভ্রমণকারী হিসেবে দেখানো হয়েছে যে ক্রমাগত যাত্রায় থাকে এবং যাকে কখনও আটকে রাখা যায় না।) 6. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what kind of feeling or emotion does the speaker show? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker shows a strong feeling of longing, which is a deep wish for something you cannot have. The speaker truly wants Time to slow down and stay for a while. There is also a feeling of sadness or frustration because the speaker knows this is an impossible wish. The overall emotion is a mix of begging and gentleness, showing how deeply humans wish they could capture a beautiful moment and hold onto it forever. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তা আকুলতার এক তীব্র অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করেন, যা এমন কিছুর জন্য গভীর আকাঙ্ক্ষা যা আপনি পেতে পারেন না। বক্তা সত্যিই চান যে সময় ধীর হয়ে যাক এবং কিছুক্ষণের জন্য থেকে যাক। এখানে একটি দুঃখ বা হতাশার অনুভূতিও রয়েছে কারণ বক্তা জানেন যে এটি একটি অসম্ভব ইচ্ছা। সামগ্রিক আবেগটি অনুনয় এবং কোমলতার মিশ্রণ, যা দেখায় যে মানুষ কতটা গভীরভাবে একটি সুন্দর মুহূর্তকে ধরে রাখতে এবং চিরকালের জন্য তা আঁকড়ে রাখতে চায়।) 7. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the meaning of the lines "Off to some city / Now blind in the womb"? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," these lines describe Time's journey into the future. A baby that is still in its mother's womb is not yet born and cannot see the world, so it is "blind." In the same way, a city that is "blind in the womb" is a city that has not been built yet. It only exists as an idea for the future. This means that Time is always moving forward, not just to places that are here today, but also to places that do not even exist yet. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ এই লাইনগুলো ভবিষ্যতের দিকে সময়ের যাত্রাকে বর্ণনা করে। একটি শিশু যা এখনও তার মায়ের গর্ভে রয়েছে, সে এখনো জন্মায়নি এবং পৃথিবী দেখতে পারে না, তাই সে "অন্ধ"। একইভাবে, একটি শহর যা "গর্ভে অন্ধ" তা এমন একটি শহর যা এখনো নির্মিত হয়নি। এটি কেবল ভবিষ্যতের একটি ধারণা হিসাবে বিদ্যমান। এর মানে হলো যে সময় সর্বদা এগিয়ে চলেছে, শুধু আজকের বিদ্যমান জায়গাগুলোর দিকেই নয়, বরং এমন জায়গাগুলোর দিকেও যা এখনো অস্তিত্বহীন।) 8. In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what do the mentions of old places like "Babylon" and modern ones like "Paul's dome" tell us about Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," mentioning both ancient places like Babylon and more modern places like Paul's dome in London tells us that Time is timeless and has been everywhere. It shows that Time is an eternal witness that has seen great empires of the past fall apart and is still present in the busy cities of today. This tells us that Time’s nature is to be all-encompassing, meaning its journey covers every single moment of human history without ever stopping. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ ব্যাবিলনের মতো প্রাচীন স্থান এবং লন্ডনের সেন্ট পলের গম্বুজের মতো আধুনিক স্থান উভয়ের উল্লেখ আমাদের বলে যে সময় কালজয়ী এবং সর্বত্র বিরাজমান। এটি দেখায় যে সময় একজন চিরন্তন সাক্ষী যে অতীতের মহান সাম্রাজ্যগুলোকে ধ্বংস হতে দেখেছে এবং আজকের ব্যস্ত শহরগুলোতেও উপস্থিত রয়েছে। এটি আমাদের বলে যে সময়ের প্রকৃতি হলো সর্বব্যাপী, যার অর্থ হলো এর যাত্রা মানব ইতিহাসের প্রতিটি মুহূর্তকে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করে, কখনও না থেমেই।) 9. In "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," what is the speaker's final and most important request to Time? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," the speaker's final and most important request is the same as the first one: for Time to please stop its endless journey and stay for just one day. The speaker repeats this plea at the end of the poem, which shows how desperate this wish is. The speaker truly wants to hold onto the present moment and is begging Time to take a short break, even though it seems impossible. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ বক্তার চূড়ান্ত এবং সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অনুরোধটি প্রথমটির মতোই: সময় যেন তার অন্তহীন যাত্রা থামিয়ে মাত্র একদিনের জন্য থেকে যায়। বক্তা কবিতার শেষে এই মিনতিটি পুনরাবৃত্তি করেন, যা দেখায় যে এই ইচ্ছাটি কতটা απελπισμένη। বক্তা সত্যিই বর্তমান মুহূর্তটিকে ধরে রাখতে চান এবং সময়ের কাছে একটি ছোট্ট বিরতি নেওয়ার জন্য অনুরোধ করছেন, যদিও এটি অসম্ভব বলে মনে হয়।) 10. In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," why is the line "Time, you old gypsy man, will you not stay" repeated, and what effect does it have? In the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man," this line is repeated to make the speaker's wish feel very strong and urgent. Repetition in a poem makes an idea more powerful. By saying it again at the end, after describing Time's long journey, the speaker shows a deep feeling of helplessness and longing. It has the effect of making the reader feel the speaker's sadness and deep desire. It strongly reinforces the poem's main message: that time passes very quickly, and we all wish we could make it stop, even for a moment. (কবিতা "Time, You Old Gypsy Man"-এ এই লাইনটি পুনরাবৃত্তি করা হয়েছে যাতে বক্তার ইচ্ছাটিকে খুব শক্তিশালী এবং জরুরি বলে মনে হয়। কবিতায় পুনরাবৃত্তি একটি ধারণাকে আরও শক্তিশালী করে তোলে। সময়ের দীর্ঘ যাত্রার বর্ণনা দেওয়ার পর শেষে এটি আবার বলে, বক্তা একটি গভীর অসহায়ত্ব এবং আকুলতার অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করেন। এর ফলে পাঠক বক্তার দুঃখ এবং গভীর ইচ্ছা অনুভব করতে পারে। এটি কবিতার প্রধান বার্তাকে দৃঢ়ভাবে শক্তিশালী করে: যে সময় খুব দ্রুত চলে যায়, এবং আমরা সবাই চাই যে আমরা এটিকে এক মুহূর্তের জন্য হলেও থামাতে পারতাম।) Ad Vocabulary: The complete vocabulary list from the poem "Time, You Old Gypsy Man" Word / Vocab Meaning in English Meaning in Bangla (বাংলা) Babylon An ancient city, a symbol of the distant past. ব্যাবিলন (প্রাচীন শহর) Beat To hammer metal into a shape. (ধাতু) পিটিয়ে তৈরি করা Bells Hollow, cup-shaped metal objects that make a sound. ঘণ্টা Blind Unable to see; (here) undeveloped or not yet formed. অন্ধ Bow To bend the head or body in respect. নত হওয়া / প্রণাম করা Caravan A traveler's vehicle or wagon. ক্যারাভ্যান / সফরের গাড়ি Crush A dense, crowded group of people. ভিড় / জনসমাবেশ Dial The face of a clock. ঘড়ির ডায়াল / মুখ Dome A rounded roof of a building. গম্বুজ Ere An archaic word for "before". আগে / পূর্বে Festoon To decorate with chains of flowers or garlands. ফুলে বা মালায় সাজানো Goldsmiths People who make objects from gold. স্বর্ণকার Great Large in size or extent. বড় / বিশাল Guest An invited visitor. অতিথি Gypsy A wanderer or nomad (used metaphorically for Time). জিপসি / যাযাবর Hasten To move or travel with hurry. তাড়াহুড়ো করা Hasten away To hurry and leave a place quickly. দ্রুত চলে যাওয়া Jennet A female donkey. মাদী গাধা Man An adult male human being (used to personify Time). মানুষ / পুরুষ May The blossoms of the hawthorn tree. 'মে' ফুল (হেঁয়ালি ফুল) Moment A very brief period of time. মুহূর্ত Peacocks Large, colorful male birds with long tail feathers. ময়ূর Put up To stop and set up camp; to station. থামানো / স্থাপন করা Rein A strap used to guide an animal (metaphor for control). লাগাম Rome An ancient city, a symbol of a past empire. রোম (প্রাচীন শহর) Silver A precious, shiny greyish-white metal. রুপা / রুপোর Sing To make musical sounds with the voice. গান গাওয়া Stay To remain in one place. থাকা / অবস্থান করা Sweet Pleasing, charming, or delightful. মিষ্টি / মধুর Tighten To make something more firm or secure. শক্ত করা / কষা Time The ongoing sequence of events taking place. সময় / কাল Tomb A place for burial; a grave. কবর / সমাধি Womb A place where something develops or is created. গর্ভ / জঠর Theme And Summary in Short Theme: The  theme of Time, You Old Gipsy Man by Ralph Hodgson explores the relentless passage of time and its inevitable effects on human life. The poem personifies Time as an old gipsy man who roams freely, highlighting the transient nature of existence and the inevitability of aging and death. Through its contemplative tone, the poem reflects on the human desire to grasp moments of beauty and joy, even as Time continues its unyielding march forward.   Summary:  In Time, You Old Gipsy Man, Ralph Hodgson addresses Time as a wandering, unpredictable figure, symbolizing the inevitability of aging and mortality. The speaker reflects on the fleeting nature of life and the bittersweet moments that come with it, acknowledging the desire to capture and hold onto joy amid the passage of time. The poem conveys a sense of urgency, as the speaker urges Time to pause, allowing for moments of beauty and happiness to be savored. Ultimately, it captures the tension between the desire to enjoy life and the relentless advance of Time, reminding readers of life’s transient beauty.

HSC EXAMINATION-2027 ENGLISH 1st PAPER Part II: Writing Test Question No. 7: Paragraph Writing Instructions:  Write a well-structured paragraph for each of the following topics, ensuring you answer all the guiding questions in detail. Paragraphs should be approximately 200 words unless otherwise specified. 1. Food Adulteration (a) What is an adulterant? (b) What is food adulteration? (c) What is the reason behind adulterating food? (d) Who adulterates food? (e) Which food are being adulterated? (f) What is the effect of consuming adulterated food? (g) What is the role of the government in this regard? 2. Pahela Baishakh (a) What is Pahela Baishakh? (b) What is the significance of the day? (c) How is the day celebrated? (d) What dress do the men and women wear on the day? (e) Has it crossed the national border? (f) Do you see any sign of national identity on this occation? Source:   [DjB-2019:HSC Exam (Kha Set)-2018 in 2nd Paper: SB-2016] 3. The Victory Day (a) When is our Victory Day? (b) Why is it called so? (c) What is the brief history behind it? (d) How do we observe the day? (e) What is the significance of the day? Source:   [CB-2019] 4. The Sundarbans (a) What type of forest is the Sundarbans? (b) What is the location of the Sundarbans? (c) Why is the Sundarbans famous? (d) What is the present condition of this forest? (e) What are the causes of destruction of the Sundarbans and what causes the extinction of tigers? (f) What role does the Sundarbans play in the national economy? Source:   [RB-2019] 5. Diaspora (a) What is diaspora? (b) What are the major causes of diaspora? (c) Who were the greatest displaced people in the history? (d) Do you find any diaspora in recent times? (e) What are the consequences of diaspora? Source:   [CigB-2019] 6. Digital Bangladesh (a) What is Digital Bangladesh? (b) How can we achieve it? (c) What steps should be taken by the government to execute it? (d) How can students take part in it? (e) Is the idea too ambitious? (f) What type of digitalization has been done in our country? Source:   [SB-2019] [DB-2019 & 2017; HSC Exam (Kha Set)-2018; CtgB-2017) 7. Folk Music (a) What is folk music? (b) What are the components of folk music? (c) Why is folk music not sophisticated? (d) Who are the contributors of folk music in Bangladesh? (e) What kind of role does folk music play in our social and cultural life? Source:   [BB-2019] 8. The Historic Speech of 7th March (i) When was the speech delivered? (ii) Where was the speech delivered? (iii) Who were addressed in this speech? (iv) How was the speech related to our national history? (v) How is the speech evaluated internationally? Source:   [HSC Exam (Ka Set)-2018] 9. An Ideal Student (a) Who is an ideal student? (b) What are his/her duties and responsibilities? (c) What makes him/her different from other students? (d) Why should he/she be polite in his/her behaviour? (e) How can you be an ideal student? Source:   [CB-2017] 10. Drug Addiction (a) What is meant by drug addiction? (b) Why do people become drug addicted? (c) What are the after effects of it? (d) What type of diseases are caused by it? (e) How can it be checked? Source:   [DjB-2017] 11. Your Best Friend (a) How many friends do you have? (b) Who is your best friend? (c) Why do you like him/her more than other friends? (d) How is his/her characteristics? (e) Have you ever been angry with him/her? (f) What other things would you like to see in his/her character? Source:   [JB-2017] 12. Modern Technology (a) What do you understand by modern technology? (b) Where is it being used? (c) What are the impacts of technology in our life? (d) How has technology made the world a global village? (e) How can technology be used for the greater welfare of mankind? Source:   [SB-2017] 13. Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phone (a) What is mobile phone? (b) What are the benefits of mobile phone? (c) How can mobile phone be used as alternative to computer? (d) What are the demerits of mobile phone? (e) What are the diseases caused by excessive use of mobile phone? Source:   [BB-2017] 14. Etiquette and Manners (a) What do 'etiquette' and 'manners' mean? (b) What is the difference between 'manner' and 'manners'? (c) How does society accept a bad mannered person? (d) What are the ideas of 'etiquette' and 'manners'? (e) What are the institutes of learning 'etiquette and 'manners'? (f) How do social occasions vary? 15. Load-Shedding (a) What do you mean by load-shedding? (b) What problems does it create? (c) How does it affect out students? (d) When does it occur? (e) How does it occur? (f) How can we stop it? 16. Traffic Education (a) What is Traffic Education? (b) Why do we need Traffic Education? (c) What will happen if we do not take this education? (d) What facilities of Traffic Education do we have in Bangladesh? 17. Globalisation (a) What is globalisation? (b) What is the common fear about the adverse effects of globalisation in our country? (c) Why is the fear not quite justified? (d) How can globalisation be helpful to our own culture? (e) What is the strength of our culture to resist the cultural assault caused by the tide of globalisation? 18. Global Warming (a) What is global warming? (b) What are the causes of global warming? (c) What are the effects of it? (d) How can we prevent global warming? (e) If we fail to prevent it, what may happen in near future? 19. A Book Fair You Have Visited (a) What is a book fair? (b) What was the occasion of the fair? (c) Where was it held? (d) How was the environment of the fair? (e) What experience did you gather by visiting the fair? 20. Price Hike (a) What is price hike? (b) What are the reasons of it? (c) What is the impact of it in the society? (d) Who are the sufferers of it? (e) What can be the remedies? 21. Tree Plantation (a) What does a tree do for us? (b) What happens if there are no trees? (c) What is the effect of the loss of trees? (d) How can we make the earth greener, cleaner and safer? (e) What part do people play in protecting trees and increasing forests? 22. Rohingya Refugees (a) Who are they? (b) How did they become refugees? (c) What problems did they face before? (d) What are their present problems? (e) How can their problems be solved? 23. Adolescence (a) What does adolescence refer to? (b) What are the noticeable features of adolescence? (c) What are the risk factors of adolescence? (d) What is the role of family, communities and schools? (e) How can they help adolescence? 24. Premature Marriage (a) What is meant by premature marriage? (b) Who are victims of premature marriage? (c) What are the causes of premature marriage? (d) What problems does premature marriage create in the society? (e) What suggestions do you have to solve the problem? 25. Gender Equality (a) What do you understand by gender equality? (b) What is its importance? (c) What is the condition of gender equality in Bangladesh? (d) What are its barriers? (e) Who or what are responsible for these barriers? (f) How is gender equality related to the overall development of our country? (g) What steps would you recommend to ensure gender equality? 26. Gender Disparity (a) What is meant by gender disparity? (b) Why do people discriminate between boys and girls? (c) What are the major fields of gender disparity in our country? (d) What are the after-effects of such disparity? (e) What steps can be taken to get rid of such discrimination still prevailing in our society? 27. Good Health (a) What do you mean by good health? (b) How can one keep in good health? (c) Do all people of our country get necessary things for keeping in good health? (d) How much are our people aware of health rules? (e) What is the most important thing for a sound health? 28. E-Learning (a) What do you understand by E-learning? (b) Give examples of different media of E-learning. (c) What is the setting of E-learning? (d) What are the advantages of E-learning? (e) What are the disadvantages of E-learning? 29. Traffic Jam (a) What is traffic jam? (b) How does it cause a great harm to us? (c) Why does it occur? (d) What are the root causes of traffic jam? (e) How can we solve this problem? 30. Eve-Teasing (a) What do you understand by eve-teasing? (b) Who are the common eve-teasers? (c) What is your attitude to them? (d) Who are the main targets of this heinous act? (e) What are its effects? (f) What measures should be taken against eve-teasing? 31. A Moonlit Night (a) What is a moonlit night? (b) When does a moonlit night take place? (c) How is the moonlit night? (d) What are the charming scenes in a moonlit night? (e) What does a moonlit night remind us? (f) How do the poets and writers feel on a moonlit night? 32. Greenhouse Effect (a) What do you mean by the greenhouse effect? (b) What are harmful sides of greenhouse effect? (c) How is the amount of carbon di-oxide gas increasing? (d) What is carbon dioxide making in the ozone layer? (e) What will happen to Bangladesh because of greenhouse effect? 33. Dengue Fever (a) What is Dengue Fever? (b) Which areas of the world are the most vulnerable for Dengue? (c) What are the symptoms of Dengue fever? (d) What is the treatment of Dengue fever? (e) How can we prevent Dengue? 34. Metro Rail in Dhaka (a) What is metro rail? (b) What is the current status of metro rail project in Bangladesh? (c) How can it help the commuters in Dhaka city? (d) What are the difficulties we are facing due to its construction work? (e) How can this project help our economy? 35. The Construction Work of Padma Bridge (a) What is the Padma Bridge? (b) What do you know about the Padma Bridge? (c) How big is it? (d) What are the benefits of this bridge? (e) How many people will be facilitated by the Padma Bridge? (f) When will the bridge be opened for the public? 36. Chikungunya Disease (a) What is Chikungunya? (b) How does it spread among people? (c) What are the symptoms of Chikungunya disease? (d) What does it do to people? (e) How can it be prevented or treated? Question No. 8: Completing a Story Instructions : Read the beginning of each story provided below. Complete the story in your own words, maintaining a logical and coherent narrative. Provide a suitable title for your completed story. 1. The Thirsty Crow Once upon a time, a crow was very thirsty. It flew from place to place in search of water but unfortunately it did not find any water. All on a sudden, it saw ........... Source:   [DB- 2019; BB-2017] 2. The Lost Money Bag One day, a boy of class five was going to school. Suddenly, he saw a money bag on the road. He was at a los......... Source:   [CB- 2019; HSC Exam-2018 (Ka Set)] 3. The Crow and the Fox Once, a crow was sitting on the branch of a tree. It had a piece of meat in its beak. Suddenly, a fox came there ... Source:   [BB-2019; JB-2017] 4. The Greedy Farmer Once, there lived a poor farmer. He had a goose. It used to lay a golden egg every day. He sold the golden egg in the market. He was very greedy ........... Source:   [RB-2019] 5. The Determined School Girl Parul was a school girl whose parents were landless. They were unable to bear her educational expenses. But Parul was determined.. Source:   [DjB-2019] 6. The Happy Cobbler Once, there lived a happy cobbler in a town. He passed his days in singing and dancing.. Source:   [JB-2019] 7. The Old Photograph In an afternoon, Grandmother was knitting a scarf under a mango tree in the yard. Romim, her grandson, suddenly came running to her with an old photograph in his hand...... Source:   [CtgB-2019] 8. A Visit to the Book Fair Rima is a girl of HSC 1 year at a renowned college. In the month of February, she was eagerly waiting to join a 'Book Fair' but her parents interrupted her..... Source:   [SB-2019] 9. The Dove and the Ant Once upon a time, there lived a dove. It was passing its days, happily. One day, while he was sitting on a tree beside a river, he saw an ant...... .... Source:   [HSC Exam 2018 (Kha Set); DB-2017] 10. The Brilliant Boy There was a boy who hailed from an obscure background. But he was brilliant, diligent and innovative. He ........ Source:   [CB-2017] 11. The Late-Night Phone Call It was late at night. I was taking preparation for my ensuing examination. All the members of my family were sleeping. All on a sudden, my phone rang and it was an unknown number. I got frightened....... Source:   [RB-2017] 12. A Sudden Turn of Events It was a bright sunny morning. I was going to college with some of my friends. We were in a hilarious mood as we were talking about our plan to go on a picnic. Suddenly Source:   [DjB-2017] [CtgB-2017] 13. The Naughty Cowboy There was a naughty cowboy who grazed his cows beside a forest. He used to make fun with the people crying, "Tiger! Tiger! Help! Help!".......... 14. The Honest Woodcutter Once, there lived a poor woodcutter. But he was very honest. He earned his livelihood by selling wood in the market. One day, while he............. Source:   [SB-2017] 15. The Clever Fox Once, there was a clever fox in a jungle. One day, when the fox was walking through the jungle, he fell into a trap. He could somehow get out of the trap, but he had to leave............ 16. The Senseless Woman Once, a school boy named Ahsanullah was going home after completing his class. When he was crossing the road, he saw an old woman lying on the road. She was senseless. There was nobody... 17. The Lion and the Mouse Once, a lion was sleeping in a forest. Suddenly, a mouse came there. It did not notice the sleeping lion. It was running about and playing happily. Accidentally, it ran over the face of the lion and awoke him. At this, the lion grew very angry...... 18. The Scholar and the Boatman A great scholar was on a journey by boat. The scholar was enjoying his journey very much because the weather was pleasant. The scholar was gossiping with the boatman......... 19. The King and the Astrologer Once upon a time, there was a king who was very fond of knowing his future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer happened to stop at his capital on his way to Benares......... 20. A Glass of Water Once, there was a little boy named Bayazid. One night, he was studying by the side of the bed of his mother. His ailing mother was sleeping. All on a sudden, she woke up, raised her head and told him to give her a glass of water........ 21. The Farmer and His Sons Once upon a time, there lived an old farmer in a village. He had four sons. They always quarrelled with each other. This made the farmer unhappy. The neighbours were also disturbed every now and then for their loud shouts. The farmer tried to bring them into their sense but failed. At last, he thought of a plan....... 22. The Poet and the Nobleman The king of Iran used to invite the great poet Sheikh Saadi very often to his court. Once, on his way to the king's court the poet took shelter in a nobleman's house for a night. He was then........... 23. The Two Friends and the Bear Once, there were two friends. They lived in a certain village. They were very intimate with each other. They promised that they would help each other in time of danger. One day, they were passing through a forest. Suddenly, they saw a bear coming towards them. Both of them got afraid.. 24. The Two Rats and the Monkey Once, two rats found a piece of bread. They couldn't agree on how to divide it, because each of them wanted the larger share. They quarrelled for some time. Suddenly, they saw a monkey passing by. They asked the monkey to divide the bread between them. The monkey was very clever. He said, "It is really a difficult task." He brought a pair of scales........ 25. The Hare and the Tortoise Once, there lived a hare in a forest. He was always proud of his speed. A tortoise also lived there. The hare always teased the tortoise for its slow speed. One day, the hare was walking.......... 26. The House Infested with Rats Once, the house of a rich man was infested with rats. The house became like the houses of Hamelin. There were rats everywhere. They made hole here and there. They tore papers, 27. The Defeated King Robert Bruce was a famous king. His kingdom was invaded by enemies. The king fought bravely but was defeated in the battle 28. The Three Friends There lived three friends in a village. One day, the first friend planned to steal gold from a house. The second friend.......... 29. The Pied Piper of Hamelin A long time ago, the town of Hamelin in Germany was faced with a great problem. It became full of rats. The rats were so big and fierce that they fought the dogs, killed the cats and bit the babies in the cradles. They ate up 30. The Crocodile and the Fox Once, a crocodile wanted her eight children to be educated. So, she went to a fox and asked him if he could teach her children. The crocodile had a good faith in the fox. The cunning fox gladly received the offer. So, the crocodile left all her children with him and went back to the river. The fox liked to eat crocodile's kids. 31. A Hope for a Job various offices in Dhaka. So, he left Sunamganj with a great hope in mind that his friends would help him get a job......... 32. The Golden Touch Once, there was a king called Midas. He was very rich. Rich people are never satisfied. They want more and more. The more they have, the more they want. He thought, if he had the golden touch, he would be the happiest man.. 33. The Dull-Headed Man There lived a man in a village. He had a great attraction to English and so he went to a teacher. The teacher began to teach him, but the man was dull-headed. He could hardly recognize what his teacher taught him..... 34. The Found Note One day, a little school-boy found a note of 100 taka in the school premises. At once, he took it to his class teacher, Mr Zaman. He said, "Dear Sir, I've got a note of 100 taka. What can I do with it?" 35. A Surprising Encounter As I was walking home yesterday, a small man with a long pointed beard and only one arm stopped me and asked me the way to "Nur Manjil". I was very surprised because that was my own house 36. The Unemployed Graduate Ahmed has completed his graduation from Sunamganj. He has not got any job yet. Some of his friends serve in 37. The Hardworking Daughter Marium is the daughter of very poor parents. At the age of fifteen, her parents gave her in marriage with a very poor boy. He is very lazy. He does not do any work. So, Marium works hard to support her family...... 38. The Lazy King Once there was an old king. He was averse to physical labour. As a result, he grew very fat and could not move from one place to another easily. He called in a doctor. The doctor was very clever and experienced 39. The King and His Daughters Once upon a time, there was a king in England. He had three daughters. One day, he made up his mind to divide his kingdom among them. So, he called them in the court and asked each of them how much they loved him.... 40. The Frogs and the Boys Once, there was an old pond beyond the village. It was full of frogs. The frogs were living there happily. Some of them often put their heads out of the water and croaked loudly. One day, some boys were playing...... Question No. 9: Informal Letter Instructions : Write an informal letter for each of the following scenarios. 1. Improving in English Suppose, you are Aryan of 12 Quazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shahbag, Dhaka. Your friend Areeb of 12/7, Sholoshohor, Chattogram is very afraid of English. Now, write a letter to him describing how to improve in English. Source:   [BB-2019] 2. About Bangladesh Suppose, you are Alif Adrita. You have just received a letter from your pen-friend, Clara who lives at 17 Dawning Street, U.K. She wants to know about Bangladesh. Now, write a reply to the letter. Source:   [DB-2017] 3. Giving Up Smoking Suppose, you are Nasim/Nasima of 50 Kazalshah, Sylhet-3100. You have a best friend named Salam/Salma who lives at 30 Pallabi, Ali Para, Sunamgonj-3070. S/he is a chain smoker. You know that smoking is a bad habit and it causes many fatal illness. Now, write a letter to your friend advising him/her to give up smoking. Source:   [RB-2017] 4. Spending Too Much Time on Facebook Suppose, you are Anik/Anika. You received a letter from your father yesterday. In the letter, he warned you not to spend much time in Facebook. Now, write a reply to his letter. Source:   [DjB-2017] 5. Progress of Studies Suppose, you are Nafi/Amat. You are an examinee of the coming HSC Examination. Write a letter to your father telling him about your progress of studies/preparation for the exam. 6. Preparation for the Examination Suppose, you are Tutul and your HSC Examination is very near at hand. For this, you have prepared yourself for the examination. Now, write a letter to your friend about your preparation for the examination. 7. Congratulating on Success Suppose, you are Hasan/Hasna living in Natore. Your friend, Nabil/Nabila lives in Chattogram. He/she made an excellent result in the last HSC Examination and that result impressed you greatly. Now, write a letter to your friend congratulating him/her on his/her success in the exam. 8. Future Plans Imagine, you are Mahmud of 12 College Road, Mymensingh. Recently you got a letter from your friend, Tamim who lives at 7 Mymensingh Road, Dhaka, asking you what you would like to do after your HSC Examination. Now, write a letter to your friend telling him about it. 9. Benefits of Reading Newspaper Suppose, you are Sumon/Sumona of 7 Station Road, Rajshahi. Your friend Amin/Amina lives at 4 Elephant Road, Dhaka 1205. He/She does not read newspaper as he/she has no interest in reading newspaper. Now, write a letter to your friend telling him/her about the benefits of reading newspaper. 10. Co-curricular Activities Suppose, you are Monir/Monira living at Kachua, Chandpur and a student of Chandpur Govt. College. Your friend, Nazim/Nazma is a rural student living at Kaptai, Rangamati. He/She wants to know about the co-curricular activities of your college. Now, write a letter to your friend describing the co-curricular activities of your college. 11. Thanking for Hospitality Imagine that you spent a week in your friend's home and you were nicely entertained there. Now, write a letter to your friend thanking him for the hospitality shown to you by him and other members of his family. 12. Bad Company Suppose, you have come to know that your younger brother keeps bad company. He is gradually going to the dogs. Now, write a letter to your younger brother telling him about the bad effects of keeping evil company. 13. Bangladeshi Food Imagine, you are Isam/Isha of 2 Shyamoli Road, Dhaka 1207. You have a pen-friend, Zeson who lives at 9 Derriford Road, Plymouth PLG 8 BH, UK. He wants to know about Bangladeshi food. Now, write a letter to your friend describing the foods and food habits in Bangladesh. 14. Thanking for a Birthday Gift Suppose, you are seventeen years old. You have recently celebrated your birthday. You have got an alarm clock as a birthday gift from one of your friends. Now, write a letter thanking your friend for the gift. 15. Prize Giving Ceremony Write a letter to your friend describing the prize giving ceremony of your college. 16. Sports Day Imagine, you are Rana/Rani of 25 BK Road, Khulna. The annual sports of your college have recently been held. You were one of the participants and became champion. Now, write a letter to your friend, Mishu who lives at KN Avenue, Bogura, describing the sports day of your college. 17. Importance of Physical Exercise Your younger brother does not know the importance of physical exercise. Now, write a letter to him describing the importance of physical exercise. 18. Tourist Attractions Suppose, you are Shuvro. Write a letter to your foreign pen-friend describing him about the tourist attractions of your country. 19. Attentiveness to Studies Suppose, you are Ziad. You came to know that your younger brother Zian is not attentive to his studies. Now, write a letter advising him to be attentive to his studies. 20. Summer Vacation Write a letter to your friend telling him/her how you have spent the last summer vacation. 21. Consoling a Cousin Suppose, you are Sopna. Your cousin, Rahela lives in Dhaka. She is suffering from Dengue fever. Now, write a letter consoling her not to worry about it. Question No. 9 (Or): Email Instructions : Write an email for each of the following scenarios. 1. Benefits of Reading Newspapers Suppose, you are Ratul. Write an e-mail to your younger brother narrating the benefits of reading newspapers daily. Source:   [DB-2019] 2. Progress of Studies Suppose, you are Sohana/Sohan. Write an e-mail to your father telling him about your progress of studies. Source:   [CB-2019] 3. Taking Part in Games and Sports Suppose, you are Shamim, Rifat is your younger brother. Write an e-mail to your younger brother advising him to take part in games and sports regularly. Source:   [RB-2019] 4. Preparing for the Examination Suppose, your younger brother Kamal is an HSC Examinee. Now, write an e-mail telling him to study seriously to be well prepared for the ensuing examination. Source:   [DjB-2019] 5. Inviting a Pen Friend Suppose, you have a pen friend living in Canada. Now, write an e-mail inviting him to visit your country. Source:   [JB-2019] 6. Requesting the Examination Routine Write an e-mail to your friend requesting him/her to send you the routine of the HSC Examination-2019. Source:   [CtgB-2019] 7. Reassuring Your Mother Suppose, you have got an e-mail from your mother who is worried about your preparation for the upcoming HSC examination. Now, reply her to make her relieved of her tension. Source:   [SB-2019] 8. Congratulating on a Debate Competition Win Suppose, your friend got first prize on debate competition. Write an e-mail congratulating him. Source:   [HSC Exam 2018 (Kha Set): CtgB-2017] 9. Scenic Beauty of Bangladesh Suppose, you are Rafa. Write an e-mail to your foreign friend narrating the scenic beauty of Bangladesh. Source:   [HSC Exam-2018 (Ka set)] 10. Preparation for the HSC Examination Suppose, you are Tanzim. Now, write an e-mail to your friend telling him about how you have prepared yourself for the ensuing HSC Examination. Source:   [JB-2017] 11. Replying to a Picnic Invitation Suppose, you are Simi. Your friend Zakia sent you an e-mail inviting you to join a picnic at Bangabandhu Safari Park in Gazipur. Now, write a reply to the email. Source:   [SB-2017] 12. Thanking for a Birthday Present Suppose, you are Anis. Your e-mail ID is anis24@yahoo.com . You have a friend, Rafia. Her e-mail ID is rafia24@gmail.com . Now, write an e-mail thanking her for sending a nice present on your seventeenth birthday celebration. Source:   [BB-2017] 13. Congratulating on Brilliant Success Write an e-mail to your friend congratulating him on his brilliant success in the HSC Examination. 14. Refraining from Smoking Suppose, you are Tania. Now, write an e-mail to your younger brother advising him to refrain from smoking. 15. Returning a Borrowed Book Suppose, you are Ifti. Write an e-mail to your friend Rabbi asking him to return the book which he borrowed from you a month ago. 16. Invitation to a Marriage Ceremony Write an email to your friend inviting him/her to the marriage ceremony of your sister. 17. Importance of Early Rising Suppose, you are Roni/Rani. Your friend Nabil/Nabila lives in Cumilla. Now, write an e-mail to your friend about the importance of early rising. 18. Warning About Chikungunya Suppose, 'Chikungunya' disease has become epidemic in the country. Send an email to your younger brother warning him about this infectious disease. 19. Annual Prize Giving Ceremony Write an e-mail to your friend describing the annual prize giving ceremony of your college. 20. Bangladesh and Her People Write an e-mail to your pen friend Suzana of England about Bangladesh and her people. 21. Condolence Message Suppose, you have a bosom friend named Robi. Recently, he has lost his father. Now, send a condolence massage to your friend using his e-mail address. 22. Importance of Learning English Suppose, you are Shovon. You have a friend named Shormi. She is a student of Class XI but she is not interested at all to learn English. Now, send an e-mail to him about the importance of learning English in all stages of life. Question No. 10: Analysing Map/Graph/Chart Instructions : Analyze the following maps, graphs, and charts. Describe the information presented in at least 80 words, highlighting the main features and trends. 1. Mobile Phone and Internet Users in Bangladesh (2014-2018) The chart below shows the number of mobile phone and Internet users in Bangladesh, from the year 2014 to 2018. 2014:  Mobile phone users - 115 million, Internet users - 15 million 2015:  Mobile phone users - 122 million, Internet users - 19 million 2016:  Mobile phone users - 132 million, Internet users - 21 million 2017:  Mobile phone users - 130 million, Internet users - 67 million 2018:  Mobile phone users - 140 million, Internet users - 81 million Source:   [DB-2019] 2. The Internet Users (2000-2009) The graph below shows 'The Internet Users' from 2000 to 2009. The number is mentioned in lakh. 2000:  0.003 lakh 2002:  1.5 lakh 2003:  2.43 lakh 2005:  3.00 lakh 2007:  5.00 lakh 2008:  5.56 lakh 2009:  6.17 lakh Source:   [CB-2019; RB-2017] 3. Choice of Profession by Educated People The graph chart shows the choice of profession by educated people in our country. Farming:  10% Business:  20% Govt. job:  60% Research work:  10% Banking:  40% Teaching:  30% Source:   [JB-2019; CigB-2017] 4. Transportation Ways in Bangladesh The pie-chart below shows the percentage of travellers in Bangladesh travelling in different transportation ways per day. Land vehicles:  75% Train:  10% Launch and Steamer:  8% Bicycle and others:  2% Boats:  5% Source:   [RB-2019] 5. Sources of Environment Pollution Look at the chart below. It shows the sources of environment pollution in a city. Industrial wastes and toxic chemicals:  60% Vehicles:  15% Household wastes:  15% Power house:  2% Others:  8% Source:   [DjB-2019] 6. Sources of Air Pollution The chart below shows the sources of air pollution in a city. Vehicles:  60% Industry:  18% Power Plant:  13% Heating or using AC:  6% Waste disposal:  3% Source:   [CigB-2019] 7. Increase in Overseas Students The graph below shows an increase in the number of overseas students at the universities which usually takes place over a period of time. 1995:  ~250 2000:  ~250 2005:  ~320 2010:  ~850 2015:  ~1100 2020:  ~1150 Source:   [SB-2019] 8. Internet Users in Town and Village (2010-2015) The graph below shows 'The number of Internet users in town and village from 2010 to 2015'. 2010:  Town - 10%, Village - 4% 2011:  Town - 14%, Village - 5% 2012:  Town - 20%, Village - 8% 2013:  Town - 27%, Village - 13% 2014:  Town - 35%, Village - 20% 2015:  Town - 45%, Village - 25% Source:   [BB-2019] 9. People Living Below the Poverty Line (1995-2010) The graph below shows 'the number of people living below the poverty line' from 1995 to 2010. 1995:  35% 2004:  45% 2008:  30% 2010:  28% Source:   [HSC Exam-2018 (Kha set); JB-2017] 10. Literacy Rate of Bangladesh (1995-2010) The graph below shows the literacy rate of Bangladesh from 1995 to 2010. 1995:  38.1% 2000:  56% 2001:  47.9% 2003:  43.1% 2010:  56.8% Source:   [HSC Exam-2018 (Ka set)] 11. Time Allocation of Students' Daily Activities The pie chart below shows the time allocation of students' daily activities. sleep:  30% school and house:  25% study:  20% recreation:  12% others:  8% play:  5% Source:   [CB-2017] 12. Family's Household Income Distribution Look at the chart below. It shows the sources of air pollution in a city. Food:  25% Education:  22% Saving:  15% Clothes:  13% Transport:  12% Others:  8% Power:  5% Source:   [DjB-2017] 13. Family's Household Income Distribution The pie-chart below shows the percentage of a family's household income distributed into different categories. Food:  25% Education:  22% Saving:  15% Clothes:  13% Transport:  12% Others:  8% Power:  5% Source:   [BB-2017] 14. Violence Against Married Women The graph below shows the percentage of 15-19 and 20-24 year old married women in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh who have experienced physical or sexual violence. Urban (15-19):  Physical violence - 35.3%, Sexual violence - 11.8% Urban (20-24):  Physical violence - 45.2%, Sexual violence - 16.8% Rural (15-19):  Physical violence - 39.8%, Sexual violence - 22.2% Rural (20-24):  Physical violence - 42.3%, Sexual violence - 20.2% Source:   Health Profile of Adolescents and Youth in Bangladesh, Govt. of Bngaladesh, 2007, page-23 15. Average Temperature in Bangladesh (2017) The graph below shows the average temperature of the year 2017 in Bangladesh. Jan:  10°C Feb:  18°C Mar:  31°C April:  30°C May:  32°C June:  36°C July:  36°C Aug:  33°C Sept:  34°C Oct:  28°C Nov:  25°C Dec:  16°C 16. Pastime Activities of Students (1990-2010) Look at the following graph. It shows different types of pastime activities of the students of Bangladesh from 1990 to 2010. 1990:  Watching TV - 40%, Games and Sports - 50%, Online Programme - 10% 2000:  Watching TV - 48%, Games and Sports - 40%, Online Programme - 15% 2010:  Watching TV - 55%, Games and Sports - 30%, Online Programme - 25% 17. Literacy Rate of Bangladesh Look at the following graph. It shows the literacy rate of Bangladesh in different years. 18. Road Accidents in Bangladesh (2009-2013) The graph below shows the number of road accidents in Bangladesh. 2009:  No. of Accident - 2631, Killed - 2498, Injured - 2325 2010:  No. of Accident - 2254, Killed - 2108, Injured - 1661 2011:  No. of Accident - 2054, Killed - 2119, Injured - 1374 2012:  No. of Accident - 1979, Killed - 2063, Injured - 1904 2013:  No. of Accident - 1525, Killed - 1543, Injured - 1247 19. HSC Exam Results of ABC College (2012-2016) The graph below shows the results of HSC exam of ABC College from 2012 to 2016. 2012:  Passed - ~65%, GPA 5 - ~15% 2013:  Passed - ~78%, GPA 5 - ~17% 2014:  Passed - ~82%, GPA 5 - ~25% 2015:  Passed - ~88%, GPA 5 - ~12% 2016:  Passed - ~95%, GPA 5 - ~32% 20. Book Sales at Ekushey Boi Mela (2016) Look at the following graph. It shows a comparative selling rate of four types of books in Ekushey Boi Mela 2016. Science fiction:  ~3000 Novel:  ~4500 History:  ~2500 Poetry:  ~500 21. Reasons for Not Taking Treatment The graph below shows the major reasons for not taking treatment. Lack of money:  Male - 37.1%, Female - 38.8% Disease was not serious:  Male - 15%, Female - 14.2% Disease was tolerable:  Male - 9.5%, Female - 8% Inconvenience of transport:  Male - 8.9%, Female - 8.1% Often absence of medical personnel in hospital:  Male - 21.1%, Female - 19% 22. Infant Mortality Rate in Bangladesh (2005-2013) The graph below shows the Infant Mortality Rate in Bangladesh. 2005:  62.6 2007:  59.12 2009:  59 2011:  50.73 2013:  47.5 23. Benefits of Girls' Education The chart below shows the benefits of girls' education. Improved health and nutrition Reduced population growth Increased economic productivity Sustained development efforts 24. Population Growth Rate of Bangladesh (2009-2013) The graphs below show "Population Growth Rate" from 2009 to 2013. 2009:  2.80% 2010:  2.16% 2011:  1.90% 2012:  2.10% 2013:  1.33% 25. Types of Books in a College Library Look at the pie-chart below. It shows the percentage of the types of books in a college library. Suppose, there are 10,000 books altogether in the library. Literature:  30% Others:  20% Science:  18% Philosophy:  12% Math:  12% History:  8% 26. Monthly Expenses of a Family Look at the chart. It shows the distribution of the percentages of a family's income into different categories. Others:  35% Food:  22% Education:  20% Rent:  15% Transport:  8% 27. Export and Import Rate of Bangladesh (2008-2012) The graph below shows the export and import rate of Bangladesh from 2008 to 2012. 2008:  Export - 18.43, Import - 20.5 2009:  Export - 16.1, Import - 21.65 2010:  Export - 15.46, Import - 22.4 2011:  Export - 14.78, Import - 33.3 2012:  Export - 13.67, Import - 25.45 28. Household Income of Mrs. Hamid The pie chart shows the distribution of household income of Mrs Hamid. Accommodation:  23% Clothing:  11% Telephone and Internet:  9% Children's Education cost:  9% Transportation:  7% Traveling Abroad:  7% Question No. 11: Appreciating Short Stories/Poems Instructions : Write down the theme of the following poems and short stories. 1. Poem: "The Lake Isle of Innisfree" I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree, And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made; Nine bean rows will I have there, a hive for the honey bee And live alone in the bee loud glade. And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings. There midnight's all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow, And evening full of the linnet's wings I will arise and go now, for always night and day I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore; While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements grey, I hear it in the deep heart's core. Source:   [DB-2019: DjB-2019;RB-2018] 2. Poem: "Dreams" Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. 'Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. Source:   [BB-2019 JB-2017] 3. Poem: "I died for beauty, but was scarce" I died for beauty, but was scarce Adjusted in the tomb, When one who died for truth was lain In an adjoining room. He questioned softly why I failed? "For beauty," I replied. "And for truth- the two are one; We brethren are", he said. And so, as kinsmen met a night, We talked between the rooms, Until the moss had reached our lips, And covered up our names. Source:   [CB-2019] 4. Poem: "September 1, 1939" I sit in one of the dives On fifty second street- Uncertain and afraid As the clever hopes expire, Of a low dishonest decade Waves of anger and fear Circulate over the bright And darkened lands of the earth. Obsessing our private lives; The unmentionable odour of death Offends the September night. Source:   [RB-2019] [CtgB-2019] 5. Poem: "I wandered lonely as a cloud" I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dartcing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. Source:   [JB-2019] 6. Poem: "My heart leaps up" My heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky; So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I shall grow old, Or let me die! The child is father of the Man; And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety. 7. Poem: "Who is blind?" If you fail to see the person But only see the disability, Then who is blind? If you cannot hear Your brother's Cry for justice, Who is deaf? If you do not communicate With your sister But separate her from you, Who is the mentally handicapped? If you do not stand up For the rights of all persons, Who is the crippled? Your attitude Towards persons with disabilities May be our biggest handicap. Source:   [SB-2019] 8. Poem: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind" Blow, blow, thou winter wind, Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude; Thy tooth is not so keen Because thou art not seen Although thy breath be rude. Heigh-ho! sing heigh-ho! unto the green holly; Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly: Then heigh-ho, the holly! This life is most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As benefits forgot; Source:   [HSC Exam 2018 (Ka Set); BB-2017] 9. Poem: "Time, you old gipsy man" Time, you old gipsy man, Will you not stay, Put up your caravan Just for one day? All things I'll give you, Will you be my guest? Bells for your jennet Of silver the best. Goldsmiths shall beat you A great golden ring, Peacocks shall bow to you, Little boys sing. Oh, and sweet girls will Festoon you with May, TIME, you old gipsy; Why hasten away? Source:   [HSC Exam 2018 (Kha Set); DjB-2017] 10. Poem: "The School Boy" O father and mother if buds are nipped, And blossoms blown away; And if the tender plants are stripped Of their joy in the springing day, By sorrow and care's dismay,- How shall the summer arise in joy, Or the summer fruits appear? Or how shall we gather what griefs destroy, Or bless the mellowing year, When the blasts of winter appear? Source:   [DB-2017] 11. Poem: "The School Boy" I love to rise in a summer morn, When the birds sing on every tree; The distant huntsman winds his horn, And the skylark sings with me: O what sweet company! But to go to school in a summer morn,- O it drives all joy away! Under a cruel eye outworn, The little ones spend the day In sighing and dismay. Ah! then at times I drooping sit, And spend many an anxious hour; Nor in my book can I take delight, Nor sit in learning's bower Worn through with the dreary shower. How can the bird that is born for joy Sit in a cage and sing? How can a child, when fears annoy, But droop his tender wing, And forget his youthful spring! Source:   [CB-2017] 12. Poem: "Under the greenwood tree" Under the greenwood tree Who loves to lie with me, And turn his merry note Unto the sweet bird's throat, Come hither, come hither, come hither: Here shall he see No enemy But winter and rough weather. Who doth ambition shun, And loves to live i' the sun, Seeking the food he eats, And pleas'd with what he gets, Come hither, come hither, come hither: Here shall he see No enemy But winter and rough weather. Source:   [SB-2017] 13. Poem: "All people dream" All people dream, but not equally. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind, Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity. But the dreamers of the day are dangerous people, For they dream their dreams with open eyes, And make them come true. 14. Poem: "The Charge of the Light Brigade" Half a league, half a league, Half a league onward, All in the valley of Death, Rode the six hundred. 'Forward, the Light Brigade! Charge for the guns' he said: Into the valley of Death Rode the six hundred. 15. Poem: "Bengal's Face" Because I have seen Bengal's face I will seek no more; The world has not anything more beautiful to show me. Waking up in darkness, gazing at the fig-tree, I behold Dawn's swallows roosting under huge umbrella-like leaves. I look around me And discover a leafy dome-Jam, Kanthal, Bat, Hijol and Aswatha trees- All in a hush, shadowing clumps of cactus and zedoary bushes. When long, long ago, Chand came in his honeycombed boat. To a blue Hijal, Bat and Tamal shade near the Champa, he too sighted Bengal's incomparable beauty. One day, alas. In the Ganguri, On a raft, as the waning moon sank on the river's sandbanks, Behula too saw countless aswaths bats besides golden rice fields. And heard the thrush's soft song. One day, arriving in Amara, Where gods held court, when she danced like a desolate wagtail, Bengal's rivers, fields, flowers, wailed like strings of bells on her feet. 16. Poem: "To Daffodils" Fair Daffodils, We weep to see You haste away so soon; As yet the early-rising sun Has not attain his noon Stay, stay, Until the hasting day Has run But to the even-spong. And, having pray'd together, we Will go with you along. We have short time to stay, as you, We have as short spring.. As quick a growth to meet decay, As you, or anything. We die As your hours do, and dry away, Like to the summer's rain: Or as the pearls of morning's dew, Ne'er to be found again. 17. Poem: "Leisure" What is this life if, full of care, We have no time to stand and stare. No time to stand beneath the boughs And stare as long as sheep or cows. No time to see, when woods we pass, Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass. No time to see, in broad day light, Streams full of stars, like skies at night. A poor life this is if, full of care, We have no time to stand and stare. 18. Poem: "The Traffic Police" Amidst killer speeds I stand Facing the traffic, stretching my hand. I am seen on kids' books and as cartoons everywhere Educating people and asking them to beware Of the erratic traffic and the signboards Seen on almost all the roads. So that you're safe I see each one of you But my sweat, my plight on the road sees who? Be it sunny or rainy, For your safety I must be Vigil and agile, on the middle Standing erect, as fit as a fiddle. Oh! My ear hurts! Oh! My head aches! Oh! Look at the weather...such unpredictable days! But I cannot swerve; I must be on duty, I care for your safety. Be it noisy or dusty; Be it sunny or rainy; I must be on duty. I care for your safety. 19. Poem: "Life" Life is a challenge - meet it. Life is a gift accept it. Life is an adventure dare it. Life is a sorrow overcome it. Life is a tragedy - accept it. Life is a duty-perform it. Life is a game play it. Life is a mystery - unfold it. Life is a song-sing it. Life is an opportunity - take it. Life is a promise - fulfil it. Life is a struggle - fight it. Life is a puzzle - solve it. 20. Poem: "The Road Not Taken" Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveller, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth. Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same. And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less travelled by, And that has made all the difference. 21. Poem: "Death, be not proud" Death, be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so: For those whom thou think'st thou dost overthrow Die not, poor Death; nor yet canst thou kill me, From Rest and Sleep, which but thy picture be, Much pleasure, then from thee much more must flow; And soonest our best men with thee do go- Rest of their bones and souls' delivery! Thou'rt slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate men. And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell; And poppy or charms can make us sleep as well And better than thy stroke. Why swell'st thou then? One short sleep past, we wake eternally, And Death shall be no more: Death, thou shalt die! 22. Short Story: "The Two Brothers" There were two brothers in a village. One was Karim by name and the other was Bashir. Karim was elder brother of Bashir. They began to grow up gradually. Suddenly their father died. They fell in problem to some extent. Karim was cleverer than Bashir. The younger was very simple and honest. Karim always made his brother do difficult work and himself did not do any work. They had two things. One was a cow and the other was a palm tree. One day the two brothers divided their properties. Karim took the back part of the cow and gave the front to his brother. In the same way, Karim himself took the top of the palm tree and gave the bottom to his brother. Karim began to enjoy the benefit of the properties. But Bashir was deprived of getting any advantage. Karim began to drink milk and juice of the palm tree. One day a clever man in the village, advised Bashir to cut down the palm tree of his own portion and stop feeding the cow. Then the problem was solved. Source:   [CtgB-2017] 23. Short Story: "The Boy with a Bad Temper" There once was a young boy with a very bad temper. The boy's father wanted to teach him a lesson, so he gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper he must hammer a nail into their wooden fence. On the first day of this lesson, the little boy had driven 37 nails into the fence. He was really mad! Over the course of the next few weeks, the little boy began to control his temper, so the number of nails that were hammered into the fence dramatically decreased. It wasn't long before the little boy discovered it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence. Then, the day finally came when the little boy didn't lose his temper even once, and he became so proud of himself, he couldn't wait to tell his father.Pleased, his father suggested that he now pull out one nail for each day that he could hold his temper.Several weeks went by and the day finally came when the yonng boy was ablve to tell his father that all the nails were gone. Very gently, the father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. "You have done very well, my son," he smiled, "but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same." The little boy listened carefully as his father continued to speak. "When you say things in anger, they leave permanent scars just like these. And no matter how many times you say you're sorry, the wounds will still be there." 24. Short Story: "The Father and Daughter" A little girl and her father were crossing a bridge. Father was kind of scared so he asked his daughter, "Sweetheart, please hold my hand so that you don't fall into the river." The little girl said, "No, dad. You hold my hand." "What's the difference?" asked the puzzled father. "There's big difference," replied the little girl. "If I hold your hand and something happens to me, chances are that I may let your hand go. But if you hold my hand, I know for sure that no matter what happens, you will never let my hand go." 25. Short Story: "Sir Isaac Newton and the Egg" All the scientists are usually absorbed in thinking deeply. Sir Isaac Newton used to be deeply occupied with study of the difficult problems. He used to forget about the daily necessaries of his life. On one occasion, he was very much engaged with some problems. He was in his laboratory at that time. He felt hungry and wanted to eat something. He called his maid-servant and told her to bring an egg. After a while, the maid came back with an egg and wanted to know what to do. He was then absorbed in a deep experiment. So, he gesticulated at her to keep the egg on the table. The servant kept the egg there and went away. Then Newton again became busy with his work. Suddenly, it appeared in his mind that he should eat the egg. For this, he fired the burner and put a pot of water on it to boil the egg. When the water started boiling, he wanted to put the egg into the pot. But he put his watch into the boiling water instead of egg forgetfully. He again returned to experiment and when his conscience returned, he found his watch in the pot still boiling. This is one of the best examples of attention of the great men like Newton. And this is the key point for their great achievement. 26. Short Story: "The Island of Feelings" Once upon a time, there was an island where all the feelings lived: Happiness, Sadness, Knowledge, and all of the others, including Love. One day, it was announced to the feelings that the island would sink, so all the feelings prepared their boats to leave the island except Love. Love was the only one who stayed. Love wanted to hold out until the last possible moment. When the island had almost sunk, Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing by in a grand boat. Love said, "Richness, can you take me with you?" Richness answered, "No, I can't. There is a lot of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place here for you." Love decided to ask Vanity who was also passing by in a beautiful vessel. "Vanity, please help me!" "I can't help you, Love. You are all wet and might damage my boat," Vanity answered. Sadness was close by, so Love asked, "Sadness, let me go with you." "Oh... Love, I am so sad that I need to be by myself!" Happiness passed by Love, too, but she was so happy that she did not even hear when Love called her. Suddenly, there was a voice, "Come, Love, I will take you." It was an elder. So blessed and overjoyed, Love even forgot to ask the name of the elder. When they arrived at a dry land, the elder went his own way. Realising how much she owed the elder, Love asked Knowledge, another elder, "Who helped me?" "It was Time," Knowledge answered. 27. Short Story: "Belling the Cat" A large number of mice lived in a farm. Once, an old cat arrived at the place. It spread terror among the mice. None dared to come outside in fear of death. All the mice of the mouse-colony decided to hold a conference to seek a solution. Taking advantage of the cat's absence, one day mice of all ages got together in a conference. Each one put forward a suggestion, but none of the ideas was really practical. "Let's make a big trap," one mouse suggested. This idea was turned down and, another said, "What about poisoning her?" But nobody knew which poison could kill cats. One young widow, whose husband had fallen prey to the ferocious cat, angrily proposed, "Let's cut her claws and teeth, so that she can do no more harm." But the conference did not approve of the widow's idea. At last, a mouse, wiser than others, waving a bell, called for silence. "We'll tie this bell to the cat's neck, so we'll always know where she is! We'll have time to escape." All of the mice clapped at the wise mouse's words and everyone congratulated him on his good idea. However, the wise mouse rang the bell again for silence. "We must decide who's going to bell the cat," he said. There was no sound except a faint murmur: "I can't because........." Nobody was brave enough to come forward to materialise the idea and the conference ended in smoke. 28. Short Story: "The Monkey and the Elephant" One day, a monkey was playing beside a river. He saw a big elephant coming. He picked up a stone and hid behind a tree. When the elephant came nearer, he threw the stone at him. The stone hit the elephant on the back. Then the monkey hid behind the tree again. The elephant turned round and cried angrily, "Hey. who's there stoning at me!" However, the elephant could not see any animal. Shaking his big head, the elephant walked on. The naughty monkey smiled. He picked up another stone and threw it at the elephant again. This time, the stone hit the elephant on the head. The elephant turned round quickly. This time, he saw the monkey. The monkey was hiding behind the tree. Now, the elephant knew who had hit him. He said, "Oh, you naughty monkey! I must teach you a good lesson." He went to the river nearby. He put the trunk into the river. When the trunk was full of water, he went near the monkey. When the monkey saw the elephant coming, he climbed up the tree. He laughed at the elephant. The elephant lifted his trunk. He sprayed the water with full force on the monkey. The monkey was wet all over. He could not open his eyes. He cried out in severe pain. Now, the elephant laughed at the monkey. The monkey fell down on the ground. At last, he died. 29. Short Story: "The Jar of Life" A philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the table in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly he picked up a very large and empty glass jar and proceeded to fill it with rocks about 2 inches in diameter. He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that it was. So, the professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the open areas between the rocks. He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed it was. The professor picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up the remaining open areas of the jar. He then asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous "Yes." "Now," said the professor, "I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The rocks are the important things your family, your partner, your health, and your children things that if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The pebbles are the other things that matter - like your job, your house, your car. The sand is everything else, the small stuff." "If you put the sand into the jar first," he continued, "there is no room for the pebbles or the rocks. The same goes for your life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take your partner out dancing. There will always be time to go to work, clean the house, give a dinner party, or fix the disposal." "Take care of the rocks first; the rest is just sand." 30. Short Story: "The Two Friends" John and James were best friends. They fought for many reasons and but never gave up their friendship. They went in search of a job and visited many places to earn more money. They passed through various places, villages, towns, forests and beaches. They were supporting each other all the way throughout their journey. One day, they reached a desert. They had a very little food and water. John told James that they should save the food and water for later use. However, James disagreed. He wanted to drink the water as he was very thirsty. They quarrelled with each other over water. John slapped James and they walked in silence. They decided to have food and continue their journey. James wrote on the sand, 'My best friend slapped me!?’ They shared the meager amount of food and water and finally reached an oasis. They were very tired after passing through the dry and hot desert. James was so happy to see the oasis and had a lot of fun in the water. While they both were bathing, James was a bit careless and began to drown. John rushed to him and saved him. James hugged his friend and thanked him. They had a little nap and decided to leave the place. When they were about to leave, James carved something on the rock. It was "My best friend saved my life!" John asked, "Why are you marking all these here, James?" James replied, "You slapped me, I wrote on the sand. It was definitely not good. However, if you go. and see the sand, you can find no letter written in the sand. Now, I carved the good thing on the stone, and it will remain forever!" 31. Short Story: "The Vain Jackdaw" A jackdaw was so proud of his fine coat of black feathers that he thought himself too grand to live among the other jackdaws. He picked up a number of beautiful feathers that had fallen from a peacock's tail. Then he carefully adorned himself with them. Then this vain jackdaw walked up to a family of peacocks, as though he were one of them. The peacocks soon found out that he was only a jackdaw, so they quickly set upon him and drove him away. Then the jackdaw returned to his own friends, but they were so offended that they refused to have anything more to do with him.

SSC English Second Paper Model Question- 7 English Second paper Total Marks - 100 Time : 3 Hours (Answer all the questions. Figures in the margin indicate full marks.) Part-A: Grammar (Marks 60) 1. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words. You may need to use one word more than once.  (1×10=10) dream, of, the, in, towards, from, up, middle, childhood, through My village lies in (a) __________ heart of a green valley. It is far (b) __________ the noise and bustle of towns. During my (c) __________, I often roamed in the fields barefoot. Those memories shine brightly (d) __________ my mind even now. Every corner of the village is filled with love and (e) __________. I often sit (f) __________ the night remembering those golden days. My house was close to (g) __________ river, and I used to swim there with my friends. We had no fear (h) __________ anything. We would wander freely (i) __________ the woods and climb trees to pick mangoes. I grew (j) __________ in that village with dreams bigger than the sky. 2. Make five sentences using parts of sentences from each column of the table below.  (1×5=5) A B C The boy is carrying a basket of ripe guavas. They are playing football on the school ground. The teacher is very strict about homework. She has bought a new umbrella for the rainy season. His friends are coming to his house this evening. 3. Complete the following text with right forms of the verbs given in the box.  (1×10=10) see, wake, look, go, hear, sleep, open, start, run, stop Last night I (a) __________ from a deep sleep by a loud noise. I (b) __________ around and (c) __________ towards the window. I (d) __________ the door and (e) __________ outside. To my surprise, I (f) __________ a group of people (g) __________ on the road. I (h) __________ someone shouting. Suddenly, everything (i) __________ and I (j) __________ back to bed. 4. Change the sentences according to the directions given in brackets.   (1×10=10) (a) Truthfulness is a noble virtue. (Make Exclamatory Sentence) (b) Everyone respects an honest man. (Make Negative Sentence) (c) He is one of the most reliable persons. (Make Complex Sentence) (d) We should follow honesty. (Make Interrogative Sentence) (e) Very few people are as trustworthy as he is. (Make Simple Sentence) (f) By speaking the truth, you can gain others' trust. (Make Compound Sentence) (g) A truthful person leads a peaceful life. (Make Exclamatory Sentence) (h) No other boy in the class is as punctual as Rafi. (Make Affirmative Sentence) (i) Everyone should practise honesty. (Make Negative Sentence) (j) So, we must tell the truth. (Make Complex Sentence) 5. Make tag questions for these statements.  (1×5=5) Rahman is concerned about his health. He shared his thoughts with his brother. He wants to live a healthy life, (a) __________?He eats fresh fruits every day, (b) __________?He never skips breakfast, (c) __________?He has also joined a gym, (d) __________?He’ll try to continue his routine, (e) __________? 6. Complete the text by adding suffixes, prefixes, or both to the root words given in the parentheses.  (1×5=5) We must try to solve our social (a) __________ (responsible) with care. If people become (b) __________ (aware) of their duties, the problems will remain. Only (c) __________ (co-operate) efforts can lead us to success. We should also focus on (d) __________ (moral) education. Our failure to do so results in (e) __________ (stable) in society. 7. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions.  (1×5=5) I don't agree (a) __________ your opinion. You must think (b) __________ it carefully. We should be confident (c) __________ our decisions. We need to depend (d) __________ our experience. And we should avoid arguing (e) __________ unnecessary matters. 8. Complete the passage using suitable connectors.  (1×5=5) Air pollution is increasing day by day. (a) __________, the number of vehicles is growing rapidly. (b) __________, factories release smoke into the air. (c) __________, people cut down trees that purify the air. (d) __________, the use of plastic and burning of waste materials add to the problem. (e) __________, we all must work together to solve this crisis. 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.  (5 Marks) where are you going said the teacher to the student the student replied i am going home early today the teacher asked why are you leaving before time the student said my mother is sick and i need to take care of her Part B: Writing (Marks 40) 10. Write a paragraph of 250 words on "My Favourite Hobby".  (10 Marks) 11. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school for a transfer certificate.  (10 Marks) 12. Write a composition about "Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phones".  (20 Marks)             Key ✅ Answer Key Part A 1.  (a) the (b) from (c) childhood (d) in (e) dream (f) through (g) the (h) of (i) in (j) up 2. (a) The boy is carrying a basket of ripe guavas.(b) They are playing football on the school ground.(c) The teacher is very strict about homework.(d) She has bought a new umbrella for the rainy season.(e) His friends are coming to his house this evening. 3.  (a) was woken (b) looked (c) looked (d) opened (e) went (f) saw (g) running (h) heard (i) stopped (j) went 4. (a) What a noble virtue truthfulness is!(b) Nobody disrespects an honest man.(c) He is so reliable that few are as much.(d) Shouldn’t we follow honesty?(e) He is a very trustworthy person.(f) You speak the truth, and you can gain others' trust.(g) What a peaceful life a truthful person leads!(h) Rafi is the most punctual boy in the class.(i) Nobody should avoid practising honesty.(j) So, we must tell the truth if we want peace. 5. (a) doesn’t he?(b) doesn’t he?(c) does he?(d) hasn’t he?(e) won’t he? 6. (a) responsibilities(b) unaware(c) cooperative(d) moral(e) instability 7. (a) with(b) about(c) in(d) on(e) over 8. (a) For example(b) Besides(c) Moreover(d) Furthermore(e) Therefore 9. "Where are you going?" said the teacher to the student.The student replied, "I am going home early today."The teacher asked, "Why are you leaving before time?"The student said, "My mother is sick and I need to take care of her."       Part-B Search writing items in the search bar of www.babarenglish.com

Test Your English Grammar Level Intermediate Grammar Test (MCQ) Instructions:  Choose the best option (A, B, C, or D) to complete each sentence. If I had more time, I _______ join a gym to get in shape. A) will B) would C) can D) have She has been working here _______ five years. A) since B) for C) at D) on How _______ sugar do you take in your coffee? A) many B) much C) few D) some This is the best movie I _______. A) have ever seen B) ever saw C) did ever see D) am ever seeing My friend asked me what _______ doing. A) I am B) am I C) I was D) was I You _______ forget to pay your bills on time. A) don't have to B) couldn't C) mustn't D) might not The new stadium _______ by a famous architect. A) was designed B) designed C) has designed D) is designing I enjoy _______ to music while I study. A) to listen B) listen C) listening D) listened We arrived _______ the airport just in time for our flight. A) in B) on C) at D) to He is much _______ than his brother. A) more tall B) taller C) tallest D) the tallest Unless you _______ harder, you will not pass the exam. A) don't study B) will study C) study D) studied I'm not very good _______ playing tennis. A) on B) with C) for D) at _______ you finish your homework, you can watch TV. A) Before B) During C) After D) While There isn't _______ milk left in the fridge. A) some B) any C) a lot D) many My car _______ down on the way to work yesterday. A) break B) broke C) has broken D) was breaking She's from Italy, _______? A) is she B) isn't she C) does she D) doesn't she He decided _______ a new job. A) to find B) finding C) find D) for finding That's the woman _______ dog bit me last week. A) which B) who C) whom D) whose If it _______ tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. A) will rain B) is raining C) rains D) rained I wish I _______ speak French fluently. A) can B) could C) will D) am able This book is _______ interesting than the last one I read. A) much B) more C) most D) the most We _______ to the cinema, but we haven't decided which film to see yet. A) will go B) are going C) go D) went You look tired. You _______ go to bed early. A) should B) must to C) have D) may He was cooking dinner when the phone _______. A) was ringing B) has rung C) rang D) ringed _______ Amazon is the longest river in the world. A) A B) An C) The D) No article needed I am used to _______ up early in the morning. A) get B) getting C) have gotten D) got This is _______ difficult exercise in the whole book. A) more B) the more C) most D) the most The meeting will be held _______ Tuesday morning. A) in B) at C) on D) by By the time the police arrived, the thief _______. A) had escaped B) has escaped C) escaped D) was escaping I'd rather _______ at home than go out tonight. A) to stay B) staying C) stay D) stayed Answer Key B  (would) B  (for) B  (much) A  (have ever seen) C  (I was) C  (mustn't) A  (was designed) C  (listening) C  (at) B  (taller) C  (study) D  (at) C  (After) B  (any) B  (broke) B  (isn't she) A  (to find) D  (whose) C  (rains) B  (could) B  (more) B  (are going) A  (should) C  (rang) C  (The) B  (getting) D  (the most) C  (on) A  (had escaped) C  (stay)

Mammals (স্তন্যপায়ী প্রাণী) Dog  🐕 Meaning : To follow someone closely and persistently (নাছোড়বান্দার মতো অনুসরণ করা). Example : The reporter dogged  the celebrity through the airport, shouting questions. Wolf  🐺 Meaning : To eat food very quickly and greedily (গোগ্রাসে খাওয়া). Example : After the long hike, he wolfed  down his entire meal in under a minute. Fox  🦊 Meaning : To deceive or trick someone using cleverness (ধোঁকা দেওয়া বা প্রতারণা করা). Example : The con artist managed to fox  the investors out of their money. Bear  🐻 Meaning : To carry, support, or endure something difficult (বহন করা বা সহ্য করা). Example : She had to bear  the responsibility for the entire project. Badger Meaning : To annoy or pester someone with repeated questions (বারবার প্রশ্ন করে বিরক্ত করা). Example : The children kept badgering  their parents for ice cream. Weasel Meaning : To avoid a responsibility in a sneaky way (ধূর্তভাবে দায়িত্ব এড়ানো). Example : He tried to weasel  out of his promise to help me move. Horse  🐴 Meaning : To play around in a rough or foolish way (হুল্লোড় করা বা লাফালাফি করা). Example : "Stop horsing  around and finish your homework," said the father. Monkey  🐒 Meaning : To tamper or meddle with something mischievously (উল্টাপাল্টা করা). Example : Someone has been monkeying  with the computer settings again. Rat  🐀 Meaning : To inform on someone to an authority (গোপন কথা ফাঁস করে দেওয়া). Example : He ratted  on his accomplice to get a lighter sentence. Squirrel  🐿️ Meaning : To hide or store something away for future use (ভবিষ্যতের জন্য জমানো). Example : She squirreled  away half of her paycheck each month to save for a new car. Ferret Meaning : To search for something tenaciously until it is found (অত্যন্ত চেষ্টার সাথে খুঁজে বের করা). Example : The journalist was determined to ferret  out the truth behind the scandal. Birds (পাখি) Duck  🦆 Meaning : To lower your head or body quickly to avoid something (হঠাৎ মাথা নিচু করা). Example : He had to duck  to avoid being hit by the flying ball. Crane Meaning : To stretch your neck out to see something more clearly (গলা লম্বা করে দেখা). Example : She craned  her neck to get a better view of the parade. Crow Meaning : To boast or talk happily about an achievement (দম্ভ করা বা বড়াই করা). Example : He was crowing  about his team's victory all day long. Parrot  🦜 Meaning : To repeat someone else's words without understanding (না বুঝে তোতাপাখির মতো বলা). Example : Instead of forming his own opinion, he just parrots  everything he hears on the news. Other Animals (অন্যান্য প্রাণী) Fish  🐠 Meaning : To try to get something (like information) in an indirect way (পরোক্ষভাবে কিছু আদায় করার চেষ্টা করা). Example : He kept talking about his new car, fishing  for a compliment. Worm  🐛 Meaning : To move by wriggling; to get something from someone with difficulty (কৃমির মতো অগ্রসর হওয়া; কৌশলে কিছু আদায় করা). Example : He managed to worm  his way through the dense crowd. Snake  🐍 Meaning : To move in a winding, twisting path (সাপের মতো এঁকেবেঁকে চলা). Example : The river snaked  through the valley. Bug  🐞 Meaning : To annoy or bother someone (বিরক্ত করা). Example : Please don't bug  me while I'm trying to concentrate. Leech Meaning : To habitually take advantage of or exploit others (অন্যের ওপর নির্ভর করে চলা বা শোষণ করা). Example : He's been leeching  off his friends for months.

100 English Homonyms with Bengali Meanings Homonyms are words that are spelled and pronounced the same but have different meanings. This list will help you understand their diverse uses. 1. Address Meaning 1:  A location (ঠিকানা) Example:  Please write down your full address  on this form. Meaning 2:  To speak to (সম্বোধন করা) Example:  The CEO will address  the employees at the meeting. 2. Arm Meaning 1:  A body part (বাহু) Example:  He broke his arm  while playing football. Meaning 2:  To supply with weapons (অস্ত্রসজ্জিত করা) Example:  The country decided to arm  its citizens for defense. 3. Band Meaning 1:  A musical group (গানের দল) Example:  My favorite rock band  is performing tonight. Meaning 2:  A strip of material (ফিতা বা পট্টি) Example:  She tied her hair back with a rubber band . 4. Bark Meaning 1:  The sound a dog makes (কুকুরের ডাক) Example:  I was awakened by the dog's loud bark . Meaning 2:  The outer layer of a tree (গাছের ছাল) Example:  The bark  of this tree is very rough. 5. Bat Meaning 1:  A flying mammal (বাদুড়) Example:  A bat  flew out of the dark cave at dusk. Meaning 2:  Sports equipment (খেলার ব্যাট) Example:  He hit the cricket ball with a heavy bat . 6. Bear Meaning 1:  An animal (ভালুক) Example:  We saw a large brown bear  in the forest. Meaning 2:  To endure or carry (বহন করা বা সহ্য করা) Example:  I cannot bear  this pain any longer. 7. Blue Meaning 1:  A color (নীল রঙ) Example:  The sky is a beautiful shade of blue  today. Meaning 2:  Feeling sad (বিষণ্ণ) Example:  She was feeling blue  after her friend moved away. 8. Board Meaning 1:  A flat piece of wood (তক্তা) Example:  He cut the wooden board  in half. Meaning 2:  To get on a ship or plane (যানবাহনে ওঠা) Example:  It's time to board  the aircraft. 9. Bolt Meaning 1:  A metal fastener (স্ক্রু বা খিল) Example:  Use a wrench to tighten the bolt . Meaning 2:  To run away suddenly (দ্রুত পালানো) Example:  The horse got scared and decided to bolt . 10. Bow Meaning 1:  To bend forward (মাথা নত করা) Example:  The performers bow  to the audience after the show. Meaning 2:  A weapon for shooting arrows (ধনুক) Example:  Robin Hood was an expert with a bow  and arrow. 11. Box Meaning 1:  A container (বাক্স) Example:  He packed his old books in a cardboard box . Meaning 2:  A sport (মুষ্টিযুদ্ধ) Example:  He trained for years to box  professionally. 12. Can Meaning 1:  A metal container (টিনের কৌটা) Example:  I opened a can  of soup for lunch. Meaning 2:  To be able to (সক্ষম হওয়া) Example:   Can  you please help me with this? 13. Capital Meaning 1:  A city (রাজধানী) Example:  Dhaka is the capital  of Bangladesh. Meaning 2:  Wealth or assets (মূলধন) Example:  You need significant capital  to start a new business. 14. Change Meaning 1:  To make different (পরিবর্তন করা) Example:  I need to change  my clothes before the party. Meaning 2:  Coins (খুচরো পয়সা) Example:  Do you have any spare change  for the parking meter? 15. Chest Meaning 1:  A part of the body (বুক) Example:  He felt a sharp pain in his chest . Meaning 2:  A large storage box (সিন্দুক) Example:  The pirates buried a chest  full of gold. 16. Circle Meaning 1:  A round shape (বৃত্ত) Example:  Draw a perfect circle  on the paper. Meaning 2:  To move around something (ঘিরে ফেলা বা প্রদক্ষিণ করা) Example:  The vultures circle  high above in the sky. 17. Clip Meaning 1:  A fastener (ক্লিপ) Example:  She used a paper clip  to hold the documents together. Meaning 2:  To cut or trim (কাটা বা ছাঁটা) Example:  I need to clip  my fingernails. 18. Cool Meaning 1:  Low temperature (ঠান্ডা) Example:  The evening air is nice and cool . Meaning 2:  Fashionable or impressive (চমৎকার) Example:  He wears very cool  sunglasses. 19. Crane Meaning 1:  A bird (সারস পাখি) Example:  The crane  stood gracefully in the shallow water. Meaning 2:  A machine for lifting (ভারোত্তোলক যন্ত্র) Example:  The construction site used a crane  to lift steel beams. 20. Date Meaning 1:  A specific day (তারিখ) Example:  What is the date  of your birthday? Meaning 2:  A sweet fruit (খেজুর) Example:  She added a chopped date  to her oatmeal. 21. Deck Meaning 1:  A floor of a ship (জাহাজের ডেক) Example:  We stood on the deck  to watch the sunset. Meaning 2:  A pack of playing cards (তাসের প্যাকেট) Example:  Can you shuffle the deck  of cards? 22. Duck Meaning 1:  A bird (হাঁস) Example:  A duck  was swimming in the pond. Meaning 2:  To lower one's head (মাথা নিচু করা) Example:  You need to duck  to get through the low doorway. 23. Express Meaning 1:  To show a feeling (প্রকাশ করা) Example:  He found it difficult to express  his emotions. Meaning 2:  Fast or direct (দ্রুতগামী) Example:  Take the express  train to reach the city faster. 24. Fair Meaning 1:  Just or equitable (ন্যায্য) Example:  The judge made a fair  decision. Meaning 2:  A public event or festival (মেলা) Example:  We are going to the book fair  this weekend. 25. Fall Meaning 1:  To drop down (পড়ে যাওয়া) Example:  The leaves fall  from the trees in autumn. Meaning 2:  The autumn season (শরৎকাল) Example:  My favorite season is fall . 26. Fan Meaning 1:  A cooling device (পাখা) Example:  Please turn on the fan ; it's very hot. Meaning 2:  An admirer (ভক্ত বা অনুরাগী) Example:  She is a huge fan  of that singer. 27. Fast Meaning 1:  Quick (দ্রুত) Example:  He is a very fast  runner. Meaning 2:  To not eat (উপবাস করা) Example:  Muslims fast  during the month of Ramadan. 28. Fine Meaning 1:  Of good quality (उत्कृष्ट) Example:  This is a fine  piece of silk. Meaning 2:  A penalty payment (জরিমানা) Example:  He had to pay a fine  for parking illegally. 29. Fire Meaning 1:  Combustion, flames (আগুন) Example:  The campers gathered around the fire . Meaning 2:  To dismiss from a job (চাকরি থেকে বরখাস্ত করা) Example:  The company had to fire  several employees. 30. Fly Meaning 1:  To move through the air (ওড়া) Example:  Birds can fly  high in the sky. Meaning 2:  An insect (মাছি) Example:  A fly  was buzzing around the room. 31. Foot Meaning 1:  A body part (পায়ের পাতা) Example:  I hurt my foot  while running. Meaning 2:  A unit of measurement (ফুট - পরিমাপের একক) Example:  The snake was over three foot  long. 32. Hard Meaning 1:  Solid, firm (কঠিন) Example:  The ground was too hard  to dig. Meaning 2:  Difficult (কষ্টকর) Example:  The exam was very hard . 33. Iron Meaning 1:  A strong metal (লোহা) Example:  The gate was made of solid iron . Meaning 2:  To press clothes (ইস্ত্রি করা) Example:  I need to iron  my shirt before I go out. 34. Jam Meaning 1:  A sweet fruit spread (ফলের মোরব্বা) Example:  I like to have toast and jam  for breakfast. Meaning 2:  A blockage (ভিড় বা জট) Example:  We were stuck in a traffic jam  for an hour. 35. Jar Meaning 1:  A glass container (কাচের পাত্র) Example:  She stored the cookies in a glass jar . Meaning 2:  To shake or vibrate (ঝাঁকুনি দেওয়া) Example:  The sudden stop of the train will jar  the passengers. 36. Kind Meaning 1:  Caring and gentle (দয়ালু) Example:  She is a very kind  and generous person. Meaning 2:  A type or variety (ধরন বা প্রকার) Example:  What kind  of music do you like? 37. Lap Meaning 1:  The top of the thighs when sitting (কোল) Example:  The cat curled up on her lap  and fell asleep. Meaning 2:  One circuit of a racetrack (ট্র্যাকের এক চক্কর) Example:  The runner completed the final lap  and won the race. 38. Left Meaning 1:  The opposite of right (বাম দিক) Example:  Turn left  at the next intersection. Meaning 2:  Departed (চলে গেছে) Example:  He left  the house early this morning. 39. Letter Meaning 1:  A written message (চিঠি) Example:  I received a letter  from my friend. Meaning 2:  A character in the alphabet (বর্ণ) Example:  The word 'cat' starts with the letter  'C'. 40. Lie Meaning 1:  To be in a horizontal position (শুয়ে থাকা) Example:  I am going to lie  down for a while. Meaning 2:  An untrue statement (মিথ্যা কথা) Example:  It is wrong to tell a lie . 41. Light Meaning 1:  Illumination (আলো) Example:  Please turn on the light . Meaning 2:  Not heavy (হালকা) Example:  This box is very light . 42. Litter Meaning 1:  Rubbish or trash (আবর্জনা) Example:  Please don't drop litter  on the street. Meaning 2:  A group of young animals born at one time (একই সাথে জন্ম নেওয়া পশুশাবক) Example:  Our cat just had a litter  of five kittens. 43. Lock Meaning 1:  A fastening device (তালা) Example:  Don't forget to put the lock  on the door. Meaning 2:  A section of a canal or river (নদীর шлюз) Example:  The boat passed through the lock  to a higher water level. 44. Long Meaning 1:  Of great distance or duration (দীর্ঘ) Example:  It was a long  journey. Meaning 2:  To desire strongly (আকাঙ্ক্ষা করা) Example:  I long  for the days of my childhood. 45. Match Meaning 1:  A small stick for starting a fire (দিয়াশলাই) Example:  He struck a match  to light the candle. Meaning 2:  A sports game (খেলা) Example:  Are you going to watch the cricket match  tonight? 46. Mean Meaning 1:  To signify or intend (মানে বোঝানো) Example:  What does this word mean ? Meaning 2:  Unkind (নীচ বা অভদ্র) Example:  That was a mean  thing to say. 47. Mine Meaning 1:  Belonging to me (আমার) Example:  This book is mine . Meaning 2:  A place to dig for minerals (খনি) Example:  He works in a coal mine . 48. Mole Meaning 1:  A small mammal (ছুঁচো) Example:  A mole  dug a tunnel in our garden. Meaning 2:  A small dark spot on the skin (তিল) Example:  She has a mole  on her cheek. 49. Nail Meaning 1:  On a finger or toe (নখ) Example:  I need to cut my nail s. Meaning 2:  A metal spike (পেরেক) Example:  He hammered a nail  into the wall. 50. Note Meaning 1:  A short written message (টুকরো লেখা) Example:  I left a note  for you on the table. Meaning 2:  A musical tone (সঙ্গীতের স্বর) Example:  The singer hit a very high note . 51. Novel Meaning 1:  A long fictional book (উপন্যাস) Example:  He is writing a new novel . Meaning 2:  New and original (নতুন এবং অভিনব) Example:  That's a novel  idea for solving the problem. 52. Orange Meaning 1:  A fruit (কমলালেবু) Example:  I had an orange  for breakfast. Meaning 2:  A color (কমলা রঙ) Example:  Her dress was bright orange . 53. Palm Meaning 1:  The inner part of the hand (হাতের তালু) Example:  He held the small bird in the palm  of his hand. Meaning 2:  A type of tree (তাল গাছ) Example:  The island was full of coconut palm  trees. 54. Park Meaning 1:  A public garden (উদ্যান) Example:  The children are playing in the park . Meaning 2:  To leave a vehicle (গাড়ি পার্ক করা) Example:  Where did you park  the car? 55. Pass Meaning 1:  To go by (অতিক্রম করা) Example:  Did you pass  the post office on your way here? Meaning 2:  A permit or ticket (অনুমতিপত্র) Example:  You need a security pass  to enter the building. 56. Pen Meaning 1:  A writing instrument (কলম) Example:  I need a pen  to sign this document. Meaning 2:  An enclosure for animals (পশুর খোঁয়াড়) Example:  The sheep were kept in a small pen . 57. Pitcher Meaning 1:  A container for liquids (জগ) Example:  She poured water from the pitcher . Meaning 2:  A baseball player (বেসবল খেলায় বল নিক্ষেপকারী) Example:  The pitcher  threw a very fast ball. 58. Plain Meaning 1:  Simple, not decorated (সাধারণ) Example:  She prefers to wear plain  clothes. Meaning 2:  A large area of flat land (সমভূমি) Example:  The buffalo roamed across the vast plain . 59. Play Meaning 1:  To engage in an activity for fun (খেলা করা) Example:  The children went outside to play . Meaning 2:  A theatrical performance (নাটক) Example:  We are going to see a play  at the theatre. 60. Pound Meaning 1:  A unit of weight or currency (পাউন্ড - ওজন বা মুদ্রার একক) Example:  This bag of potatoes weighs five pound s. Meaning 2:  To hit repeatedly (আঘাত করা) Example:  He began to pound  on the door with his fists. 61. Punch Meaning 1:  To hit with a fist (ঘুষি মারা) Example:  The boxer threw a powerful punch . Meaning 2:  A beverage (ফলের রস বা পানীয়) Example:  They served fruit punch  at the party. 62. Pupil Meaning 1:  A student (ছাত্র বা ছাত্রী) Example:  The teacher praised the diligent pupil . Meaning 2:  The black center of the eye (চোখের মণি) Example:  The doctor shone a light to check the pupil  of his eye. 63. Quarry Meaning 1:  A place where stone is extracted (পাথর খাদান) Example:  They get limestone from the local quarry . Meaning 2:  An animal being hunted; prey (শিকার) Example:  The lion stalked its quarry  through the tall grass. 64. Racket Meaning 1:  Equipment for sports like tennis (র‍্যাকেট) Example:  She bought a new tennis racket . Meaning 2:  A loud, unpleasant noise (শোরগোল) Example:  Please stop making such a racket ! 65. Ream Meaning 1:  A quantity of paper (কাগজের দিস্তা) Example:  I need to buy a ream  of A4 paper for the printer. Meaning 2:  To widen a hole (ছিদ্র বড় করা) Example:  The machinist will ream  the hole to the correct diameter. 66. Refuse Meaning 1:  To decline or say no (প্রত্যাখ্যান করা) Example:  I refuse  to answer that question. Meaning 2:  Garbage or trash (আবর্জনা) Example:  The refuse  is collected every Tuesday morning. 67. Right Meaning 1:  Correct (সঠিক) Example:  You got the right  answer. Meaning 2:  The opposite of left (ডান দিক) Example:  Make a right  turn at the traffic light. 68. Ring Meaning 1:  A circular piece of jewelry (আংটি) Example:  He gave her a diamond ring . Meaning 2:  The sound a bell makes (ঘণ্টার শব্দ) Example:  I heard the phone ring . 69. Rock Meaning 1:  A stone (পাথর) Example:  The ship crashed against the rock . Meaning 2:  A genre of music (রক সঙ্গীত) Example:  I love listening to classic rock  music. 70. Rose Meaning 1:  A type of flower (গোলাপ ফুল) Example:  He gave her a beautiful red rose . Meaning 2:  Past tense of 'rise' (উঠেছিল) Example:  The sun rose  at 6 AM this morning. 71. Row Meaning 1:  A line of things (সারি) Example:  We sat in the front row  of the cinema. Meaning 2:  To propel a boat with oars (নৌকা বাওয়া) Example:  Let's row  the boat across the lake. 72. Ruler Meaning 1:  A measuring stick (মাপকাঠি) Example:  Use a ruler  to draw a straight line. Meaning 2:  A monarch or leader (শাসক) Example:  The queen was a wise and just ruler . 73. Saw Meaning 1:  A tool for cutting (করাত) Example:  He used a saw  to cut the wood. Meaning 2:  Past tense of 'see' (দেখেছিল) Example:  I saw  a movie yesterday. 74. Scale Meaning 1:  A device for weighing (মাপনী বা নিক্তি) Example:  Please put the vegetables on the scale . Meaning 2:  On a fish or reptile (মাছের আঁশ) Example:  The fish had shiny silver scale s. 75. Seal Meaning 1:  A sea animal (সীল নামক জলজ প্রাণী) Example:  The seal  was basking on the rocks. Meaning 2:  To close tightly (সীলমোহর করা বা বন্ধ করা) Example:  Please seal  the envelope before mailing it. 76. Season Meaning 1:  A time of year (ঋতু) Example:  Winter is my favorite season . Meaning 2:  To add flavor to food (মশলা দেওয়া) Example:  You should season  the soup with salt and pepper. 77. Second Meaning 1:  A unit of time (সেকেন্ড) Example:  Wait just a second . Meaning 2:  Number two in a sequence (দ্বিতীয়) Example:  He finished second  in the race. 78. Shed Meaning 1:  A small storage building (ছোট চালাঘর) Example:  He keeps his gardening tools in the shed . Meaning 2:  To lose or cast off (ঝরানো বা খসানো) Example:  The snake will shed  its skin. 79. Ship Meaning 1:  A large boat (জাহাজ) Example:  The ship  sailed across the ocean. Meaning 2:  To transport goods (পণ্য পাঠানো) Example:  We will ship  your order tomorrow. 80. Sink Meaning 1:  To go down below the surface of water (ডুবে যাওয়া) Example:  The heavy stone will sink  in water. Meaning 2:  A basin in a kitchen or bathroom (বেসিন) Example:  Please wash the dishes in the kitchen sink . 81. Slip Meaning 1:  To lose one's footing (পিছলে যাওয়া) Example:  Be careful not to slip  on the wet floor. Meaning 2:  A small piece of paper (ছোট কাগজের টুকরো) Example:  Write your name on a slip  of paper. 82. Soil Meaning 1:  Earth or dirt (মাটি) Example:  The soil  in this garden is very fertile. Meaning 2:  To make dirty (নোংরা করা) Example:  Be careful not to soil  your new white shirt. 83. Solution Meaning 1:  An answer to a problem (সমাধান) Example:  We need to find a solution  to this issue. Meaning 2:  A liquid mixture (দ্রবণ) Example:  The chemist prepared a chemical solution . 84. Space Meaning 1:  An empty area (ফাঁকা জায়গা) Example:  There is not enough space  in this room for another chair. Meaning 2:  The universe beyond Earth (মহাকাশ) Example:  The astronaut traveled into outer space . 85. Spring Meaning 1:  A season (বসন্তকাল) Example:  Flowers bloom in the spring . Meaning 2:  A metal coil (ধাতুর কয়েল) Example:  The mattress has old spring s and is not comfortable. 86. Stalk Meaning 1:  The main stem of a plant (গাছের ডাঁটা) Example:  The flower has a long, thin stalk . Meaning 2:  To follow secretly (গোপনে অনুসরণ করা) Example:  The tiger began to stalk  its prey. 87. Star Meaning 1:  A celestial body (নক্ষত্র) Example:  You can see many star s in the night sky. Meaning 2:  A famous performer (তারকা) Example:  He is a famous movie star . 88. Stick Meaning 1:  A thin piece of wood (লাঠি) Example:  The old man walked with a stick . Meaning 2:  To adhere or cling (লেগে থাকা) Example:  Use glue to make the paper stick . 89. Store Meaning 1:  A shop (দোকান) Example:  I need to go to the store  to buy some milk. Meaning 2:  To keep for future use (জমা করা) Example:  Squirrels store  nuts for the winter. 90. Suit Meaning 1:  A set of clothes (পোশাক সেট) Example:  He wore a formal suit  to the interview. Meaning 2:  To be appropriate for (মানানসই হওয়া) Example:  This color does not suit  you. 91. Table Meaning 1:  A piece of furniture (টেবিল) Example:  Let's sit at the dining table . Meaning 2:  To postpone a discussion (আলোচনা স্থগিত রাখা) Example:  They decided to table  the motion until the next meeting. 92. Tear Meaning 1:  A drop of water from the eye (অশ্রু) Example:  A single tear  rolled down her cheek. Meaning 2:  To rip or pull apart (ছিঁড়ে ফেলা) Example:  Be careful not to tear  the page. 93. Tender Meaning 1:  Soft or gentle (নরম বা কোমল) Example:  The meat was very tender  and juicy. Meaning 2:  A formal offer, like for a contract (দরপত্র) Example:  The company submitted a tender  for the construction project. 94. Tie Meaning 1:  To fasten with a knot (বাঁধা) Example:  Please tie  your shoelaces. Meaning 2:  An item of clothing for the neck (টাই) Example:  He wore a shirt and tie  to work. 95. Tire Meaning 1:  To become weary or sleepy (ক্লান্ত হওয়া) Example:  The long walk will tire  me out. Meaning 2:  A rubber covering for a wheel (গাড়ির চাকা) Example:  The car has a flat tire . 96. Trip Meaning 1:  A journey (ভ্রমণ) Example:  We are planning a trip  to the mountains. Meaning 2:  To stumble or fall (হোঁচট খাওয়া) Example:  He might trip  over that stone. 97. Trunk Meaning 1:  The main stem of a tree (গাছের গুঁড়ি) Example:  The trunk  of the old oak tree was huge. Meaning 2:  The rear storage of a car (গাড়ির ডিকি) Example:  Put the luggage in the trunk  of the car. 98. Watch Meaning 1:  To look at (দেখা) Example:  I like to watch  movies. Meaning 2:  A small timepiece (হাতঘড়ি) Example:  I checked the time on my watch . 99. Well Meaning 1:  In good health (সুস্থ) Example:  I hope you are feeling well . Meaning 2:  A deep hole for water (কুয়ো) Example:  They drew water from the village well . 100. Yard Meaning 1:  A unit of length (গজ - পরিমাপের একক) Example:  The fabric costs ten dollars per yard . Meaning 2:  An area of land around a house ( বাড়ির উঠান) Example:  The children were playing in the yard .

কেয়া ১১৬ ১০৫৭/২০২৫ 03 Set কুমিল্লা বোর্ড  ENGLISH   FIRST PAPER   [According to the Syllabus of 2025]   Subject Code:   107   Time 3 hours Full marks-100   [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions.] Part A-Reading Test   Marks-50 Read the passage carefully and answer questions no. 1 and 2: Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Only during the last hundred years the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories. These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal. Besides coal, other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Now a days, about 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air. Therefore, it is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated worldwide by humans. Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation, which means cutting down trees. Every year enormous area of forests are destroyed by the people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture. This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned up release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead, we also destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests. 1. Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives:   1×7=7 (a) The word 'combustion' mentioned in the text refers to (i) kindling (ii) burning (iii) consumption (iv) flame (b) __________ are mainly responsible for greenhouse effect. (i) Wild animals (ii) Plants (iii) Humans (iv) Acquatic Plants (c) Trees are very useful to the congenial atmosphere because they __________ . (i) absorb greenhouse gases (ii) absorb carbon dioxide (iii) emit carbon dioxide (iv) generate carbon dioxide (d) __________ is the main cause of increasing carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. (i) Deforestation (ii) The burning of fossil fuels (iii) Destruction of forests (iv) Desertification (e) What is contextual meaning of the word 'release'? (i) Free (ii) Give away (iii) Discharge (iv) Dismiss (f) Coal is used for __________ energy. (i) compacting (ii) minimizing (iii) decreasing (iv) generating (g) The main theme of the passage is to- (i) show how humans are responsible for greenhouse effect (ii) show the importance of tree plantation (iii) show the result of deforestation (iv) show how fossil fuels are being used 2. Answer the following questions:   2×5=10 (a) What is the effect of burning fossil fuels? (b) How can trees help save our environment? (c) When did mills and factories begin to increase? (d) "Human beings are responsible for the greenhouse effect."-Do you agree? Why/Why not? (e) What are the causes lying behind deforestation? 3. Read the following text and fill in each gap with a suitable word based on the information of the text:   1×5=5   May Day or International Worker's Day is observed on May 1 all over the world today to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an eight hour workday. It is a public holiday in almost all the countries of the world. Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US, the workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift, fourteen or even more hours a day. On May 1st in 1886, inspired by the trade unions, half of the workers at the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight hour workday. Two days later, about 6000 workers brought out a rally addressed by the labour leaders. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers. One striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many others were injured. The events of May 1, 1886 are a reminder that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives. People all over the world observe May 1, as International Workers' Day to (a) __________ the historical struggle and sacrifice made by the working class people. For their great (b)__________, now the workers can enjoy an eight hour workday. It was a historical struggle (c) __________ the employers and employees. This day reminds that the (d) __________ will be exploited until they raise their (e) __________ for their rights and privileges. 4. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions no. 4 and 5: William Wordsworth was one of the most influential Romantic poets. He was born on April 7. 1770 at Cockermouth, Lake District of England. When he was eight years old, his mother died and in the same year he was sent to Grainmar School of Hawkshead. Wordsworth's father died five years after his mother's death. His father was a lawyer. As a young man, Wordsworth developed a love of nature, a theme reflected in many of his poems. In 1787, he entered into St. John's College at the University of Cambridge where he studied for four years until he took his B.A Degree. In 1786, two sets of his verses were published and in 1789 he finished writing the 'Evening Walk'. While studying at Cambridge University, he undertook the walking tour in France and Switzerland in 1790 with his friend Robert Jones. In 1795, Wordsworth received a legacy from a close relative and he and his sister Dorothy went to live in Dorset. Two years later, they moved to Somerset, to live near the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who was an admirer of Wordsworth's work. They collaborated on 'Lyrical Ballads', published in 1,798. In 1799, after a visit to Germany with Coleridge. Wordsworth's most famous poem, 'I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" was written at Dove Cottage in 1804. In 1842, he was given a government pension and the following year became a poet laureate. Wordsworth died on 23 April 1850 and was buried in Grasmere Churchyard. Complete the table below with information from the above passage: 1×5=5 Speciality A great English romantic poet Who/What Event/Activity Where/Place Year/When Willian Wordsworth was sent to Grammar School Hawkshead (i) __________ He (ii) __________ St. John's College at the University of Cambridge 1791 (iii) __________ undertook the walking tour France and Switzerland 1790 He wrote his most famous poem (iv) __________ 1799 He became a poet laureate (v) __________ Export to Sheets 5. Write a summary of the above passage in your own words.   10 6. Match the parts of sentences given in columns 'A', 'B' and ′C′ to write five complete sentences:   1x5-5 Column A Column B Column C (a) Good manner is (i) has been given (i) in every sphere of life. (b) A man of good manners (ii) this invaluable virtue (ii) and is a great virtue. (c) In all religions, a great importance (iii) this great virtue (iii) is an ideal of humanity in all eras. (d) A person who possesses (iv) achieves success (iv) from the early stage of life. (e) So, all of us should cultivate (v) the best quality of a human being (v) to good manners. 7. Rearrange the following sentences into correct order. Only the corresponding numbers of the sentences need to be written:   1×8=8 (a) Returning home from England in 1913, he took over his father's enterprise after his father's death. (b) He did his B.Sc in Chemistry from Presidency College in 1911. (c) Sukumar Roy, a famous children's writer was bom in Kolkata in 1887. (d) He then went to England to study photography and printing technology. (e) Sukumar Roy passed away in 1923 in Kolkata, India. (f) His family was originally from Masua in Mymensingh. (g) He passed the Entrance examination from City School, Kolkata. (h) His prominent writings are Abol-Tabol, Ha-Ya-Ba-Ra-La, Pagla Dashu and Bahurupi. Part B-Writing Test   Marks-50 8. Answers the following questions to write a paragraph on 'The Importance of Learning English'.   10 (a) What are the benefits of learning English? (b) What will happen if you do not learn English? (c) Why is English globally used? (d) How can you learn English effectively? 9. Read the beginning of a story below. It is not complete. Add at least ten new sentences to complete it. Give a suitable title to it.   10 Once there lived a poor woodcutter in a village near a jungle. He used to cut woods from the forest and sell it in the market, But one day, while cutting wood 10. The graph below shows the percentage of the students choice of reading books from the library of ABC Model High School, Dhaka in the academic session 2023. Now, describe the graph in about 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the graph.   10 Graph Data: Choice of Reading Books Story: 65% Poems: 38% Science: 62% History: 35% Journal: 40% 11. Suppose, you are Abid/Abida. You are going to celebrate your birthday next week. Kabir/Kabita is your friend who lives in Cumilla. Now, write an email to invite him/her to attend your birthday party.   10 12. Suppose you are Shipon/Shilpi. Nabil/Nabila is your friend. Both of you have the hobbies. Now, write a dialogue between you and your friend about your favourite. Part A—Reading Test (Marks—50) Answer to the Question No. 1 (a)  (ii) burning (b)  (iii) Humans (c)  (iii) absorb carbon dioxide (d)  (ii) The burning of fossil fuels (e)  (iii) Discharge (f)  (iv) generating (g)  (i) show how humans are responsible for greenhouse effect Answer to the Question No. 2 (a) What is the effect of burning fossil fuels? Ans:  The effect of burning fossil fuels is very harmful to our atmosphere. According to the passage, every time a fossil fuel is burned, it releases carbon dioxide gas into the air, which is the main cause of the increase in greenhouse gases. (b) How can trees help save our environment? Ans:  Trees can help save our environment in a significant way. The passage states that forests absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead. By doing so, they act as an important storehouse of carbon dioxide and help to keep our environment clean and balanced. (c) When did mills and factories begin to increase? Ans:  According to the passage, mills and factories began to increase rapidly since the end of the 19th century. (d) ‘Human beings are responsible for the greenhouse effect’—Do you agree? Why/Why not? Ans:  Yes, I agree that human beings are responsible for the greenhouse effect. The passage clearly states that we humans are responsible for the alarming rise in carbon dioxide concentration. This is caused by our activities like burning huge amounts of fossil fuels for factories and transport, and also by deforestation, which destroys the trees that absorb carbon dioxide. (e) What are the causes lying behind deforestation? Ans:  The passage mentions three main causes lying behind deforestation. People destroy forests to obtain wood, to clear regions for mining, and to create pasture for animals. Answer to the Question No. 3 (a) commemorate (b) sacrifice (c) between (d) workers (e) voices Answer to the Question No. 4 Who/What Event/Activity Where/Place Year/When William Wordsworth was sent to Grammar School Hawkshead (i) 1778 He (ii) took his B.A. degree St. John's College at the University of Cambridge 1791 (iii) William Wordsworth along with his friend undertook the walking tour France and Switzerland 1790 He wrote his most famous poem (iv) Dove cottage 1804 He became a poet laureate - (v) 1843 Answer to the Question No. 5 William Wordsworth, one of the most influential Romantic poets of England, was born in 1770. He developed a deep love for nature in his youth, which is reflected in his poetry. After getting his B.A. degree from the University of Cambridge, he collaborated with his friend S.T. Coleridge on the famous 'Lyrical Ballads'. He wrote his most celebrated poem, 'I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud', in 1804. In his later life, he was awarded a government pension and became the poet laureate in 1843. He passed away in 1850. Answer to the Question No. 6 (a) Good manner is the best quality of a human being and is a great virtue. (b) A man of good manners achieves success in every sphere of life. (c) In all religions, a great importance has been given to good manners. (d) A person who possesses this invaluable virtue is an ideal of humanity in all eras. (e) So, all of us should cultivate this great virtue from the early stage of life. Answer to the Question No. 7 The correct order of the sentences is: c → f → g → b → d → a → h → e . Part B—Writing Test (Marks—50) Answer to the Question No. 8 The Importance of Learning English English is an international language that is essential for communication in our globalized world. There are numerous benefits of learning English. Firstly, it opens the door to higher education, as most books on science, technology, and other advanced subjects are written in English. Secondly, proficiency in English is crucial for getting a good job, as multinational companies and international organizations require employees who can communicate effectively in English. If we do not learn English, we will lag behind in this competitive world. We will be deprived of higher education and better job opportunities, and we will not be able to communicate with the rest of the world. English is used globally because it is the language of international business, diplomacy, science, and the internet. To learn English effectively, we need to practice all four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. We should read English books and newspapers, watch English movies, and most importantly, practice speaking English regularly without fearing mistakes. Answer to the Question No. 9 Honesty is the Best Policy Once there lived a poor woodcutter in a village near a jungle. He used to cut woods from the forest and sell it in the market. But one day, while cutting wood near a river, his axe slipped from his hands and fell into the deep water. The woodcutter was very sad because the axe was the only means of his livelihood. He sat by the river and started crying. Suddenly, a beautiful fairy appeared before him and asked, "Why are you crying, woodcutter?" The woodcutter told her about his lost axe. The fairy felt pity for him and dived into the water. She came back with a golden axe and asked, "Is this yours?" The honest woodcutter replied, "No, it's not mine." The fairy dived again and brought a silver axe, but the woodcutter refused it as well. Finally, the fairy brought his iron axe. Seeing his own axe, the woodcutter became very happy and said, "Yes, this one is mine!" The fairy was very pleased with his honesty. She gave him his iron axe and also rewarded him with the golden and silver axes. The woodcutter became very rich and lived happily ever after. Answer to the Question No. 10 Students' Choice of Reading Books The provided bar graph illustrates the percentage of students' choices for different types of reading books from the library of ABC Model High School in the academic year 2023. The graph displays preferences for four categories: Story Books, Novels, Textbooks, and Others. From the graph, it is evident that Story Books are the most popular choice among the students, with 40% of them preferring to read this type of book. This indicates a strong interest in fiction and imaginative literature. The second most popular category is 'Others', which accounts for 25% of the students' choices. This category likely includes books on general knowledge, science fiction, magazines, etc. Novels are the third choice, attracting 20% of the student readers. The least popular choice is Textbooks, with only 15% of students opting to read them from the library, which might be because they already own their personal copies. In conclusion, the graph clearly shows that students at ABC Model High School have a greater interest in reading for pleasure (Story Books and Novels) than for academic purposes (Textbooks). Answer to the Auestion No. 11 To:   kabir_friend@email.com Subject:  Invitation to my birthday party My dear Kabir, I hope this email finds you in the best of health and spirits. You will be very happy to know that my birthday is on next Friday, July 25, 2025. On this occasion, my parents have arranged a small party at our home in the evening. The party will start at 6:00 PM. I am inviting all our close friends to celebrate the day with me. I would be very happy if you could join us at the party. Your presence will add to my joy and make the celebration even more special. We will have a lot of fun together with music, games, and delicious food. I will be eagerly waiting for your arrival. Please try to come. Your loving friend, Abid Answer to the Question No. 12 A Dialogue about Favourite Hobby Shipon:  Hello Nabil, good morning. How are you? Nabil:  Good morning, Shipon. I'm fine, thanks. And you? Shipon:  I'm fine too. You are carrying a small spade. Where are you going so early in the morning? Nabil:  I am going to my garden. Gardening is my favourite hobby. I love spending time with my plants. Shipon:  That's great! A garden is indeed a beautiful thing. What kind of plants do you have? Nabil:  I have planted many kinds of flower plants like roses, marigolds, and dahlias. I also grow some vegetables. It gives me immense pleasure to see the flowers bloom. What about your hobby, Shipon? Shipon:  My favourite hobby is reading books. Whenever I have free time, I love to read storybooks, novels, and books on travel and science. Nabil:  Reading is an excellent hobby. It enriches our minds and gives us knowledge about so many things. Shipon:  Exactly. Books are our best friends. They take us to different worlds. Nabil:  It's true. Both of our hobbies are very creative and rewarding. Shipon:  You're right. Anyway, I have to go to my reading room now. See you later. Nabil:  Okay, see you. Bye. Shipon:  Bye.

হেরা ১০৫৬/২০২৫  01 Set দিনাজপুর বোর্ড ১২৪  Dinajpur Board Question ENGLISH FIRST PAPER  [According to the Syllabus of 2025]   Subject Code:   107   Time-3 hours Full marks-100   [N.B. Answer all the questions. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A-Reading Test   Marks-50 Read the following text carefully. Then answer the questions no. 1 and 2: May Day or International Workers' Day is observed on May 1 all over the world today to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an cight-hour workday. It is a public holiday in almost all the countries of the world. Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US. the workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift, fourteen or even more hours a day. On May 1π in 1886, inspired by the trade unions, half of the workers at the Mc.Cormick Harvester Machine Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight-hour workday. Two days later, a workers' rally was held near the Mc.Cormick Harvester Machine Company and about 6000 workers' joined it. The rally was addressed by the labour leaders. They urged the workers to stand together, to go on with their struggle and not to give in to their bosses. At one point of the rally, some strike breakers started leaving the meeting place. The strikers went down the street to bring them back. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers. One striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many others were injured. The events of May 1, 1886 are a reminder that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives.   1×7=7 (a) May Day signifies (i) the observance of holiday (ii) the rights of working class people (iii) the aggressiveness of the working class people (iv) the movement of the workers (b) May Day is observed - (i) in America and Europe (ii) in Asia and America (iii) all over the world (iv) all the countries of Africa continent (c) The phrase Stand together' means- (i) to stand straight (ii) to be united (iii) to raise hands together (iv) to be powerful (d) Which of the following best describes the workers before May 1 ? (i) Benefited (ii) Privileged (iii) Solvent (iv) Deprived (e) What is the synonym of the word 'inspire'? (i) Struggle (ii) Movement (iii) Strike (iv) Motivate (f) Whom does trade union represent? (i) Farmers (ii) Teachers (iii) Workers (iv) Businessman (g) What did the workers want to establish? (i) An eight-hour workday (ii) A fourteen hour workday (iii) Both (i) and (ii) (iv) To make 'May Day' a public holiday 2. Answer the following questions:   2x5=10 (a) Why is May Day observed today? (b) When and where a rally was held? (c) What was the demand of the strikers? (d) What do the events of May 1, 1886 remind? (e) What did the labour. leaders call the workers to do? How were they involved in a clash? 3. Read the following text and fiil in each gap with a suitable word based on the information of the text:   1×5=5   Water pollution can occur in oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds and underground reservoirs. As different water sources flow together, the pollution can spread easily and quickly. Causes of water pollution include: increased sediment from soil erosion improper waste disposal and littering leakage of soil pollution into water supplies organic materials that decay in water supplies In fact, polluting the land means polluting the water. Throwing away a toxic substance on the ground near a water source means it eventually reaches the body of water. As a result, the water is polluted. Industrial wastes must not be disposed in rivers or lakes. We need to be more careful about disposing household wastes too. Use of pesticides means that when it rains, chemicals used in the lawn or garden wash into the water bodies. Therefore, we must be aware of the dangers of using pesticides as they may pollute our rivers, canals and lakes. Water is all (a)__________ us. Everything on the planet needs water to survive. It is really (b)__________ to our lives. But water is being (c)__________ in different ways. People do unwise work and pollute water. To save ourselves we must take (d)__________ to stop water pollution. All walks of people should be careful about the use of water. We should not waste water too. All water (e)__________ are in the threat of pollution or already polluted. 4. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions no. 4 and 5: Marks 1x5-5  SAARC is a regional organization for mutual co-operation, friendship and development. The full form of SAARC is "South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation". At the initial stage, there were only seven developing nations to form the organization. Later, Afghanistan was included as one of its member countries. SAARC started its journey through holding its first conference in Dhaka on December 1985. At present, the member countries of this organization are Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives, Nepal, Bhutan, Srilanka and Afghanistan. The secretariat of this organization is situated in the capital of Nepal. Its head is called Secretary-General. There is a deep relationship between Bangladesh and SAARC. It was Bangladesh that took the first initiative to form SAARC. As the initiator of SAARC, Bangladesh has been playing a significant and strong role in its different activities. As one of the member countries it has also been making every effort to expand the trade among the member countries and to solve the regional conflicts and existing crises among the neighboring countries. Complete the table below with the information from the passage: Aim Mutual co-operation Time Officially started (i)__________ Who/What Event/Activity When Where Bangladesh (ii)__________ 1985 Secretariat situated (iii) ........ (iv)......... included as the last member country (v)__________ is trying to expand trade in South Asia. Export to Sheets 5. Write a summary of the above passage in your own words:   10 6. Match the parts of sentences given in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' to write five complete sentences:   1×5=5 Column A Column B Column C (a) Global warming (i) is the increase of (i) desert due to global warming. (b) The main reason of global warming (ii) are rapidly melting in both (ii) gradually and the lower parts of the world are going under water, (c) Many green parts of the world (iii) is alarmingly rising up (iii) carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (d) The icecaps (iv) has already become a great threat (iv) the poles for global warming. (e) The sea level (v) are turning into (v) to the living being of the world. 7. Put the following parts of the story in correct order to make the whole story. Only corresponding numbers of the sentences need to be written: 1×9=8 (a) This distinguished woman breathed her last in 1932. (b) She was born in 1880 in the village Pairabond, Rangpur. (c) In 1908, she composed her famous writing named 'Sultana's Dream'. (d) In 1902, she started her writing career. (e) A tragic moment came to her life in 1909 when her husband died. (f) She was married to Khan Bahadur Sakhawat Hossain in 1898. (g) All of you have heard the name of Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain. (h) After five months of her husband's death, she established a school mamed 'Sakhawat Memorial Girls' High School' with five students. Part B-Writing Test   Marks-50 8. Write a paragraph on 'Our National Flag' answering the following questions:   10   (a) What does a national flag symbolize? (b) What is the measurement of our national flag? (c) Wifat are the colours of our national flag and what do they refer to? (d) When do we fly our national flag at half mast? (e) How do you fell for your national flag? 9. Read the beginning of a story below. Add at least ten sentences to complete the story and give a suitable title to it.   10   In his boyhood, Hazrat Abdul Quadir Zilani (R.) was going to Baghdad for education. On the eve of his departure from home, his mother said to him, 'My son, never tell a lie and don't get frightened in danger." 10. Look at the following graph chart. It shows obtained marks of Tapan, a student of class ten in different subjects, Describe the graph in about 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given below. 10 Graph Data: Obtained marks of Tapan Bangla: 80% English: 85% Mathematics: 70% Physics: 74% Chemistry: 82%   11. Suppose you are Shuvo/Shova. You have a friend named Jayed/Jayeda who wants to know about the importance of learning English. Now write a letter to him/her informing about the importance of learning English.   10 12. Imagine you are Reza/Rosy. Your friend, Raiyan/Rina is eagar to know about the benefits of reading newspaper. Now write a dialogue between you and your friend about the benefits of reading newspaper.   10  SSC - 2025 English 1st Paper Dinajpur Board Questions with Answer Part A—Reading Test (Marks—50) Answer to the Question No. 1 (a)  (ii) the rights of working class people (b)  (iii) all over the world (c)  (ii) to be united (d)  (iv) Deprived (e)  (iv) Motivate (f)  (iii) Workers (g)  (i) An eight-hour workday Answer to the Question No. 2 (a) Why is May Day observed today? May Day is observed today to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices  of the working people to establish an eight-hour workday. (b) When and where was a rally held? A workers' rally was held on May 3, 1886 , near the Mc.Cormick Harvester Machine Company in Chicago. (c) What was the demand of the strikers? The demand of the strikers was to establish an eight-hour workday . (d) What do the events of May 1, 1886 remind us of? The events remind us that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out  to gain better working conditions, better pay, and better lives. (e) What did the labor leaders call the workers to do? How were they involved in a clash? The labor leaders urged the workers to stand together , to continue their struggle, and not to give in to their bosses. The clash occurred when strikers went to bring back some strikebreakers who were leaving the rally, and about 200 policemen suddenly attacked  them with clubs and revolvers. Answer to the Question No. 3 (a) around (b) vital/ important (c) polluted (d) actions/ steps (e) sources Answer to the Question No. 4 Who/What Event/Activity When Where SAARC Officially started (i) on 8 December 1985 Dhaka Bangladesh (ii) took the first initiative to form SAARC 1985 - Secretariat situated - (iii) in the capital of Nepal (iv) Afghanistan included as the last member country - - (v) Bangladesh is trying to expand trade - in South Asia Answer to the Question No. 5 SAARC, which stands for South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation, is a regional organization aimed at promoting mutual cooperation, friendship, and development among its member nations. It officially began its journey on 8 December 1985, with its first conference held in Dhaka. Bangladesh was the initiator of this organization and plays a significant role in its activities. Currently, SAARC has eight members, and its secretariat is located in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Answer to the Question No. 6 (a) Global warming has already become a great threat to the living beings of the world. (b) The main reason for global warming is the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (c) Many green parts of the world are turning into desert due to global warming. (d) The icecaps are rapidly melting in both the poles for global warming. (e) The sea level is alarmingly rising up gradually and the lower parts of the world are going under water. Answer to the Question No. 7 The correct order of the sentences is: g → b → f → d → c → e → h → a . The complete passage is: All of you have heard the name of Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain. She was born in 1880 in the village Pairabond, Rangpur. She was married to Khan Bahadur Sakhawat Hossain in 1898. In 1902, she started her writing career. In 1908, she composed her famous writing named 'Sultana’s Dream’. A tragic moment came to her life in 1909 when her husband died. After five months of her husband’s death, she established a school named ‘Sakhawat Memorial Girls’ High School’ with five students. This distinguished woman breathed her last in 1932. Part B—Writing Test (Marks—50) Answer to the Question No. 8 Our National Flag A national flag is the symbol of independence, sovereignty, and identity of a nation. It represents the glory, honour, and ideals of a country. Our national flag is very dear to us as it reminds us of the sacrifice of our heroic martyrs in the great Liberation War of 1971. The measurement of our national flag has a ratio of 10:6. It is rectangular in shape. There are two colours on our national flag: green and red. The green colour symbolizes the evergreen nature and vitality of Bangladesh, while the red circle in the middle represents the rising sun of independence and the blood shed by our freedom fighters. Our national flag is flown at half-mast on national mourning days, such as National Mourning Day on August 15th and Shaheed Dibash on February 21st, to show respect and sorrow. I feel immense pride and patriotism for my national flag. It inspires me to love my country and work for its betterment. Answer to the Question No. 9 The Reward of Honesty In his boyhood, Hazrat Abdul Quadir Zilani (R.) was going to Baghdad for education. On the eve of his departure from home, his mother said to him, “My son, never tell a lie and don’t get frightened in danger.” She then sewed forty gold coins inside the lining of his coat and bade him farewell. The young boy joined a caravan of travellers heading towards Baghdad. On their way, a gang of fierce robbers attacked the caravan. They started looting money and valuables from everyone. One of the robbers came to the young boy and asked, "Boy, do you have anything with you?" Remembering his mother's advice, Abdul Quadir replied calmly, "Yes, I have forty gold coins." The robber laughed, thinking it was a joke, and left him. Another robber asked him the same question, and he gave the same answer. Puzzled, the robbers took him to their leader. The leader asked him again, and Abdul Quadir repeated his answer, showing them where the coins were hidden. The leader was astonished and asked, "Why did you tell the truth when you could have hidden it?" The boy replied, "My mother advised me never to tell a lie." This simple but powerful answer deeply touched the heart of the robber leader. He felt great remorse for his sinful life and decided to repent, inspired by the boy's honesty and his mother's teaching. Answer to the Question No. 10 The bar chart illustrates the percentage marks obtained by a student named Tapan in five different academic subjects: English, Chemistry, Bangla, Physics, and Mathematics. Overall, Tapan performed well across all subjects, with every score being 70% or higher. There is a clear hierarchy in his results, with his highest score being in English and his lowest in Mathematics. The difference between his best and worst subject was 15 percentage points. Delving into the specifics, Tapan’s top score was 85% in English. This was followed closely by two other strong performances in Chemistry and Bangla, where he secured 82% and 80% respectively. In contrast, his marks were comparatively lower in the other two subjects. He obtained 74% in Physics, while his weakest performance was in Mathematics, where he received a mark of exactly 70%. The chart clearly arranges the subjects from his highest-scoring to his lowest-scoring discipline. Answer to the Question No. 11 A Letter about the Importance of Learning English 15, Mirpur Road, Dhaka 25 July, 2025 My dear Rakib, I received your letter yesterday. I am fine, and I hope you are well too. In your letter, you wanted to know about the importance of learning English. I am happy to share my thoughts with you. English is an international language. It is essential for communicating with the rest of the world. In this age of globalization, we cannot imagine a single day without English. Most of the valuable books on higher education in science, technology, medicine, and law are written in English. To get a good job, especially in a multinational company, having good English skills is a must. It is also the language of the internet, diplomacy, and international business. If we want to keep pace with the modern world, we have no alternative but to learn English. I hope you now understand its importance. No more today. Please write to me soon. Convey my best regards to your parents. With best wishes, Your loving friend, Saif Answer to the Question No. 12 A Dialogue about the Benefits of Reading Newspaper Reza:  Hello Raiyan, how are you? Raiyan:  I'm fine, Reza. What are you reading so attentively? Reza:  It’s today's newspaper. I make it a habit to read the newspaper every day. Raiyan:  Really? I don't find it very interesting. What are the benefits of reading it daily? Reza:  Oh, it has many benefits! Reading newspaper is a very good habit. It is a storehouse of knowledge. You can learn about what is happening all over the world. Raiyan:  What kind of news can I get from it? Reza:  You can get news on politics, economics, culture, sports, science, and technology. It helps you stay updated with current affairs. This knowledge is very important for any student. Raiyan:  I see. Does it help in any other way? Reza:  Of course. It helps to improve your English skills, especially your vocabulary and reading ability. The articles and editorials also broaden our outlook and help us develop our general knowledge. Raiyan:  That's really great. I never thought about it that way. From now on, I will also try to read the newspaper every day. Reza:  That’s a very good decision. I am sure you will benefit from it. Raiyan:  Thank you so much for your valuable advice, Reza. Reza:  You're most welcome.

Preposition Exercise Choose the best preposition to complete each sentence. The ship sailed gracefully, with all the passengers safely __________. a) Atop b) Aboard c) Absent d) After __________ all the confusion, she managed to find her lost keys. a) Amid b) Along c) Anti d) As What did you think __________ that movie we watched last night? a) Above b) About c) Absent d) Across He was leaning __________ the wall, waiting for his friend. a) After b) Ahead of c) Against d) Around __________ the two tall trees, there was a small, hidden path. a) Below b) Behind c) Between d) Before We walked __________ the riverbank, enjoying the afternoon sun. a) Along b) Amidst c) Among d) Around What goes up must come __________. a) Down b) During c) Except d) For I will be finished with my work __________ an hour. a) Inside b) In c) Into d) Like She poured the milk __________ the glass. a) In b) Inside c) Into d) Near Could you please put the book __________ top of the shelf? a) Onto b) On c) Off d) Of The cat was hiding __________ the bed. a) Opposite b) Outside c) Over d) Under I haven't seen him __________ last Tuesday. a) Save b) Since c) Than d) Through We drove __________ the tunnel to get to the other side of the mountain. a) Throughout b) To c) Through d) Until You can stay __________ you finish your homework. a) Up b) With c) Until d) Within I would rather have the apple __________ the orange. a) Than b) To c) Since d) Save Answers and Explanations b) Aboard:  This preposition is used to mean on or into a ship, aircraft, bus, or train. a) Amid:  This preposition means in the middle of or surrounded by. It's often used for situations involving chaos or confusion. b) About:  This preposition is used to indicate the subject of a thought, discussion, or feeling. c) Against:  This preposition can be used to describe being in physical contact with something for support. c) Between:  This preposition is used when referring to something in the middle of two other things. a) Along:  This preposition is used to indicate movement in a line next to something long, like a river or a road. a) Down:  This preposition indicates movement from a higher to a lower position. b) In:  This preposition is used to indicate a time period during which an event will happen. c) Into:  This preposition indicates movement to the inside of something. "In" would imply the milk was already inside. b) On:  This preposition is used to indicate a position on a surface. "Onto" implies movement to that surface. d) Under:  This preposition means at a lower level or position than something else. b) Since:  This preposition is used with a point in time to indicate the starting point of a period that continues to the present. c) Through:  This preposition indicates movement from one side to the other within an enclosed space. c) Until:  This preposition is used to indicate that a situation will continue up to a specific point in time. a) Than:  This preposition is used to introduce the second element in a comparison.

Set-02   ENGLISH   First Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 107   Time: 3 hours   Full marks: 100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions.] Part I—Reading (Marks: 60) 1. Read the passage and answer the questions below: The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle said, “Man is by nature a social animal.” What he meant was that man, by instinct, seeks the company of others and establishes relationships much like most animals of the wild, for companionship and for physical and emotional support. Unlike the animals, however, man's relationships give meaning to his existence and inspire him to do well in education, in the workplace or in a profession that he pursues. Relationships are of different kinds. Some are familial and intimate, formed by blood and by marriage; some are social, like the ones we have with friends; and some are made in school where we form close bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships can also be fostered in the workplace, which may quickly change from professional to social. There are relationships also between human beings and animals, and between children and their toys that they cannot part with. All these relationships keep us close to each other and provide us all kinds of support, love and affection. A person who has no family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation. There is no one to laugh or cry with him/her. When we share our joy with someone, it simply redoubles and when we suffer a loss and someone shares our sorrow, it lessens. Relationships are thus needed for our emotional health. To build relationships, we need to have trust and respect for each other, and love where this is needed. We cannot be selfish and possessive if we want to establish an effective relationship. But quite often we see people quarreling and fighting with each other which only brings misery and loss to all. A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives:   0.5×10=5 (a) The word ‘seek’ mentioned in the passage means— (i) achieve (ii) find (iii) pursue (iv) obtain (b) The wild animals also need— (i) accommodation (ii) food (iii) job (iv) company (c) The synonym of 'inspire' is— (i) love (ii) expire (iii) encourage (iv) entertain (d) What is the noun form of 'intimate' mentioned in the passage? (i) intimation (ii) intimacy (iii) intimately (iv) intimater (e) What does a man establish for companionship and support? (i) Society (ii) Establishment (iii) Relationship (iv) Knowledge (f) The word 'professional' mentioned in the passage is a/an — (i) adjective (ii) adverb (iii) noun (iv) verb (g) ‘Trust and respect' are the pre-conditions of— (i) relationship (ii) education (iii) happiness (iv) society (h) The word 'misery' can be replaced by— (i) pleasure (ii) suffering (iii) violence (iv) impulse (i) A philosopher is a person who— (i) predicts something (ii) criticises something (iii) researches deeply (iv) thinks deeply (j) Relationships keep us in — (i) inimical touch (ii) social touch (iii) intimate touch (iv) familial touch B. Answer the following questions:   3×5=15   a. Differentiate man's relationships from those of other animals. b. “Man is by nature a social animal."—Explain. c. Describe the importance of relationship. d. What happens to a person who has no family? e. Name different types of relationships. 2. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the functions of education. (One is done for you):   1×5=5 Education gives us knowledge and a set of abilities to function meaningfully in life, such as the ability to decide things rationally and make the right choices. As we learn how to read, write and do the basic operations of arithmetic, we gain a degree of self-confidence. We learn to think for ourselves and articulate our thoughts; we pick up skills to communicate with others and manage our affairs well. Education helps us think independently and make our own opinions. As we know more about the world, we appreciate the good things it offers us but also become critical of the deviations from the values it imparts and the rise of hatred or conflict that follows. The first thing education does is to give us an awareness about ourselves which leads to the development of our personality. As we begin school, we feel the need to belong to the class and make friends. We then expand our sense of belonging to include the school at large, our community and finally our country. Education thus prepares every child to become an active member of the community and work for its welfare. Giving us knowledge → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6. 3. Write a summary of the following poem:   10 Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. 4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical changes if necessary:   0.5×10=5 even distance watch informative become source run show channels vary set programmes Export to Sheets Television has (a) __________ the most common and widespread (b) __________ of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of (c) __________ interest is telecast on numerous (d) __________. Almost every middle class and (e) __________ working-class family has a television (f) __________ today. Television (g) __________ are not only enjoyable but also highly educative. For example, television is used for (h) __________ learning. Courses (i) __________ by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery and The National Geographic channels telecast highly (j) __________ programmes. 5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:   1×10=10 Modern life (a) __________ much on transport. We can very well understand how (b) __________ transport is when it is (c) __________ by natural calamities or during socio-political crises. In fact, transport has made it (d) __________ for us to reach places previously (e) __________. It has also helped the (f) __________ of trade and commerce and to (g) __________ new knowledge and ideas. (h) __________, transport has (i) __________ friendship and (j) __________ among nations and people around the globe. 6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order:   1×10=10 (a) He showed it to his wife. (b) The lands yielded him some crops. (c) However, he picked it up and carried it home. (d) With that, he supported his family. (e) One day he was walking through the fields. (f) While walking he came across a purse of gold. (g) He had a few acres of land. (h) There lived a farmer in a village. (i) He thought that it might have been dropped by a passer-by. (j) He was thinking about how he could add to his income. Part 2—Guided Writing (Marks: 40) 7. The graph below shows ‘The number of people living below the poverty line from 1995 to 2010.” Describe the graph highlighting the information given in the graph.   15     8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words:   15   Rini was a student of class eight. Her parents could not afford to pay for her schooling. But she was determined to continue her study at any cost. So, she...... 9. Suppose your friend has borrowed one of your important books. Your test examination is knocking at the door. So, you need the book badly. Now write a letter to your friend asking him to return the book.   10 Answer Key: English First Paper (Set-02)   Part I—Reading Test   1. A. Multiple Choice Questions (a) — (ii) find (b) — (iv) company (c) — (iii) encourage (d) — (ii) intimacy (e) — (iii) Relationship (f) — (i) adjective (g) — (i) relationship (h) — (ii) suffering (i) — (iv) thinks deeply (j) — (iii) intimate touch   1. B. Short Answer Questions a. While both humans and animals instinctively seek companionship for physical and emotional support, man's relationships are unique because they give meaning to his existence . These connections inspire a person to excel in education, work, and professional pursuits, a quality not attributed to the relationships of animals. b. The statement, originally by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, means that it's a fundamental human instinct to seek the company of others . Humans naturally establish relationships for companionship and to receive and provide physical and emotional support, much like animals in the wild. c. Relationships are crucial for human well-being for several reasons. They are necessary for our emotional health by providing a network for support, love, and affection. Furthermore, relationships allow us to share our experiences; sharing joy with someone can double the happiness, while sharing sorrow can lessen the pain. Ultimately, human connections give meaning to our existence and inspire us to achieve our goals. d. According to the text, a person who does not have a family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation . They lack someone to share their joys and sorrows with, meaning there is no one to laugh or cry with them. e. The text describes several kinds of relationships, including familial and intimate  ones formed by blood and marriage, social  connections with friends, and academic  bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships are also fostered in the workplace , between humans and animals , and even between children and their cherished toys .   2. Flow Chart   Giving us knowledge → 2. Giving a set of abilities to function meaningfully → 3. Helping us to decide things rationally → 4. Gaining self-confidence → 5. Helping us think independently → 6. Preparing us to be active members of the community.   3. Summary of "Dreams" by Langston Hughes Langston Hughes's poem "Dreams" conveys the vital importance of holding onto one's dreams. The poet uses two powerful metaphors to describe the bleakness of a life without them. First, a life devoid of dreams is compared to a "broken-winged bird that cannot fly," symbolizing helplessness and unfulfilled potential. Second, it is likened to a "barren field frozen with snow," representing an existence that is empty, unproductive, and without hope or vitality. The central message is that dreams are essential for a life to be meaningful and complete.   4. Fill in the Blanks (with box) (a) become (b) source (c) varied (d) channels (e) even (f) set (g) programmes (h) distance (i) run (j) informative   5. Fill in the Blanks (without box) (a) depends (b) important (c) disrupted (d) possible (e) inaccessible (f) growth (g) spread (h) Moreover (i) has promoted (j) understanding   6. Rearrange Sentences The correct order is: (h) → (g) → (b) → (d) → (j) → (e) → (f) → (i) → (c) → (a)   Part 2—Guided Writing   7. Graph Description The line graph illustrates the change in the percentage of people living below the poverty line over a 15-year period, from 1995 to 2010.   The graph clearly shows a consistent and significant downward trend in the poverty rate. In 1995, the rate of poverty was at its peak in the period, standing at 48%. Over the next five years, it saw a notable decline, dropping to 40% by the year 2000. This trend of reduction continued steadily. By 2005, the poverty rate had decreased further to 31%. The period ended with the lowest recorded poverty rate in 2010, when the percentage of people living below the poverty line fell to just 25%.   In conclusion, the graph demonstrates a successful and continuous effort in poverty alleviation, with the rate being nearly halved over the 15 years.   8. Story Completion Rini was a student of class eight. Her parents could not afford to pay for her schooling. But she was determined to continue her study at any cost. So, she decided to find a way to earn money herself. After her school hours, Rini started offering tutoring services to the younger children in her neighborhood. She was a good student and explained the lessons very well. Soon, more and more parents wanted to send their children to her. She would teach for three hours every evening and then do her own studies late into the night. It was very difficult, but she never gave up. She managed to save enough money from her earnings to pay her school fees and buy her books. Her determination and hard work impressed her headmaster. He shared her story with a local educational trust, which then granted her a full scholarship for her higher studies. Rini proved that with determination and hard work, any obstacle can be overcome.   9. Letter to a Friend 15/B, Block-C, Halishahar, Chattogram. 23 July 2025   My dear [Friend's Name],   I hope you are doing well. I am writing to you today for a special reason. I hope you remember that you borrowed my 'Advanced English Grammar' book about a month ago.   My test examination is starting next week, and I am in urgent need of that book for my final revision. It contains some important notes that I made which will be very helpful for my preparation. It would be a great help if you could return it to me as soon as possible. If you are busy, please let me know, and I can come over to your place this weekend to collect it.   I hope you are not minding my request. How is your exam preparation going? Let's catch up soon after the exams are over.   Wishing you all the best.   Yours ever, [Your Name]

Set-02   ENGLISH   First Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 107   Time: 3 hours   Full marks: 100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part I—Reading (Marks: 60) 1. Read the passage and answer the questions A and B: Adolescents constitute a nation's core resource for national renewal and growth. Adolescence is a period in life when transition from childhood to adulthood takes place and behaviours and lifestyles are shaped. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescence is the period which shapes the future of girls’ and boys’ lives. There are 28 million adolescents in Bangladesh; 13.7 million of them are girls and 14.3 million are boys. The situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh is characterised by inequality and subordination within the family and society. This inequality leads to widespread practice of child marriage, marginalisation or exclusion from health, education and economic opportunities, and vulnerability to violence and sexual abuse. In Bangladesh, the legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys. However, 33 percent of adolescent girls are married before the age of 15 and 60 percent become mothers by the age of 19. Research finds that adolescents with a higher level of education and from more affluent families tend to marry at a later age. Boys, however, become ready for marriage only after several years of adolescence and into young adulthood. A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives:   0.5×10=5 (a) Which of the following is the correct meaning of 'affluent' used in this passage? (i) Poor (ii) Comfortable (iii) Wealthy (iv) Frugal (b) The word 'adolescence' in line 1 can be replaced by - (i) puberty (ii) adulthood (iii) infancy (iv) maturity (c) The number of adolescents in Bangladesh is- (i) 2.8 billion (ii) 28 billion (iii) 2.8 crore (iv) 28 crore (d) Adolescent girls in Bangladesh experience— (i) disparity (ii) equality (iii) freedom (iv) comfort and luxury (e) "...vulnerability to violence and sexual abuse." Here the word 'vulnerability' is a/an— (i) noun (ii) noun phrase (iii) adjective (iv) adverb (f) People with education and wealth get their adolescent girls married at a/an— (i) early age (ii) urgent moment (iii) later age (iv) inconvenient time (g) Why are adolescents considered a nation's core resource? (i) On account of their indomitable spirit. (ii) As they are the symbol of energy. (iii) For national renewal and growth. (iv) Because of their loyalty to the nation. (h) The word ‘constitute’ mentioned in the passage means— (i) break up (ii) scatter (iii) disperse (iv) comprise (i) The transition from childhood to adulthood takes place in life— (i) during childhood (ii) in adolescence (iii) at various stages of growth (iv) during maturity (j) The word ‘renewal' mentioned in the passage means— (i) regeneration (ii) destruction (iii) ruin (iv) annihilation B. Answer the following questions:   3×5=15 (a) What does WHO say about adolescence? (b) How many adolescents are boys and how many are girls in Bangladesh? (c) How is the condition of the adolescent girls in Bangladesh? (d) What is the legal age of marriage for boys and girls in our country? (e) When do the boys become ready for marriage? 2. Read the following passage and make a flow chart showing the nature and functions of a dream. (one is done for you):   1×5=5 Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected to empirical research and scientific study. Chances are that you’ve often found yourself puzzling over the content of a dream, or perhaps you’ve wondered why you dream at all. First, let's start by answering a basic question: What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts and emotions that are experienced during sleep. Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very vague; filled with joyful emotions or frightening images; focused and understandable or unclear and confusing. Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve? While many theories have been proposed about the reason and function of dreams, no consensus has emerged. Considering the time we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet understand the purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to consider that science is still unravelling the exact purpose and function of sleep itself. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while others believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Images during sleep → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5. → 6. 3. Write a summary of the following text:   10 Education aims to bring about positive changes in our behaviour. It helps us try to change our lives as well as the society we live in. Education that does not illuminate our minds or does not inspire us to work for the community is not complete at all. Education is not all about getting grades or receiving certificates; we use education to make life better. We are expected to apply the knowledge, skills and values that we learn in a classroom in our engagement with the world that lies outside. And we can do so in many different ways. Let’s have a look at how education works. Learners’ civic engagement is highly appreciated all over the world. Civic engagement means working to make a difference in the civic life (the public life of the citizens as contrasted with private or personal life) of the community using knowledge, skills, values and motivation. Civic engagement promotes the quality of life in a community by contributing to the improvement of health and wellbeing of the people. Civically engaged individuals recognize themselves as members of a larger social community and are concerned about civic issues. They consider themselves responsible citizens who take action or raise their voices against injustice, discrimination and other forms of social ills. In civic engagement, issues of public concern are crucial. Civic engagement includes individual or group activities to protect public interests and change the way the community values itself. For example, if you are protesting against any unjust decision of the local municipality such as raising taxes or an act that might work against people's interest, you are civically engaged and your action is considered a civic engagement. This protest can be done in different ways such as organizing rallies, collecting signatures, making human chains, writing petitions etc. You can also help control traffic in front of a school, help children to cross the roads, work in a team to clean a park or a sea beach. You can also give some service to elderly people. These are all examples of civic engagement as what you do directly affects the community. 4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box. There are more words than needed. Make any grammatical changes if necessary:   1×10=10 ability develop acquisition mother fact use communication natural aware spontaneous Communicative competence refers to the (a) __________ to use language appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of (b) __________ communicative competence in a language. The first is (c) __________ which is similar to the way people develop ability in their (d) __________ tongue. It is a subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of the grammatical rules. They are only aware of the (e) __________ that they are (f) __________ the language for (g) __________. It is a (h) __________ process of acquiring a language. Learning, on the other hand, refers to conscious knowledge of a language. Users are (i) __________ of the rules of the language they are using. In non-technical terms, acquisition is picking up a language (j) __________. 5. Fill in the gaps using suitable words:   1×10=10 The food (a) __________ of the young people of our country has changed greatly. Our young people are getting (b) __________ to fast foods and western foods day by day. Today they go to fast food shops and enjoy much, taking (c) __________ such as pizza, burger, soft drinks etc. When fast foods (d) __________ a high level of salt, sugar and fats, then it is called (e) __________ food. It lacks fibre, (f) __________ and minerals. The world is currently facing an obesity epidemic which puts people at the (g) __________ of chronic (h) __________ like heart disease and diabetes. Junk foods (i) __________ to obesity. So, we should be (j) __________ about having fast foods now and then. 6. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent order:   1×10=10 (a) The angel took down his request and went away. (b) His name was Abu Ben Adhem. (c) Abu then requested him to put his name in the list because he loved mankind and his fellow brothers. (d) He again appeared the next night and showed Abu that his name was at the top of the list. (e) The angel was writing the names of persons who loved God. (f) Once upon a time there was an honest and pious man. (g) He asked the angel if his name was there. (h) He was once sleeping peacefully. (i) In reply, the angel said that his name was not there. (j) Suddenly he woke up and saw an angel. Part 2— Guided Writing (Marks: 40) 7. The graph shows "the smartphone users" from 2017 to 2023. Describe the graph in at least 150 words highlighting the information given in the graph.   15   8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words:   15   once an ant was very thirsty. He went to a river bank to drink water. When he began to drink water, a wave......   9. Suppose you are Mushfiq/Ashia. Write a letter to your pen-friend Tania living in the USA about the celebration of 16th December in your college.   10 HSC - 2025 English 1st Paper Rajshahi Board Questions' Answers Answer Key: English First Paper (Set-02)   Part I—Reading Test   1. A. Multiple Choice Questions (a) — (iii) Wealthy (b) — (i) puberty (c) — (iii) 2.8 crore (d) — (i) disparity (e) — (i) noun (f) — (iii) later age (g) — (iii) For national renewal and growth. (h) — (iv) comprise (i) — (ii) in adolescence (j) — (i) regeneration   1. B. Short Answer Questions (a) According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescence is the period that shapes the future of both girls' and boys' lives. (b) In Bangladesh, there are 28 million adolescents, of whom 14.3 million are boys and 13.7 million are girls. (c) The condition of adolescent girls in Bangladesh is characterized by inequality and subordination. This leads to problems like child marriage, exclusion from health and educational opportunities, and vulnerability to violence. (d) In our country, the legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys. (e) Boys become ready for marriage only after several years of adolescence and when they have entered young adulthood.   2. Flow Chart   Images during sleep → 2. Thoughts experienced during sleep → 3. Emotions felt during sleep → 4. Can be vivid or vague → 5. Can be joyful or frightening → 6. Essential to mental and emotional well-being.   3. Summary True education goes beyond grades and certificates; its main purpose is to improve our lives and society by fostering positive changes in our behaviour. This is achieved by applying the knowledge, skills, and values learned in the classroom to the real world through civic engagement. Civic engagement involves working to make a positive difference in the public life of a community. Responsible citizens engage in these activities by addressing public concerns, fighting against social injustice, and protecting public interests. This can be done through various actions, from organized protests like rallies and petitions to direct community services like cleaning a park or helping the elderly.   4. Fill in the Blanks (with box) (a) ability (b) developing (c) acquisition (d) mother (e) fact (f) using (g) communication (h) natural (i) aware (j) spontaneously   5. Fill in the Blanks (without box) (a) habit (b) addicted (c) foods / items (d) contain (e) junk (f) vitamins (g) risk (h) diseases (i) lead (j) careful   6. Rearrange Sentences The correct order is: (f) → (b) → (h) → (j) → (e) → (g) → (i) → (c) → (a) → (d)   Part 2— Guided Writing   7. Graph Description The bar graph illustrates the growth in the number of smartphone users over a seven-year period, from 2017 to 2023. The vertical axis shows the number of users in millions, while the horizontal axis represents the years.   The graph clearly indicates a consistent and significant increase in smartphone usage throughout the period. In 2017, the number of users was at its lowest point, standing at approximately 40 million. By 2019, this number had risen substantially to 60 million. The upward trend continued, and in 2021, the number of users reached 80 million. The most recent data for 2023 shows the number of smartphone users peaking at 100 million. This represents a 150% increase in users over just six years.   In conclusion, the graph demonstrates the rapid adoption and immense popularity of smartphone technology, showing a steep and uninterrupted growth in its user base from 2017 to 2023.   8. Once an ant was very thirsty. He went to a river bank to drink water. When he began to drink water, a wave rose and swept him into the current. The tiny ant struggled in the water, crying for help, but his voice was too small to be heard. Luckily, a dove sitting on a branch of a nearby tree saw the ant in trouble. Feeling pity for the small creature, the dove quickly plucked a large leaf and dropped it into the river near the struggling ant. The ant managed to climb onto the leaf, which acted like a small boat, carrying him safely to the riverbank. "Thank you, kind dove!" the ant chirped. "I will never forget your help." A few days later, the ant saw a hunter aiming his bow and arrow at the very same dove, who was resting on a branch, unaware of the danger. Remembering the dove's kindness, the ant knew he had to act fast. He crawled up to the hunter's bare foot and gave him a sharp, painful bite. The hunter cried out in pain and missed his shot. The noise startled the dove, who immediately realized the danger and flew away to safety. Moral:  One good turn deserves another. No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted.   9. Letter to a Pen-Friend 15/A, Green Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205. 23 July 2025   Dear Tania,   I hope this letter finds you in the best of health and spirits. It’s been a while since I last wrote to you. Today, I want to share my experience of celebrating the 16th of December, our Victory Day, at my college. It was a day filled with patriotism and pride.   The celebration began early in the morning. Our principal hoisted the national flag of Bangladesh on the college premises while we all sang the national anthem together. It was a truly moving moment. After that, a discussion meeting was held in our auditorium where our teachers and some guest speakers talked about the significance of the day and the history of our great Liberation War in 1971. Their words filled our hearts with deep respect for the freedom fighters.   Following the discussion, a cultural program was staged. Students performed patriotic songs, recited poems about the war, and presented a short play depicting the bravery of our martyrs. The entire campus was beautifully decorated with flags, festoons, and posters.   It was a day to remember our heroes and to feel proud of being a citizen of an independent country. I wish you could have been here to experience it.   Hope to hear from you soon.   Your loving friend, Mushfiq

This is a sample writing of a student. The corrected version given at the end. Student's Sample Writing Ans to Q. no.9 Mahmud:  Hey Manuf! How are you? Manuf:  Oh Hi Mahmud, I'm good, what about you? Mahmud:  I'm good too. Manuf:  Its been so long since we hake meet. Mahmud:  So what. we have been with each othen on messenger. Manuf:  youn right, mobile phone has made our life so eury to comunicat with. Mahmud:  Yeah! we ean comunicat with anyone around the world through mobail phome. Manuf:  Exeetly! But there ane a tot of abuse of mobail phone too. Mahmud:  Right, Prope Mobail Phone ane making people addicted. Manuf:  Yes, and they are becoming anti-social mone and seems to be Stuetk on the phone always. Mahmud:  They also leave study and whatch phone which is not good at all. Manuf:  Nowadays, teenegans and getting worse and having the most bad affeet of it. Mahmud:  And there also having a so called the over lovens on mobail phone who they hever eheh meet. Manuf:  I know right; the's genanation getting worest wonest. we should be mone concious using noobile Phone. Mahmud:  And also ginde others about the manit arel demarits of mobile phome. Manuf:  Parents should be careful about their child, and not givững them thene own phone before 18 geans. Mahmud:  well, we had such a great conversation. But I hake to go how. I have talutions. Manuf:  Alright then, see you around, Bye. Mahmud:  See you, Bye. Corrected Version: Dialogue on the Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phones Mahmud:  Hey Manuf! How are you? Manuf:  Oh, hi Mahmud. I'm good, what about you? Mahmud:  I'm good too. Manuf: (Option 1) It's been so long since we have met. (Option 2) It's been so long since we last met. Mahmud: (Option 1) So what? We've been talking with each other on Messenger. (Option 2) I know, but at least we've been chatting on Messenger. Manuf: (Option 1) You're right, the mobile phone has made our life so easy. (Option 2) You're right. Mobile phones have made it so easy to communicate. Mahmud: (Option 1) Yeah! We can communicate with anyone around the world through a mobile phone. (Option 2) Yes! We can communicate with anyone in the world using mobile phones. Manuf: (Option 1) Exactly! But there is a lot of misuse of mobile phones, too. (Option 2) Exactly! But there are many downsides to mobile phones, too. Mahmud: (Option 1) Right. Mobile phones are making people addicted. (Option 2) Right. People say mobile phones are making people addicted. Manuf:  Yes, and they are becoming more anti-social and always seem to be stuck on their phones. Mahmud: (Option 1) They also neglect their studies to watch their phones, which is not good at all. (Option 2) Also, they neglect their studies and just use their phones all the time, which isn't good. Manuf: (Option 1) Nowadays, teenagers are getting worse and are the most badly affected by it. (Option 2) Teenagers today are suffering the worst effects of it. Mahmud: (Option 1) And they're also having so-called "online lovers" on their mobile phones whom they've never even met. (Option 2) And they also have these so-called "online romances" through their phones with people they've never even met. Manuf:  I know, right? This generation is getting worse and worse. We should be more conscious about using mobile phones. Mahmud:  And we should also guide others about the merits and demerits of mobile phones. Manuf:  Parents should be careful with their children and not give them their own phones before they are 18 years old. Mahmud: (Option 1) Well, we had a great conversation, but I have to go now. (Option 2) Well, this has been a great conversation, but I've got to run now. Manuf:  Alright then, see you around. Bye! Mahmud:  See you. Bye! Advanced and Corrected Dialogue Options Dialogue on the Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phones Mahmud:  Hey Manuf! How are you? (This is natural and correct as is.) Manuf:  Oh, hi Mahmud. I'm good, what about you? (This is natural and correct as is.) Mahmud:  I'm good too. (This is natural and correct as is.) Original student sentence:  Its been so long since we hake meet.  Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): It's been so long since we last met. Option 2 (Idiomatic): It feels like ages since we last saw each other. Option 3 (Conversational):  I can't believe how long it's been. It's great to see you. Original student sentence:  So what. we have been with each othen on messenger.  Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): True, but at least we've been talking on Messenger. Option 2 (Nuanced): That's true, but we've managed to keep in touch on Messenger, which helps. Option 3 (Reflective):  I suppose so, but it's not quite the same as meeting in person, is it? Original student sentence:  youn right, mobile phone has made our life so eury to comunicat with. Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): You're right. Mobile phones have made it so easy to communicate. Option 2 (Advanced): Absolutely. It's undeniable how much easier mobile phones have made it to stay connected. Option 3 (Sophisticated):  I agree. The convenience of mobile phones in terms of communication is unparalleled. Original student sentence:  Yeah! we ean comunicat with anyone around the world through mobail phome. Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Yeah! We can communicate with anyone around the world through a mobile phone. Option 2 (Descriptive):  Definitely. We can connect with people across the globe almost instantly. Option 3 (Formal): For sure. They've essentially eliminated geographical barriers to communication. Original student sentence:  Exeetly! But there ane a tot of abuse of mobail phone too.  Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Exactly! But there's a lot of misuse of mobile phones, too. Option 2 (Idiomatic): I agree, but on the flip side, the potential for misuse is enormous. Option 3 (Advanced): Precisely. However, there's a significant downside to their prevalence. Original student sentence:  Right, Prope Mobail Phone ane making people addicted.  Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Right. Mobile phones are making people addicted. Option 2 (Advanced): True. Their addictive nature is becoming a serious concern. Option 3 (Insightful):  You're right. It seems like they're fostering a culture of dependency. Original student sentence:  Yes, and they are becoming anti-social mone and seems to be Stuetk on the phone always.  Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Yes, and they're becoming more anti-social and always seem to be stuck on their phones. Option 2 (Descriptive):  Exactly. It seems to be making people more withdrawn; they're constantly glued to their screens. Option 3 (Sociological):  I agree. It can foster a sense of isolation, with everyone perpetually engrossed in their own digital world. Original student sentence:  They also leave study and whatch phone which is not good at all.  Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): They also neglect their studies to look at their phones, which is not good at all. Option 2 (Advanced): It also has a detrimental effect on their studies; they often prioritize their phones over their schoolwork. Option 3 (Formal): Furthermore, their academic performance often suffers because their attention is constantly diverted to their devices. Original student sentence:  Nowadays, teenegans and getting worse and having the most bad affeet of it. Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Nowadays, teenagers are the most badly affected by it. Option 2 (Idiomatic): Teenagers, in particular, seem to be bearing the brunt of the negative effects. Option 3 (Concerned): It's especially concerning for teenagers, who seem most susceptible to the negative impacts. Original student sentence:  And there also having a so called the over lovens on mobail phone who they hever eheh meet.  Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): And they also have so-called "online lovers" on their phones whom they've never even met. Option 2 (Advanced): Not to mention the rise of superficial online relationships with people they've never met in person. Option 3 (Descriptive):  And it facilitates these so-called "virtual romances," often with complete strangers. Original student sentence:  I know right; the's genanation getting worest wonest. we should be mone concious using noobile Phone.  Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): I know, right? This generation is getting worse. We should be more conscious about using mobile phones. Option 2 (Idiomatic): You've hit the nail on the head. We all need to be more deliberate and conscious of how we use them. Option 3 (Proactive): I completely agree. We need to promote more mindful usage of mobile phones. Original student sentence:  And also ginde others about the manit arel demarits of mobile phome. Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): And we should also guide others about the merits and demerits of mobile phones. Option 2 (Idiomatic): And we should make others aware of the pros and cons of mobile phone usage. Option 3 (Advanced): We also have a responsibility to educate others about both the advantages and the pitfalls. Original student sentence:  Parents should be careful about their child, and not givững them thene own phone before 18 geans.  Manuf (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Parents should be careful with their children and not give them their own phones before they are 18 years old. Option 2 (Advisory): Parents also need to be more vigilant and consider delaying the age at which their children get a personal smartphone. Option 3 (Formal): Parental guidance is crucial. Perhaps they should refrain from giving their children personal phones until they're mature enough to handle the responsibility. Original student sentence:  well, we had such a great conversation. But I hake to go how. I have talutions.  Mahmud (Corrected Options): Option 1 (Standard): Well, we had a great conversation, but I have to go now. Option 2 (Idiomatic): It was great catching up and discussing this, but I should probably get going. Option 3 (Polite): Well, this has been a very insightful conversation, but I'm afraid I have to run. Manuf:  Alright then, see you around. Bye! (This is natural and correct as is.) Mahmud:  See you. Bye! (This is natural and correct as is.)

সিলেট বোর্ড ১১৩ 03 Set ১০৫৮/২০২৫  ENGLISH   FIRST PAPER   [According to the Syllabus of 2025]   Subject Code: 1 07   Time-3 hours.   Full marks-100   [N.B. Answer all the questions. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A-Reading Test   Marks-50 Read the passage. Then answer the questions 1 and 2:   Countries of the world rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas for their energy sources. There are two major types of energy sources: renewable and non-renewable. Hydro-carbon or fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy. Reliance on them poses real big problems. First, fossil fuels such as oil, coal, gas etc. are finite energy resources and the world eventually will run out of them. Secondly, they will become too expensive in the coming decades and too damaging for the environment. Thirdly, fossil fuels have direct polluting impacts on earth's environment causing global warming. In contrast, renewable energy sources such as, wind and solar energy are constantly and naturally replenished and never run out. Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight or solar energy can be used for heating and lighting homes, for generating electricity and for other commercial and industrial uses. The sun's heat drives the wind and this wind energy can be captured with wind turbines to produce electricity. Then the wind and the sun's heat cause water to evaporate. When the water vapour turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured as hydroelectric energy. Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. Plants produce biomass which again can be turned into fuels such as firewood, alcohol, etc. that are called bioenergy. Scientists have identified hydrogen as another form of renewable energy source. It is the most abundant element in nature. But it does not exist separately as a gas. It is always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Hydrogen, separated from another element, can be burned as a fuel to produce electricity. Our Earth's interior contains molten lava which gives off extreme heat. This heat inside the earth produces steam and hot water which can be used as geothermal energy to produce electricity for heating homes, etc. Ocean energy comes from several sources Ocean's force of tide and wave can be used to produce energy. The surface of the ocean gets more heat from the sun than the ocean depths. This temperature difference can be used as energy source too. 1. Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives: 1×7=7 (i) What is the major problem with fossil fuels? (a) They are constantly replenished. (b) They cause global warming. (c) They are free of cost. (d) They do not pollute air. (ii) What is produced when water vapour turns into rain or snow and flows downhill? (a) Solar energy (b) Geothermal energy (c) Hydroelectric energy (d) Wind energy (iii) What is the most abundant element in nature identified as a renewable energy source?. (a) Carbon (b) Oxygen (c) Hydrogen (d) Nitrogen (iv) What does 'finite' mean in the context of energy resources? (a) Unlimited (b) Limited (c) Renewable (d) Constant (v) What does 'replenished mean regarding renewable energy sources? (a) Depleted (b) Restored (c) Destroyed (d) Washed (vi) What is a direct polluting impact of fossil fuels on the environment? (a) Decreased global temperatures (b) Increased air pollution (c) Enhanced solar energy (d) Reduced geothermal activity (vii) What does 'geothermal' refer to in the passage? (a) Solar energy (b) Wind energy (c) Earth's internal heat (d) Ocean waves 2. Answer the following questions:  2×5=10  (a) What can sunlight be used for? (b) What is biomass, and how is it turned into bioenergy? (c) Why is reliance on fossil fuels problematic? (d) How can the ocean's force of tide and wave be used to produce energy? (e) Explain in 2 or 3 sentences why fossil fuels are considered finite energy resources? 3. Read the following text and fill in each gap with a suitable word based on the information of the text:  1×5=5  Yoga is a kind of posture and breathing exercise. It brings together physical and mental disciplines to achieve peace of body and mind, helping you relax and manage stress and anxiety. Traditional yoga puts emphasis on behaviour, diet and meditation. But if you're just looking for better stress management and not an entire lifestyle change yoga can still help. Yoga trainers gradually choose easier to complex activities for practitioners. However, all practioners do not necessarily need the same kinds of practice. Yoga is a form of exercise (a) __________ includes specific body positions and breathing methods. It combines physical and mental (b) __________ to help achieve harmony between body and mind. This practice is effective in reducising stress and (c)__________. Traditional yoga places importance on diet, (d) __________ and meditation. However, not every (e) __________ requires the same type of practice. 4. Read the passage about Abraham Lincoln and complete the following table with information from the passage:  1×5=5  Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the USA. He is renowned for his Gettysburg Address, delivered during the American Civil War on November 19, 1863. Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky, USA. His parents hailed from Virginia. In 1819, his mother passed away, prompting his father to move the family to Indiana, where Lincoln grew up. He served as a captain in the Black Hawk War. In 1860, he was nominated for the presidency and was elected as the President of the USA in 1861. Lincoln famously issued the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring a ban on slavery in America on January 1, 1863. He was re-elected in 1864. Tragically, on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, he was assassinated at Ford's theatre in Washington D.C. Name of Events Place Year/Time Born (i) __________ February 12, 1809 (ii) __________ Gettysburg November 19, 1863 Declared ban on slavery the USA (iii) __________ Became the President (iv) __________ 1861 (v) __________ Washington D.C. April 14, 1865 5. Write a summary of the above passage in your own words:  10 6. Match the parts of the sentences given in column 'A', 'B' and 'C' to write five complete sentences:  1×5=5 Column A Column B Column C (a) Truthfulness (i) tomorrow it will (i) the respect of others. (b) We must (ii) will never win (ii) all human virtues. (c) Otherwise, we (iii) cultivate the habit (iii) come to light. (d) We know that a lie (iv) is the greatest of (iv) of speaking the truth. (e) Today or (v) never lies (v) hidden for long. 7. Put the following parts of the story in correct order to make the whole story. Only the corresponding numbers of the sentences need to be written.  1×8=8 (a) Saadi set out for the palace wearing an ordinary dress and stopped at a courtier's house on the way to spend the night. (b) On his way back, Saadi again stopped at the same house but this time he wore a rich dress. (c) The courtier realized his mistake and apologized to him. (d) One day, the emperor invited him to his palace.. (e) Instead of eating Saadi started to put the food into his pockets, saying that his dress deserved it. (f) Sheikh Saadi was a great Persian poet who would lead a simple life. (g) The courtier then welcomed him warmly and served him delicious food. (h) The courtier considered him as an ordinary person and did not.. treat him well. Part B-Writing Test   Marks-50 8. Answer the following questions to write a paragraph on ' The Importance of Co-curricular Activities in a School'.'.  10  (a) What are the co-curricular activities? (b) Why are they important in a school? (c) How do they help with learning?" (d) How do they help students grow personally? (e) How do they prepare students for the future? 9. Read the beginning of a story below. Add at least ten new sentences to complete the story:  10  Once upon a time there lived a poor boy in a village. He was very meritorious. The boy completed his primary education and wanted to continue his studies but his poor parents was unable to send him high school. The boy had a dream to... 10. The pie-chart below shows the percentage of transportation used by the students to come to their school. Describe the chart in 150 words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the chart.  10  11. Suppose, you are Arpita/Arpon living in Chattogram. Your friend Nafis who lives in the USA is very much concerned about the frequent road accidents in Bangladesh. Now, write an email to your friend describing the causes and effects of road accidents in Bangladesh.  10 12. Students have great responsibilities to their parents, their family, their teachers and the society where they live. Now, write a dialogue between you and your fjernd, Himel about the duties and responsibilities of students. 10 SSC - 2025 English 1st Paper Sylhet Board Questions with Answer Answer to the Question No. 1 (i) (b) They cause global warming. (ii) (c) Hydroelectric energy (iii) (c) Hydrogen (iv) (b) Limited (v) (b) Restored (vi) (b) Increased air pollution (vii) (c) Earth’s internal heat Answer to the Question No. 2 (a) What can sunlight be used for? Ans:  According to the passage, sunlight or solar energy can be used for heating and lighting homes, for generating electricity, and for various other commercial and industrial purposes. (b) What is biomass, and how is it turned into bioenergy? Ans:  Biomass is organic material produced by plants that grow with the help of sunlight, rain, and snow. It can be turned into fuels like firewood and alcohol, and these fuels are called bioenergy. (c) Why is reliance on fossil fuels problematic? Ans:  Reliance on fossil fuels is problematic for three main reasons: they are finite and will eventually run out, they will become too expensive in the future, and their burning causes direct pollution and global warming. (d) How can the ocean’s force of tide and wave be used to produce energy? Ans:  The ocean's powerful forces, such as the movement of tides and waves, can be captured and used to produce energy, which is a form of renewable ocean energy. (e) Explain in 2 or 3 sentences why fossil fuels are considered finite energy resources? Ans:  Fossil fuels are considered finite energy resources because they are formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals. We are consuming them much faster than they are being created. Therefore, they are non-renewable and the world's supply will eventually be exhausted. Answer to the Question No. 3 (a) which (b) disciplines (c) anxiety (d) behaviour (e) practitioner Answer to the Question No. 4 Name of Events Place Year/Time Born (i) Kentucky, USA February 12, 1809 (ii) Delivered the speech Gettysburg November 19, 1863 Declared ban on slavery the USA (iii) 1863 Became the President (iv) the USA 1861 (v) Was assassinated Washington D.C. April 14, 1865 Answer to the Question No. 5 Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the USA, was born in Kentucky in 1809. He is famously remembered for his Gettysburg Address, which he delivered in 1863. He was elected president in 1861 and played a crucial role during the American Civil War, issuing the Emancipation Proclamation to ban slavery. After being re-elected in 1864, he was tragically assassinated at Ford’s Theatre in 1865. Answer to the Question No. 6 (a) Truthfulness is the greatest of all human virtues. (b) We must cultivate the habit of speaking the truth. (c) Otherwise, we will never win the respect of others. (d) We know that a lie never lies hidden for long. (e) Today or tomorrow it will come to light. Answer to the Question No. 7 The correct order of the sentences is: f → d → a → h → b → g → e → c . Answer to the Question No. 8 The Importance of Co-curricular Activities in a School Co-curricular activities are activities that take place outside the regular academic curriculum, such as sports, debate, music, drama, and science clubs. These activities are extremely important in a school because they contribute to the all-round development of a student. They help with learning by providing practical and hands-on experience, making education more enjoyable and meaningful. For example, a science fair can make science concepts more interesting than just reading them in a textbook. These activities help students grow personally by developing their hidden talents, boosting their confidence, and improving their social skills. Participating in group activities like sports or drama teaches them teamwork, leadership, and discipline. Co-curricular activities prepare students for the future by equipping them with essential life skills that are not taught in classrooms. These skills help them to become well-rounded, creative, and responsible citizens. Answer to the Question No. 9 A Dream Fulfilled Through Hard Work Once upon a time there lived a poor boy in a village. He was very meritorious. The boy completed his primary education and wanted to continue his studies but his poor parents were unable to send him to high school. The boy had a dream to become a doctor and serve the poor people of his village. Determined not to give up, he decided to earn money to fund his own education. He started working as a helper in a local grocery shop in the evenings after school hours. He also began giving tuition to younger children in his neighbourhood. It was very difficult for him, as he had to balance his work and his studies. He would often study late at night under the light of a kerosene lamp. Seeing his strong determination and hard work, the headmaster of the local high school was very impressed. He granted the boy a full scholarship and exempted him from all tuition fees. With this help and his own relentless efforts, the boy passed his SSC and HSC exams with outstanding results. He then got admitted into a government medical college. After becoming a doctor, he returned to his village and fulfilled his dream of serving the poor. Answer to the Question No. 10 Transportation Used by Students The given pie chart illustrates the percentage of different modes of transportation used by students to come to their school. The chart is divided into four categories: By Bus, On Foot, By Rickshaw, and By Car. According to the chart, the most common mode of transportation is the bus, used by 40% of the students. This is the largest segment, suggesting that many students live far from the school or find the bus service convenient. The second most common way to come to school is on foot, which is used by 30% of the students. This indicates that a significant number of students live close to the school. Coming by rickshaw is the third most popular option, accounting for 20% of the students. The least used mode of transport is the car, with only 10% of students using it to come to school. This suggests that very few students rely on private cars for their daily commute. In summary, the chart shows that public transport (bus) and walking are the primary means of transportation for the majority (70%) of the students, while a smaller portion uses rickshaws and private cars. Answer to the Question No. 11 To:   nafis_usa@email.com Subject:  Causes and effects of road accidents in Bangladesh My dear Nafis, I hope you are doing well. In your last email, you expressed your concern about the frequent road accidents in our country. Today, I'm writing to you about the causes and effects of this serious problem. The primary cause of road accidents in Bangladesh is reckless driving. Many drivers, especially of buses and trucks, drive at high speeds and often violate traffic rules. Other major causes include the poor condition of roads, a large number of unfit and unlicensed vehicles, and a general lack of awareness about traffic safety among both drivers and pedestrians. The effects of these accidents are devastating. Every year, thousands of people lose their lives, and many more are seriously injured or become permanently disabled. These accidents cause immense suffering to the victims and their families, often pushing them into poverty due to the loss of an earning member or high treatment costs. It is a huge loss for our national economy as well. The government is trying to address this issue, but public awareness and strict enforcement of traffic laws are needed to reduce this menace. No more today. Take care of yourself. Your loving friend, Arpita Answer to the Question No. 12 A Dialogue on the Duties and Responsibilities of Students Myself:  Hello Himel, how are you? You look very thoughtful today. Himel:  Hello! I'm fine. I was just thinking about our role as students. What do you think are our main duties and responsibilities? Myself:  That's a great topic. I believe our primary duty is to study hard and acquire knowledge. We should be attentive in class and respectful to our teachers. Himel:  I agree completely. But are our responsibilities limited to just our studies? Myself:  Not at all. We also have important responsibilities towards our parents and family. We should obey our parents, help them with their work, and take care of them, especially when they grow old. Himel:  You're right. What about our duties to society? Myself:  As students and future citizens, we have a great responsibility towards society. We should be honest, disciplined, and patriotic. We can take part in social work like teaching the illiterate, planting trees, and keeping our surroundings clean. Himel:  That's a wonderful point. So, we need to be good in our studies and also be good human beings. Myself:  Exactly. We should also be kind and helpful to our friends and neighbours. By performing all these duties, we can prepare ourselves to be ideal citizens and serve our country in the future. Himel:  Thank you for this discussion. It has really made me think about my responsibilities more seriously. Myself:  You're welcome. It's important for all of us to be aware of our duties.

HSC Examination-2025 English 2nd Paper Question-1 Preposition- Gap Filling Activities Strategies: 1. Read the passage very carefully ( 2 times). 2. After writing the answers , examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap . 3. Remember that most of them might be appropriate preposition. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-1” 2. Always write the answers downward. 3. You can write like- (a)on (b) to (c) at …… Question -2 Gap Filling Activities ( Special of some phrases) Strategies: 1. At first read the options very carefully. 2. Try to determine which option will fit in the specific gaps 3. One word/phrase is used once only 4. After writing the answers , examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap 5. .Write only the answers How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-2” 2. Write only the answers. 3. Always write the answers downward. 4. You can write like- (a)have to (b) what’s it like (c) let alone …… Question-3 Completing Sentences Strategies: 1. Read all sentences from the beginning to the last. 2. Determine the topic or subject matter of the exercise. 3. Complete the sentences using preferably a clause or phrase according to the context. 4. Read the completed sentences again to see whether they make sense or not. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-3” 2. Write the sentence which you are to complete. 3. Underline the portion that you have written. 4. You can write like- (a) If we drink arsenic polluted water, we are sure to fall sick . (b) Surface water is safe when it is boiled . (c) Pond water is not safe as different types of filthy things are mixed with it. …………. Question 4 Use of Verbs Strategies: 1. Read the given text very carefully. (at least 2 times). 2. Determine the tense of the passage and write the appropriate form of the verbs. 3. Write the answers 4. Re-read the passage using the form of the verbs to see whether your words sound reasonable in the context How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-4” 2. Write only the answers. 3. Always write the answers downward. 4. You can write like- (a) happened (b) has been being done (c) will be doing … Question- 5 Narrative Style Strategies: 1. Read the passage very carefully (2 times). 2. Determine the speaker, the person spoken to and tense and person of the given text. 3. Write the answer accordingly. 4. Put the inverted comma according to rule if you are to convert indirect to direct. 5. Read your full answer . How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-5” 2. You can write your answer like this: Answer: The ticket seller asked the stranger respectfully where he (S) liked to go. The stranger replied that he (S) liked to go to Cox's Bazar. The ticket seller asked the stranger how many tickets he (S) needed. He (S) replied that he (S) would buy five tickets. The ticket seller told him (S) to take those tickets. He (T) added that they would cost three thousand taka. Question 6 Modifiers Strategies: 1. At first read the passage with gaps very carefully. 2. Starting from the beginning read the hints given in the brackets. 3. After writing the answers, read the sentences back to examine whether sentences make sense. 4. Write only the answers. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-6” 2. Write only the answers. 3. You can write like- (a) begging (b) to earn (c) landless … Question 7 Sentence Connectors Strategies: 1. At first read the passage with gaps very carefully. 2. Try to determine the topic and sequence of the actions. 3. You may use one connector twice. 4. After writing the answers, examine whether the connector sounds correct in the given gap 5. Write only the answers. 6. Remember, connectors are easy but confusing. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-7” 2. Write only the answers. 3. You can write like- (a) In fact (b) But (c) Rather … Question-8 Synonyms and Antonyms Strategies: 1. Read the given text very carefully. 2. Observe how the words are used in the text. 3. According to the text try to write the synonyms/antonyms. 4. When synonyms are written the meaning should remain similar. In case of antonyms the meaning might become opposite. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-8” 2. You can write like- (a)great (b) easy (c) necessity … Question 9 Punctuation Strategies: 1. At first read the passage carefully (2 times) 2. Determine whether the given passage is written in direct or indirect speech. 3. If the passage is in direct speech, use the quotation mark accordingly. 4. Rewrite the passage using punctuation marks. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-9” 2. Rewrite only the answers. You can write like- “Do not worry about a few mistakes,” said the teacher. “You can learn a lot through your mistakes.” “Do we learn from our mistakes?” asked the boy. Question 10 Formal Letter/Email (Application) Strategies: 1. Read the given text very carefully. ( at least 2 times) 2. Underline the key words of the application. 3. Start writing from the beginning of the page. 4. Don’t write overleaf. 5. Always use formal language in application. 6. Use formal tone and academic vocabulary. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-10” 2. Write the application starting from the beginning of the page. 3. You can use small hand writing to accommodate more words. Question 11 Writing Paragraph Strategies: 1. Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. 2. Keep reasonable margin in all sides 3. Must write the Name of the paragraph (heading/title) 4. Never write more than one paragraph. 5. Write as many words as mentioned in the question( usually 200 words) if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. 6. Students usually write paragraph 1-3 pages. 7. Maintain the key writing techniques for paragraph- starter, developer and concluding remark. How to write answer: 1. Write “Answer to the Question No-11” 2. Write the name of the paragraph keeping equal space on both sides. 3. Write the paragraph Question 12 Writing Paragraph Strategies: Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. Keep reasonable margin in all sides Must write the Name of the paragraph (heading/title) Never write more than one paragraph. Write as many words as mentioned in the question( usually 200 words) if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. Students usually write paragraph 1-3 pages. Maintain the key writing techniques for paragraph- starter, developer and concluding remark. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-12” Write the name of the paragraph keeping equal space on both sides. Write the paragraph এইচএসসি ইংরেজি দ্বিতীয় পত্রে ভালো করার কৌশল (Strategies for Doing Well in HSC English Second Paper) এখানে HSC Examination-2025 English 2nd Paper-এর প্রতিটি প্রশ্নের জন্য নির্দেশাবলী এবং উত্তর লেখার পদ্ধতি bilingual (English এবং Bangla) আকারে দেওয়া হলো: Here are the instructions and answer writing methods for each question of the HSC Examination-2023 English 2nd Paper, presented in a bilingual (English and Bangla) format: Question-1 Preposition- Gap Filling Activities প্রশ্ন-১: প্রিপোজিশন - শূন্যস্থান পূরণ Strategies (কৌশল): Read the passage very carefully (2 times). passage টি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন (২ বার)। After writing the answers, examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap. উত্তর লেখার পর, যাচাই করুন প্রিপোজিশনটি প্রদত্ত শূন্যস্থানে সঠিক শোনাচ্ছে কিনা। Remember that most of them might be appropriate preposition. মনে রাখবেন যে তাদের বেশিরভাগই উপযুক্ত প্রিপোজিশন হতে পারে। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-1”. "Answer to the Question No-1" লিখুন। Always write the answers downward. সবসময় উত্তরগুলো নিচে নিচে লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) on (b) to (c) at …… Question -2 Gap Filling Activities (Special of some phrases) প্রশ্ন-২: শূন্যস্থান পূরণ (কিছু বিশেষ phrases) Strategies (কৌশল): At first read the options very carefully. প্রথমে অপশনগুলো খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন। Try to determine which option will fit in the specific gaps. নির্দিষ্ট শূন্যস্থানে কোন অপশনটি মানানসই হবে তা নির্ণয় করার চেষ্টা করুন। One word/phrase is used once only. একটি শব্দ/phrase শুধুমাত্র একবার ব্যবহার করা যাবে। After writing the answers, examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap. উত্তর লেখার পর, যাচাই করুন প্রিপোজিশনটি প্রদত্ত শূন্যস্থানে সঠিক শোনাচ্ছে কিনা। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-2”. "Answer to the Question No-2" লিখুন। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। Always write the answers downward. সবসময় উত্তরগুলো নিচে নিচে লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) have to (b) what’s it like (c) let alone …… Question-3 Completing Sentences প্রশ্ন-৩: বাক্য সম্পূর্ণকরণ Strategies (কৌশল): Read all sentences from the beginning to the last. শুরু থেকে শেষ পর্যন্ত সব বাক্য পড়ুন। Determine the topic or subject matter of the exercise. অনুশীলনের বিষয়বস্তু বা মূল ধারণাটি নির্ণয় করুন। Complete the sentences using preferably a clause or phrase according to the context. প্রসঙ্গ অনুযায়ী একটি clause বা phrase ব্যবহার করে বাক্যগুলো সম্পূর্ণ করুন। Read the completed sentences again to see whether they make sense or not. সম্পূর্ণ করা বাক্যগুলো আবার পড়ুন, সেগুলোর অর্থপূর্ণতা যাচাই করার জন্য। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-3”. "Answer to the Question No-3" লিখুন। Write the sentence which you are to complete. যে বাক্যটি সম্পূর্ণ করতে হবে সেটি লিখুন। Underline the portion that you have written. যে অংশটি আপনি লিখেছেন, তার নিচে আন্ডারলাইন করুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) If we drink arsenic polluted water, we are sure to fall sick. (b) Surface water is safe when it is boiled. (c) Pond water is not safe as different types of filthy things are mixed with it. …………. Question 4 Use of Verbs প্রশ্ন-৪: ক্রিয়াপদের ব্যবহার Strategies (কৌশল): Read the given text very carefully (at least 2 times). প্রদত্ত পাঠ্যটি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন (কমপক্ষে ২ বার)। Determine the tense of the passage and write the appropriate form of the verbs. passage-এর tense নির্ণয় করুন এবং ক্রিয়াপদের সঠিক রূপ লিখুন। Write the answers. উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। Re-read the passage using the form of the verbs to see whether your words sound reasonable in the context. ক্রিয়াগুলির সঠিক রূপ ব্যবহার করে passage টি আবার পড়ুন, আপনার শব্দগুলি প্রাসঙ্গিক কিনা তা দেখতে। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-4”. "Answer to the Question No-4" লিখুন। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। Always write the answers downward. সবসময় উত্তরগুলো নিচে নিচে লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) happened (b) has been being done (c) will be doing … Question- 5 Narrative Style প্রশ্ন-৫: ন্যারেশন Strategies (কৌশল): Read the passage very carefully (2 times). Passage টি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন (২ বার)। Determine the speaker, the person spoken to and tense and person of the given text. বক্তা, যাকে বলা হচ্ছে, এবং প্রদত্ত পাঠ্যের কাল ও পুরুষ নির্ণয় করুন। Write the answer accordingly. সেই অনুযায়ী উত্তর লিখুন। Put the inverted comma according to rule if you are to convert indirect to direct. যদি Indirect থেকে Direct-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়, তাহলে নিয়ম অনুযায়ী inverted comma ব্যবহার করুন। Read your full answer. আপনার সম্পূর্ণ উত্তরটি পড়ুন। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-5”. "Answer to the Question No-5" লিখুন। You can write your answer like this: আপনি আপনার উত্তরটি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন: Answer: The ticket seller asked the stranger respectfully where he (S) liked to go. The stranger replied that he (S) liked to go to Cox's Bazar. The ticket seller asked the stranger how many tickets he (S) needed. He (S) replied that he (S) would buy five tickets. The ticket seller told him (S) to take those tickets. He (T) added that they would cost three thousand taka. Question 6 Modifiers প্রশ্ন-৬: মডিফায়ার Strategies (কৌশল): At first read the passage with gaps very carefully. প্রথমে শূন্যস্থান সহ passage টি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন। Starting from the beginning read the hints given in the brackets. শুরু থেকে ব্র্যাকেটে দেওয়া ইঙ্গিতগুলো পড়ুন। After writing the answers, read the sentences back to examine whether sentences make sense. উত্তর লেখার পর, বাক্যগুলো আবার পড়ুন এবং দেখুন সেগুলো অর্থপূর্ণ হচ্ছে কিনা। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-6”. "Answer to the Question No-6" লিখুন। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) begging (b) to earn (c) landless … Question 7 Sentence Connectors প্রশ্ন-৭: বাক্য সংযোগকারী শব্দ Strategies (কৌশল): At first read the passage with gaps very carefully. প্রথমে শূন্যস্থান সহ passage টি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন। Try to determine the topic and sequence of the actions. বিষয়বস্তু এবং কাজগুলোর ক্রম নির্ণয় করার চেষ্টা করুন। You may use one connector twice. আপনি একটি connector দুবার ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। After writing the answers, examine whether the connector sounds correct in the given gap. উত্তর লেখার পর, যাচাই করুন connector টি প্রদত্ত শূন্যস্থানে সঠিক শোনাচ্ছে কিনা। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। Remember, connectors are easy but confusing. মনে রাখবেন, connectors সহজ কিন্তু বিভ্রান্তিকর হতে পারে। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-7”. "Answer to the Question No-7" লিখুন। Write only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) In fact (b) But (c) Rather … Question-8 Synonyms and Antonyms প্রশ্ন-৮: সমার্থক শব্দ এবং বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ Strategies (কৌশল): Read the given text very carefully. প্রদত্ত পাঠ্যটি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন। Observe how the words are used in the text. পাঠ্যে শব্দগুলো কীভাবে ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে তা লক্ষ্য করুন। According to the text try to write the synonyms/antonyms. পাঠ্য অনুযায়ী সমার্থক/বিপরীতার্থক শব্দগুলো লেখার চেষ্টা করুন। When synonyms are written the meaning should remain similar. In case of antonyms the meaning might become opposite. সমার্থক শব্দ লেখার সময় অর্থ একই থাকা উচিত। বিপরীতার্থক শব্দের ক্ষেত্রে অর্থ বিপরীত হতে পারে। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-8”. "Answer to the Question No-8" লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- (a) great (b) easy (c) necessity … Question 9 Punctuation প্রশ্ন-৯: বিরাম চিহ্ন Strategies (কৌশল): At first read the passage carefully (2 times). প্রথমে passage টি মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন (২ বার)। Determine whether the given passage is written in direct or indirect speech. প্রদত্ত passage টি Direct নাকি Indirect speech এ লেখা হয়েছে তা নির্ণয় করুন। If the passage is in direct speech, use the quotation mark accordingly. যদি passage টি Direct speech এ থাকে, তাহলে সে অনুযায়ী উদ্ধৃতি চিহ্ন (" ") ব্যবহার করুন। Rewrite the passage using punctuation marks. বিরাম চিহ্ন ব্যবহার করে passage টি আবার লিখুন। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-9”. "Answer to the Question No-9" লিখুন। Rewrite only the answers. শুধুমাত্র উত্তরগুলো আবার লিখুন। You can write like- আপনি এভাবে লিখতে পারেন- “Do not worry about a few mistakes,” said the teacher. “You can learn a lot through your mistakes.” “Do we learn from our mistakes?” asked the boy. Question 10 Formal Letter/Email (Application) প্রশ্ন-১০: আনুষ্ঠানিক চিঠি/ইমেল (দরখাস্ত) Strategies (কৌশল): Read the given text very carefully (at least 2 times). প্রদত্ত পাঠ্যটি খুব মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ুন (কমপক্ষে ২ বার)। Underline the key words of the application. দরখাস্তের মূল শব্দগুলো আন্ডারলাইন করুন। Start writing from the beginning of the page. পাতার শুরু থেকে লেখা শুরু করুন। Don’t write overleaf. পাতার উল্টো দিকে লিখবেন না। Always use formal language in application. সবসময় দরখাস্তে আনুষ্ঠানিক ভাষা ব্যবহার করুন। Use formal tone and academic vocabulary. আনুষ্ঠানিক সুর এবং একাডেমিক শব্দভাণ্ডার ব্যবহার করুন। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-10”. "Answer to the Question No-10" লিখুন। Write the application starting from the beginning of the page. পাতার শুরু থেকে দরখাস্তটি লিখুন। You can use small hand writing to accommodate more words. বেশি শব্দ লেখার জন্য আপনি ছোট হাতের লেখা ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। Question 11 Writing Paragraph প্রশ্ন-১১: অনুচ্ছেদ লিখন Strategies (কৌশল): Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. পাতার শুরু থেকে অনুচ্ছেদটি লেখা শুরু করুন। Keep reasonable margin in all sides. সব পাশে যুক্তিসঙ্গত মার্জিন রাখুন। Must write the Name of the paragraph (heading/title). অবশ্যই অনুচ্ছেদের নাম (শিরোনাম) লিখুন। Never write more than one paragraph. কখনো একের বেশি অনুচ্ছেদ লিখবেন না। Write as many words as mentioned in the question (usually 200 words) if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত শব্দ সংখ্যা অনুযায়ী লিখুন (সাধারণত ২০০ শব্দ), যদি শব্দ সংখ্যা উল্লেখ না থাকে তবে আপনার সময় বরাদ্দ অনুযায়ী লিখুন। Students usually write paragraph 1-3 pages. শিক্ষার্থীরা সাধারণত ১-৩ পৃষ্ঠা পর্যন্ত অনুচ্ছেদ লেখে। Maintain the key writing techniques for paragraph - starter, developer and concluding remark. অনুচ্ছেদ লেখার মূল কৌশলগুলি বজায় রাখুন - সূচনা, বর্ণনা এবং উপসংহার। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-11”. "Answer to the Question No-11" লিখুন। Write the name of the paragraph keeping equal space on both sides. উভয় পাশে সমান স্থান রেখে অনুচ্ছেদের নামটি লিখুন। Write the paragraph. অনুচ্ছেদটি লিখুন। Question 12 Writing Paragraph প্রশ্ন-১২: অনুচ্ছেদ লিখন Strategies (কৌশল): Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. পাতার শুরু থেকে অনুচ্ছেদটি লেখা শুরু করুন। Keep reasonable margin in all sides. সব পাশে যুক্তিসঙ্গত মার্জিন রাখুন। Must write the Name of the paragraph (heading/title). অবশ্যই অনুচ্ছেদের নাম (শিরোনাম) লিখুন। Never write more than one paragraph. কখনো একের বেশি অনুচ্ছেদ লিখবেন না। Write as many words as mentioned in the question (usually 200 words) if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত শব্দ সংখ্যা অনুযায়ী লিখুন (সাধারণত ২০০ শব্দ), যদি শব্দ সংখ্যা উল্লেখ না থাকে তবে আপনার সময় বরাদ্দ অনুযায়ী লিখুন। Students usually write paragraph 1-3 pages. শিক্ষার্থীরা সাধারণত ১-৩ পৃষ্ঠা পর্যন্ত অনুচ্ছেদ লেখে। Maintain the key writing techniques for paragraph - starter, developer and concluding remark. অনুচ্ছেদ লেখার মূল কৌশলগুলি বজায় রাখুন - সূচনা, বর্ণনা এবং উপসংহার। How to write answer (উত্তর লেখার নিয়ম): Write “Answer to the Question No-12”. "Answer to the Question No-12" লিখুন। Write the name of the paragraph keeping equal space on both sides. উভয় পাশে সমান স্থান রেখে অনুচ্ছেদের নামটি লিখুন। Write the paragraph. অনুচ্ছেদটি লিখুন।

02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Robert Hayden was born (a)_______________ a poor family (b)_______________ Detriot in USA in 1913 and had a difficult childhood beset (c)_______________ eyesight problems. He was raised (d)_______________ part (e)_______________ foster parents and missed a father’s caring love. But in the sonnet, which is (f)_______________ a childhood memory, he writes (g)_______________ a father probably his own who is harsh and often angry, but does love his son (h)_______________ his own way. Hayden, a black American, wrote (i)_______________ black experiences and history. He died (j)_______________ 1980. Reference: English For Today Page-107     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   was born  as soon as     would rather what does- look like     had better     what’s-like have to/ has to     let alone there it           (a) Manners make a man. Students _______________ practise good manners in everyday life. (b) You look exhausted. You _______________ take rest to refresh yourself. (c) Mansib has not yet got 1st dose of Covid-19 vaccine, _______________ booster dose. (d) Our spring is very charming. During spring, various kinds of flowers bloom. _______________ seems that everything has got a new life. (e) Rodela: _______________ the frozen mountain peak _______________? Namira: It looks like a white dome. (f) Kazi Nazrul is our rebel poet. He _______________ in Churulia of West Bengal. (g) The sky is cloudy and it may storm at any moment. So, we should start our journey _______________ possible. (h) _______________ your family _______________? I belong to a nuclear family. (i) I _______________ remain silent than quarrel with them. (j) _______________ was a time people used to travel on foot or riding animals.     3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: 1×10=10 (a) Rudaba could not recognise me at first. It was many years since we _______________. (b) Student politics, now a days, has become a serious issue. It is high time we _______________. (c) A newspaper is a storehouse of knowledge. A man can be benefited in many ways _______________. (d) Traffic jam in Dhaka has been unbearable these days. Had I got a Helicopter, _______________. (e) A book fair is an attraction for the city-dwellers. Book-lovers gather in the fair so that _______________. (f) Our college has the best teachers of the country. The teachers are not only highly educated _______________. (g) Human body needs a balanced diet. If we take a balanced diet, it _______________. (h) Rahim Mia is a quack. He behaves as if _______________. (i) Success depends on the proper use of time. You will surely succeed provided that _______________. (j) Time plays a very crucial role in human life. We cannot prosper in life unless _______________. 4. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Festivals (a)_______________ (be) common to all societies and cultures. With the change of social and economic structures, the nature of festivals also (b)_______________ (change). But some festivals (c)_______________ (be) so deeply (d)_______________ (root) in the social organism that they (e)_______________ (continue) to entertain from generation to generation. Some of the festivals (f)_______________ (bear) the mark of the community and nationality, some (g)_______________ (have) the stamp of religion and again some (h)_______________ (bear) the impression of politics. The festivals, which (i)_______________ (get started) in the primitive society centering on the prayer for food (j)_______________ (have) now been (k)_______________ (fill) with various colours and varieties. The main foundation of festivals (l)_______________ (be) ritual and most of the ancient rituals (m)_______________ (be) collective activities. Many of the rituals were (n)_______________ (relate) to agriculture and were determined by lunar months.   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Have you seen your mother, Jerry?” “I see her in every summer. She sends for me.” The authoress wanted to cry out. “Why are you not with her? How can she let you go away again?” He said, “She comes up here from Mannville whenever she can. She does not have a job now."     6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Weather affects our life (a)_______________ (post-modify the verb). We put on (b)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) clothes when it is cold. We go out with an umbrella in the (c)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) season. During the summer, we use fans (d)_______________ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). However, sunshine and rain are (e)_______________ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for us. Winter is also helpful for us. Vegetables grow (f)_______________ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase) in winter. (g)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) rainfall helps to grow bumper crops. All the seasons have more or (h)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) advantages. And they have (i)_______________ (pre-modify the noun with a determiner) great influence on the environment. But the weather pattern is changing (j)_______________ (post-modify the verb) because of global warming.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 In life we want to be perfect, (a)_______________, to attain perfection is impossible (b)_______________ man is basically imperfect. (c)_______________, we should try to be great. (d)_______________ it is not easy to be great because we have to attain certain virtues. (e)_______________, we should be truthful (f)_______________ truthfulness gives rise to many other virtues. (g)_______________ we have to be honest (h)_______________ honest people are valued everywhere. (i)_______________ dishonest people are hated by all. (j)_______________ we can conclude that to be great is more important than to be perfect. (k)_______________ the idea of perfection varies from person to person. (l)_______________, one’s idea of perfection changes. (m)_______________ learning how to be perfect is basically a lifelong deal. (n)_______________, the road to perfection is something that we learn and understand along this journey of life.     8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 In our society, economic value of women’s work and their contribution is mostly unrecognized. Usually, it is taken as a voluntary work. So, the financial cost of running a home which is almost always done by women is not monetized. This is most dramatically revealed in rural areas. Research has proved that if women’s work is monetized, then the GDP makes a significant jump and so does the worth of women’s work and their contribution to the economy.   (a) value (synonym); (b) contribution (synonym); (c) unrecognized (antonym); (d) usually (synonym); (e) voluntary (synonym); (f) cost (synonym); (g) dramatically (antonym); (h) revealed (antonym); (i) rural (antonym); (j) research (synonym); (k) monetized (antonym); (l) significant (antonym); (m) worth (antonym); (n) economy (synonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors. Use capital if necessary. 0.5×14=7 Sammam : May I come in sir Mr. Ahmed: Yes of course any problem Sammam : I dont know, sir. I am told to meet you in the teachers common room Mr. Ahmed: oh I forgot that, why did you do so badly in science in your last examination Sammam : sir I should have informed you earlier My father was very sick and I had to accompany him almost the whole night before the exam, so I couldnt revise the lessons. Mr. Ahmed: oh Its a pity!   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college seeking permission to organize a relief campaign. 10   11. Write a paragraph of about 200 words on “Qualities of a Good Citizen”. 15   12. Write a paragraph of about 200 words comparing and contrasting “The Types of Entertainment in the Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh”. 15 With Answers: 02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Robert Hayden was born (a)_______________ a poor family (b)_______________ Detriot in USA in 1913 and had a difficult childhood beset (c)_______________ eyesight problems. He was raised (d)_______________ part (e)_______________ foster parents and missed a father’s caring love. But in the sonnet, which is (f)_______________ a childhood memory, he writes (g)_______________ a father probably his own who is harsh and often angry, but does love his son (h)_______________ his own way. Hayden, a black American, wrote (i)_______________ black experiences and history. He died (j)_______________ 1980. Reference: English For Today Page-107   Answer: (a) in (b) in (c) by (d) in (e) by (f) about (g) about (h) in (i) about (j) in   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   was born  as soon as     would rather what does- look like     had better     what’s-like have to/ has to     let alone there it          Export to Sheets (a) Manners make a man. Students _______________ practise good manners in everyday life. (b) You look exhausted. You _______________ take rest to refresh yourself. (c) Mansib has not yet got 1st dose of Covid-19 vaccine, _______________ booster dose. (d) Our spring is very charming. During spring, various kinds of flowers bloom. _______________ seems that everything has got a new life. (e) Rodela: _______________ the frozen mountain peak _______________? Namira: It looks like a white dome. (f) Kazi Nazrul is our rebel poet. He _______________ in Churulia of West Bengal. (g) The sky is cloudy and it may storm at any moment. So, we should start our journey _______________ possible. (h) _______________ your family _______________? I belong to a nuclear family. (i) I _______________ remain silent than quarrel with them. (j) _______________ was a time people used to travel on foot or riding animals.   Answer: (a) have to (b) had better (c) let alone (d) it (e) What does...look like (f) was born (g) as soon as (h) What's...like (i) would rather (j) There   3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: 1×10=10 (a) Rudaba could not recognise me at first. It was many years since we _______________. (b) Student politics, now a days, has become a serious issue. It is high time we _______________. (c) A newspaper is a storehouse of knowledge. A man can be benefited in many ways _______________. (d) Traffic jam in Dhaka has been unbearable these days. Had I got a Helicopter, _______________. (e) A book fair is an attraction for the city-dwellers. Book-lovers gather in the fair so that _______________. (f) Our college has the best teachers of the country. The teachers are not only highly educated _______________. (g) Human body needs a balanced diet. If we take a balanced diet, it _______________. (h) Rahim Mia is a quack. He behaves as if _______________. (i) Success depends on the proper use of time. You will surely succeed provided that _______________. (j) Time plays a very crucial role in human life. We cannot prosper in life unless _______________.   Answer: (a) had last met (b) we reformed it for the betterment of education (c) by reading it regularly / if he reads it regularly (d) I could have reached my class on time (e) they can buy their favourite books (f) but also devoted to teaching (g) it will keep us healthy (h) he were a qualified doctor (i) you make the best use of your time (j) we manage our time properly   4. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Festivals (a)_______________ (be) common to all societies and cultures. With the change of social and economic structures, the nature of festivals also (b)_______________ (change). But some festivals (c)_______________ (be) so deeply (d)_______________ (root) in the social organism that they (e)_______________ (continue) to entertain from generation to generation. Some of the festivals (f)_______________ (bear) the mark of the community and nationality, some (g)_______________ (have) the stamp of religion and again some (h)_______________ (bear) the impression of politics. The festivals, which (i)_______________ (get started) in the primitive society centering on the prayer for food (j)_______________ (have) now been (k)_______________ (fill) with various colours and varieties. The main foundation of festivals (l)_______________ (be) ritual and most of the ancient rituals (m)_______________ (be) collective activities. Many of the rituals were (n)_______________ (relate) to agriculture and were determined by lunar months.   Answer: (a) are (b) has also changed/is also changing (c) are (d) rooted (e) continue (f) bear (g) have (h) bear (i) got started (j) have (k) filled (l) is (m) were (n) related   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Have you seen your mother, Jerry?” “I see her in every summer. She sends for me.” The authoress wanted to cry out. “Why are you not with her? How can she let you go away again?” He said, “She comes up here from Mannville whenever she can. She does not have a job now."   Answer: The authoress asked Jerry if he had seen his mother. Jerry replied that he saw her in every summer and added that she sent for him. The authoress wanted to cry out and asked why he was not with her and how she could let him go away again. He replied that she went up there from Manville whenever she could. He also told that she did not have a job then.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Weather affects our life (a)_______________ (post-modify the verb). We put on (b)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) clothes when it is cold. We go out with an umbrella in the (c)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) season. During the summer, we use fans (d)_______________ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). However, sunshine and rain are (e)_______________ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for us. Winter is also helpful for us. Vegetables grow (f)_______________ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase) in winter. (g)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) rainfall helps to grow bumper crops. All the seasons have more or (h)_______________ (pre-modify the noun) advantages. And they have (i)_______________ (pre-modify the noun with a determiner) great influence on the environment. But the weather pattern is changing (j)_______________ (post-modify the verb) because of global warming.   Answer: (a) greatly (b) warm (c) rainy (d) to cool ourselves (e) very (f) plentifully in our country (g) Timely/Adequate/Moderate (h) less (i) a (j) rapidly/noticeably   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 In life we want to be perfect, (a)_______________, to attain perfection is impossible (b)_______________ man is basically imperfect. (c)_______________, we should try to be great. (d)_______________ it is not easy to be great because we have to attain certain virtues. (e)_______________, we should be truthful (f)_______________ truthfulness gives rise to many other virtues. (g)_______________ we have to be honest (h)_______________ honest people are valued everywhere. (i)_______________ dishonest people are hated by all. (j)_______________ we can conclude that to be great is more important than to be perfect. (k)_______________ the idea of perfection varies from person to person. (l)_______________, one’s idea of perfection changes. (m)_______________ learning how to be perfect is basically a lifelong deal. (n)_______________, the road to perfection is something that we learn and understand along this journey of life.   Answer: (a) However (b) as/since (c) Rather/Nevertheless/However (d) As a matter of fact/In fact/Generally/Usually/Again (e) First/Firstly/First of all (f) as/because (g) Second/Secondly (h) because (i) On the other hand/On the contrary (j) At last/Finally (k) Because (l) Again (m) So (n) Yet   8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 In our society, economic value of women’s work and their contribution is mostly unrecognized. Usually, it is taken as a voluntary work. So, the financial cost of running a home which is almost always done by women is not monetized. This is most dramatically revealed in rural areas. Research has proved that if women’s work is monetized, then the GDP makes a significant jump and so does the worth of women’s work and their contribution to the economy.   (a) value (synonym); (b) contribution (synonym); (c) unrecognized (antonym); (d) usually (synonym); (e) voluntary (synonym); (f) cost (synonym); (g) dramatically (antonym); (h) revealed (antonym); (i) rural (antonym); (j) research (synonym); (k) monetized (antonym); (l) significant (antonym); (m) worth (antonym); (n) economy (synonym).   Answer: (a) importance/significance (b) participation/achievement (c) recognized (d) generally/typically (e) spontaneous/discretionary (f) charge (g) mildly/subtly (h) concealed (i) urban (j) study/analysis (k) unpaid (l) insignificant (m) worthlessness (n) market   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors. Use capital if necessary. 0.5×14=7 Sammam : May I come in sir Mr. Ahmed: Yes of course any problem Sammam : I dont know, sir. I am told to meet you in the teachers common room Mr. Ahmed: oh I forgot that, why did you do so badly in science in your last examination Sammam : sir I should have informed you earlier My father was very sick and I had to accompany him almost the whole night before the exam, so I couldnt revise the lessons. Mr. Ahmed: oh Its a pity!   Answer: Sammam: May I come in, sir? Mr. Ahmed: Yes, of course. Any problem? Sammam: I don't know, sir. I am told to meet you in the teachers' common room. Mr. Ahmed: Oh, I forgot that. Why did you do so badly in science in your last examination? Sammam: Sir, I should have informed you earlier. My father was very sick, and I had to accompany him almost the whole night before the exam. So, I couldn't revise the lessons. Mr. Ahmed: Oh, it's a pity!   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college seeking permission to organize a relief campaign. 10   11. Write a paragraph of about 200 words on “Qualities of a Good Citizen”. 15   12. Write a paragraph of about 200 words comparing and contrasting “The Types of Entertainment in the Urban and Rural Areas of Bangladesh”. 15

02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 It is known (a)_______________ all that one day all will pass away (b)_______________ this earth. So, we have no escape (c)_______________ death. One day everyone will lie (d)_______________ the icy lap of death because death is common (e)_______________ all. So, we should not mourn (f)_______________ the dead. Death is inevitable. But those who die (g)_______________ the country are immortal. Their memory does not sink (h)_______________ oblivion. There is no medicine that can save a man (i)_______________ death. Therefore, we should always be ready (j)_______________ death.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   what does... look like   would rather   was born it   let alone have to there     what's.... like     had better as soon as             (a) A.K. Fazlul Haq _______________ in Barishal. He was a scholar and a renowned politician. (b) The thief ran away ________ we saw him. He couldn’t steal anything from the house. (c) The rickshaw-puller cannot afford to buy two square meals a day, ______ a rickshaw. He is very poor. (d) A brave warrior __________ die than yield to enemies. He is a patriot. (e) You _________ apply to the principal of your college for granting you a stipend. He will surely see to it. (f) In our country a farmer ________ work hard day in and day out. He is our food provider through our creator. (g) __________ your principal __________? He is a noble man. (h) __________ is unfortunate that many students spoil most of their time by using Facebook. (i) Now, we get information within some seconds. Cell phones are doing this miraculous thing. But __________ was a time when we had to wait day after day for a letter to come and bring the news about our near and dear ones. (j) Son: Dad, _____________ an alien ______? Father: Well, aliens are believed to come from another planet by UFOs. Films and science fictions tell us about them. They are really awesome.     3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 1×10=10 (a) I think you are not punctual in studies. Be punctual lest _______________. (b) The film ended fantastically. If you had enjoyed the film, _______________. (c) Though it is uncertain, _______________. (d) Fahim could not get A+ in English provided _______________. (e) Scarcely had we reached the station _______________. (f) What is lotted _______________. (g) Food adulteration is a crime. It is high time _______________. (h) _______________ as if she were a mad girl. (i) Mahin is going to build _______________. I must help him. (j) I saw that _______________. So I didn’t disturb him.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Change (a) ____________ (be) the order of nature because we know the proverb that old order changes (b) ___________ (yield) place to the new. So, nothing (c) ___________ (remain) new forever. The same we (d) ___________ (notice) in entertainment also. Old and traditional forms (e) ___________ (change) and (f) ___________ (modify) by new and modern forms of entertainment. Many of them (g) ___________ (not exist) any longer. Today TV channels and satellite (h) __________ (supersede) radio; similarly band and pop music (i) ___________ (replace) our popular old songs. Football (j) ___________ (lose) its appeal day by day. Cricket and other games (k) __________ (become) more and more popular. Our idea about the popularity of entertainment also (l) ___________ (change). We’ve started (m) _________ (look) upon our forms of all life in a new way and (n) __________ (get) habituated to it.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Have you killed the rats?” said the Mayor. “Yes, I have,” replied the piper. “Give me the promised money.” “How funny you are!” said the Mayor. “Take only fifty.” “I was supposed to be given fifty thousand guilders,” said the piper. “What have you done? The work you have done is very simple,” said the Mayor.     6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Bangladesh is criss-crossed with hundreds of rivers. (a)____________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) rivers are the gifts of Almighty Allah. They play a very important role in our (b)_________ (pre-modify the noun) economy. There are hundreds of big and small rivers in (c)________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. The big rivers flow (d)________ (use adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb) but small ones flow only during the rainy season. Our rivers are of great use and important to us. They are (e)_______ (pre-modify the verb) related to our economy and prosperity of our country. These rivers are sources of communication, wealth and property, energy and fish. All the rivers play a (f)________ (pre-modify the noun) role in our (g)_______ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) system. We use boats, launches, steamers (h)_______ (use infinitive to pre-modify the noun) goods through riverway which is cheaper and easier than carrying by land in our country. Moreover, people (i)__________ (use present participle to post-modify the noun) by the riverside can earn their livelihood by catching fish. The silt (j)________ (use past participle to post-modify the noun) by the river water increases the fertility of our agricultural land.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the bank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 There is a proverb (a)________ that every man is for himself. (b)________ it does not mean that he will be selfish, (c)_______ only works for himself destroying the rights of others. (d)_______ it means that he will protect his own right, without harming others. He will show love and respect (e)_______ for his relatives (f)________ for other fellow beings. (g)_______ sometimes we find some people (h)_______ think of themselves only (i)_______ snatch away other’s part. (j)_______ educational institutions don’t mould our children’s mind with moral lessons, (k)________ they are busy with how they can produce huge number of citizens with certificates. (l)_______ these men are in their professions, they start thinking of them merely (m)_______ indulge in personal gaining. (n)_______ our education needs to make us learn how to be a man for men.     8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 There are many people who have conservative outlook. Quite early in life, they learn to believe that everything in this world is predetermined and all that happen to them are ordained by God. From this belief, the poor generally accept their poverty and all their sorrows and sufferings without trying much to overcome them. They also have same sort of attitude towards illness and diseases.   (a) People (synonym); (b) conservative (antonym); (c) early (antonym); (d) believe (synonym); (e) world (synonym); (f) all (antonym); (g) poverty (antonym); (h) sufferings (synonym); (i) much (antonym); (j) overcome (synonym); (k) same (antonym); (l) attitude (synonym); (m) illness (synonym); (n) disease (antonym).   02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 It is known (a)_______________ all that one day all will pass away (b)_______________ this earth. So, we have no escape (c)_______________ death. One day everyone will lie (d)_______________ the icy lap of death because death is common (e)_______________ all. So, we should not mourn (f)_______________ the dead. Death is inevitable. But those who die (g)_______________ the country are immortal. Their memory does not sink (h)_______________ oblivion. There is no medicine that can save a man (i)_______________ death. Therefore, we should always be ready (j)_______________ death.   Answer: (a) to (b) from (c) from (d) on/in/into (e) to (f) for (g) for (h) into (i) from (j) for   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   what does... look like   would rather   was born it   let alone have to there     what's.... like     had better as soon as             (a) A.K. Fazlul Haq _______________ in Barishal. He was a scholar and a renowned politician. (b) The thief ran away ________ we saw him. He couldn’t steal anything from the house. (c) The rickshaw-puller cannot afford to buy two square meals a day, ______ a rickshaw. He is very poor. (d) A brave warrior __________ die than yield to enemies. He is a patriot. (e) You _________ apply to the principal of your college for granting you a stipend. He will surely see to it. (f) In our country a farmer ________ work hard day in and day out. He is our food provider through our creator. (g) __________ your principal __________? He is a noble man. (h) __________ is unfortunate that many students spoil most of their time by using Facebook. (i) Now, we get information within some seconds. Cell phones are doing this miraculous thing. But __________ was a time when we had to wait day after day for a letter to come and bring the news about our near and dear ones. (j) Son: Dad, _____________ an alien ______? Father: Well, aliens are believed to come from another planet by UFOs. Films and science fictions tell us about them. They are really awesome.   Answer: (a) was born (b) as soon as (c) let alone (d) would rather (e) had better (f) has to (g) What’s .... like (h) It (i) there (j) what does.... look like   3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 1×10=10 (a) I think you are not punctual in studies. Be punctual lest _______________. (b) The film ended fantastically. If you had enjoyed the film, _______________. (c) Though it is uncertain, _______________. (d) Fahim could not get A+ in English provided _______________. (e) Scarcely had we reached the station _______________. (f) What is lotted _______________. (g) Food adulteration is a crime. It is high time _______________. (h) _______________ as if she were a mad girl. (i) Mahin is going to build _______________. I must help him. (j) I saw that _______________. So I didn’t disturb him.   Answer: (a) you should/might fail in the examination (b) you would have surely talked about it for days (c) we are still making every possible effort to achieve our goal (d) (that) he did not study more attentively and revise regularly (e) when the train began to depart from the platform (f) cannot be blotted (g) we created strict laws and implemented harsh punishment / to create strict laws and implement harsh punishment (h) She shouts and runs around (i) a school for underprivileged children (j) he was deeply absorbed in his studies   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Change (a) ____________ (be) the order of nature because we know the proverb that old order changes (b) ___________ (yield) place to the new. So, nothing (c) ___________ (remain) new forever. The same we (d) ___________ (notice) in entertainment also. Old and traditional forms (e) ___________ (change) and (f) ___________ (modify) by new and modern forms of entertainment. Many of them (g) ___________ (not exist) any longer. Today TV channels and satellite (h) __________ (supersede) radio; similarly band and pop music (i) ___________ (replace) our popular old songs. Football (j) ___________ (lose) its appeal day by day. Cricket and other games (k) __________ (become) more and more popular. Our idea about the popularity of entertainment also (l) ___________ (change). We’ve started (m) _________ (look) upon our forms of all life in a new way and (n) __________ (get) habituated to it.   Answer: (a) is (b) yielding (c) remains (d) notice (e) have been changed (f) modified (g) don't exist (h) have superseded (i) have replaced (j) is losing (k) are becoming (l) has also changed/is also changing (m) to look/ looking (n) have got/ are getting   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Have you killed the rats?” said the Mayor. “Yes, I have,” replied the piper. “Give me the promised money.” “How funny you are!” said the Mayor. “Take only fifty.” “I was supposed to be given fifty thousand guilders,” said the piper. “What have you done? The work you have done is very simple,” said the Mayor.   Answer: The Mayor asked the piper if he (p) had killed the rats. The piper replied in the affirmative that he (p) had killed the rats. He (p) then requested/told the Mayor to give him (p) the promised money. The Mayor exclaimed with wonder that he (p) was very funny and told/ ordered the piper to take only fifty. The piper said that he was supposed to be given fifty thousand guilders. The Mayor then asked the Piper about what he had done and added that the work he had done was very simple.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Bangladesh is criss-crossed with hundreds of rivers. (a)____________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) rivers are the gifts of Almighty Allah. They play a very important role in our (b)_________ (pre-modify the noun) economy. There are hundreds of big and small rivers in (c)________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. The big rivers flow (d)________ (use adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb) but small ones flow only during the rainy season. Our rivers are of great use and important to us. They are (e)_______ (pre-modify the verb) related to our economy and prosperity of our country. These rivers are sources of communication, wealth and property, energy and fish. All the rivers play a (f)________ (pre-modify the noun) role in our (g)_______ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) system. We use boats, launches, steamers (h)_______ (use infinitive to pre-modify the noun) goods through riverway which is cheaper and easier than carrying by land in our country. Moreover, people (i)__________ (use present participle to post-modify the noun) by the riverside can earn their livelihood by catching fish. The silt (j)________ (use past participle to post-modify the noun) by the river water increases the fertility of our agricultural land.   Answer: (a) these (b) national (c) our (d) all the year round/all the time/in all seasons/throughout the year (e) closely (f) vital/important /significant/pivotal (g) communication /transportation (h) to carry/to transport (i) living (j) left   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the bank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 There is a proverb (a)________ that every man is for himself. (b)________ it does not mean that he will be selfish, (c)_______ only works for himself destroying the rights of others. (d)_______ it means that he will protect his own right, without harming others. He will show love and respect (e)_______ for his relatives (f)________ for other fellow beings. (g)_______ sometimes we find some people (h)_______ think of themselves only (i)_______ snatch away other’s part. (j)_______ educational institutions don’t mould our children’s mind with moral lessons, (k)________ they are busy with how they can produce huge number of citizens with certificates. (l)_______ these men are in their professions, they start thinking of them merely (m)_______ indulge in personal gaining. (n)_______ our education needs to make us learn how to be a man for men.   Answer: (a) that (b) But (c) who [Note: The source indicates a full stop should precede sentence (c).] (d) Rather (e) not only/both (f) but also/and (g) Yet (h) who (i) and (j) Moreover (k) Instead/Because (l) While/ As soon as (m) in order to (n) So/Hence/Therefore   8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 There are many people who have conservative outlook. Quite early in life, they learn to believe that everything in this world is predetermined and all that happen to them are ordained by God. From this belief, the poor generally accept their poverty and all their sorrows and sufferings without trying much to overcome them. They also have same sort of attitude towards illness and diseases.   (a) People (synonym); (b) conservative (antonym); (c) early (antonym); (d) believe (synonym); (e) world (synonym); (f) all (antonym); (g) poverty (antonym); (h) sufferings (synonym); (i) much (antonym); (j) overcome (synonym); (k) same (antonym); (l) attitude (synonym); (m) illness (synonym); (n) disease (antonym).   Answer: (a) individuals (b) liberal/ progressive (c) late (d) trust (e) universe (f) none (g) richness (h) miseries/ hardships/ distresses (i) little (j) conquer/ prevail (k) different (l) outlook/ opinion (m) sickness/ ailment (n) wellness/fitness

02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 The old man told him (a)_______________ his last journey (b)_______________ the sea. They had sailed away (c)_______________ the South, he said, until they arrived (d)_______________ cold grey seas. Even the sea was frozen, and ice was all (e)_______________ them. (f)_______________ those days there were no steamships, and the big white sails (g)_______________ their ship opened wide as the strong wind blew them quickly (h)_______________ the icy waters. The weather was very cold and there were no birds or animals (i)_______________ that snow covered country, but one day the sailors saw an albatross flying (j)_______________ the ship.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   had better     there     would rather no sooner had  was born  let alone would you mind what does... look like   enough it           (a) He cannot buy a pen, _____________ a box of pens. (b) ___________ we reached the station than the train started. (c) All seasons are very charming. During spring various kinds of flowers bloom. ___________ seems that everything has got a new life. (d) Baby : Mom, ___________ an owl ___________? (e) Don’t disturb me, you ___________ leave me alone at this moment. (f) The poor man ___________ starve than beg. (g) ___________ exists no life on mars. (h) ___________ taking tea with me? (i) Sir Walter Scott was both a poet and a novelist. He __________ in 1771. (j) He was meritorious ___________ to understand English literature. Note: In question (c), there should be a full stop after "bloom".     3. Complete the following sentences using suitable phrases or clauses: 1×10=10 (a) He walks fast lest _______________. (b) A pen which was bought _______________. (c) I closed the door of my room so that _______________. (d) The poem is too hard _______________. (e) Unless you came _______________. (f) If I were a rich man, _______________. (g) I wanted to learn English instead of _______________. (h) In spite of his being poor, _______________. (i) Because of her being small _______________. (j) Learn English properly till _______________.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Books (a)____________ (possess) as essence of immortality. They (b)____________ (be) the most precious products of human efforts. Temptations (c)____________ (crumble) into ashes. Pictures and statues (d)____________ (decay) but books (e)____________ (survive). Time is of no account for great thoughts which (f)____________ (be) as fresh today as they (g)___________ (be) when came through the authors’ minds ages ago. What (h)___________ (be) then thought or said still (i)____________ (speak) to us. Books (j)___________ (introduce) us to the best society. They (k)___________ (bring) us into the presence of the noblest minds that have ever (l)___________ (live). We hear what they (m)__________ (think) or said. We see them as if they (n)___________ (be) really alive.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “I will pay for it,” he said. “I broke it. I brought the axe down careless.” “But no one hits accurately every time,” I told him, “The fault was in the wood of the handle. I will see the man from whom I bought it.” “Thanks” he said.   Answer: Jerry told me that he would pay for it. He added that he had broken it. He further added that he had brought the axe down careless. I (the authoress) contradicted that no one hit accurately every time. I (the authoress) added that the fault had been in the wood of the handle. I (the authoress) further added that I (the authoress) would see the man who I (the authoress) had bought it from. He thanked me (the authoress).   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blanks spaces: 0.5×10=5 A day in which it rains (a)____________ (post modify the verb) all day long, is called a rainy day. The sky remains overcast with (b)_________ (pre modify the noun) clouds. People cannot go out without (c)_________ (pre modify the noun with a determiner) umbrella. It affects our (d)_________ (pre modify the noun) activities. Even the school and colleges are shut down. But many people like (e)________ (post modify the verb with an infinitive phrase) in the rain. They go to an (f)_________ (pre modify the noun) space and enjoy the rain. The working class people suffer a lot (g)________ (post modify the verb). They do not work and spend (h)________ (post modify the noun) day which brings misfortune to them. They cannot earn (i)________ (post modify the verb with an infinitive) their family. So, a (j)________ (pre modify the noun) day is a curse to the poor.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Most of the people of Bangladesh are not able to realise the importance of water. (a)__________ millions of liters are wasted every year, (b)__________ facing pure water crisis. (c)_________ Government campaign may help to reduce unnecessary water consumption. (d)__________ water is a very important resource for various reasons. (e)__________ we need to drink clean water to survive. (f)__________ we need to keep ourselves clean. (g)_________ without water, we cannot grow crops. (h)__________ we cannot provide animals with food. (i)__________ Government should do more to make people recognize this. (j)__________ the human population is growing, the climate is changing too. (k)_________ there may not be enough water for everyone in future. (l)_________ water treatment processes cost a lot and use a large amount of electricity. (m)_________ reduced water consumption would save money and electricity for the future. It will reduce green house gas emissions. (n)_________ we should encourage people to change wasteful habits now before it is too late.     8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Today women are playing an important role in all spheres of life. Once they were dominated by men. They are no longer confined within the four walls of their parents or husbands’ house. They have come out of the kitchen and are working hand in hand with men. By taking higher education they are becoming pilots, doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators etc. They have been able to prove their worth. They are contributing much to the economy of the country. Now it has come to the realization of the men that true development of the country is never possible keeping half of the population idle at home. So it needs no telling that women are playing a great role in the socio-economic condition of our country.   (a) importance (antonym); (b) sphere (synonym); (c) dominate (synonym); (d) confined (synonym); (e) walls (synonym); (f) house (synonym); (g) education (antonym); (h) able (antonym); (i) worth (synonym); (j) economy (synonym); (k) realization (synonym); (l) never (antonym); (m) population (synonym); (n) condition (synonym)     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 My dear friends said the piper I know a charm by which I can rid you of these rats but you must pay me one thousand guilders for this service One thousand guilders cried the men then the Mayor said ok well give you one thousand guilders when will you start work now said the piper.     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college asking for a debating club. 10   11. Write a paragraph on ‘The Importance of Games and Sports’. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “City Life and Village Life” comparing and contrasting their features. 15 With Answers: 02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 The old man told him (a)_______________ his last journey (b)_______________ the sea. They had sailed away (c)_______________ the South, he said, until they arrived (d)_______________ cold grey seas. Even the sea was frozen, and ice was all (e)_______________ them. (f)_______________ those days there were no steamships, and the big white sails (g)_______________ their ship opened wide as the strong wind blew them quickly (h)_______________ the icy waters. The weather was very cold and there were no birds or animals (i)_______________ that snow covered country, but one day the sailors saw an albatross flying (j)_______________ the ship.   Answer: (a) about (b) on (c) to (d) in (e) around (f) In (g) of (h) through (i) in (j) towards   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   had better     there     would rather no sooner had  was born  let alone would you mind what does... look like   enough it           Export to Sheets (a) He cannot buy a pen, _____________ a box of pens. (b) ___________ we reached the station than the train started. (c) All seasons are very charming. During spring various kinds of flowers bloom. ___________ seems that everything has got a new life. (d) Baby : Mom, ___________ an owl ___________? (e) Don’t disturb me, you ___________ leave me alone at this moment. (f) The poor man ___________ starve than beg. (g) ___________ exists no life on mars. (h) ___________ taking tea with me? (i) Sir Walter Scott was both a poet and a novelist. He __________ in 1771. (j) He was meritorious ___________ to understand English literature. Note: In question (c), there should be a full stop after "bloom".   Answer: (a) let alone (b) No sooner had (c) It (d) what does...look like (e) had better (f) would rather (g) There (h) Would you mind (i) was born (j) enough   3. Complete the following sentences using suitable phrases or clauses: 1×10=10 (a) He walks fast lest _______________. (b) A pen which was bought _______________. (c) I closed the door of my room so that _______________. (d) The poem is too hard _______________. (e) Unless you came _______________. (f) If I were a rich man, _______________. (g) I wanted to learn English instead of _______________. (h) In spite of his being poor, _______________. (i) Because of her being small _______________. (j) Learn English properly till _______________.   Answer: (a) he should/might miss the train (b) yesterday writes smoothly (c) I could study in peace (d) for me to understand (e) we couldn't start the meeting (f) I would build a school in my village (g) learning basic skills (h) he managed to send his children to college / he is honest (i) she could not reach the shelf (j) you master the basics   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Books (a)____________ (possess) as essence of immortality. They (b)____________ (be) the most precious products of human efforts. Temptations (c)____________ (crumble) into ashes. Pictures and statues (d)____________ (decay) but books (e)____________ (survive). Time is of no account for great thoughts which (f)____________ (be) as fresh today as they (g)___________ (be) when came through the authors’ minds ages ago. What (h)___________ (be) then thought or said still (i)____________ (speak) to us. Books (j)___________ (introduce) us to the best society. They (k)___________ (bring) us into the presence of the noblest minds that have ever (l)___________ (live). We hear what they (m)__________ (think) or said. We see them as if they (n)___________ (be) really alive.   Answer: (a) possess (b) are (c) crumble (d) decay (e) survive (f) are (g) were (h) was (i) speaks (j) introduce (k) bring (l) lived (m) thought (n) were   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “I will pay for it,” he said. “I broke it. I brought the axe down careless.” “But no one hits accurately every time,” I told him, “The fault was in the wood of the handle. I will see the man from whom I bought it.” “Thanks” he said.   Answer: Jerry told me that he would pay for it. He added that he had broken it. He further added that he had brought the axe down careless. I (the authoress) contradicted that no one hit accurately every time. I (the authoress) added that the fault had been in the wood of the handle. I (the authoress) further added that I (the authoress) would see the man who I (the authoress) had bought it from. He thanked me (the authoress).   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blanks spaces: 0.5×10=5 A day in which it rains (a)____________ (post modify the verb) all day long, is called a rainy day. The sky remains overcast with (b)_________ (pre modify the noun) clouds. People cannot go out without (c)_________ (pre modify the noun with a determiner) umbrella. It affects our (d)_________ (pre modify the noun) activities. Even the school and colleges are shut down. But many people like (e)________ (post modify the verb with an infinitive phrase) in the rain. They go to an (f)_________ (pre modify the noun) space and enjoy the rain. The working class people suffer a lot (g)________ (post modify the verb). They do not work and spend (h)________ (post modify the noun) day which brings misfortune to them. They cannot earn (i)________ (post modify the verb with an infinitive) their family. So, a (j)________ (pre modify the noun) day is a curse to the poor.   Answer: (a) continuously/ constantly (b) dark (c) an (d) daily (e) to walk around (f) open (g) due to rain (h) entire/ whole/ the (i) to support (j) rainy   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Most of the people of Bangladesh are not able to realise the importance of water. (a)__________ millions of liters are wasted every year, (b)__________ facing pure water crisis. (c)_________ Government campaign may help to reduce unnecessary water consumption. (d)__________ water is a very important resource for various reasons. (e)__________ we need to drink clean water to survive. (f)__________ we need to keep ourselves clean. (g)_________ without water, we cannot grow crops. (h)__________ we cannot provide animals with food. (i)__________ Government should do more to make people recognize this. (j)__________ the human population is growing, the climate is changing too. (k)_________ there may not be enough water for everyone in future. (l)_________ water treatment processes cost a lot and use a large amount of electricity. (m)_________ reduced water consumption would save money and electricity for the future. It will reduce green house gas emissions. (n)_________ we should encourage people to change wasteful habits now before it is too late.   Answer: (a) Rather/Instead (b) With a view to/Regarding (c) under these circumstances (d) In fact/Indeed (e) Besides (f) Moreover (g) because (h) Consequently/As a result (i) So (j) As/Since (k) Hence (l) In addition (m) In this way (n) Therefore   8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Today women are playing an important role in all spheres of life. Once they were dominated by men. They are no longer confined within the four walls of their parents or husbands’ house. They have come out of the kitchen and are working hand in hand with men. By taking higher education they are becoming pilots, doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators etc. They have been able to prove their worth. They are contributing much to the economy of the country. Now it has come to the realization of the men that true development of the country is never possible keeping half of the population idle at home. So it needs no telling that women are playing a great role in the socio-economic condition of our country.   (a) importance (antonym); (b) sphere (synonym); (c) dominate (synonym); (d) confined (synonym); (e) walls (synonym); (f) house (synonym); (g) education (antonym); (h) able (antonym); (i) worth (synonym); (j) economy (synonym); (k) realization (synonym); (l) never (antonym); (m) population (synonym); (n) condition (synonym)   Answer: (a) insignificance/unimportance (b) field/domain/arena (c) control (d) restricted/limited/constricted (e) barriers/hurdles (f) home/dwelling (g) ignorance (h) unable/incapable (i) value (j) wealth/finance (k) awareness (l) always (m) people/demography (n) situation   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 My dear friends said the piper I know a charm by which I can rid you of these rats but you must pay me one thousand guilders for this service One thousand guilders cried the men then the Mayor said ok well give you one thousand guilders when will you start work now said the piper.   Answer: "My dear friends," said the piper, "I know a charm by which I can rid you of these rats, but you must pay me one thousand guilders for this service." "One thousand guilders!" cried the men. Then the Mayor said, "Ok, we'll give you one thousand guilders. When will you start work?" "Now," said the piper.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college asking for a debating club. 10   11. Write a paragraph on ‘The Importance of Games and Sports’. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “City Life and Village Life” comparing and contrasting their features. 15

02 Set   ENGLISH SECOND PAPER [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Time—3 hours Full marks—100   [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the following text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Gen Z refers (a)_______________ the group of people born after 1996. They are called so because they are digital natives who have grown (b) _______________ with technology like smartphones and the internet. Normally, Gen Z kids are fond (c)_______________ using digital devices and gadgets daily. They are also very good (d)_______________ using online apps and looking (e) _______________ information whenever they need. This generation is absorbed (f) _______________ important issues like politics, social inequality and even environmental concerns. Gen Z is different (g) _______________ other generations because they are always connected (h)_______________ social media and other online platforms. They enjoy learning (i)_______________ new things (j)_______________ videos and websites.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   there     as soon as     what does ... look like have to   let alone was born would rather   what's... like it had better            (a) Truth is sometimes too bitter to digest. You _______________ not ask me the truth. (b) I cannot tolerate such an insult. I _______________ leave this place immediately than endure further humiliation. (c) Steve Jobs _______________ into a humble family. by dint of merit, he transformed the world of technology. (d) The audience leaves the spot _______________ Nambi finishes his storytelling. (e) I don’t think he can finish a single chapter, _______________ the whole book in one night. (f) _______________ are many challenges in life, but with determination, we can overcome them all. (g) Mountaineering seems to be very exciting. _______________ it _______________ standing on the peak of a mountain? (h) _______________ is important to remember that success requires patience and hard work. (i) I _______________ finish this project by tomorrow, or all my efforts will be in vain once the deadline passes. (j) I've never seen a snow leopard in the wild. _______________ it really _______________?     3. Complete the sentences using suitable phrases/clauses: 1×10=10 (a) I bought a fiction of the Harry Potter series. The book was so captivating that _______________. (b) He was too old _______________. Yet, he did not listen to the warnings. (c) I met some of my school friends at the reunion. It was nearly ten years since _______________. (d) Rupa has gained weight. It is high time she _______________. Otherwise, she will become bulky. (e) The girl was all alone in the room. When I entered, she looked at me as though _______________. (f) Cinderella suffered the cruelty of her step sisters. Had she had the courage to speak her mind, _______________. (g) The woman bought some antique glasses. She carried them carefully lest they _______________. (h) Our farmers are very hardworking. They work hard so that _______________. (i) During exams, Article 144 is imposed in and around the exam hall. You cannot enter the exam hall unless _______________. (j) Many of the politicians are corrupt. People hate them because _______________.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 One day in 1976, Professor Muhammad Yunus (a) _______________ (visit) a poor village near Chittagong University. He (b) _______________ (meet) a poor woman who made bamboo stools for a living. Although she (c) _______________ (work) hard, she (d) _______________ (remain) poor because she (e) _______________ (force) to pay a high price for the bamboo. She did not have enough money (f) _______________ (buy) the bamboo and used to (g) _______________ (take) loans from the moneylenders on an exorbitant interest. Professor Yunus (h) _______________ (know) that he could not simply (i) _______________ (give) her the money she needed because it (j) _______________ (rob) the woman of her dignity. Instead, he (k) _______________ (ask) the people in the village how much money they (l) _______________ (need) to start their business and free themselves from poverty. He (m) _______________ (lend) the equivalent of about US$27.00 from his pocket to 42 women of the village. Those women (n) _______________ (set) up their small business and started to earn money to support their families.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: Marks 7 The three witches stood amidst the swirling mist. “When shall we three meet again?" asked the first witch. “When the hurly-burly is done; when the battle is lost and won," replied the second witch. “Where is the place?" inquired the third with her impatient tone. “Upon the heath," answered the first.     6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Al Mahmud, (a) _______________ (use an appositive), was born in Brahmanbaria in 1936. He is renowned for (b) _______________ (use participle to pre-modify the noun) rural life and culture. He emerged as a (c) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) poet in the 1960s and played a (d) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) role in modernizing Bengali poetry. His celebrated works, which include ‘Lok Lokantor’, ‘Kaler Kolosh’ and ‘Sonali Kabin’, show (e) _______________ (post modify the verb) his mastery in vivid imagery and symbolism. (f) _______________ (use possessive) poetry often explores themes of love and loss, struggle and socio-political conditions of Bangladesh. Despite a number of controversies for his political ideology, his literary contributions remained unparalleled. His influence on (g) _______________ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) poetry continues (h) _______________ (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) the later generations of poets. This (i) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) genius passed away (j) _______________ (use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the verb) of 82 in 2019.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Mobile phone has added a new dimension to our daily life. It has brought the world closer to us. (a) _______________ it has made the worldwide communication easier. (b) _______________, we can talk to others, chat with friends and send e-mails. (c) _______________, using social media has become handy with this device. (d) _______________, we can capture our special moments. (e) _______________, many other apps help us learn new things. (f) _______________, mobile phone can show us the whole world through the internet. (g) _______________ it has been a part and parcel in our life. We cannot go for a single day without using it. (h) _______________ it is not free from defects. It has some negative sides also. (i) _______________ excessive use of mobile phone may damage our hearing power. (j) _______________ it is a means of wasting time. (k) _______________, many crimes are being done with the use of mobiles. (l) _______________ harmful radiation from it may cause cancer to the users. (m) _______________, we are not aware of these bad effects. (n) _______________, we will fall in health hazard.   8. Read the passage and then write the synonym or antonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Bangladesh is blessed with huge inland open water resources. It has numerous rivers, canals, beels, lakes and vast areas of floodplains. Hakaluki haor is one of the major wetlands of Bangladesh. With a land area of 18,386 hectares, it supports a rich biodiversity and provides direct and indirect livelihood benefits to nearly 190,000 people. This haor was declared an Ecologically Critical Area in 1999 by the government of Bangladesh. Hakaluki is a complex ecosystem, containing more than 238 interconnected beels and jalmahals. The most important beels are Chatla, Pinlarkona, Dulla, Sakua, Barajalla, Balijhuri, Lamba, Tekonia, Haorkhal, Tural, Baghalkuri and Chinaura.   (a) blessed (antonym); (b) huge (synonym); (c) open (antonym); (d) resource (synonym); (e) numerous (synonym); (f) area (synonym); (g) vast (antonym); (h) major (synonym); (i) supports (antonym); (j) provides (synonym); (k) benefit (synonym); (l) nearly (antonym); (m) critical (antonym); (n) important (antonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Journalist : Hello Mrs Sharif. Im going to ask you a few questions today about how things used to be in the past. Firstly how long have you been living in Dhaka Mrs Sharif: Since my childhood For more than forty-five years. Journalist : Thats a pretty long time indeed, could you please tell us how people used to get water for their everyday use when you were a child Mrs Sharif: Well we used to have water supplied by the Dhaka WASA in those days also but many houses had wells too. Besides there used to be many ponds in the neighbourhood where people used to bathe wash clothes and take water from, for their household use. there didnt use to be so many people in dhaka in those days so there wasnt a very big demand for the supply of water     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of City Govt. Women's College, Chattogram. Write an application to the Principal of your college to set up a smart board in your classroom. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “Your Most Intimate Childhood Friend” within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting school life and college life within 200 words. 15 02 Set   ENGLISH SECOND PAPER [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Time—3 hours Full marks—100   [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the following text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Gen Z refers (a)_______________ the group of people born after 1996. They are called so because they are digital natives who have grown (b) _______________ with technology like smartphones and the internet. Normally, Gen Z kids are fond (c)_______________ using digital devices and gadgets daily. They are also very good (d)_______________ using online apps and looking (e) _______________ information whenever they need. This generation is absorbed (f) _______________ important issues like politics, social inequality and even environmental concerns. Gen Z is different (g) _______________ other generations because they are always connected (h)_______________ social media and other online platforms. They enjoy learning (i)_______________ new things (j)_______________ videos and websites.   Answer: (a) to (b) up (c) of (d) at (e) for (f) in (g) from (h) to (i) about (j) through   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   there     as soon as     what does ... look like have to   let alone was born would rather   what's... like it had better             (a) Truth is sometimes too bitter to digest. You _______________ not ask me the truth. (b) I cannot tolerate such an insult. I _______________ leave this place immediately than endure further humiliation. (c) Steve Jobs _______________ into a humble family. by dint of merit, he transformed the world of technology. (d) The audience leaves the spot _______________ Nambi finishes his storytelling. (e) I don’t think he can finish a single chapter, _______________ the whole book in one night. (f) _______________ are many challenges in life, but with determination, we can overcome them all. (g) Mountaineering seems to be very exciting. _______________ it _______________ standing on the peak of a mountain? (h) _______________ is important to remember that success requires patience and hard work. (i) I _______________ finish this project by tomorrow, or all my efforts will be in vain once the deadline passes. (j) I've never seen a snow leopard in the wild. _______________ it really _______________?   Answer: (a) had better (b) would rather (c) was born (d) as soon as (e) let alone (f) There (g) what's...like (h) It (i) have to (j) what does....look like   3. Complete the sentences using suitable phrases/clauses: 1×10=10 (a) I bought a fiction of the Harry Potter series. The book was so captivating that _______________. (b) He was too old _______________. Yet, he did not listen to the warnings. (c) I met some of my school friends at the reunion. It was nearly ten years since _______________. (d) Rupa has gained weight. It is high time she _______________. Otherwise, she will become bulky. (e) The girl was all alone in the room. When I entered, she looked at me as though _______________. (f) Cinderella suffered the cruelty of her step sisters. Had she had the courage to speak her mind, _______________. (g) The woman bought some antique glasses. She carried them carefully lest they _______________. (h) Our farmers are very hardworking. They work hard so that _______________. (i) During exams, Article 144 is imposed in and around the exam hall. You cannot enter the exam hall unless _______________. (j) Many of the politicians are corrupt. People hate them because _______________.   Answer: (a) I could not put it down until I finished it (b) to run (c) I had met them last (d) controlled her diet (e) she had seen a ghost (f) her life might have been different (g) should break (h) no one suffers from hunger/ they can make our lives easier (i) you have a valid admit card (j) they misuse power for personal gain   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 One day in 1976, Professor Muhammad Yunus (a) _______________ (visit) a poor village near Chittagong University. He (b) _______________ (meet) a poor woman who made bamboo stools for a living. Although she (c) _______________ (work) hard, she (d) _______________ (remain) poor because she (e) _______________ (force) to pay a high price for the bamboo. She did not have enough money (f) _______________ (buy) the bamboo and used to (g) _______________ (take) loans from the moneylenders on an exorbitant interest. Professor Yunus (h) _______________ (know) that he could not simply (i) _______________ (give) her the money she needed because it (j) _______________ (rob) the woman of her dignity. Instead, he (k) _______________ (ask) the people in the village how much money they (l) _______________ (need) to start their business and free themselves from poverty. He (m) _______________ (lend) the equivalent of about US$27.00 from his pocket to 42 women of the village. Those women (n) _______________ (set) up their small business and started to earn money to support their families.   Answer: (a) visited (b) met (c) worked (d) remained (e) was forced (f) to buy (g) take (h) knew (i) give (j) would rob (k) asked (l) needed (m) lent (n) set   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: Marks 7 The three witches stood amidst the swirling mist. “When shall we three meet again?" asked the first witch. “When the hurly-burly is done; when the battle is lost and won," replied the second witch. “Where is the place?" inquired the third with her impatient tone. “Upon the heath," answered the first.   Answer: The three witches stood amidst the swirling mist. The first witch asked when the three of them would meet again. The second witch replied that they would meet again when the hurly-burly was done, and when the battle was lost and won. The third witch inquired with her impatient tone where the place was. The first witch answered that it would be upon the heath.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Al Mahmud, (a) _______________ (use an appositive), was born in Brahmanbaria in 1936. He is renowned for (b) _______________ (use participle to pre-modify the noun) rural life and culture. He emerged as a (c) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) poet in the 1960s and played a (d) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) role in modernizing Bengali poetry. His celebrated works, which include ‘Lok Lokantor’, ‘Kaler Kolosh’ and ‘Sonali Kabin’, show (e) _______________ (post modify the verb) his mastery in vivid imagery and symbolism. (f) _______________ (use possessive) poetry often explores themes of love and loss, struggle and socio-political conditions of Bangladesh. Despite a number of controversies for his political ideology, his literary contributions remained unparalleled. His influence on (g) _______________ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) poetry continues (h) _______________ (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) the later generations of poets. This (i) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) genius passed away (j) _______________ (use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the verb) of 82 in 2019.   Answer: (a) a celebrated writer (b) depicting/portraying (c) notable/renowned (d) significant/prominent (e) skillfully (f) His (g) Bangla (h) to inspire/to motivate (i) great/towering/exceptional (j) at the age   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Mobile phone has added a new dimension to our daily life. It has brought the world closer to us. (a) _______________ it has made the worldwide communication easier. (b) _______________, we can talk to others, chat with friends and send e-mails. (c) _______________, using social media has become handy with this device. (d) _______________, we can capture our special moments. (e) _______________, many other apps help us learn new things. (f) _______________, mobile phone can show us the whole world through the internet. (g) _______________ it has been a part and parcel in our life. We cannot go for a single day without using it. (h) _______________ it is not free from defects. It has some negative sides also. (i) _______________ excessive use of mobile phone may damage our hearing power. (j) _______________ it is a means of wasting time. (k) _______________, many crimes are being done with the use of mobiles. (l) _______________ harmful radiation from it may cause cancer to the users. (m) _______________, we are not aware of these bad effects. (n) _______________, we will fall in health hazard.   Answer: (a) In fact/Indeed/Actually (b) Besides (c) Moreover (d) In other words (e) In addition (f) Thus/In this way (g) So/Hence/Therefore (h) Yet/Nevertheless (i) Firstly (j) Secondly (k) Thirdly (l) Finally (m) Yet/Nevertheless (n) As a result/As a consequence   8. Read the passage and then write the synonym or antonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Bangladesh is blessed with huge inland open water resources. It has numerous rivers, canals, beels, lakes and vast areas of floodplains. Hakaluki haor is one of the major wetlands of Bangladesh. With a land area of 18,386 hectares, it supports a rich biodiversity and provides direct and indirect livelihood benefits to nearly 190,000 people. This haor was declared an Ecologically Critical Area in 1999 by the government of Bangladesh. Hakaluki is a complex ecosystem, containing more than 238 interconnected beels and jalmahals. The most important beels are Chatla, Pinlarkona, Dulla, Sakua, Barajalla, Balijhuri, Lamba, Tekonia, Haorkhal, Tural, Baghalkuri and Chinaura.   (a) blessed (antonym); (b) huge (synonym); (c) open (antonym); (d) resource (synonym); (e) numerous (synonym); (f) area (synonym); (g) vast (antonym); (h) major (synonym); (i) supports (antonym); (j) provides (synonym); (k) benefit (synonym); (l) nearly (antonym); (m) critical (antonym); (n) important (antonym).   Answer: (a) cursed (b) large/big (c) close/restricted (d) source/reserve (e) many/multitude (f) region/zone (g) small/tiny (h) important/significant (i) hinders/obstructs (j) supplies (k) help/aid (l) almost/approximately (m) trivial/unimportant (n) unimportant/insignificant   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Journalist : Hello Mrs Sharif. Im going to ask you a few questions today about how things used to be in the past. Firstly how long have you been living in Dhaka Mrs Sharif: Since my childhood For more than forty-five years. Journalist : Thats a pretty long time indeed, could you please tell us how people used to get water for their everyday use when you were a child Mrs Sharif: Well we used to have water supplied by the Dhaka WASA in those days also but many houses had wells too. Besides there used to be many ponds in the neighbourhood where people used to bathe wash clothes and take water from, for their household use. there didnt use to be so many people in dhaka in those days so there wasnt a very big demand for the supply of water   Answer: Journalist: Hello, Mrs. Sharif. I'm going to ask you a few questions today about how things used to be in the past. Firstly, how long have you been living in Dhaka? Mrs. Sharif: Since my childhood, for more than forty-five years. Journalist: That's a pretty long time indeed. Could you please tell us how people used to get water for their everyday use when you were a child? Mrs. Sharif: Well, we used to have water supplied by the Dhaka WASA in those days also, but many houses had wells too. Besides, there used to be many ponds in the neighbourhood where people used to bathe, wash clothes, and take water from for their household use. There didn't use to be so many people in Dhaka in those days. So, there wasn’t a very big demand for the supply of water.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of City Govt. Women's College, Chattogram. Write an application to the Principal of your college to set up a smart board in your classroom. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “Your Most Intimate Childhood Friend” within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting school life and college life within 200 words. 15

02 Set   ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100   [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Many people do not get enough nutrition (a)_______________ what they eat. Many children become blind because they do not get necessary nutrition. Diarrhoea is a common disease. This is because many do not drink clean water or they eat dirty food. So, they often suffer (b)_______________ diarrhoea. The condition (c)_______________ our villages is very serious. The best way to keep in good health is to follow the rules (d) _______________ cleanliness. A large number (e)_______________ people do not follow the rules (f)_______________ health. It is a great problem (g)_______________ our country. So, (h)_______________ order to keep in sound health, all the people must be strict (i)_______________ the rules (j)_______________ health.   (a) from (b) from (c) of (d) of (e) of (f) of (g) in/for (h) in (i) in/about (j) of   2. Complete the sentences with the suitable words/phrases given in the box below: 0.5×10=5   had better     it   have to/ has to what does ... look like  let alone would rather there     as soon as     What’s...... like was born         (a) Our spring is very charming. During spring various kinds of flowers bloom. _______________ seems that everything has got a new life. (b) _______________ the weather _______________ today? (c) Don’t disturb me. You _______________ leave me alone at this moment. (d) The poor man _______________ starve than beg. (e) _______________ exists no life on the Mars. (f) Baby : Mom, _______________ an owl _______________? (g) Sir Walter Scott was both a poet and a novelist. He _______________ in 1971. (h) Everybody _______________ pay the electricity bill in time. (i) _______________ we reached the station, the train started. (j) He did not even see a hill, _______________ a mountain.   (a) It (b) What’s....like (c) had better (d) would rather (e) There (f) what does... look like (g) was born (h) has to (i) As soon as (j) let alone   3. Complete the following sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 1×10=10 (a) It is swimming _______________. It makes us strong. (b) Though early rising is difficult _______________. Everybody should rise early. (c) A barking dog _______________. Do you know it? (d) You are very tired. You would better _______________. (e) The novel written by Milton is very interesting. I read it when _______________. (f) Truthfulness is a great virtue because _______________. (g) Corrupt persons are not only dishonest but also criminals. Now it is high time we _______________. (h) A library is a place where _______________. So, every education institution should have a library. (i) I worked hard though _______________. (j) I closed the door of my room so that _______________.   (a) that is a great exercise (b) it is beneficial for health (c) seldom bites (d) rest now/ rest for a while (e) I was in school/ college (f) it builds trust and respect among people (g) took strict actions against corruption (h) people can access books and knowledge freely (i) I faced many challenges (j) no one could disturb me   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Jerry is an orphan. He (a) _______________ (come) to the orphanage at the age of four. He (b) _______________ (lose) his parents in his infancy. Then, he (c) _______________ (commit) to the care of the orphanage. He could hardly (d) _______________ (recollect) his parents’ memory. In spite of (e) _______________ (be) an orphan, he had developed a strong fabric of morality. His inimitable morality (f) _______________ (draw) him close to the writer. The writer (g) _______________ (impress) with him. She started (h) _______________ (show) affection for him. Jerry (i) _______________ (take) her as his mother. He fabricated a lie (j) _______________ (win) her heart. The orphan boy (k) _______________ (come) closer to her. She also (l) _______________ (love) him like her son. Once she (m) _______________ (leave) the place but she (n) _______________ (cherish) the memory of the boy till her old age.   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Why are you putting up the food in your pocket, Sir? Why don’t you eat?” asked the noble man. “I am doing the right thing. My dress deserves these rich dishes.” replied Sheikh Saadi. “I don’t understand what you mean to say.” said the noble man. “And I’m sorry.”   Answer: The nobleman asked Sheikh Sadi respectfully why he was putting the food in his (S) pocket and why he(S) did not eat. Sheikh Sadi replied that he(S) was doing the right thing and added that his(S) dress deserved those rich dishes. The nobleman said that he(N) didn't understand what he(S) meant to say and added that he(N) was sorry.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 It was a hot (a) _______________ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day. A (b) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) crow flew all over the fields looking for water. For a long time, she could not find any water. She felt (c) _______________ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak, almost giving up hope. Suddenly, she saw a water jug below her. She flew (d) _______________ (post modify the verb) to see if there was any water inside. Yes, she could see some water inside the jug. The crow tried (e) _______________ (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). Sadly, she found that the neck of the jug was too narrow. Then she tried to push the jug down for the water to flow out. But she found (f) _______________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) jug too heavy. The crow thought (g) _______________ (use a phrase to post modify the verb) what to do. (h) _______________ (use a participle to pre-modify) she saw some pebbles nearby. She (i) _______________ (pre-modify the verb) had a good idea. She started picking up the pebbles one by one, dropping each into the jug. As more and more pebbles filled in the jug, the water level kept rising. Soon it was high (j) _______________ (post-modify the adjective) for the crow to drink. The crow quenched its thirst and flew away.     7. Use appropriate connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Happiness is a relative term. (a) _______________ it depends upon some factors. Contentment is the key to happiness. (b) _______________ contentment varies from person to person. (c) _______________, a beggar may be contented with only ten taka, (d) _______________, a wealthy person may be unsatisfied even after getting one million taka. It is said (e) _______________ contentment brings happiness. (f) _______________ we must learn to be contented with (g) _______________ we have. This learning is the simplest way to remain happy. (h) _______________, we must remember that our life is short and, in this short life, we cannot get everything what we want. If we want everything, we will not get happiness. (i) _______________ we will get frustrated and we will plunge into the world of sadness. (j) _______________ it is always better to be contented with what we have than to live in eternal sadness. (k) _______________, we should bear in mind that great men of the world didn’t long for much wealth (l) _______________ they remained happy with a little. (m) _______________, man can mould his own life worthy (n) _______________ he values the necessity of life morally.     8. Read the passage and then write the antonym and synonym of the words as directed: 0.5×14=7 The National Memorial is the symbol of the nation’s respect for the martyrs of the War of Liberation. It is located at Savar, Dhaka. Its foundation was laid on the first anniversary of the Victory Day in 1972. The entire complex covers an area of 126 acres. It will include a mosque, a library and a museum. The museum will preserve the relics of the Liberation War. There is a series of 7 towers that rise by stages to a height of 150 feet. These seven towers represent the seven heroes who made supreme sacrifice in the Liberation War. The height of the towers stands for the high sacrifice of every martyr. There are several graves of the martyrs close to the tower. Standing before the graves we bow down our heads to show respect to them for their sacrifice.   (a) symbol (synonym); (b) foundation (synonym); (c) entire (antonym); (d) cover (antonym); (e) include (antonym); (f) preserve (antonym); (g) represent (synonym); (h) sacrifice (synonym); (i) height (synonym); (j) before (antonym); (k) graves (synonym); (l) bow (synonym); (m) respect (antonym); (n) sacrifice (synonym)   Answer: (a) sign/emblem (b) base/groundwork (c) partial (d) exclude (e) exclude (f) damage/ruin (g) symbolize (h) offering (i) magnitude (j) behind (k) burials/tombs (l) bend (m) disrespect (n) offering   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and make capitalization if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Dhaka's infrastructure doesnt match the scale of its population Just 7 percent of the city is covered by roads compared with around 25 percent of paris and Viennaxihaka also suffers from the absence of a planned road network»there are 650 major intersections but only 60 traffic lights, many of which dont work that means the police force isnt enforcing driving or parking rules where theyre in the intersections directing traffic   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college requesting him to arrange some extra classes on English for the weak students. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “Uses and Abuses of Internet” in about 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph showing the causes and effects of ‘Climate Change’ in about 200 words. 15   ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100   [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Many people do not get enough nutrition (a)_______________ what they eat. Many children become blind because they do not get necessary nutrition. Diarrhoea is a common disease. This is because many do not drink clean water or they eat dirty food. So, they often suffer (b)_______________ diarrhoea. The condition (c)_______________ our villages is very serious. The best way to keep in good health is to follow the rules (d) _______________ cleanliness. A large number (e)_______________ people do not follow the rules (f)_______________ health. It is a great problem (g)_______________ our country. So, (h)_______________ order to keep in sound health, all the people must be strict (i)_______________ the rules (j)_______________ health.   Answer: (a) from (b) from (c) of (d) of (e) of (f) of (g) in/for (h) in (i) in/about (j) of   2. Complete the sentences with the suitable words/phrases given in the box below: 0.5×10=5   had better     it   have to/ has to what does ... look like  let alone would rather there     as soon as     What’s...... like was born         (a) Our spring is very charming. During spring various kinds of flowers bloom. _______________ seems that everything has got a new life. (b) _______________ the weather _______________ today? (c) Don’t disturb me. You _______________ leave me alone at this moment. (d) The poor man _______________ starve than beg. (e) _______________ exists no life on the Mars. (f) Baby : Mom, _______________ an owl _______________? (g) Sir Walter Scott was both a poet and a novelist. He _______________ in 1971. (h) Everybody _______________ pay the electricity bill in time. (i) _______________ we reached the station, the train started. (j) He did not even see a hill, _______________ a mountain.   Answer: (a) It (b) What’s....like (c) had better (d) would rather (e) There (f) what does... look like (g) was born (h) has to (i) As soon as (j) let alone   3. Complete the following sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 1×10=10 (a) It is swimming _______________. It makes us strong. (b) Though early rising is difficult _______________. Everybody should rise early. (c) A barking dog _______________. Do you know it? (d) You are very tired. You would better _______________. (e) The novel written by Milton is very interesting. I read it when _______________. (f) Truthfulness is a great virtue because _______________. (g) Corrupt persons are not only dishonest but also criminals. Now it is high time we _______________. (h) A library is a place where _______________. So, every education institution should have a library. (i) I worked hard though _______________. (j) I closed the door of my room so that _______________.   Answer: (a) that is a great exercise (b) it is beneficial for health (c) seldom bites (d) rest now/ rest for a while (e) I was in school/ college (f) it builds trust and respect among people (g) took strict actions against corruption (h) people can access books and knowledge freely (i) I faced many challenges (j) no one could disturb me   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 Jerry is an orphan. He (a) _______________ (come) to the orphanage at the age of four. He (b) _______________ (lose) his parents in his infancy. Then, he (c) _______________ (commit) to the care of the orphanage. He could hardly (d) _______________ (recollect) his parents’ memory. In spite of (e) _______________ (be) an orphan, he had developed a strong fabric of morality. His inimitable morality (f) _______________ (draw) him close to the writer. The writer (g) _______________ (impress) with him. She started (h) _______________ (show) affection for him. Jerry (i) _______________ (take) her as his mother. He fabricated a lie (j) _______________ (win) her heart. The orphan boy (k) _______________ (come) closer to her. She also (l) _______________ (love) him like her son. Once she (m) _______________ (leave) the place but she (n) _______________ (cherish) the memory of the boy till her old age.   Answer: (a) came (b) lost (c) was committed (d) recollect (e) being (f) drew (g) was impressed (h) showing/to show (i) took (j) to win (k) came (l) loved (m) left (n) cherished   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “Why are you putting up the food in your pocket, Sir? Why don’t you eat?” asked the noble man. “I am doing the right thing. My dress deserves these rich dishes.” replied Sheikh Saadi. “I don’t understand what you mean to say.” said the noble man. “And I’m sorry.”   Answer: The nobleman asked Sheikh Sadi respectfully why he was putting the food in his (S) pocket and why he(S) did not eat. Sheikh Sadi replied that he(S) was doing the right thing and added that his(S) dress deserved those rich dishes. The nobleman said that he(N) didn't understand what he(S) meant to say and added that he(N) was sorry.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 It was a hot (a) _______________ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day. A (b) _______________ (pre-modify the noun) crow flew all over the fields looking for water. For a long time, she could not find any water. She felt (c) _______________ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak, almost giving up hope. Suddenly, she saw a water jug below her. She flew (d) _______________ (post modify the verb) to see if there was any water inside. Yes, she could see some water inside the jug. The crow tried (e) _______________ (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). Sadly, she found that the neck of the jug was too narrow. Then she tried to push the jug down for the water to flow out. But she found (f) _______________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) jug too heavy. The crow thought (g) _______________ (use a phrase to post modify the verb) what to do. (h) _______________ (use a participle to pre-modify) she saw some pebbles nearby. She (i) _______________ (pre-modify the verb) had a good idea. She started picking up the pebbles one by one, dropping each into the jug. As more and more pebbles filled in the jug, the water level kept rising. Soon it was high (j) _______________ (post-modify the adjective) for the crow to drink. The crow quenched its thirst and flew away.   Answer: (a) summer (b) thirsty (c) very (d) down (e) to drink water (f) that (g) for a while (h) Looking (around) (i) instantly/immediately/suddenly (j) enough   7. Use appropriate connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Happiness is a relative term. (a) _______________ it depends upon some factors. Contentment is the key to happiness. (b) _______________ contentment varies from person to person. (c) _______________, a beggar may be contented with only ten taka, (d) _______________, a wealthy person may be unsatisfied even after getting one million taka. It is said (e) _______________ contentment brings happiness. (f) _______________ we must learn to be contented with (g) _______________ we have. This learning is the simplest way to remain happy. (h) _______________, we must remember that our life is short and, in this short life, we cannot get everything what we want. If we want everything, we will not get happiness. (i) _______________ we will get frustrated and we will plunge into the world of sadness. (j) _______________ it is always better to be contented with what we have than to live in eternal sadness. (k) _______________, we should bear in mind that great men of the world didn’t long for much wealth (l) _______________ they remained happy with a little. (m) _______________, man can mould his own life worthy (n) _______________ he values the necessity of life morally.   Answer: (a) Because (b) In fact/Additionally/Moreover/Also (c) For example/ For instance (d) Meanwhile/On the other hand/On the contrary (e) that (f) So/Therefore (g) What (h) Actually/In fact (i) Rather (j) Hence (k) Moreover (l) but (m) Therefore (n) if   8. Read the passage and then write the antonym and synonym of the words as directed: 0.5×14=7 The National Memorial is the symbol of the nation’s respect for the martyrs of the War of Liberation. It is located at Savar, Dhaka. Its foundation was laid on the first anniversary of the Victory Day in 1972. The entire complex covers an area of 126 acres. It will include a mosque, a library and a museum. The museum will preserve the relics of the Liberation War. There is a series of 7 towers that rise by stages to a height of 150 feet. These seven towers represent the seven heroes who made supreme sacrifice in the Liberation War. The height of the towers stands for the high sacrifice of every martyr. There are several graves of the martyrs close to the tower. Standing before the graves we bow down our heads to show respect to them for their sacrifice.   (a) symbol (synonym); (b) foundation (synonym); (c) entire (antonym); (d) cover (antonym); (e) include (antonym); (f) preserve (antonym); (g) represent (synonym); (h) sacrifice (synonym); (i) height (synonym); (j) before (antonym); (k) graves (synonym); (l) bow (synonym); (m) respect (antonym); (n) sacrifice (synonym)   Answer: (a) sign/emblem (b) base/groundwork (c) partial (d) exclude (e) exclude (f) damage/ruin (g) symbolize (h) offering (i) magnitude (j) behind (k) burials/tombs (l) bend (m) disrespect (n) offering   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and make capitalization if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Dhaka's infrastructure doesnt match the scale of its population Just 7 percent of the city is covered by roads compared with around 25 percent of paris and Viennaxihaka also suffers from the absence of a planned road network»there are 650 major intersections but only 60 traffic lights, many of which dont work that means the police force isnt enforcing driving or parking rules where theyre in the intersections directing traffic   Answer: Dhaka's infrastructure doesn't match the scale of its population. Just 7 percent of the city is covered by roads, compared with around 25 percent of Paris and Vienna. Dhaka also suffers from the absence of a planned road network. There are 650 major intersections but only 60 traffic lights, many of which don’t work. That means, the police force isn’t enforcing driving or parking rules, where they're in the intersections, directing traffic.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Write an application to the Principal of your college requesting him to arrange some extra classes on English for the weak students. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “Uses and Abuses of Internet” in about 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph showing the causes and effects of ‘Climate Change’ in about 200 words. 15

02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions. Marks 0.5×10=5 The vast number (a) _______________ plant species underwater forms a beautiful ecosystem. The plants which stay underwater depend (b) _______________ the light coming (c) _______________ the sun (d) _______________ their growth. They also draw the atmospheric carbon dioxide (e) _______________ the air above and convert them (f) _______________ oxygen. The flora (g) _______________ the surface (h) _______________ the water adds (i) _______________ the aesthetic beauty. These plants sometimes span vast lengths below the surface (j) _______________ the ocean.   2. Complete the following sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   There   It         have to was born          what... like       would rather as soon as        let alone           had better what does... look like                 Export to Sheets (a) The baby was crying. It stopped crying _______________ it saw its mother. (b) Rana, don't miss the programme. It will start at 10. If _______________ is any change, I will inform you. (c) _______________ is a good idea to walk in the morning. It refreshes both the body and mind. (d) I had an appointment at 4pm. I _______________ start now. (e) She wanted to celebrate her birthday. She _______________ decorate her room. (f) I have not yet seen the body. _______________ the new born baby _______________? (g) _______________ it _______________ swimming in the river? It seems to be very heroic to me. (h) He is very rude. He does not behave well with his parents, _______________ others. (i) Munshi Abdur Rouf _______________ on 1 May, 1943 in Salamatpur village in Faridpur district. He was awarded 'Bir Sreshtho' which is the highest recognition of bravery in Bangladesh. (j) She is very reserved. She _______________ remain silent than say a word.     3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases. 0.5×10=5 (a) I think you are irregular in studies. Be attentive lest _______________. (b) There are many obstacles in our way to success. We must work hard so that _______________. (c) Jamil had an accident yesterday while he _______________. (d) There goes a proverb that _______________. So, we should make friendship with a gentleman. (e) Corruption is a bottleneck to our national development. It is high time _______________. (f) He who _______________ makes a glorious result in the examination. (g) Whenever he speaks in English, _______________. In fact, we learn through mistakes. (h) We are a free nation now. 1971 is the year _______________. (i) Man proposes, _______________. (j) Danger comes where _______________. So, we have to be careful in our life.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 A mother is a supreme gift (a) __________ (bestow) upon us by Allah. She (b) __________ (exercise) an undeniable influence in (c) __________ (mould) the character of a child and also in (d) __________ (shape) their future destiny. A mother (e) __________ (regard) as the best teacher, guide and protector. An educated mother (f) __________ (manage) the family in a far better way than a mother who has (g) __________ (have) no schooling. She (h) __________ (be) more interested in (i) __________ (get) her children educated. She (j) __________ (sacrifice) her own happiness to (k) __________ (ensure) a better future for her children. So, often it (l) __________ (say) that the hands that (m) __________ (rock) the cradle (n) __________ (rule) the world.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 "Oh, my Lord do not kill the child", said the woman. "Let her have it." The king said, "Now everything is clear to me". Pointing to the woman, he said to the servant, "Give her the child. She is the mother of the child."     6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blank spaces as directed: 0.5×10=5 Once a wolf went to a stream to quench (a)__________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) thirst with water. While he was drinking water, he saw (b)__________ (use article to pre-modify the noun) lamb that was also drinking water over there. At the sight of the lamb, his mouth began (c)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). He turned to the lamb and said, "How dare you make the water muddy? Can't you see that I am drinking water from the (d)__________ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) stream?” The lamb got so (e)__________ (use an adverb to pre-modify the adjective) frightened that it could not speak for a while. Then it replied, "Sir, I beg (f)__________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) pardon. The water is running down (g)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase) to me. How can I make it muddy?" The wolf said, "But you bleated me and called me names (h)__________ (post modify the verb with an adverb)." The lamb replied, "Sir, I was not even born then. How could I abuse you last year?" The wolf (i)__________ (use a relative pronoun to post-modify the noun) was determined to eat (j)__________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) poor lamb, said to it, "Then it must have been your father, or mother or brother. You must suffer for your race."   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Everybody wants to be happy in life. Happiness is a relative term. (a)__________ it depends upon some factors. (b)__________, contentment is the key to happiness. (c)__________, contentment varies from person to person. (d)__________, a beggar may be contented with only ten taka, (e)__________ a wealthy person may be dissatisfied even after getting one million taka. (f)__________, it is said that contentment brings happiness. (g)__________, we must learn to be contented with what we have. (h)__________, this learning is the simplest way to remain happy. (i)__________, we must remember that our life is short (j)__________ in this short life, we cannot get everything (k)__________ we want. (l)__________ we want everything, we will not get happiness. (m)__________, we will get frustrated and we will plunge into the world of sadness. (n)__________, it is always better to be contented with what we have than to live in eternal sadness.     8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 To forgive an injury is often considered to be the sign of weakness. It is really a sign of strength. It is easy to allow one to be carried away by resentment and hatred into the act of vengeance but it takes strong character to restrain these natural passions. The man who forgives an injury proves himself to be superior to the man who wronged him and puts the wrongdoer to shame. Forgiveness may even turn a foe into a friend. So, mercy is a noblest form of revenge.   (a) forgive (synonym); (b) considered (antonym); (c) strength (antonym); (d) resentment (synonym); (e) vengeance (synonym); (f) character (synonym); (g) restrain (synonym); (h) passions (antonym); (i) superior (antonym); (j) shame (synonym); (k) forgiveness (antonym); (l) foe (antonym); (m) mercy (antonym); (n) revenge (synonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Rewrite the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Sajib: Have you heard the latest news Rakib: No whats happened Sojib: Well it seems Rana and Robi have broken off friendship Rakib: Really I must say it doesn't surprise me Sojib: Why do you think so? Rakib: Rana was very selfish. They were bound to break off today or tomorrow Sojib: Yes the sooner the better Rakib: But Robi is a good boy. Hes a pretty tough character. Sojib: I'm just surprised at the beginning of their friendship. How could they stay together? Two opposite characters Rakib: friendship never follows a rule.     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of a college in Gazipur. Write an application to the Principal for the permission to arrange a freshers' reception in the college campus. 10   11. Write a paragraph on "The Effects of Social Media" within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph on "Causes and Effects of Global Warming" within 200 words. 15 With Solution: 02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions. Marks 0.5×10=5 The vast number (a) _______________ plant species underwater forms a beautiful ecosystem. The plants which stay underwater depend (b) _______________ the light coming (c) _______________ the sun (d) _______________ their growth. They also draw the atmospheric carbon dioxide (e) _______________ the air above and convert them (f) _______________ oxygen. The flora (g) _______________ the surface (h) _______________ the water adds (i) _______________ the aesthetic beauty. These plants sometimes span vast lengths below the surface (j) _______________ the ocean.   Answer: (a) of (b) on (c) from (d) for (e) from (f) into (g) under/below (h) of (i) to (j) of   2. Complete the following sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   There   It         have to was born          what... like       would rather as soon as        let alone           had better what does... look like                 (a) The baby was crying. It stopped crying _______________ it saw its mother. (b) Rana, don't miss the programme. It will start at 10. If _______________ is any change, I will inform you. (c) _______________ is a good idea to walk in the morning. It refreshes both the body and mind. (d) I had an appointment at 4pm. I _______________ start now. (e) She wanted to celebrate her birthday. She _______________ decorate her room. (f) I have not yet seen the body. _______________ the new born baby _______________? (g) _______________ it _______________ swimming in the river? It seems to be very heroic to me. (h) He is very rude. He does not behave well with his parents, _______________ others. (i) Munshi Abdur Rouf _______________ on 1 May, 1943 in Salamatpur village in Faridpur district. He was awarded 'Bir Sreshtho' which is the highest recognition of bravery in Bangladesh. (j) She is very reserved. She _______________ remain silent than say a word.   Answer: (a) as soon as (b) there (c) It (d) had better (e) has to (f) What does...look like (g) What is...like (h) let alone (i) was born (j) would rather   3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases. 0.5×10=5 (a) I think you are irregular in studies. Be attentive lest _______________. (b) There are many obstacles in our way to success. We must work hard so that _______________. (c) Jamil had an accident yesterday while he _______________. (d) There goes a proverb that _______________. So, we should make friendship with a gentleman. (e) Corruption is a bottleneck to our national development. It is high time _______________. (f) He who _______________ makes a glorious result in the examination. (g) Whenever he speaks in English, _______________. In fact, we learn through mistakes. (h) We are a free nation now. 1971 is the year _______________. (i) Man proposes, _______________. (j) Danger comes where _______________. So, we have to be careful in our life.   Answer: (a) you should fall behind in your class (b) we can achieve our goals (c) was driving to work (d) a man is known by the company he keeps (e) we took strong measures (f) studies hard and remains dedicated, (g) he makes some mistakes (h) when Bangladesh gained independence (i) God disposes (j) we least expect it   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 A mother is a supreme gift (a) __________ (bestow) upon us by Allah. She (b) __________ (exercise) an undeniable influence in (c) __________ (mould) the character of a child and also in (d) __________ (shape) their future destiny. A mother (e) __________ (regard) as the best teacher, guide and protector. An educated mother (f) __________ (manage) the family in a far better way than a mother who has (g) __________ (have) no schooling. She (h) __________ (be) more interested in (i) __________ (get) her children educated. She (j) __________ (sacrifice) her own happiness to (k) __________ (ensure) a better future for her children. So, often it (l) __________ (say) that the hands that (m) __________ (rock) the cradle (n) __________ (rule) the world.   Answer: (a) bestowed (b) exercises (c) moulding (d) shaping (e) is regarded (f) can manage (g) had (h) is (i) getting (j) sacrifices (k) ensure (l) is said (m) rock (n) rule   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 "Oh, my Lord do not kill the child", said the woman. "Let her have it." The king said, "Now everything is clear to me". Pointing to the woman, he said to the servant, "Give her the child. She is the mother of the child."   Answer: Addressing the king as her Lord the woman urged him (king) not to kill the child. She again requested to let her (the other woman) have it (the child). The king said that everything was clear to him (king) then. Pointing to the woman, he ordered his servant to give her the child and added that she was the mother of the baby.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blank spaces as directed: 0.5×10=5 Once a wolf went to a stream to quench (a)__________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) thirst with water. While he was drinking water, he saw (b)__________ (use article to pre-modify the noun) lamb that was also drinking water over there. At the sight of the lamb, his mouth began (c)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). He turned to the lamb and said, "How dare you make the water muddy? Can't you see that I am drinking water from the (d)__________ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) stream?” The lamb got so (e)__________ (use an adverb to pre-modify the adjective) frightened that it could not speak for a while. Then it replied, "Sir, I beg (f)__________ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) pardon. The water is running down (g)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase) to me. How can I make it muddy?" The wolf said, "But you bleated me and called me names (h)__________ (post modify the verb with an adverb)." The lamb replied, "Sir, I was not even born then. How could I abuse you last year?" The wolf (i)__________ (use a relative pronoun to post-modify the noun) was determined to eat (j)__________ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) poor lamb, said to it, "Then it must have been your father, or mother or brother. You must suffer for your race."   Answer: (a) his (b) a (c) to water with greed (d) clear (e) much/terribly (f) your (g) from your end (h) last year (i) that (j) that   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Everybody wants to be happy in life. Happiness is a relative term. (a)__________ it depends upon some factors. (b)__________, contentment is the key to happiness. (c)__________, contentment varies from person to person. (d)__________, a beggar may be contented with only ten taka, (e)__________ a wealthy person may be dissatisfied even after getting one million taka. (f)__________, it is said that contentment brings happiness. (g)__________, we must learn to be contented with what we have. (h)__________, this learning is the simplest way to remain happy. (i)__________, we must remember that our life is short (j)__________ in this short life, we cannot get everything (k)__________ we want. (l)__________ we want everything, we will not get happiness. (m)__________, we will get frustrated and we will plunge into the world of sadness. (n)__________, it is always better to be contented with what we have than to live in eternal sadness.   Answer: (a) Because (b) In fact/Indeed (c) However (d) For example/For instance (e) Meanwhile/On the other hand/On the contrary (f) Consequently/As a result/Therefore (g) Therefore (h) Actually/In fact (i) In addition (j) but (k) that (l) If (m) Rather/Instead (n) So/Hence   8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 To forgive an injury is often considered to be the sign of weakness. It is really a sign of strength. It is easy to allow one to be carried away by resentment and hatred into the act of vengeance but it takes strong character to restrain these natural passions. The man who forgives an injury proves himself to be superior to the man who wronged him and puts the wrongdoer to shame. Forgiveness may even turn a foe into a friend. So, mercy is a noblest form of revenge.   (a) forgive (synonym); (b) considered (antonym); (c) strength (antonym); (d) resentment (synonym); (e) vengeance (synonym); (f) character (synonym); (g) restrain (synonym); (h) passions (antonym); (i) superior (antonym); (j) shame (synonym); (k) forgiveness (antonym); (l) foe (antonym); (m) mercy (antonym); (n) revenge (synonym).   Answer: (a) pardon (b) ignored/disregarded (c) weakness (d) grudge/bitterness (e) revenge (f) personality (g) control (h) indifference/apathy (i) inferior (j) humiliation (k) vengeance (l) friend (m) cruelty (n) retribution   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Rewrite the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Sajib: Have you heard the latest news Rakib: No whats happened Sojib: Well it seems Rana and Robi have broken off friendship Rakib: Really I must say it doesn't surprise me Sojib: Why do you think so? Rakib: Rana was very selfish. They were bound to break off today or tomorrow Sojib: Yes the sooner the better Rakib: But Robi is a good boy. Hes a pretty tough character. Sojib: I'm just surprised at the beginning of their friendship. How could they stay together? Two opposite characters Rakib: friendship never follows a rule.   Answer: Sajib: Have you heard the latest news? Rakib: No, what's happened? Sojib: Well, it seems Rana and Robi have broken off friendship. Rakib: Really? I must say it doesn't surprise me. Sojib: Why do you think so? Rakib: Rana was very selfish. They’re bound to break off today or tomorrow. Sojib: Yes, the sooner, the better. Rakib: But Robi is a good boy. He's a pretty tough character. Sojib: I'm just surprised at the beginning of their friendship. How could they stay together? Two opposite characters. Rakib: Friendship never follows a rule.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of a college in Gazipur. Write an application to the Principal for the permission to arrange a freshers' reception in the college campus. 10   11. Write a paragraph on "The Effects of Social Media" within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph on "Causes and Effects of Global Warming" within 200 words. 15

04 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Love for motherland is inherent (a) _______________ man. A man who is devoid (b) _______________ love for his motherland is not a true patriot. A genuine patriot loves his motherland (c) _______________ the core of his heart. He dedicates his whole life (d) _______________ the service of his own country. He is prepared to lay (e) _______________ his life for the greatest interest of his motherland. Our freedom fighters are the proud sons of our country. They took pride (f) _______________ fighting for the country (g) _______________ our enemy. They never retreated (h) _______________ the battle field rather swooped (i) _______________ the enemy valiantly. Their sacrifice will end (j) _______________ vain if we fail to build our own country.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   let alone there     what does ...look like as soon as     has to    what’s ... like would rather   had better     was born it           (a) Rifat is suffering from tooth-ache. He _______________ see a dentist. (b) Rima _______________ in Indonesia and raised in America and now she has a dual citizenship. (c) The game is delayed due to rain. It will resume _______________ the rain stops. (d) In modern times, _______________ has been a great change in the attitude of man regarding superstitious belief. (e) You look very anxious. And you cannot continue your study any longer. You _______________ take rest. (f) I like typing. I _______________ use the key-board than write with a pen. (g) We aren't being able to save the trees, _______________ our forest. (h) _______________ mother’s love _______________? It is incomparable. (i) _______________ is unfortunate that many students spoil their time by using facebook. (j) _______________ the frozen mountain peak _______________? It looks like a white dome.     3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases. 0.5×10=5 (a) Your H.S.C Examination is knocking at the door. You have to study attentively so that _______________. (b) Time flies very fast. Five years have passed since _______________. (c) I got a scholarship when _______________. Everybody was happy. (d) I was very busy with my examination. If I _______________, I would have joined your birthday celebration. (e) A village market is a place where _______________. This place is full of hue and cry. (f) Their salary is so high. The government should assist him lest _______________. (g) Early rising gives a man enough free time. Had I been an early riser, _______________. (h) There is nobody _______________. Hence happiness is a relative term. (i) I worked hard although _______________. (j) The crown is a symbol of a king. Uneasy lies the head _______________.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context. 0.5×14=7 A teacher (a) __________ (compare) with an architect. Teachers (b) __________ (call) the architects of a nation. They (c) __________ (play) an important role in order to build a nation. They are used (d) __________ (make) the illiterate people worthy citizens. But the teachers (e) __________ (not hold) high respect in our country. They are habituated to (f) __________ (lead) a humble life in the midst of want. Still they (g) __________ (keep) the light of education (h) __________ (burn) with a view to (i) ________ (remove) the darkness of illiteracy. It is high time we (j) ________ (change) our outlook towards the teachers. In many developed countries teachers (k) _________ (give) high respect. “A most important truth, which we are apt (l) ________ (forget), is that a teacher can never truly teach unless he is still (m) ________ (learn) himself. A lamp can never light another lamp unless it (n) ________ (continue) to burn its own flame,” Tagore said.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “What kind of stories did Aesop tell?” asked Anwar. “Fables”, said Mrs Amin. “Do you know what fables are?” “No,” replied Anwar. “Well,” said Mrs Amin, “Fables are stories with a message or a moral.” “Who is Aesop and where does he live?” asked Anwar. “Aesop entertained people telling stories,” said Mrs Amin.     6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Long ago there lived (a)__________ (use article to pre-modify the noun) merchant. He used to deal in salt. He had a donkey to carry the load. He used to sell (b)__________ (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) salt loaded on the donkey. He had to cross a stream (c)__________ (Use an infinitive) to other village. Once his donkey fell (d)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase) and (e)__________ (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) of the salt was dissolved in water. The donkey (f)__________ (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) crossed the stream due to the light weight of salt (g)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase). The donkey was happy. The merchant next day loaded the donkey with a lot of cotton. The donkey once again repeated the (h)__________ (Use adjective to pre-modify the noun) trick. He fell into the stream. (i)__________ (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time his load became very heavy. The donkey carried the heavy load. It was very tiring for him to move on. The donkey now realized his mistake. He stopped falling down into (j)__________ (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) stream. The merchant had taught the donkey a good lesson.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Unemployment is a great curse. (a)__________ all the countries of the world suffer from the curse. (b)__________ nowhere in the world this problem is so acute as in our country. (c)__________ there are many reasons behind it. (d)__________, our country is industrially backward. (e)__________ our traditional education system is not service-oriented. (f)__________ our students and youths have false sense of dignity. (g)__________ they run after job only. (h)__________ unemployment problem should be removed at any cost. (i)__________ we want to remove it truly, our education system should be changed. (j)__________ more mills and factories should be established. (k)__________ the educated youth should change their attitude to life. (l)__________ they can work in agriculture field, cultivate fish, grow vegetables etc. (m)__________ they can start small business. (n)__________ self employment is a possible solution to this great problem.     8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Sincerity is the root of success of all work. One can go a long way if he does a job with sincerity. The great men are sincere because they know that sincerity is the key to success. Those who do not follow the rules of sincerity can never go a long way. Sincerity is the secret of victory. If any work is not done with sincerity, one will never receive desirable output from it. So, we should be sincere in every walk of life.   (a) Sincerity (antonym); (b) success (antonym); (c) job (synonym); (d) great (antonym); (e) because (synonym); (f) know (synonym); (g) key (synonym); (h) follow (antonym); (i) rules (synonym); (j) never (antonym); (k) long (antonym); (l) victory (synonym); (m) desirable (antonym); (n) output (synonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and make capitalization if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Son : Have you finished your cooking mother My time is up if I do not start now I will be again late today. Mother : I will need only ten minutes more by this time you dress up yourself. Son : I have already done it now I am waiting for food. Mother : I am coming my child dont worry I will give you a drop if necessary. Son : in that case, I have no problem to wait. Please ask your driver to make the car ready. Mother : Ok. No problent. I myself will drop you at your college. Son : Thats like a good mother.     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Imagine you are Rifat, a student of ABC college. Now write an application to your Principal to establish a debating club. 10   11. Write a paragraph within 200 words describing the “Importance of Tree Plantation”. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “The Causes and Effects of Road Accident” within 200 words. 15 With Solution: ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Love for motherland is inherent (a) _______________ man. A man who is devoid (b) _______________ love for his motherland is not a true patriot. A genuine patriot loves his motherland (c) _______________ the core of his heart. He dedicates his whole life (d) _______________ the service of his own country. He is prepared to lay (e) _______________ his life for the greatest interest of his motherland. Our freedom fighters are the proud sons of our country. They took pride (f) _______________ fighting for the country (g) _______________ our enemy. They never retreated (h) _______________ the battle field rather swooped (i) _______________ the enemy valiantly. Their sacrifice will end (j) _______________ vain if we fail to build our own country.   Answer: (a) in (b) of (c) from (d) to (e) down (f) in (g) against (h) from (i) on/upon (j) in   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   let alone there     what does ...look like as soon as     has to    what’s ... like would rather   had better     was born it           (a) Rifat is suffering from tooth-ache. He _______________ see a dentist. (b) Rima _______________ in Indonesia and raised in America and now she has a dual citizenship. (c) The game is delayed due to rain. It will resume _______________ the rain stops. (d) In modern times, _______________ has been a great change in the attitude of man regarding superstitious belief. (e) You look very anxious. And you cannot continue your study any longer. You _______________ take rest. (f) I like typing. I _______________ use the key-board than write with a pen. (g) We aren't being able to save the trees, _______________ our forest. (h) _______________ mother’s love _______________? It is incomparable. (i) _______________ is unfortunate that many students spoil their time by using facebook. (j) _______________ the frozen mountain peak _______________? It looks like a white dome.   Answer: (a) had better (b) was born (c) as soon as (d) there (e) have to (f) would rather (g) let alone (h) What’s...like (i) It (j) What does...look like   3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases. 0.5×10=5 (a) Your H.S.C Examination is knocking at the door. You have to study attentively so that _______________. (b) Time flies very fast. Five years have passed since _______________. (c) I got a scholarship when _______________. Everybody was happy. (d) I was very busy with my examination. If I _______________, I would have joined your birthday celebration. (e) A village market is a place where _______________. This place is full of hue and cry. (f) Their salary is so high. The government should assist him lest _______________. (g) Early rising gives a man enough free time. Had I been an early riser, _______________. (h) There is nobody _______________. Hence happiness is a relative term. (i) I worked hard although _______________. (j) The crown is a symbol of a king. Uneasy lies the head _______________.   Answer: (a) you can achieve good results (b) I graduated from college (c) I was in class ten (d) had been free (e) people gather to buy and sell goods (f) he should/might misuse his income [Note: In the prompt, 'His' should be used instead of 'Their'.] (g) I would have accomplished more tasks (h) who is completely happy in this world (i) the task was easy (j) that wears a crown   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context. 0.5×14=7 A teacher (a) __________ (compare) with an architect. Teachers (b) __________ (call) the architects of a nation. They (c) __________ (play) an important role in order to build a nation. They are used (d) __________ (make) the illiterate people worthy citizens. But the teachers (e) __________ (not hold) high respect in our country. They are habituated to (f) __________ (lead) a humble life in the midst of want. Still they (g) __________ (keep) the light of education (h) __________ (burn) with a view to (i) ________ (remove) the darkness of illiteracy. It is high time we (j) ________ (change) our outlook towards the teachers. In many developed countries teachers (k) _________ (give) high respect. “A most important truth, which we are apt (l) ________ (forget), is that a teacher can never truly teach unless he is still (m) ________ (learn) himself. A lamp can never light another lamp unless it (n) ________ (continue) to burn its own flame,” Tagore said.   Answer: (a) is compared (b) are called (c) play (d) to making (e) are not held (f) leading (g) keep (h) burning (i) removing (j) changed (k) are given (l) to forget (m) learning (n) continues   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 “What kind of stories did Aesop tell?” asked Anwar. “Fables”, said Mrs Amin. “Do you know what fables are?” “No,” replied Anwar. “Well,” said Mrs Amin, “Fables are stories with a message or a moral.” “Who is Aesop and where does he live?” asked Anwar. “Aesop entertained people telling stories,” said Mrs Amin.   Answer: Anwar asked Mrs. Amin what kind of stories Aesop had told. Mrs. Amin replied that they had been fables and asked if he knew what fables were. Anwar replied in the negative. Mrs. Amin nodded and continued that fables are stories with a message or a moral. Anwar further asked who Aesop was and where he lived. Mrs. Amin replied that Aesop had entertained people by telling those stories.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Long ago there lived (a)__________ (use article to pre-modify the noun) merchant. He used to deal in salt. He had a donkey to carry the load. He used to sell (b)__________ (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) salt loaded on the donkey. He had to cross a stream (c)__________ (Use an infinitive) to other village. Once his donkey fell (d)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase) and (e)__________ (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) of the salt was dissolved in water. The donkey (f)__________ (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) crossed the stream due to the light weight of salt (g)__________ (post modify the verb with prepositional phrase). The donkey was happy. The merchant next day loaded the donkey with a lot of cotton. The donkey once again repeated the (h)__________ (Use adjective to pre-modify the noun) trick. He fell into the stream. (i)__________ (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time his load became very heavy. The donkey carried the heavy load. It was very tiring for him to move on. The donkey now realized his mistake. He stopped falling down into (j)__________ (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) stream. The merchant had taught the donkey a good lesson.   Answer: (a) a (b) his (c) to go (d) into the river (e) much (f) easily (g) without difficulty (h) same (i) This (j) the   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 Unemployment is a great curse. (a)__________ all the countries of the world suffer from the curse. (b)__________ nowhere in the world this problem is so acute as in our country. (c)__________ there are many reasons behind it. (d)__________, our country is industrially backward. (e)__________ our traditional education system is not service-oriented. (f)__________ our students and youths have false sense of dignity. (g)__________ they run after job only. (h)__________ unemployment problem should be removed at any cost. (i)__________ we want to remove it truly, our education system should be changed. (j)__________ more mills and factories should be established. (k)__________ the educated youth should change their attitude to life. (l)__________ they can work in agriculture field, cultivate fish, grow vegetables etc. (m)__________ they can start small business. (n)__________ self employment is a possible solution to this great problem.   Answer: (a) At present/Now/In fact (b) But/Truly speaking (c) Obviously/However/Surely (d) Firstly (e) Secondly (f) Thirdly (g) So/Therefore (h) Hence (i) In fact/Indeed (j) Additionally (k) Moreover (l) Besides (m) On top of that/Also (n) Therefore   8. Read the passage and write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 Sincerity is the root of success of all work. One can go a long way if he does a job with sincerity. The great men are sincere because they know that sincerity is the key to success. Those who do not follow the rules of sincerity can never go a long way. Sincerity is the secret of victory. If any work is not done with sincerity, one will never receive desirable output from it. So, we should be sincere in every walk of life.   (a) Sincerity (antonym); (b) success (antonym); (c) job (synonym); (d) great (antonym); (e) because (synonym); (f) know (synonym); (g) key (synonym); (h) follow (antonym); (i) rules (synonym); (j) never (antonym); (k) long (antonym); (l) victory (synonym); (m) desirable (antonym); (n) output (synonym).   Answer: (a) Insincerity (b) failure (c) work/task (d) ordinary/small (e) as/since (f) realize/learn/apprehend (g) way/tool (h) disobey/ignore (i) laws/codes (j) always (k) short/brief (l) triumph (m) undesirable (n) result/outcome   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and make capitalization if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Son : Have you finished your cooking mother My time is up if I do not start now I will be again late today. Mother : I will need only ten minutes more by this time you dress up yourself. Son : I have already done it now I am waiting for food. Mother : I am coming my child dont worry I will give you a drop if necessary. Son : in that case, I have no problem to wait. Please ask your driver to make the car ready. Mother : Ok. No problent. I myself will drop you at your college. Son : Thats like a good mother.   Answer: Son: Have you finished your cooking, mother? My time is up. If I do not start now, I will be again late today. Mother: I will need only ten minutes more. By this time, you dress up yourself. Son: I have already done it. Now I am waiting for food. Mother: I am coming, my child. Don't worry. I will give you a drop if necessary. Son: In that case, I have no problem to wait. Please ask your driver to make the car ready. Mother: Ok. No problem. I myself will drop you at your college. Son: That's like a good mother.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Imagine you are Rifat, a student of ABC college. Now write an application to your Principal to establish a debating club. 10   11. Write a paragraph within 200 words describing the “Importance of Tree Plantation”. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “The Causes and Effects of Road Accident” within 200 words. 15

02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Charity is a noble virtue. A person should be endowed (a) __________ this virtue. It makes people think favourably (b) __________ their fellowmen and do them good. It is also the cheerful giving of one's possession to someone (c) __________ need. This quality brings happiness (d) __________ earth and strengthens the ties of relationship (e) __________ men. It should not be measured (f) __________ terms of money. Rather, it should be measured (g) __________ the sacrifice that one makes. In fact, it is a form (h) __________ self-sacrifice (i) __________ which our society cannot progress. So, everybody should practise this habit (j) __________ childhood.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable words/phrases given in the box: 0.5×10=5   let alone have to   it was born  as soon as     there what’s............ like  what does .... look like had better would rather           (a) You _______________ not touch the crocodile. It may be dangerous. (b) She has never boiled an egg, _______________ prepared an entire meal. (c) It is raining outside. He will go to the shop _______________ the rain stops. (d) I don’t need a lift. I _______________ walk. (e) They _______________ solve these problems soon or the project will fail. (f) The house was dirty. _______________ was John who cleaned the house. (g) _______________ goes a proverb that morning shows the day. (h) _______________ an alligator _______________? I have never seen it. (i) He _______________ of German parents. In fact, he lived most of his life abroad. (j) _______________ the journey _______________? It was very enjoyable to me.   3. Complete the following sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: 1×10=10 (a) Whenever I go to visit the factory, I _______________. He must account for his absence. (b) You are now sick. Call me in case _______________. (c) She confessed that _______________. So he pardoned her. (d) It was very cold. They had to put on warm clothes so that _______________. (e) The market is not far away from here. It will take them ten minutes _______________. (f) The man tried heart and soul to get the job but could not. Had he got the job, _______________. (g) Though we were thirsty _______________. The water of the bottle was not pure. (h) They had to postpone their journey because of _______________. (i) Man is a social being. So, he cannot always do whatever _______________. (j) United we stand, _______________.     4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct forms of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 In this world truth (a) __________ (reign) over falsehood. Those who are always in the habit of (b) __________ (speak) the truth (c) __________ (respect) everywhere. But those who are involved in telling lies, (d) __________ (not shine) in life. That is why, we see that many great men in history used to (e) __________ (preach) truth among their countrymen. (f) __________ (Be) truthful is essential for our society. It (g) __________ (hold) the highest value in (h) __________ (make) our society better. This quality (i) __________ (consider) as one of the essential factors that empower us from within. A truthful man is a (j) __________ (trust) person. And this trust (k) __________ (build) confidence in us. Confidence makes us (l) __________ (feel) better. When we start (m) __________ (get) comfortable with speaking the truth, we will begin to prosper. So, we should try hard (n) __________ (stay) away from the lies.     5. Change the narrative style of the following text, by using indirect speeches: 7 “Where are you going?” said the merchant. “I was coming to see you.” “What do you want?” “To earn my bread by the labour of my hands.” “Do you really want work?” said the merchant. “Yes, if you have any.” “Then follow me and carry a box from a shop to my house.” “I do not see how I can do that,” said the youth.     6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blank spaces as directed: 0.5×10=5 The necessity of learning English is the demand of today’s world. But many people in (a) __________ (Pre-modify the noun with a possessive) country do not realize it. As we are living in a (b) __________ (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) village, it has become essential (c) __________ (Post-modify the adjective with an infinitive phrase). So, if we know English (d) __________ (Post-modify the verb with an adverb), we can communicate with people all over the world. Surely, English has become an important element of our (e) __________ (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) development. This language ensures an (f) __________ (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) access to all the information in the world computers. (g) __________ (Use a participle phrase to pre-modify the clause), we can progress personally and professionally. If we fail to have a good command over the language, we will lag behind (h) __________ (Post-modify the verb using an adverbial). With (i) __________ (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) language, we can get access to art, literature and culture from various countries. So, it is clear that English is (j) __________ (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) spoken all over the world.     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following text: 0.5×14=7 A thing of beauty is a joy forever. (a)__________ a flower is a symbol of beauty and purity. (b)__________ flower cultivation was rare in our country. (c)__________ the scenario has been changed. (d)__________ people cultivate flowers not only for enjoying their beauty but also for earning money. (e)__________, in big cities and towns, many flower shops have flourished and different types of flowers are sold there. (f)__________, the demand of flowers is increasing day by day. (g)__________, they are of great use to us. (h)__________ flowers play an important role in making our mood cheerful and happy. (i)__________ they are used for decorating homes. (j)__________, flowers are regarded as a symbol of mourning and tribute to someone. (k)__________, in many popular and social events, flowers are needed for giving or spot decoration. (l)__________, we express our love and affection towards anyone with flowers. (m)__________, flowers are a great source of honey, perfume, medicine and even food. (n)__________ the use of flowers in our daily life has become wide in different ways.     8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed: 0.5×14=7 There can be no progress without efforts. Life loses its interest if there is no struggle. For example, games become dull if there is no competition in them and if the result is easily foreseen. No matter we win the game or lose it. The keener the contest, the greater the enjoyment. A victory is not a real triumph unless both the sides are equally matched. Whether we like it or not, life is a continuous competitive examination.   (a) progress (synonym); (b) efforts (synonym); (c) interest (synonym); (d) struggle (antonym); (e) dull (antonym); (f) competition (synonym); (g) easily (antonym); (h) win (antonym); (i) enjoyment (synonym); (j) victory (antonym); (k) real (synonym); (l) equally (antonym); (m) like (synonym); (n) continuous (antonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and use capital letters if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Kamal: Wheres your pen? Rony: It’s gone. Rony : Yes.it was on the desk a few minutes ago. Now there in no sign of it. Kamal: I left, it on the desk. Rony: Its my favourite pen. What can I do Kamal: Lets complain to the Principal. Rony: For what Kamal: For your pen, Rony: Youre mad I’ll complain to the Principal for a pen,     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of a college in Dhaka. Many outsiders disturb the students in your college campus during class hours. Now, on behalf of the students, write an application to your Principal for taking measures against the outsiders. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “The Importance of Moral Values” within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “Frequent Road Accidents—It’s Causes and Effects in Bangladesh” within 200 words. 15 With Solution: 02 Set ENGLISH Second Paper [According to the Syllabus of 2025] Subject Code: 108 Time—3 hours Full marks—100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.]   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Charity is a noble virtue. A person should be endowed (a) __________ this virtue. It makes people think favourably (b) __________ their fellowmen and do them good. It is also the cheerful giving of one's possession to someone (c) __________ need. This quality brings happiness (d) __________ earth and strengthens the ties of relationship (e) __________ men. It should not be measured (f) __________ terms of money. Rather, it should be measured (g) __________ the sacrifice that one makes. In fact, it is a form (h) __________ self-sacrifice (i) __________ which our society cannot progress. So, everybody should practise this habit (j) __________ childhood.   Answer: (a) with (b) of (c) in (d) on (e) among (f) in (g) by (h) of (i) without (j) from   2. Complete the sentences with suitable words/phrases given in the box: 0.5×10=5   let alone have to   it was born  as soon as     there what’s............ like  what does .... look like had better would rather           (a) You _______________ not touch the crocodile. It may be dangerous. (b) She has never boiled an egg, _______________ prepared an entire meal. (c) It is raining outside. He will go to the shop _______________ the rain stops. (d) I don’t need a lift. I _______________ walk. (e) They _______________ solve these problems soon or the project will fail. (f) The house was dirty. _______________ was John who cleaned the house. (g) _______________ goes a proverb that morning shows the day. (h) _______________ an alligator _______________? I have never seen it. (i) He _______________ of German parents. In fact, he lived most of his life abroad. (j) _______________ the journey _______________? It was very enjoyable to me.   Answer: (a) had better (b) let alone (c) as soon as (d) would rather (e) have to (f) It (g) There (h) What does .... look like (i) was born (j) What’s ... like 3. Complete the following sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: 1×10=10 (a) Whenever I go to visit the factory, I _______________. He must account for his absence. (b) You are now sick. Call me in case _______________. (c) She confessed that _______________. So he pardoned her. (d) It was very cold. They had to put on warm clothes so that _______________. (e) The market is not far away from here. It will take them ten minutes _______________. (f) The man tried heart and soul to get the job but could not. Had he got the job, _______________. (g) Though we were thirsty _______________. The water of the bottle was not pure. (h) They had to postpone their journey because of _______________. (i) Man is a social being. So, he cannot always do whatever _______________. (j) United we stand, _______________.   Answer: (a) find him missing every single time. (b) your condition gets worse than yesterday. (c) she had made a mistake. (d) they could protect themselves from coldness. (e) to reach there walking at normal speed. (f) he would have led a better life. (g) we could not drink the impure water. (h) the sudden heavy rain and stormy weather. (i) he wants to do it in all situations. (j) divided we fall.   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct forms of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 In this world truth (a) __________ (reign) over falsehood. Those who are always in the habit of (b) __________ (speak) the truth (c) __________ (respect) everywhere. But those who are involved in telling lies, (d) __________ (not shine) in life. That is why, we see that many great men in history used to (e) __________ (preach) truth among their countrymen. (f) __________ (Be) truthful is essential for our society. It (g) __________ (hold) the highest value in (h) __________ (make) our society better. This quality (i) __________ (consider) as one of the essential factors that empower us from within. A truthful man is a (j) __________ (trust) person. And this trust (k) __________ (build) confidence in us. Confidence makes us (l) __________ (feel) better. When we start (m) __________ (get) comfortable with speaking the truth, we will begin to prosper. So, we should try hard (n) __________ (stay) away from the lies.   Answer: (a) reigns (b) speaking (c) are respected (d) don’t shine / never shine (e) preach (f) Being (g) holds (h) making (i) is considered (j) trusted (k) builds (l) feel (m) getting/ to get (n) to stay   5. Change the narrative style of the following text, by using indirect speeches: 7 “Where are you going?” said the merchant. “I was coming to see you.” “What do you want?” “To earn my bread by the labour of my hands.” “Do you really want work?” said the merchant. “Yes, if you have any.” “Then follow me and carry a box from a shop to my house.” “I do not see how I can do that,” said the youth.   Answer: The merchant asked the youth where he was going. The youth replied that he(Y) was going to see him(M). The merchant asked what he(Y) wanted. The youth replied that he(Y) wanted to earn his bread by the labour of his hands. The merchant again asked if he(Y) really wanted work. The youth replied in the affirmative and said that he(Y) really wanted work if he(M) had any. Then the merchant ordered the youth to follow him(M) and carry a box from a shop to his(M) house. The youth said that he(Y) did not see how he(Y) could do that.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blank spaces as directed: 0.5×10=5 The necessity of learning English is the demand of today’s world. But many people in (a) __________ (Pre-modify the noun with a possessive) country do not realize it. As we are living in a (b) __________ (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) village, it has become essential (c) __________ (Post-modify the adjective with an infinitive phrase). So, if we know English (d) __________ (Post-modify the verb with an adverb), we can communicate with people all over the world. Surely, English has become an important element of our (e) __________ (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) development. This language ensures an (f) __________ (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) access to all the information in the world computers. (g) __________ (Use a participle phrase to pre-modify the clause), we can progress personally and professionally. If we fail to have a good command over the language, we will lag behind (h) __________ (Post-modify the verb using an adverbial). With (i) __________ (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) language, we can get access to art, literature and culture from various countries. So, it is clear that English is (j) __________ (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) spoken all over the world.   Answer: (a) our (b) global (c) to communicate with people all over the world (d) accurately/properly (e) national (f) easy (g) Having learnt English/learning English (h) badly (i) this (j) widely   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following text: 0.5×14=7 A thing of beauty is a joy forever. (a)__________ a flower is a symbol of beauty and purity. (b)__________ flower cultivation was rare in our country. (c)__________ the scenario has been changed. (d)__________ people cultivate flowers not only for enjoying their beauty but also for earning money. (e)__________, in big cities and towns, many flower shops have flourished and different types of flowers are sold there. (f)__________, the demand of flowers is increasing day by day. (g)__________, they are of great use to us. (h)__________ flowers play an important role in making our mood cheerful and happy. (i)__________ they are used for decorating homes. (j)__________, flowers are regarded as a symbol of mourning and tribute to someone. (k)__________, in many popular and social events, flowers are needed for giving or spot decoration. (l)__________, we express our love and affection towards anyone with flowers. (m)__________, flowers are a great source of honey, perfume, medicine and even food. (n)__________ the use of flowers in our daily life has become wide in different ways.   Answer: (a) In fact (b) Once/In the past (c) But (d) At present/Nowadays/Now (e) In addition/.Moreover (f) Consequently/As a result (g) So (h) Indeed/Actually (i) Firstly (j) Secondly (k) Thirdly (l) Fourthly (m) Finally (n) Thus/In this way   8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed: 0.5×14=7 There can be no progress without efforts. Life loses its interest if there is no struggle. For example, games become dull if there is no competition in them and if the result is easily foreseen. No matter we win the game or lose it. The keener the contest, the greater the enjoyment. A victory is not a real triumph unless both the sides are equally matched. Whether we like it or not, life is a continuous competitive examination.   (a) progress (synonym); (b) efforts (synonym); (c) interest (synonym); (d) struggle (antonym); (e) dull (antonym); (f) competition (synonym); (g) easily (antonym); (h) win (antonym); (i) enjoyment (synonym); (j) victory (antonym); (k) real (synonym); (l) equally (antonym); (m) like (synonym); (n) continuous (antonym).   Answer: (a) advancement (b) attempts (c) eagerness, curiosity (d) ease (e) lively / interesting (f) contest (g) difficultly (h) lose (i) pleasure / delight (j) defeat (k) genuine (l) unequally / unevenly (m) prefer / love (n) discontinuous / interrupted   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors and use capital letters if necessary: 0.5×14=7 Kamal: Wheres your pen? Rony: It’s gone. Rony : Yes.it  was on the desk a few minutes ago. Now there in no sign of it. Kamal: I left, it on the desk. Rony: Its my favourite pen. What can I do Kamal: Lets complain to the Principal. Rony: For what Kamal: For your pen, Rony: Youre mad I’ll complain to the Principal for a pen,   Answer: Karim: Where’s your pen? Rony: It's gone. Karim: Gone? Rony: Yes, it was on the desk a few minutes ago. Now there's no sign of it. Karim: I left it on the desk. Rony: It's my favourite pen. What can I do? Karim: Let's complain to the Principal. Rony: For what? Karim: For your pen. Rony: Your'e mad. I'll complain to the Principal for a pen!   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose you are a student of a college in Dhaka. Many outsiders disturb the students in your college campus during class hours. Now, on behalf of the students, write an application to your Principal for taking measures against the outsiders. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “The Importance of Moral Values” within 200 words. 15   12. Write a paragraph on “Frequent Road Accidents—It’s Causes and Effects in Bangladesh” within 200 words. 15 ]

04 Set ENGLISH Second Paper According to the Syllabus of 2023 Subject Code: 108 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks] Time—3 hours Full marks- 100   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Man is the best creation (a) _______________ Almighty. Actually, he is the most intelligent living being (b)_______________ earth. That is why, man is regarded (c)_______________ a rational animal. But man becomes the worst animal when he is devoid (d)_______________ sense and rationality. Man is endowed (e) _______________ such qualities as are different (f) _______________ other animals. So, to build (g)_______________ civilization and to beautify the earth is possible only (h)_______________ man (i)_______________ his thinking power, hard work and inventions. However, man is also responsible (j) _______________ mass destruction of human civilization.     2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   there     what does... look like   would rather as soon as     let alone had better what’s ... like     have to   was born (a) We _______________ hospitalize him soon to save his life. (b) _______________ is only early in the morning when we get fresh air. (c) He _______________ in Bangladesh but he was raised in America. (d) My father is very rigid. He _______________ die than accept my proposal. (e) Kamrul: _______________ the university admission test _______________? Ans: It’s not easy. It’s really hard and competitive. (f) I _______________ take a loan from a bank before starting the business. (g) _______________ is a historical place in our country. (h) Teacher: Learners, _______________ the map of Bangladesh _______________? Students: It looks a bit strange. (i) His mentality is so mean. He doesn't deserve to be my enemy, _______________ my friend. (j) He repaid the loan _______________ he made some profit from the business.     3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 0.5×10=5 (a) Everyone appreciates Mitu for her intelligence. She is so intelligent that _______________. (b) His only daughter lives in Canada. It is many years since _______________. (c) To tell a lie is a bad habit. The cowboy was used to _______________. (d) Don't waste time. Do hurry lest _______________. (e) I have bought a lottery ticket. If I win the lottery, _______________. (f) There goes a proverb that _______________. So, we must make the proper use of time. (g) It is my dream to establish a hospital for the poor. Had I been a millionaire, _______________. (h) Eve-teasing is a heinous crime. It is high time we _______________. (i) My brother had no job then. He went to Dhaka with a view to _______________. (j) English is an international language. If you do not learn English, _______________.   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 In the current social and economic system of Bangladesh, everyone (a) __________ (depend) on his income in order to (b) __________ (meet) the daily needs. However, many people of our country (c) __________ (not earn) enough to live comfortably. People of low income are to (d) __________ (struggle) a lot to buy food, clothes and medicine because prices of everything (e) __________ (rise) high day by day. Generally, people in rural areas (f) __________ (feel) the pressure even more as they earn less. In fact, they (g) __________ (have) fewer opportunities to improve their financial condition. When prices go up, many families (h) __________ (not buy) enough healthy food and this causes malnourishment of the children. Sometimes they cannot help (i) __________ (borrow) money, which (j) __________ (lead) to debt. High prices also (k) __________ (affect) their children’s education. Many a student (l) __________ (drop) out of school as their parents cannot afford to (m) __________ (bear) their educational expenses. But for the true development of our country proper education must be (n) __________ (ensure) at any cost.     5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 5 After telling the story of a sinking ship, the teacher asked the students, “What do you think the drowning woman told to her husband?” According to most of the students the woman said, "Please, save my life.” From the back bench a boy said, “I believe, she would have told take care of our child.” Being surprised the teacher asked him, “Have you heard the story before?” “No, sir. Actually these were also my mom’s last words to my dad before she died from a serious disease.”   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Yesterday a beggar came to our house. He stood at the gate wearing a (a)__________ (pre-modify the noun) dress. He was (b)__________ (pre-modify the adjective) weak and could not speak clearly. He told me that he had been starving for two days and requested me (c)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). I felt pity for the (d)__________ (pre-modify the noun) man. I told him (e)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) and gave him (f)__________ (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) food. He began to eat instantly. He was eating (g)__________ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase). I noticed that the clothes he wore, were not only dirty but also torn. So, I gave him some clothes too. He became extremely happy getting (h)__________ (pre-modify the noun with a demonstrative) clothes. He was (i)__________ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) happy that tears of joy came out of his eyes. He then thanked me and blessed me (j)__________ (use a prepositional phrase).     7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 A journey is always a source of pleasure, (a) __________ a journey by boat is more interesting than any other journey. (b) __________ Bangladesh is a land of rivers, it is very easy to enjoy a journey by boat here. During last autumn, our college was closed. (c) __________, it was a suitable time for me to make a journey by boat. (d) __________ I proposed to some of my friends to join me and they at once accepted my proposal. (e) __________, we made a plan. (f) __________, we hired a boat and started journey at 11 am. We were very fortunate indeed as the boatman was very expert. (g) __________ the weather was calm and quiet. (h) __________, gentle breeze was slightly pushing the sail. (i) __________, we had no trouble during the journey. (j) __________, we had a lot of enjoyment. (k) __________, the boat was dancing on the small waves and it thrilled us a lot. (l) __________, we also enjoyed a ‘Bhatiali’ song sung by the boatman. (m) __________, we were delighted at the sights on either bank of the river. (n) __________, when the sun was setting, the scene enchanted us very much.     8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 The language which is used all over the world for smooth communication is called an international language. The English language has achieved the prestige of being that language. It is very familiar to the educated society in the whole world. We cannot keep pace with the modern world without knowing English. Most of the research works and books on science and knowledge of the world are in English. International relation as well as trade and commerce is being continued through English. Moreover, people having a good command over English are highly valued in the job market. So, one can fully realise how important it is to learn English.   (a) used (antonym); (b) smooth (antonym); (c) international (antonym); (d) prestige (synonym); (e) familiar (antonym); (f) educated (synonym); (g) modern (antonym); (h) knowledge (antonym); (i) trade (synonym); (j) continue (antonym); (k) whole (synonym); (l) highly (synonym); (m) realise (synonym); (n) important (synonym).     9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Rifah : Hello. Maria! Why are you looking so sad Maria : The news of the death of all members of a family made me sad. Rifah : How pathetic Really its very sad that theres not a single day you 11 find without news of road accident. Maria : Can you tell me the reasons of so many road accidents Rifah : Reckless driving violation of traffic signals overloaded vehicles and lack of traffic police arc the main causes of road accident I think Maria : What can be done to reduce road accident Do you have any idea Rifah : Drivers should be given proper training. Unfit and unlicensed vehicles should be banned. Besides people should be made aware of traffic rules and signals. Maria : Thank you for the discussion. Rifah : Youre welcome.     Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose, you are a student of class XII. You along with other students are planning about holding a cricket match between class XI and XII. Now, on behalf of the students, write an application to the Principal of your college for seeking permission to arrange a friendly cricket match in the college playground. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “The Celebration of Pahela Baishakh in Bangladesh”. (within 200 words) 15   12. Write a paragraph describing “Uses and Abuses of Social Media”. (use 200 words) 15 With Solution: 04 Set ENGLISH Second Paper According to the Syllabus of 2023 Subject Code: 108 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks] Time—3 hours Full marks- 100   Part A—Grammar Marks—60   1. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions: Marks 0.5×10=5 Man is the best creation (a) _______________ Almighty. Actually, he is the most intelligent living being (b)_______________ earth. That is why, man is regarded (c)_______________ a rational animal. But man becomes the worst animal when he is devoid (d)_______________ sense and rationality. Man is endowed (e) _______________ such qualities as are different (f) _______________ other animals. So, to build (g)_______________ civilization and to beautify the earth is possible only (h)_______________ man (i)_______________ his thinking power, hard work and inventions. However, man is also responsible (j) _______________ mass destruction of human civilization.   Answer: (a) of (b) on (c) as (d) of (e) with (f) from (g) up (h) for (i) with (j) for   2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box: 0.5×10=5   there     what does... look like   would rather as soon as     let alone had better what’s ... like     have to   was born   (a) We _______________ hospitalize him soon to save his life. (b) _______________ is only early in the morning when we get fresh air. (c) He _______________ in Bangladesh but he was raised in America. (d) My father is very rigid. He _______________ die than accept my proposal. (e) Kamrul: _______________ the university admission test _______________? Ans: It’s not easy. It’s really hard and competitive. (f) I _______________ take a loan from a bank before starting the business. (g) _______________ is a historical place in our country. (h) Teacher: Learners, _______________ the map of Bangladesh _______________? Students: It looks a bit strange. (i) His mentality is so mean. He doesn't deserve to be my enemy, _______________ my friend. (j) He repaid the loan _______________ he made some profit from the business.   Answer: (a) have to (b) It (c) was born (d) had better (e) What’s...like (f) would rather (g) there (h) what does...look like (i) let alone (j) as soon as   3. Complete the sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: Marks 0.5×10=5 (a) Everyone appreciates Mitu for her intelligence. She is so intelligent that _______________. (b) His only daughter lives in Canada. It is many years since _______________. (c) To tell a lie is a bad habit. The cowboy was used to _______________. (d) Don't waste time. Do hurry lest _______________. (e) I have bought a lottery ticket. If I win the lottery, _______________. (f) There goes a proverb that _______________. So, we must make the proper use of time. (g) It is my dream to establish a hospital for the poor. Had I been a millionaire, _______________. (h) Eve-teasing is a heinous crime. It is high time we _______________. (i) My brother had no job then. He went to Dhaka with a view to _______________. (j) English is an international language. If you do not learn English, _______________.   Answer: (a) she can score the highest in every exam (b) he saw her (c) lying for his personal gain (d) you should regret in the future (e) I will donate the prize money (f) time and tide wait for none (g) I would have established a hospital (h) took proper steps to eradicate this social issue (i) getting a job and earning money (j) you will have a hard time finding a job in an international company   4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5×14=7 In the current social and economic system of Bangladesh, everyone (a) __________ (depend) on his income in order to (b) __________ (meet) the daily needs. However, many people of our country (c) __________ (not earn) enough to live comfortably. People of low income are to (d) __________ (struggle) a lot to buy food, clothes and medicine because prices of everything (e) __________ (rise) high day by day. Generally, people in rural areas (f) __________ (feel) the pressure even more as they earn less. In fact, they (g) __________ (have) fewer opportunities to improve their financial condition. When prices go up, many families (h) __________ (not buy) enough healthy food and this causes malnourishment of the children. Sometimes they cannot help (i) __________ (borrow) money, which (j) __________ (lead) to debt. High prices also (k) __________ (affect) their children’s education. Many a student (l) __________ (drop) out of school as their parents cannot afford to (m) __________ (bear) their educational expenses. But for the true development of our country proper education must be (n) __________ (ensure) at any cost.   Answer: (a) depends (b) meet (c) do not earn (d) struggle (e) are rising (f) feel (g) have (h) can not buy (i) borrowing (j) leads (k) affect (l) drops (m) bear (n) ensured   5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 5 After telling the story of a sinking ship, the teacher asked the students, “What do you think the drowning woman told to her husband?” According to most of the students the woman said, "Please, save my life.” From the back bench a boy said, “I believe, she would have told take care of our child.” Being surprised the teacher asked him, “Have you heard the story before?” “No, sir. Actually these were also my mom’s last words to my dad before she died from a serious disease.”   Answer: After telling the story of a sinking ship, the teacher asked the students what they thought the drowning woman had told her husband. According to most of the students, the woman had requested her husband to save her life. From the back bench, a boy said that he believed she would have told her husband to take care of their child. Being surprised, the teacher asked him if he had heard the story before. The boy replied respectfully in the negative and added that actually those had also been his mom's last words to his dad before she had died from a serious disease.   6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5×10=5 Yesterday a beggar came to our house. He stood at the gate wearing a (a)__________ (pre-modify the noun) dress. He was (b)__________ (pre-modify the adjective) weak and could not speak clearly. He told me that he had been starving for two days and requested me (c)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). I felt pity for the (d)__________ (pre-modify the noun) man. I told him (e)__________ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) and gave him (f)__________ (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) food. He began to eat instantly. He was eating (g)__________ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase). I noticed that the clothes he wore, were not only dirty but also torn. So, I gave him some clothes too. He became extremely happy getting (h)__________ (pre-modify the noun with a demonstrative) clothes. He was (i)__________ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) happy that tears of joy came out of his eyes. He then thanked me and blessed me (j)__________ (use a prepositional phrase).   Answer: (a) dirty/ragged/tattered (b) extremely/very (c) to give him some food (d) helpless/poor (e) to wait outside (f) some (g) with great eagerness (h) those (i) so (j) with a grateful heart.   7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5×14=7 A journey is always a source of pleasure, (a) __________ a journey by boat is more interesting than any other journey. (b) __________ Bangladesh is a land of rivers, it is very easy to enjoy a journey by boat here. During last autumn, our college was closed. (c) __________, it was a suitable time for me to make a journey by boat. (d) __________ I proposed to some of my friends to join me and they at once accepted my proposal. (e) __________, we made a plan. (f) __________, we hired a boat and started journey at 11 am. We were very fortunate indeed as the boatman was very expert. (g) __________ the weather was calm and quiet. (h) __________, gentle breeze was slightly pushing the sail. (i) __________, we had no trouble during the journey. (j) __________, we had a lot of enjoyment. (k) __________, the boat was dancing on the small waves and it thrilled us a lot. (l) __________, we also enjoyed a ‘Bhatiali’ song sung by the boatman. (m) __________, we were delighted at the sights on either bank of the river. (n) __________, when the sun was setting, the scene enchanted us very much.   Answer: (a) In fact/Indeed (b) Since/As (c) So/ That’s why/Therefore (d) Thus/As a result (e) Firstly/At first (f) Then/Secondly/Next (g) At that time (h) In addition/Additionally/Moreover (i) As a result/Therefore/So (j) In fact (k) Besides (l) Additionally/Moreover (m) Meanwhile (n) Finally/At last   8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5×14=7 The language which is used all over the world for smooth communication is called an international language. The English language has achieved the prestige of being that language. It is very familiar to the educated society in the whole world. We cannot keep pace with the modern world without knowing English. Most of the research works and books on science and knowledge of the world are in English. International relation as well as trade and commerce is being continued through English. Moreover, people having a good command over English are highly valued in the job market. So, one can fully realise how important it is to learn English.   (a) used (antonym); (b) smooth (antonym); (c) international (antonym); (d) prestige (synonym); (e) familiar (antonym); (f) educated (synonym); (g) modern (antonym); (h) knowledge (antonym); (i) trade (synonym); (j) continue (antonym); (k) whole (synonym); (l) highly (synonym); (m) realise (synonym); (n) important (synonym).   Answer: (a) unused (b) stiff/rough/uneven (c) local/national (d) status/fame/honor (e) unfamiliar/strange (f) schooled/civilized (g) outdated/ancient (h) ignorance/nescience (i) exchange/business (j) stop/cease (k) entire (l) greatly (m) understand (n) significant   9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5×14=7 Rifah : Hello. Maria! Why are you looking so sad Maria : The news of the death of all members of a family made me sad. Rifah : How pathetic Really its very sad that theres not a single day you 11 find without news of road accident. Maria : Can you tell me the reasons of so many road accidents Rifah : Reckless driving violation of traffic signals overloaded vehicles and lack of traffic police arc the main causes of road accident I think Maria : What can be done to reduce road accident Do you have any idea Rifah : Drivers should be given proper training. Unfit and unlicensed vehicles should be banned. Besides people should be made aware of traffic rules and signals. Maria : Thank you for the discussion. Rifah : Youre welcome.   Answer: Rifah: Hello, Maria! Why are you looking so sad? Maria: The news of the death of all members of a family made me sad. Rifah: How pathetic! Really, it's very sad that there’s not a single day you’ll find without news of road accidents. Maria: Can you tell me the reasons for so many road accidents? Rifah: Reckless driving, violation of traffic signals, overloaded vehicles and lack of traffic police are the main causes of road accidents, I think. Maria: What can be done to reduce road accidents? Do you have any idea? Rifah: Drivers should be given proper training. Unfit and unlicensed vehicles should be banned. Besides, people should be made aware of traffic rules and signals. Maria: Thank you for the discussion. Rifah: You’re welcome.   Part B—Composition Marks—40   10. Suppose, you are a student of class XII. You along with other students are planning about holding a cricket match between class XI and XII. Now, on behalf of the students, write an application to the Principal of your college for seeking permission to arrange a friendly cricket match in the college playground. 10   11. Write a paragraph on “The Celebration of Pahela Baishakh in Bangladesh”. (within 200 words) 15   12. Write a paragraph describing “Uses and Abuses of Social Media”. (use 200 words) 15