Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.                 Man can neither change the sun’s radiation nor the earth’s orbit around the sun. But man can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Only during the last hundred years the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories. These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal. Besides coal, other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, move cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Nowadays, about 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air. Therefore, it is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated worldwide by humans. Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation which means cutting down trees. Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture. This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned down release a large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, an important carbon dioxide storehouse is destroyed with the forests as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         Man can control the effect of the greenhouse gases on -----. (i) the atmosphere    (ii) the moon                (iii) the sun                  (iv) human being b)         Enormous areas of forests are destroyed -----. (i) weekly                (ii) daily                       (iii) yearly                    (iv) monthly c)         At present about ----- barrels of crude oil are used daily. (i) 8.5 million           (ii) 850 lakh                 (iii) 850 million            (iv) 85 lakh d)         Greenhouse gases are being produced all over the world by ----- (i) human beings      (ii) plants                     (iii) animals                 (iv) nature e)         A fossil raw material which is burned releases carbon dioxide into the -----. (i) air                        (ii) soil                         (iii) oil                         (iv) water f)          Industrial activities are giving rise to -----. (i) many factories     (ii) houses                    (iii) buildings               (iv) factories g)         Industrial factories require -----. (i) air                        (ii) fire                         (iii) coal                       (iv) water   Extra Practices h)         The greenhouse effect is strengthened by -----. (i) forestation           (ii) deforestation          (iii) planting trees         (iv) using pesticides i)          Forests are destroyed every year by -----. (i) animals                (ii) people                    (iii) goats and cows      (iv) forest officers j)          Factories produce energy through the combustion of -----. (i) trees                    (ii) plants                     (iii) straw                     (iv) coal   2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What’s the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere? b)         What can a man control? c)         How the greenhouse effect is strengthened? d)         How many barrels of crude oil are used daily nowadays? e)         How do the factories produce energy? Extra Practices 1.         What other purposes are coal and other sources of energy burned in? 2.         By whom are more greenhouse gases generated worldwide? 3.         What is deforestation? 4.         Why do people destroy forests? 5.         Why is the carbon dioxide storehouse destroyed with the forests? Answer: 1.      a. (i) the atmosphere; b. (iii) yearly; c. (ii) 850 lakh; d. (i) human beings; e. (i) air; f. (i) many factories; g. (ii) the air; 2.      a. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. Man can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is strengthened by deforestation. About 85 million barrels of crude oil are used daily nowadays. The factories produce energy through the combustion of coal. Coal and other sources of energy are burned to heat houses, move cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Bangla Translation মানুষ সূর্যের বিকিরণ বা সূর্যের চারপাশে পৃথিবীর কক্ষপথ পরিবর্তন করতে পারে না। কিন্তু মানুষ গ্রিনহাউস গ্যাসের পরিমাণ বৃদ্ধি এবং বায়ুমণ্ডলের উপর এর প্রভাব নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারে না। শুধুমাত্র গত একশ বছরে বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের ঘনত্ব উদ্বেগজনকভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে এবং এর জন্য আমরা মানুষদের দায়ী করা যেতে পারে। বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের মাত্রা বৃদ্ধির প্রধান কারণ হল জীবাশ্ম জ্বালানি পোড়ানো। ঊনবিংশ শতাব্দীর শেষের দিক থেকে, শিল্প কার্যক্রম দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে যার ফলে অনেক কারখানার জন্ম হয়েছে। এই কারখানাগুলিতে শক্তির প্রয়োজন ছিল, যা কয়লা দহনের মাধ্যমে উৎপাদিত হত। কয়লা ছাড়াও, খনিজ তেল এবং প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাসের মতো শক্তির অন্যান্য উৎসও আমাদের ঘরবাড়ি গরম করার জন্য, গাড়ি এবং বিমান চলাচলের জন্য বা বিদ্যুৎ উৎপাদনের জন্য পোড়ানো হত। আজকাল, প্রতিদিন প্রায় 85 মিলিয়ন ব্যারেল অপরিশোধিত তেল পোড়ানো হয়। প্রতিবার জীবাশ্মের কাঁচামাল পোড়ানোর সময়, এটি বাতাসে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড নির্গত করে। অতএব, এটা স্পষ্ট যে মানুষ বিশ্বব্যাপী কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের মতো আরও বেশি গ্রিনহাউস গ্যাস তৈরি করছে। তাছাড়া, আমরা বন উজাড় করে গ্রিনহাউস প্রভাবকেও শক্তিশালী করছি যার অর্থ গাছ কেটে ফেলা। প্রতি বছর মানুষ কাঠ সংগ্রহ, খনির জন্য এলাকা পরিষ্কার এবং চারণভূমি তৈরির জন্য বিশাল বনভূমি ধ্বংস করে। বনের এই ক্ষতি দ্বৈত সমস্যার সৃষ্টি করে। যেসব গাছ পুড়িয়ে ফেলা হয়, সেগুলো বাতাসে প্রচুর পরিমাণে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড গ্যাস নির্গত করে। অন্যদিকে, বনের সাথে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভাণ্ডার ধ্বংস হয়ে যায় কারণ বন বাতাস থেকে প্রচুর কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড শোষণ করে এবং পরিবর্তে অক্সিজেন সরবরাহ করে। Ad Ad

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.                 Bangladesh is now apparently in the grip of all sorts of pollution like air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. The dwellers of the urban areas are the worst sufferers of such pollution. The indiscriminate industrialisation process in Bangladesh over the past decades has created significant environmental problems. We will now know about some of the most common types of environmental pollutions and ways of coping with them. Air pollution Air pollution comes from a wide variety of sources. In Bangladesh poisonous exhaust from industrial plants, brick kilns, old or poorly-serviced vehicles and dust from roads and construction sites are some of the major sources of air pollution. We can reduce this type of pollution by making less use of motor vehicles and avoiding the use of vehicles older than 20 years. We may also use proper lubricants to lessen the level of emission and pollutants. We can encourage people to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) for fuelling their cars. The government may relocate hazardous industries like brick kilns to areas away from human habitations. Water pollution Water pollution can occur in oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds and underground reservoirs. As different water sources flow together, the pollution can spread easily and quickly. Causes of water pollution include: •           increased sediment from soil •           erosion •           improper waste disposal and littering •           leakage of soil pollution into water supplies •           organic materials that decay in water supplies etc. In fact, polluting the land means polluting the water. Throwing away a toxic substance on the ground near a water space means it eventually reaches a body of water. As a result, the water is polluted. Industrial wastes must not be disposed in rivers or lakes. We need to be more careful about disposing household wastes too. Use of pesticides means that when it rains on the lawn or garden, chemicals wash into the water bodies.            Therefore, we must be aware of the dangers of using pesticides as they may pollute our rivers, canals and lakes. Soil pollution Among the most significant causes of soil pollution is the enormous volume of industrial waste which is being produced every day but not disposed properly.      Themismanagement of household wastes, particularly the polythene shopping bags, has caused serious threat to the soil, and the drainage system. Another cause for soil pollution is the use of agricultural pesticides, fertilizers etc. Sometimes fuel leakages from automobiles may get washed away by rain and seep into the nearby soil. Pesticides and fertilizers are useful for plant growth but their overuse has led to soil pollution. Natural fertilizers and compost can be used instead of their chemical alternatives. Recycling is another way to reduce and control soil pollution. Recycling papers, plastics and other materials reduces the volume of refuse in landfills. De-forestation also causes erosion, pollution and the loss of fertility in the topsoil. Planting trees and re-forestation help prevent soil erosion and pollution. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         The indiscriminate industrialization process has created — problem. (i) social                   (ii) familial                  (iii) mental                   (iv) environmental b)         We should be aware of the dangers of using —. (i) insecticide           (ii) genocide                (iii) suicide                  (iv) pesticide c)         There is a reference to — kinds of pollution in the text. (i) one                      (ii) two                         (iii) three                      (iv) none of the above d)         Air pollution can be reduced by avoiding the use of vehicles older than — years. (i) twenty five          (ii) twenty                    (iii) twelve                   (iv) twenty two e)         Recycling is one of the ways to reduce and control — pollution. (i) air                        (ii) sound                     (iii) water                     (iv) soil f)          People can be encouraged to use — for fuelling. (i) CNG                    (ii) LPG                       (iii) CNG or LPG         (iv) Rickshaw or Van g)         Brick kilns should be in areas away from — habitations. (i) animal                 (ii) human                    (iii) plants                    (iv) birds Extra Practices h)         — pollution can occur in oceans. (i) Air                       (ii) Water                     (iii) Sail                        (iv) Sound i)          Re-forestation help prevent — pollution. (i) soil                      (ii) waters                    (iii) sound                    (iv) water and sound j)          Pesticides and fertilizers contribute to soil and water pollution —. (i) to a great extent   (ii) is no way                (iii) one after another   (iv) previously k)         We should be aware of the dangers of using — (i)     insecticide        (ii)    gerocide               (iii)   suicide                 (iv)   pesticide l)          The indiscriminate industrialisation process has created —— problem. (i)     social               (ii)    mental                  (iii)   national                (iv)   environmental m)        The — of the urban areas are the worst sufferers of environmental pollution. (i)     poor                 (ii)    rich                      (iii)   general people     (iv)   own dwellers n)         Recycling is one of the ways to reduce and  control —— pollution. (i)     air                    (ii)    soil                       (iii)   water                    (iv)   sound o)         Air pollution can be reduced by avoiding the use of vehiches older than —— years (i)     twelve              (ii)    twenty two           (iii)   twenty                  (iv)   twenty five p)         How is pollution? (i)     bad                  (ii)    good                    (iii)   better                   (iv)   best q)         q      What does it do to us? (i)     uses                 (ii)    harms                   (iii)   makes                  (iv)   gives 2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What are the causes of water pollution? b)         What can we inspire people to use? c)         What are the major sources of air pollution? d)         What is the most significant cause of soil pollution? e)         What help prevent soil erosion and pollution?   Extra Practices 1.         Who are the sufferers of all sorts of pollution? 2.         Where can water pollution occur? 3.         What should we do with waste materials? 4.         What does deforestation cause? 5.         What do the polythene shopping bags cause? Answer: 1.      a. (iv) environmental; b. (iv) pesticide; c. (iii) three; d. (ii) twenty; e. (iv) soil; f. (iii) CNG or LPG; g. (ii) human; 2.      a. The causes of water pollution are erosion, increased sediment from soil, improper waste disposal and littering, leakage of soil pollution into water supplies, organic materials that decay in water supplies. We can inspire people to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or liquid petroleum gas. The major sources of air pollution are industrial plants, brick kilns, old or poorly serviced vehicles, dust from roads and construction sites. The most significant cause of soil pollution is the enormous volume of industrial waste which is being produced everyday but not disposed properly. Planting trees and re-forestation help prevent soil erosion and pollution. Bangla Translation বাংলাদেশ এখন বায়ু দূষণ, মাটি দূষণ এবং জল দূষণের মতো সকল ধরণের দূষণের কবলে। শহরাঞ্চলের বাসিন্দারা এই দূষণের সবচেয়ে বেশি শিকার। গত কয়েক দশক ধরে বাংলাদেশে নির্বিচারে শিল্পায়ন প্রক্রিয়া উল্লেখযোগ্য পরিবেশগত সমস্যা তৈরি করেছে। আমরা এখন কিছু সাধারণ ধরণের পরিবেশ দূষণ এবং সেগুলি মোকাবেলার উপায় সম্পর্কে জানব। বায়ু দূষণ বায়ু দূষণ বিভিন্ন উৎস থেকে আসে। বাংলাদেশে শিল্প কারখানা, ইটভাটা, পুরানো বা খারাপভাবে পরিষেবা দেওয়া যানবাহন থেকে নির্গত বিষাক্ত নির্গমন এবং রাস্তাঘাট এবং নির্মাণ স্থানের ধুলো বায়ু দূষণের কিছু প্রধান উৎস। আমরা মোটর গাড়ির ব্যবহার কমিয়ে এবং ২০ বছরেরও বেশি পুরানো যানবাহন ব্যবহার এড়িয়ে এই ধরণের দূষণ কমাতে পারি। নির্গমন এবং দূষণের মাত্রা কমাতে আমরা সঠিক লুব্রিকেন্টও ব্যবহার করতে পারি। আমরা গাড়ির জ্বালানি হিসেবে সংকুচিত প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাস (সিএনজি) বা তরল পেট্রোলিয়াম গ্যাস (এলপিজি) ব্যবহার করতে মানুষকে উৎসাহিত করতে পারি। সরকার ইটভাটার মতো বিপজ্জনক শিল্পগুলিকে মানুষের বসতি থেকে দূরে এলাকায় স্থানান্তর করতে পারে। পানি দূষণ সমুদ্র, নদী, হ্রদ, পুকুর এবং ভূগর্ভস্থ জলাধারে জল দূষণ ঘটতে পারে। বিভিন্ন জলের উৎস একসাথে প্রবাহিত হওয়ায়, দূষণ সহজেই এবং দ্রুত ছড়িয়ে পড়তে পারে। পানি দূষণের কারণগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে: • মাটি থেকে পলি বৃদ্ধি • ক্ষয় • অনুপযুক্ত বর্জ্য নিষ্কাশন এবং আবর্জনা • পানি সরবরাহে মাটি দূষণের ফুটো • পানি সরবরাহে পচনশীল জৈব পদার্থ ইত্যাদি। আসলে, জমি দূষণ করার অর্থ জল দূষণ করা। জলের কাছাকাছি মাটিতে কোনও বিষাক্ত পদার্থ ফেলে দেওয়ার অর্থ হল এটি অবশেষে জলাশয়ে পৌঁছে যায়। ফলস্বরূপ, জল দূষিত হয়। শিল্প বর্জ্য নদী বা হ্রদে ফেলা উচিত নয়। গৃহস্থালির বর্জ্য নিষ্কাশনের ক্ষেত্রেও আমাদের আরও সতর্ক থাকতে হবে। কীটনাশক ব্যবহারের অর্থ হল যখন লন বা বাগানে বৃষ্টি হয়, তখন রাসায়নিক জলাশয়ে ভেসে যায়।অতএব, কীটনাশক ব্যবহারের বিপদ সম্পর্কে আমাদের সচেতন থাকতে হবে কারণ এগুলি আমাদের নদী, খাল এবং হ্রদকে দূষিত করতে পারে। মাটি দূষণ মাটি দূষণের সবচেয়ে উল্লেখযোগ্য কারণগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে প্রচুর পরিমাণে শিল্প বর্জ্য যা প্রতিদিন উৎপাদিত হচ্ছে কিন্তু সঠিকভাবে নিষ্কাশন করা হচ্ছে না। গৃহস্থালির বর্জ্য, বিশেষ করে পলিথিন শপিং ব্যাগের অব্যবস্থাপনা, মাটি এবং নিষ্কাশন ব্যবস্থার জন্য মারাত্মক হুমকির কারণ হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে। মাটি দূষণের আরেকটি কারণ হল কৃষি কীটনাশক, সার ইত্যাদির ব্যবহার। কখনও কখনও অটোমোবাইল থেকে জ্বালানি লিকেজ বৃষ্টির সাথে ধুয়ে কাছাকাছি মাটিতে মিশে যেতে পারে। কীটনাশক এবং সার উদ্ভিদের বৃদ্ধির জন্য উপযোগী কিন্তু তাদের অতিরিক্ত ব্যবহারের ফলে মাটি দূষণ হয়। রাসায়নিক বিকল্পের পরিবর্তে প্রাকৃতিক সার এবং কম্পোস্ট ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে। পুনর্ব্যবহার মাটি দূষণ কমাতে এবং নিয়ন্ত্রণ করার আরেকটি উপায়। কাগজপত্র, প্লাস্টিক এবং অন্যান্য উপকরণ পুনর্ব্যবহার করলে ল্যান্ডফিলে আবর্জনার পরিমাণ কমে যায়। বন উজাড়ের ফলে ক্ষয়, দূষণ এবং মাটির উপরের স্তরের উর্বরতা হ্রাস পায়। গাছ লাগানো এবং পুনঃবনায়ন মাটির ক্ষয় এবং দূষণ রোধ করতে সাহায্য করে। Ad Ad

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.            “Today there are many jobs where you need English. This is because the world has become smaller. Vast distances are shortened by speedy transport. We can talk to a person thousands of kilometres away on the phone or the Internet. So we can communicate with the whole world easily. English has made this communication easier. There are many countries in the world with many languages, but to communicate with them, you cannot speak all the languages. So you need a common language that you can use with more or less all the people in the world. English is that common language. You can talk to a Chinese toy maker, a French artist, an Arab ambassador or a Korean builder in one language —English. English for us in Bangladesh is all the more important. As we have seen earlier, we are too many people in a small country. So if you learn English, you have the best opportunity to find a good job, both within and outside the country. And that is good news for millions of our unemployed youths.” “But Miss, we learn English for 12 or 14 years, yet we do not find good jobs, “ says Rumi. She then tells the class about what happened to her brother. “Could you please tell us why?” Rumi asks. “This is a very important question, Rumi. We should learn how to use English both orally and in writing for doing things as needed in our work, such as communicating with others at personal, social, national and international levels. But unfortunately, at the moment we are learning English mainly for our exams,” continues Miss Choudhury. “Remember, English can greatly help you become skilled workforce.” “But where and how can we learn this kind of English, Miss?” asks Ratan. Ms Choudhury says, “We can learn this communicative English both in and outside the classroom. Side by side with your textbook, the radio, television, newspapers, magazines, computers and other supplementary materials will greatly help you. And during our classroom activities, we’ll see how we can learn this English.” 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         We should learn English at present mainly to ―. (i) jobs                     (ii) communicate         (iii) status                     (iv) need b)         We can learn communicative -----. (i) from school alone                                    (ii) only from radio (iii) from money sources                              (iv) get a beautiful building c)         You have the best opportunity to ----- if you learn English. (i) find a good job    (ii) buy a computer      (iii) do a good result     (iv) get a beautiful building d)         You can get a good job by learning English and it is good news for millions of our ----- youths. (i) employed            (ii) educated                (iii) uneducated           (iv) unemployed e)         Rumi tells the ----- about what happened to her brother Raihan. (i) driver                  (ii) Headteacher           (iii) classteacher           (iv) students f)          There are lot of jobs where ----- is essential. (i) Bangla                 (ii) English                   (iii) Arabic                   (iv) Maths g)         We need a ----- to communicate with the world. (i) common language(ii) English                  (iii) transport                (iv) speedy transport   Extra Practices h)         Rumi was telling about her ----- story. (i) father’s                (ii) mother’s                 (iii) sister’s                   (iv) brother’s i)          Rumi opines that we spend at least ----- years for learning English. (i) 14 -16                 (ii)16 -18                     (iii) 12 -14                   (iv) 18 -20 j)          English can help us become -----. (i) doctor                  (ii) pilot                       (iii) English Teacher    (iv) skilled workforce k)         By learing English you have the best opportunity to find a good job and that is  good news for millions of our ——. (i)     employed guys                                     (ii)    educated youths (iii)   unemployed youths                             (iv)   uneducated guys l)          At present we are learning English mainly for our ——. (i)     jobs                  (ii)    examinations       (iii)   status                   (iv)   need m)        We can learn communicative English both in and outside the ——. (i)     bathroom         (ii)    show room           (iii)   classroom            (iv)   bedroom n)         If you learn English, you have the best opportunity to ——. (i)     find a good job                                     (ii)    buy a car (iii)   get a beautiful house                             (iv)   do a good result o)         Rumi tells —— about what happened to her brother Raihan.              (i)     the Headteacher                                   (ii)    the class teacher (iii)   the class                                               (iv)   the students p)         What is the common language in the world? a.         (i)     Bangla             (ii)    Arabic                  (iii)   English                 (iv)   Chinese q)         What is good news for millions of our unemployed youths? r)          (i)     to find a good job     (ii)                        to take a good business s)         (iii)   talking with any one (iv)                       to tour any other country   2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         Why should we learn a common language? b)         Where can we learn communicative English? c)         What things can help us learn English? d)         What are we learning English at the moment for? e)         How are vast distances shortened?   Extra Practices 1.         How is it possible to talk to a person thousands of kilometers away? 2.         How long do we spend to learn English? 3.         What will we see during our classroom activities? 4.         What has made the communicative easier? 5.         What opportunity can you get by learning English? Answer: 1.      a. (ii) communicate; b. (iii) from money sources; c. (i) find a good job; d. (iv) unemployed; e. (i) students; f. (ii) English; g. (i) common language; 2.      a. We should learn a common language as it is impossible for us to speak all the languages of the world. b. We can learn communicative English both in and outside the classroom. c. The text-book, the radio, television, newspapers, computers, magazines and other supplementary materials can greatly help us learn English. d. We are learning English at the moment mainly for our exams. e. Vast distances are shortened by speedy transport. Bangla Translation “আজকাল এমন অনেক চাকরি আছে যেখানে ইংরেজির প্রয়োজন। কারণ পৃথিবী ছোট হয়ে গেছে। দ্রুত পরিবহনের মাধ্যমে বিশাল দূরত্ব কমিয়ে আনা যায়। আমরা হাজার হাজার কিলোমিটার দূরের মানুষের সাথে ফোন বা ইন্টারনেটে কথা বলতে পারি। তাই আমরা পুরো বিশ্বের সাথে সহজেই যোগাযোগ করতে পারি। ইংরেজি এই যোগাযোগকে আরও সহজ করে তুলেছে। বিশ্বে অনেক দেশ আছে যাদের অনেক ভাষা আছে, কিন্তু তাদের সাথে যোগাযোগ করার জন্য, আপনি সব ভাষা বলতে পারবেন না। তাই আপনার একটি সাধারণ ভাষা প্রয়োজন যা আপনি বিশ্বের কমবেশি সকল মানুষের সাথে ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। ইংরেজি হল সেই সাধারণ ভাষা। আপনি একজন চীনা খেলনা প্রস্তুতকারক, একজন ফরাসি শিল্পী, একজন আরব রাষ্ট্রদূত অথবা একজন কোরিয়ান নির্মাতার সাথে একই ভাষায় কথা বলতে পারেন — ইংরেজি। বাংলাদেশে আমাদের জন্য ইংরেজি আরও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। যেমনটি আমরা আগে দেখেছি, আমরা একটি ছোট দেশে অনেক বেশি লোক। তাই আপনি যদি ইংরেজি শিখেন, তাহলে দেশের ভেতরে এবং বাইরে ভালো চাকরি খুঁজে পাওয়ার সেরা সুযোগ পাবেন। এবং এটি আমাদের লক্ষ লক্ষ বেকার যুবকের জন্য সুখবর।” “কিন্তু মিস, আমরা ১২-১৪ বছর ধরে ইংরেজি শিখি, তবুও আমরা ভালো চাকরি পাই না,” রুমি বলে। তারপর সে ক্লাসে তার ভাইয়ের সাথে কী ঘটেছিল তা বলে। “আপনি কি দয়া করে আমাদের বলতে পারেন কেন?” রুমি জিজ্ঞাসা করে। “এটা খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন, রুমি। আমাদের শেখা উচিত কীভাবে মৌখিকভাবে এবং লিখিতভাবে ইংরেজি ব্যবহার করতে হয় আমাদের কাজে, যেমন ব্যক্তিগত, সামাজিক, জাতীয় এবং আন্তর্জাতিক পর্যায়ে অন্যদের সাথে যোগাযোগ করার জন্য। কিন্তু দুর্ভাগ্যবশত, এই মুহূর্তে আমরা মূলত আমাদের পরীক্ষার জন্য ইংরেজি শিখছি,” মিস চৌধুরী আরও বলেন। “মনে রাখবেন, ইংরেজি আপনাকে দক্ষ কর্মী হিসেবে গড়ে তুলতে সাহায্য করতে পারে।” “কিন্তু কোথায় এবং কীভাবে আমরা এই ধরণের ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি, মিস?” রতন জিজ্ঞাসা করেন। মিস চৌধুরী বলেন, “আমরা ক্লাসরুমের ভেতরে এবং বাইরে এই যোগাযোগমূলক ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি। আপনার পাঠ্যপুস্তকের পাশাপাশি, রেডিও, টেলিভিশন, সংবাদপত্র, ম্যাগাজিন, কম্পিউটার এবং অন্যান্য পরিপূরক উপকরণ আপনাকে অনেক সাহায্য করবে। এবং আমাদের শ্রেণীকক্ষের কার্যকলাপের সময়, আমরা দেখব কিভাবে আমরা এই ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি।” Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test (Marks-50) Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.            In the next class Ms Choudhury tells her students the story of Lipi. In brief the story is like this: The year before last, Lipi, a 14-year old girl, had been in class 9 in a rural school in Rangpur. Lipi is the eldest of five children—three daughters and two sons. Their father is a day labourer working on other people’s land and mother is a homemaker and a part-time worker at other people’s houses. The parents, particularly the mother, found it real difficult to raise five children on the small income the father could earn. Perhaps that is why Lipi’s father wanted to marry her off. But Lipi was not ready to accept what her parents wanted to impose on her. She wanted to pursue her education. So long her mother stood by her, though secretly. But when her father arranged her marriage with Tara Mia, the only son of a farmer in the same village, she became a little upset. Tara Mia was a widower—illiterate, but well off. His father had a few acres of arable land and was influential in the village. The marriage seemed to be inevitable. Lipi first talked with her classmates and then with the Headteacher, who was very sympathetic to her. He called a meeting of the teachers and students of the school. Also the school managing committee members, some respectable persons of the village, Lipi’s and Tara Mia’s fathers attended the meeting. The Headteacher explained in detail the serious consequences that would follow Lipi’s marriage. She would be having children from her very early age — 15 or 16. It would create constant health hazards to her. Her education would stop. And on top of all, her marriage against her will might shatter her future dream. At one stage, Tara Mia’s father stood up and tried to argue, “You are all making mistakes. Lipi would be very happy if she got married with Tara Mia. She would have everything—money, clothes, home and status in the society. Why are you trying to deprive her of this opportunity?” But no, the big majority, who attended the meeting, supported the Headteacher. Lipi’s marriage was called off. She is now studying at Carmichael College, Rangpur. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         Lipi and his sisters are ----- in number. (i) three                    (ii) four                        (iii) five                       (iv) six b)         Lipi wanted to pursue her education. Here ‘pursue’ means -----. (i) discontinue          (ii) stop                        (iii) cut off                   (iv) prosecute c)         Her father arranged her marriage with the son of a -----. (i) teacher                (ii) farmer                    (iii) driver                    (iv) fisherman d)         Tara Mia was a widower. Here widower means a man -----. (i) who has recently married                         (ii) whose wife had died and married again (iii) who has two wives                                (iv) whose wife has died and not married again e)         Father of Lipi is was a -----. (i) day labourer        (ii) shopkeeper            (iii) photographer         (iv) painter f)          The story of Lipi is told by -----. (i) Tara Mia              (ii) Father of Lipi         (iii) Headteacher          (iv) Ms Choudhury g)         Lipi’s mother was ----- to marry Lipi off. (i) willing                 (ii) unwilling                (iii) happy                    (iv) crazy Extra Practices h)         Tara Mia is a great bride because -----. (i) he is a widower   (ii) he is rich                (iii) he is illiterate         (iv) he is a good farmer i)          Lipi’s mother had to work ----- to maintain her family. (i) outside of her house                                (ii) inside of her house (iii) in the local market                                 (iv) in the school j)          Lipi’s ----- wanted to marry her off. (i) mother                 (ii) father                     (iii) father and mother  (iv) headteacher 2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         Who was Tara Mia? b)         What is Lipi’s father? c)         Who played role to stop Lipi’s marriage? d)         Why was not Lipi ready to marry? e)         How many brothers and sisters does Lipi have?   Extra Practices 1.         What is Lipi’s mother? 2.         What was Tara Mia’s father? 3.         How old was Lipi the year before last? 4.         Where would she read? 5.         Who arranged her Marriage with Tara Mia? Answer: 1.      a. (i) three; b. (iv) prosecute; c. (ii) farmer; d. (iv) whose wife has died and not married again; e. (i) day labourer; f. (iv) Ms Choudhury; g. (ii) unwilling; 2.      a. Tara Mia was the only son of a farmer. He was a widower and illiterate but well off. b. Lipi’s father is a day labourer. c. Lipi’s Headteacher played role to stop her marriage. d. Lipi was not ready to marry as she wanted to pursue her studies. e. Lipi has two brothers and two sisters. Bangla Translation পরের ক্লাসে মিস চৌধুরী তার ছাত্রদের লিপির গল্প বলেন। সংক্ষেপে গল্পটি এরকম: গত বছর, ১৪ বছর বয়সী লিপি রংপুরের একটি গ্রামীণ স্কুলে নবম শ্রেণীতে পড়ে। পাঁচ সন্তানের মধ্যে লিপি সবার বড় - তিন মেয়ে এবং দুই ছেলে। তাদের বাবা একজন দিনমজুর, অন্যের জমিতে কাজ করেন এবং মা একজন গৃহিণী এবং অন্যের বাড়িতে খণ্ডকালীন কর্মী। বাবা-মা, বিশেষ করে মা, বাবার সামান্য আয়ে পাঁচ সন্তানকে লালন-পালন করা সত্যিই কঠিন বলে মনে করেছিলেন। সম্ভবত সেই কারণেই লিপির বাবা তাকে বিয়ে দিতে চেয়েছিলেন। কিন্তু লিপি তার উপর যা চাপিয়ে দিতে চেয়েছিলেন তা মেনে নিতে প্রস্তুত ছিলেন না। তিনি তার পড়াশোনা চালিয়ে যেতে চেয়েছিলেন। এতক্ষণ তার মা গোপনে তার পাশে ছিলেন। কিন্তু যখন তার বাবা একই গ্রামের কৃষকের একমাত্র ছেলে তারা মিয়ার সাথে তার বিয়ে ঠিক করেন, তখন তিনি কিছুটা বিরক্ত হয়ে পড়েন। তারা মিয়া একজন বিধবা ছিলেন - নিরক্ষর, কিন্তু সচ্ছল। তার বাবার কয়েক একর আবাদি জমি ছিল এবং গ্রামে প্রভাবশালী ছিলেন। বিয়েটা অনিবার্য বলে মনে হচ্ছিল। লিপি প্রথমে তার সহপাঠীদের সাথে কথা বলেন এবং তারপর প্রধান শিক্ষকের সাথে, যিনি তার প্রতি খুবই সহানুভূতিশীল ছিলেন। তিনি স্কুলের শিক্ষক ও ছাত্রদের একটি সভা ডাকেন। এছাড়াও স্কুল পরিচালনা কমিটির সদস্য, গ্রামের কিছু সম্মানিত ব্যক্তি, লিপি এবং তারা মিয়ার বাবা সভায় উপস্থিত ছিলেন। প্রধান শিক্ষক লিপির বিয়ের পর কী কী গুরুতর পরিণতি হতে পারে তা বিস্তারিতভাবে ব্যাখ্যা করেন। তার খুব ছোটবেলা থেকেই সন্তান হবে - ১৫ বা ১৬ বছর। এতে তার স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য ক্রমাগত ঝুঁকি তৈরি হবে। তার পড়াশোনা বন্ধ হয়ে যাবে। এবং সর্বোপরি, তার ইচ্ছার বিরুদ্ধে বিয়ে তার ভবিষ্যতের স্বপ্ন ভেঙে দিতে পারে। এক পর্যায়ে, তারা মিয়ার বাবা দাঁড়িয়ে যুক্তি দেওয়ার চেষ্টা করেন, "তোমরা সবাই ভুল করছো। তারা মিয়ার সাথে বিয়ে করলে লিপি খুব খুশি হবে। তার সবকিছুই থাকবে - টাকা, পোশাক, বাড়ি এবং সমাজে মর্যাদা। কেন তুমি তাকে এই সুযোগ থেকে বঞ্চিত করার চেষ্টা করছো?" কিন্তু না, সভায় উপস্থিত অধিকাংশই প্রধান শিক্ষককে সমর্থন করেছিলেন। লিপির বিয়ে বাতিল করা হয়েছিল। সে এখন রংপুরের কারমাইকেল কলেজে পড়ছে। Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test (Marks-50) Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.            The class comes up with different problems. One group leader says, “The scarcity of food will be a serious problem. It is true that our agriculturists have developed new varieties of rice and its per acre production has definitely increased. But the rate of increase in food production cannot keep pace with the rate of population growth. This is because our land is fixed, i.e. we cannot increase it, while our population is increasing rapidly.” Another group leader comes up with the housing problem in the country, which he says adds much to the food problem. He continues, “Families are growing larger in size and breaking into smaller families. Each such family needs a separate house to live in. Also the arable fields are being divided by these smaller families among themselves. Mills and factories are being set up, which occupy a considerable portion of our land. So when we need more land to grow more food to feed more mouths, our land is shrinking day by day. If our population grows at the present rate, a day will come when many people will not find any land to build a house on. And, as a result, many of them might live on trees or on the floating boats in the rivers.” “No way,” another student argues. “Trees are being cut, hills are being cleared and water bodies are being filled up — all to meet the needs of too many people.” “Thank you students,” Ms Choudhury says, “You’re quite right. Let me tell you about this village where I was born and brought up.  Things were not like this in the past. I remember as a child, the village was so beautiful! The green paddy fields and yellow mustard fields seemed to be unending. They used to wave and dance in the breeze. There used to be a wood in the northern side of the village. There was a tall tamarind tree in the middle of the wood. Also a big banyan tree looked like a huge green umbrella, with its aerial roots hanging down. I often used to go there with my age-mates. We would often have picnic there. While the boys would climb the tamarind tree and pick some tamarinds, me and my best friend Rima used to swing with the roots. But now, look, the wood is gone. The beauty of the crop fields is spoiled by the unplanned houses built here and there.” 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         The green paddy fields and yellow mustard fields would −in the breeze. (i) play                     (ii) sing                        (iii) laugh                     (iv) shake themselves b)         In the wood, there was a − tree. (i) tall tamarind        (ii) tamarind                 (iii) coconut                 (iv) mango c)         Ms Choudhury often used to go there with −. (i) his ago- mates     (ii) her age- mates        (iii) his friends             (iv) friends d)         Rima was − friend to Ms Choudhury. (i) more dear            (ii) the most dear          (iii) very dear               (iv) dear e)         Ms Choudhury was horn and brought up in a −. (i) village                 (ii) town                       (iii) slum                      (iv) city f)          The rate of increase in food production cannot keep pace with the rate of population growth. The sentence means that the food production is -----. (i) as much as needed                                  (ii) less than what is needed (iii) more than what is needed                      (iv) sufficient for the population g)         Many people may have to live on trees, because -----. (i) they would like tree houses                     (ii) making houses on trees is less expensive (iii) they may not find land to make houses  (iv) tree houses are safer during floods Extra Practices h)         People cut trees to -----. (i) plant more trees                                       (ii) keep the environment clean (iii) make articles of furniture                      (iv) grow crops or make houses i)          Our land is shrink day by day because -----. (i) families are growing larger in size. (ii) houses and factories are being built on it. (iii) smaller families need smaller houses. (iv) land grabbers are occupying a portion of our land. j)          How can our housing problem increase or add to our food problem? (i) After making houses farmers do not have enough time to work in the field. (ii) After making houses, farmers do not have enough money to buy food. (iii) If you do not have a house, you cannot store your food. (iv) For making too many houses, people are using the crop land. k)         The rate of increase in food production cannot keep pace with the rate of population growth. The sentence means that the food production -----. (i)     is as much as needed                            (ii)    is less than what is needed (iii)   is more than what is needed                 (iv)   is sufficient for the population l)          How can our housing problem increase or add to our food problem?                 (i)     After making houses, farmers do not have enough time to work in the field. (ii)    After making houses, farmers do not have money to buy food. (iii)   If you do not have a house, you cannot store your food. (iv)   For making too many houses, people are using the crop land. m)        What makes our land shrink day by day?                 (i)     Families are growing larger in size       (ii)    Houses and factories are being built on it (iii)   Smaller families need smaller house    (iv)   Land grabbers are occupying a portion of our land n)         Many people have to live on trees, because——. (i)     They would like free houses                (ii)    making houses on trees is less expensive (iii)   They may not find land to make houses. (iv) Trees and houses are safer during floods o)         People are cutting trees to——. (i)     grow crops or make houses                  (ii)    plant more trees (iii)   keep the environment clean                  (iv)   make articles of furniture p)         What will be a serious problem?                 (i)     housing            (ii)    clothing                (iii)   treatment              (iv)   scarcity of food q)         Who have developed new varieties of rice and its production?                 (i)     the cultivators  (ii)    the peasants         (iii)   the scientists        (iv)   the agriculturists 2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 1.         What will happen when people find no land to build a house on? 2.         Why cannot the rate of increase in food production keep pace with the rate of population growth? 3.         What will happen if our population grows at the present rate? 4.         What makes our land shrink day by day? 5.         Why is the beauty of the crop fields spoiled? 6.         What does the other group leader come up with? 7.         Why are water bodies being filled up? 8.         Where was a tall tamarind tree? 9.         What did the boys do? 10.       What are being divided? Answer: 1.      a. (iv) shake themselves; b. (i) tall tamarind; c. (ii) her age-mates; d. (ii) the most dear; e. (i) village; f. (ii) less than what is needed; g. (iii) they may not find land to make houses; 2.      a. When people find no land to build a house on many people will live on trees and on the floating boats in the rivers. b. The reason is that our land is fixed while our population is increasing rapidly. c. If our population grows at the present rate, a day will come when many people will find no land to build a house on. d. Houses and factories are being built and it makes our land shrink day by day. e. The beauty of the crop fields is spoiled by the unplanned houses built here and there. The other group leader comes up with the housing problems in the country. Bangla Translation এই শ্রেণী বিভিন্ন সমস্যা নিয়ে আসে। একজন দলের নেতা বলেন, “খাদ্যের অভাব একটি গুরুতর সমস্যা হবে। এটা ঠিক যে আমাদের কৃষকরা ধানের নতুন জাতের উদ্ভাবন করেছেন এবং প্রতি একরে এর উৎপাদন অবশ্যই বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে। কিন্তু খাদ্য উৎপাদন বৃদ্ধির হার জনসংখ্যা বৃদ্ধির হারের সাথে তাল মিলিয়ে চলতে পারে না। এর কারণ হল আমাদের জমি স্থির, অর্থাৎ আমরা তা বাড়াতে পারছি না, অন্যদিকে আমাদের জনসংখ্যা দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি পাচ্ছে।” আরেকজন দলের নেতা দেশে আবাসন সমস্যা নিয়ে কথা বলেন, যা খাদ্য সমস্যাকে আরও বাড়িয়ে তোলে। তিনি আরও বলেন, “পরিবারগুলি আকারে বড় হচ্ছে এবং ছোট ছোট পরিবারে ভেঙে যাচ্ছে। এই ধরণের প্রতিটি পরিবারের বসবাসের জন্য আলাদা ঘর প্রয়োজন। এছাড়াও এই ছোট পরিবারগুলি নিজেদের মধ্যে আবাদযোগ্য ক্ষেত ভাগ করে নিচ্ছে। কল এবং কারখানা স্থাপন করা হচ্ছে, যা আমাদের জমির একটি উল্লেখযোগ্য অংশ দখল করে আছে। তাই যখন আরও বেশি মানুষের খাবারের জন্য আরও বেশি জমির প্রয়োজন হয়, তখন আমাদের জমি দিন দিন সঙ্কুচিত হচ্ছে। যদি আমাদের জনসংখ্যা বর্তমান হারে বৃদ্ধি পায়, তাহলে এমন দিন আসবে যখন অনেক মানুষ ঘর তৈরি করার জন্য কোনও জমি পাবে না। আর, ফলস্বরূপ, তাদের অনেকেই গাছে বা নদীতে ভাসমান নৌকায় বাস করতে পারে।” “কোনভাবেই না,” আরেকজন ছাত্র যুক্তি দেয়। “গাছ কাটা হচ্ছে, পাহাড় পরিষ্কার করা হচ্ছে এবং জলাশয় ভরাট করা হচ্ছে — সবই অনেক মানুষের চাহিদা মেটানোর জন্য।” “ধন্যবাদ ছাত্রছাত্রীরা,” মিসেস চৌধুরী বলেন, “তোমরা ঠিক বলেছো। আমি তোমাদের এই গ্রাম সম্পর্কে বলি যেখানে আমি জন্মগ্রহণ করেছি এবং বেড়ে উঠেছি। অতীতে পরিস্থিতি এমন ছিল না। আমার মনে আছে ছোটবেলায় গ্রামটি খুব সুন্দর ছিল! সবুজ ধানক্ষেত এবং হলুদ সরিষা ক্ষেত অবিরাম মনে হত। তারা বাতাসে দোলা দোলা করত এবং নাচত। গ্রামের উত্তর দিকে একটি বন ছিল। বনের মাঝখানে একটি লম্বা তেঁতুল গাছ ছিল।  এছাড়াও একটি বড় বটগাছ দেখতে একটি বিশাল সবুজ ছাতার মতো ছিল, যার বায়বীয় শিকড় ঝুলন্ত ছিল।  আমি প্রায়শই আমার সমবয়সীদের সাথে সেখানে যেতাম। আমরা প্রায়শই সেখানে পিকনিক করতাম। ছেলেরা যখন তেঁতুল গাছে উঠে কিছু তেঁতুল তুলত, তখন আমি আর আমার সবচেয়ে ভালো বন্ধু রিমা শিকড়ের সাথে দুলতাম। কিন্তু এখন দেখো, কাঠ আর নেই। এখানে-সেখানে অপরিকল্পিতভাবে তৈরি ঘরবাড়ি ফসলের ক্ষেতের সৌন্দর্য নষ্ট করে দিচ্ছে।” Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Early Rising Early rising is the habit of getting up from bed early in the morning. It is a very good habit which is very much essential for sound health. This habit is of special use to a man in various ways. Once one gets into the habit of rising early, one is able to set a routine and that obviously leads to better productivity both at work and home. The man who rises early in the morning can take some exercises or a walk in the morning fresh air by the river side or in the open field. The morning air refreshes both body and mind. Then the air is full of oxygen. There is a calm and serene atmosphere everywhere. One can enjoy the beauty of nature in the early morning. Nature smiles in the morning with colourful flowers and green leaves and the chirping of birds is also heard in the morning.  All these make them cheerful and healthy. The beautiful gifts and colourful nature in the morning remind everybody of the Creator. One feels like to pray to God. An early riser gets enough time to do his work either in study on in other work, which will bring him success. Finally he must follow the instructions to rise early. An early riser has many advantages. He can start his daily works earlier. He had nothing to worry. He can earn more and become wealthy. So the habit of early rising is the source of health, wealth and wisdom. So, all of us should adopt a healthier  way of living   and reap those benefits.   Model Answer-2 Advanced Early Rising The practice of waking up early in the morning is commonly known as early rising. It is an excellent habit that plays a crucial role in maintaining good health. This habit has numerous benefits that contribute positively to an individual's life in various ways. Firstly, early risers are more likely to establish a consistent routine, which ultimately leads to better productivity both at work and home. Secondly, those who wake up early can engage in some form of exercise or take a walk in the fresh morning air, along a river or in an open field. The air in the morning is rich in oxygen, which rejuvenates both the body and mind. The calm and serene atmosphere in the morning is also very conducive for reflecting on one's life and goals. The beauty of nature in the morning is something to behold, with colourful flowers, green leaves, and the sweet melodies of chirping birds. These sights and sounds bring joy and happiness, and remind us of the Creator, which often leads to a desire to pray to God. Moreover, an early riser gets enough time to do his or her work, either in study or in other areas, which ultimately leads to success. The benefits of early rising are not limited to personal success only, but it also has wider social implications. For instance, early risers tend to be more punctual and organized, which makes them dependable and trustworthy. They can start their daily activities earlier, without the worry of being late. Such individuals are more productive and can earn more, leading to wealth and success.In  conclusion, early rising is a valuable habit that promotes health, wealth, and wisdom. Therefore, it is imperative that individuals adopt this habit to experience the many benefits it offers. To this end, people should prioritize getting enough sleep, wake up early, and engage in activities that promote their physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Model Answer-3 EARLY RISING Early rising is the habit of getting up from bed early in the morning. It is a very good habit. The habit is beneficial to health. The man who rises early finds time to take some sort of exercise or a walk in the morning air. The morning air refreshes both body and mind. This certainly improves our health and increases our capacity to work. The habit gives us an opportunity to enjoy the beauties of Nature. There is a calm and serene atmosphere everywhere. In the morning all Nature is fresh and beautiful, trees are vocal with the songs of birds, flowers smile everywhere and the din and bustle of the day is absent. Enjoyment of these natural beauties sharpens our feelings and makes us cheerful and healthy. The beautiful gifts and coloured nature in the morning remind everybody of the Almighty. An early riser has many advantages. The habit enables him to begin his day’s work early. He has, therefore plenty of time to do it thoroughly. He gets the start in everything before others, who keep late in bed. He is never in haste. As he has more time to work, he can earn more and thus becomes wealthy. So, the habit of early rising is the source of health. Benefits of Early Rising Cultivating the practice of waking up early, known as early rising, holds numerous advantages for individuals. It is the habit of rising from one's slumber at the break of dawn, a practice that can greatly enhance one's life in various ways. To truly relish the serene and captivating beauty of the morning, one must embrace this routine. There exists a timeless adage: 'Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy, and wise.'For those who adopt the habit of early rising, the morning hours offer the opportunity for invigorating exercise in the fresh morning air. This revitalizes both the mind and body, setting a positive tone for the day ahead. Moreover, it allows individuals to commence their daily tasks promptly, thereby increasing productivity. Conversely, those who linger in bed and rise late often encounter a multitude of challenges. They may struggle with tardiness, miss important appointments, or fail to complete their daily responsibilities punctually. Additionally, their health may suffer, deprived of the rejuvenating benefits of the early morning air. Early risers can bask in the tranquil moments of the morning. They can embark on refreshing morning walks, revel in the melodious tunes of chirping birds, and admire the beauty of leaves and blossoms while inhaling the pure morning breeze. Engaging in morning prayers or meditation contributes to their overall well-being. The serenity and tranquility of the natural world during these early hours serve as a reminder of the divine creator.This practice offers ample time for students to dedicate to their studies. Furthermore, it grants everyone the opportunity to immerse themselves in the exquisite beauty of nature, an experience that stirs the senses and fosters emotional well-being. Therefore, we should strive to cultivate the habit of early rising, as it is believed that an hour of sleep before midnight is more beneficial than three hours of sleep after midnight. Let us heed the wisdom of the age-old saying: 'Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy, and wise. Benefits of Early Rising Waking up early in the morning brings various advantages to a person's physical, mental, and financial well-being. Firstly, early risers often engage in physical activities like exercise or taking a refreshing walk outdoors, which significantly improves their physical health. Secondly, the early morning environment is serene and tranquil, devoid of the hustle and bustle of later hours. Nature's beauty is at its peak with blooming flowers, lush greenery, and the melodious chirping of birds, creating a rejuvenating atmosphere that uplifts the spirits and sharpens the mind. Moreover, waking up early provides individuals with ample time to complete their tasks efficiently, leading to increased productivity and potential for higher earnings. This additional time allows for a more organized approach to work, resulting in better performance and potentially greater success in various endeavors. Conversely, those who rise late often find their daily schedules disrupted, leading to inefficiency and potential setbacks in achieving their goals. In conclusion, embracing the habit of early rising not only promotes physical health and mental well-being but also enhances one's economic prospects. By making the most of the peaceful morning hours and effectively managing time, early risers can enjoy a healthier, wealthier, and more joyful life overall. Early Rising Early rising is one of the good habits of a man's life. The habit of getting up from bed early at morning is known as early rising. This good habit plays an important role in making a life successful, comfortable, fruitful and happy. Regarding this good habit there is a wise English saying. "Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise." In fact, it is a true proverb. Fresh air and pure oxygen are very essential to sound a health and long life. It is the only early riser who can enjoy fresh air and pure oxygen in the morning. The fresh and cool air refreshes both our mind and body. An early riser gets enough time to finish his works properly in time. He never puts off his today's work for tomorrow. The student who rises early in the morning can learn more and can make a better result in the exam. On the other hand a late riser can earn poor and leads a poor and sorrowful life. He is deprived of the facilities and pleasure of life. He is deprived of enjoying the real beauty of nature. But an early riser leads a happier, healthier and longer life. I am an early riser. So I am healthy and always make a better result in the exam. Early rising is a great source of health, wealth and wise. This good habit should be formed .1t from the very childhood in order to lead a decent life. Early Rising Early rising means getting up from bed early in the morning. It is a good habit which greatly helps our mental and physical development. An early riser can take the fresh morning breeze and enjoy the beauties of nature. To walk or to take physical exercise in the open air is good for health. It makes us active, strong and energetic. If a man gets up in the early hours of the morning, he can begin his day's work early. An early riser gets enough time to perform his duty and does not suffer in future for want of time. Generally we remain undisturbed by noises of the ordinary world in the morning. As a result, we can concentrate ire our work. A student who rises early in the morning can learn and remember his lesson better than those who get up late. A late riser can not enjoy the blessings of the morning. Sometimes he performs his duties hurriedly and thus he can not do his work according to schedule. He suffers from ill health and temperament. Therefore, the habit of early rising should be formed from early stage of life. In a word, early rising makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. BENEFITS OF EARLY RISING Early rising is the habit of getting up from bed early in the morning. It is a very good habit. The habit is beneficial to health. The man who rises early finds time to take some sort of exercise or a walk in the morning air. The morning air refreshes both body and mind. This certainly improves our health and increases our capacity to work. The habit gives us an opportunity to enjoy the beauties of Nature. There is a calm and serene atmosphere everywhere. In the morning all Nature is fresh and beautiful, trees are vocal with the songs of birds, flowers smile everywhere and the din and bustle of the day is absent. Enjoyment of these natural beauties sharpens our feelings and makes us cheerful and healthy. The beautiful gifts and coloured nature in the morning remind everybody of the Almighty. An early riser has many advantages. The habit enables him to begin his day’s work early. He has, therefore plenty of time to do it thoroughly. He gets the start in everything before others, who keep late in bed. He is never in haste. As he has more time to work, he can earn more and thus becomes wealthy. So, the habit of early rising is the source of health. Composition / Essay Writing Benefits of Early Rising Waking up early, also known as early rising, offers many advantages. It refers to getting out of bed at dawn, and this habit can significantly improve one’s life. To fully appreciate the calmness and beauty of the morning, one must adopt this routine. There is an old and famous saying: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy, and wise.” This idea reflects the many benefits that come from starting the day early. One of the main benefits of early rising is having more time to exercise in the cool, fresh air of the morning. Physical activity during these early hours not only energizes the body but also sharpens the mind. People who wake up early often feel more refreshed and ready to face the day’s tasks. Starting the day early also allows for better time management. Early risers have a head start on their daily responsibilities, making it easier to complete tasks and be more productive. In contrast, those who wake up late face several challenges. They may struggle with being late for important meetings or appointments, which can affect their personal and professional lives. Waking up late also means rushing through the day, causing stress and anxiety. Additionally, they miss the benefits of the fresh morning air, which is known to have a positive impact on health. Lack of fresh air and peace in the morning may lead to a feeling of sluggishness and tiredness throughout the day. The early morning also provides a unique opportunity to enjoy the peacefulness of nature. Early risers can take a walk, listen to the birds singing, and admire the beauty of the leaves, flowers, and trees. Breathing the pure morning air not only improves physical health but also brings a sense of calm and peace. Many people also use the early morning time for meditation or prayer, which helps to reduce stress and improve mental well-being. The quiet and serenity of the early hours are perfect for reflection and mindfulness, reminding us of the beauty of the natural world. For students, early rising provides extra time for studying and preparing for the day ahead. It is a good habit that leads to better academic performance. Waking up early also allows people of all ages to connect with nature, which has a calming effect on the mind and improves emotional well-being. In conclusion, developing the habit of early rising is highly beneficial. As the old saying goes: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy, and wise.” This simple but valuable practice can lead to a happier, more productive, and healthier life. Bangla Translation ভোরবেলা ওঠার উপকারিতা ভোরবেলা ওঠা, যাকে আমরা ভোরে ঘুম থেকে ওঠা বলি, এর অনেক উপকারিতা রয়েছে। এটি মানে হলো ভোরের সূর্য ওঠার সময় ঘুম থেকে ওঠা, এবং এই অভ্যাস একজনের জীবনে উল্লেখযোগ্য পরিবর্তন আনতে পারে। সকালের প্রশান্তি এবং সৌন্দর্য পুরোপুরি উপভোগ করতে হলে, এই অভ্যাস গড়ে তুলতে হয়। একটি পুরনো এবং জনপ্রিয় প্রবাদ রয়েছে: "তাড়াতাড়ি শুতে যাও আর তাড়াতাড়ি উঠলে একজন মানুষ স্বাস্থ্যবান, ধনী এবং বুদ্ধিমান হয়।" এই প্রবাদটি ভোরবেলা দিন শুরু করার অনেক উপকারিতার প্রতিফলন। ভোরবেলা ওঠার একটি বড় উপকার হলো শীতল এবং সতেজ বাতাসে ব্যায়াম করার সময় পাওয়া। এই সময়ের শারীরিক কার্যকলাপ শরীরকে উদ্দীপ্ত করে এবং মনকে সতেজ রাখে। যারা ভোরে ওঠে, তারা সাধারণত সারা দিন ধরে বেশি সতেজ এবং কর্মক্ষম থাকে। দিনটা তাড়াতাড়ি শুরু করলে সময় ব্যবস্থাপনাও ভালো হয়। ভোরে উঠলে মানুষ দিনের কাজগুলো দ্রুত শুরু করতে পারে, যার ফলে বেশি কাজ শেষ করা যায় এবং উৎপাদনশীলতাও বাড়ে। অন্যদিকে, যারা দেরিতে ওঠে, তারা বেশ কিছু সমস্যার সম্মুখীন হয়। গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বৈঠক বা অ্যাপয়েন্টমেন্টে দেরি করে উপস্থিত হতে পারে, যা তাদের ব্যক্তিগত এবং পেশাগত জীবনে প্রভাব ফেলতে পারে। দেরিতে ওঠা মানে দিনটা তাড়াহুড়া করে শুরু করা, যা চাপ এবং উদ্বেগ সৃষ্টি করে। এছাড়াও, তারা ভোরের সতেজ বাতাসের সুবিধা থেকে বঞ্চিত হয়, যা স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য উপকারী। সকালে পর্যাপ্ত বিশ্রাম এবং শান্তি না পাওয়া শরীর ও মনে অলসতা এবং ক্লান্তি সৃষ্টি করতে পারে। ভোরের সময় প্রকৃতির শান্ত পরিবেশ উপভোগ করার একটি অসাধারণ সুযোগ দেয়। ভোরে উঠে হাঁটা, পাখির গান শোনা, আর গাছপালা ও ফুলের সৌন্দর্য উপভোগ করা যায়। বিশুদ্ধ বাতাসে শ্বাস নেওয়া শুধু শারীরিক স্বাস্থ্যের উন্নতি করে না, বরং মনেও এক ধরনের প্রশান্তি ও শান্তি আনে। অনেক মানুষ ভোরবেলা ধ্যান বা প্রার্থনার জন্য সময় বের করে, যা মানসিক চাপ কমায় এবং মানসিক স্বাস্থ্যের উন্নতি করে। ভোরের শান্ত পরিবেশ মনকে নিরিবিলি চিন্তা করতে দেয়, যা আমাদের প্রকৃতির সৌন্দর্য সম্পর্কে সচেতন করে। ছাত্রছাত্রীদের জন্য ভোরবেলা ওঠা পড়াশোনার জন্য অতিরিক্ত সময় দেয় এবং তাদের পড়াশোনার ফলাফল ভালো হয়। যেকোনো বয়সের মানুষ এই অভ্যাসটি গড়ে তুললে প্রকৃতির সাথে সংযোগ স্থাপন করতে পারে, যা মনের প্রশান্তি এবং আবেগের স্থিতিশীলতা বাড়ায়। সুতরাং, ভোরবেলা ওঠার অভ্যাস গড়ে তোলা খুবই উপকারী। যেমন প্রবাদে বলা হয়েছে: “তাড়াতাড়ি শুতে যাও আর তাড়াতাড়ি উঠলে একজন মানুষ স্বাস্থ্যবান, ধনী এবং বুদ্ধিমান হয়।” এই সাধারণ কিন্তু মূল্যবান অভ্যাসটি আমাদের জীবনকে সুখী, উৎপাদনশীল এবং স্বাস্থ্যকর করতে পারে। Vocabulary: Table with words from the text "Early Rising," along with their meaning in easy English, Bengali, Hindi, and Chinese: Word Meaning (Easy English) Meaning (Bengali) Meaning (Hindi) Meaning (Chinese) Early Happening at the beginning of the day সকালে হওয়া सुबह का 早的 (zǎo de) Rising Getting up from bed ঘুম থেকে ওঠা उठना 起床 (qǐ chuáng) Habit Something you do regularly নিয়মিত অভ্যাস आदत 习惯 (xí guàn) Morning The time from sunrise until noon সকাল सुबह 早晨 (zǎo chén) Health Being well and not sick সুস্বাস্থ্য स्वास्थ्य 健康 (jiàn kāng) Sound In good condition ভালো अच्छा 良好 (liáng hǎo) Fresh New or clean তাজা ताज़ा 新鲜 (xīn xiān) Air The gases around us that we breathe বাতাস हवा 空气 (kōng qì) Exercise Activity that makes the body strong শরীরচর্চা व्यायाम 锻炼 (duàn liàn) Routine A regular way of doing things নিয়মিত কাজের ধরন दिनचर्या 例行公事 (lì xíng gōng shì) Nature The natural world প্রকৃতি प्रकृति 自然 (zì rán) Beauty Something that looks nice সৌন্দর্য सुंदरता 美丽 (měi lì) Productive Getting a lot of things done উৎপাদনশীল उत्पादक 有成效的 (yǒu chéng xiào de) Calm Peaceful and quiet শান্ত शांत 平静 (píng jìng) Serene Calm and peaceful প্রশান্ত शांति 宁静 (níng jìng) Reflect Think carefully গভীরভাবে চিন্তা করা चिंतन करना 思考 (sī kǎo) Creator Someone who made everything সৃষ্টিকর্তা सृष्टिकर्ता 创造者 (chuàng zào zhě) Pray Talk to God প্রার্থনা করা प्रार्थना करना 祈祷 (qí dǎo) Success Doing well সফলতা सफलता 成功 (chéng gōng) Wealth Having a lot of money সম্পদ धन 财富 (cái fù) Wisdom Knowledge and good sense জ্ঞান बुद्धिमत्ता 智慧 (zhì huì) Advantage Something good that helps you সুবিধা लाभ 优势 (yōu shì) Oxygen A gas we need to live অক্সিজেন ऑक्सीजन 氧气 (yǎng qì) Study Learning something পড়াশোনা अध्ययन 学习 (xué xí) Rejuvenate Make something fresh again পুনরুজ্জীবিত করা पुनर्जीवित करना 恢复活力 (huī fù huó lì) Tranquil Calm and quiet শান্ত शांत 安静的 (ān jìng de) With Bangla Translation Early Rising The practice of waking up early in the morning is commonly known as early rising. (সকালে তাড়াতাড়ি উঠার অভ্যাসকে সাধারণত প্রভাত উঠা বলা হয়।) It is an excellent habit that plays a crucial role in maintaining good health. (এটি একটি চমৎকার অভ্যাস যা ভাল স্বাস্থ্য রক্ষা করার ক্ষেত্রে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করে।) This habit has numerous benefits that contribute positively to an individual's life in various ways. (এই অভ্যাসের অনেক সুবিধা আছে যা বিভিন্নভাবে একজন ব্যক্তির জীবনে ইতিবাচক প্রভাব ফেলে।) Firstly, early risers are more likely to establish a consistent routine, which ultimately leads to better productivity both at work and home. (প্রথমত, প্রভাত ওঠা লোকেরা সাধারণত একটি নিয়মিত রুটিন তৈরি করে, যা কাজ এবং বাড়িতে উভয় ক্ষেত্রেই বেশি উৎপাদনশীলতার দিকে নিয়ে যায়।) Secondly, those who wake up early can engage in some form of exercise or take a walk in the fresh morning air, along a river or in an open field. (দ্বিতীয়ত, যারা প্রভাতে ওঠে তারা কিছু ব্যায়াম করতে পারে বা নদীর তীরে বা খোলা মাঠে ভোরের তাজা বাতাসে হাঁটতে পারে।) The air in the morning is rich in oxygen, which rejuvenates both the body and mind. (ভোরের বাতাস অক্সিজেনে সমৃদ্ধ থাকে, যা শরীর এবং মনকে সতেজ করে।) The calm and serene atmosphere in the morning is also very conducive for reflecting on one's life and goals. (সকালের শান্ত ও নির্মল পরিবেশ জীবনের লক্ষ্য এবং উদ্দেশ্য নিয়ে ভাবার জন্য উপযোগী।) The beauty of nature in the morning is something to behold, with colourful flowers, green leaves, and the sweet melodies of chirping birds. (সকালের প্রকৃতির সৌন্দর্য দেখার মতো, যেখানে রঙিন ফুল, সবুজ পাতা, এবং পাখির মিষ্টি কূজন শোনা যায়।) These sights and sounds bring joy and happiness, and remind us of the Creator, which often leads to a desire to pray to God. (এই দৃশ্য ও শব্দ আনন্দ এনে দেয় এবং আমাদের স্রষ্টার কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়, যা প্রায়ই প্রার্থনার ইচ্ছা জাগায়।) Moreover, an early riser gets enough time to do his or her work, either in study or in other areas, which ultimately leads to success. (প্রভাত ওঠা ব্যক্তির পড়াশোনা বা অন্যান্য কাজে পর্যাপ্ত সময় পাওয়া যায়, যা শেষ পর্যন্ত সফলতার দিকে নিয়ে যায়।) The benefits of early rising are not limited to personal success only, but it also has wider social implications. (প্রভাত উঠার সুবিধা শুধু ব্যক্তিগত সফলতায় সীমাবদ্ধ নয়, বরং এর সামাজিক প্রভাবও রয়েছে।) For instance, early risers tend to be more punctual and organized, which makes them dependable and trustworthy. (উদাহরণস্বরূপ, প্রভাত ওঠা লোকেরা সাধারণত সময়ানুবর্তী এবং সংগঠিত হয়, যা তাদের নির্ভরযোগ্য এবং বিশ্বাসযোগ্য করে তোলে।) They can start their daily activities earlier, without the worry of being late. (তারা সময়মত তাদের দৈনন্দিন কাজ শুরু করতে পারে, দেরি হওয়ার চিন্তা ছাড়াই।) Such individuals are more productive and can earn more, leading to wealth and success. (এ ধরনের ব্যক্তিরা বেশি উৎপাদনশীল হয় এবং বেশি আয় করতে পারে, যা তাদের ধন ও সফলতার দিকে নিয়ে যায়।) In conclusion, early rising is a valuable habit that promotes health, wealth, and wisdom. (সংক্ষেপে, প্রভাত ওঠা একটি মূল্যবান অভ্যাস যা স্বাস্থ্য, সম্পদ, এবং জ্ঞানকে উন্নীত করে।) Therefore, it is imperative that individuals adopt this habit to experience the many benefits it offers. (অতএব, এই অভ্যাসটি গ্রহণ করা অত্যাবশ্যক যাতে এর অনেক সুবিধা ভোগ করা যায়।) To this end, people should prioritize getting enough sleep, wake up early, and engage in activities that promote their physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. (এই লক্ষ্যে, মানুষকে পর্যাপ্ত ঘুমকে অগ্রাধিকার দিতে হবে, প্রভাতে উঠতে হবে এবং এমন কার্যকলাপে অংশ নিতে হবে যা তাদের শারীরিক, মানসিক ও আধ্যাত্মিক কল্যাণকে উন্নীত করে।)

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it “Is there anybody here who has ever crossed a river by a boat?” “I have, teacher,” said Jamil. “And I clearly remember what happened in that journey.” “Would you please tell us what happened,” the teacher asked. “Okay, teacher. It happened while I was in class 6. On a weekly bazar day, people were coming back with their shopping bags and baskets in hands, on shoulders and heads. They had to cross the river. It was not a big river. There was a ferry boat plying on the river. The boat could cross it in 8-10 minutes. It was just after sunset. The weather was getting worse. The wind started blowing from the north-west. Black clouds were fast-moving in the sky. Everybody was trying to get into the boat. ‘No more, no more, please wait,’ shouted the boatman. But nobody listened to him.” “What happened then, Jamil?” asked Rumi. “With too many people on board, the boat sank in the middle of the river,” replied Jamil. “Oh no! What happened then?” asked the teacher. “Thank God. It was not a fatal accident. All the passengers swam to the other side. But some of them lost their things such as oil, salt and milk,” said Jamil. “Were you on the boat?” asked the teacher. “No, teacher. Seeing the boat overcrowded, I waited for the next time,” replied Jamil. “You’ve done the right thing, Jamil.” 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         The boatman requested the people to wait, because _. (i) the boat had already too many people      (ii) his boat was very small. (iii) there were other boats they could go      (iv) he would not ferry people with bags and baskts b)         A ferry boat was plyig on the river. Here ‘plying’ means _. (i) plying with other boats                            (ii) travellig along a route (iii) waiting for passengers                           (iv) sinking in the river c)         It was not a fatal accident. The statement tells us that _. (i) nobody died                                            (ii) nobody was wounded (iii) everybody accepted their fate                (iv) nobody lost anything d)         With too money people on board, the boat sank. Here the phrase ‘on board’ means _. (i) on the boat          (ii) on the platform       (iii) outside the boat     (iv) on the notice board e)         The boat was overcrowded. Here ‘overcrowded’ means _. (i) people were quarrelling on the boat         (ii) the capacity of the boat was over (iii) the boatman did not like a crowd           (iv) people were sitting on the boat’s bamboo hood f)          The boatman tried to stop everyone to get into the boat because _. (i) the weather was hot                                 (ii) the weather was gloomy (iii) the weather was stormy                         (iv) it was the time of sunset g)         At that time Jamil was a student while he _. (i) was reading in class six                           (ii) read in class six (iii) reads in class six                                   (iv) was reading in class nine. Extra Practices 1.         The maximum time for the boat to cross the river was _. (i) 8 minutes            (ii) 12 minutes             (iii) 8-10 minutes         (iv) 10 miutes 2.         The north was the _ side of the storm. (i) falling                  (ii) starting                   (iii) ending                   (iv) target 3.         Everyone was avoiding the advice of _. (i) Jamil                   (ii) the teacher              (iii) the boatman          (iv) the passengers 4.         A ferry boat was plying on the river. Here “plying” means ——.                 (i)     plying with other boats                        (ii)    sinking in the river (iii)   travelling along a route                        (iv)   waiting for passengers 5.         The boatman requested the people to wait, because——.                 (i)     His boat was very small                       (ii)    the boat had already too many people (iii)   there were other boats they could go    (iv)   he would not ferry people with bags 6.         With too many people on board and baskets the boat sank. Here the phrase “on board” means ——                 (i)     on the boat                                           (ii)    on the wooden board (iii)   outside the boat                                    (iv)   on the notice board 7.         It was not a fatal accident. The statement tells us that ——. (i)     nobody died                                         (ii)    nobody was wounded (iii)   everybody accepted their fate              (iv)   nobody lost anything 8.         The boat was overcrowded. Here “overcrowded” means ——. (i)     people were quarrelling on the boat (ii)    the boat was unable to carry any more people (iii)   the boatman did not like a crowd (iv)   people were sitting on the boat’s bamboo hood 9.         What class did Jamil read when he had taken a journey?                 (i)     class 5              (ii)    class 6                  (iii)   class 8                  (iv)   class 9 10.       What was the day of that day? (i)     Eid day            (ii)    Friday                  (iii)   holiday                (iv)   bazaar day 2.         Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         Why didn’t Jamil get into the boat? b)         Why did the boatman request the passengers to wait? c)         How long does the boat take to cross the river? d)         How was the weather? e)         What happened to the passengers?   Extra Practices a)         How was the river? b)         What do the passengers lose in the accident? c)         Where were the people going? d)         Where did the boat sink? e)         What were the people coming back with? f)          Why did the boatman request the people to wait? g)         How long does the boat take to cross the river? h)         Why didn’t Jamil get into the boat? i)          What happened to the passengers? j)          How was the weather? Answer: 1.      a. (i) the boat had already too many people; b. (ii) traveling along a route; c. (ii) nobody was wounded; d. (i) on the boat; e. (ii) the capacity of the boat was over; f. (iii) the weather was stormy; g. (i) was reading in class six; 2.      a. Jamil did not get into the boat as it was overcrowded. b.The boatman requested the passengers to wait, because the boat had already too many passengers. c.The boat takes 8-10 minutes to cross the river. d.The weather was not fair. The wind started blowing from the north-west. e.The passengers lost their things but swam to the other side. Extra The river was small, there was a ferry boat plying on the river. The passengers lost many things such as oil, salt and milk in the accident. The people were going home from the weekly bazaar. The boat sank in the middle of the river. The people were coming back with their shopping bags and baskets in hands, on shoulders and heads. Bangla Translation “এখানে কি এমন কেউ আছেন যিনি কখনও নৌকায় নদী পার হয়েছেন?” “আমি করেছি, শিক্ষক,” জামিল বললেন।  “আর সেই যাত্রায় কী ঘটেছিল তা আমার স্পষ্ট মনে আছে।” “আপনি কি দয়া করে আমাদের বলবেন কি ঘটেছিল,” শিক্ষক জিজ্ঞাসা করলেন। “ঠিক আছে, শিক্ষক। আমি যখন ষষ্ঠ শ্রেণীতে পড়তাম তখন ঘটনাটি ঘটেছিল। সাপ্তাহিক বাজারের দিনে, লোকেরা তাদের শপিং ব্যাগ এবং ঝুড়ি হাতে, কাঁধে এবং মাথায় নিয়ে ফিরে আসছিল। তাদের নদী পার হতে হত। এটি কোনও বড় নদী ছিল না। নদীতে একটি ফেরি নৌকা চলছিল। নৌকাটি ৮-১০ মিনিটের মধ্যে এটি পার হতে পারত। সূর্যাস্তের ঠিক পরেই। আবহাওয়া খারাপ হচ্ছিল। উত্তর-পশ্চিম দিক থেকে বাতাস বইতে শুরু করেছিল। আকাশে কালো মেঘ দ্রুত গতিতে বইছিল। সবাই নৌকায় ওঠার চেষ্টা করছিল। ‘আর না, আর না, দয়া করে অপেক্ষা করুন,’ মাঝি চিৎকার করে উঠল। কিন্তু কেউ তার কথা শোনেনি।” “তারপর কী হল, জামিল?” রুমি জিজ্ঞাসা করলেন। “অনেক লোক থাকায় নৌকাটি নদীর মাঝখানে ডুবে গেল,” জামিল উত্তর দিল। “ওহ না! তারপর কী হল?” শিক্ষক জিজ্ঞাসা করলেন। “ঈশ্বরের কৃপায়। এটি কোনও মারাত্মক দুর্ঘটনা ছিল না। সমস্ত যাত্রী সাঁতরে ওপারে চলে গেল। কিন্তু তাদের মধ্যে কেউ কেউ তেল, লবণ এবং দুধের মতো জিনিসপত্র হারিয়ে ফেলল,” জামিল বললেন। “আপনি কি নৌকায় ছিলেন?” শিক্ষক জিজ্ঞাসা করলেন। “না, শিক্ষক। নৌকায় ভিড় দেখে আমি পরবর্তী সময়ের জন্য অপেক্ষা করলাম,” জামিল উত্তর দিল। “তুমি ঠিক কাজটিই করেছ, জামিল।” Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below : Pohela Boishakh' is the first day of Bangla new year. The day is a public holiday. This day has a special cronificance for us as it forms a part of Bangalee untrue and tradition. People from all walks of life, respective (ARCG) of their ethnic identity or religious beliefs, celebrate the day with traditional festivities. On this day, the whole of Bangladesh is in a festive mood. The day inspires people to start life with renewed hopes and inspirations . Every year the day is celebrated traditionally. People wake up early in the morning. have a bath and wear traditional clothes. Women wear white saris with red borders and adorn  themselves with colourful churis and flowers while men dress themselves with pajamas and punjabis. It is a day when people love eating traditional food. One of the most colourful events of the day is held in Dhaka. Early in the morning, people in hundreds and thousands pour in from all directions to attend the cultural function at Ramna Batamul organized by Chhayanaut. They come in processions with banners, festoons and placards. The young people in the processions wear caps and masks. The cultural programme begins just in time and the renowned artists of the country take part in the program starting with famous Tagore song Esho--he Boishakh, Esho Esho .......... Artists also sing traditional folk songs, and perform classical dances to the rhythm of musical instruments. People also come to join the colourful processions, the biggest carnival of the country, organized by the Fine Arts students of Dhaka University. The procession usually displays the traditional practices of Bangalee culture. The masks and wreaths worn by the people are so fascinating! Often they symbolize contemporary (anal) worries or happiness in the national life. It attracts increasing number of foreign tourists every year.  The day is also observed all over the country. Different social and cultural organizations and educational institutions celebrate the day with their own cultural programmes. On this day, newspapers bring out special supplements . There are also special programmes on the radio and television channels. The celebration of Pahela Boishakh marks a day of cultural unity for the whole nation. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) The day of 'Pahela Boishakh' is a -- (i) non holiday (ii) govt. holiday (iii) private holiday (iv) working day Answer: (a) (ii) govt. holiday (b) Which of the following is true? (i) Pahela Boishakh is a working day (ii) People of a certain religion celebrate the day (iii) It is a day of the whole Bangalees (iv) People celebrate the day normally Answer: (b) (iii) It is a day of the whole Bangalees (c) Pahela Boishakh means -- (i) the first day of the year (ii) the first day of the month of Boishakh (iii) the day of cultural function (iv) the first day of a new year Answer: (c) (ii) the first day of the month of Boishakh (d) People from all walks of life, irrespective of their ethnic identity or religious beliefs, celebrate the day with traditional festivities. Here "irrespective of their ethnic identity or religious beliefs" means – (i) considering their ethnic identity or religious beliefs (ii) taking their ethnic identity or religious beliefs into account (iii) taking their religious beliefs into account only (iv) without taking their ethnic identity or religious beliefs into account Answer: (d) (iv) without taking their ethnic identity or religious beliefs into account (e)—symbolize contemporary worries or happiness in the national life. (i) the people who wear masks and wreaths (ii) the foreign tourists (iii) the masks and wreaths worn by the by people during the procession (iv) All Answer: (e) (iii) the masks and wreaths worn by the people during the procession (f) On this day, people are in a--mood. (i) changing (ii) gloomy (iii) cheerful (iv) reluctant Answer: (f) (iii) cheerful (g) On this day, newspapers bring out-- special supplements. Here 'bring out' means – (i) publish (ii) broadcast (iii) come out (iv) none Answer: (g) (i) publish Extra Questions : (1) Adorn' means — (i)           organize (ii)         beautify (iii)        arrange (iv)        spoil Answer: (1) (ii) beautify (2) On this day people , (i) meet each other . (ii) forget enmity (iii) gather in one place (iv) forget the past and start a new life with hope and inspiration Answer: (2) (iv) forget the past and start a new life with hope and inspiration (3) The word 'direction' means , (i) procession (ii) aim (iii) way (iv) organization Answer: (3) (iii) way. (4) On this day Dhaka looks the most -- in the country. (i) colourful (ii) pale (iii) faded (iv) beautiful Answer: (4) (i) colourful (5) How is the day celebrated? (i) with traditional (ii) singing traditional songs (iii) with traditional  activities (iv) visiting relatives Answer: (5) (iii) with traditional activities Short Answer Question 2. Answer the following questions. . (a) What dresses are worn in Pahela Boishakh? What is the significance of these dresses? Answer: (a) On the day of Pahela Boishakh people wear their traditional dresses. Women wear white saris with red borders while men wear pajamas and punjabis. The dresses signify Bengali tradition.. (b) The celebration of Pahela Boishakh marks a day of cultural unity for the whole nation irrespective of caste and creed. Explain it in 2/3 sentences Answer: (b) Pahela Boishakh is the day which the whole nation celebrate together. It is the day of the whole nation. People from all walks of life come out and enjoy the day with traditional festivities. Thus the celebration marks a day of cultural unity for the whole nation irrespective of caste and creed. (c) Why has Boishakh a special significance for us? Explain in 2/3 sentence Answer: (c) Pahela Boishakh is the first day of Bangla new year. The day has a special significance for us because it forms a part of Bangalee culture and tradition.  (d) What scenario of Dhaka do you get from the text? Answer: (d) We get a colourful scenario of Dhaka from the text. On this day people come out with colourful banners, festoons and placards wearing traditional dresses and attend different socio-cultural programmes. (e) What do the masks and wreaths symbolize? Answer: (e) The masks and wreathes symbolise contemporary worries or happiness in the national life Extra Questions : (1) What does the cultural programme organized by Chhayanaut at Ramna Batamul begin with? Answer: (1) The cultural programme organised by Chhayanaut at Ramna Batamul begins with the famous Tagore-song "Esho-he-Boishakh" Esho, Esho...... (2) What does the famous artists of the country take part in? Answer: (2) The famous artists of the country take part in the cultural programme organised by Chhayanaut at Ramna Batamul early in the morning Bangla Translation পহেলা বৈশাখ বাংলা নববর্ষের প্রথম দিন। দিনটি একটি সরকারি ছুটির দিন। বাঙালির অসত্য ও ঐতিহ্যের অংশ হিসেবে এই দিনটির আমাদের কাছে বিশেষ তাৎপর্য রয়েছে। জাতিগত পরিচয় বা ধর্মীয় বিশ্বাসের সকল স্তরের মানুষ ঐতিহ্যবাহী উৎসবের মাধ্যমে দিনটি উদযাপন করে। এই দিনে সমগ্র বাংলাদেশ উৎসবমুখর পরিবেশে মেতে ওঠে। এই দিনটি মানুষকে নতুন আশা ও অনুপ্রেরণা নিয়ে জীবন শুরু করতে অনুপ্রাণিত করে। প্রতি বছর ঐতিহ্যবাহীভাবে দিনটি উদযাপন করা হয়। মানুষ খুব ভোরে ঘুম থেকে ওঠে, স্নান করে এবং ঐতিহ্যবাহী পোশাক পরে। মহিলারা লাল পাড়ের সাদা শাড়ি পরেন এবং রঙিন চুড়ি এবং ফুল দিয়ে নিজেদের সাজিয়ে তোলেন, যখন পুরুষরা পায়জামা এবং পাঞ্জাবি পরেন। এই দিনটি এমন একটি দিন যখন মানুষ ঐতিহ্যবাহী খাবার খেতে ভালোবাসে। দিনের সবচেয়ে বর্ণিল অনুষ্ঠানগুলির মধ্যে একটি ঢাকায় অনুষ্ঠিত হয়। ভোরে, ছায়ানট আয়োজিত রমনা বটমূলে সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠানে যোগ দিতে লক্ষ লক্ষ মানুষ বিভিন্ন দিক থেকে ভিড় জমায়। তারা ব্যানার, ফেস্টুন এবং প্ল্যাকার্ড নিয়ে মিছিলে আসে। মিছিলে তরুণরা টুপি এবং মুখোশ পরে। সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠান ঠিক সময়ে শুরু হয় এবং দেশের খ্যাতিমান শিল্পীরা রবীন্দ্রসঙ্গীত "এসো-হে বৈশাখ, এসো এসো.........." দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া অনুষ্ঠানে অংশ নেন। শিল্পীরা ঐতিহ্যবাহী লোকসঙ্গীতও গায় এবং বাদ্যযন্ত্রের তালে তালে শাস্ত্রীয় নৃত্য পরিবেশন করেন। ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের চারুকলা বিভাগের শিক্ষার্থীদের দ্বারা আয়োজিত দেশের সবচেয়ে বড় কার্নিভাল, বর্ণাঢ্য শোভাযাত্রায় যোগ দিতে মানুষ আসে। শোভাযাত্রায় সাধারণত বাঙালি সংস্কৃতির ঐতিহ্যবাহী রীতিনীতি প্রদর্শিত হয়। মানুষের পরিহিত মুখোশ এবং পুষ্পস্তবক এত আকর্ষণীয়! প্রায়শই এগুলি জাতীয় জীবনের সমসাময়িক (মলদ্বার) উদ্বেগ বা সুখের প্রতীক। এটি প্রতি বছর ক্রমবর্ধমান সংখ্যক বিদেশী পর্যটককে আকর্ষণ করে। সারা দেশেও এই দিনটি পালিত হয়। বিভিন্ন সামাজিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন এবং শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠান তাদের নিজস্ব সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠানের মাধ্যমে দিনটি উদযাপন করে। এই দিনে সংবাদপত্রগুলি বিশেষ ক্রোড়পত্র প্রকাশ করে। রেডিও এবং টেলিভিশন চ্যানেলগুলিতেও বিশেষ অনুষ্ঠান হয়। পহেলা বৈশাখ উদযাপন সমগ্র জাতির জন্য সাংস্কৃতিক ঐক্যের দিন হিসেবে চিহ্নিত হয়। Ad Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.   ‘Pahela Boishakh’ is the first day of Bangla new year. The day is a public holiday. This day has a special significance for us as it forms a part of Bangalee culture and tradition. People from all walks of life, irrespective of their ethnic identity or religious beliefs, celebrate the day with traditional festivities. On this day, the whole of Bangladesh is in a festive mood. The day inspires people to start life with renewed hopes and inspirations. Every year the day is celebrated traditionally. People wake up early in the morning, have a bath and wear their traditional clothes. Young women wear white saris with red borders and adorn themselves with colourful churis and flowers, while men dress themselves with pajamas and punjabis. It is a day when people love eating traditional food. The most colourful New Year’s Day festival is held in Dhaka. Early in the morning, people in hundreds and thousands pour in from all directions to attend the cultural function at Ramna Batamul organised by Chhyanata. The cultural programme begins on time and the renowned artists of the country take part in it. The programme starts with Rabindranath Tagore’s famous song Esho-he-Boishakh, Esho Esho ………. Next, the artists sing traditional folk songs, display classical dances with the rhythm of musical instruments. People also come to join the colourful processions, the biggest carnival of the country, organised by the Fine Arts students of Dhaka University. The procession usually displays the traditional practices of Bangalee culture.  The masks and wreaths worn by the people are so fascinating! Often they symbolise contemporary worries or happiness in the national life and attract increasing number of foreign tourists every year. The day is also observed all over the country. Different social and cultural organisations and educational institutions celebrate the day with their own cultural programmes. On this day, newspapers bring out special supplements. There are also special programmes on the radio and television channels. The celebration of Pahela Boishakh marks a day of cultural unity for the whole nation irrespective of caste and creed. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         The most colorful festival of Pahela Boishakh is held in -----. (i) Dhaka                 (ii) Rajshahi                 (iii) Magura                  (iv) Khulna b)         The cultural show of Pahela Boishakh starts with the songs of -----. (i) Kazi Narzrul Islam                                  (ii) Lalon Shah (iii) Rabindranath Tagore                             (iv) Hason Raza c)         The first day of ----- new year is known as Pahela Baishakh. (i) English                (ii) Arabic                    (iii) Bangla                   (iv) Urdu d)         People join the colorful processions organized by the ----- students. (i) Science                (ii) Commerce             (iii) Arts                       (iv) Fine Arts e)         The cultural function at Ramna Batamul is organized by -----. (i) Chhyanata           (ii) Chhatra League      (iii) Chhatradal            (iv) Chhatra Union f)          The day gives inspiration to _ to start life with renewed hopes and aspirations. (i) students               (ii) people                    (iii) the teachers           (iv) the rich g)         The day is celebrated -----. (i) democratically     (ii) internationally        (iii) dramatically          (iv) traditionally 2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What do you mean by Pahela Boishakh? b)         How do the women adorn themselves? c)         What does the day inspire people? d)         What do the men put on? e)         How is the day observed in Dhaka? Answer: 1.      a. (i) Dhaka; b. (iii) Rabindranath Tagore; c. (iii) Bangla; d. (iv) Fine Arts; e. (i) Chhyanata; f. (ii) people; g. (iv) traditionally; 2.      a. Pahela Boishakh is the first day of Bangla New Year. b. The women put on white saris with red borders and adorn themselves with colourful churis ad flowers. c. The day inspires people to start life with renewed hopes and aspirations. d. The men put on pajamas and Punjabis. e. The day is observed in colourful manner in Dhaka.

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: 26 March, our Independence Day, is the biggest state festival. The day is celebrated every year in the country with great enthusiasm and fervour. It is a national holiday. All offices, educational institutions, shops and factories remain closed on this day. The day begins with a 31 gun salute. Early in the morning the President and the Prime Minister on behalf of the nation place floral wreaths  at the National Mausoleum at Savar. Then other leaders, political parties, diplomats , social and cultural organizations, educational institutions and freedom fighters pay homage en Lu the martyrs. People from all walks of life also come there with rallies and processions. There are many cultural programmes throughout the day highlighting the heroic struggle and sacrifice in 1971. The country also witness a spectacular parade of defense forces, bores guards, police, Ansaris and the VDP (Village Defense Party) at the National Parade Ground near the National Parliament. In Bangabandhu Stadium school children, scouts and girl guides take part in various displays to entertain thousands of spectators . The educational institutions also organize their individual programmes. Sports meets and tournaments are also organized on the day including the exciting boat race in the river Buriganga. in the evening, all major public buildings are laminated with colorful lights. Bangla Academy, Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy and other socio--cultural organizations hold cultural functions. Similar functions are also arranged in other places in the country. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) The word 'begin' is similar to – (i) coming (ii) opening (iii) commence (iv) come Answer: (a) (iii) commence  (b) The word fervor is a/an -- (i) noun (ii) verb (iii) adjective (iv) conjunction Answer: (b) (i) noun (c) Our Independence Day, the phrase in the first line has been used as — (i) subject (ii) case in apposition (iii) nominative absolute (iv) None Answer: (c) (ii) case in apposition (d) The word illuminate means (i) to put out (ii) to darken (iii) to put on (iv) to enlighten Answer: (d) (iv) to enlighten (e) 'Place floral wreaths' means (i) Take flowers (ii) draw bouquets (iii) Offer bouquets (iv) All Answer: (e) (iii) Offer bouquets (f) This day is a government – (i) off day (ii) day off (iii) relax day (iv) holy day. Answer: (f) (i) off day  (g) Who put flowers at Mausleum first? (i) President (ii) Prime Minister (iii) Diplomats (iv) Opposition leader Answer: (g) (i) President Extra Questions: (1) How does the day commence? (i) by placing floral wreaths at the National Memorial (ii) with the national anthem (iii) with rallies and processions (iv) with thirty one gunshots Answer: (1) (iv) with thirty one gunshots (2) Various displays take place in — (i) Mirpur Stadium (ii) Bangabandhu Stadium (iii) Bangla Academy (iv) Everywhere Answer: (2) (iv) Everywhere (3) What does the word "heroic" mean? (i) valiant (ii) epic (iii) cowardice (iv) difficult Answer: (3) (i) valiant (4) The government buildings are decorated  with colorful lights (i) all day long (ii) after sunset (iii) in the afternoon (iv) during midnight Answer: (4) (ii) after sunset (5) What is the closest meaning for 'Parade'? (i) show (ii) Exhibition (iii) Display (iv) March-past Answer: (5) (iv) March-past (6) The Independence Day is celebrated every year with — (i) due solemnity and fervour (ii) Zeal and fatality (iii) emotion and pride (iv) fame and frailty Answer: (6) (i) due solemnity and fervour (7) The word 'Mausoleum' stands for ---- (i) mosque (ii) grave (iii) stage (iv) festival Answer: (7) (ii) grave (8) Cultural Programmes are arranged to highlight the struggle and sacrifice in 1971. (i) cruel (ii) shrill (iii) violent (iv) valorous Answer: (8) (iv) valorous (9) On 'Independence Day' various displays are displayed to — the spectators.  (i) annoy (ii) enrapture (iii) chafe (iv) sadden Answer: (9) (ii) enrapture (10) 'Independence Day' is the day when -- (i) independence was announced (ii) we got victory (iii) our country got free from enemies (iv) our countrymen were chinned by the enemies Answer: (10) (i) independence was announced (11) Which of the following best describes the similarity between Shilpokola Academy and Bangla Academy? (i) institute (ii) socio--cultural organization (iii) university (iv) cultural institute Answer: (11) (ii) socio-cultural organization (12) In the passage the word organization means -- (i) clan (ii) treble (iii) association (iv) community Answer: (12) (iii) association (13) Our biggest state festival is -- . (i) Victory Day (ii) Shaheed Dibosh (iii) Pahela Baishakh (iv) Independence Day Answer: (13) (iv) Independence Day (14) The celebration of Independence Day begins with ----, (i) processions (ii) gunshots (iii) placing wreaths at the National Memorial (iv) the display of parades by defense forces Answer: (14) (ii) gunshots (15) The National Mausoleum is --, (i) in Dhaka University (ii) at Ramna Park (iii) at Savar (iv) near Dhaka Medical College Answer: (15) (iii) at Savar (16) On 26 March the National Parade is held -- (i) at the National Parade Ground (ii) in the streets (iii) in the decorated vehicles (iv) in Dhaka Stadium Answer: (16) (i) at the National Parade Ground (17) In the passage illuminated means -- (i) decorated with candles (ii) decorated with lamps (iii) decorated with torches (iv) decorated with lights. Answer: (17) (iv) decorated with lights (18) What is the main purpose of the author of this passage? (i) To highlight Bangalee culture (ii) To highlight the celebration of 26 March (iii) To highlight the significance of Victory Day (iv). To highlight Bangladesh as an independent country Answer: (18) (ii) To highlight the celebration of 26 March  (19) A person watching an event is called —. (i) stranger (ii) spectator (iii) emigrant (iv) participant Answer: (19) (ii) spectator (20) Which of the following ha." the closest meaning of the word 'fervor' us d in line 2? (i) colorful programs (ii) passionate feeling (iii) intense celebration (iv) indifferent feeling Answer: (20) (ii) passionate feeling (21) The word 'freedom' used in the passage is a/an – (i) adjective (ii) noun (iii) adverb (iv) verb Answer: (21) (i) adjective (22) The National Memorial is in district (i) Dhaka (ii) Manikganj (iii) Gazipur (iv) Nabinagar Answer: (22) (i) Dhaka (23) The word 'witness' used in the text is a/an ---- (i) adverb (ii) adjective (iii) verb (iv) noun Answer: (23) (iii) verb (24) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'fervour' used in line 3? (i) apathy (ii) ardour (iii) vendetta (iv) jealousy Answer: (24) (ii) ardour (25) The word 'meets' in the passage is a/ana, (i) Adjective (ii) Adverb (iii) Verb (iv) Noun Answer: (25) (iv) Noun  (26) The expression 'pay homage' means — (i) remembering the dead (ii) giving home as gifts (iii) showing respect (iv) visiting martyrs home Answer: (26) (iii) showing respect (27) All the people gather at National Mausoleum  on 26 March – (i) To enjoy cultural shows (ii) To see the martyrs (iii) To see the diplomats (iv) To give due admiration Answer: (27) (iv) To give due admiration (28) Diplomats pay tribute to the martyrs as a gesture of – (i) goodwill (ii) patriotism (iii) partnership (iv) willingness Answer: (28) (ii) patriotism (29) Displays are for entertaining the (i) guests (ii) viewers father (iii) army (iv) president Answer: (29) (ii) viewers father (30) The illumination of the buildings with colorful lights symbolizes the ~ of the whole nation. (i) oppression. (ii) glumness (iii) seventh heaven (iv) dejection Answer: (30) (iii) seventh heaven (31) 26 March is observed in — (i) a normal way (ii) a simple way (iii) a befitting manner (iv) an ordinary way Answer: (31) (iii) a befitting manner (32) The phrase 'public holiday' means -- (i) workers holiday (ii) holiday of the public (iii) public day (iv) govt. holiday Answer: (32) (iv) govt. holiday (33) The word 'homage' means -- (i) derision (ii) reverence (iii) ridicule (iv) regardless Answer: (33) (ii) reverence (34) Celebration of our Independence Day commences with (i) firing (ii) lightening (iii) resounding (iv) revival Answer: (34) (i) firing (35) The word Mausoleum' is closest in meaning to (i) Catacomb (ii) Grave (iii). Designed architecture (iv) Prestige center Answer: (35) (ii) Grave (36) 26th March is a--. (i) Religious festival day , (ii) Political festival day (iii) Social festival day (iv) National festival day Answer: (36) (iv) National festival day (37) 'All walks of life' refers to — (i) General people (ii) Passersby (iii) Down trodden people (iv) A selected group Answer: (37) (i) General  people (38) The purpose of the parade at National Parade Ground is --,. (i) to show the military strength (ii) to show how to do a parade (iii) to show respect to the martyrs (iv) to demonstrate a sense of supremacy Answer: (38) (iii) to show respect to the martyrs (39) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'enthusiasm'? (i) Entertainment (ii) Reluctance (iii) Eagerness (iv) Unwillingness Answer: (39) (iii) Eagerness (40) Which of the following phrase describe 28 March best? (i) Special day . (ii) Public holiday (iii) independence Day (iv) Memorable Answer: (40) (iii) Independence Day Short Answer Questions 2. Answer the following questions. (a) What is the significance of Independence Day? Answer: (a) The significance of the Independence Day is great. It is the biggest state festival in our country. People of all walks of life celebrate this day with due honour and dignity. (b) Why do people place flowers at the Mausoleum? Answer: (b) People place flowers at The Mausoleum in order to show respect to the departed souls of the martyrs (c) What is the passage about? Answer: . (c) The passage is about how we celebrate our Independence Day and its importance to us. (d) What is the hierarchy of paying homage to the martyrs? Answer: (d) The hierarchy is that at first the President and then the Prime Minister pay homage to the martyrs. In this way diplomats, political parties, social and cultural organizations, and freedom fighters pay homage to the martyrs.  (e) Who entertain thousands of spectators in Bangabandhu Stadium? Answer: (e) School children, Scouts and girl guides entertain thousands of spectators in Bangabandhu Stadium Extra Questions : (1) Describe the importance of celebrating our Independence Day. Answer: (1) The importance of celebrating our Independence Day is huge. It creates a kind of enthusiasm and fervor in the hearts of the people of Bangladesh. It makes people remember the valiant struggle of the martyrs and the freedom fighters. (2) Where is the National Mausoleum? Who place floral wreaths at it on behalf of the nation? Answer:  (2) The National Mausoleum is at Savar. The President and the Prime Minister place floral wreaths at the National Mausoleum on behalf of the nation. (3) What programs are organized to commemorate the event? Answer: (3) To commemorate the Independence Day, different organizations organize different programs. A smartly dressed parade of defense forces is held at the National Parade Ground. School children, scouts and girl guides take part in various displays at Bangabandhu Stadium. Sports meet and tournaments and boat race in the river Buriganga are also arranged. (4) Do you support the idea that 26 March is a significant day in the history of Bangladesh? Answer: (4) Definitely I support the idea. This is the day when Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared the independence of the country. This is why, 26 March is one of the most significant days in the history of Bangladesh (5) How do we pay homage to the martyrs? Answer: (5) By offering floral wreaths at the National Mausoleum at Savar, the President and the Prime Minister, on behalf of the nation, pay homage to the martyrs. The diplomats, political parties, Social and cultural organizations and people from all walks of life come here and pay homage to the martyrs (6) Where is the parade held on 26 March? Who took part in the parade? Answer: (6) On 26 March, the Parade is held at National parade ground near the national parliament. The defense forces, border guards, police, Ansaris and the VDP take part in the parade (7) Do you support the attitude, "The country also witnesses a smartly dressed parade"? Why/Why not? Answer(7) Yes, I support the attitude because it shows the unbounded respect of the different forces towards the martyred freedom fighters. (8) "The day begins with 31 gunshots. "Who says this? Why does she/he say this? Explain in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (8) The author says this. He says this because the day begins with 31 gunshots showing due respect to the martyred freedom fighters of the Liberation War. (9) Describe why the cultural programmes are arranged on 26 March. Answer: (9) Cultural functions are arranged on 26 March to celebrate the Independence Day. (10) Do you support the view that 26 March is a significant day in the history of Bangladesh? Give reasons for your answer. Answer: (10) Yes, I support the view because the declaration for our independence was made on this day and we got an independent and sovereign country on the basis of this declaration through a nine month long bloody war. (11) What do the cultural programmes emphasize? Answer: (11) The different cultural programmes organized on the 26th March emphasize the importance of the independence day in our national life (12) Why do ail offices, educational institutions, shops and factories remain closed on this day? Answer: (12) 26th March, our Independence Day. national holiday. That is why, on this de offices, educational institutions, shops factories remain closed. (13) Explain the reason of building the National Mausoleum. Answer: (13) There is a great reason of building National Mausoleum. It has been b remember the country's valiant son laid down their lives to liberate our The National Mausoleum is the tribute to the martyrs of the Liberation (14) Make a list of the organizations that include the parade. Answer: (14) Defense forces, border guards, police, and the VDP (Village Defense Party) included in the parade. (15) How do we become inspired from this passage? Answer: (15) From this passage, we become inspired to sacrifice our lives for the cause of the country. We should also be inspired* to defend our independence at the cost of our own lives (16) How do people go to the memorial to pay homage to the martyrs? Answer: (16) People go to the memorial with rallies and processions to pay homage to the martyrs (17) What major activities are done on the day by different cultural or social organizations? Answer: (17)Different cultural or social organizations such as Bangla Academy, Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy, etc. hold cultural functions highlighting the importance of the Day. (18) What does 26 March remind us? Answer: (18) 26 march reminds us - about the Independence Day and the supreme sacrifice of the martyred freedom fighters. (19) What is the significance of 31 gunshots? Answer: (19) The significance of 31 gunshots is that the brutal Pakistani army swooped on the sleeping innocent Bengalis at dead of night and killed many of them (20) Which organizations arrange cultural functions? Answer: (20) Bangla Academy, Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy and other socio-cultural organizations arrange cultural functions (21) What do the cultural programs highlight? Answer: (21) The cultural programs highlight the heroic struggle and sacrifice of 1971 Bangla Translation ২৬শে মার্চ, আমাদের স্বাধীনতা দিবস, সবচেয়ে বড় রাষ্ট্রীয় উৎসব। প্রতি বছর দেশে এই দিনটি অত্যন্ত উৎসাহ ও উদ্দীপনার সাথে পালিত হয়। এটি একটি জাতীয় ছুটির দিন। এই দিনে সকল অফিস, শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠান, দোকানপাট এবং কলকারখানা বন্ধ থাকে। ৩১টি তোপের সালামের মাধ্যমে দিনটি শুরু হয়। ভোরে রাষ্ট্রপতি এবং প্রধানমন্ত্রী জাতির পক্ষ থেকে সাভারে জাতীয় সমাধিসৌধে পুষ্পস্তবক অর্পণ করেন। এরপর অন্যান্য নেতা, রাজনৈতিক দল, কূটনীতিক, সামাজিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন, শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠান এবং মুক্তিযোদ্ধারা শহীদদের প্রতি শ্রদ্ধা জানান। সর্বস্তরের মানুষ সমাবেশ ও মিছিলের মাধ্যমে সেখানে আসেন। ১৯৭১ সালের বীরত্বপূর্ণ সংগ্রাম এবং আত্মত্যাগের কথা তুলে ধরে দিনব্যাপী অনেক সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠান হয়। জাতীয় সংসদের কাছে জাতীয় প্যারেড গ্রাউন্ডে প্রতিরক্ষা বাহিনী, বোরস গার্ড, পুলিশ, আনসারী এবং ভিডিপি (গ্রাম প্রতিরক্ষা দল) এর একটি দর্শনীয় কুচকাওয়াজও দেশ প্রত্যক্ষ করে। বঙ্গবন্ধু স্টেডিয়ামে স্কুলের শিশুরা, স্কাউট এবং গার্ল গাইডরা হাজার হাজার দর্শককে বিনোদন দেওয়ার জন্য বিভিন্ন প্রদর্শনীতে অংশ নেয়। শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠানগুলি তাদের নিজস্ব অনুষ্ঠানও আয়োজন করে। এই দিনে বুড়িগঙ্গা নদীতে উত্তেজনাপূর্ণ নৌকা বাইচ প্রতিযোগিতা সহ ক্রীড়া প্রতিযোগিতা এবং টুর্নামেন্টেরও আয়োজন করা হয়। সন্ধ্যায়, সমস্ত প্রধান সরকারি ভবন রঙিন আলোয় সজ্জিত করা হয়। বাংলা একাডেমি, বাংলাদেশ শিল্পকলা একাডেমি এবং অন্যান্য সামাজিক-সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠানের আয়োজন করে। দেশের অন্যান্য স্থানেও একই ধরণের অনুষ্ঠানের আয়োজন করা হয়। Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.        26 March, our Independence Day, is the biggest state festival. The day is celebrated every year in the country with great enthusiasm and fervour. It is a national holiday. All offices, educational institutions, shops and factories remain closed on this day. The day begins with 31 gunshots. Early in the morning the President and the Prime Minister on behalf of the nation place floral wreaths at the National Musolium at Savar at Savar. Then diplomats, political parties, social and cultural organisations, and freedom fighters pay homage to the martyrs. People from all walks of life also come there with rallies and processions. There are several cultural programmes throught the day highlighting the heroic struggle and sacrifice in 1971. The country also witness a smartly dressed parade of defence forces, border guards, police, ansars and the VDP (Village Defense Party) at the National Parade Ground near the National Parliament. In Bangabandhu Stadium, school children, scouts and girl guides take part in various displays to entertain thousands of spectators. The educational institutions also organise their individual programmes. Sports meets and tournaments are also organised on the day including the exciting boat race in the river Buriganga. In the evening, all major public buildings are illuminated with colourful lights. Bangla Academy, Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy and other socio-cultural organisations hold cultural functions. Similar functions are also arranged in other places in the country. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         Independence Day is the ----- festival. (i) biggest                 (ii) biggest state           (iii) smallest state         (iv) smallest b)         The National Parade Ground is near the -----. (i) New Market                                            (ii) National Museum (iii) National Parliament                               (iv) National University c)         Floral wreaths are placed at Savar on behalf of the nation by -----. (i) The President                                          (ii) The Prime Minister (iii) The Ministers and the MPs                    (iv) The President and the PM d)         Exciting boat race is held in the river -----. (i) Padma                 (ii) Meghna                  (iii) Ganga                   (iv) Buriganga e)         Public buildigs are illuminated -----. (i) in the morning     (ii) at night                   (iii) in the afternoon     (iv) in the evening f)          The National Mausoleum is -----. (i) on Dhaka University Campus                  (ii) at Ramna Park (iii) at Savar                                                 (iv) near Dhaka Medical College g)         Our biggest state festival is -----. (i) Victory Day                                            (ii) Shaheed Dibosh (iii) Pahela Baishakh                                    (iv) Independence Day Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 1.         What is the biggest festival of the state? 2.         How does the day begin? 3.         When do the heads of the state place floral wreaths at Saver? 4.         What does Bangla Academy hold? 5.         How are the public buildings illuminated? Ad 1.      a. (ii) biggest state; b. (iii) National Parliament; c. (iv) The Presidet and the PM; d. (iv) Buriganga; e. (iv) in the evening; f. (iii) at Savar; g. (iv) Independence Day; 2.      a. Independence Day is the biggest state festival of Bangladesh. b. The day begins with 31 gunshots. c. The heads of the state place floral wreaths at Savar early in the morning. d. Bangla Academy holds cultural functions. e. The public buildings are illuminated with colorful lights in the evening. Ad

Passage -1 Read the following passage and answer the questions below: 21st February is a memorable day in our national history. We observe the day every year as International Mother Language Day. The day is a national holiday. On this day, we pay tribute ( t) to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in undivided Pakistan in ' 1952. The struggle to achieve our language rights is known as the Language Movement. The seed of the Language Movement was shown on 21 March 1948 when Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the Governor General of Pakistan, declared in a public meeting in Dhaka that Urdu would be the only official language of Pakistan, The declaration raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country. The protest continued nonstop, gathering momentum day by day. It turned into a movement and reached its climax  in 1952. The government outlawed all sorts of public meetings and rallies to stop it. The students of Dhaka University defied  the law and brought out a peaceful protest procession (1991) on 21 February 1952. When the procession reached near Dhaka Medical College, the police opened fire on the students, killing Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiul and Jabbar. As a result, there were mass protests all over the country and the government had to declare Bangla as a state language. This kindled the sparks of independent movement of Bangladesh. Multiple choice Questions 1.Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a)The climax of something is its – (i) final stage (ii) downfall (iii) reward (iv)punishment Answer: (i) final stage (b) The Language Movement took place in (i) 1971 (ii) 1952 (iii) 1970 (iv)1956 Answer: (ii) 1952 (c)The government outlawed all sorts of public (i)to lock people's freedom of speech (ii) to stop language Movement (iii) as meetings were not safe at that time (iv)as people wanted it Answer:(ii) to stop Language Movement (d) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word memorable used in line1? (i) impressive (ii) brilliant (iii) unforgettable (iv) outstanding Answer: (iii) unforgettable (e) The phrase ‘as a result’ means-- (i) by dint of (ii) as a consequence (iii) as a preparation (iv)as a bonus Answer: (ii) as a consequence (f) Our martyrs laid down their lives to-- (i)  achieve independence (ii) establish Bangla as state languages (iii) earn name and fame (iv) to achieve people’s tribute Answer: (ii) establish Bangla as a state language (g)The day reminds us (i)the movement for first language (ii) freedom (iii) suffrage (iv) the movement for sovereignty Answer: (i) the movement for first language Extra Questions : 1)The government -- all types of public meeting and rallies. (i) allowed (ii) banned (iii) permitted (iv) inspired Answer: (31) (ii) banned (2)21 February is a memorable day for all the Bangladeshis because this is the day when – (i) Urdu was declared as the only state language of Pakistan (ii) We pay tribute to the martyrs of liberation war . (iii) Some great people laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language (iv) Students protested against Mohammad Ali Jinnah's declaration Answer: (2) (iii) Some great people laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language (3) Salam & Barkat were the citizens of (i) Bangladesh (ii) Nepal (iii) India (iv) the then Pakistan Answer: (3) (iv) the then Pakistan (4) Pakistan government declared Bangla as a  state language because they were – (i) compelled to do that (ii) requested to do that (iii) urged to do that (iv) advised to do that Answer: (4) (i) compelled to do that (5) The seed of the language movement was sown by — (i) Salam (ii) Martyrs. (iii) Jinnah (iv) Student's Answer: (5) (iii) Jinnah (6) The phrase "storm of protest" means — (i) mild protest (ii) strong protest (iii) moderate protest (iv) symbolic protest Answer: (6) (ii) strong protest (7) The gap between the beginning and the climax of language movement, (i) 2 years (ii) 3 years (iii) 4 years (iv) 5 years Answer: (7) (iii) 4 years (8) The greatest outcome of language movement is (i) status of Bangla as a state language (ii) independence of Bangladesh (iii) International Mother Language Day (iv) mass protest all over the country Answer: (8) (i) status of Bangla as a state language (9) Which of the words is most relevant to the word 'kindled' in the passage? (i) lit (ii) kind (iii) spindle (iv) scandal Answer: (9) (i) lit (10) 'Pay tribute to' is a/an--, (i) noun phrase (ii) adjective (iii) verbal phrase (iv) adverbial phrase Answer: (10) (iii) verbal phrase (11) The UNESCO declared 21 February as the International Mother Language Day on-- , (i) 17 November 1990 (ii) 17 November 1999 (iii) 17 November 1991 (iv) 17 November 1998 Answer: (11) (ii) 17 November 1999 (12) The historic Language Movement reflects our – (i) hatred towards alien culture (ii) hatred towards foreign language (iii) love for mother tongue (iv) love for democracy Answer: (12) (iii) love for mother tongue (13) The word 'proclaim' means -- (i) reveal (ii) design (iii) announce (iv) hide Answer: (13) (iii) announce (14) The students got martyrdom to (i) be famous (ii) establish rightful place of Bangla (iii) get historical recognition (iv) earn mass respect Answer: (14) (ii) establish rightful place of Bangla (15) The closet meaning of the word "Climax" is , (i)highlight (ii) maximum (iii) height (iv) culmination Answer:(15) (iv) culmination (16) The whole world has been observing 21st February as the International Mother language day since the (i) 21st century (ii) 19th century (iii) 18th century (iv) 20th century Answer: (16) (iv) 20th century   (17) Among the language fighters of 1952, the participation of the -- was significant. (i) common people (ii) labourers (iii) students (iv) teachers Answer: (17) (iii) students (18) What does the expression "this kindled the sparks of independence movement of Bangladesh in the last paragraph mean? (i) The spirit of the language movement promoted the independence movement of Bangladesh (ii) The language movement snatched the independence of Bangladesh. (iii) The sacrifice of the language martyrs revived independence (iv)The declaration of Bangla being the state language influenced the celebration of Independence. Answer: (18) (i). The spirit of the language movement promoted the independence movement of Bangladesh (19) We cannot but pay -- to the language martyrs. (i) dishonour (ii) disregard (iii) disrespect (iv) homage Answer: (19) (iv) homage (20) The students of Dhaka University ---- the law. (i) ignored (ii) obeyed (iii) maintained (iv) honoured Answer: (20) (i) ignored (21) The Language Movement inflamed the spark of-- (i) mass movement (ii) six point launch movement (iii) general election in 1970 (iv) independence movement Answer: (21) (iv) independence movement  (22) Which of the following word describes the best against Jinna's declaration? . (i) gentle (ii) peaceful (iii) stormy (iv) tranquil Answer: (22) (iii) stormy (23) The government declared public gathering unlawful to protect (i) discipline (ii) public opinion (iii) law and order (iv) human rights Answer: (23) (iii) law and order  (24) defy means -- (i) agree (ii) falsify (iii) connive (iv) justify Answer: (24) (iii) connive (25) peaceful means -- (i) sober  (ii) modest (iii) remorseful (iv) serene. Answer: (25) (iv) serene (26) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'seed' used in the passage? (i) The ending (ii) The beginning (iii) The plant her (iv) The celebration Answer: (26) (ii) The beginning (27)Which of the following best describes the similarity between Salam and Jabbar? (i) fighters (ii) protestors (iii) martyrs (iv) none Answer: (27) (iii) martyrs (28) 'The declaration raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country." The eastern part of the country refers to (i) East Bengal (ii) Indian subcontinent (iii) The then East Pakistan (iv) West Bengal Answer: (28) (iii) The then East Pakistan (29) Guess the meaning of the word "procession" and choose the correct meaning closest to the text-- (i) agitation (ii) meeting (iii) movement (iv) march Answer: (29) (iv) march (30) Bangla as a mother tongue was established through – (i)mass movement (ii)caprice (iii) politics (iv) sentiment Answer: (30) (i) mass movement (31) movement means -- (i) war (ii) fight (iii) agitation (iv) demonstration Answer: (31), (iv) demonstration (32) The killing of students -- the movement. (i) frustrated (ii) sharpened (iv) stopped (iii) slowed down (iv) boom Answer: (32) (ii) sharpened (33) In the passage the word 'outlawed' means (i) banned (ii) forbidden (iii) illegal (iv)all of the three Answer: (33) (iv) all of the three (34) The world 'enkindle' refers to -- (i) inspiring an emotion (ii) killing the enemies (iii) gaining independence (iv) initiating a war Answer: (34) (i) inspiring an emotion (35) Everybody -- 21 February as International Mother Language Day. (i) refused (ii) opposed (iii) accepted (iv) denied Answer: (35) (iii) accepted  (36) tribute means (i) sincerity (ii) earnestness (iii) homage (iv) supplication Answer: (36) (iii) homage (37) lay down means (i) slaughter (ii) sacrifice (iii) kill (iv) exterminate Answer: (37) (ii) sacrifice (38) declaration means -- (1) revulsion (ii) proclamation (iii) revelation (iv) acceleration Answer: (38) (ii) proclamation Short Answer Question 2. Answer the following questions. (a) Why were the Pakistani rulers forced to By accept Bangla as one of the state language? Answer: (a) The Pakistani rulers were forced to accent Bangla as one of the state languages due to the strong protest of the people of East Pakistan. (b) How do you feel about our Language Movement? Answer: (b) I feel proud of our Language Movement. It is rare in the history that the people of a sacrificed their lives for their mother nation sacrificed their tongue. (c) How is our language day recognized as International Mother Language Day? How do the world people observe the day? Answer: (c) UNESCO declared our language day as International Mother Language Day by a declaration. The people of the world observe this day with due honour and solemnity, (d) From your reading of the passage write about our language movement in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (d) Language Movement is one of memorable events in our national life took place in 1952. Some of our heroic sacrificed their lives to establish Bangla one of the state languages of undivided  Pakistan. (e) What has the sacrifice of the martyrs ensured? Answer: (e) The sacrifice of the martyrs has ensure Bangla as a state language of undivided Pakistan. Extra Questions'' (1) Why did the students defy the law? Answer: (1) The students defied the law to protest the declaration of Jinnah. They brought out a procession demanding Bangla as a state language. (2) From your reading of the first paragraph tell which day is a red--letter day in our national history. Why? Answer: (2) 21 February, 1952 is a red letter day in our national history. Because on this day, Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar sacrificed their valuable lives to establish Bangla as state language (3)What did the government ban and why? Answer: (13)The government banned all kinds of public meetings and rallies to suppress the movement of establishing Bangla as the state language. (4) What happened when the procession brought out by the students reached near Dhaka Medical College? Answer: (4) When the students of Dhaka University brought out a peaceful procession and reached near Dhaka Medical College, police opened fire on them and killed Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar. (5) What thing raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country? Answer: (5) The declaration of Urdu being the only state language of Pakistan raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country (6) What did enkindle the sparks of independent movement of Bangladesh? Answer: (6) The Language Movement of 21 February 1952 enkindled the sparks of independence movement of Bangladesh. (7) Describe the events of 21 February? Answer: (7) On 21 February in 1952, the students of  Dhaka University brought out a peaceful protest procession defying the law. When they reached near Dhaka Medical College Hospital, the police opened fire on the students. Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar were killed (8) How did the movement reach its climax? Answer: (8) The protest against this declaration continued non-stop, gathered momentum day by day and the movement reached its climax in 1952. (9) What is the significance of the movement in our national history? Answer: (9) The significance of the movement in our national history is the kindling of sparks of independence movement of Bangladesh. (10) Do you support the view that declaration of 21st February as International Mother Language Day is rightful recognition to the  martyrs? Give reasons for your answer. Answer: (10) Yes, I support the view that the declaration of 21st February as the International Mother Language Day is rightful recognition to the language martyrs. With this declaration the martyrs of language movement got an international recognition. (11) From your reading of the passage, describe why we celebrate 21 February. Answer:  (ii) We celebrate. 21 February as our Mother Language Day as well as International Mother Language Day. On this day in 1952, our heroic sons laid down their lives and established Bangla ,as our state language. So, to show honour to the martyrs, we observe the day nationwide (12) "The seed of the Language Movement was shown on 21 March 1948." Explain it in your own words. Answer: (12) The seed of the Language Movement was sown on 21 March 1948. On this day Mohammad Ali Jinnah declared that only Urdu would be the state language. This declaration hurt the Bengali people and a storm of protest arose in the heart of Bengalis. This storm grew violent day by day and turned into Language Movement." (13) Why did Jinnah give the declaration? Answer: (13) Jinnah gave the declaration with a negative motive. He wanted to perish the Bengali language from the undivided Pakistan. He wanted to make Bengalis weak in their  culture and heritage. (14) How did the people of the then East Pakistan react to Jinnah's declaration? Answer: (14) The people of the then East Pakistan reacted badly to Jinnah's declaration. A storm of protest arose in the then East Pakistan. (15)Why did Pakistan Government outlaw, meetings & rallies in 1952? Answer: (15) After the declaration of Jinnah, there arose a storm of protest in East Pakistan. The protest continued non-stop, gathering F momentum day by day. It turned into a movement and reached its climax in 1952. That's why, Pakistan Government outlawed meetings and rallies in 1952. (16) How is Language Movement related to the independence of Bangladesh? Answer: (16) Language Movement is indeed the root of the independence of Bangladesh. This kindled the sparks of independence movement of Bangladesh. Thus Language Movement is related to the independence of Bangladesh.. (17) Why is 21 February a national holiday? Answer: (17)21 February is a national holiday because the people of Bangladesh observed the day previously in the name of Shaheed Dibosh' to pay tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as one of the state languages in undivided Pakistan. So the govt. of Bangladesh has declared the day as a national holiday so that we can show honour to the martyrs going to the Shaheed Minar and offering flowers to the Minar, (18) How have we got Bengali as our mother tongue? Answer: (18) We have got Bengali as our mother tongue by shedding the blood of martyrs during the Language Movement. (19) Why did our martyrs give away their lives? Answer: (19) Our martyrs gave away their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in undivided Pakistan in 1952 (20) What did Mohammad All Zinnah declare in 1948? Answer: (1) Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the then Governor General of Pakistan declared in a public meeting in Dhaka in 1948 that Urdu shall be the state language of Pakistan. 10 (21) When did the police fire? Answer: (21) As soon as the procession reached near Dhaka Medical College, the police opened fire on the students killing Salam, Rafiq ,Barkat, Safiul and Jabbar on the spot. (22) Who are our language martyrs? Answer: (22) Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiul, Jabbar and many others all over the country are our language martyrs.  (23) How are the martyrs of the Language Movement remembered? Answer: (23) The martyrs of the Language Movement are remembered by observing 21 February every year. On this day people of Bangladesh go to the Shaheed Minar to pay tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives for our mother tongue. (24) From your reading of the text describe how we observe 21 February. Answer: (24) We observe 21 February as the Language Martyrs' Day and the International Mother Language Day. We pay tribute to the language martyrs on this day. (25) To whom do we pay tribute on 21 February? Describe it. Answer: (25) We pay tribute to the martyrs who sacrificed their lives for establishing the glory of our mother tongue. Martyrs named Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar were killed by the Pakistani police brutally on this day. We pay tribute to them. Passage -2 Read the following passage and answer the questions below : 21 February is observed  as Shaheed Dibosh every year throughout the country in remembrance of the martyrs of Language Movement of 1952. The commemoration begins at the early hours of the day with mourning songs that recall the supreme sacrifices of our language martyrs. People wear black badges and go to the Shaheed Minar in barefoot processions, singing mourning songs. They place wreaths at the Minar. Many of them visit the graves of the martyrs at Azimpur graveyard and pray, for them. They also attend various programmes organized in remembrance of the language martyrs. The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) on 17 November in 1999 proclaimed  February 21 as the International Mother Language Day in recognition of the sacrifice of the martyrs for the rightful place of Bangla. The day is now annually observed worldwide to promote  Awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) On 21 February different organizations arrange programmes – (i) to make promotion of their organization (ii) to uphold the highest regard of our language martyrs (iii) to describe the history of Bangla (iv) to mourn for their late brothers Answer: (a) (ii) to uphold the highest regard of our language martyrs. (b) Which of the following is not true about the celebration of the Shaheed Dibosh? (i) On this day, people go to Shaheed Minar  without shoes (ii) They wear colorful and gorgeous dresses. (iii) They offer flowers on the pavement of the Shaheed Minar. (iv) People pray for the departed soul of the martyrs. Answer: (b) (ii) They wear colourful and gorgeous dresses (c)Which of the following statements is correct? (i) The day symbolizes our bravery in the E liberation war. (ii) The celebration of 21 February begins at the break of the day. (iii) Presently 21 February is observed only in our country, (iv) The day is celebrated to uphold the uniformity of common people. Answer: (c) (iv) The day is celebrated to uphold the uniformity of common people. (d) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'remembrance' used in the text? (i) celebration (ii) acknowledgement (iii) commemoration (iv) appreciation Answer: (d) (iii) commemoration (e)Mourning songs have been sung to -- the martyrs.. (i) recollect (ii) demolish (iii) call off (iv) call again Answer: (e) (i). recollect (f) The text is about (i)Language movement of 1952 (ii) Historical background of 21 February (iii) Celebration of Shaheed Dibosh (iv) Recognition of 21 February as International Mother Language Day Answer: .(f) (iii) Celebration of Shaheed Dibosh  (g) The word 'Linguistic' is synonymous with the word (i) Scholastic (ii) Sublingual (iii) Philological (iv) Philosophical Answer: (g) (iii) Philological Extra Questions : (1) What does the expression 'the proposal was passed unanimously' mean? (i) the proposal was passed with the consent of all (ii) the proposal received incomplete support (iii) the proposal was rejected (iv) the proposal received only Canadian support Answer: (1) (i) the proposal was passed with the consent of all (2) The day reminds us of (i) the movement for first language (ii) freedom (iii) suffrage (iv) the movement for sovereignty Answer: (2) (i) the movement for first language (3) The 'noun' form of the word 'Unanimously (i) unanimous (ii) unanimously (iii) unanimity (iv) animity Answer: (3) (iii) unanimity (4) The observance of 21 February worldwide can bring cultural — (i) similarity (ii) variety (iii) sameness (iv) identical thing Answer: (4) (iii) sameness (5) The whole world has been observing 21stFebruary as "The International mother languages Day” since-- (i) 21st century ? (ii) 19th century (iii) 18th century  (iv) 20th century Answer: (5) (iv) 20th century (6) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'observed'?. (i) imposed (ii) noticed (iii) celebrated (iv) watched Answer: (6) (iii) celebrated  (7) Among the language fighters of 1952 participation of the were significant. (i) common people (ii) labourers (iii) students (iv) teachers Answer: (7) (iii) students 2. Answer the following questions. (a) How can we pay homage to our language martyrs? Answer: (a) We pay homage to our language martyrs placing floral wreaths at the Shaheed Minar. (b) What do the people do in the morning of 21 February? Answer: (b) In the morning of 21 February, people go to the Shaheed Minar barefooted to show respect to the language martyrs (c) How can you clarify the phrase 'the rightful place of Bangla'? Answer: (c) The phrase "the rightful place of Bangla ‘means the status of state language that Bangla deserved (d) What is your idea about the significance of wearing black badges in Shaheed Dibosh? Answer: (d) Black badges signify the symbol of mourning. On 21 February, people wear black badges to express their sorrow for the martyrs. (e)What do you think the spirit of the International Mother Language Day is? Answer: (e) The spirit of the International Mother Language Day is patriotism accompanied with nationalism that inspires the people to make self-sacrifices in any national crisis Extra Questions : (1) Why were the Pakistani rulers forced to accept Bangla as one of the state languages? Answer: (1) The Pakistani rulers were forced to accept Bangla as one of the state languages in the face of strong support in favour of Bangla from the people of then East Pakistan (2) What has the sacrifice of the martyrs achieved? Answer: (2) The sacrifice of the martyrs has achieved recognition with the recognition of Bangla as one of the state languages of then East Pakistan. (3) What is International Mother Language Day? Answer: (3) 21st February is called International Mother Language Day (4) What do you understand by 'world recognition? Answer: (4) By 'world recognition' we understand that the world supports our demand of Bangla as our state language. (5) From your reading of the passage, write about our Language Movement in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (5) Our Language Movement took place in 1952. We are the only nation that fought for their mother tongue. Many of our golden sons sacrificed their lives for the mother tongue Bangla Translation ২১শে ফেব্রুয়ারি আমাদের জাতীয় ইতিহাসের এক স্মরণীয় দিন। আমরা প্রতি বছর এই দিনটিকে আন্তর্জাতিক মাতৃভাষা দিবস হিসেবে পালন করি। এই দিনটি একটি জাতীয় ছুটির দিন। এই দিনে আমরা সেইসব শহীদদের প্রতি শ্রদ্ধা জানাই যারা ১৯৫২ সালে অবিভক্ত পাকিস্তানে বাংলাকে রাষ্ট্রভাষা হিসেবে প্রতিষ্ঠার জন্য নিজেদের জীবন উৎসর্গ করেছিলেন। আমাদের ভাষার অধিকার অর্জনের সংগ্রাম ভাষা আন্দোলন নামে পরিচিত। ভাষা আন্দোলনের বীজ বপন করা হয় ১৯৪৮ সালের ২১শে মার্চ, যখন পাকিস্তানের গভর্নর জেনারেল মোহাম্মদ আলী জিন্নাহ ঢাকায় এক জনসভায় ঘোষণা করেন যে উর্দুই পাকিস্তানের একমাত্র রাষ্ট্রভাষা হবে। এই ঘোষণা দেশের পূর্বাঞ্চলে প্রতিবাদের ঝড় তোলে। প্রতিবাদ অবিরাম চলতে থাকে, দিনে দিনে গতি সঞ্চার করে। এটি একটি আন্দোলনে পরিণত হয় এবং ১৯৫২ সালে চূড়ান্ত পর্যায়ে পৌঁছায়। সরকার এটি বন্ধ করার জন্য সকল ধরণের জনসভা এবং সমাবেশ নিষিদ্ধ করে। ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের ছাত্ররা আইন অমান্য করে ১৯৫২ সালের ২১শে ফেব্রুয়ারী একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ প্রতিবাদ মিছিল বের করে (১৯৯১)। মিছিলটি ঢাকা মেডিকেল কলেজের কাছে পৌঁছালে পুলিশ ছাত্রদের উপর গুলি চালায়, যার ফলে সালাম, রফিক, বরকত, সফিউল এবং জব্বার নিহত হন। ফলস্বরূপ, সারা দেশে ব্যাপক বিক্ষোভ শুরু হয় এবং সরকারকে বাংলাকে রাষ্ট্রভাষা হিসেবে ঘোষণা করতে বাধ্য হয়। এর ফলে বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতা আন্দোলনের স্ফুলিঙ্গ জ্বলে ওঠে। অনুচ্ছেদ -২ ১৯৫২ সালের ভাষা আন্দোলনের শহীদদের স্মরণে প্রতি বছর ২১শে ফেব্রুয়ারি সারা দেশে শহীদ দিবস হিসেবে পালিত হয়। দিনের প্রথম প্রহরে ভাষা শহীদদের সর্বোচ্চ আত্মত্যাগের স্মরণে শোকগানের মাধ্যমে এই স্মরণসভা শুরু হয়। মানুষ কালো ব্যাজ পরে খালি পায়ে মিছিল করে শহীদ মিনারে যায়, শোকের গান গায়। তারা মিনারে পুষ্পস্তবক অর্পণ করে। তাদের অনেকেই আজিমপুর কবরস্থানে শহীদদের সমাধিতে যান এবং তাদের জন্য প্রার্থনা করেন। তারা ভাষা শহীদদের স্মরণে আয়োজিত বিভিন্ন অনুষ্ঠানেও যোগ দেন। ইউনেস্কো (জাতিসংঘের শিক্ষা, বৈজ্ঞানিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক সংস্থা) ১৯৯৯ সালের ১৭ নভেম্বর বাংলা ভাষার অধিকারের জন্য শহীদদের আত্মত্যাগের স্বীকৃতিস্বরূপ ২১শে ফেব্রুয়ারিকে আন্তর্জাতিক মাতৃভাষা দিবস হিসেবে ঘোষণা করে। ভাষাগত ও সাংস্কৃতিক বৈচিত্র্য এবং বহুভাষিকতার সচেতনতা বৃদ্ধির জন্য এখন প্রতি বছর বিশ্বব্যাপী এই দিনটি পালিত হয়। Ad Ad Passage -3 Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.    21 February is a memorable day in our national history. We observe the day every year as International Mother Language Day. The day is a national holiday. On this day, we pay tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in undivided Pakistan in 1952. On 21 March 1948 Mohammad Ali Zinnah, the then Governor General of Pakistan, at a public meeting in Dhaka declared that Urdu would be the only official language of Pakistan. The declaration raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country. The protest continued non-stop, gathering momentum day by day. It turned into a movement and reached its climax in 1952. The government outlawed all sorts of public meetings and rallies to prevent it. The students of Dhaka University defied the law and they brought out a peaceful protest procession on 21 February 1952. When the procession reached near Dhaka Medical College the police opened fire on the students, killing Salam, Rafiq, Barkat and Jabbar. This enkindled the sparks of independent movement of Bangladesh. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         The police opened fire on the students of ―. (i) Dhaka Medical College                           (ii) Dhaka University (iii) Dhaka Dental College                           (iv) Dhaka College b)         The declaration about the only state language of Pakistan came on ―. (i) March 26, 1971   (ii) February 21, 1952  (iii) March 21, 1948     (iv) December 16, 1971 c)         Mr Zinnah was the ―. (i) President of India                                     (ii) Prime Minister of Pakistan (iii) then President of Bangladesh                (iv) then Governor General of Pakistan d)         The students sacrificed their lives to establish ― as a state language in undivided Pakistan. (i) Bangla                 (ii) English                   (iii) Arabic                   (iv) Urdu e)         The students of Dhaka ― brought out a peaceful protest procession. (i) Medical College  (ii) University              (iii) Dental College      (iv) College f)          The protest reached its climax in ―. (i) 1952                    (ii) 1948                      (iii) 1971                     (iv) 1947 g)         The procession reached near ― College. (i) Dhaka Medical    (ii) Dhaka Detal           (iii) Dhaka                   (iv) Agriculture 2.Answer the following questions.                                                             2×5 = 10 a)         What was the result of the language movement? b)         What was the effect of Zinnah’s speech? c)         What do you know regarding Mohammad Ali Zinnah? d)         Why did the students sacrifice their lives? e)         Who were killed in the movement? Ad Answer 1.      a. (ii) Dhaka University; b. (iii) March 21, 1948; c. (iv) then Governor General of Pakistan; d. (i) Bangla; e. (ii) University; f. (i) 1952; g. (i) Dhaka Medical 2.      a. The language movement enkindled the sparks of independent movement of Bangladesh. b When Urdu was declared by Zinnah as the state language of Pakistan our heroic sons came forward, protested and sacrificed their valuable lives. c.Mohammad Ali Zinnah was the then Governor General of Pakistan. He tried to impose Urdu as a state language of East Pakistan, at present, Bangladesh. d. The students sacrificed their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in undivided Pakistan in 1952. e.Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Jabbar and many others were killed in the movement. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.                   21 February has been observed as Shaheed Dibosh every year throughout the country in remembrance of the martyrs of language movement of 1952. The occasion begins at the early hours of the day with mourning songs that recall the supreme sacrifices of our language martyrs. People wear black badges and go to the Shaheed Minar barefoot in procession, singing mourning songs. They place wreaths at the Minar. Many of them visit the graves of the martyrs at Azimpur graveyard and pray for them. They also attend various programmes organised in remembrance of the language martyrs. The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) on 17 November in 1999 proclaimed February 21 as the International Mother Language Day in recognition of the sacrifices of the martyrs for the rightful place of Bangla. The day is now annually observed worldwide to promote awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         Shaheed Dibosh is observed every year all over the country on ----- . (i) 16 December       (ii) 21 November         (iii) 26 March               (iv) 21 February b)         International Mother Language Day is proclaimed by -----. (i) UNICEF              (ii) UNDP                    (iii) UNESCO              (iv) UNO c)         The occasion begins at an early hour of the day with ----- songs. (i) mourning             (ii) melodious              (iii) modern                 (iv) morning d)         On this day, people put on ----- and go to the Shaheed Minar bare-footed. (i) new dress            (ii) new clothes            (iii) black dress            (iv) black badges e)         21 st February was proclaimed as The International Mother Language Day on -----. (i) November 7, 1998                                   (ii) November 17, 1999 (iii) February 17, 1998                                 (iv) March 25, 1999 f)          February 21 is observed as ----- Dibosh. (i) Shaheed              (ii) Bijoy                      (iii) Shadhinata            (iv) Sromik g)         What is the synonym of ‘mourn’? (i) grieve                  (ii) morning                 (iii) evening                 (iv) day 2.Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         Why is 21 st February observed? b)         What do people do on this day? c)         Why did the UNESCO proclaim February 21 as the International Mother Language Day? d)         Why is the day celebrated today worldwide? e)         When does the occasion begin? Ad Answer 1.      a. (iv) 21 February; b. (iii) UNESCO; c. (i) mourning; d. (iv) black badges; e. (ii) November 17, 1999; f. (i) Shaheed; g. (i) grieve; 2.      a. 21 st February is observed to recall the supreme sacrifices of our language martyrs. b. On the day, pwople wear black badges, go to the Shaheed Minar singing mourning songs and place floral wreaths there. c.The UNESCO proclaimed February 21 as The International Mother Language Day on 17 November 1999. d.Today the day is celebrated worldwide to promote awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. e.The occasion begins at the early hours of the day.

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: May Day or International Workers Day is observed on May 1 all over the world today to the historical and sacrifices of the working people to establish eight--hour workday. It is a public holiday in almost all the countries of the world. Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US, the workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift, fourteen or even more hours a day. On May 1886, inspired by the trade half of the workers at the McCormic Harvsting Machine Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight--hour workday. Two days later workers' rally was held near the McCormic Harvesting Machine Company and about 6000 workers had joined it. The rally was addressed by the labour leaders. They urged the workers To stand together, to go on with their struggle and not to give in to their bosses. At one point of the rally, me strike breakers started leaving the meeting place. The strikers went down the street to bring them hack. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers. One striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many others were injured. The events of May 1, 1886 are a reminder that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives.   Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) The working people struggled -- (i) as a protest against long working hours (ii) to uplift their working environment (iii) for a break during working hours (iv) to form trade union Answer: 1. (ii) to uplift their working environment (b) The word 'rally used in the 3rd para of the 3rd line refers to -- (i)   line (ii)  gathered (iii)  gathering (iv) seminar Answer: 1. (iii) gathering (c) What is the purpose of the author of this  passage? (i) To portray the brutality and atrocity of the owners of the mills and factories (ii) To state the short history of May Day b e and the significance of it (iii) To highlight the violent roles of about 200 policemen . (iv) To heighten the kind and sympathetic roles of some of strikebreakers Answer: 1. (ii) To state the short history of  May Day and the significance of it (d) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'bosses used in the 4th I sentence of the     3rd para? (i)  friends (ii)  masters (iii)  colleagues (iv)  officer Answer: .(ii) masters  (e) What does the expression 'Inspired by the trade union' in line 1 of para 3 mean? (i) inspired by labour leaders (ii) asked by the members of the union (iii) inspired by the cabinet (iv) inspired by trade and commence Answer: 1. i) inspired by labour leaders (f) Which of the following words describes the workers' movement to protect their demands? (i)  regression (ii)  remission (iii)  weakening (iv)  rally Answer: 1. (iv) rally (g) Which one of the following is not true? (i) workers in mills and factories had to work for a long time (ii) working hours lasted for fourteen or even more hours (iii) The workers of Europe went on strike (iv) working class demanded an eight hour workday in Answer: 1.  (iii) The workers of Europe went on strike Extra Questions : (1) What does stand together mean in the passage? (i) to be helpful (ii) to be united (iii) to help each other (iv) to raise--hands together Answer:(ii) to be united (2) Which of the following best describes the workers during the Industrial Revolution? (i) facilitated (ii) privileged (iii) deprived iv) honorary Answer:(iii) deprived (3) By which of the following meaning of the word 'establish' be replaced? (i) set up (ii) initiate (iii) achieve (iv) introduce Answer:(i) set up (4) What was the result of Industrial Revolution In 18th and 19th century in Europe? (i) Long working hours (ii) Meager wages (iii) Better pays (iv)  Financial flourishment Answer:(i) Long working hours (5) What does the expression, "Industrial Revolution" mean? (i)  demands of the labourers (ii)  nights of the labourers (iii)  revolution of the owners of the industries (iv)  expansion of mills and factories Answer: (iv) expansion of mills and factories (6) How many workers were killed by the police? (i) two (ii) one (iii)five (iv) many Answer:(ii) one (7) What do the events of May 1, 1886 remind us? (i) efforts (ii) struggle against exploitation (iii))contribution (iv) facilities Answer:(ii) struggle against exploitation (8) May Day is observed -- (i) all over the world (ii) in few countries (iii)in Bangladesh (iv) in Europe Answer: (i) all over the world (9) Workers were on strike in (1) Washington (ii) New York , (iii) Florida (iv) Chicago Answer:(iv) Chicago (10) Where is May Day observed today? (i) In Chicago (ii) In USA (iii)In Europe ( iv) All over the world Answer: (iv) All over the world (11) The labour leaders also urged the workers not to (i) go back home till demands were met (ii) report to their working places (iii)surrender to their bosses (iv)fight against the authority Answer: iii) surrender to their bosses (12) What did some strikebreakers do? (i) Started pelting stones to the leaders ( ii)  Started leaving the meeting place (iii )Started chanting slogan (v) Started merry—making Answer: (ii) Started leaving the meeting place (13) Today May Day is considered as -- (i) a labour day (ii) a public holiday (iii) a funny day (iv) an important day Answer: (i) a labour day (14)The word 'suddenly' could be replaced by – (i) as a rule (ii) on the whole (iii) in a second (iv) all on a sudden Answer: (iv) all on a sudden (15) The word exploit mentioned in the passage means -- (i) blackmail (ii) trouble (iii) entrap (iv) usurp Answer: (ii) trouble (16) For strike the workers got the support of the (i)  common people (ii)  trade unions (iii)  company managers (iv)  local leaders Answer: (ii) trade unions (17)  McCormic Harvester Company was situated in-- (i)  Europe (ii)  America (iii)  Canada (iv)  The UK Answer: (ii) America (18) The policemen attacked  -- (i)   the rally (ii)   the strikers (iii)  common people (iv)  the labour leaders Answer: (ii) the strikers (19) May Day events have occurred in century, (i) 17th (ii) 18th (iii) 19th (iv) 20th Answer: (iii) 19th (20) The policemen attacked the strikers on -- (i) May lst (ii) May 2nd (iii) May 3rd (iv) May 4th Answer: (iii) May 3rd (21) Clubs and revolvers were used upon -- (i)  trade union leaders (ii)  policemen (iii)  strikers (iv)  strike—breakers Answer: (6) (iii) strikers (22) The workers' demand was to work time. (i)  sustain (ii)  assign (iii)  reduce (iv)  upgrade Answer: (iii) reduce (23) How many workers joined the rally? (i) 6,000 (ii) more than 6000 (iii) 2003 (iv) about 6000 Answer:(iv) about 6000  (24) The word 'gain' can be replaced by (i) accomplish (ii) perform (iii) obtain (iv) claim Answer:(iii) obtain (25) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'observe'? (i) notice (ii) inform (iii) convey (iv) celebrate Answer:(iv) celebrate (26) The result of May Day — the working hour of the workers, (i) increased (ii) decreased (iii) extended (iv) elaborated Answer:(ii) decreased (27) Which of the following statement is true about May 1, 1886? (i) It inspires the workers to stand together (ii) It inspires the workers to work more (iii) It inspires the workers to work hard (iv) It inspires the workers to work long hours Answer:(i) It inspires the workers to stand together (28) The movement of May Day was for — of people. (i) elite class (ii) working class (iii) aristocratic class (iv) dissolvable class Answer:(ii) working class (29)The labour leaders inspired the worker's not to — to their bosses. (i)give something (ii) hit their bosses (iii) start protesting (iv) surrender Answer: (iv) surrender (30) The day reminds the historic — of working people. (i) war (ii) struggle (iii) fight (iv) clash Answer:(ii) struggle (31) The objective of May Day was to establish -- work day. (i) a six--hour (ii) an eight--hour (iii) an eighteen--hour (iv) a seven—hour Answer:(ii) an eight-hour (32) What do you understand by trade union? (i) an organization of traders to it (ii) an association of workers (iii) an organization of factory owners (iv) an organization of workers Answer:(iv) an organization of workers  (33) The events of May 1, 1886 18 a -- for the 1 1401 workers. (i) trouble (ii) destruction (iii) recognition (iv) warning Answer:(iii) recognition  (34) Since the Industrial Revolution workers had an off period only for a day.  (i) 8 hours or more (ii) 14 hours or more (iii)9 hours or less (iv) 10 hours or less Answer: (iv) 10 hours or less (35) The working people struggled -- (i) as a protest against long working hours (ii) to uplift their working environment (iii) for a break during working hours (iv) to form trade union Answer:(ii) to uplift their working environment (36) Working people struggled and sacrificed for (i) better salary (ii) expected working time (iii)better life (iv) better working condition Answer:(ii) expected working time (37) To stop exploitation workers should not ---- (i) express their opinion in public (ii) rule out any unfair condition by their bosses (iii) speak meekly (iv) think of their privilege Answer:(iii) speak meekly (38) "And not to give in to their bosses what does 'give in' means here? (i) dominate (ii) refuse (iii) agree to continue struggling (iv) agree to stop struggling Answer:(iv) agree to stop strugglin (39) May Day signifies — (i)   the rights of working class people (ii)  the importance of a day's holiday (iii)  the inspiration of hardworking people (iv)  none of them Answer: i) the rights of working class people (40) What is the synonym of 'Inspire' ? (i) fight (ii) struggle (iii) motivate (iv) strike Answer:(iii) motivate (41) The labour leaders — the workers. (i)  dissuaded (ii)  solicited , (iii)  exploited (iv )  eulogized Answer: (ii) solicited (42) Workers got together in a rally near the McCormic Harvester Company on -- in 1886. (i) 2 May (ii) 1 May (iii)3 May (iv) 4 May Answer:  (iii) 3 May (43) What is the noun form of the verb 'observe' from the first sentence's context of this passage (i) observation (ii) observance (iii) observance (iv) observability Answer: (iii) observance (44) The workers in mills and factories had to work for a long shift – the Industrial Revolution. (i) from (ii) after (iii)before (iv) during Answer:(iv) during (45) International Workers Day is observed to -- (i) show respect to the workers (ii) remember the sacrifice of the workers (iii) encourage the workers (iv) evaluate the workers Answer:  (i) show respect to the workers (46) The word 'commemorate stands for -- (i)  a unity among people (ii) loyalty  towards authority (iii) the struggle for movement (iv) honour the memory of an event Answer:(iv) honour the memory of an event (47) What was the prime demand of the workers? (i)  better working condition a t (ii)  eight--hour work day (iii)  yearly payment (iv) smart pay Answer: (ii) eight-hour work day (48) What is the message of the passage? (i) To describe the historical struggle of the working people (ii) To depict the effects of Industrial or Revolution on working people (iii) The working people will be oppressed unless they protest and demand their rights unitedly. (iv) The role of the leaders of the trade union Answer: (iii) The working people will be oppressed unless they protest and demand their rights unitedly (49) If the workers do not stand united in realizing their demand, they may still be (i) oppressed (ii) benefited (iii) venerated (iv) appreciated . Answer:  (i) oppressed (50) It was a struggle organized by the workers to settle for — (i)eight hours workday (ii) round the clock workday (iii) freedom to work (iv) minimum service Answer:  (i) eight hours workday Short Answer Questions 2. Answer the following questions. (a) Why is May Day observed all over the world?  Answer:  May Day or International Workers' Day is observed to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an eight hour work day. (b) What did the labour leaders ask the workers to do? Answer: The labour leaders asked the workers to stand together, to go on with their movement and not to surrender to their bosses or compromise in their demand for eight hours workday.      (c) What were the causes that led to the struggle? Answer: The labourers wanted to get their rightful wage and reduce the working hour to eight hours instead of long working hours that led to their struggle with the employers. (d) What happened on 1st May, 1886? What did the workers want?  Answer: On 1st May, 1886, the workers of the Me Cormic Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight hour work day. The workers of other company also joined the strike. The police attacked the strikers and many workers died as a result. (e) What activities did the workers of McCormic Harvester Company do against the authorities? Answer:The workers went on a strike demanding an eight-hour workday. They held a rally which was addressed by the leaders of the trade unions. Extra Questions : (1) What lesson do you get from the events of 1st May 1886? Answer: It gives us a great lesson and a reminder as well that until the workers stand up unitedly , speak out to gain better working condition, better pay and better lives, exploitation of them will be continuing. (2) How can the workers achieve their rights? Answer: The workers can achieve their rights only when they stand up unitedly and speak out to gain it.  (3) What is Industrial Revolution? Answer:  The rapid growth of industries in Europe and America in the 18th and 19th century is called Industrial Revolution.  (4) Why did the workers in Chicago go on a strike? Answer: The workers in Chicago went on a strike demanding an eight hour workday..  (5) When and where did police fire into a crowd? Answer: On 3rd May, 1886 a workers' rally was held near the Mc Cormic Harvester Company in Chicago. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers. (6) Since when had the workers in mills and factories been working a long shift? Answer:  The workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the USA. (7) Whom did the trade union inspire? What did they do after being inspired? Describe in short. Answer: The trade unions inspired the workers of mills and factories. After being inspired half of the workers at the Mc Cormic Harvester Company in Chicago went on a strike demanding an 8 hour workday. A workers rally was held near the Mc Cormic Harvester Company two days later. About 6000 workers joined the rally. (8) What does the event of May Day remind us? Answer: The events of May Day remind us that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives.  (9) Do you support the idea that May Day is an inspiration for the workers across the world? Give reasons for your answer. Answer: Yes, I do support the idea that May Day is an inspiration for the workers across the world. Today workers, irrespective of their countries know their rights as well as responsibilities well due to the incident of May Day. They are inspired by the incident of May Day (10) What is the consequence of May Day? Answer: The consequence of May Day is that the workers of the world are now have to work eight hours a day and now they know that they have to speak out to gain their rights and better lives. (11) How long did the workers have to work a day before May 1, 1886? ; Answer: Before May 1, 1886, the workers of mills and factories had to work long shifts, fourteen or even more hours a day. (12) What was the role of trade unions? Answer: The trade unions inspired and persuaded the workers to demand eight-hour work day.    (13) Why did the workers start protesting? Answer:The workers started protesting to meet their demand of eight-hour work day including better pay and better lives. (14) Do you support the idea that the events on May 1, 1886 will act as a reminder to the workers of their exploitation? Explain. Answer:  Yes, I support the idea. The events of May 1,1886 will definitely act as a reminder to the workers that they will be exploited unless and until they stand up unitedly for better wages, better working conditions and better lives etc (15) When and where did Industrial Revolution take place? Answer:Industrial Revolution took place in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US. (16) Describe in brief how the policemen attacked the workers and the effect of the attack. Answer: The policemen attacked the workers with clubs and revolvers. As a result, one striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many of them were badly injured. (17) What have the workers learnt from the events of May 1st, 1886? Answer: The workers have learnt from the events of May 1st, 1886 to stand together and speak out (18) What should the workers learn from the events of May Day? Answer:  From the events of May Day the workers should learn that they will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives. (19) What were effects of Industrial Revolution on the working people? Answer:  The effects of Industrial Revolution on the working people was horrific as they had to work long shifts, 14 or even more hours a day. (20) Who addressed the rally? What did they urge? Answer: The labour leaders addressed the rally. They urged the workers to stand together, to go on with their struggle and not to yield to their bosses.  (21) Do you support the attitude. "Workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives?" Why/Why not? Explain in 2/3 sentences. Answer: Yes, I support the attitude. People work hard but they do not get proper wages. They have to face various types of problems in their workplace. If they do not stand up and speak out against them, it will be continued (22) What does May Day commemorate? Answer: May Day commemorates the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people who wanted to establish an eight-hour workday (23) What did the workers want by struggling against the authority? Answer: The workers wanted to establish an eight hour workday by struggling against the authority. (24) Why is the event of May 1, 1886 a reminder for the workers? Answer: On May 1st people all over the world observe the day as International Workers Day. 30 People remember the struggle and sacrifice of the working people that happened on May 1st, 1886. That's why, the event of May 1, 1886 is a reminder for the workers. Bangla Translation ৮ ঘণ্টা কর্মদিবস প্রতিষ্ঠার জন্য শ্রমজীবী ​​মানুষের ঐতিহাসিক ও আত্মত্যাগের স্মরণে আজ ১ মে বিশ্বজুড়ে মে দিবস বা আন্তর্জাতিক শ্রমিক দিবস পালিত হয়। বিশ্বের প্রায় সব দেশেই এটি একটি সরকারি ছুটির দিন। ১৮শ ও ১৯শ শতাব্দীতে ইউরোপ ও আমেরিকায় শিল্প বিপ্লবের পর থেকে, মিল ও কারখানার শ্রমিকরা দীর্ঘ শিফটে কাজ করে আসছিল, দিনে চৌদ্দ ঘন্টা বা তারও বেশি সময়। ১৮৮৬ সালের মে মাসে শিকাগোর ম্যাককর্মিক হার্ভস্টিং মেশিন কোম্পানির শ্রমিকদের অর্ধেক শ্রমিক আট ঘণ্টা কর্মদিবসের দাবিতে ধর্মঘটে অংশ নেয়। দুই দিন পর ম্যাককর্মিক হার্ভেস্টিং মেশিন কোম্পানির কাছে শ্রমিক সমাবেশ অনুষ্ঠিত হয় এবং প্রায় ৬০০০ শ্রমিক এতে যোগ দেন। সমাবেশে শ্রমিক নেতারা বক্তব্য রাখেন। তারা শ্রমিকদের একত্রিত হওয়ার, তাদের সংগ্রাম চালিয়ে যাওয়ার এবং তাদের মনিবদের কাছে নতি স্বীকার না করার আহ্বান জানান। সমাবেশের এক পর্যায়ে, ধর্মঘট ভঙ্গকারীরা সভাস্থল ছেড়ে চলে যেতে শুরু করে। ধর্মঘটকারীরা তাদের হস্তক্ষেপ করতে রাস্তায় নেমে আসে। হঠাৎ করে প্রায় ২০০ পুলিশ লাঠি ও রিভলবার নিয়ে তাদের উপর আক্রমণ চালায়। এতে একজন ধর্মঘটী তাৎক্ষণিকভাবে নিহত হন, আরও পাঁচ-ছয়জন গুরুতর আহত হন এবং আরও অনেকে আহত হন। ১৮৮৬ সালের ১ মে-এর ঘটনা আমাদের মনে করিয়ে দেয় যে শ্রমিকরা যতক্ষণ না উঠে দাঁড়ায় এবং উন্নত কর্মপরিবেশ, উন্নত বেতন এবং উন্নত জীবন লাভের জন্য কথা না বলে, ততক্ষণ পর্যন্ত তাদের উপর শোষণ অব্যাহত থাকবে। Ad Ad Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.                 May Day or International Workers Day is observed on May 1 all over the world today to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an eight-hour workday. It is a public holiday in almost all the countries of the world. Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US, the workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift, fourteen or even more hours a day. On May 1st in 1886, inspired by the trade unions, half of the workers at the McCormic Harvester Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight-hour workday. Two days later, a workers’ rally was held near the McCormic Hervester Company and about 6000 workers had joined it. The rally was addressed by the labour leaders. They urged the workers to stand together, to go on with their struggle and not to give in to their bosses. Just at this moment some strikebreakers started leaving the meeting place. The strikers went down the street to bring them back. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers. One striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many of them were badly injured. The events of May 1, 1886 is a reminder that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         International Workers Day is observed on ―. (i) May 10                (ii) May 01                  (iii) June 26                 (iv) July 25 b)         The objective of May Day was to establish ― workday. (i) a six-hour            (ii) an eight-hour          (iii) an eighteen-hour   (iv) a seven-hour c)         The workers had been working 14 or even more hours a day since ― Revolution. (i) Green                  (ii) French                    (iii) Industrial               (iv) European d)         The events of ― was a reminder. (i) May 1, 1886        (ii) May 1, 1868           (iii) June 1, 1886          (iv) June 1, 1868 e)         The ― were working fourteen or even more bours a day. (i) students               (ii) farmers                  (iii) doctors                  (iv) workers f)          About ― workers joined the rally. (i) 600                      (ii) 6000                      (iii) 1600                     (iv) 160 g)         The rally was addressed by the ―. (i) labourers             (ii) political leaders      (iii) labour leaders        (iv) public leaders 2. Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What lesson do you get from the events of 1st May 1886? b)         Why is May Day observed today? c)         How many workers were killed and injured? d)         What was the demand of the workers? e)         How long did the working people have to work since industrial revolution? Answer: 1.      a (ii) May 01; b. (ii) an eight-hour; c. (ii) Industrial; d. (i) May 1, 1886; e. (iv) workers; f. (ii) 6000; g. (iii) labour leaders; h. (i) bosses; i. (iv) 200policemen; j. (iv) none of them; k. (i) motivate; l. (iv) surrender; m. (iii) adverb; n. (iv) club and revolver. 2.      a. We get lesson from the events of 1 st May 1886 that workers all over the world should be united for their better working conditions, better pay and better lives. b. Today May Day is observed to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an eight hour workday. c. Many workers were victimized for taking part in the strike. One striker was killed, five or six were wounded and many of the workers were badly injured. d. Eight hour workday was the demand of the workers. e. The working people had to work fourteen or even more hours a day since industrial revolution. Ad

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.    Traditional childhood pastimes of climbing trees and playing conkers are in decline, according to survey by the RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds). It’s a charitable organisation registered in England and Wales. The survey shows that people under 34 recall far fewer such childhood outdoor experiences than their counterparts over 55, according to a survey by RSPB. People were asked which of 12 outdoor experiences they could remember during their childhood. The answer included making dens, daisy chains, climbing trees, playing conkers and feeding birds. Four out of five boys climbed trees and the same number of girls made daisy chains. But the survey showed the numbers declining among the newer generations. Some 15% more of those aged over 55 had these outdoor experiences in their childhood, compared with those between 15-34 years old. Some 92% of the public agreed that experiences of nature were still important to children, and 82% agreed that schools should play a role in providing them to all children. The survey has highlighted the positive impact of contact with nature on a child’s education, health, wellbeing and social skills. At the same time, there has been a decline in these opportunities, with negative consequences for children, families and society – a condition now known as nature deficit disorder. Mike Clarke, chief executive of the RSPB, will meet parliament members on Tuesday to urge the government to join other organisations in providing children with first-hand experiences of the natural environment. … “We believe this guidance should include the many positive impacts to children of having contact with nature and learning outside the classroom.” [adapted from BBC news 6 September 2010] 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a. The text focuses on the ― of Nature. (i) importance        (ii) bounty                   (iii) cruelty                   (iv) demerits b. There has a ― change in the forms of pastime activities. (i) vivid                  (ii) insignificant           (iii) worthless               (iv) ruthless c. The conventional pastime activities are on the way to ―. (i) extinct               (ii) boosting                 (iii) increase                 (iv) enhancement d. In the passage the term ‘recall’ denotes ―. (i) domain              (ii) recollect                 (iii) calling again          (iv) call e. Climbing a tree is a ― pastime activity to many people. (i) conventional     (ii) new                        (iii) unconventional     (iv) unorthodox f. The new generations are no more ― older forms of pastime activities. (i) entering             (ii) satisfied with          (iii) detached               (iv) separated from g. Nature helps a child grow in a/an ― way. (i) evil                    (ii) balanced                (iii) rival                      (iv) imbalanced 2.         Answer the following questions.                                                 2×5 = 10 a)         What do you mean by pastime? b)         What is the condition of conventional forms of pastime activities? c)         What does the survey of RSPB reveal? d)         What do you mean by outdoor games? e)         What is your pastime activity? Answer: 1.      a. (i) importance; b. (i) vivid; c. (i) extinct; d. (ii) recollect; e. (i) conventional; f. (ii) satisfied with; g. (ii) balanced; h. (i) incomplete; i. (iii) informal; j. (ii) recommends; k. (i) abbreviation. 2.      a. By ‘pastime’ we mean any kind of work we enjoy doing but this is not our routine work or usual work. In other words, this is our leisure activity. b. The conventional forms of pastime activities are waning gradually. c, The survey of RSPB reveals that people under 34 recall far fewer childhood outdoor experiences than their counter parts over 55. d. By outdoor games, we mean some games played outside rather in a building. e. My pastime activity is angling,, reading story books, watching TV, etc. Schools are important as they may provide children with the learning of Nature. Bangla Translation আরএসপিবি (রয়্যাল সোসাইটি ফর দ্য প্রোটেকশন অফ বার্ডস) এর জরিপ অনুযায়ী, গাছে ওঠা এবং কনকার খেলার ঐতিহ্যবাহী শৈশবের বিনোদন ক্রমশ হ্রাস পাচ্ছে। এটি ইংল্যান্ড এবং ওয়েলসে নিবন্ধিত একটি দাতব্য সংস্থা। জরিপে দেখা গেছে যে ৩৪ বছরের কম বয়সীরা ৫৫ বছরের বেশি বয়সীদের তুলনায় অনেক কম শৈশবের বাইরের অভিজ্ঞতা স্মরণ করে, আরএসপিবি-র একটি জরিপ অনুযায়ী। লোকেদের জিজ্ঞাসা করা হয়েছিল যে শৈশবে তারা ১২টি বাইরের অভিজ্ঞতার মধ্যে কোনটি মনে রাখতে পারে। উত্তরের মধ্যে ছিল গর্ত তৈরি, ডেইজি চেইন তৈরি, গাছে ওঠা, কনকার খেলা এবং পাখিদের খাওয়ানো। পাঁচজনের মধ্যে চারজন ছেলে গাছে উঠেছিল এবং একই সংখ্যক মেয়ে ডেইজি চেইন তৈরি করেছিল। কিন্তু জরিপে দেখা গেছে যে নতুন প্রজন্মের মধ্যে এই সংখ্যা হ্রাস পাচ্ছে। ১৫-৩৪ বছর বয়সীদের তুলনায় ৫৫ বছরের বেশি বয়সীদের মধ্যে প্রায় ১৫% বেশি তাদের শৈশবে এই বাইরের অভিজ্ঞতা ছিল। প্রায় ৯২% জন একমত যে প্রকৃতির অভিজ্ঞতা এখনও শিশুদের জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ, এবং ৮২% একমত যে স্কুলগুলি সমস্ত শিশুদের জন্য এই অভিজ্ঞতা প্রদানে ভূমিকা পালন করা উচিত। জরিপে শিশুর শিক্ষা, স্বাস্থ্য, সুস্থতা এবং সামাজিক দক্ষতার উপর প্রকৃতির সংস্পর্শের ইতিবাচক প্রভাব তুলে ধরা হয়েছে। একই সাথে, এই সুযোগগুলি হ্রাস পেয়েছে, যার ফলে শিশু, পরিবার এবং সমাজের উপর নেতিবাচক প্রভাব পড়েছে - এই অবস্থাটি এখন প্রকৃতির ঘাটতিজনিত ব্যাধি নামে পরিচিত। RSPB-এর প্রধান নির্বাহী মাইক ক্লার্ক মঙ্গলবার সংসদ সদস্যদের সাথে দেখা করে সরকারকে প্রাকৃতিক পরিবেশের প্রত্যক্ষ অভিজ্ঞতা প্রদানে অন্যান্য সংস্থার সাথে যোগ দেওয়ার আহ্বান জানাবেন। … "আমরা বিশ্বাস করি এই নির্দেশিকাতে প্রকৃতির সংস্পর্শে আসার এবং শ্রেণীকক্ষের বাইরে শেখার শিশুদের উপর অনেক ইতিবাচক প্রভাব অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা উচিত।" Ad Ad

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.    With the curtains closing on the 2012 London Olympics, it’s impossible not to look back and reflect on the greatest performances by Olympic athletes. The Olympics have many memorable moments and athletes we’ll remember by name alone. The list is quite big. Michael Phelps and Usain Bolt are the latest addition to this list of the bests. They make London Olympics stand apart.  If there is any question like this: “What is the standout performance of London 2012?”, perhaps the answer is “ The London Games gave us Michael Phelps vs. Usain Bolt.” The first one is an already decorated Olympian, who puts the finishing touches on his great athletic careers. And another comes up with a new definition of fast. Two of the most popular Olympic sports, sprinting and swimming, saw their two biggest stars and captivated audiences. They’d also dominated the 2008 Beijing Games, but Phelps and Bolt cemented their legacies in London. Phelps, the American swimmer, passed gymnast Larissa Latynia for the most Olympic medals ever. Bolt was the third man to repeat as a 100-meter gold medalist and the first as a 200-meter gold medalist, and he broke his own Olympic record by running the 100 in 9.63 seconds. Once Phelps and Bolt were back in their pool and track, the story lines changed. Phelps is the most-decorated Olympian ever, with 22 overall medals: 18 gold, two silver, two bronze. Bolt is the most accomplished Olympic sprinter, with the unprecedented double, making clear that he’s the fastest man in the world. But there’s a debate: Who had the better Olympics? It’d be tough to top Phelps’ eight gold medals in Beijing, but what if we’re only talking London? London was Phelps’ grand finale. He won four golds and two silvers in seven events, and he says he’ll never race again. London was Bolt’s chance to prove he’s still the greatest. Bolt wins six gold medals in six Olympic finals. He is the first man ever in the history of the modern Games to sweep the 100 and 200 in back-to-back Olympics. Not to mention the addition of back-to-back relay golds. And Bolt became a legend, in his own words. Phelps already was. Bolt is just 25 years old, so there is no telling how long he can be on top of the sprinting world. What if he decides to “retire” from sprinting to focus on the 400 meters, just to break another world record or two? It would be amazing—and entirely plausible for him to accomplish. Who had the better 2012 Games? You tell us, let the debate begin. 1.Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 In the passage the word ‘cemented’ implies―. (i) strengthened        (ii) mortar                    (iii) concrete                (iv) ceramic The term ‘Olympics’ is ― from the town of Olympia. (i) derive                  (ii) meaning                 (iii) derived                  (iv) originating These two athletes’ reputations are ― recognized. (i) globally               (ii) nationally               (iii) provincially           (iv) locally The success of these two legends will ―. (i) go in vain                                                (ii) remain unforgettable (iii) spear                                                     (iv) unforgettable Phelps excels others in ―. (i) sprinting              (ii) shooting                 (iii) swimming             (iv) boxing Michael Phelps has the ― nationality. (i) Indo                    (ii) Americana             (iii) native American    (iv) British Who is the fastest man in the planet? (i) Thatcher              (ii) John                       (iii) Phelps                   (iv) Bolt 2.         Answer the following questions.                                                                           2×5 = 10 a)         What makes London Olympic 2012 exceptionally sensational? b)         How are Phelps and Bolt brilliantly similar and different? c)         Between these two Olympians who has bagged the highest honor within the same time framework? d)         What is special in Bolt so far? e)         How does Bolt evaluate himself? Answer: 1.      a. (i) strengthened; b. (iii) derived; c. (i) globally; d. (ii) remain unforgettable; e. (iii) swimming; f. (iii) native American; g. (iv) Bolt; h. (ii) Bolt; i. (iii) reasonable; j. (iii) Bolt. 2.      a. The extraordinary and unparalleled performance of the two athletes- Phelps and Bolt makes London Olympic 2012 exceptionally sensational. b. Phelps and Bolt are brilliantly similar in that they both have the highest records but they are different in that they have the highest records in two different fields and the former is about to bid farewell whereas the latter is still a fresh one in this field. c. Phelps has bagged the highest honor between these two Olympians within the same time framework. d. The specialty in Bolt so far is his being the most accomplished and fastest Olympic sprinter with the unprecedented double. e. Bolt evaluates himself as a legend. Bangla Translation ২০১২ সালের লন্ডন অলিম্পিকের শেষের দিকে, পিছনে ফিরে না তাকিয়ে অলিম্পিক ক্রীড়াবিদদের সেরা পারফর্মেন্সের কথা চিন্তা না করে থাকা অসম্ভব। অলিম্পিকে অনেক স্মরণীয় মুহূর্ত এবং ক্রীড়াবিদ রয়েছে যাদের আমরা কেবল নাম ধরেই মনে রাখব। তালিকাটি বেশ বড়। মাইকেল ফেলপস এবং উসাইন বোল্ট হলেন সেরাদের এই তালিকার সর্বশেষ সংযোজন। তারা লন্ডন অলিম্পিককে আলাদা করে তোলে। যদি এই ধরণের কোনও প্রশ্ন থাকে: "২০১২ সালের লন্ডনের অসাধারণ পারফর্মেন্স কী?", তাহলে সম্ভবত উত্তরটি হবে "লন্ডন গেমস আমাদের মাইকেল ফেলপস বনাম উসাইন বোল্ট দিয়েছে।" প্রথমটি ইতিমধ্যেই একজন সম্মানিত অলিম্পিয়ান, যিনি তার দুর্দান্ত অ্যাথলেটিক ক্যারিয়ারে চূড়ান্ত ছোঁয়া দেন। এবং আরেকটি দ্রুততার একটি নতুন সংজ্ঞা নিয়ে আসে। অলিম্পিকের সবচেয়ে জনপ্রিয় দুটি খেলা, স্প্রিন্টিং এবং সাঁতার, তাদের দুই বৃহত্তম তারকাকে দেখেছিল এবং দর্শকদের মুগ্ধ করেছিল। তারা ২০০৮ সালের বেইজিং গেমসেও আধিপত্য বিস্তার করেছিল, কিন্তু ফেলপস এবং বোল্ট লন্ডনে তাদের ঐতিহ্যকে দৃঢ় করে তুলেছিল। আমেরিকান সাঁতারু ফেলপস, জিমন্যাস্ট লারিসা ল্যাটিনিয়াকে ছাড়িয়ে সর্বাধিক অলিম্পিক পদক জিমন্যাস্ট লারিসা ল্যাটিনিয়াকে ছাড়িয়ে গেছেন। বোল্ট ছিলেন ১০০ মিটার স্বর্ণপদক জয়ী তৃতীয় ব্যক্তি এবং ২০০ মিটার স্বর্ণপদক জয়ী প্রথম ব্যক্তি। ৯.৬৩ সেকেন্ডে ১০০ দৌড়ে তিনি নিজের অলিম্পিক রেকর্ড ভেঙে ফেলেন। ফেলপস এবং বোল্ট যখন তাদের পুল এবং ট্র্যাকে ফিরে আসেন, তখন গল্পের ধারা বদলে যায়। ফেলপস সর্বকালের সবচেয়ে সজ্জিত অলিম্পিয়ান, যার মোট ২২টি পদক রয়েছে: ১৮টি স্বর্ণ, দুটি রৌপ্য, দুটি ব্রোঞ্জ। বোল্ট অভূতপূর্ব দ্বিগুণ সহ, স্পষ্ট করে দেন যে তিনি বিশ্বের দ্রুততম পুরুষ। কিন্তু একটি বিতর্ক আছে: কে সেরা অলিম্পিক জিতেছে? বেইজিংয়ে ফেলপসের আটটি স্বর্ণপদককে ছাড়িয়ে যাওয়া কঠিন হবে, কিন্তু যদি আমরা কেবল লন্ডনের কথা বলি? লন্ডন ছিল ফেলপসের গ্র্যান্ড ফিনালে। তিনি সাতটি ইভেন্টে চারটি স্বর্ণ এবং দুটি রৌপ্য জিতেছিলেন এবং তিনি বলেছেন যে তিনি আর কখনও দৌড়বেন না। লন্ডন ছিল বোল্টের জন্য নিজেকে এখনও সেরা প্রমাণ করার সুযোগ। বোল্ট ছয়টি অলিম্পিক ফাইনালে ছয়টি স্বর্ণপদক জিতেছেন। আধুনিক গেমসের ইতিহাসে তিনিই প্রথম ব্যক্তি যিনি পর পর দুটি অলিম্পিকে ১০০ এবং ২০০ মিটারে স্বর্ণপদক জয় করেছেন। পর পর দুটি রিলে স্বর্ণপদক জয়ের কথা তো বাদই দিলাম। আর বোল্ট একজন কিংবদন্তি হয়ে উঠেছেন, তার নিজের ভাষায়। ফেলপস ইতিমধ্যেই ছিলেন। বোল্টের বয়স মাত্র ২৫ বছর, তাই তিনি কতক্ষণ দৌড়ের জগতের শীর্ষে থাকতে পারবেন তা বলা যাচ্ছে না। যদি তিনি ৪০০ মিটার দৌড় থেকে "অবসর" নিয়ে ৪০০ মিটারে মনোযোগ দেওয়ার সিদ্ধান্ত নেন, কেবল আরেকটি বা দুটি বিশ্ব রেকর্ড ভাঙার জন্য? তাহলে কী হবে আশ্চর্যজনক - এবং তার পক্ষে অর্জন করা সম্পূর্ণরূপে প্রশংসনীয়। ২০১২ গেমসের সেরাটা কার ছিল? আপনি বলুন, বিতর্ক শুরু হোক। Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.           Hi, I’m Shyam. I’m from Magura. Though a district headquarters, it’s a small town. I’m in grade 9 now in Chander Hut Bidyaloya. I love games and sports very much. My father was an athlete in his student life. He inspires me to follow his footsteps and take part in games and sports or do some exercise besides my studies. So I get up early in the morning and take a walk with my father almost every day. We walk for about an hour. At school, during break I play kabadi, gollachut, badminton, table tennis, and carom. Sometimes I practise the high jump and the long jump outside the school campus. Playing football in the nearest college ground is a passion for me. I like watching television too. I watch sports programmes on different TV channels during my free times. I’m a fan of National Geographic, Discovery, and Animal Planet for their documentaries as they are quite interesting as well as educative. Recently my father has presented me with a flashy camera as he was very happy with my junior secondary scholarship exams. When I hold the camera, I feel so excited! I wish I could be an amateur photographer in future – not to snap only personal photographs at different parties but to shoot our beautiful Bangladesh. I’m sure that soon photography will be my most favourite pastime.   1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 Shyam is a/an―. (i) early riser            (ii) lazy man                (iii) lethargic person     (iv) idle person Shyam is fond of ― very much. (i) reading                (ii) writing                    (iii) talking                   (iv) games and sports Shyam’s father encourages him to ― in games and sports. (i) participate           (ii) debar                      (iii) refrain                   (iv) take back Shyam and his father go out for a morning walk for ― hour. (i) about half an       (ii) half an                    (iii) an                          (iv) about an In the passage ‘Pastime’ means ―. (i) time which is past                                    (ii) time which is spent (iii) hobby                                                   (iv) time which has been enjoyed Shyam ― from Magura. (i) departs                (ii) departed                 (iii) hails                      (iv) hail Shyam practices high- jump and long-jump―. (i) sometime             (ii) sometimes              (iii) some time              (iv) some times 2.         Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What do you know regarding Magura? b)         What does Shyam do during break at school? c)         Why is he a fan of the National Geographic and Discovery channels? d)         What is Shyam’s passion? e)         Why has Shyam’s father presented him with a flashy camera? Answer: 1.a. (i) early riser; b. (iv) games and sports; c. (i) participate; d. (iv) about an; e. (iii) hobby; f. (iii) hails; g. (ii) sometimes;   2. Magura is a district headquarters and it is a small town. Shyam plays kabadi, gollachut, badminton, table tennis and carom during break at school. He is a fan of these channels because they provide him with instruction and pleasure. Shyam’s passion is to play football in the nearest college ground. Shyam’s father has presented him with a flashy camera as he is very happy with Shyam’s result. Shyam is a student. He is now in grade ‘9’ in Chander Hut Bidyaloya of Magura. Bangla Translation হাই, আমি শ্যাম। আমি মাগুরা থেকে এসেছি। জেলা সদর হলেও, এটি একটি ছোট শহর। আমি এখন চান্দের হাট বিদ্যালয়ে নবম শ্রেণীতে পড়ি। আমি খেলাধুলা খুব পছন্দ করি। আমার বাবা ছাত্রজীবনে একজন ক্রীড়াবিদ ছিলেন। তিনি আমাকে তার পদাঙ্ক অনুসরণ করতে এবং খেলাধুলায় অংশ নিতে বা পড়াশোনার পাশাপাশি কিছু ব্যায়াম করতে অনুপ্রাণিত করেন। তাই আমি খুব সকালে উঠে প্রায় প্রতিদিন বাবার সাথে হাঁটতে যাই। আমরা প্রায় এক ঘন্টা হাঁটি। স্কুলে, বিরতির সময় আমি কাবাডি, গোল্লাছুট, ব্যাডমিন্টন, টেবিল টেনিস এবং ক্যারম খেলি। মাঝে মাঝে আমি স্কুল ক্যাম্পাসের বাইরে হাই জাম্প এবং লং জাম্প অনুশীলন করি। নিকটতম কলেজ মাঠে ফুটবল খেলা আমার জন্য একটি আবেগ। আমি টেলিভিশন দেখতেও পছন্দ করি। আমার অবসর সময়ে আমি বিভিন্ন টিভি চ্যানেলে ক্রীড়া অনুষ্ঠান দেখি। আমি ন্যাশনাল জিওগ্রাফিক, ডিসকভারি এবং অ্যানিমেল প্ল্যানেটের একজন ভক্ত কারণ তাদের তথ্যচিত্রগুলি বেশ আকর্ষণীয় এবং শিক্ষণীয়। সম্প্রতি আমার বাবা আমাকে একটি ঝলমলে ক্যামেরা উপহার দিয়েছেন কারণ তিনি আমার জুনিয়র সেকেন্ডারি স্কলারশিপ পরীক্ষায় খুব খুশি ছিলেন। যখন আমি ক্যামেরা ধরি, তখন আমার খুব উত্তেজিত লাগে! ভবিষ্যতে যদি আমি একজন অপেশাদার আলোকচিত্রী হতে পারতাম - বিভিন্ন পার্টিতে কেবল ব্যক্তিগত ছবি তোলার জন্য নয়, বরং আমাদের সুন্দর বাংলাদেশের ছবি তোলার জন্য।  আমি নিশ্চিত যে শীঘ্রই ফটোগ্রাফি আমার সবচেয়ে প্রিয় বিনোদন হয়ে উঠবে। Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.           A responsibility is a duty or an obligation TO DO something. For example, you have the responsibility to take care of your parents in their old age, to attend school and pursue your studies properly and so on. You have also the responsibility to society and the government, e.g. to help a neighbour in trouble or to cast your vote if you are 18 or over. A responsibility is also an obligation or a duty NOT TO DO something. For example, you have the responsibility not to steal a book from a public library or not to put your building materials on the footpath. These are your responsibilities as citizens. But there are responsibilities of the government as well. Our government has the responsibilities to provide for its citizens “the basic necessities of life, including food, clothing, shelter, education and medical care”. The government also has the responsibilities to protect the fundamental rights of its citizens to freedom of speech and expression, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, equality of all before law2 etc. The knowledge, skills and attitudes you have gained at home, at school and in society will help you to accept your responsibilities and to carry them out effectively. Remember, discharging your responsibilities will be good for you, good for your family and friends, and good for your society and country as a whole. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives.                              1×7=7 a)         A ― is an obligation to do and not to do things. (i) punctuality        (ii) responsibility         (iii) honesty                 (iv) sincerity b)         We should ― school regularly. (i)   be absent in     (ii) be present from      (iii) be inattentive in     (iv) attend c)         It is our duty to ― neighbour in problems. (i) do harm to         (ii) help                        (iii) exploit                   (iv) praise d)         The govt has the responsibility to protect the ― rights of its citizens. (i) birth                  (ii) fundame`ntal         (iii) educate                 (iv) medicare e)         One can cast his vote if he is ― or over. (i) 16                      (ii) 12                          (iii) 20                         (iv) 18 f)          What part of speech is ‘Responsibility’? (i) verb                   (ii) adverb                    (iii) adjective               (iv) noun g)         What does the word ‘Responsibility’ mean? (i) something that it is your job or duty to deal with (ii) a tough job (iii) something which should not be done (iv) something which must be done 2.         Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10 a)         What do you mean by responsibility? b)         When can you cast your vote? c)         What should you do when a neighbour faces problems? d)         What are the responsibilities of the government? e)         What are your responsibilities? Answer: 1.      a. (ii) responsibility; b. (iv) attend; c. (ii) help; d. (ii) fundamental; e. (i) 18; f. (iv) noun; g. (i) something that it is your job or duty to deal with;   2.      Responsibility is a duty or obligation to do things and not to do things. a.       We can cast our vote when we are 18 years or above. b.      We should help a neighbour when he faces problems. c.       The responsibilities of the government are to provide for its citizens the basic necessities of life as well as to protect the fundamental rights of its citizens. d.      Our responsibilities are to take care of our parents, to attend school and pursue our studies properly, to cast our vote, to help a neighbour in problems. It is also our responsibilities not to steal a book from a library, not to keep building wastes on the footpath. e.       We have the responsibility to the society and to the government. Bangla Translation দায়িত্ব হলো কিছু করার একটি কর্তব্য বা বাধ্যবাধকতা। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, আপনার বাবা-মায়ের বৃদ্ধ বয়সে তাদের যত্ন নেওয়া, স্কুলে যাওয়া এবং সঠিকভাবে পড়াশোনা করা ইত্যাদি দায়িত্ব আপনার। সমাজ এবং সরকারের প্রতিও আপনার দায়িত্ব রয়েছে, যেমন সমস্যায় পড়া প্রতিবেশীকে সাহায্য করা অথবা আপনার বয়স ১৮ বছর বা তার বেশি হলে আপনার ভোট দেওয়া। দায়িত্ব হলো কিছু না করার একটি বাধ্যবাধকতা বা কর্তব্য। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, আপনার দায়িত্ব হল পাবলিক লাইব্রেরি থেকে বই চুরি না করা বা আপনার নির্মাণ সামগ্রী ফুটপাতে না রাখা। নাগরিক হিসেবে এগুলো আপনার দায়িত্ব। কিন্তু সরকারেরও কিছু দায়িত্ব রয়েছে। আমাদের সরকারের নাগরিকদের "জীবনের মৌলিক চাহিদা, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে খাদ্য, বস্ত্র, আশ্রয়, শিক্ষা এবং চিকিৎসা" প্রদানের দায়িত্ব রয়েছে। নাগরিকদের মৌলিক অধিকার যেমন বাক ও মত প্রকাশের স্বাধীনতা, সংবাদপত্রের স্বাধীনতা, ধর্মীয় স্বাধীনতা, আইনের দৃষ্টিতে সকলের সমতা ইত্যাদি রক্ষা করার দায়িত্বও সরকারের। আপনার বাড়িতে, স্কুলে এবং সমাজে অর্জিত জ্ঞান, দক্ষতা এবং মনোভাব আপনাকে আপনার দায়িত্ব গ্রহণ করতে এবং কার্যকরভাবে পালন করতে সাহায্য করবে। মনে রাখবেন, আপনার দায়িত্ব পালন আপনার জন্য, আপনার পরিবার এবং বন্ধুদের জন্য এবং আপনার সমাজ এবং সামগ্রিকভাবে দেশের জন্য মঙ্গলজনক হবে। Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it To be a good citizen, you have to prepare yourself to do good work in society. Well, then how can you prepare yourself? First, you need knowledge. Today’s society is knowledge-based. Without knowing modern sciences, technologies including ICT and other necessary subjects, you will have difficulty living a good life. The other areas you, as a good citizen, should have knowledge about are: •           our country, its constitution, geography and people •           our state, its executive and legislative powers •           our judicial system •           our government and its structures and functions •           our history, cultures, traditions, literature, moral values and religions •           our socio-economic activities and educational system Second, you need skills to do things. Knowledge is not enough. You must be able to apply your knowledge to do things practically. Finally, knowing and doing things will bring about a change in your behaviour towards others. This behavioural change will show your attitudes towards others, that is, it will show how you think and feel about a person or thing. Let’s take an example. Suppose you, as a student, need to know about ‘group work’ in the classroom. So you ask yourself or your teacher or anybody, “What is group work?” Or you may find about it in a book. In this way, you can know, or you may have the knowledge about group work: To do group work, the class has to be divided into groups. Each group is to do some tasks given by the teacher or in the textbook. The group members will discuss and share ideas and points, and finally one member will write the answer. All this is knowledge about group work. Then you start working in groups. In each group you take turns discussing points, answering questions, etc. In this way you actually do the task. Your teacher may monitor and help you to do the work. Lastly, through regular group work it is expected that there will be noticeable changes in your behaviour. Possible changes are: •           You will develop the attitude of freely mixing and talking with your classmates and teacher. •           Your shyness will gradually disappear. •           You will develop the attitude of helping and cooperating with each other. •           You will learn to behave in a democratic way. Most importantly, these behavioural changes taking place in you inside the classroom will be carried over outside the classroom, in real-life situations. 1.         Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7 a)         Students should have the knowledge regarding ―. (i) society               (ii) country                  (iii) group work           (iv) groups b)         The right person, to monitor or supervise you, is ―. (i) father                (ii) mother                   (iii) brother                  (iv) teacher c)         You should have the quality to behave ―. (i) smartly              (ii) gently                     (iii) democratically      (iv) firmly d)         At one point, a remarkable change will grow ―. (i) in your mind      (ii) in your heart           (iii) in your behaviour  (iv) in your brain e)         You have to practice doing good deeds in ―. (i) home                 (ii) abroad                    (iii) classroom              (iv) society f)          To be a good citizen you will have to prepare yourself to do good work in ―. (i) class room         (ii) family                    (iii) school                   (iv) society g)         Knowing and doing things will bring about a change in your ― towards others. (i) behaviour          (ii) ritual                      (iii) belief                    (iv) face 2.         Answer the following questions.                                                                                              2×5 = 10 a)         What will you have to do to be a good citizen? b)         What other areas of knowledge should you have about? c)         Why do you need skill? d)         What will bring about a change in your behaviour towards others? e)         What should you have knowledge about in the classroom? Answer: 1.      a. (iii) group work; b. (iv) teacher; c. (iii) democratically; d. (iii) in your behaviour; e. (iv) society; f. (iv) society; g. (i) behaviour;   2.      a. We will have to prepare ourselves to do good deeds in society to be a good citizen. b.The other areas we should have knowledge about are as follows―. (i) our country (ii) our executive, legislative and judicial system (iii) our government (iv) our history, culture, religion and educational system c.We need skills to apply our knowledge in practical situations. d.The process of knowing and doing things will bring about a change in our behaviour towards others. e.We should have knowledge about group work in the classroom. A noticeable change will take place in our conduct through regular group work. The probable changes are likely to be in our department are as follows―. (i) attitude of freely mixing and taking (ii) disappearance of shyness (iii) attitude of helping and co-operating (iv) democratic behaviour Bangla Translation একজন ভালো নাগরিক হতে হলে, সমাজে ভালো কাজ করার জন্য নিজেকে প্রস্তুত করতে হবে। আচ্ছা, তাহলে তুমি কীভাবে নিজেকে প্রস্তুত করবে? প্রথমত, তোমার জ্ঞানের প্রয়োজন। আজকের সমাজ জ্ঞান-ভিত্তিক। আধুনিক বিজ্ঞান, প্রযুক্তি, আইসিটি এবং অন্যান্য প্রয়োজনীয় বিষয় না জানলে, তোমার ভালো জীবনযাপন করা কঠিন হবে। একজন ভালো নাগরিক হিসেবে তোমার অন্যান্য যেসব বিষয় সম্পর্কে জ্ঞান থাকা উচিত সেগুলো হলো: • আমাদের দেশ, এর সংবিধান, ভূগোল এবং জনগণ • আমাদের রাষ্ট্র, এর নির্বাহী ও আইন প্রণয়ন ক্ষমতা • আমাদের বিচার ব্যবস্থা • আমাদের সরকার এবং এর কাঠামো ও কার্যাবলী • আমাদের ইতিহাস, সংস্কৃতি, ঐতিহ্য, সাহিত্য, নৈতিক মূল্যবোধ এবং ধর্ম • আমাদের আর্থ-সামাজিক কার্যকলাপ এবং শিক্ষা ব্যবস্থা দ্বিতীয়ত, কাজ করার জন্য দক্ষতার প্রয়োজন। জ্ঞানই যথেষ্ট নয়। তোমার জ্ঞানকে বাস্তবে প্রয়োগ করতে সক্ষম হতে হবে। পরিশেষে, জিনিস জানা এবং করা অন্যদের প্রতি তোমার আচরণে পরিবর্তন আনবে। এই আচরণগত পরিবর্তন অন্যদের প্রতি তোমার মনোভাব দেখাবে, অর্থাৎ, এটি দেখাবে যে তুমি কোন ব্যক্তি বা জিনিস সম্পর্কে কেমন ভাবো এবং অনুভব করো। আসুন একটি উদাহরণ নিই। ধরো, একজন ছাত্র হিসেবে তোমার শ্রেণীকক্ষে 'দলগত কাজ' সম্পর্কে জানা দরকার। তাই তুমি নিজেকে, তোমার শিক্ষককে বা অন্য কাউকে জিজ্ঞাসা করো, "দলগত কাজ কী?" অথবা তুমি হয়তো একটি বইতে এটি সম্পর্কে জানতে পারো। এইভাবে, তুমি জানতে পারো, অথবা তোমার দলগত কাজ সম্পর্কে জ্ঞান থাকতে পারে: দলগত কাজ করার জন্য, ক্লাসকে দলে ভাগ করতে হবে। প্রতিটি দলকে শিক্ষকের দেওয়া কিছু কাজ করতে হবে অথবা পাঠ্যপুস্তকে কিছু বিষয় লিখতে হবে। দলের সদস্যরা আলোচনা করবে এবং ধারণা এবং পয়েন্ট শেয়ার করবে, এবং অবশেষে একজন সদস্য উত্তর লিখবে। এই সবই দলগত কাজ সম্পর্কে জ্ঞান। তারপর তুমি দলে কাজ শুরু করো। প্রতিটি দলে তুমি পালাক্রমে পয়েন্ট নিয়ে আলোচনা করবে, প্রশ্নের উত্তর দেবে, ইত্যাদি। এইভাবে তুমি আসলে কাজটি করবে। তোমার শিক্ষক তোমাকে কাজটি করতে সাহায্য করতে এবং পর্যবেক্ষণ করতে পারেন। পরিশেষে, নিয়মিত দলগত কাজের মাধ্যমে আপনার আচরণে লক্ষণীয় পরিবর্তন আসবে বলে আশা করা হচ্ছে। সম্ভাব্য পরিবর্তনগুলি হল: • আপনি আপনার সহপাঠী এবং শিক্ষকের সাথে অবাধে মেলামেশা এবং কথা বলার মনোভাব গড়ে তুলবেন। • আপনার লজ্জা ধীরে ধীরে অদৃশ্য হয়ে যাবে। • আপনি একে অপরকে সাহায্য এবং সহযোগিতা করার মনোভাব গড়ে তুলবেন। • আপনি গণতান্ত্রিকভাবে আচরণ করতে শিখবেন। সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয় হল, শ্রেণীকক্ষের ভিতরে আপনার মধ্যে যে আচরণগত পরিবর্তনগুলি ঘটছে তা শ্রেণীকক্ষের বাইরে, বাস্তব জীবনের পরিস্থিতিতেও প্রয়োগ করা হবে। Ad Ad

Part A : Reading Test Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it Long ago, a young man found life in the family in his village full of problems and sufferings. Quarrels, ill-feelings, jealously, enmity – all were parts of everyday life there. So he left his house and went to a jungle to live by himself. There he made a nice little hut with wood, bamboo and reeds. “Ah, how happy I am here!” said the man to himself. But one day he found some mice in his hut. The little creatures soon made holes in his blanket. So he brought a cat to kill the mice. The cat needed milk. So he brought a cow. The cow needed grass and hay. So he brought a cowboy. The cowboy needed food. So he took a wife to cook meals. Then children were born to them, and the man found himself again in a family. So nobody can live alone, unless they are either angels or devils.  People need food, shelter, companions and cooperation. They need to help each other. And if they live in a family or community, their need can be fulfilled. Hence living in society can make people good and happy citizens. 1.         Choose the best answer. 1×7=7 a)         The man made a nice little___ in the jungle. (i) hut                     (ii) cottage                   (iii) building                 (iv) house b)         ― required grass and hay. (i) The cat              (ii) The cow                 (iii) A cow boy            (iv) The rat c)         The young man had to bring ― in order to kill mice. (i) a cow                (ii) a cat                       (iii) a cow boy             (iv) a wife d)         The hut was made with ―. (i) wood, bamboo and brick                       (ii) wood, bamboo and reeds (iii) brick, reeds and bamboo                     (iv) bamboo, reeds and iron rod e)         The man chose ― to live. (i) a locality           (ii) a jungle                  (iii) a family                (iv) a community f)          The young man was beset with― in his life. (i) problems           (ii) hut                         (iii) jungle                    (iv) mice g)         The man thought to be ― in the jungle alone. (i) unhappy            (ii) happy                     (iii) sad                        (iv) needy 2.         Answer the following questions. 2×5=10 a)         Where did the young man go? b)         What did he make a nice little hut with? c)         What did the mice do? d)         Why did he bring a cat? e)         How can need of men be fulfilled?   Answer: 1.      (i) hut; b. (ii) The cow; c. (ii) a cat; d. (ii) wood, bamboo and reeds; e. (ii) a jungle; f. (i) problems; g. (ii) happy;   2.        a)      The young man went to a jungle. b)     He made a nice little hut with wood, bamboo and reeds. c)      The mice made holes in his blanket. d)     He brought a cat to kill the mice. e)      The needs of men can be fulfilled if they live in a family or community. Bangla Translation অনেক দিন আগে, এক যুবক তার গ্রামে সমস্যা ও দুর্দশায় ভরা পরিবার খুঁজে পেয়েছিল। ঝগড়া, বিদ্বেষ, ঈর্ষা, শত্রুতা - সবকিছুই ছিল সেখানকার দৈনন্দিন জীবনের অংশ। তাই সে তার বাড়ি ছেড়ে জঙ্গলে একা থাকার জন্য চলে গেল। সেখানে সে কাঠ, বাঁশ এবং নল দিয়ে একটি সুন্দর ছোট কুঁড়েঘর তৈরি করল। "আহ, আমি এখানে কত খুশি!" লোকটি মনে মনে বলল। কিন্তু একদিন সে তার কুঁড়েঘরে কিছু ইঁদুর দেখতে পেল। ছোট প্রাণীরা শীঘ্রই তার কম্বলে গর্ত করে ফেলল। তাই সে ইঁদুর মারার জন্য একটি বিড়াল নিয়ে এল। বিড়ালের দুধের প্রয়োজন ছিল। তাই সে একটি গরু নিয়ে এল। গরুর ঘাস এবং খড়ের প্রয়োজন ছিল। তাই সে একটি রাখালকে নিয়ে এল। রাখালের খাবারের প্রয়োজন ছিল।  তাই সে খাবার রান্না করার জন্য একজন স্ত্রীকে নিয়ে গেল।  তারপর তাদের সন্তান জন্মগ্রহণ করল, এবং লোকটি আবার নিজেকে একটি পরিবারে খুঁজে পেল। তাই কেউ একা থাকতে পারে না, যদি না তারা হয় ফেরেশতা বা শয়তান হয়। মানুষের খাদ্য, আশ্রয়, সঙ্গী এবং সহযোগিতার প্রয়োজন। তাদের একে অপরকে সাহায্য করা প্রয়োজন। এবং যদি তারা একটি পরিবার বা সম্প্রদায়ে থাকে, তবে তাদের প্রয়োজন পূরণ করা যেতে পারে। তাই সমাজে বসবাস মানুষকে ভালো এবং সুখী নাগরিক করে তুলতে পারে। Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below:   Let's imagine a citizen's ordinary day at work. The morning probably starts with a cup of coffee/tea, followed by greeting the Then comes the inventible which is logging in the computer. For many of us the third step has become an automatic behavior and it dominates the rest of our work day, receiving and sending dozens of emails. An e-mail is an electronic mail. It is a computer aided way of exchanging digital text messages from a sender to one or multiple recipient/s. E-mails operate through a network of computers linked by the Internet. There are commercial server agencies such as Yahoo, Gmail, Ymail, Hotmail, etc. that accept the text message from the sender, forward it and deliver instantly to the digital mailbox of the recipient. If the recipient is not online, the message is stored and delivered later when the recipient is online. It works instantly just with the click of your mouse. It has been a powerful communication tool in modern life.   1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.   (a) E-mail can be sent through ----. (i) mobile      (ii) telephone       (iii) computer         (iv) internet Answer: (a) (iv) Internet   (b)The commercial server agencies----. (i) send the message (ii) accept the message (iii) forward the message (iv) accept and forward the message Answer: (b) (iv) accept and forward the message   (c) The closest meaning of the word 'inevitable' is —. (i) definite               (ii) unavoidable (iii) automatic         (iv) none of them Answer: (c) (ii) unavoidable   (d) The morning of a citizen usually starts with a----. (i) logging in the computer      (ii) a cup of tea/coffee (iii) greeting the colleagues (iv) reading newspaper Answer: (d) (ii) a cup of tea/coffee   (e) Email is a way of communication. (i) reliable                  (ii) speedy (iii) i and ii                  (iv) none of them Answer: (e) (iii) i and ii   (f). In modern time the popularity of email is ----. (i) high                                                (ii) low (iii) unbelievable                     (iv) not mentionable Answer: (f) (iii) unbelievable   (g) The language used in emails is ----. (i) hard                                      (ii) formal (iii) simple and informal        (iv) none of them Answer: (g) (iii) simple and informal   Extra Questions: (1) Computer is an - part of office work. (i) necessary             (ii) unnecessary (iii) essential            (iv) old Answer: (1) (iii) essential   (2) An e-mail is - mail. (i) electric                    (ii) manual (iii) electronic             (iv) verbal Answer: (2) (iii) electronic   (3) People receive and send message. (i) manual                  (ii) digital (iii) verbal                 (iv) postal Answer: (3) (ii) digital   (4) Which of the following statements is true about an automatic behavior? (i) receiving and sending text (ii) operating computer (iii) receiving and sending e-mails (iv) lo gg ing in the computer Answer: (4) (iv) logging in the computer   (5) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'imagine" used in line 1???? (i) to change                 (ii) to guess (iii) to pollute              (iv) to invent Answer: (5) (ii) to guess   (6) Which of the following words indicates the communication tools? (i) E-mail                                (ii) computer (iii) tape recorder               (iv) mail box Answer: (6) (i) E-mail   (7) A mail is received by —. (i) sender                    (ii) postman (iii) recipient              (iv) technician Answer: (7) (iii) recipient   2. Answer the following questions.   (a) For what reason has e-mail been a powerful communication tool in modern life? Answer: (a) Email has been a powerful communication tool in modern life because it is very easy and safe to use.   (b) When is the message stored? Answer: (b) The message is stored if the recipient is not online.   (c) How does a citizen start his day usually? What is the inevitable thing to him? Answer: (c) A citizen usually starts his day with a cup of tea or coffee. And then logging in the computer is the inevitable thing to him.   (d) What is an Email? How much time do you need to send an Email? Answer: (d) Email is an electronic mail. We do not need almost any time as we can send it instantly.   (e) Mention some server agencies' name. Answer: (e) Yahoo, Gmail, Ymail, Hotmail are some of the server agencies.   Extra Questions: (1) How does e-mail operate? Answer: (1) E-mail operates through a network of computers linked by the internet.   (2) What is the main advantage of e-mail? Answer: (2) The main advantage of e-mail is that it works instantly and the message is stored in the recipient's e-mail box even in the absence of the recipient   (3) What are the commercial serve associated with e-mail? Answer: (3) Yahoo, Gmail, Ymail, Hotmail etc. are some of the server agencies associated with e-mail.   (4) What is the third step of a citizen's work? Answer: (4) The third step of a citizen's ordinary day work is logging in the computer.   (5) How is an e-mail termed? Answer: (5) An e-mail is termed as an electronic mail which is a computer aided way of exchanging digital text messages from a sender to one or multiple recipients. Bangla Translation একজন নাগরিকের কর্মক্ষেত্রে সাধারণ দিনের কথা কল্পনা করা যাক। সকালটা সম্ভবত এক কাপ কফি/চা দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তারপর অভিবাদন জানানোর মাধ্যমে। তারপর আসে উদ্ভাবনী যা কম্পিউটারে লগ ইন করে। আমাদের অনেকের কাছে তৃতীয় ধাপটি একটি স্বয়ংক্রিয় আচরণে পরিণত হয়েছে এবং এটি আমাদের কর্মদিবসের বাকি সময়কে প্রাধান্য দেয়, ডজন ডজন ইমেল গ্রহণ এবং প্রেরণ করে। একটি ই-মেইল হল একটি ইলেকট্রনিক মেইল। এটি একজন প্রেরকের কাছ থেকে এক বা একাধিক প্রাপকের কাছে ডিজিটাল টেক্সট বার্তা আদান-প্রদানের একটি কম্পিউটার-সহায়ক উপায়। ই-মেইলগুলি ইন্টারনেটের সাথে সংযুক্ত কম্পিউটারের নেটওয়ার্কের মাধ্যমে কাজ করে। ইয়াহু, জিমেইল, ওয়াইমেইল, হটমেইল ইত্যাদি বাণিজ্যিক সার্ভার এজেন্সি রয়েছে যারা প্রেরকের কাছ থেকে টেক্সট বার্তা গ্রহণ করে, তা ফরোয়ার্ড করে এবং তাৎক্ষণিকভাবে প্রাপকের ডিজিটাল মেলবক্সে পৌঁছে দেয়।  যদি প্রাপক অনলাইনে না থাকে, তাহলে প্রাপক অনলাইনে থাকাকালীন বার্তাটি সংরক্ষণ করা হয় এবং পরে বিতরণ করা হয়।  এটি আপনার মাউসের ক্লিকের মাধ্যমে তাৎক্ষণিকভাবে কাজ করে। এটি আধুনিক জীবনে একটি শক্তিশালী যোগাযোগের হাতিয়ার হয়ে উঠেছে। Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: Have you ever thought of a very creative career? Here you dreamt of a rosy environment full of color and fragrance? How much would you love it if you were placed in a store full of flowers the whole day? I’m just going to give you some clues about such a job which can also be a business. Yes Daisies, violets, tulips, marigolds, dahlias, lilies, jasmines, roses and all those things of beauty can also can you a living if you handle them professionally. If you start such a profession you will be called a florist. A florist's career is a good choice as an unconventional job for many sound the world. Wherever you see eye--catching floral displays, you actually see the professional performance of a floral designer. They are also known as florists and they create superb arrangements with flowers. Using both real and artificial flowers with other greeneries, florists prepare flower displays for a variety of events such 23 weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, Valentine's 627, official receptions and even funerals. Every lower comes with its distinct Color, design, value and meaning which flower designers have to know well. There are conventions and meanings associated with flowers. We know that conventionally roses are meant for romance and marriage anniversaries and tulips for birthdays. Although formal education or a diploma is not always essential for florists, they must have taste, a good eye for colors, shapes and proportion. They have to have of good sense for selecting flowers, ribbons and other accessories to make beautiful arrangements. Professional florists are knowledgeable about not Only flowers but also designs and techniques. Most forestay earn the trade mainly through Apprenticeship in a flower farming job and also by attending formal floral schools and courses. However, a true passion for flowers and a bit of aesthetic sense are al' that can make a florist's career successful. Flower designers earn fairly handsome money. But the bonus is that they work in a fresh and beautiful environment which their clients also enjoy. They to work with flowers all day long in a pleasant and fragrant atmosphere with colors around. But there $ is a disadvantage too, if you are inclined to see so: florists deal with flowers, but miss their honey! Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives, (a) What could be the closest meaning for inclined? (i) detached (ii) separate (iii) isolated (iv) willing Answer: (a) (iv) willing (b) How can we earn a delicate livelihood according to the passage? (i) doing flower business (ii) sacrificing animals (iii) involving in social work (iv) choosing the professional performance of a floral designer . Answer: (b) (iv) choosing the professional performance of a floral designer (c) Florists deal with flowers, but miss their honey. Here "honey" is .. (i) symbolic (ii) darling (iii) real honey .(iv) sweet—substances Answer: (c) (i) symbolic (d) What is not essential for a florist? (i) good taste (ii) a diploma (iii) good sense (iv) good eye for color Answer: (d) (ii) a diploma (e) Flower designers earn fairly handsome money. Here "Fairly handsome" stands for—. (i) insufficient money (ii) huge amount of money (iii) disproportionate money (iv) passable amount of money Answer: (e)(iv) passable amount of money (f) A florist must be a/an -- (i) amateur (ii) professional (iii) non professional (iv) fancier Answer: (f) (ii) professional (g) Eye catching floral display depends on the professional — of a floral designer. (i) skill (ii) whim (iii) caprice (iv) jealousy Answer: (g) (i) skill Extra Questions: (1) Here 'eye--catching is -- (i) a noun -- (ii) an adverb (iii) an adjective (iv) a conjunction Answer:   (1) (iii) an adjective (2) Which of the following words describes the traits of a professional florist best? (i) knowledgeable. (ii) miserable (iii) egocentric (iv) philosophical Answer: (2) (i)  knowledgeable (3)In paragraph 4 It is said, "They belong to a fresh fun job." What does It mean by this sentences? (i) The florists enjoy their jobs (ii) The florists feel bored with their jobs (iii) The flower designers feel exhausted with their jobs (iv) The flower designers feel disappointed always with their jobs Answer: (3) (i)  The fourists enjoy their jobs (4) What is the main purpose of this article? (i) To acknowledge the reader about the career of a florist (ii) To ask the reader to accept the career of a florist (iii) To highlight the importance of unconventional job (iv) To discourage the reader to accept the career of a florist Answer: (4) (i) To acknowledge the reader about the career of a florist (5) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word "greeneries" in line 9? (i) woods (ii) flower (iii) garland (iv) foliage Answer: (5) (iv) foliage (6) According to the passage, "floral designer" can be termed as — (i) happy (ii) unhappy (iii) choosy (iv) flower Answer: (6) (iii) choosy (7) Flowers can be a source of your income if you — (i) handle them insouciantly (ii) manage them dexterously (iii) hold them inaptly (iv) accomplish them incongruously Answer:  ( 7) (ii) manage them dexterously Short Answer Questions 2. Answer the following questions. (a) What are the events where flower can be offered? What is "eye--catching floral displays"? Answer: (a) Flowers can be offered in a variety of events such as weddings, birthdays, anniversaries marriage days, valentine's day. official receptions and even funerals. Eye catching floral displays depict the professional performance of a floral designer creating ling superb arrangements with flowers. Is (b) Do you think formal education is always necessary for an unconventional profession? Answer: (b) No, I do not think that formal education is always necessary for an unconventional profession. What is needed is aptitude, taste for the work and good intention. Explain in sentences. (c) What is treated as bonus to the florists? Answer: (c) The bonus of flower designers is that they dry belong to a fresh fun job. Because they work age all day long in a nice atmosphere with fresh air, pleasant smells and vivid colours around. The author wants to show us the activities of a florist. (d) What qualities do you need to manage the job of a florist? Answer: (d) In order to manage the job of a florist one has to have a good taste, good eye for colours, shapes and proportions, a good Common sense for selecting flowers, ribbons and other accessories. (e) What is unconventional job? What are the advantages of this job? Answer: (e) Unconventional job is one that does not fun one's aim in life and is not conventional People do not pay much value to an unconventional job. An unconventional job is strange but not boring. It develops freedom of work and creativity. Extra Questions: (1) Do you support the attitude, "a true passion for flowers and a bit of aesthetic sense are all that can make a florist's career successful? Why/Why not? Explain in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (1) Yes, I support the attitude. I think for every businessman having a true passion for his business is a must. It is not an exception for any florist. And for a florist having a bit of aesthetic sense is a plus point for being successful. (2) Where do the most florist learn the flower business? Answer: (2) Most florists learn the flower business through apprenticeship in a previous flower farming job and also by attending formal schools and courses. (3) "Have you dreamt of a rosy environment full of color and fragrance?" Why does the author ask this question? Explain in 2/3 sentences? Answer: (3) In fact, the author wants to catch the attention of the readers by saying this line. A rosy environment full of color and . It fragrance sounds very beautiful. It easily attracts any reader to go through the rest of the lines. That's why, the author asks this question. (4) What are the distinct qualities of a professional florist? Answer: (4) There are certain distinct qualities of a professional florist. A professional florist has to have a good sense for selecting flowers, ribbons and other accessories to make beautiful arrangements. He/ She should be knowledgeable about flowers, designs and techniques. (5) What are the things that the florist have to be aware of while embellishing various programs? Answer: (5) The florists have to be aware of conventions and significance associated with flowers while embellishing various programs. Bangla Translation তুমি কি কখনও খুব সৃজনশীল ক্যারিয়ারের কথা ভেবেছ? এখানে তুমি রঙ এবং সুবাসে ভরা একটি গোলাপী পরিবেশের স্বপ্ন দেখেছ? যদি তোমাকে সারাদিন ফুলে ভরা একটি দোকানে রাখা হয়, তাহলে তুমি কতটা ভালোবাসবে? আমি তোমাকে এমন একটি চাকরি সম্পর্কে কিছু ইঙ্গিত দিতে যাচ্ছি যা ব্যবসাও হতে পারে। হ্যাঁ, ডেইজি, বেগুনি, টিউলিপ, গাঁদা, ডালিয়া, লিলি, জুঁই, গোলাপ এবং সৌন্দর্যের এই সমস্ত জিনিসগুলি যদি তুমি পেশাদারভাবে পরিচালনা করো, তাহলে তুমি জীবিকা নির্বাহ করতে পারো। যদি তুমি এমন একটি পেশা শুরু করো, তাহলে তোমাকে ফুলওয়ালা বলা হবে। একজন ফুলওয়ালার ক্যারিয়ার বিশ্বের অনেকের কাছেই একটি অপ্রচলিত কাজ হিসেবে একটি ভালো পছন্দ। যেখানেই তুমি আকর্ষণীয় ফুলের প্রদর্শনী দেখো, তুমি আসলে একজন ফুলওয়ালা ডিজাইনারের পেশাদার কর্মক্ষমতা দেখতে পাও। তারা ফুলওয়ালা নামেও পরিচিত এবং তারা ফুল দিয়ে চমৎকার সাজসজ্জা তৈরি করে। অন্যান্য সবুজের সাথে আসল এবং কৃত্রিম উভয় ফুল ব্যবহার করে, ফুলওয়ালারা ২৩টি বিবাহ, জন্মদিন, ৬২৭তম ভ্যালেন্টাইন্স ডে, অফিসিয়াল অভ্যর্থনা এবং এমনকি শেষকৃত্যের মতো বিভিন্ন অনুষ্ঠানের জন্য ফুলওয়ালা প্রদর্শনী প্রস্তুত করে। প্রতিটি ফুলের নিজস্ব রঙ, নকশা, মূল্য এবং অর্থ থাকে যা ফুল ডিজাইনারদের ভালোভাবে জানা উচিত। ফুলের সাথে সম্পর্কিত কিছু রীতিনীতি এবং অর্থ রয়েছে। আমরা জানি যে প্রচলিতভাবে গোলাপ রোমান্স এবং বিবাহ বার্ষিকীর জন্য এবং জন্মদিনের জন্য টিউলিপ। যদিও আনুষ্ঠানিক শিক্ষা বা ডিপ্লোমা ফুল বিক্রেতাদের জন্য সর্বদা অপরিহার্য নয়, তাদের অবশ্যই রুচি, রঙ, আকার এবং অনুপাতের উপর ভাল নজর রাখতে হবে। সুন্দর সাজসজ্জা করার জন্য ফুল, ফিতা এবং অন্যান্য আনুষাঙ্গিক নির্বাচন করার জন্য তাদের ভাল জ্ঞান থাকতে হবে। পেশাদার ফুল বিক্রেতারা কেবল ফুলই নয়, নকশা এবং কৌশল সম্পর্কেও জ্ঞানী। বেশিরভাগ বনকর্মী মূলত ফুল চাষের কাজে শিক্ষানবিশ এবং আনুষ্ঠানিক ফুলের স্কুল এবং কোর্সে যোগদানের মাধ্যমে এই ব্যবসাটি অর্জন করেন। তবে, ফুলের প্রতি সত্যিকারের আবেগ এবং কিছুটা নান্দনিক বোধই একজন ফুল বিক্রেতার ক্যারিয়ারকে সফল করতে পারে। ফুল ডিজাইনাররা বেশ ভালো অর্থ উপার্জন করেন। তবে বোনাস হল তারা একটি তাজা এবং সুন্দর পরিবেশে কাজ করেন যা তাদের ক্লায়েন্টরাও উপভোগ করেন। তারা সারা দিন ধরে রঙিন রঙের সাথে মনোরম এবং সুগন্ধযুক্ত পরিবেশে ফুলের সাথে কাজ করেন। কিন্তু এর একটা অসুবিধাও আছে, যদি তুমি এমনটা দেখতে চাও: ফুলওয়ালারা ফুলের ব্যবসা করেন, কিন্তু তাদের মধু মিস করেন! 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Read the following passage and answer the questions below: The pioneer of Bangladeshi modern art Zainul Abedin is widely acclaimed  for his Bengal 'Famine Sketches'. Through the series of sketches , Zainul not only documented ( Cocoa) the harsh famine of 1943 but also showed its sinister (pro) face through the skeletal figures of the people destined to die of starvation in a manmade plight . He depicted  these extremely shocking pictures with human compassion . He made his own ink by burning charcoal and used cheap ordinary packing paper for sketching. Using the ink and applying the brush where necessary, he produced the drawings and sketches which later became iconic images of human sufferings. Zainul developed a knack for drawing and painting when he was a high school student. After completing high school, he got admission in the Government School of Art, Calcutta (now Kolkata). He graduated with the first position in first class in 1938. He was appointed  a teacher of the Art School while he was still a student there. He also attended the Slade School of Arts, London in 1951--52. For his artistic and visionary  qualities, he is referred to as Shilpacharya meaning 'great teacher of art' in Bangladesh. He was the first Principal of the first art school in Dhaka in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). He organized the Nabanna (harvest) exhibition en al in 1969. The exhibition included a 65 feet long scroll portraying the rural East Pakistan in phases from abundance () to poverty was made. This intensified the already heightened noncooperation movement against the Pakistan regime. The exhibition was symbolic of the Bangalee artists' protest and a milestone in our struggle for cultural and political freedom. Zainul's dynamic style of work is evident in a 30 feet long scroll painting called Manpura, which was done to commernorate the death of hundreds and thousands of people in the devastating  cyclone of 1970. He designed the pages of the Constitution of Bangladesh. He founded the Folk Art Museum at Sonargaon, and also Zainul Abedin Shangrahasala. a gallery of his own works in Mymensingh in 1975. The river Brahmaputra plays a predominant role in his paintings and was a source of inspiration all through his career. Much of his childhood was spent near the scenic river Brahmaputra. A series of water colours that Zainul did as his tribute to the river earned him the Governor's Gold Medal in an all--India exhibition in 1938. Zainul was born in Kishoreganj on 29 December 1914 and died in Dhaka on 28 May 1976. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) The famine of 1940 was — (i) due to flood (ii) due to drought (iii) artificial (iv) natural Answer: (a) (iii) artificial (b) Zainul Abedin put up the grim picture of famine through sketching — (i) skinned--boned human figures (ii) the dying people (iii) the sickly human figures (iv) the unfed people Answer: (b) (i) skinned - boned human figures (c) The Famine Sketches of Zainul Abedin rouse in man. (i)interest . (ii) sympathy (iii) aesthetic sense (iv) fear Answer: (c) (ii) sympathy (d) To which state affairs did Zainul Abedin contribute? (i) He set up the Folk Art Museum (ii) He organized Nabanna Exhibition (iii) He designed the pages of Constitution of Bangladesh (iv) He established an Art Gallery in Mymensingh. Answer: (d) (iii) He designed the pages of constitution of Bangladesh. (e) What made Zainul Abedin so famous? (i) His extraordinary merit (ii) His great knack for painting (iii) His Bengal Famine Sketches (iv) His Nabanna Exhibition Answer: (e) (iii) His Bengal Famine Sketches (f) The Brahmaputra had greatly — Zainul Abedin. (i) attracted (ii) helped (iii) inspired (iv) charmed Answer: (f) (iii) inspired  (g) He used – ink for sketching the pictures. (i) expensive (ii) black (iii) easily available (iv) his own made Answer: (g) (iv) his own made Extra Questions : (1) 'Shilpacharya' means , (i) great master of music (ii)great master of (iii) great master of art (iv) none of them Answer: (1) (iii) great master of art (2) Which of the phrases indicates the effect of the famine? (i) Man--made delight (ii) extremely deceiving (iii) skeletal figure (iv) Human devotion Answer: (2) (iii) Skeletal figure (3) Which of the following information’s is about famine? (i) It was a man--made plight (ii) It led many people to die (iii) People died from hunger (iv) All the answers are correct Answer: (3) (iv) All the answers are correct (4) In the passage the word 'skeletal' is a/an (i) verb (ii) noun (iii) adjective (iv) adverb Answer: (4) (iii) adjective (5) In the passage the word "knack" is a/an *** (i) verb (ii) noun (iii) adjective (iv) adverb Answer: (5) (ii) noun (6) The Zainul Abedin Shangrahashala is in (i) Kishoreganj (ii) Mymensingh (iii) Sonargaon (iv) Sylhet Answer: (6) (ii) Mymensingh (7) Zainul Abedin portrayed the extremely shocking pictures with (i) viciousness (ii) savagery (iii) humanity (iv) cruelty Answer: (7) (iii) humanity (8) Which thing brought Zainul to spotlight -- (i) his 'Famine sketches (ii) the Nabanna exhibition (iii) the Governor's Gold Medal (iv) Manpura, the painting Answer: (8) (i) his 'Famine Sketches' (9) Zainul developed a knack for drawing and painting. What does the word 'knack' imply? (i) adroitness (ii) genius (iii) gift (iv) facility Answer: (9) (i) adroitness (10) There was severe famine in Bangladesh – (i) 1940 (ii) 1939 (iii) 1938 (iv) 1976 Answer: (10) (i) 1940 (11) Zainul Abedin is the -- of Bangladeshi art. (i) painter (ii) forerunner (iii) admirer (iv) followers Answer: (11) (ii) forerunner (12) The famine of 1940 had -- impact on human life. (i) serious site (ii) trifle (iii) less (iv) life threatening Answer: (12) (iv) life threatening (13) Zaidul Abedin completed his graduation in (i) 1936 (ii) 1938 (iii) 1940 (iv) 1951 Answer: (13) (ii) 1938 (14) The word predominant could be replaced by (i) influential (ii) main (iii) principle (iv) dominating Answer: (14) (ii) main (15) What is the passage about? (i) Zainul Adebin's education (ii) Zainul's contribution to art (iii) Zainul's attraction for art (iv) All these things Answer: (15) (iv) All these things (16) What does the word 'acclaimed' mean? (i) proclaimed (ii) approved (iii) renowned (iv) recognized Answer: (16) (ii) approved (17) Zainul Abedin is widely acclaimed for his Bengal 'Famine Sketches'. In this sentence the word 'Famine' has been used as a/an (i) Noun (ii) Adjective (iii) Verb (iv) Adverb Answer: (17) (ii) Adjective (18) What is meant by the word 'compassion' in the passage? (i) passion (ii) devotion (iii) fellow--feeling (iv) excitement Answer: (18) (iii) fellow—feeling (19) Zainul documented the harsh for 1943. In this sentence the word 'documented’? (i) put (ii) gave (iii) kept record (iv) nourished Answer: (19) (iii) kept record (20) What does the phrase 'Famine Sketches ‘mean? (i) Artwork on famine drawn in pencil (ii) Artwork on famine drawn by pencil (iii) Artwork on famine (iv) All the answers are correct Answer: (20) (iv) All the answers are correct (21) What does the word 'Pioneer' indicate in the first line of the passage? (i) forerunner (ii) apprentice (iii) novice (iv) follower Answer: (21) (i) forerunner  (22) The synonymous word of ‘visionary’--is (i) mystical Paper (ii) illusory (iii) impractical (iv) Ingenious Answer: (22) (ii) illusory (23) According to the above text. 'regime' stands for (i) regiment (ii) management (iii) government (iv) region Answer: (23) (iii) government (24) The word 'sinister' means -- (i) auspicious (ii) benign (iii) singingly (iv) threatening Answer: (24) (iv) threatening (25) The word 'plight' stands for (i) difficulty (ii) promise (iii) pledge (iv) vow Answer: (25) (i) difficulty (26) Which of the following information points to the fact that he was an irresistible scholar? (i) He graduated with the first position in the first class. (ii) He was appointed teacher while he was a student. (iii) He was the pioneer of Bangladeshi modern art. (iv) All the answers are correct. Answer: (26) (iv) All the answers are correct (27) What is the closest meaning of 'destined in line 3? (i) Destination (ii) Fated (iii) Objective (iv) Fate Answer: (27) (ii) Fated (28) Which of the following facts indicated his gratitude to someone or something? (i) He drew famine sketches (ii) He portrayed abundance to poverty (iii) He gave tribute to a river (iv) All the answers are correct Answer: (28)(iii) He gave tribute to a river (29) What does the expression "Famine Sketches" mean? (i) diagram of skeleton (ii) diagram of starvation God (iii) drawing skeleton of men (iv) picture of men and animals Answer: (29) (ii) diagram of starvation God (30) The contextual meaning of 'depict' is -- (i) describe (ii) categories (iii) draw (iv) classify Answer: (30) (iii) draw (31) The word 'modern' means , (i) moderation (ii) contemporary (iii) backdated (iv) ancient Answer: (31) (ii) contemporary Short Answer Questions 2. Answer the following questions. (a) Why did Zainul become so successful in  art--related career? Answer: (a) Zainul Abedin became so successful in his art-related career because through skeletal figures he could easily depicted the sufferings of the people. (b) Why did he organize Nobanno (harves exhibition in 1969? Answer: (b) He organized Nobanno (harvest) exhibition in 1969 portraying the rural East Pakistan in phases from abundance to poverty. Through this exhibition he intensified the already heightened non-cooperation movement against the Pakistan regime. (c) From your reading of the passage, write what you know about the paintings of  Zainul  Abedin. Answer: (c) Zainul Abedin is considered the pioneer of Bangladeshi modern art. From his early age, he devoted himself to painting. He produced a series of brush and ink drawings which became iconic images of human sufferings. He drew the Bengal Famine Sketches of 1940 with human compassion (d) Where did he start his career first as an art teacher? Answer: (d) He started his career first as an art teacher in the Government School of Art, Calcutta. (e) How did he contribute to the noncooperation movement against Pakistan? Answer: (e) He contributed to the non-cooperation movement against Pakistan through an exhibition of a 65-foot long scroll portraying the rural East Pakistan in phases from abundance to poverty. Extra Questions : (1) Why did Zainul Abedin show tribute to the river Brahmaputra? Answer: (1) Zainul showed tribute to the river Brahmaputra because much of his childhood was spent near the scenic beauty of the river. (2) What do his 'Famine sketches' portray? Answer: (2) His Famine Sketches’ portray the harsh famine of 1940 and its sinister face through the skeletal figures of the people destined to die of starvation in a man-made plight. (3) What do you know about Zainul Abedin? Answer: (3) Zainul Abedin, the pioneer of Bangladeshi modern art was born at Kishoregonj. He developed a knack for drawing and painting since his school days. (4) Why did the river Brahmaputra play a role in Zainul's paintings? Answer: (4) The river Brahmaputra was a source of inspiration all through his career. So it played a vital role in Zainul's paintings. (5) What do you understand by the word Shilpacharya'? Answer: (5) Shilpacharya' means great teacher of art. Zainul Abedin is called so because of his 3, artistic and visionary qualities. (6) What did he set up? Answer: (6) He set up the Dhaka Art School, the Folk Art Museum at Sonargaon and the Zainul Abedin Shangrahasala in Mymensingh. (7) Why did he draw Bengal Famine Sketches? Answer: (7) He drew Bengal Famine Sketches to show its sinister face through the skeletal figures of the people destined to die of starvation in a man-made plight. Besides, he wanted to present the harsh famine of 1940 as a documentary. (8) How do you prove him as a great teacher? Answer: (8) Zainul Abedin is widely acclaimed for his Bengal 'Famine Sketches'. For his artistic and visionary qualities he is referred to as Shilpacharya meaning 'great teacher of art. (9) What do you know about Zainul's educational status? Answer: (9) Zainul Abedin was a brilliant student. After completing high school education, he took admission in the Government School of Art, Calcutta. He graduated with the first position in first class in 1938. He even got an appointment as a teacher in the Art School while he was still a student there. He also attended the Slade School of Arts in London. (10) Describe his contribution. Answer: (10) He made a great contribution in the field of painting in Bangladesh. He founded the Dhaka Art institute which is now known as Institute of Fine Arts. He also founded the Folk Art Museum at Sonargaon and Zainul Abedin Shangrahashala in Mymensingh in 1975 (11) How did he protest against the Pakistan regime? Answer: (11) He protested against the Pakistani regime by drawing the sufferings of people of East Pakistan which was the result of West Pakistan domination to East Pakistan. (12) Why did he draw the scroll painting 'Manpura’? Answer: (12) He drew the 30 feet long scroll painting 'Manpura' to commemorate the death of hundreds and thousands of people in the devastating cyclone of 1970. (13) What did Zainul show in a 65 feet long scroll? Answer: (13) Zainul showed the rural East Pakistan in phases from abundance to poverty in a 65 feet long scroll. (14) What does the painting 'Manpura' symbolize? Answer: (14) The painting ‘Manpura’ symbolizes the death of hundreds and thousands of people in the devastating cyclone of 1970. Bangla Translation বাংলাদেশী আধুনিক শিল্পকলার পথিকৃৎ জয়নুল আবেদীন তাঁর 'দুর্ভিক্ষের স্কেচ'-এর জন্য ব্যাপকভাবে প্রশংসিত। স্কেচ সিরিজের মাধ্যমে, জয়নুল কেবল ১৯৪৩ সালের ভয়াবহ দুর্ভিক্ষের চিত্রই (কোকো) নথিভুক্ত করেননি, বরং মানবসৃষ্ট দুর্দশায় অনাহারে মারা যাওয়া মানুষের কঙ্কালের চিত্রের মাধ্যমে এর ভয়াবহ (সমর্থক) মুখও দেখিয়েছেন। তিনি মানবিক করুণার সাথে এই অত্যন্ত মর্মান্তিক ছবিগুলি চিত্রিত করেছেন। তিনি কাঠকয়লা জ্বালিয়ে নিজের কালি তৈরি করেছিলেন এবং স্কেচ করার জন্য সস্তা সাধারণ প্যাকিং কাগজ ব্যবহার করেছিলেন। কালি ব্যবহার করে এবং প্রয়োজনে ব্রাশ প্রয়োগ করে, তিনি অঙ্কন এবং স্কেচ তৈরি করেছিলেন যা পরবর্তীতে মানুষের দুর্দশার প্রতীকী চিত্র হয়ে ওঠে। জয়নুল উচ্চ বিদ্যালয়ের ছাত্র থাকাকালীন অঙ্কন এবং চিত্রকলায় দক্ষতা অর্জন করেছিলেন। উচ্চ বিদ্যালয় শেষ করার পর, তিনি কলকাতার (বর্তমানে কলকাতা) সরকারি শিল্পকলা বিদ্যালয়ে ভর্তি হন। ১৯৩৮ সালে তিনি প্রথম শ্রেণীতে প্রথম স্থান অর্জন করেন। সেখানে ছাত্র থাকাকালীন তিনি আর্ট স্কুলের শিক্ষক নিযুক্ত হন। তিনি ১৯৫১-৫২ সালে লন্ডনের স্লেড স্কুল অফ আর্টসেও পড়াশোনা করেন। তাঁর শৈল্পিক এবং দূরদর্শী গুণাবলীর জন্য, তাঁকে বাংলাদেশে শিল্পাচার্য অর্থাৎ 'শিল্পের মহান শিক্ষক' বলা হয়। তিনি পূর্ব পাকিস্তানের (বর্তমানে বাংলাদেশ) ঢাকার প্রথম শিল্প বিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম অধ্যক্ষ ছিলেন। তিনি ১৯৬৯ সালে নবান্ন (ফসল) প্রদর্শনীর আয়োজন করেছিলেন। প্রদর্শনীতে ৬৫ ফুট লম্বা একটি স্ক্রোল ছিল যা প্রাচুর্য () থেকে দারিদ্র্য পর্যন্ত গ্রামীণ পূর্ব পাকিস্তানের চিত্র তুলে ধরেছিল। এটি পাকিস্তান শাসনের বিরুদ্ধে ইতিমধ্যেই তীব্র অসহযোগ আন্দোলনকে তীব্রতর করে তোলে। প্রদর্শনীটি বাঙালি শিল্পীদের প্রতিবাদের প্রতীক এবং সাংস্কৃতিক ও রাজনৈতিক স্বাধীনতার জন্য আমাদের সংগ্রামে একটি মাইলফলক ছিল। জয়নুলের গতিশীল কাজের ধরণটি ১৯৭০ সালের ভয়াবহ ঘূর্ণিঝড়ে লক্ষ লক্ষ মানুষের মৃত্যুর স্মরণে তৈরি ৩০ ফুট লম্বা স্ক্রোল চিত্রকর্ম 'মনপুরা'তে স্পষ্ট। তিনি বাংলাদেশের সংবিধানের পৃষ্ঠাগুলি ডিজাইন করেছিলেন। তিনি সোনারগাঁওয়ে লোকশিল্প জাদুঘর এবং জয়নুল আবেদিন সংগ্রাহশালা প্রতিষ্ঠা করেছিলেন। ১৯৭৫ সালে ময়মনসিংহে তাঁর নিজের কাজের একটি গ্যালারি। ব্রহ্মপুত্র নদী তাঁর চিত্রকলায় একটি প্রধান ভূমিকা পালন করে এবং তাঁর সমগ্র কর্মজীবন জুড়ে অনুপ্রেরণার উৎস ছিল। তাঁর শৈশবের বেশিরভাগ সময় কেটেছে মনোরম ব্রহ্মপুত্র নদীর কাছে। নদীর প্রতি শ্রদ্ধা জানাতে জয়নুল যে জলরঙের কাজ করেছিলেন তার জন্য ১৯৩৮ সালে একটি সর্বভারতীয় প্রদর্শনীতে তিনি গভর্নরের স্বর্ণপদক অর্জন করেন। জয়নুল ১৯১৪ সালের ২৯ ডিসেম্বর কিশোরগঞ্জে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন এবং ১৯৭৬ সালের ২৮ মে ঢাকায় মারা যান। Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: Fish population is in serious danger from global warming. Climate change is increasing the water temperature in rivers, lakes and seas. This means there is less food and oxygen available for fish. It also means that fish may not grow fully and may have fewer offspring’s . Some fishes will become extinct  if temperatures rise even by. one or two degrees Celsius. Climate change increases the pressure population. Fishes are one of the valuable biological assets . Forty person of people in the world eat fish as their main source  of protein. If we fail to reduce greenhouse gas, we will increase the pressures, a result, people who depend on fish will hunger and poverty........ 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives, (a) In paragraph 2, it is said "Fishes are o the most valuable biological assets". What is meant by this? (i) They have biological characteristics (ii) They are formed biologically (iii) They have biological existence (iv) They help maintain natural balance Answer: (a) (iv) They help maintain natural balance (b) Which of the following sentence is correct? (i) Due to less oxygen fish may not grow fully (ii) The people of the world depend on fish (iii) Greenhouse gas emission is responsible for reducing poverty (iv) Fish population affects climate change Answer: (b) (i) Due to less oxygen fish may not grow fully (c) The food and oxygen in water available for fish is (i) sufficient (ii) more than enough (iii) surpassing (iv) insufficient Answer: (c) (iv) insufficient (d) Greenhouse gas emissions will ---- pressure on fish. (i) ease (ii) shrink (iii) enhance (iv) reduce Answer: (d) (iii) enhance (e) Some fishes will become extinct. Here 'extinct' means – (i) severe (ii) available (iii) abundant (iv) no longer in existence Answer: (e)(iv) no longer in existence (f) What does the word 'offspring' mean? (i) during the spring (ii) the young of an animal (iii) after the spring (iv) before the spring Answer: (f) (ii) the young of an animal (g) Global warming is nothing but a -- (i) boon (ii) curse (iii) blessing (iv) gift Answer: (g) (ii) curse Extra Questions : (1) What are the water bodies mentioned in the passage? (i) Rivers (it) Lakes (iii) Seas (iv) All of the above Answer: (1) (iv) All of the above (2) What is the similar word of "offspring" (i) Son (ii) Daughter (iii) Lad (iv) Children Answer: (2) (iv) Children (3) Which of the following describes the fishes best? (i) Natural resources (ii) Natural assets (iii) Biological resources (iv) Biological assets Answer: (3) (iv) Biological assets (4) Which of the following best describes the similarity between less availability of food and less availability of oxygen? (i) High production of food (ii) Extinction of fish (iii) Famine (iv) War among the nations Answer: (4) (ii) Extinction of fish (5) People who depend on fish will suffer for the pressure on fish. (i) decreasing (it) raising (iii) improving (iv) enhancing Answer: (5) (ii) raising (6) Which of the following statements is about the climate change? (i) Stops fish population (ii) Increases fish population (iii) Decreases fish population (iv) Destroys fish population Answer: (6) (iii) Decreases fish population (7) What is the figure related to people in the world taking fish as the main source of protein? (i) 40% (ii) 50% (iii) 45% (iv) 55% Answer: (7) (i) 40% 2. Answer the following questions. (a) Why is fish one of the most biological assets of the world? Describe in brief. Answer: (a) Fish is one of the most valuable biological assets of the world because forty percent people of the world eat fish as their main source of protein,  (b) Briefly describe what will happen if we fail to reduce greenhouse gas emissions Answer: (b) If we fail to reduce greenhouse gas emission, we will increase the pressure on fish. As a result, people depending on fish will suffer from hunger and poverty. (c) Do you agree with the view that we should try to reduce the global warming process? Give reasons for your answer in the light of the passage. Answer: (c) Yes, I do agree with this view. Unless the global warming process is reduced, this biological asset will be extinct and the people living on them will fall a victim to hunger and poverty. (d)From your reading of the first paragraph  describe danger of climate change and its impact on fish population. Answer: (d) Global warming causes climate change which is increasing the water temperature in rivers, lakes and seas. As such climate change poses a serious threat to fish population. (e) "Some fishes will become extinct if temperatures rise even by one or two degrees." Why? Explain in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (e) Fish population is not free from the danger of climate change. Because of temperature rise, there is less food and oxygen for fish. Moreover, fish may not grow fully and may have fewer off springs. This is why, some fishes will become extinct if temperatures rise Extra Questions : (1) How can increased water temperature affect fish population? Answer: (1) Increased water temperature can be responsible for the extinction of fishes. (2) How are water bodies affected by climate change? Answer: (2) Water bodies are affected by climate change as it creates the scarcity of food and oxygen in the water bodies.  (3) What steps should we take to free people from hunger and poverty according to the passage? Can you suggest? Answer: (3) To free people from hunger and poverty we should control the greenhouse gas as people de who depend on fish will suffer from hunger and poverty Bangla Translation বিশ্ব উষ্ণায়নের ফলে মাছের সংখ্যা মারাত্মক হুমকির মুখে। জলবায়ু পরিবর্তনের ফলে নদী, হ্রদ এবং সমুদ্রের পানির তাপমাত্রা বৃদ্ধি পাচ্ছে। এর অর্থ হল মাছের জন্য খাদ্য এবং অক্সিজেনের পরিমাণ কম। এর অর্থ হল মাছ সম্পূর্ণরূপে বৃদ্ধি নাও পেতে পারে এবং তাদের বংশবৃদ্ধিও কম হতে পারে। তাপমাত্রা এক বা দুই ডিগ্রি সেলসিয়াস বৃদ্ধি পেলে কিছু মাছ বিলুপ্ত হয়ে যাবে। জলবায়ু পরিবর্তনের ফলে মাছের জনসংখ্যা বৃদ্ধি পায়। মাছ অন্যতম মূল্যবান জৈবিক সম্পদ। বিশ্বের ৪০ জন মানুষ প্রোটিনের প্রধান উৎস হিসেবে মাছ খায়। যদি আমরা গ্রিনহাউস গ্যাস কমাতে ব্যর্থ হই, তাহলে আমরা চাপ বৃদ্ধি করব, যার ফলে মাছের উপর নির্ভরশীল লোকেরা ক্ষুধার্ত এবং দারিদ্র্যের শিকার হবে........ Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Only during the last hundred years the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories. These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal. Besides the coal, other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Nowadays, about 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air. Therefore, it is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated worldwide by humans. Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation, which means cutting down trees. Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture . This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned up release large volume of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, as forests absorb ( 26) a lot carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead , we also destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests. Multiple Choice Questions 1.Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) Mining is necessary for — (i) energy resources (ii) digging minerals out (iii) development of the country (iv) lifting up natural gas Answer: (a) (iv) lifting up natural gas (b). The driving force of industries is --, (i) coal (ii) oil (iii)fossil fuel (iv) energy Answer: (b) (iii) fossil fuel (c) The contextual meaning of the word 'concentration' is – (i) attention (ii) submission (iii) deliberation (iv) accumulation Answer: (c) (iv) accumulation (d) The word 'combustion' stands for ---- (i) conservation (ii) ignition (iii)consumption (iv) relics Answer: (d) (ii) ignition (e) What is the antonym of the word 'release'? (i) hold (ii) let go. (iii)let loose (iv) give off Answer: (e) (i) hold (f) Controlling of the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is not — man's grip. (i) beyond (ii) within (iii)under (iv) at . Answer: . (f) (i) beyond (g) The greenhouse effect is – by deforestation. (i) created (ii) affected (iii) accelerated (iv) reduced Answer: (g) (iii) accelerated Extra Questions : (1) During the last century carbon dioxide significantly (i) decreased (ii) reduced (iii) increased (iv) removed Answer: (1) (iii) increased (2) The word 'fossil' means —.. (i) relies (ii) debris (iii) ruins (iv) part of an animal or a plant preserved in rock Answer: (2) (iv) part of an animal or a plant preserved in rock (3) Where is the earth's orbit? (i)around the sun (ii) in the sun (iii)in the earth. (iv)under the sun Answer: (3) (i) around the sun (4) Greenhouse effect is accelerated by ---- (i) increasing forest (ii) planting trees (iii) melting ice (iv) deforestation Answer: (4) (iv) deforestation (5) The correct antonym for 'deforestation' is –, (i) destruction of forest (ii) forest (iii)deforestation (iv) desertification Answer: (5) (iii) deforestation (6) We are intensifying the greenhouse effect by — (i)cutting down trees (ii)releasing carbon dioxide (iii) building new factories (iv) all these Answer: (6) (iv) all these (7) Which of the following is greenhouse gas (i) carbon (ii) carbon dioxide (iii)carbon monoxide (iv) oxygen Answer: (7) (ii) carbon dioxide (8) How is electricity produced? (i) by burning coal and petroleum (ii) by gases (iii)by water supplies (iv) workshops Answer: (8) (i) by burning coal and petroleum (9) What does deforestation mean? (i) planting trees in large numbers (ii) cutting down trees in large numbers (iii) watering (iv) neglecting trees Answer: (9) (ii) cutting down trees in large numbers (10) People destroy forest in order to -- (i) produce wood (ii) make fire (iii)create pasture (iv) release carbon dioxide Answer: (10) (iii) create pasture (11) What is the contextual meaning of the word radiation? (i) pollution (ii) radiator (iii) radio (iv) emission of energy as electromagnetic wave Answer: (iv) emission of energy as electromagnetic wave (12) Why do you think human should be responsible for concentration of carbon dioxide? (i) because human lives on earth (ii) because human uses fossil fuels (iii) because the earth moves round the sun (iv) because the earth has atmosphere Answer: (12) (ii) because human uses fossil fuels (13) Which is the storehouse of carbon dioxide? (i) sea (ii) earth (iii)air (iv) trees Answer: (13) (iv) trees (14) Which things are impossible for man? (i) To change the sun's radiation (ii) To change the earth's orbit (iii) To change the rays of the sun (iv) All stated above Answer: (14) (iv) All stated above (15) Where has the carbon dioxide raised alarmingly? (i) In the sun (ii) In the atmosphere (iii)In the earth (iv) In the star Answer: (15) (ii) In the atmosphere (16) Coal is one of the fuels used for – energy. (i) generating, (ii) reducing (iii) compacting (iv) lessening Answer: (16) (i) generating (17) Deforestation -- greenhouse effect. (i) abolishes (ii) accelerates (iii) decreases (iv) refuels Answer: (17) (ii) accelerates (18) What is the main source of energy? (i) soil (ii) sun (iii)water (iv) air Answer: (18) (ii) sun (19) What are the fossil fuels mentioned in the passage? (i) coal (ii) mineral oil (iii)natural gas (iv) all the above Answer: (19) (iv) all the above (20) Forests -- carbon dioxide gas. (i) consume (ii) emit (iii)exhale (iv) discharge Answer: (20) (i) consume (21) What does the expression "carbon dioxide concentration" in the line 3 mean? (i) An increase in the temperature (ii) Reduction of carbon dioxide (iii) Piling up of carbon dioxide (iv) Greenhouse gas Answer: (21) (iii) Piling up of carbon dioxide ( 22) Which of the period describes the beginning of rapid industrialization? (i)The plantation (ii) The end of the 18th century (iii) The start of the 18th century (iv) The end of the 19th century Answer: (22) (iv) The end of the 19th century (23) The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is (i) deforestation (ii) the burning of fossil fuels (ii)forestation (iv) desertification Answer: (23) (ii) the burning of fossil fuels (24) Which of the following indicates 'concentration has been raised alarmingly'? (i) oxygen (ii) radiation (iii)atmosphere (iv) carbon dioxide Answer: (24) (iv) carbon dioxide (25) Carbon dioxide gas is -- (i) toxic (ii) lucid (iii)hazy (iv) pure Answer: (25) (i) toxic (26) The word 'enormous' is -- (i) noun (ii) verb (iii) adjective (iv) adverb Answer: (26) (iii) adjective (27) What do the factories require? (i) water (ii) air (iii)energy (iv) sunlight Answer: (27) (iii) energy (28) Which correct answer from the followings describes deforestation best? (i) Productive (ii) Creative (iii) Conducive (iv) Destructive Answer: (28) (iv) Destructive (29) By whom carbon dioxide is being generated? (i) By animals (ii) By nature (iii) By water (iv) By humans Answer: (29) (iv) By humans (30) The areas destroyed for human habitation are -- (i) little (ii) huge (iii)partial (iv) impartial Answer: (30) (ii) huge (31)The word 'atmosphere' refers to : (i) climate (ii) appearance (iii)fair weather (iv) sunlight Answer: (31) (i) climate (32) In the last paragraph, it is said that 'this loss of the forest causes dual problems.' What is meant by this? (i) Burning of forest causes producing huge amount of carbon dioxide. (ii) Burning of forest causes getting the medium of absorbing carbon dioxide destroyed. (iii) Vehicles are producing carbon dioxide. (iv) Both i & ii Answer:. (32) (iv) Both i and ii (33) Man has no -- to change the sun's radiation and the earth's orbit around the sun. (i) tendency (ii) power (iii) willingness (iv) control Answer: (33) (ii) power (34) Which of the following is not true? (i) coal combustion produces carbon dioxide (ii) industrialization has given birth of many factories (iii)crude oil does not create hazardous gases (iv) mineral oils mainly refers to fossil fuels Answer: (34) (iii) crude oil does not create hazardous gases (35) Man can decrease -- (i) the amount of greenhouse gases (ii) the heat of the sun (iii)the cold of winter (iv) the happenings of natural calamities, Answer: (35) (i) the amount of greenhouse gases (36)Every time fossil raw materials are burned and it releases — (i) Water (ii) Oxygen (iii) air. (iv) Carbon dioxide Answer: (36) (iv) Carbon dioxide (37) In this passage we see trees help us in -- (i) one way (ii) two ways (iii) three ways (iv) no way Answer: (37) (ii) two ways (38) Trees transport -- Into the air. (i) nitrogen (ii) oxygen (iii)hydrogen (iv) all Answer: (38) (ii) oxygen (39) Due to industrial revolution -- have shrunk to a great extern (i) factories (ii) forestation (iii)habitations (iv) employment opportunity Answer: (39) (iii) habitations (40) The word "deliver" can be replaced by -- (i) save (ii) convey (iii)declare (iv) superior Answer: (40) (ii) convey 41) Greenhouse gases cause. (i) global warming (ii) deforestation (iii)health hazards (iv) fatal disease Answer: (41) (i) global warming (42) Due to industrial revolution ---- is necessary for energy. (i) burning fossil ii) burning coal (iii)a forestation (iv) greenhouse gases Answer: (42) (i) burning fossil (43) -- is thought to be responsible for in huge amount of fossil fuels. (i) rapid urbanization (ii) overgrowth of population (iii) rapid industrialization (iv) rapid electrification Answer: (43) (iii) rapid industrialization (44) The word pasture refers to (i) field for growing corn (ii) mine (iii) field for tending cattle (iv) field for building houses Answer: (44) (iii) field for tending cattle (45). The main theme of the passage is to _ (i) show how humans are response greenhouse effect. (ii) show the importance of tree plant. (iii) show the result of deforestation (iv) show how fossil fuels are being us Answer: (45) (i) show how humans are responsible for greenhouse effect (46) Which of the following has the meaning of the word "effect" used in line 2? (i) result responsible for (ii) up to date (iii)change (iv) pollute Answer: (46) (i) result responsible for (47) The word 'enormous' is — (i) noun (ii) verb (iii) adjective (iv) conjunction Answer: (47) (iii) adjective (48) Humans can — the increase of greenhouse JOBS gases. (i) control (ii) change (iii)do nothing against (iv) increase Answer: (48) (i) control (49) Who are responsible for the carbon dioxide concentration? – (i) The animals (ii) The plants (iii)The scientist (iv) The human being Answer: (49) (iv) The human beings (50) The phrase/word generates means -- (i) produce (ii) help (iii)assist (iv) use Answer: (50) (i) produce. (51) Carbon dioxide is increasing in the atmosphere as — (i) trees are producing carbon dioxide (ii) factories and various vehicles burning different types of fuels produce huge amount of carbon dioxide. (iii)human beings and animals are producing a lot of carbon dioxide. (iv) forests are responsible for increasing the amount of carbon dioxide. Answer: (51) (ii) factories and various vehicles burning different types of fuels produce huge amount of carbon dioxide (52) Trees absorb -- (i) methane (ii) oxygen (iii)advantages (iv) carbon dioxide Answer: (52) (iv) carbon dioxide (53) The loss of forests causes dual — ; (i) problems (ii) disadvantages (iii)advantages (iv) opportunity Answer: (53) (i) problems Short Answer Questions 2. Answer the following questions. (a) What is the main purpose of the author of this text? Answer: (a) The main purpose of the author is to make us aware of the dangerous consequence of deforestation and greenhouse effect (b) How is energy produced for running industries? Answer: (b) The energy for running industries is produced from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, oil or natural gas. (c) Why do we use enormous amount of fossil fuels? Answer: (c) We use enormous amount of fossil fuels because of rapid increase of industrial activities. Generally factories need energy and we get this energy by burning fossil fuels. (d) Do you support that humans are responsible for increasing carbon dioxide? If yes, why? Answer: (d) Yes, I support that humans are responsible for increasing carbon dioxide because the activities, which are mainly responsible for increasing carbon dioxide like cutting down trees, burning fossil fuels, rapid industrialization are done only by the human beings. (e) How is deforestation responsible for greenhouse effect? Answer: (e) Deforestation is cause due to cutting down or burning trees, and it is responsible for the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As a result, it creates greenhouse effect. Extra Questions : (1) How can humans control carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere? Answer: (1) The people can control carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere by making them aware. They should plant more and more trees. They have to be conscious about greenhouse gas. (2) How is deforestation strengthening greenhouse effect? Answer: (2) When trees are burned down, it releases a huge amount of carbon dioxide gas into the air. Again, by cutting trees, we are losing forests which absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen. Thus, deforestation is strengthening greenhouse - effect. (3) How can the world be greener? Answer: (3) The world can be greener if we stop cutting down trees and plant more and more trees. (4) How does industrialization cause harm to the atmosphere? Answer: (4) Industrialization causes harm to the atmosphere as it needs the burning of fossil fuels and coal for the running of mills and factories. (5) What are the causes lying behind deforestation? Answer: (5) The causes lying behind deforestation are the cutting down of trees for obtaining wood for various construction works, for mining and for creating pasture. (6) How can trees help save our environment? Answer: (6) Tree plantation can lessen the greenhouse effect in the environment. Thus they can save our environment (7) What is the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere? Answer: (7) Excessive burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. (8) How can the industrial pollution be checked? Answer: (8) The industrial pollution can be checked by taking necessary steps against the burning of excessive fossil fuel and using renewable energy sources instead (9) Do you agree with the view that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction? Give reasons for your answer in the light of the passage. Answer: (9) Yes, I agree with the view that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction. It is because trees absorb carbon dioxide for their survival and produce oxygen which is very much essential for breathing by human beings. (10) "Man can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun." Why? What they can? Answer: (10) Man can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun because they are natural phenomena. But man can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. (11) How is deforestation strengthening greenhouse effect in the present context? Answer: (11) Deforestation which means cutting down or burning of the forest is strengthening greenhouse effect by accumulating enormous quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (12) What do you think we should do to keep the atmosphere normal for our living? Answer: (12) In order to keep the atmosphere normal for our living, we should control the emission of carbon dioxide, make afforestation programme a success and make less use of renewable energy which is environment friendly. (13) How do forests help us? Answer: (13) Forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead (14) What is the effect of the burning of fossil fuels? Answer: (14) The effect of the burning of fossil fuels is an increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. (15) How does the loss of the forest cause dual problems? Answer: (15) The loss of the forest causes duel problems. Firstly, trees that are burned down ease a large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. Secondly, an important carbon dioxide storehouse is destroyed as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead. (16) How is man generating carbon dioxide? Answer: (16) Man is generating carbon dioxide by burning crude oil, coal and cutting and burning of forestlands. (17) How do the trees help in reducing carbon dioxide? Answer: (17) Trees help in reducing carbon dioxide by absorbing carbon dioxide for their growth and releasing oxygen instead which is essential for human life. (18) What can human beings do for a congenial atmosphere? Answer: (18) Human beings can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere by minimizing the use of fossil fuel and stopping deforestation. (19) What is deforestation? Answer: (19) Deforestation means cutting down trees or removal of trees without replanting which brings the destruction of ecological balance and causes greenhouse effect. (20) What is greenhouse effect? Answer: (20) The exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation from a planet's atmosphere that warms the earth's surface is called greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases radiate energy in all directions. Part of this radiation is directed towards the surface and warms it. (21) How can we control greenhouse effect? Answer: (21)We can control greenhouse effect by planting more and more trees at first. Besides this we can control it by conserving energy reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere using less fossil fuels, mineral and crude oils, natural gas etc. (22) How will you prove that industrial revolution gives rise to carbon dioxide? Answer: (22) It is a proven truth that industrial revolution gives rise to carbon dioxide. Because of increasing industrial activities the increasing factories need energy which is got by burning fossil fuels that gives rise to carbon dioxide (23) What are trees compared to in the passage? Why? Answer: (23) Trees are compared to carbon dioxide store house because trees absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air (24) Give some instances of the function of the energy resources? Answer: (24) The energy resources perform the following functions - heating our houses, running various transportation vehicles including airplanes and producing electricity greatly essential for modern civilization. (25) What is greenhouse gas? Answer: (25) Greenhouse gas is such a gas which helps increase the temperature of the atmosphere. (26) "Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun." What does the writer mean by it? Answer: (26) The writer means that the sun's radiation and the earth's orbit are beyond man's control and man cannot change or regulate these. (27) How can tree help us in maintaining ecological balance? Answer: (27) Carbon dioxide is harmful for the environment. Industrial and many other activities are responsible for increasing carbon dioxide. Trees can help us in maintaining ecological balance by consuming carbon dioxide and giving us oxygen. (28) 'We, the human beings can protect the earth to a great extent.' Do you support the idea? Why or why not? Answer: (28) Yes, I support the idea. It is because if we stop cutting down trees and burning fuels there will be less amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Thus we can protect the earth to a great extent. (29)How can we stop the emission of greenhouse gases? Answer: (29) We can stop the emission of greenhouse gases by planting more trees and avoiding the use of coal, oil etc. and using green energy. (30) Who are responsible for the increase of carbon dioxide? Answer: (30) Human beings are responsible for the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere because they burn a lot of greenhouse gases for various purposes. (31) What can humans do or cannot do about atmosphere? Answer: (31) Humans can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. But they can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. Bangla Translation মানুষ সূর্যের বিকিরণ বা সূর্যের চারপাশে পৃথিবীর কক্ষপথ পরিবর্তন করতে পারে না। কিন্তু তারা গ্রিনহাউস গ্যাসের পরিমাণ বৃদ্ধি এবং বায়ুমণ্ডলের উপর এর প্রভাব নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারে। শুধুমাত্র গত একশ বছরে বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের ঘনত্ব উদ্বেগজনকভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে এবং এর জন্য আমরা মানুষদের দায়ী করা যেতে পারে। বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের মাত্রা বৃদ্ধির প্রধান কারণ হল জীবাশ্ম জ্বালানি পোড়ানো। ঊনবিংশ শতাব্দীর শেষের দিক থেকে, শিল্প কার্যক্রম দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে যার ফলে অনেক কারখানার জন্ম হয়েছে। এই কারখানাগুলিতে শক্তির প্রয়োজন ছিল, যা কয়লা দহনের মাধ্যমে উৎপাদিত হত। কয়লা ছাড়াও, খনিজ তেল এবং প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাসের মতো শক্তির অন্যান্য উৎসও আমাদের ঘরবাড়ি গরম করার জন্য, গাড়ি এবং বিমান চালানোর জন্য বা বিদ্যুৎ উৎপাদনের জন্য পোড়ানো হত। আজকাল, প্রতিদিন প্রায় 85 মিলিয়ন ব্যারেল অপরিশোধিত তেল পোড়ানো হয়। প্রতিবার জীবাশ্মের কাঁচামাল পোড়ানোর সময়, এটি বাতাসে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড ছেড়ে দেয়। অতএব, এটা স্পষ্ট যে মানুষ বিশ্বব্যাপী কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের মতো আরও বেশি গ্রিনহাউস গ্যাস তৈরি করছে। তাছাড়া, আমরা বন উজাড় করে গ্রিনহাউস প্রভাবকেও শক্তিশালী করছি, যার অর্থ গাছ কেটে ফেলা। প্রতি বছর মানুষ কাঠ সংগ্রহ, খনির জন্য এলাকা পরিষ্কার এবং চারণভূমি তৈরির জন্য বিশাল বনভূমি ধ্বংস করে। বনের এই ক্ষতি দ্বৈত সমস্যার সৃষ্টি করে। যেসব গাছ পুড়িয়ে ফেলা হয় তা বাতাসে প্রচুর পরিমাণে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড গ্যাস নির্গত করে। অন্যদিকে, যেহেতু বন বাতাস থেকে (26) প্রচুর কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড শোষণ করে এবং পরিবর্তে অক্সিজেন সরবরাহ করে, তাই আমরা যখন বন পরিষ্কার করি তখন কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভাণ্ডারও ধ্বংস করি। Seen Comprehension (Unit-2, Lesson-3) Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Only during the last hundred years, the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories. These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal. Besides coal, other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Nowadays, about 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air. Therefore, it is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated worldwide by humans. Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation, which means cutting down trees. Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture. This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned up release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead, we also destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests. ALL QUESTIONS Question No. 1: Multiple Choice Questions Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives: a. Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'effect' used in the text? i) result ii) up to date iii) change iv) pollute b. Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word 'alarmingly' used in the passage? i) calmly ii) silently iii) terribly iv) unsafely c. The contextual meaning of the word 'concentration' is-. i) attention ii) submission iii) deliberation iv) accumulation d. Forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air. Here 'absorb' means-. i) take in ii) take up iii) take out iv) take over e. The word 'combustion' mentioned in the text refers to -. i) kindling ii) burning iii) consummation iv) flame Extra 1. - are mainly responsible for greenhouse effect. i) Wild animals ii) Plants iii) Humans iv) Aquatic Plants 2. Trees are very useful to the congenial atmosphere because they - i) absorb greenhouse gases ii) emit carbon dioxide iii) absorb carbon dioxide iv) generate carbon dioxide 3. - is the main cause of increasing carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. i) Deforestation ii) The burning of fossil fuels iii) Destruction of forests iv) Desertification 4. What is the contextual meaning of the word 'release'? i) Free ii) Give away iii) Discharge iv) Dismiss 5. Coal is used for - energy. i) compacting ii) minimizing iii) decreasing iv) generating 6. The main theme of the passage is to - i) show how humans are responsible for greenhouse effect ii) show the importance of tree plantation iii) show the result of deforestation iv) show how fossil fuels are being used 7. Every moment fossil fuels are burnt, they release - i) carbon dioxide ii) nitrogen iii) hydrogen iv) oxygen 8. What is the contextual meaning of the word 'radiation'? i) accumulation ii) radio iii) emission of energy as electromagnetic wave iv) redemption 9. Greenhouse effect is increased by - i) melting ice ii) cutting down trees iii) planting trees iv) growing or increasing forest 10. What is the similar meaning of the word 'absorb'? i) take up ii) take in iii) take out iv) take over 11. To produce electricity or to heat our houses, we use - i) coal, mineral oil and natural gas ii) sunlight iii) renewable energy iv) none of the above 12. Which thing can human being never change? i) the enormous increase of carbon dioxide ii) the design of a structure iii) the effect of fossil fuels iv) the moving or rotation of the earth 13. Trees release - into the air. i) nitrogen ii) oxygen iii) hydrogen iv) all 14. Which of the period describes the beginning of the rapid industrialization? i) The start of the 19th century ii) The end of the 18th century iii) The start of the 18th century iv) The end of the 19th century 15. What are the fossil fuels mentioned in the passage? i) Coal ii) Mineral oil iii) Natural gas iv) All of the above 16. Natural gas is a kind of -. i) fossil fuel ii) toxic substance iii) harmful gas iv) crude oil 17. The word 'instead' mentioned in the passage means - i) option ii) choice iii) as an alternative iv) preference 18. Cutting down trees is called -. i) afforestation ii) industrialisation iii) glorification iv) deforestation 19. Greenhouse effect is strengthened by -. i) planting trees ii) afforestation iii) erosion of soil iv) destruction of forests 20. Trees absorb -. i) carbon dioxide ii) oxygen iii) methane iv) hydrogen 21. Which of the following is false? i) Humans are liable for changed climate. ii) Coal, mineral oil and natural gas are the sources of energy. iii) Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases oxygen into the air. iv) We have nothing to do with the transmitted rays. 22. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is -. i) deforestation ii) afforestation iii) the burning of fossil fuels iv) desertification 23. "This loss of the forest causes dual problems." The dual problems are -. i) Absorption of carbon dioxide is less and more carbon dioxide is emitted by burning trees. ii) The release of oxygen and the absorption of carbon dioxide. iii) Emission of carbon dioxide and destruction of trees. iv) Trees are the storehouse of carbon dioxide and they absorb oxygen. 24. The word 'require' means - i) ask ii) claim iii) need iv) proclaim 25. The driving force of industries is -. i) coal ii) oil iii) fossil fuel iv) energy 26. - is thought to be responsible for increased used of huge amount of fossil fuels. i) Rapid urbanization ii) Overgrowth of population iii) Rapid industrialization iv) Rapid electrification 27. The word 'radiation' means - i) ray ii) dissemination iii) emission iv) redemption 28. The word 'enormous' means -. i) destroy ii) extensive iii) few iv) rapid 29. We are intensifying the greenhouse effect by - i) cutting down trees ii) releasing carbon dioxide iii) planting trees iv) building new factories 30. The word 'crude' means- i) unnatural ii) unrefined iii) processed iv) refined 31. Deforestation - greenhouse effect. i) abolishes ii) accelerates iii) decreases iv) refuels 32. Trees are very useful to the congenial atmosphere because they - i) emerge greenhouse gases ii) emit carbon dioxide iii) absorb carbon dioxide iv) generate carbon dioxide 33. What has alarmingly increased in the atmosphere over the last hundred years? i) Oxygen ii) Carbon dioxide iii) Nitrogen iv) Hydrogen 34. What is the main source of carbon dioxide emission? i) Solar energy ii) Fossil fuels iii) Wind-power iv) Hydropower 35. Why are greenhouse gases harmful? i) They increase oxygen levels ii) They trap heat iii) They cool the Earth iv) They absorb sunlight 36. What does "storehouse of carbon dioxide" refer to? i) Atmosphere ii) Oceans iii) Forests iv) Fossil fuels 37. What does "combustion" refer to? i) Absorbing heat ii) Burning materials iii) Storing energy iv) Freezing 38. According to the passage, the rise in industrial activity primarily resulted in -. i) innovation in energy sources ii) increased demand for wood iii) greater fossil fuel combustion iv) decrease in greenhouse gas emissions 39. The burning of fossil fuels contributes to atmospheric change because it - i) cools the atmosphere ii) reduces sunlight iii) adds carbon compounds iv) consumes nitrogen 40. The author uses the phrase "we humans can be held responsible" to suggest - i) climate change is irreversible ii) humans are solely to blame iii) there is no natural cause of climate change iv) human actions significantly influence atmospheric change 41. Which of the following best describes the similarity between burning of the fossil fuels and cutting down of trees? i) Radiation ii) Famine iii) Emission of carbon dioxide gas iv) Loss of energy 42. What is impossible for human beings? i) to increase food production ii) to change the orbit of the earth iii) to reduce carbon emission iv) to work for the protection of the earth 43. Which of the following is not true? i) Coal combustion produces carbon dioxide. ii) Industrialization has given birth to many factories. iii) Crude oil does not create hazardous gases. iv) Mineral oils mainly refer to fossil fuels. 44. The word 'pasture' means - i) quich ii) glass iii) forge iv) grazing field 45. How does forest loss create a "dual problem"? i) by producing more fuels ii) by releasing carbon and reducing carbon absorbers iii) by increasing rainfall iv) by melting glaciers Answering Questions: SSC Exam Ques. No. 2 Answer the following questions: a. What is the effect of burning fossil fuels? b. How can trees help save our environment? c. When did mills and factories begin to increase? d. "Human beings are responsible for the greenhouse effect."- Do you agree? Why/ Why not? e. What are the causes lying behind deforestation? Extra 1. How can trees help us in maintaining ecological balance? 2. What are out of human's control? 3. What things can human being do for a congenial atmosphere? 4. What lesson do you get from the passage? Write the answer within two or three sentences. 5. Describe how human beings are responsible for the increase in the greenhouse gases. 6. What do you think the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is? 7. Why enormous areas of forests are destroyed by the people every year? Describe in brief. 8. How does the loss of forests cause dual problems? 9. What should we do to control the increase of greenhouse gases? 10. How do forests help us? 11. Can man influence the climate? How? 12. Why can humans neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun? 13. Why do we use enormous amount of fossil fuels? 14. Do you agree with the view that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction? Give reasons for your answer in the light of the passage. 15. Why do we need coal? 16. What is greenhouse effect? 17. How is deforestation responsible for greenhouse effect? 18. What can humans do or cannot do about atmosphere? 19. Why is the carbon dioxide storehouse destroyed with the forests? 20. What are the causes of increasing greenhouse gases? Write within 2/3 lines. 21. "The loss of forests causes dual problems." What are they? 22. What happens when trees are burned up? 23. When did the industrial activities increase? What was the result of it? 24. What happens when a fossil raw material is burned? 25. How do industrial activities contribute to the greenhouse effect? 26. Explain how the loss of forests causes a "dual problem." Gap Filling: SSC Exam Ques. No. 3 Fill in each gap with a suitable word based on the information of the text: i. It is true that most of the natural phenomena are beyond our control, yet we can (a) - some aspects like the greenhouse effect by our responsible activities. We are highly responsible for (b) - radical climate change. Carbon dioxide is the main (c) - of climate change. Carbon dioxide is being (d) - in the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. Moreover, mineral oil and natural gas are also used for various (e) -. ii. There are several reasons why the carbon dioxide concentration has been (a) - in the atmosphere. Our mills and factories burn coal, mineral oil, natural gas, etc. with a view to (b) - energy. We also burn these materials to meet our (c) - needs. But for our own safety, we have to encourage the common (d) - to plant more trees. Otherwise, our existence on earth will be (e) - stake. iii. Humans are (a) - for the increasing amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the (b) -. Coal, mineral oil and gas are burned to get (c) -. But all these things being burnt release carbon dioxide into the air. Moreover, people cut the forests (d) - absorb carbon dioxide and supply (e) -. iv. Fossil fuels are burned at an alarming rate, due to (a) -. Coal is one of the fuels used for (b) - energy. Our atmosphere is being polluted for the (c) - greenhouse gases day by day. Our (d) - on fossil fuels should be reduced. We should not destroy our (e) - which play a vital role to produce oxygen. v. There are several reasons why the carbon dioxide concentration has been (a) - in the atmosphere. Our mills and factories burn coal, mineral oil, natural gas, etc. with a view to (b) - energy. We also burn these materials to (c) - our everyday needs. But for our own safety, we have to encourage (d) -. Otherwise, our existence on earth will be at (e) - vi. Man has no (a) - to change the sun's radiation or the earth's orbit around the sun. But he can (b) - the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Man is (c) - for the rise in carbon dioxide. The burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of rising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Various kinds of (d) - like coal, mineral oil and natural gas are burnt for various purposes, which release carbon dioxide into the air. So, it is very clear that (e) - are generating more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. vii. Human beings are (a) - responsible for climate change. They are (b) - the environment by (c) — greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, CFC, etc. Combustion of coal, burning of fossil fuels, deforestation are the (d) - causes of pollution. Climate change (e) - natural disasters. viii. It is true that most of the natural phenomena are beyond humans' control, yet he can (a) - some aspects like the greenhouse effect by his wise activities. Carbon dioxide is the main (b) - of it. Carbon dioxide is being (c) - in the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. In fact, industrial activities have given rise to many factories where coal is (d) - for energy. Moreover, mineral oil and natural gas are also used for various (e) -. ix. Humans cannot change the sun's radiation or the Earth's orbit, but they can control the release of (a) - gases. Over the last hundred years, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased (b) -. The main reason for this rise is the burning of (c) - fuels to produce energy for factories, vehicles, homes, and electricity. These fuels are (d) - to meet energy demands. As a result, more carbon dioxide is released into the (e) -, which increases the greenhouse effect. ALL ANSWERS Answers to Question No. 1: Multiple Choice Questions a. i) result b. iii) terribly c. iv) accumulation d. i) take in e. ii) burning Extra 1. iii) Humans 2. iii) absorb carbon dioxide 3. ii) The burning of fossil fuels 4. iii) Discharge 5. iv) generating 6. i) show how humans are responsible for greenhouse effect 7. i) carbon dioxide 8. iii) emission of energy as electromagnetic wave 9. ii) cutting down trees 10. ii) take in 11. i) coal, mineral oil and natural gas 12. iv) the moving or rotation of the earth 13. ii) oxygen 14. iv) The end of the 19th century 15. iv) All of the above 16. i) fossil fuel 17. iii) as an alternative 18. iv) deforestation 19. iv) destruction of forests 20. i) carbon dioxide 21. iii) Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases oxygen into the air 22. iii) the burning of fossil fuels 23. i) Absorption of carbon dioxide is less and more carbon dioxide is emitted by burning trees 24. iii) need 25. iv) energy 26. iii) Rapid industrialization 27. iii) emission 28. ii) extensive 29. i) cutting down trees 30. ii) unrefined 31. ii) accelerates 32. iii) absorb carbon dioxide 33. ii) Carbon dioxide 34. ii) Fossil fuels 35. ii) They trap heat 36. iii) Forests 37. ii) Burning materials 38. iii) greater fossil fuel combustion 39. iii) adds carbon compounds 40. iv) human actions significantly influence atmospheric change. 41. iii) Emission of carbon dioxide gas 42. ii) to change the orbit of the earth 43. iii) Crude oil does not create hazardous gases 44. iv) grazing field 45. ii) by releasing carbon and reducing carbon absorbers Answers to SSC Exam Ques. No. 2 a. The effect of burning fossil fuels is the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. b. Trees can help save our environment in two ways. They can help maintain a healthy level of carbon dioxide by absorbing a lot of this gas from the air. At the same time, they can fill our air with oxygen in exchange. c. Mills and factories began to increase at the end of the 19th century following the rapid growth of industrial activities. d. Yes, I agree. Human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, expansion of industries, deforestation, etc. are some of the main causes behind the increase of greenhouse gases. So, it is evident that humans are greatly responsible for the greenhouse effect. e. The causes lying behind deforestation are obtaining wood, clearing regions for mining and creating pasture. Extra 1. Trees take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the atmosphere. Thus, trees can help us in maintaining ecological balance. 2. Changing the sun's radiation and the earth's orbit around the sun are out of humans' control. 3. Human being can control the increase of greenhouse gases by minimizing the burning of fossil fuels, stopping cutting down trees indiscriminately, and planting more trees for a congenial atmosphere. 4. The lesson I get from the passage is that we are mainly responsible for the increase of greenhouse gases. And we can control it by taking some steps like minimizing the burning of fossil fuels, stopping cutting down trees indiscriminately, and planting more trees for a congenial atmosphere. 5. Human beings do some unwise activities like burning too much fossil fuels, setting up more factories, cutting down trees indiscriminately, etc. that result in the increase of greenhouse gases. Thus, they are responsible for the increase in the greenhouse gases. 6. I think the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels. With the increase of industrial activities, the combustion of coal has increased. Besides coal, mineral oil and natural gas are also burned for various purposes. Thus, every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air. 7. Enormous areas of forests are destroyed by the people every year to obtain wood, to clear regions for mining, and to create pasture. 8. The loss of forests causes dual problems as cutting down and burning of trees produce a large amount of carbon dioxide, and at the same time, the source of absorbing carbon dioxide diminishes. 9. To control the increase of greenhouse gases, we should minimize the burning of fossil fuels, stop cutting down trees indiscriminately, and plant more trees. 10. Forests help us in various ways. They absorb carbon dioxide, generate oxygen, provide energy through burning wood, etc. 11. Yes, man can influence the climate both negatively and positively. By burning oil, coal, and trees, man can worsen the climate. However, by avoiding doing such things and planting more trees, man can improve the climate. 12. Humans can change neither the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun, because these things are beyond their control. 13. We use enormous amount of fossil fuels to run factories, to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. 14. Yes, I agree that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction. Trees burned up release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, we also destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests. Thus, we are heading toward destruction. 15. We need coal to produce energy so that we can use it for different purposes. 16. The greenhouse effect is a process of warming of the earth's surface, caused by the increased amount of CO2. 17. Deforestation means cutting down trees. But trees absorb carbon dioxide and deliver oxygen. So, due to deforestation this process is hampered and thus greenhouse effect is strengthened. 18. Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effects on the atmosphere. 19. Forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen instead. That's why, the carbon dioxide storehouse is destroyed with the forests. 20. There are many causes of increasing greenhouse gases. Burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas is the main cause. Besides, cutting down of trees is also a big reason of increasing greenhouse gases. 21. The loss of forests causes dual problems. Burning of trees produce a large amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and at the same time, the source of absorbing carbon dioxide diminishes. 22. When trees are burned up, they release large volumes of carbon dioxide into the air. 23. The industrial activities increased rapidly from the end of the 19th century. As a result, many factories were built and more fossil fuels were burned. 24. When a fossil raw material is burned, carbon dioxide is released into the air. This increases the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and causes greenhouse effect. 25. Industrial activities contribute to the greenhouse effect by burning fossil fuels to run factories, which release large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 26. The loss of forests causes a "dual problem" because burning trees releases carbon dioxide, and the destroyed forests can no longer absorb carbon dioxide from the air. Answers to Gap Filling: SSC Exam Ques. No. 3 i. (a) control (b) this/alarmingly (c) cause (d) released/ accumulated (e) purposes ii. (a) increasing (b) producing/generating (c) various/ daily/different (d) people (e) at iii. (a) responsible (b) environment/atmosphere (c) energy (d) that/which (e) oxygen iv. (a) industrialization (b) producing/generating (c) increase of (d) reliance/ dependence (e) forests v. (a) increasing (b) producing/generating (c) satisfy/meet/fulfill (d) afforestation/forestation (e) risk/stake vi. (a) ability/power (b) reduce (c) responsible (d) fuels/fossil-fuels (e) humans/people vii. (a) mainly/chiefly (b) polluting (c) producing (d) main/primary (e) causes viii. (a) control (b) cause/reason (c) released/ accumulated (d) burnt (e) purposes ix. (a) greenhouse (b) alarmingly (c) fossil (d) burned (e) atmosphere Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: Bangladesh is now in the grip of all sorts of people  like air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. The dwellers of the urban areas are the sufferers of such pollution. The indiscriminate industrialization process in Bangladesh over the past decades has created environmental problems. We all now. know about significant some of the most common types of environmental pollutions and ways of coping with them. Air pollution Air pollution comes from a variety of sources. In Bangladesh poisonous exhausts  from industrial plants, brick kilns, old or poorly--serviced vehicles and dust from roads and construction sites are some of the major sources of air pollution. We can minimize  this type of pollution by making less use of motor vehicles and avoiding the use of vehicles older than 20 years. We may also use proper lubricants  to lessen  the level of emission and pollutants. We can encourage  people to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) for fuelling their cars. The government may industries like brick kilns to areas away from human habitations . Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) The indiscriminate industriali zation process has created environmental problems, (i) remarkably (ii) less (iii)less notably (iv) insignificantly Answer: (a) (i) remarkably  (b) What is the source of environmental pollution? (i) water pollutions (ii) sound pollution (iii)air pollution (iv) all of them Answer: (b) (iv) all of them (c) We have to avoid the use of vehicles older than – (i) 30 years (ii) 20 years (iii) 25 years (iv) 35 years Answer: (c) (ii) 20 years (d) We can encourage the people to use for n fuelling their cars.. (i) CCT (ii) CMG (iii)CNG (iv) LSG Answer: (d) (iii) CNG (e) The government may -- hazardous industries like brick kilns to areas away from human habitation. (i) reduce (ii) refer (iii)move (iv) compress Answer: (e) (iii) move  (f) The city dwellers are the sufferers. (i) bad (ii) best (iii)least (iv) worst Answer: (f) (iv) worst  (g) Environment consists of air, water and (i) music (ii)table (iii) soil (iv) manners Answer: (g) (iii) soil Extra Questions : (1) Bangladesh is now in the grip of population, (i) air (ii) water (iii)soil (iv) all of the above Answer: (1) (iv) all of the above (2) 1 decade =— years. (i) 20 (ii) 50 (iii)100 (iv) 10 Answer: (2) (iv) 10 (3) We need to -- proper lubricants to lessen the level of emission. (i) burn (ii) use (iii)cut (iv) waste Answer: (3) (ii) use Short Answer Questions 2.Answer the following questions. (a) Who are the worst sufferers of such pollutions and why? Answer: (a) The dwellers of the urban areas are the worst sufferers of such pollution. The indiscriminate industrialization process in Bangladesh over the past decades has created significant environmental problems. (b) How can we get rid of air pollution in Bangladesh? Answer: (b) We can get rid of air pollution in Bangladesh by making less use of motor vehicles and avoiding the use of vehicles older than 20 years. We may also use proper lubricants to lessen the level of emission and pollutants. (c) What are the causes of environmental pollution? What is the condition of Bangladesh, at present? Answer: (c) The causes of environmental pollution are many. Bangladesh is now. apparently in the grip of all sorts of pollution like air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. (d) What do CNG and LPG mean? Why are they environment friendly? Answer: (d) CNG means Compressed Natural Gas and LPG means Liquid Petroleum Gas. They are environment friendly because they are less harmful (e) What are some of the major sources of air pollution in Bangladesh? Answer: (e) Poisonous exhaust from industrial plants, brick kilns, old or poorly- serviced vehicles and dust from roads and construction sites are some of the major sources of air pollution in Bangladesh. Bangla Translation বাংলাদেশ এখন বায়ু দূষণ, মাটি দূষণ এবং জল দূষণের মতো সকল ধরণের মানুষের কবলে। শহরাঞ্চলের বাসিন্দারা এই দূষণের শিকার। গত কয়েক দশক ধরে বাংলাদেশে নির্বিচারে শিল্পায়ন প্রক্রিয়া পরিবেশগত সমস্যা তৈরি করেছে। আমরা সকলেই এখন উল্লেখযোগ্য কিছু ধরণের পরিবেশ দূষণ এবং সেগুলি মোকাবেলার উপায় সম্পর্কে জানি। বায়ু দূষণ বায়ু দূষণ বিভিন্ন উৎস থেকে আসে। বাংলাদেশে শিল্প কারখানা, ইটভাটা, পুরানো বা খারাপভাবে পরিষেবা দেওয়া যানবাহন থেকে বিষাক্ত নির্গমন এবং রাস্তাঘাট এবং নির্মাণ স্থানের ধুলো বায়ু দূষণের কিছু প্রধান উৎস। মোটর গাড়ির ব্যবহার কমিয়ে এবং ২০ বছরেরও বেশি পুরানো যানবাহন ব্যবহার এড়িয়ে আমরা এই ধরণের দূষণ কমাতে পারি। নির্গমন এবং দূষণের মাত্রা কমাতে আমরা সঠিক লুব্রিকেন্টও ব্যবহার করতে পারি। আমরা গাড়ি জ্বালানির জন্য সংকুচিত প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাস (সিএনজি) বা তরল পেট্রোলিয়াম গ্যাস (এলপিজি) ব্যবহার করতে জনগণকে উৎসাহিত করতে পারি। সরকার মানব বসতি থেকে দূরে এলাকায় ইটভাটার মতো শিল্প স্থাপন করতে পারে। Ad Ad

Read the following passage and answer the questions below: "Today there are many jobs where you need English. This is because the world has become smaller. Vast  distances are shortened by speedy transport. We can talk to a person thousands of  kilometers away on the phone or the Internet. So we can communicate with the whole world easily. English has made this communication easier. There are many countries in the world with many languages, but to communicate with them, you cannot use all the languages. So you need a common language that you can use with more or less all the people in the world. English is that common language. You can talk to a Chinese toy. maker, a French artist, an Arab ambassador or a Korean builder in one language ----English. English for us in Bangladesh is all the more important. As we have seen earlier, we are too many people in a small country. So if you learn English, you have the best opportunity to find a good job, both within and outside the country. And that is good news for millions of our unemployed youths." "But Miss, we learn English for 12 or 14 years, yet we do not find good jobs, "says Rumi. She then tells the class about what happened to her brother. "Could you please tell us why?" Rumi asks. “This is a very important question, Rumi. We should learn how to use English both orally and in writing for doing things as needed in our work, such as communicating with others at personal, social, national and international levels. But unfortunately, at the moment we are learning English mainly for our exams," continues Mrs. Chowdhury. “Remember, English can greatly help you become, skilled workers." "But where and how can we learn this kind of English, Miss?" asks Ratan. Ms. Choudhury says, “We can learn this communicative English both in and outside the classroom. Beside your textbooks, the radio, television, newspapers, magazines, computers and other supplementary materials will greatly help you. And during our classroom activities, we'll see how we can learn this English. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. (a) English is a -- language. (i) national (ii) native (iii) global (iv) domestic Answer: (a) (iii) global (b) The word "unfortunately" in the passage is a/an (ii) adjective (ii) adverb (iii) noun (iv) proper noun Answer: (b) (ii) adverb (c) We can manage a good job by learning (ii) French (ii) English. (iii) Bangla (iv) Arabic Answer: (c) (ii) English (d) Basically, global village means -- (i) easy interaction among the people... people of the countries of the world (ii) interaction among us (iii) communication among three counter (iv) communication among our nation Answer: (d) (i) easy interaction among the people of the countries of the world (e) All the books of higher education are wait in (i) English (ii) French (iii) Arabic (iv)Bangla Answer: (e) (i) English (f) English is a -- for all nations. (i) lingua fracas (ii) not essential (iii) fake (iv) genuine Answer: (f) (i) lingua franca  (g) Whole refers to (i) complete (ii) semi--complete , (iii) fractional (iv) part Answer: (g) (i) complete Extra Questions : (1) Why should one learn English? (i) to get a job (ii) to pass in the exam (iii) to communicate (iv) all Answer: (1) (iv) all (2) What is the meaning of the word unfortunately in the passage? (i) courageously (ii) happily (iii) regrettably (iv) audaciously Answer: (2) (iii) regrettably (3) The word 'speedy' is a/ana. (i) noun (ii) verb (iii) adjective (iv) adverb Answer: (3) (iii) adjective (4) English has made communication -- (i) difficult (ii) hard (iii) easier (iv)problematic Answer: (4) (iii) easier (5) What does the word 'activities' refer to? (i) occupation (ii) profession (iii) function (iv) service Answer: (5) (iii) function (6) The word 'communicate' is here similar to, (i) convene (ii) discuss (iii) convey (iv)deliver Answer: (6) (iii) convey (7) 'Use' in the text refers to -- (i) narrate (ii) describe (iii) talk (iv) utilize Answer: (7) (iv) utilize (8) The word transport in the passage is a/an (i) verb (ii) noun (iii) adjective iv) adverb Answer: (8) (ii) noun (9) English makes a person -- (i) skilled (ii) moody (iii) sulky (iv) indifferent Answer: (9) (i) skilled (10) How should we utilize English? (i) verbally (ii) practically (iii) spoken and written (iv) orally Answer: (10) (iii) spoken and written (11)Where can students have demonstration of the way of learning English? (i) at the market (ii) at the press (iii) in the classroom (iv) on Television Answer: (11) (iii) in the classroom (12) The world has become smaller' means  (i) The world is now small in size than be  (ii) It has made the world smaller geographic  (iii) Communications have been easier by modern technologies  (iv) The world has become smaller because of its old age Answer: (12) (iii) Communications have been easier by the modern technologies (13) Which of the following best describes English as a language? (i) Free language (ii) Global language (iii) International language (iv) Critical language Answer: (13) (iii) International language (14) Which statement is true about those who know English? (i) Have the best opportunity to get a good job (ii) To get a good job within the country (iii) To get a good job across the world (iv) All of the above Answer: (14) (i) Have the best opportunity to get a good job (15) The correct meaning of the word 'orally! is -- (i) facial (ii) written (iii) verbally (iv) usually Answer: (15) (iii) verbally (16) The word 'ambassador' stands for -- (i) representative (ii) bearer (iii) tourist bi (iv) politician Answer: (16) (i) representative (17) The word supplementary in the passage means – (i) article (ii) essay (iii) heinous (iv) complementary Answer: (17) (iv) complementary (18) The word 'common' refers to (i) personal. (ii) general (iii) elites (iv) poor Answer: (18) (ii) general (19) English makes a person (i) unskilled (ii) skilled (iii) moody (iv) sulky Answer: (19) (ii) skilled (20) The word interview means -- (i) talking (ii) discussion (iii) job seeking (iv) mutual meeting Answer: (20) (iv) mutual meeting (21)The word 'supplementary stands for (i) supply (ii) excess (iii) normal (iv) important Answer: (21) (ii) excess  (22) How should we use English? (i) Both orally and in writing (ii) Only orally (iii) In writing (iv) None of the above Answer: (22) (i) Both orally and in writing (23) The word 'speedy' means -- (i) spirited (ii) highly (iii) rapid (iv) great Answer: (23) (iii) rapid (24) English is used to communicate at (i) one level (ii) two levels (iii) three levels iv) four levels Answer: (24) (iv) four levels Short Answer Question 2. Answer the following questions. (a) Why is a common language needed? Answer: (a)We need a common language because there are many countries in the world with many languages but we can't learn all the languages to communicate with them. So, to make communication easier a common language is needed. (b) What is the aim of reading the passage? Answer: (b) This passage represents a clear view of the importance and advantages of learning English. It also shows us the poor condition in our country about learning English. How we can improve our learning English is the aim of reading the passage. (c) What is communicative English? Answer: (c) Communicative English is such a language which makes communication easier among and the people of different nations. It is a common language that can be used by almost all the people in the world. (d) What is the condition of Bangladesh about learning English? Answer: (d) In Bangladesh we only learn English for our exams. We usually don't use it in communicating with others at personal, social and national level (e) What are the helping materials in learning English? Answer: (e) Besides textbook, the radio, television, newspapers, magazines, computers and other supplementary objects are the helping materials in learning English. Extra Questions : (1) What are the media to communicate with a 1. person promptly? Answer: (1) Bus, train, ship, radio, television etc. all are the media but nowadays phone and Internet are the most important media and using these one can communicate promptly and easily with a person lying anywhere in the world. (2) What things will assist the learners to learn English? Answer: (2) Practice in the class room will assist a learner to learn English. Besides, the radio, television, w newspapers, magazines, computers and other supplementary materials also help a learner. (3) What is, according to the passage, the importance of learning English in the present context? Answer:: (3) According to the passage, the importance of learning English is great. By learning English, we can communicate with any person of the world, get jobs at home and abroad. (4) How much should we be expert in English? Answer: (4) We should learn how to use English both orally and in writing so that we can do things such as communicating with others at personal, social, national and international levels. Without acquiring proper skill in English, we cannot go with (5) What steps should be taken to improve our English? Answer: (5) According to the passage we can learn English both inside and outside of classrooms. Besides textbooks, radio, TV, newspapers, magazines, computers and other supplementary materials can greatly o help us to improve our English. (6) From your reading of the 1st paragraph, explain how English has made the communication easier. Answer: (6) The people of the world speak different languages but as English is an international language all the people can communicate with anyone anywhere in the world. Thus English has made the communication easier. (7) What is the condition of Bangladesh about learning English? Answer: (7) In Bangladesh the students learn English only to pass the examination. They learn English for 12 to 14 years. But they cannot use English both orally and in writing. They cannot express their feelings to others in English. This is the condition of Bangladesh about learning English. (8) "English for us in Bangladesh is all the more important."-- explain in 2/3 sentences. Answer: (8) English for us in Bangladesh is all the more important because here there are too many people in a small country. So, by learning English we can get good jobs both inside and outside Bangladesh. (9) "We should learn English both in and outside the classroom" amplify the idea in our own words. Answer: (9) We should learn English both inside and outside of classroom. Besides textbook, we can learn English from the radio, television, newspaper, magazines, computers and other supplementary materials.  (10) Why are most of the people unemployed in our country? Answer: (10) It is English which is the most common and important language to communicate with others. English plays an important role for people to have a good job at home and abroad. But our people are weak in English. This weakness is the cause of their being unemployed. Bangla Translation "আজ এমন অনেক চাকরি আছে যেখানে ইংরেজির প্রয়োজন। এর কারণ হলো পৃথিবী ছোট হয়ে গেছে। দ্রুত পরিবহনের মাধ্যমে বিশাল দূরত্ব কমে যায়। আমরা হাজার হাজার কিলোমিটার দূরের একজন ব্যক্তির সাথে ফোন বা ইন্টারনেটে কথা বলতে পারি। তাই আমরা পুরো বিশ্বের সাথে সহজেই যোগাযোগ করতে পারি। ইংরেজি এই যোগাযোগকে আরও সহজ করে তুলেছে। বিশ্বে অনেক দেশ আছে যাদের অনেক ভাষা আছে, কিন্তু তাদের সাথে যোগাযোগ করার জন্য, আপনি সব ভাষা ব্যবহার করতে পারবেন না। তাই আপনার একটি সাধারণ ভাষা প্রয়োজন যা আপনি বিশ্বের কমবেশি সকল মানুষের সাথে ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। ইংরেজি হল সেই সাধারণ ভাষা। আপনি একজন চীনা খেলনা নির্মাতা, একজন ফরাসি শিল্পী, একজন আরব রাষ্ট্রদূত বা একজন কোরিয়ান নির্মাতার সাথে একই ভাষায় কথা বলতে পারেন ---- ইংরেজি। বাংলাদেশে আমাদের জন্য ইংরেজি আরও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। যেমনটি আমরা আগে দেখেছি, আমরা একটি ছোট দেশে অনেক বেশি লোক। তাই আপনি যদি ইংরেজি শিখেন, তাহলে দেশের ভেতরে এবং বাইরে ভালো চাকরি খুঁজে পাওয়ার সেরা সুযোগ পাবেন। এবং এটি আমাদের লক্ষ লক্ষ বেকার যুবকের জন্য সুখবর।" "কিন্তু মিস, আমরা ১২-১৪ বছর ধরে ইংরেজি শিখি, তবুও আমরা ভালো চাকরি পাই না," রুমি বলে। তারপর সে ক্লাসে তার ভাইয়ের সাথে কী ঘটেছিল তা বলে। "আপনি কি দয়া করে আমাদের বলতে পারেন কেন?" রুমি জিজ্ঞাসা করে। "এটি একটি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন, রুমি। আমাদের শেখা উচিত যে কীভাবে মৌখিক এবং লিখিত উভয়ভাবেই ইংরেজি ব্যবহার করতে হয় আমাদের কাজে, যেমন ব্যক্তিগত, সামাজিক, জাতীয় এবং আন্তর্জাতিক পর্যায়ে অন্যদের সাথে যোগাযোগ করার জন্য। কিন্তু দুর্ভাগ্যবশত, এই মুহূর্তে আমরা মূলত আমাদের পরীক্ষার জন্য ইংরেজি শিখছি," মিসেস চৌধুরী চালিয়ে যান। "মনে রাখবেন, ইংরেজি আপনাকে দক্ষ কর্মী হতে সাহায্য করতে পারে।" "কিন্তু কোথায় এবং কীভাবে আমরা এই ধরণের ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি, মিস?" রতন জিজ্ঞাসা করেন। মিসেস চৌধুরী বলেন, "আমরা ক্লাসরুমের ভেতরে এবং বাইরে উভয় জায়গায় এই যোগাযোগমূলক ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি। আপনার পাঠ্যপুস্তকের পাশাপাশি, রেডিও, টেলিভিশন, সংবাদপত্র, ম্যাগাজিন, কম্পিউটার এবং অন্যান্য পরিপূরক উপকরণ আপনাকে অনেক সাহায্য করবে। এবং আমাদের শ্রেণীকক্ষের কার্যকলাপের সময়, আমরা দেখব কিভাবে আমরা এই ইংরেজি শিখতে পারি।" Ad Ad

Mymensingh Board-2023 Sub Code 1 0 8 Time : 3 hours English (Compulsory) 2nd Paper Total Marks : 100 [According to the Syllabus of 2023] [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A: Grammar (60 Marks) 1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: 0.5x10=5 The orphanage is high (a) — the Carolina mountains. The writer was there (b) the autumn. She preferred peaceful environment to pen some troublesome writing. She wanted the mountain air to blow (c) the malaria from too long a time (d) — the subtropics. She was homesick (e) — the flaming (f) — maples (g) — October and for many other things. She found them all living (h)-- a cabin belonging (i) -- the orphanage, half a mile (j) —orphanage farm. 2. Complete the following sentences with the words/phrases given in the boxes: 0.5x10=5 what's .... like there have to/has to let alone had better what does .... look like was born as soon as it would rather (a) These kids are fun-loving. They — play than study. (b) She is an irresponsible person. You can't trust her with your dog, with your child. (c) A: — your new office —? B : I love it. The environment. is very peaceful. (d) The show resumed —the power supply was restored. It was a great relief for the spectators. (e) I have to meet my aunt in 15 minutes. I — go now or I will he late. (f) The weather is very hot and humid. — is expected that it will rain this evening. (g) —goes a proverb that unity is strength. So, we must be united till we reach our goal. (h) In England, school children — wear uniforms. What about Bangladesh? (i) Shakespeare — and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. (j) Son : Dad, — an Arctic fox —? Father : I've no idea. But you can always Google the term and find out. 3. Complete the sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: 1 x 10=10 (a) There was a little rain yesterday. If it had rained heavily, —. (b) Though junk foods look appetizing, —. We should avoid them. (c) Opportunity does not always come. You would have succeeded in life provided that —. (d) The old man is very weak. He walks very slowly lest —. (e) The amount of waste is growing rapidly all over the world and polluting the environment. It is high time —_ (f) I wish I —. I would express my feelings in my poems. (g) English is an international language. We need to learn it as —. (h) Kiran got a foreign scholarship. She was so happy that—. (i) It was my first lecture. I was too nervous —. (j) Manners define a man. We always appreciate a person —. 4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct forms of verbs: 0.5x14=7 Cricket (a) — (be) a popular game. Now-a-days, people (b) — (long) to watch it to get pleasure. Cricket (c) ¬(call) a gentlemen's game too. A bond of friendship (d) -- (create) among the playing nations. The Bangladesh national cricket team is popularly (e) — (know) as the Tigers. Our cricket team (f) — (be) very organized. It already (g) — (prove) its worth in many an international match. Our cricketers (h) — (be) capable of (i) — (compete) with the renowned cricket teams of the world. The prestige of our country already (j) — (go) up in the international arena; thanks to our cricket team. In spite of its renown, sometimes our cricket team (k) — (shock) us by (I) — (perform) poorly. Even after that, we believe, our cricketers (m) — (outshine) all other competitors in future. However, they (n) — (need) more vigorous practice to reach their goals. 5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 "What kind of stories did Aesop tell?" asked Anwar. "Fables," replied Mr. Rahman. "Do you know what fables are?" "No," replied Anwar. "Well," continued Mr. Rahman, "Fables are stories with a moral. And Aesop entertained people by telling these stories." 6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blank spaces as directed within the brackets: 0.5x 10=5 The purpose of education is to bring about (a) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) changes in (b) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) behaviour. It also brings changes in our lives and society (c) — (use a relative clause to post-modify the noun). if it fails to do so, it can't be called education. Education is not only receiving certificates and getting grades. It is (d) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) more than that, we can apply our (e) — (use a past participle to pre-modify the noun) knowledge in our engagement with the world that k lies, (f) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). We can do that in (g) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) ways. One way is civic engagement whicftis (h) — (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb 'appreciated') appreciated all over the world. Civic engagement means working to make difference in civic life (i) — (use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun `life'). A person (j) — (use a past participle to post modify the noun) civically is concerned about civic issues like injustice, discrimination and other forms of social ills. 7. . Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage: 0.5x14=7 Time, by its very nature, is fleeting. (a) —, time once gone is gone forever. (b) — the sincere people realize the value of time. (c) —, not everyone is aware of the value of time. (d) —, it is seen that many of us waste time. (e) —, we realize the significance of lost time when it is too late. (f) —, we suffer in life. (g) —, all of us should make the best use of time. (h) —, proper time management is the key to success in student life. (i) --, we find that an ideal student is the one who makes the best use of time. (j) —, a lazy student fails to make the grade as he kills time. (k) —, the teachers advise their students not to waste time. (1) —, they warn the students against their addiction to social networking sites and gaming. (m) —, students should follow the advice of their teachers. (n) —, they will suffer in the long run. 8. Read the following passage and then write the antonym and synonym of the words as directed: 0.5x 14=7 Sumi is a good-looking young women. Her large dark eyes are beautiful. Her complexion is flawless and she has got a lovely smile. Her long black hair is full and shiny. She is tall and slender, and her movement is graceful. And, she always dresses stylishly. Everyone appreciates her beauty. But Sumi worries that people do not notice her talents and hard work. She wants people to know that a woman can have beauty, ambition and a bit of intelligence too. (a) good-looking (synonym) (b) dark (synonym) (c) flawless (synonym) (d) shiny (antonym) (e) slender (antonym) (f) graceful (synonym) (g) stylishly (antonym) (h) appreciate (antonym) (i) worries (antonym) (j) notice (antonym) (k) talent (synonym) (1) beauty (antonym) (m) ambition (synonym) (n) intelligence (synonym) 9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors: 0.5x14=7 Son : Did you keep a diary during the Liberation War Father : Yes I did Son : Can I have a look at it Father : Im afraid Ive lost it. Son : Do you remember anything about it Father : Yes I remember one event there were lots of sounds and bangs outside one night you wanted to look out but we didnt let you. Son : Why Father : Becauit it was very dangerous. You were only four years old then. Part B: Composition (40 Marks) 10. Suppose, you are a student of 'X' College, Dhaka. Now, write an application to the Principal of your college for providing multimedia facilities in the classrooms. 10 11. Write a paragraph within 200 words describing the importance of "Tree Plantation". 15 12. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting between "Village life and City life" within 200 words. 15 Key To Mymensingh Board-2023 1. (a) in; (b) in; (c) out; (d) in; (e) for; (f) of; (g) in; (h) in; (i) to; 0) beyond. 2. (a) would rather; (b) let alone; (c) What's .... like;. (d) as soon as; (e) had better; (f). It; (g) There; (h) have to; (i) was born; j) what does .... look like. 3. (a) If it had rained heavily, the roads would have been. (b) Though junk foods looks appetizing, they are harmful to health. (c) You would have succeeded in life provided that you had utilized your opportunities. (d) He walks very slowly lest he should fall down. (e) It is high time we reduced the amount of our waste. (f) I wish I were a poet. (g) We need to learn it as we cannot communicate globally without it. (h) She was so happy that she could not hold her tears. i) I was too nervous to deliver my lecture properly. j) We always appreciate a person who is good mannered. 4. (a) is; (b) long; (c) is called; (d) is created; (e) known; (f) is; (g) has proved; (h) are; (i) competing; j) has gone; (k) shocks; (l) performing; (m) will outshine; (n) need. 5. Anwar asked Mr. Rahman what kind of stories Aesop had told. Mr. Rahman replied that he (A) had told fables. Then Mr. Rahman asked Anwar if he knew what fables were.. Anwar replied in the negative. Mr. Rahman then continued that fables are stories with a moral. He (R) added that Aesop had entertained people by telling those stories. 6. (a) positive; (b) our; (c) in which we live; (d) much/far-, (e) learnt/obtained/acquired; (f) outside; (g) man,. different; (h) highly; (i) of the community; j) engaged. 7. (a) So/As a matter of fact/Thus/That is why; (b) Only; (c) In other words; (d) Often/Consequentl% (e) Unfortunately/Most regrettably/Finally; (f) Consequently/Asa consequence/As a result; (g) Therefore Hereafter/ So; (h) Undoubtedly/'Unquestionably/InfactN6 doubt, (i) For example/In this case/That being the case; j) On the other hand/In contrast/Contrastingly; (k) For this/So/Therefore; (l) Not only that/Besides!ln addition; (m) Anyway/No doubt/Under the circumstances; (n) Otherwise. 8. (a) charming/beautiful/lovely/attractive; (b) black; (c) perfect/immaculate/spotless; (d) math/dull/roughened; (e) obese/fat; (f) elegant/sophisticated; (g) awkwardly/unfashionably/shabbily; (h) denounce/criticize/despise; (i) relaxes/enjoys; j) overlook/neglect/ignore; (k) skill/merit/intelligence; (l) ugliness/unattractiveness; (m) desire/dream/aspiration; (n) wisdom/intellect/'insight. 9. Son : Did you keep a diary during the Liberation War? Father : Yes, I did. Son : Can I have a look at it? Father: I'm afraid I've lost it. Son :'Do you remember anything about it? Father : Yes, I remember one event. There were lots of sounds and bangs outside one night You wanted to look out but we didn't let you. Son Why? Father: Because it was very dangerous. You were only four years old then. Ad Ad Ad Ad

Rajshahi Board-2023 Sub Code 1 0 8 Time : 3 hours English (Compulsory) 2nd Paper Total Marks : 100 [According to the Syllabus of 2023] [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] 1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: 0.5x10=5 But at last God took pity (a) — him. One day the sailor was watching the water-snakes swimming (b) — the ship. Their colours were so beautiful and he was filled (c) — such a strange wonder that he felt a great love (d) — them and blessed them (e) — his heart. At once, the dead albatross fell (0 — his neck (g) — the sea. A gentle breeze began to blow (h) — the south and the old man fell (i) — a deep sleep. When he woke up, it was raining and he felt fresh again. Thus, the old man was relieved (j) — his sufferings. 2. Complete the following sentences with suitable words/phrases given in the box: 0.5x10=5 it i there 1 has to ' what's like - ' had better what does....look like was born , let alone : would rather : as soon as (a) Rupa — take up the profession of teaching than be a nurse. She thinks teaching is a noble profession. (b) Edmund Burke was an orator, writer and shrewd politician. He — in 1729 in England. (c) He cannot teach in a high school, — in a university. (d) — is difficult to regain lost health. So, we should always take care of our health. (e) — flows a river beside our village. The river is useful to us in many ways. (0 Sarika is an examinee. She — study a lot to make a good result. (g) — honesty —? I think it to be a noble virtue. (h) Rita is ill. We — go to see her. She will be happy to see us. (i) The girls fell sick—they had foods. The foods were contaminated. (j) — an elephant —? I have never seen it before. 3. Complete the sentences with suitable clauses and phrases: 1 x 10=10 (a) The martyrs laid down their lives in 1971. They did it so that— (b) It's too late. —, we would not have missed the train. (c) The poem is too difficult for —. (d) Danger comes where —. So, we have to be careful in our life. (e) She spoke as if—. She was actually a quack. (f) The thief was afraid of police. He An away lest — arrested. (g) Despite —, he helps his relatives. (h) He took Logic — History. History seems to be difficult to him. (i) If I had been hungry, But I am not hungry at all. (j) Corruption is a curse. It is high time the government — . 4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with correct forms 'of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5x14=7 If all the children (a) — (go) to school, the country (b) — (get) rid of the curse of illiteracy. To boost up education, the govt. (c) — (spend) more money. Subsidies must (d) — (give) in the education sector. Teachers (e) — (need) to (f) — (train) for good teaching. The poor students can (g) — (bring) under "Food for Education" programme. We (h) — (take) care that no institution (i) — (close) down due to political clashes. All concerned (j) — (be) conscious about it. If we cannot (k) — (keep) pace with the present world, we (1) — (lag) behind. For this we have to (m) — (ensure) education for all and set a bright prospect for (n)— (implement) all necessary steps. 5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speech: 7 "I can chop some wood today," said Jerry "But 1 have a boy coming from the orphanage." "I am the boy." "You? But you are small." "Size does not matter, chopping wood," said Jerry. "Some of the big boys don't chop good. I've been chopping wood for a long time," said Jerry to the writer. 6. Read the following text and use modifiers in the blanks directed: 0.5x10=5 People around were just watching as the (a) — (pre-modify the noun) boy started (b) — (post-modify the verb) into the (c) — (pre-modify the noun) canal. Then the traffic constable came. (d) — (pre-modify the noun with a present participle) no time, he jumped into the canal. The (e) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) constable did not think of his (f) — (pre-modify the noun) life. He was (g) — (use an intensifier to pre- modify the adjective) kind that he risked his life. People (h) — (post-modify the noun) by the canal praised him (i) ¬(post-modify the verb with an adverb). This type of person is a model (j) — (post-modify the noun). 7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following text: 0.5x14=7 The greatness of a,book depends (a) — on the acceptability among the readers. (b) — we read a book (c) — once, we can discover many things in it. (d) — basing on one reading, we cannot judge the standard of a book. (e) — a book is praised (0 —, we have no doubt about the greatness of the hook. (g) — the first reading, we may not understand a book. But if it is read more than once, we will see (h) — it was read (i) — praised. So, the great books are those (j) ¬have passed the test of time. (k) — the appeal of a great hook doesn't decrease. (1) —, the greatness of the book is newly felt (m) — time passes. (n) — a great book is widely read and reread by people all over the world. 8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below: 0.5x14=7 He is optimistic of his success. He works hard and abides by his teachers' guidelines. He understands that it is important to be diligent. He does not rely on any one and believes that honesty and hard work can help one reach the peak of success. He harbours the faith that a laborious man is sure to shine. (a) optimistic (antonym) (b) success (antonym) (c) hard (synonym) (d) guidelines (synonym) (e) understand (synonym) (f) important (antonym) (g) diligent (synonym) (h) rely (synonym) (i) honesty (antonym) (j) help (antonym) (k) peak (synonym) (1) harbour (synonym) (m) laborious (antonym) (n) shine (synonym) 9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Rewrite the text correcting the errors: 0.5x14=7 Raja : What are you doing Rana Rana : I am reading a letter Raja : Letter? From whom Rana : It's from my penfriend. Shes an Australian. Her names Lucy. Raja : How old is she Rana : Sixteen The same as us. She lives in Sydney. Raja : Sydney what's that Rana : Its a city in the south-east of Australia. Raja : How do you know about it Rana : Lucy has sent me a picture of it. Raja : Can you show me the picture Rana : Yes, here it is. You see, it looks very nice, doesn't it Part B: Composition (40 Marks) 10. Suppose, you are Shafayat. You want to get admitted into an English Language Course run by the British Council. Write an e-mail to the manager for detail. 10 11. Write a paragraph on "Importance of Moral Values" in 200 Words. 15 12. Write a paragraph on "Global Warming" in 200 words. 15 Key to Rajshahi Board-2023 1. (a) on; (b) round; (c) with; (d) for; (e) from; (f) from; (g) into; (h) from; (i) into; 0) of. 2. (a) would rather; '(b) was born; (c) let alone; (d) It; (e) There; (f) has to; (g) What's ...like; (h) had better; (i) as, soon as; j) What does... look like. 3. (a) They did it so that Bangladesh could gain independence. (b) If we had started earlier, we would not have missed the train. (c) The poem is too difficult for me to understand clearly. (d) Danger comes where it is feared. (e) She spoke as if she had been a specialist. (f) He ran away lest he should be arrested. (g) Despite being poor/having limitations, he helps his relatives. (h) He took Logic in lieu of History. (i) If I had been hungry, I would have eaten food. It is high time the government took stern steps against corruption. 4. (a) go/went; (b) will get/would get-, (c) should spend; (d) be given; (e) need; (f) be trained; (g) be brought; (h) should/ have to/must take; (i) closes/is closed; 0) should be; (k) keep; (1) will lag; (m) ensure; (n) implementing. 5. Jerry told the writer that he could chop some wood that day. But the writer informed that she (w) had a boy, coming from the orphanage. Jerry stated that he was the boy. The writer expressed surprise and commented that he was small. At this, Jerry responded that size did not matter, chopping wood. He also remarked that some of the big boys didn't chop good and added that he had been chopping wood fora long time. 1 4 6. (a) little/young; (b) drowning; (c) deep; (d) Wasting; (e) kind/compassionate; (f) own; (g) so; (h) gathered/ standing; (i) profusely/ highly; 0) of kindness and sacrifice/for the society. 7. (a) mainly/largely/completely; (b) When/If, (c) for/only/just; (d) However/But (e) If/When; (f) widely/ highly; (g) After/During; (h) why; (i) as well as/and; 0) that/which; (k) In fact/Actually/Truly speaking; (1) Rather; (m) when; (n) This is why/So/Therefore. 8. (a) pessimistic/dejectech'hopeless; (b) failure; (c) diligently/industriously/seriously; (d) instructions/directives/advice; (e) realize/comprehend;, (f) insignificant/unimportant; (g) hard-working/industrious; (h) depend; (i) fraudulence/ dishonesty/immorality; 0) obstruct/hinder; (k) zenith/summit/top; (1) cherish/have/hold; (m) lazy/idle/ sluggish; (n) succeed/prosper. 9. Raja What are you doing, Rana? Rana I am reading a letter. Raja Letter? From whom? Rana It's from my penfriend. She's an Australian. Her name's Lucy. Raja How old is she? Rana Sixteen, the same as us. She lives in Sydney. Raja Sydney? What's that? Rana It's a city in the south-east of Australia. Raja How do you know about it? Rana Lucy has sent me a picture of it. Raja Can you show me the picture? Rana Yes, here it is. You see, it looks very nice, doesn't it? Ad Ad Ad Ad

Dinajpur Board-2023 Sub Code 1 0 8 Time : 3 hours English (Compulsory) 2nd Paper Total Marks : 100 [According to the Syllabus of 2023] [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A : Grammar (60 Marks) 1. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: 0.5x10=5 Drug addiction has become a serious problem (a) — modern society. Many young men and women are falling victims (b) — this. There are many reasons (c) -- drug addiction. Drugs are expensive. So, to manage money, the addicts often go (d) --- stealing, killing or all sorts of misdeeds. Drugs are smuggled (e) — a country and the smugglers carry (f) -- drug business freely. Bangladesh is not free (g) — the curse of drugs. But we cannot allow this (h) — our country. The first thing to do is to highlight its dangerous effects (i) — people. The government and mass media can play an effective role (j)— this respect. 2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/words given in the box. 0.5x10=5 have to what's like had better was born what does... look like would rather as soon as it (a) Your performance is not satisfactory. You will — be careful in future. let alone there (b) Mr. X is an honest man. He — die than steal. (c) I am a poor student. I cannot buy my necessary books, — a smart phone set. (d) You have failed in the test examination. You start reading attentively from today. (e) Madhusudan Dutta is an epic poet. He — at Sagardari in Jashore. (f) I had a bad luck. — I reached the station, the train left. (g) — the Bay of Bengal —? My friend is going there for a visit tomorrow. (h) — it — travelling by an air? I have no idea about it. (i) Recently I have visited the Sundarbans. — are tigers in it. (j) — is many years since I saw him last. Today I cannot recognize him. 3. Complete the following sentences with suitable clauses/phrases: 1 xl0=10 (a) Honesty is the best policy. The people who are honest (b) Because of greenhouse effect, the climate --. (c) You cannot shine in life (d) Overeating is harmful to health. It is high time (e) There goes a proverb that morning --. (0 I work hard although (g) No sooner had I reached the college --. (h) There are so many poor people in our country. I wish —. (i) In spite of having all facilities, the boy (j) The old man — is my grandfather. 4. Read the following text and fill the gaps with correct form of verbs as per subject and context. 0.5x14=7 Deforestation (a) — (mean) cutting down trees at random. It (b) — (cause) mainly by a group of dishonest people. They cut trees (c) — (make) profit. Ordinary people also (d) -- (use) trees as fuel and furniture. Because of (e) -- (cut) more and more trees, we are going (t — (face) a great danger in the coming future. We (g) — (know) that oxygen (h) — (supply) by trees for animals. Without (i) — (take) oxygen, we cannot live a single moment. If trees (j) — (cut) down in this way, the amount of carbon dioxide (k) — (increase) in the atmosphere. As a result, the heat (I) — (rise). It (m) — (call) greenhouse effect. (n) — (enjoy) a peaceful life, we must plant more and more trees. 5. Change the form of narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 "Why do you stop me?" asked Rubel. "Have I done any wrong?" "You are driving so fast. It is not the rule," said the traffic sergeant. "Sorry, Sir. My mother is in the hospital. So, I am in a hurry," said Rubel. 6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces. 0.5x10=5 An (a) — (pre-modify the noun) student is he who has (b) — (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) good qualities. He studies (c) — (post modify the verb). He knows that the (d) — (pre-modify the noun) duty of a student is to study. So, he never neglects (e) — (use a possessive) duty. He even makes the proper use of (f) use a determiner to pre-modify the noun) moment. Sabuj, (g) -- (post modify the noun with an appositive) of our class. is an example of a good student. Sabuj is (h) — (pre-modify the adjective) helpful to us. I try (i) — (modify erb with an infinitive) a boy like Sabuj. I want to be one of the (j)— (pre-modify the noun) stars in the class. 7. Use appropriate sentence connectors in the blank spaces of the following passage. 0.5x14=7 A cyclone is a devastating storm in Bangladesh that moves at a high speed. (a) -- it causes immense harm to people and property. (b) — the inhabitants of coastal regions are the main victims of cyclone. (c) — the cyclone of Bangladesh originates from the Bay of Bengal. (d) — it is accompanied by thunders and heavy showers. (e) -unbearable heat is felt for a few days. (f) — one day the sky becomes terribly dark and strong winds begin to blow. (g) — a terrible situation is created that lasts for hours. (h) — it causes a great havoc causing death to people and other animals. (i) — dwelling houses are blown away. (j) the cyclone is followed by scarcity of food and outbreak of various diseases. (k) — the great loss caused by cyclone can be reduced. (1) — prior warning can be given to people using modern technology of weather forecast. (m) — people and domestic animals of the cyclone-prone areas can be shifted to cyclone shelters. (n) — a quick relief work and medical facilities should be ensured. 8. Read the passage below and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed: 0.5x14=7 A rift was created between Shilpi and Rashid and their extended family. Some of the members insulted and criticized the couple. Unable to convince their close' relatives of the risks of pregnancy, Shilpi and Rashid returned to the counsellor. They took the help of .a parent peer who had been trained to speak to other parents about adolescent issues. Eventually everyone comes to understand the harmful effects of early pregnancy on mother and child. (a) create (synonym) (b) extended (antonym) (c) insult (antonym) (d) criticize (antonym) (e) unable (antonym) (0 close (synonym) (g) early (antonym) (h) return (synonym) (i) help (synonym) (j) everyone (antonym) (k) harmful (antonym) (1) effect (synonym) (m) counsellor (synonym) (n) trained (antonym) 9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation in the following text. Re-write the text correcting the errors. Use capital letter if necessary: 0.5x14=7 He said i can chop some wood today. you but youre small said I. Size dont matter chopping wood some of the big boys dont chop good. ive been chopping wood at the orphanage a long time. ' Part B: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 10. Suppose, you are a student of a college in Jashore. Many outsiders disturb the students in your college campus during class hours. Now, write an application to your Principal for taking measures against outsiders. 10 11. Write a paragraph on 'International Mother Language Day'. Your paragraph should not exceed 200 words. 15 12. Write a cause and effect paragraph on "Environment Pollution'. Your paragraph should not exceed 200 words. 15 Key to Dinajpur Board-2023 1. (a) in; (b) to; (c) behind/for; (d) for; (e) h1to; (f) out; (g) from; (h) in; (i) on; in. 2. (a) have to; (b) would rather; (c) let alone; (d) had better; (e) was born (f) As soon as; (g) What does ... look like; (h) What's ... like;- (i) There; j) It. 3. (a) The people who are honest are loved and respected by all. (b) Because of greenhouse effect, the climate is changing day by day. (c) You cannot shine in life unless you work hard. (d) It is high time we stopped overeating. (e) There goes a proverb that morning shows the day. (f) I work hard although I don't usually get what I deserve., (g) No sooner had I reached the college than the rain started. (h) I wish I could provide them with food and money. (i) Inspire of having all facilities, the boy does not study well/ cannot make a good result in the exam. The old man who came here yesterday is my grandfather. 4. (a) means; (b) is caused; (c). to make; (d) use; (e) cutting; (f) to face; (g) know; (h) is supplied; (i) taking; j) are cut; (k) will increase; (1) will rise; (m) is called; (n) To enjoy. 5. Rubel asked the traffic sergeant why he (TS) stopped him (R).He (R) also asked'him (TS) if he (R) had done any wrong. The traffic sergeant replied that he (R) was driving very fast and added that it was not the rule. Then Rubel apologized and said that his mother was in the hospital and so, he (R) was in a hurry. 6. (a) ideal; (b) many/some; (c) attentively/sincerely/regularly; (d) foremost/main/prime; (e) his; (f) cverys(g) one of the students/ the first boy; (h) very; (i) to be; j) brightest/most shinning/most glittering. 7. (a) Obviously/Evidently; (b) Especially/Particblarly,- (c) Generally/Mainly; (d) Usually/Besides/Also/Most often; (e) Earlier/Prior to that/Beforehand; (f) Then/Later/Suddenly; (g) At that time/Ultimately; (h) No doubt/ Undoubtedly/Eventually; (i) For example/For instance; 0) Moreover/ Not only that; (k) However/Anyway; (l) Firstly/For example/For this/For that; (m) Secondly/Besides/Also; (n) Above all/Most importantly/Finally. 8. (a) start/cause/make; (b) nuclear; (c) praise/ appreciate; (d) laud/admire; (e) able/capable; (f) near/dear; (g) belated/delayed/late; (h) come back; (i) assistance/support/aid/advice; j) none/nobody/ no one; (k) harmless/ beneficial, (l) impact/consequence/result; (m) consultant/adviser; (n) untrained/unprepared. 9. He said, "I can chop some wood today." "You? But you're small,".said I. "Size don't matter, chopping wood. Some of the big boys don't chop good. I've been chopping wood at the orphanage a long time.". Ad Ad Ad Ad

Jashore Board-2023 Sub Code 1 0 8 Time : 3 hours English (Compulsory) 2nd Paper Total Marks : 100 [According to the Syllabus of 2023] [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A : Grammar (60 Marks) 1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions: 0.5x10=5 Books are really our best friends as we can rely (a) — them when we are bored, upset, depressed, lonely or annoyed. They share (b) -- us information and knowledge whenever we need. They enable us to have a glimpse (c) — cultures, traditions, arts, history, geography, health, psychology and many other subjects and aspects of life. Good books always guide us (d) — the right path (e) — life. Reading good books helps us understand the world (f) — us better. While readingbooks, we build new and creative thoughts, images and opinions (g) — our mind. This habit helps us explore life (h) -- different perspectives. In other words, it has several positive effects (i) — our body, mind and soul. In fact, the habit of reading is one (j) — the best qualities that a person can possess. 2. Complete the followingsentences with suitable phrases/wordsliven tithe box: 0.5x10=5 was born as soon as would rather what does....look like had better what's... like have to/has to let alone there it (a) Manners make a man. Students — practise good manners in everyday life. (b) You look exhausted. You — take rest to refresh yourself. (c) Raihan has not yet got 1st dose of COVID-19 vaccine, — booster dose. (d) Our spring is very charming. During spring, various kinds of flowers bloom. — seems that everything has got a new life. (e) Ria : — the frozen mountain peak --? Purnima `. It looks like a white dome. (f) Kazi Nazrul Islam is our rebel poet. He — in Churulia of West Bengal. (g) The sky is cloudy and it may storm at any moment. So, we should start our journey — possible. (h) — your family —? I belong to a nuclear family. (i) I — learn than quarrel with them. (j) — was a time when people used to travel on foot or riding animals. 3. Completing sentences using suitable clauses/phrases: 1 x10=10 (a) Florence Nightingale wanted to be a nurse with a view to —. (b) If I had the wings of a bird, I —. (c) Unity is strength. United we stand, —. (d) Time plays a very crucial role in human life. We cannot prosper in life unless —. (e) Whenever my uncle comes to our house, he —. I have never seen him coming to our house empty-handed. (f) It is high time you —. It is detrimental to health. (g) The box is very heavy. Are you strong enough —? (h) John is fond of reading. Whenever he goes to the book fair, —. (i) Rima is a good singer. She sings so well that —. (j) Since Bangladesh is an agricultural country, --. We should put emphasis on our agricultural sectors. 4. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct form of verbs as per subject and context: 0.5x14=7 Dhaka, the world's densest and fastest growing city, (a) — (face) unbearable traffic jams. There (b) — (be) many reasons fbr this. The ever increasing number of vehicles and population (c) — (be) the main reason. During a traffic jam, people (d) — (has) to suffer much. They have to (e) — (move) inch by inch. They have to wait on roads hours after hours (f) — (face) unbearable sufferings. Again, the roads of Dhaka city (g) — (be not) spacious. Only seven percent of Dhaka city is (h) — (cover) by roads, compared with around 25 percent of Paris and Vienna. If anybody falls in a traffic jam, he (i) — (not know) when he will reach home. Sometimes, a distance of lkm (j) -- (take) an hour to cross. Office and school goers find it very difficult (k) — (reach) their destination in time. Our goveinment (1) -- (try) heart and soul to solve this problem. Flyovers (m) — (build) in different places in order to control traffic jam. Besides, traffic police and sergeants (n) — (see) filing cases against vehicles breaking road transport rules. But still it is becoming impossible to control traffic jam. 5. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: 7 "I have won a lottery and got 10 lakh taka," said Samira. " Congratulations!" I said. "What do you intend to do with the large amount of money?" "I want to serve my poor 'village people. So, I have made up my mind to establish a hospital in our rural area," Samira replied. "Thank you," I said. "I shall also help you in this respect." 6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces: 0.5x10=5 Language plays a (a) -- (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) important tole in our life. We use language from the time we wake up (b) -- (post-modify the verb) till we go to bed at night. We use language, Ere not only in our (c) — (pre-modify- the noun) hours, but also in our .dreams. We use language (d) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what we feel and to say what we like or dislike. We also use language (e) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) — (pre-modify the adjective) present in our life. It is an (g) — (pre-modify the noun) part of our life. As an (h) — (pre-modify the noun) nation we also have a language. But we had to struggle (i) — (use adverb to post-modify the verb) to establish the right to our language. Many (j) --- (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) sons of our country sacrificed their lives for our mother-tongue. 7. Use appropriate sentence connectors/linkers in the blank spaces of the following passage. 0.5x14=7 Leisure is the moment (a) — a man is totally free from his work. In leisure, a man is (b) — free from work but also from worries and tension. (c) --, it is a time (d) — a man is his own master and the mind is relaxed (e) ¬the body is at rest. (f) — our life is full of duties. By performing our duties one after another, it seems (g) — our life is an exhausting business. This is the tragedy of our life that we cannot avoid our work and worries. (h) leisure helps us to break this chain and enable us to refresh ourselves and revive our spirit. Leisure breaks the monotony of existence with a touch of variety. (i) -- we look into developed countries, we will see that people love to spend their leisure in different ways. (j) —, they never idle away their leisure time. (k) —, it is seen that some people love to go for travelling, some enjoy sight-seeing in different places. (l) —, some people spend their free time playing different types of games. (m) — leisure is always a source of joy. (n) --, everybody should try to find leisure to enjoy it to make the life happy and peaceful. 8. Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below. 0.5 x 14=7 Illiteracy is a curse. It retards all development work of a country. It is said that an illiterate nation gropes in darkness with no definite goal. In fact, an illiterate person is conservative, superstitious and blind. He can contribute very little to his society and country. He is unconscious and unaware of his right and responsibilities. The whole country is responsible for this. Most of our people are illiterate and poor. In fact, illiteracy, caused by poverty, stands in the way of success. All should be practical and pragmatic while* addressing this problem. Effective measures must be taken by all concerned to remove illiteracy and thus make the nation enlightened. (a) curse (antonym) (b) retards (synonym) (c) illiterate (antonym) (d) darkness (antonym) (e) goal (synonym) (f) conservative (antonym) (g) little (synonym) (h) unconscious (synonym) (i) whole (synonym) (j) success (antonym) (k) responsibilities (synonym) (1) measure (synonym) (m) poor (antonym) (n)' remove (synonym) 9. There are fourteen errors in the use of punctuation marks in the following text. Rewrite the text correcting the errors. 0.5x14=7 Rodela : Hello Rahela what are you doing Rahela : Im reading a newspaper Rodela : Do you read them regularly Rahela : Yes everyday before breakfast Don't you Rodela : No I don't. Whats the use of it Rahela : Newspaper is an indispensible part of our life It helps us in many ways. Part B: Composition (40 Marks) 10. Suppose, you are a student of class XII of 'X' college. Write an application to the Principal of your college for ensuring safe drinking water in the college campus. 10 11. Write a paragraph on 'The Padma Bridge' within 200 words. 15 12. Write a paragraph on 'The causes and effects of failure in English' within 200 words. 15 Key to   Jashore Board-2023 1. (a) on; (b) with; (c) of, (d) to; (e) of/in; (f) around; (g) in; (h) from; (i) on; 0) of. 2. (a) have to; (b) had better; (c) let alone; (d) It; (e) What does .... look like; (f) was born; (g) as soon as, (h) What's ....like; (i) would rather; 0) There. 3. (a) Florence Nightingale wanted to be a nurse with a view to serving the. ailing people. (b), If I had the wings of a bird, I would fly in the sky. (c) United we stand, divided we fall. (d) We cannot prosper in life unless we make the best use of it. (e) Whenever my uncle comes to our house, he brings different types of food for me. (f) It is high time you gave up smoking. (g) Are you strong enough to lift it/carry it? (h) Whenever he goes to the book fair, he buys some books. (i) She sings so well that we cannot help praising her. j) Since Bangladesh is an agricultural country, her economy largely depends on agriculture. 4. (a) faces; (b) are; (c) is. (d) have; (e) move; (f) facing; (g) are not; (h) covered; (i) does not know; takes; (k) to reach; (l) is trying; (m) are being built; (n) are seen. 5. Samira told me that she had won a lottery and got'10 lakh taka. I congratulated her and asked her what she intended to do with the large amount of money. Samira replied that she wanted to serve her poor village people and so she had made up her mind to establish a hospital in their rural area. I thanked her and told her that I would also help her in this respect. 6. (a) very; (b) in the morning; (c) waking/active; (d) to express; (e) to share/to transfer/to record/to exchange; (f) ever/constantly/always; (g) inseparable/essential/important; (h) independent; (i) hard/earnestly/persistently; j) valiant/ brave/heroic. 7. (a) when; (b) not only; (c) Basically/Actually; (d) when; (e) and/as well as; (f) Needless to say/Undoubtedly; (g) that; (h) But/However/In this regard; (i) If, 0) And/Remarkably/In fact; (k) For example/Often; (1) Also Besides/Moreover; (m) ThusiNo doubt; (n) This is why/So. 8. (a) blessingiboon; (b) hinders/impedes/postpones; (c) literate/learned/educated; (d) light; (e) aim/ambition/ target; (f) liberal/unorthodox; (g), slightly/nominally/negligibly; (h) unaware/ignorant/uninformed; (i) entire; 0) failure; (k) duties; (1) step/action; (m) rich/wealthy; (n) eradicate/eliminate. 9. Rodela Hello! Rahela, what are you doing? Rahela 'I'm reading a newspaper. Rodela Do you read them regularly? Rahela Yes, everyday before breakfast. Don't you? Rodela No, I don't. What's the use of it? Rahela Newspaper is'an indispensable part of our life. Whelps us in many ways. Ad Ad Ad Ad

Sylhet Board 2023 03 Set ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) [According to the Syllabus of 2023] SECOND PAPER Subject Code: 1 0 8 Time — 3 hours                                                        Full marks — 100 [N. B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part A : Reading Test    Marks — 50 Fill in the blanks with prepositions or articles. Put a cross (×) where no article is needed: 0.5×10=5 1. There are two types (a)          dreams. One is just (b)          dream and completely baseless. Anybody may meet (c)          it while sleeping. Another dream is real. It is very desirable to (d)          conscious and great person. Generally, it is called (e)          future plan. To be a great person this dream is (f)          must. Then go ahead (g)          the working field. Really, if there is no real dream, there is no interest (h)          action. True success depends (i)          a real dream. Remember, a life without (j)          aim or dream is like a ship without a rudder. 2. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words: 0.5×10=5 compulsory across continuous worldwide environment writing second learn reason vocabulary English language has a (a)          importance. It is the (b)          language in our country. We study it as a (c)          subject from class I to class XII. Even then, we are not able to (d)          well. There are so many (e)          behind it. Firstly, there is no (f)          development of the syllabus according to the class standard. Secondly, the examinations are taken only based on (g)          skill. Thirdly, lack of (h)          is responsible for it. Another problem is the lack of English speaking (i)         . Finally, there is a shortage of English teachers (j)          the country. 3. Make six sentences using the parts of sentences from each columns of the table below: 1×6=6 Trees   opposite to tree plantation. Deforestation provide us with wood, fruits and flowers. Afforestation be dangerous for the environment. Cutting trees   called the air purifier. It   the main cause of environment pollution. 4. Complete the following text with right form of verbs given in the box. 1×10=10 waste know follow observe do make fall are utilize is We should (a)          the lifestyle of the ants and bees. They (b)          good use of their time and store food for the rainy days. They never (c)          a single moment in negligence or indolence. So they never (d)          into extreme crisis. We (e)          the best creatures in creation. We (f)          everything good and bad. We can (g)          better than the others. We should all (h)          every moment properly. Punctuality (i)          the best tonic in this regard. We should (j)          the footsteps of the famous persons. 5. Change the sentences according to directions given in the bracket: (a) The student is known to me. (Active) (b) She gave me an interesting book. (Passive) (c) Jashore is older than Magura. (Positive) (d) Truthfulness is the best quality of a person. (Comparative) (e) No other city in Bangladesh is as popular as Dhaka. (Superlative) (f) My friend is always punctual. (Negative) (g) He is a great fool. (Exclamatory) (h) How bright the student is! (Assertive) (i) We should obey our teachers. (Imperative) (j) Take care of your health. (Passive) 6. Complete the following sentences (using conditionals, gerund, infinitives, participle): 1×5=5 (a) If you eat a balanced dies,            . (b)             I would join the party. (c)             is a good exercise. (d) His syllabus is            (e)             is a great sin. 7. Complete the text adding suffixes, prefixes or the both with the root words given in the parenthesis : 0.5×14=7 Mr. Peter is a good student. He is very (a)             (study). He is always (b)             (mind) to his studies and also (c)             (duty) to his daily activities. He is very (d)             (respect) to his elders. He is (e)             (truth) also. Weak students find him as a (f)             (help) figure. His (g)             (think) power is admirable. He is really (h)             (create) in any writing. He never forgets the benefit of (i)             (punctual). (j)             (sincere) is another quality of his daily activities. He is also an early (k)             (rise). Any problem cannot make him (l)             (attentive). He always behaves very (m)             (polite) with every person. His (n)             (honest) cannot be expressed in a word. 8. Make tag questions of the following statements : (a) Fishes can swim,           ? (b) Help the helpless,            ? (c) ‘She’ is a pronoun,            ? (d) He put the bag here,            ? (e) They seldom come to me,            ? (f) The friendship rose in them, ,            ? (g) Let’s go to the outing, ,            ? 9. Use punctuation marks where necessary in the following text : Mainul Islam is a qualified farmer in Naogaon He lives in his village with his two brothers When he was asked What makes you decide to stay here in this village He replied Look its true that we could leave this village for a city life But it didnt attract us Part B : Writing Test Marks — 40 10. Suppose, you are Selim/ Selima of Nowapara, Jashore. A cashier will be appointed in the National Bank, Dhaka. You are very interested for the post. Now, write a CV with a cover letter for the same. Your CV should not exceed one page. 11. Suppose, people of your area have to suffer a lot because of irregular deliver of letters. Now, write a complain letter to the postmaster of Jashore Head Post Office, Jashore.  10 12. Suppose, you have visited the book fair held in your town this year and you have a great experience. Now, write a paragraph on “Your Visit to a Book Fair” in your own words. Key Sylhet Board-2023 1. (a) of', (b) a; (c) x; (d) a; (e) a; (f) a; (g) to/through; (h) in; (i) on; j) an. 2. (a) wide; (b) second; (c) compulsory; (d) learn; (e) reasons; (f) continuous; (g) writing; (h) vocabulary; (i) environment; j) across.          3. a) Tree plantation is very essential for balanced environment. b) Trees provide us with wood, fruits and flowers. c) Deforestation is opposite to tree plantation. d) Afforestation is called the air purifier. e) Cutting trees is dangerous for environment. f) It is the main cause of environment pollution. 4. (a) observe; (b) make; (c) waste; (d) fall; (e) are; (f) know; (g) do; (h) utilize; (i) is; 0) follow. 5. (a) I know the student. (b) An interesting book was given to me by her. (c) Magura is not as old as Jashore. (d) Truthfulness is better than any other quality of a person./I was given an interesting book by her. (e) Dhaka is the most populous city in Bangladesh. (f) My friend is never late/unpunctual. (g) What a fool he is! (h) The student is very bright. (i) Let's obey our teachers. j) Let your health be taken care of. 6. (a) If you eat a balanced diet, you can be healthy. (b) If I received an invitation, I would join the party. (c) Swimming/Running is a good exercise. (d) His syllabus is well-organized and comprehensive. (e) Telling a lie is a great sin. 7. a) studious; b) mindful; c) dutiful; d) respectful; e) truthful; f) helpful; g) thinking; h) creative; i). punctuality; j) Sincerity; k) riser; 1) inattentive; m) politely; n) honesty. 8. (a) Fishe's can swim, can't they? (b) Help the helpless, will you/won't you? (c) 'She' is a pronoun, isn't it? (d) He put the bag here, didn't he? (e) They seldom come to me, do they? (f) The friendship rose in them, didn't it? (g) Let's go to the outing, shall we? 9. Mainul Islam is a qualified farmer in Naogaon.- He lives in his village with his two brothers. When he was asked, "What makes you decide to stay here in this village?" He replied, "Look, it's true that we could leave this village fora city life. But it didn't attract us." Ad Ad Ad Ad

JASHORE BOARD−2023 English (Compulsory)– Second Paper Full Marks : 100 Time : 3 hours  [ Answer all the questions. Figures in the margin indicate full marks. ] Part−A : Grammar [60 Marks] 1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and articles (a, an, the & zero article). 0.5 × 10 = 5 Computers are used (a) — many ways. For example, (b) — computer’s memory may carry the names, addresses and flight numbers of air plane passengers. (c) — ticket agent can find (d) — almost instantly, by typing (e) — flight number, whether there is a seat available (f) — a particular plane. At flight time, the computer can make a list of all the passengers (g) — the plane.  Computers can also solve many problems. (h) — many bits of information can be compared (i) — one another. Mathematical calculations can then be performed (j) — them. 2. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words. 0.5 × 10 = 5 way,  fair,  acquire,  learners,  supervise,  degrade,  suffer,  case,  assess,  examination Examination is the process of (a) — the academic knowledge of the (b) —. So, it should be absolutely (c) —. The authority should conduct and (d) — it in the best possible (e) —.  Adopting unethical activities in the (f) — is a great offence. It (g) — the standard of education. In (h) — of the students’ failure to (i) — true education, the nation will (j) — greatly. So all students should make the best use of time in order to be truly educated. 3. Make six sentences using parts of sentences from each column of the table below. 1 × 6 = 6 Joynul Abedin  was honoured  pictures secretly. He  drew  to Kolkata. At the age of 15, he  was  not like the hard and fast rules of schools. So he  went  born at a village in Kishoreganj in 1914. He  did with the title ‘Shilpacharya’ for his artistic and  visionary qualities. At the age of 19, he  got  himself admitted into Kolkata Govt. Art College. 4. Complete the following text with right forms of the verbs given in the box. 1 × 10 = 10 be, bring,  neglect,  spend,  lose,  possesses,  claim,  pay,  neglect,  lose Most of us (a) — the wrong mentality of measuring success in life. Many poor adults (b) — that the possession of wealth (c) — peace of mind in life. But it (d) — not always true. Many have (e) — their health to gain wealth, but later (f) — much of their wealth to regain health. Isn’t that ironical? Again there are also a number of people who had (g) — high prices for possessing their present wealth. They have (h) — friends and family and have (i) — opportunities to spend precious moments with people around them. Besides, many have (j) — peace within themselves for  wanting more and more of everything. 5. Change the sentences according to directions. 1 × 10 = 10 (a) I am sure that man is the maker of his own fortune. (Negative) (b) A man has to make a proper use of his time to shine in life. (Imperative) (c) Who doesn’t know it? (Passive voice) (d) The lazy suffer miserably in the long run. (Exclamatory) (e) To kill time is as harmful as to commit suicide. (Comparative) (f) Our life is only a sum total of hours, days and years. (Negative) (g) Youth is the most valuable season of life. (Positive) (h) In youth, our mind can be shaped easily. (Active voice) (i) We should utilize our time properly in youth. (Imperative) (j) It is called the seedtime of life. (Active voice) 6. Complete the sentences. 1 × 5 = 5 (a) If we invest in girl’s education —. (b) — is not a waste. (c) — have higher income potential than those who are uneducated and unskilled. (d) Also, educated mothers are very careful in —. (e) Therefore, we should try our best —. 7. Complete the text adding suffixes, prefixes or the both with the root words given in the parenthesis. 0.5 × 14 = 7 In ancient time, textbook was the most (a) resource thing for a student. (b) teach were only guides and source of (c) inform. The students had to collect all (d) inform news from their teachers. There was hardly any guide book or other (e) refer book in the market. So, teachers gave (f) deliver of a lecture by studying the text books, and so the students had (g) depend on their teachers’ (h) proficient. As a result, there existed (i) measure relationship between them. The (j) popular of these great teachers was never on the wane. Students had (k) devote to maintain a healthy relation with their (l) honour teachers. Teachers also maintained an ever bond of (m) friend with their (n) affection students.  8. Make tag questions of these statements. 1 × 7 = 7 (a) The habit of reading is good, —? (b) But we hardly find it in us, —? (c) Everybody loves a studious student, —? (d) We ought to give him books, —? (e) Books give us knowledge, —?  (f) To read good books is a choice, —? (g) Let us try heart and soul to form this habit, —? 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. 0.5 × 10 = 5 Why are you putting the foods in your pocket Sir? Why don’t you eat? asked the nobleman I’m doing the right thing My dress deserves these rich dishes replied Seikh Saadi. I’m sorry I don’t understand what you mean to say said the nobleman. Part−B: Composition [40 Marks] 10. Suppose, you are Rimon Khan/Rima Chowdhury. You have completed B.Sc Engineering and  are looking for a job. You have seen a vacancy advertisement in “The Financial Express” for the post of a Software Engineer of “Golden Company Ltd”. Now, make a CV with a cover letter for the post. Your CV should not exceed one page. 15 11. Suppose, you have bought some books on general knowledge. But the books are damaged and have printing mistakes. Now, write a letter to the publishing company “Diamond Publishing” complaining against it. 10 12. English is a global language. So, it is very important for all of us to learn English. Now, write a paragraph on “Importance of Learning English”. 15   Key Jashore Board 2023 1. (a) in; (b) a/the; (c) A; (d) out/x; (e) a/the; (f) in; (g) of, (h) x; (i) to; j) with/through. 2. (a) assessing; (b) learners; (c) fair; (d) supervise; (e) way/ways; (f) examination; (g) degrades; (h) case; (i) acquire; (j) suffer. 3. a) Joynul Abedin was born at a village in Kishoreganj in 1914. b) He did not like the hard and fast rules of schools. c) So, he drew pictures secretly. d) At the age of 15, he went to Kolkata:At the age of 19, he got himself admitted into Kolkata Govt Art College. e) He was honoured with the title 'Shilpacharya' for his artistic and visionary qualities. 4. (a) possess; (b) claim; (c) brings; (d) is; (e) lost; (f) (have) spent; (g) paid; (h) neglected; (i) lost; (j) neglected. 5. (a) I am not doubtful/unsure that man is the maker of his own fortune. (b) Let a man make a proper use of his time to shine in life. (c) To whom isn't it known? (d) How miserably the lazy suffer in the long run! (e) To commit suicide is not more harmful than to kill time. (f) Our life is nothing but a sum-total of hours, days and years. (g) No other season of life is as valuable as youth. (h) In youth, we can shape our mind easily. (i) Let's utilize our time properly in youth. j) We call it the seed time of life. 6. (a) If we invest in girls' education, we can help them  achieve their full potential. (b) Investing in girls' education is not a waste. (c) Educated girls have higher income potential than those who are uneducated and unskilled. (d) Also, educated mothers are very careful in raising their children. _(e) Therefore, we should try our best to invest in  girls' education. 7. a) resourceful; b) Teachers; . c) information; d) informative; e) reference; f) delivery; g) dependence; h) proficiency; i) immeasurable; j) popularity; k) devotion; 1) honorable; m) friendship; n) affectionate. 8. (a) The habit of reading is good, isn't it? (b) But we hardly find it in us, do we? (c) Everybody loves a studious student, don't they? (d) We ought to give him books, oughtn't we? (e) Books give us knowledge, don't they? (f) To read good books is a choice, isn't it? (g) Let us try heart and soul to form this habit, shall we? 9. "Why are you putting the foods in your pocket, Sir? Why don't you eat?" asked the nobleman. "I'm doing the right thing. My dress deserves these rich dishes," replied Sheikh Sa'adi. "I'm sorry! I don't understand what you mean to say," said the nobleman. Ad Ad Ad Ad

DINAJPUR BOARD−2023 English (Compulsory)– Second Paper Full Marks: 100 Time: 3 hours  [ Answer all the questions. Figures in the margin indicate full marks.] Part−A: Grammar [60 Marks] 1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and articles (a, an, the & zero article). 0.5 × 10 = 5 There is no doubt that youth is (a) ⎯⎯ best time of (b) ⎯⎯ life. This is the time when it is (c) ⎯⎯ most important (d) ⎯⎯ one to remember (e) ⎯⎯ maxim, “As you sow, so shall you reap.” One must sow (f) ⎯⎯ seeds (g) ⎯⎯ industry, truthfulness and other virtues (h) ⎯⎯ this season (i) ⎯⎯ reap the harvest of prosperity and happiness. Whatever takes root in a man (j) ⎯⎯ this time lasts throughout the rest of his life and moulds his future. 2. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words. 0.5 × 10 = 5 revolutionary,  bless,  wonder,  social,  needless,  world,  essential, present,    closer,  demerit, All we know that mobile phone is the most (a) ⎯⎯ invention of modern science. Now a days, it is very (b) ⎯⎯ for us. At (c) ⎯⎯, it is very small and light. (d) ⎯⎯ changes have been brought about in (e) ⎯⎯ communication by mobile phone. The whole (f) ⎯⎯ has now become smaller and (g) ⎯⎯ unbelievably in respect of communicating information. But it is (h) ⎯⎯ to say that mobile phone has some (i) ⎯⎯ too. Over all, it is a great (j) ⎯⎯ for mankind. 3. Make six sentences using parts of sentences from each column of the table below. 1 × 6 = 6 Pahela Boishakh’  inspires  in the programme to inspire the participants. People from all walks of life  begins early in the morning to enjoy the day wearing  traditional clothes. The day  is  the day with traditional festivities. People  take part  just as sunrise. The cultural programme  wake up  the first day of Bangla New Year. The renowned artists of the  country celebrate people to start life with renewed hopes and aspirations. 4. Complete the following text with right forms of the verbs given in the box. 1 × 10 = 10 die  need  destroy  go  make  keep  cause  get  name  cause There are various types of fever. Dengue is one of them. It (a) ⎯⎯ by biting of mosquito (b) ⎯⎯ ‘Aedes’. It (c) ⎯⎯ serious health hazard. Vomiting, high temperature, blood platelets etc. make the patient tormented. Many patients (d) ⎯⎯ if blood platelets (e) ⎯⎯ below 50. Much care and proper treatment (f) ⎯⎯ to save dengue affected patient. In order to (g) ⎯⎯ ourselves free from dengue, we (h) ⎯⎯ our environment clean. Living place of Aedes larva should (i) ⎯⎯ with a view to (j) ⎯⎯ ourselves aloof from mosquito bite. The use of curtain is also essential. 5. Change the sentences according to directions. 1 × 10 = 10 (a) Honesty can open a door of peace before a person. (Make it negative) (b) He accepted the invitation. (Make it passive) (c) Reading books is nobler than any other habit. (Make it superlative) (d) Loving country is a very essential virtue. (Make it exclamatory) (e) We don’t measure our life by months or years. (Make it active) (f) Industry is the most important thing for success. (Make it comparative) (g) How attentive she was to her study! (Make it assertive) (h) Terrorism is one of the most corrosive problems of the modern world. (Make it positive) (i) We should do good deeds as our responsibility. (Make it imperative) (j) Everybody is fond of glittering things. (Make it negative) 6. Complete the sentences. 1 × 5 = 5 (a) If the sky is cloudy, ⎯⎯. (b) ⎯⎯ which should be given up. (c) Man is curious ⎯⎯. (d) If I had seen him, ⎯⎯. (e) I saw a bird ⎯⎯. 7. Complete the text adding suffixes, prefixes or the both with the root words given in the parenthesis. 0.5 × 14 = 7 The purpose of (a) educate is to make a man fully (b) equip to be (c) use to himself and to society. A (d) true educated person should be self-reliant with regard to his (e) person needs. He should be well-mannered (f) thought, sympathetic and (g) operative. He should be (h) truth, honest, punctual and (i) duty. (j) punctual is a virtue that makes a nation (k) prosper. An educated persons tries to (l) move the (m) suffer of his countrymen. He also helps others in attaining (n) self-reliant.  8. Make tag questions of these statements. 1 × 7 = 7 (a) What he said was true, ⎯⎯? (b) Don’t forget me, ⎯⎯? (c) How exciting the game is, ⎯⎯? (d) Let’s try to make him understand the importance of literacy, ⎯⎯? (e) You, he and I did the work, ⎯⎯? (f) Deforestation is not good for us, ⎯⎯? (g) Books never leave us alone in danger, ⎯⎯? 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. 0.5 × 10 = 5 mainul Islam is a qualified farmer in naogaon he lives in his village with his two brothers when he was asked what makes you decide to stay here in this village he replied look its true that we could leave this village for a city life but it didn’t attract us Part−B: Composition [40 Marks] 10. Mind that you are Ratul/Ratna. You have passed HSC and taken 6 months computer course on data base programme. Recently, you have seen a vacancy advertisement for the post of ‘A Receptionist’ in R.K Medical Centre Hospital, Kushtia. Now, write a CV with a cover letter for the post. Your CV should not exceed one page. 15 11. Imagine, you are Kamrul/Kanta, a student of class X reading in Rajnagor High School, Dhaka.  There is a canteen in your school but the facilities of the canteen are not enough. Now, write a complaint letter to your Headmaster, on behalf of the students, about the insufficient facilities of the canteen. 10 12. Write paragraph on ‘A Winter Morning’. 15 Key Dinajpur Board 2023 1. (a) the; (b) x; (c) x; (d) for; (e) the; (f) the; (g) of-, (h) in/during; (i) to; 0) in/during. 2. (a) wonderful; (b) essential; (c) present; (d) Revolutionary; (e) social; (f) world; (g) closer; (h) needless; (i) demerits; j) blessing. 3. a) `Pahela Boisakh' is the first day of Bangla New Year. b) People from all walks of life celebrate the day with traditional festivities. c) The day inspires people to start life with renewed hopes and aspiration. d) People wake up early in the morning to enjoy the day wearing traditional clothes. e) The cultural programme begins just at sunrise. f) The renowned artists of the country take part in the programme to inspire the participants. 4. (a) is caused; (b) named; (c) causes; (d) die; (e) go; (f) are needed; (g) get; (h) have to keep/make; (i) be destroyed; (j) keeping. 5. (a) Dishonesty cannot open any door of peace before a person. (b) The invitation was accepted by him. (c) Reading books is the noblest habit. (d) What an essential virtue loving country is! (e) Our life is not measured (by us) by months or years. (f) Industry is more important than any other thing for success. (g) She was very attentive to her study. (h) Very few problems of the modern world are as corrosive as terrorism. (i) Let us do good deeds as our responsibility. There is nobody who is not fond of glittering things./Nobody is hateful of glittering things. 6. (a) If the sky is cloudy, it may rain later. (b) Smoking is a bad habit which should be given up. (c) Man is curious to know about the world around him/to know the unknown. (d) If I had seen him, I would have greeted him. (e) I saw a bird flying in the sky. 7. a) education; b) equipped; c) useful; d) truly; e) personal; f) thoughtful; g) cooperative; li) truthful; i) dutiful; j) Punctuality; k) prosperous; 1) remove; in) sufferings; n) self-reliance. 8. (a) What he said was true, wasn't it?. (b) Don't forget me, will you? (c) How exciting the game is, isn't it? (d) Let's try to make him understand the importance of literacy, shall we? (e) You, he and I did the work, didn't we? (f) Deforestation is not good for us, is it? (g) Books never leave us alone in danger, do they? 9. Mainul Islam is, a qualified farmer in Naogaon. He lives in his village with his two brothers. When he was asked, "What makes you decide to stay here in this village?" He replied, "Look, it's true that 'we could leave this village fora city life. But it didn't attract us." Ad Ad Ad Ad