Grammar-Narration for examination

NARRATION/DIRECT-INDIRECT SPEECH

Rules

Worksheets

Beginner (1)

Elementary (2) (PECE)

Pre-intermediate (3) (JSC)

Intermediate (4) (SSC)

Upper-intermediate (5( (HSC)

Advanced (6)(University)

DIRECT AND INDIRECT NARRATION

1. Rahim says, "Anil will come". Rahim says that Anil will come.

In the first sentence, Ram's speech is quoted in the actual words used by him, but in the second sentence Ram's speech is reported in the form of a narrative.

When a speech is quoted in the actual words used by the speaker, it is called the Direct speech or narration. But when the speech is reported in the form of a narrative, giving the substance or meaning of the words used by speaker, without quoting his actual words, it is called the Indirect speech or narration.

The speech which is quoted in actual words ("Anil will come") is called the Reported speech and the verb (says ) that introduces the speech is called the Reporting verb.

Study the following sentences :

Reporting verb Reported speech

He said, I am ill. " - Direct speech

He said that he was ill.-Indirect speech

Rahim says, "I want the book."- Direct speech

Rahim, says that he wants the book.-Indirect speech
General Rules

2. Assertive Sentences : (a) The conjunction that is generally used before the reported speech of the form of a statement.

(b) If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed at all.

Direct Ram says, "I shall go."

Indirect Ram says that he will go.

Direct He has said, "I went."

Indirect lie has said that he went.

Direct He said, "I am ill."

Indirect He said that he was ill.

Direct He said to me, "I shall go, but you will stay.

Indirect He told me that he would go, but I should stay.

NOW: (i) The following points on punctuation marks should be carefully noted:

The actual words quoted in the direct speech are put within inverted commas(")
No inverted commas should be used in the indirect speech.
The reported speech in the direct narration begins with a capital letter and it is preceded by a comma.
In the indirect speech, no comma should be used after the reporting verb.

To express simple futurity, we use shall in the first person and will in the second and third persons. So in the last two examples, I shall in the Direct becomes he would in the Indirect. For the same reason, in the last example, you will in the Direct becomes I should in the Indirect.
Some are of opinion that when the reporting verb is in the past tense, "All the past tenses of the direct form either remain in the past tense or are changed into the past perfect tense. The past perfect tense is used chiefly when we wish to lay stress on the completion of the action." The first alternative certainly violates the rules of the sequence of tenses: Still, it cannot often be helped. For example, take the following passage:

He said to me, "I went home in January, There I met my sister after a long time. She was a widow and was very eager to see me. My mother, too, wished me to see her."

Now, if we are to change the past tenses of the Direct form into the past perfect in. the Indirect, the rendering would stand thus:

He told me that he had gone home in January. There he had met his sister after a long time. She had been a widow and had been very eager to see him.

I Its mother, too, had wished him to see her.

Now, so many past perfect tenses in a single passage is certainly bad English. If instead we retain the simple past indefinite of the original in the Indirect form from the second sentence, the rendering will be good English. Hence, the rule stated above. In the case of a short sentence, however, the past may be, and should ordinarily be, changed into the past perfect because that does not create any difficulty.

If the Direct speech states a universal truth or a habitual fact, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed.

Direct He said, "Honesty is the best policy."

Indirect He said that honesty is the best policy.

Direct He said, "God is good."

Indirect He said that God is good.

Direct He said, "I take bath in the Ganges every morning.”

Indirect He said that he takes bath in the Ganges every morning.

The Indirect speech should correspond in the persons of pronouns and verbs to the persons of the individuals in the Direct speech.

Direct I said to him, " You are wrong."

Indirect I told him that he was wrong.

Direct He said to me, "I shall go, but you will stay."

Indirect He told me that he would go, but I should stay.

NOTE: (i) Boys often make a confusion in changing the persons of the reported speech. It may help them to remember that the first person (I, we, us, etc.) of the Direct speech is changed into the person of the speaker, and the second person ( you, your, etc.) of' the Direct speech is changed into the person of the man to whom the speech is addressed. Note the examples given above.

"Said to him," "said to me," etc. before "that" are not good English; write "told him," "told me," etc.

Note: When there is uncertainty as to the particular person to whom the pronoun in the Indirect speech refers, the name of the person should be placed in brackets.

Direct He said to Ram, " You are wrong."

Indirect He told Ram that he (Ram Ram ) was wrong.

Direct Hari said to Jatin, " You will pass."

Indirect Hari told Jatin that he (Jatin) would pass.

(iii) Sometimes the introductory portion is left out and the speech only is given. To turn such speeches into the Indirect form, the sentence should begin as He told Ram, or I told her, or something like this. Thus,

Direct I cannot do it.

Indirect He told me (or, I told him, or you told me) that he (or, I or you) could not do it.

3. Interrogative Sentences:

In converting such sentences,

(a) change the reporting verb into ask or enquire ; (b) then add whether or if, if the question admits of one of the two answer: yes or no-, but do not add whether or if, if the question V introduced by an interrogative pronoun, or adjective, o; adverb (viz. who, which, what, why, when, where, how, etc.) (c) and change the interrogative form into a statement.

The conjunction "that" is never used in such cases.

(a Direct He said to me, "Are you ill?"

Indirect He asked (or enquired of) me if (or whether) I was ill.

Direct My father said to him, "Is not poverty a curse?”

Indirect My father asked (or enquired of ) him whether or if poverty is not a curse.

Direct You said to Ram, "Will you help me?”

Indirect You asked Ram if he would help you.

Direct You said to me, "Do you hear me?"

Indirect You asked me if I heard you.

(b) Direct He said to me, "What are you doing?"

Indirect He asked me what I was doing.

Direct He said to me, " When will you go home”

Indirect He enquired of me when I would go home.

Direct You said to me, " Why have you failed ?"

Indirect You asked me why I had failed.

NOTE: (i) No question mark (?) is used in indirect speech.

(ii)) If the introducing verb itself is interrogative, the reported speech is followed by a question mark : Did she tell you why she went there?

4. Imperative sentences: In converting such sentences, change the verb into the Infinitive form, and the reporting verb into some such words as 'tell', 'request', 'command', 'beg', ,entreat', as the sense of the speech may require.

Direct He said to me, "Do not go there."

Indirect He told or advised or ordered me not to go there,

Direct I said to him, "Please explain the passage."

Indirect I requested him to explain the passage.

Direct The general said to the soldiers, "March on."

Indirect The general ordered the soldiers to march on.

Direct I said to him, "Excuse me, sir."

Indirect I begged him to excuse me.

NOTE: (a Tell may often be used to express 'request, 'order', 'command', etc. It is, therefore, often safer for students to use tell in the Indirect form when they may be in doubt about the proper word to introduce the reported speech.

(b) Vocatives may be omitted, as in the last example, or may be dealt with as below:

Direct He said, "Ram, go there."

Indirect He told Ram to go there.

Direct He said, "Friends, lend me your cars."

Indirect Addressing them as friends, he requested them to lend him their ears.

Direct He shouted, "Stop you, villain."

Indirect He shouted to the villain to stop. Or, He ordered the villain to stop. Or, Calling the man a villain, he ordered him to stop.

(c)) in the Indirect form, such expressions as please, sir in the Direct are left out, or they are rendered by such expressions as kindly, politely, etc.

Even when the introductory verb is in the past tense, would, should, might, could and must do not normally change.

Direct She said, "I would help him if I could.

Indirect She said that she would help him if she could.

Direct He said to me, "You must leave the place."

Induct He told me that I must leave the place."

Direct The man said, "Could I speak to Mr. Ray?"

Indirect The man asked if he could speak to Mr. Ray.

Direct He said to the children, "You mustn't play with fire."

Indirect He told the children that they mustn't play with fire.

5. (a) When Let in the Direct speech expresses a proposal or suggestion, we may use should for let, and change the reporting verb into propose or suggest.

Direct He said to me, ".Let us go home."

Indirect He proposed or suggested to me that we should go home.

Direct I said to him, "Let us have some music."

Indirect I proposed or suggested to him that we should have some music.

(b) But when Let does not express a proposal, it should be changed into might or might be allowed, or into some other form according to the sense.

Direct He said, "Let him do whatever he likes."

Indirect He said that he (a third person) might (or might be allowed to ) do whatever he liked.

Direct He said," Let me come in."

Indirect He requested that he might be allowed to come in.

Optative Sentences : In Optative sentences, the reporting verb is changed into wish or pray, and the optative form is changed into a statement.

Direct He said to me, "May you be happy."

Indirect He wished or prayed that I might be happy.

Direct He said to you, "May God bless you."

Indirect He prayed that God might bless you.

Exclamatory Sentences : If the direct form is an exclamation, the reporting verb is changed to some such verb as 'exclaim'. 'cry out, 'pray, `wish', and the exclamation is turned into a statement. But new words and phrases have often to be introduced to express the full meaning.

Direct He said, "Alas! I am undone."

Indirect He cried out in sorrow that he was undone.

Direct "Bravo! well done!" they cried.

Indirect They applauded him, for (or saying that) he had done well,

Direct He said, "By Jove! What a good news!"

Indirect He swore by Jove that it was a very good news.

N.B. It should be carefully noted that what, how, and who are sometimes used in exclamation to denote excess or absence, instead of introducing an interrogation. In such cases they should be replaced by great, greatly, very, very much or none in the indirect :‑

Direct He said to me, "How happy you are!"

Indirect He told me that I was very happy.

Direct He said, " What was my joy to see the thing!"

Indirect He said that his joy to see the thing was very great.

Direct I said, "Who knew that this should happen!"

Indirect I said that none knew that that would happen.

NOTE: In indirect speech, the sentence ends with a fullstop(.) and not an exclamation mark(!).

8. Words indicating time and place: (a ) Adjectives, Adverbs and Verbs in the Direct speech, expressing nearness, are often changed into similar words expressing remoteness:

Now becomes then Hither becomes thither

Here there Thus (in) that way, so

This that Today that day, the same day

Ago before Tomorrow the next day, the

These those following day

Hence thence Yesterday the previous day, the day before

Come go Last night the previous (night )

Last week/month the week before/the previous week, etc.

Next week/month the week after/the following week, etc.

Direct He said, "I know this boy."

Indirect He said that he knew that boy.

Direct “I said to him, "You will get it today or tomorrow",

Indirect I told him that he would get it that day or the next day.

Direct He said to me, "Come here."

Indirect He told me to go there.

(b) But if now, here, this, etc. refer to things present before the speaker at the time he is reporting, no change is necessary.

Direct She said, "I knew this boy."

Indirect She said that she knew this boy.

Direct I said, "We can never be happy here."

Indirect I said that we can never be happy here (=in this world).

NOTE: Students often change "it" into "that" in the indirect. But that is wrong; "it" remains unchanged.

9. Questions and Answer: "Yes" and "No"—In changing answers into the Indirect form, sentences are to be given completely by supplying the words understood,

Direct "What is your name?" "Ramesh."

Indirect I asked him what his name was. He replied that his name was Ramesh.

Direct I said to him, "How long will you stay?" Ile replied, "For five days."

Indirect I asked him how long he would stay. lie replied that he would stay for five days.

Direct “Yes, Sir, I shall go.”

Indirect He promised that he would go.

The combination of different kinds of reported sentences requires careful treatment. Let us take the passage:

(a) He said to me, "Who are you? What do you want'! Go, away."

The reported sentences, taken separately, are changed thus:

(i) He asked me who I was.

(ii) He asked me what I wanted.

(iii) He told me to go away.

Rules

Beginner (1)

Elementary (2) (PECE)

Pre-intermediate (3) (JSC)

Narration Worksheet 1.1

Assertive sentence

Change the following direct speech into indirect

Shila said to Nila, “He took part in the function yesterday.”
She said to her mother, “I dreamt a bed dream last night.”
He said to me, “I caught a big fish yesterday.”
Karim said to Rahim, “I drew a nice picture.”
Shakil said, “I came home, took bath and ate my meal.”
I said to him, “I met Raihan on my way to school.”
He said, “The train reached at nine.”
Anwar said to me, “The parrot died last night.”
They said, “We did our duty.”
Sammi whispered to me, “I am just behind you.”
Pria said to Dina, “I’ll follow you.”
Sumon said, “I have a new bicycle now.”
Arif said, “This is the way to solve it.”
Aminul said, “I have lost my keys.”
Julia said, “I get up early in the morning everyday.”
They said to us, “We shall do it any cost.”
Sonia said, “They make me to do so.”
Ripon said to Sagor, “You let me to come.”
Sipon said to me, “I dare say you so.”
He said to his father, “I am preparing my lesson.”
They said, God will save us.”
She said to me, “I was ill”
He said, “I was absent yesterday.”
Imran said to me, “I was ill.”
The student said, “We were reading books.”
He said to me, “I was eating rice.”
Zihad said to me, “I was awarded with first prize.”
Alam said to Shuvo, “I was suffering from fever.”
He said to me, “I was a student of Bogra zilla School.”
Rasu said, “I did not do the work yesterday.”
Rahim says, “I did not play as I was sick.”
Hasan said, “I lived many years in Dhaka.”
Rahim said, “I wrote a letter.”
I said to him, “I bought a book for you.”
He says, “Her father bought a big house.”
He said to me, “I bought a gift for you.”
The man said, “I finished the work.”
He said, “I saw her yesterday.”
Salma said to me, “I saw you long ago.”
The students said, “Our team won the game.”
They said to me, “We went to college yesterday.”
He said to me, “I went to my village yesterday.”
She said to me, “I went to market and bought some books.”
He said to me, “I went there.”
He said to me, “I meet him last night.”

Narration Worksheet 1.1 Answer

Assertive sentence

Indirect Speech

Shila told Nila that he had taken part in the function the previous day.
She told her mother that she had dreamt a bad dream the previous day.
He told me that he had caught a big fish the previous day.
Karim told Rahim that he had drawn a nice picture.
Shakil said that he came home took bath and ate his meal.
I told him that I had met Raihan on my way to school.
He said that the train had reached at nine.
Anwar told me that the parrot had died the previous day.
They said that they haddone their duty.
Sammi whispered me that he was just behind me.
Pria told Dina that she would follow her.
Sumon said that he had a new bicycle then.
Arif told that it was the way to solve it.
Aminul said that he hadlost her keys.
Julia said that she gets upearly in the morning everyday.
They told us that they would do it at any cost.
They said that they made her to do so.
Ripon told Sagor that he lethim to come.
Sipon told me that he daredto say me so.
He told his father that he was preparing his lesson.
They said that God would save them.
She told me that she had been ill.
He said that he had beenabsent the previous day.
Imran told me that he had been ill.
The students said that they had been reading books.
He told me that he had been eating rice.
Zihad told me that I had been awarded with first prize.
Alam told Shuvo that hehad been suffering from fever.
He told me that he had been a student of Bogra zilla School.
Rasu said that he had nothe had not done the work the previous day.
Rahim says that he did not play as I was sick.
Hasan said that he had lived many years in Dhaka.
Rahim said that he had written a letter.
I told him that I had bought a book for him.
He says that her father bought a big house.
He told me that he had bought a gift for me.
The man said that he had finished the work.
He said that he had seen her the previous day.
Salma told me that she had seen me long ago.
The students said that their team had won the game.
They told me that they had gone to college the previous day.
He told me that he had gone to his village the previous day.
She told me that she had gone to market and bought some books.
He told me that he had gone there.
He told me that he had met him the night before.

Intermediate (4) (SSC)

Narration Worksheet 1.2

Interrogative Sentence

Direct Speech

The man said to me, “Do you know where he lives?”
The man said, “Do you know who I am?”
Rahman said to Shamim, “Do you hear me?”
He said to me, “Do you know my friend?”
Arif sadi to me, “Do you want my help?”
I said to them, “Do you have any problem?”
“Do you want a single or double room?’ the receptionist said to the tourist.
Mr Ahmed said to the students, “Do you know that gardening is a very hard work?”
Mother said to me, “Do you hear me?”
I said to the man, “Do you know anybody here?”
He said to me, “Don’t you do your duty?”
He said to me, “Do you know me?”
I said to him, “Do you know me?”
He said to me, “Do you know my friend?”
I said to the man, “Do you know anybody here?”
I said to Mahmud, “ Do you like to read poetry?”
“Do you want to use that piece of land?”Mr Ahmed said to his students.
A hawker said to me, “Do you want any newspaper?”
He said to his friend, “Do you like to read novels?”
The old man said to me, “Do you know the way to the hospital?”
Rahim said to me, “Do you like it?”
The teacher said to the students, “Don’t you understand what I discussed in the class?”
I said to Mahmud, “ Do you like to read poetry?”
We said to her, “Are you conscious?”
The boy said to me, “Is not poverty a curse?”
Raju said to me, “Are you my friend?”
He said to me, “Are you reading my book?”
He said to me, Are you eating banana?”
Amin said to Hasan, “Aren’t you coming to my house today?”
Mother said to me, “Are you going to school now?”
He said to me, “Are you reading any book?”
Father said to him, “Are you serious with your study?”
My friend said to me, “Are we not going to the zoo tomorrow?”
He said to me, “Are you well?”
He said to me, “Are you ill?”
He said to me, “Are you happy?”
Bulbul said to Kazol, “Did you go there in time?”
She said to me, “Did you write to me?”
The Policeman said to me, “Did you see the accident?”
My father said to me, “Did you go to school yesterday?”
I said to him, “Did you come here yesterday?”
Father said to me, “Did you do the work?”
He said to me, “Did you write the paragraph?”
I said to her, “Did you do the work?”
Badhan said to Balam, “Did you go there in time?”
He said to me, “Were you reading a book?”
He said to me, “Were you ill?”
I said to him, “Were you playing in the rain.”
He said to you, “Were you ill?”
You said to me, “Will you come to my house in the evening?”
Mother said to me, “Will you go to school?”
He said to us, “Will you listen to such a fool?”
“Will you return the book?” He said to me.
Premul said to his sister, “Will you go to school?”
I said to her, “Will you not appear at the JSC examination?”
Runa said to Sumi, “Will you meet me tomorrow?”
I said to her, “Will you go to school tomorrow?”
The man said to the man, “Will you tell me the process of opening a bank account?
I said to her, “Will you not appear at the final examination?”
Anwar said to his sister, “Will you go to school?”
He said to me, “Will you return the book to me?”
Mother said to Nasima, “Will you give me a drink?”
I said to the headmaster, “Will you grant me a full free studentship?”
Seuly said to her father, “Will you buy me a new dress?”
Rakib said to me, “Will you lend me a book for today?”
Runa said to Sumi, “Will you meet me tomorrow?”
He said to me, “Will you go to school today?”
“Shall we go and help her,” Anwar said to Mrs Salam.
They said to us, “Will you help us?”
He said to me, “Have you done your home work?”
He said to me, “Have you done your duty?”
The boy said to his friend, “Have you done the sum?”
Rahman has said to Milton, “Have you seen this movie?”
Raju said to me, “Have you taken my pen?”
He said to me, “Haven’t you finished the work?”
Najma said to him, “Have you taken my pen?”
Ruma said to Lima, “Have you ever been to Cox’s Bazer?”
He said to me, “Have you eaten rice?”
He said to me, “Haven’t you finished work?”
The teacher said to the students, “Have you learnt your lesson?”
Mother said to her daughter, “Have you taken the book?”
Father said to me, “Have you finished your home work?”
You said to me, “Have you heard the news of the accident?”
We said to them, “Have you seen the man going?”
“Have you ever been to Dhaka,Kashem” Anwar said.
The teacher said to Ratan, “Have you done your English lesson today?”
The teacher said, “Have you done home work?”
Jamal said to Sumon, “Have you finished reading the book?”
The old man said to the maid, “Can you give me some food?”
The teacher said to the students, “Can anyone give the correct answer of this question?”
Mr Ant said to his wife, “Can you help Mr Grasshopper?
The boy said to me, “Can you show me the way?”

WH Question

The man said to the driver, “Why do you drive recklessly?”
He said to them, “Why do you look so sad?”
You said to me, “Why do you always keep bad company?”
Father said to me, “Why don’t you read carefully?”
The old man said to his sons, “Why do you quarrel always?”
You said to me, “Why do you always keep evil company?”
They said to us, “Why did you write those letters.?
Mina said to Raju, “Why did you leave the place earlier?”
The man said to him,”Why are you crying?”
She said to him, “Why have you come here?”
Mother said to her son, “Why are you late?”
My sister said to me, “Why are you sitting alone in your room at this hour?”
He said to the stranger, “Why have you come here?”
The teacher said to the student, “Why were you absent from school yesterday?”
I said to them, “Why are you here for so long?”
Rima said to Ploy, “Why are you so nervous?”
The oldman said to his sons, “Why are you so sad?”
Father said to his son, “Why are you making so late?”
You said to me, “Why have you come?”
Karim said to me, “Why did you call me?”
He said to me, “Why did you go there?”
He said to her, “Why did you come here?”
My mother said to me, “Why did you not go to school yesterday?”
Father said to his son, “Why are you making late?”
Father said to the son, “Why did you not go to school yesterday?”
He said to me, Why have you struck him?”
The teacher said to the student, “Why did you not come to school yesterday?”
He said to me, “Why are you reading the book?”
Mrs Salam said to Anwar, “Why have you been running?”
Tareq said to Rafiq, “Why did you not go to school yesterday?”
The teacher said to the boys, “Why are you making a noise?”
He said to me, “Why did you come here?”
He said to the woman, “ Where do you live in?”
He will say, “Where are you coming from?”
He said to me, “Where did you go yesterday?”
I said to Muaz, “When will you come back?”
He said to me, “When will the train leave?”
Father said to me, “When did you do it?”
The passenger said to the porter, “When will the train arrive?”
Father said to me, “When did you do it?”
He said to you, “ When will you start for Chittagong?”
Mother said to me, “When will you return?
He said to me, “When will you go home?”
He said to me, “When will the next train come?”
The passenger said to the porter, “When will the train arrive?”
They said to us, “When will you return home?”
He said to a co-passenger, “When will the next train come?”
I said to her, “When will you go home?”
He said to me, “How are you?”
She said to her father, “How was mother last week?”
Sima said to Mim, “How long have you worked here?”
The lady said to the taxi driver, “How long will it take to get to the station?”
He said to me, “How long are you waiting for me?”
He said to me, “How have you done this?”
He said to me, “How did you do it?”
I said to Ria, “How were you?”
Rakib said to Raju, “How are you today?”
Father said to me, “How did you do the work?”
The old man said to me, “How long have you been staying here?”
They said to me, “How can we overcome the crisis?”
She said to me, “Who are you and what do you want?”
Mousumi said to the boy, “Who are you?”
He said to the stranger, “Who are you and what do you want?”
Sumi said to Badhan, “Who is your favourite teacher?”
He said to her, “Who are you?”
Father said to me, “Whom are you taking to?”
My uncle said to me, “What will you do after your examination finishes?”
He said to me, “What is your name?”
The old man said to me, “What is your name?”
He said to me, “What do you intend to play me.”
Ali said to me, “What are you looking for here?”
I said to her, “What shall I do for her?”
Suruj Ali said to his master, “What’s the matter,Sir?”
He said to me, “What colour do you like?”
He said to me, “What are you doing now?”
I said to the salesman, “What’s the price of of the shirt?”
Mr Ahmed said to the students, “What do you know about gardening?”
Anwar said to Mrs Amin, “What kinds of stories did Aesop tell?”
The teacher said to me, “What is your roll number?”
Rima said to me, “What are you doing?”
They said to him, “What is your name?”
He said to the girl, “What is your name?”
The old man said to the girl, “What is your name?”
I said to the salesman, “What’s the price of this shirt?”
Ali said to me, “What are you looking for here?”
He said to me, “What do you want?”
He said to his father, “What are you doing?”
Mother said to her daughter, “What will you do the next day?”
I said to him, “What will you do after the examination?”
He said to the boy, “What is your father’s name?”
The man said to me, “What class do you read in and which book do you want?”
Mr Ahmed said to the students, “What do you know about gardening?”
I said to him, “What will you do after the examination?”
A stranger said to him, “What is your name?”
Karim said to his sister, “What are you doing there?”
My father said to me, “What are you doing now?”
I said to Rahim, “What will you do after your exam?”
He said to me, “What do you want?”
He said to me, “What is the time by your watch?”
He said to me, “What’s your name?”

Narration Worksheet 1.2 Answer

Interrogative Sentence

Indirect Speech

The man asked me if I knew where he lived.
The man asked if I knew who he was.
Rahman asked Shamim if he(S) heard him.(R).
He asked me if I knew his friend.
Arif asked me if I wantedhis help.
I asked them if they hadany problem.
The receptionist asked the tourist if he wanted a single or double room.
Mr Ahmed asked the students if they knew thatgardening was a very hard work.
Mother asked me if I heard her.
I asked the man if he knewanybody there.
He asked me if I did not domy duty.
He asked me if I knew him.
I asked him if he knew me.
He asked me if I knew his friend.
I asked the man if he knewanybody there.
I asked Mahmud if he (M) liked to read Poetry.
Mr Ahmed asked the students if they wanted to use that piece of land.
A hawker asked me if I wanted any newspaper.
He asked his friend if he (F) liked to read novels.
The old man asked me if I knew the way to the hospital.
Rahim asked me if I likedit.
The teacher asked the students if they didn’tunderstand what he discussed in class.
I asked Mahmud if he (M) liked to read Poetry.
We asked her if she wasconscious.
The boy asked me ifpoverty was not a curse.
Raju asked me if I was his friend.
He asked me if I was reading his book.
He asked me if I waseating banana.
Amin asked Hasan if he was going to his housethat day.
Mother asked me if I wasgoing to school then.
He asked if I was reading any book.
Father asked him if he wasserious with his studies.
My friend asked me if we were not going to the zoothe next day.
He asked me if I was well.
He asked me if I was ill.
He asked me if I was happy.
Bulbul asked Kazol if he(K) had gone there in time.
She asked me if I had written to her.
The Policeman asked me if I had seen the accident.
My father asked me if I had gone to school the previous day.
I asked him if he had come there the previous day.
Father asked me if I haddone the work.
He asked me if I hadwritten the paragraph.
I asked her if she had done the work.
Badhan asked Balam if he had gone there in time.
He asked me if I had beenreading a book.
He asked me if I had beenill.
I asked him if he wasplaying in the rain.
He asked you if you had been ill.
You asked me if I would go to your house in the evening.
Mother asked me if I would go to school.
He asked me if I would listen to such a fool.
He asked me if I wouldreturn the book to him.
Premul asked his sister if she would go to school.
I asked her if she wouldappear at the JSC Examination.
Runa asked Sumi if she (S) would meet her (R) the next day.
I asked her if she would go to school the next day.
The manager asked the man if he would tell him(m) the process of opening a bank account.
I asked her if she wouldnot appear at the final examination.
Anwar asked his sister if she would go to school.
He asked me if I would return the book to him.
Mother asked Nasim if she (N) would give her (M) a drink.
I asked the headmaster if he would grant me a full free studentship.
Sheuly asked her father if he would buy her a new dress.
Raqib asked me if I would lend him a book for that day.
Runa asked Sumi if she (Sumi) would meet him (Runa) the next day.
He asked me if I would go to school that day.
Anwar asked Mrs Salam if they would go and help her.
They asked us if we would help them.
He asked me if I have done my home work.
He asked me if I had done my duty.
The boy asked his friend if he had done the sum.
Rahman has asked Milton if he (Milton) had seen that movie.
Raju asked me if I had taken his (R) pen.
He asked me if I had not finished the work.
Najma asked him if he had taken her pen.
Ruma asked Lima if she (L) had ever been to Cox’s Bazer
He asked me if I had eaten rice.
He asked me if I had finished the work or not.
The teacher asked the students if they had learnt their lesson
Mother asked her daughter if she had taken the book.
Father asked me if I had finished my home work.
She asked me if I had heard the news of the accident.
We asked them if they had seen the man going.
Anwar asked Kashem if he had ever been to Dhaka.
The teacher asked Ratan if he had done his English lesson that day.
The teacher asked if I had done home work.
Jamal asked Sumon if he (S) had finished reading the book.
The old man asked the maid if she could give him some food.
The teacher asked the students if anyone could give the correct answer of that question.
Mr Ant asked his wife if she could help Mr Grasshopper.
The boy asked me if I could show him the way.

WH Question

The man asked the driver why he drove recklessly.
He asked them why they looked so sad.
You asked me why I always kept bad company.
Father asked me why I didn’t read carefully.
The old man asked his sons why they always quarreled.
You asked me why I always kept bad company.
They asked us why we had written those letters.
Mina asked Raju why she had left the place earlier.
The man asked him why he was crying.
She asked him why he had come there.
Mother asked her son why he was late.
My sister asked me why I was sitting alone in my room at this hour.
He asked the stranger why he had gone there.
The teacher asked the student why I had been absent from school the previous day.
I asked them why they were there for so long.
Rima asked Poly why she was so nervous.
The old man asked his sons why they were so nervous.
Father asked his son why he was making so late.
You asked me why I hadgone.
Karim asked me why I hadcalled him.
He asked me why I hadnot gone there.
He asked her why she had gone there.
My Mother asked me why I had not gone to school the previous day.
Father asked the son why he was making late.
Father asked the son whyhe had not gone to schoolthe previous day.
He asked me why I hadstruck him.
The teacher asked the student why he had not gone to school the previous day.
He asked me why I was reading the book.
Mrs salam asked Anwar why he had been running.
Tareq asked Rafiq why he had gone to school the previous day.
The teacher asked the boys why they were making a noise.
He asked me why I had not gone there.
He asked the woman where she lived in.
He will ask where I amgoing from.
He asked me where I had gone the previous day.
I asked Muaz when he would go back.
He asked me when the train would leave.
Father asked me when I had done it.
The Passenger asked the porter when the train would leave.
Father asked me when I had done it.
He asked you when you would start for Chittagong.
Mother asked me when I would return.
He asked me when I would go home.
He asked me when the next letter would go.
The passenger asked the porter when the train would arrive.
They asked me when we would return home.
He asked a co –passenger when the next train would come.
I asked her when she would go home.
He asked me how I was.
She asked her father how mother had been the previous week.
Sima asked Mim how long he had worked there.
The lady asked the taxi driver how long it would take to get the station.
He asked me how long I was waiting for him.
He asked me how I had done this.
He asked me how he had done it.
I asked Ria how she (R) had been.
Rakib asked Raja how he (R) was that day.
Father asked how I had done the work.
The old man asked me how long I had been staying there.
They asked me how they could overcome the crisis.
She asked me who I was and what I wanted.
Mousumi asked the boy whohe was.
He asked the stranger who he was and what he wanted.
Sumi asked Badhan who his favourite teacher was.
He asked her who she was.
Father asked me whom I was looking to.
My uncle asked me what I would do after my exam finished.
He asked me what my name was.
The old man asked me what my name was.
He asked me what he intended to play him.
Ali asked me what I was looking for there.
I asked her what I should do for her.
Suruj Ali asked his master respectfully what the matter was.
He asked me what colour I liked.
He asked me what I was doing then.
I asked the salesman what the price of that shirt was.
Mr Ahmed asked the students what they knew about gardening.
Anwar asked Mrs Amin what kinds of stores Aseop had told.
The teacher asked me what my roll numer was.
Rina asked me what I wasdoing.
They asked him what his name was.
He asked the girl what hername was.
The old man asked the girlwhat her name was.
I asked the salesman what the price of that shirt was.
Ali asked what I was looking for there.
He asked me what I wanted.
He asked his father what he (F) was doing.
Mother asked her daughter what she would do the next day.
I asked him what he would do after his examination.
He asked the boy what his father’s name was.
The man asked me what class I read in and which book I wanted.
Mr Ahmed asked the students what they knew about gardening.
I asked him what he would do after the examination.
A stranger asked him what his name was.
Karim asked his sister what she was doing there.
My father asked me what I was doing then.
I asked Rahim what he would do after his exam.
He asked me what I wanted.
He asked me what the time was by my watch.
He asked me what my name was.

Narration Worksheet 1.3

Imperative Sentence

Direct Speech

Father said to his son, “Go to school now.”
Father said to me, “Go to school now.”
Father said to me, “Do the work at once.”
The piper said to the mayor, “Give me promised money.”
The teacher said to the student, “Be attentive and listen to my lecture.”
Father said to his son, “Learn to be holiest from your boyhood.”
The man said to me, “Obey your parents.”
The teacher said to the student, “Leave the room and do not return again today.”
The teacher said to the students, “Pen through the sentence.”
Mother said to me, “Always speak the truth.”
My brother said to me, “Go to school now or you will be punished.”
Mother said to me, “Respect your teacher.”
The teacher said to the students, “Learn your lesson regularly.”
Mother said to his daughter, “Always speak the truth.”
The teacher said to the students, “Take care of your health.”
I said to him,” Please tell me the way of hospital.
Father said to his son, “Go to school now.”
The teacher said, “Read attentively.”
The passer-by said to me, “Brother, please help me.”
The mother said to his son, “Call in a doctor.”
Ruplal’s mother said to him, “Accept your responsibility.”
The tourist said to the receptionist, “Please give me a vacant room.”
The doctor said to the patient, “Don’t take tea for some days.”
Dolon said to Lucky, “Stop excessive eating.”
The boy said to the teacher, “Please, lend me your book.”
My mother said to me, “Be polite to the elders, my child.”
The officer said to the workers “Leave the room at once.”
He said to his friends, “Please wait for me till I return.”
Father said tome, “Obey your teachers.”
Father said to me, “Go to bed at once.”
Nipa said to Dipa, “Please give me your story book.”
He said to me, “Learn your lesson regularly.”
He said to me, “Give me a book.”
He said to me, “Please excuse me.”
I said to my teacher, “Please help me in doing the sum.”
The teacher said to the student, “Go out of the classroom.”
Father said to his son, “Follow what your teachers say.”
Sharmin told Salma, “Do have a cup of tea.”
Rafia said to her, “Do come tomorrow”
Farzana said to Sadia, “You had better see a doctor.”
The doctor, “You had better not work hard.”
The girl said to her mother, “Do worry for me.”
The teacher said to the students, “Do not tell a lie.”
He said to the boys, “Don’t make a noise in here.”
Father said to me, “Do not waste your time.”
The teacher said to me,” Don’t elaborate your answer unnecessarily.”
Father said to me, “Do not run in the sun.”
I said to him, “Don’t be silly.”
Father said to his son, “Don’t quarrel.”
Father said to me, “Never tell a lie.”
Teacher said to him, “Don’t waste your time.”
Father said me, “Do not look down upon the poor.”
Father said to me, “Never go there.”
The teacher said to the students, “Don’t leave anything for tomorrow.”
Silvia said to Shila, Don’t peak so loudly.”
Mother said to the children “Do not go to the river.”
Father said to me, “Don’t go there.”
Father said to his son, “Don’t quarrel.”
The old man said to the boy, “Do not waste your time.”
They said to me, “Let us decide the matter ourselves”.
Anwar told Kashem, “Let’s go and see.”
The visitors said to us, “let’s have a walk by the river side.”
Rahim said to me, “Let us go to arrange a picnic.”
They said to us, “Let us discuss the matter ourselves.”
The teacher said to the student, “Let us discuss about gardening.”
Kamal said to his friends, “Let us inform it to our class teacher.”
The teacher said to the student, “Let’s try to solve the problem.”
Luna said to her friend, “Let us have a picnic on Sunday.”
Tamal said to me, “Let us settle the matter now.”
They said to us, “Let us go out for a walk.”
The captain said, “Let us show respect to the freedom fighters.”
He said to me, “Let’s finish reading the last part of this book.”
The boy said to me, “Let us have a visit to Ram Sagar.”
The six blind said, “Let us go and find out?”
The chairman said, “Let us settle the dispute.”
They said to him, “Let us play football today.”
He said to me, “Let us go there.”
Rimi said to Shila, “Let’s go for a walk in the open field.”
Salma said to her brother, “Let us return the bag to its owner.”
Dolon said to Rajon, “Let us paint the house.”
The boy said to his mates, “Let us go to the theatre.”
We said to them, “Let us built the dam.”
My friend said to me, “Let us go to the sea shore.”
He said, “Let us drop at here.”
The boy said to him, “Let us be friends again.”
Kamal said to his friends, “Let us not miss the chance.”
They said to us, “Let us decide the matter ourselves.”
He said, “Let us start the work without any delay.”
Tanima said to Adiba, “Let’s finish reading the last part of this book.”
Reza said to his friend, “Let us make a picnic.”
Nipu said to her mother, “Let us go home now.”
Farhana said to Rina, “Let us sing together.”
Sumyia said to Abeda, “Let us wait here till the rain stops.”
Foysal said to Menaz, “Let us learn our lessons.”
Tareq said to me, “Let us enjoy the play tonight.”
The beggar said to me, “Let me have a meal.”
The beggar said to me, “Let me have a cup of rice.”
Kamal said to Mrs. Ali, “Mother, Let me have a cup of tea.”
You said to me, “Let me come in.”
The beggar said to me, “Let me have a meal.”

Narration Worksheet 1.3 Answer

Imperative Sentence

Indirect Speech

Father ordered his son to go to school then.
Father ordered me to go to school then.
Father ordered me to do work at once.
The piper requested the mayor to give him promised money.
The teacher advised the students to be attentive and listen to his lecture.
Father advised his son to learn to be honest from his (boy) boyhood.
The man advised me to obey his parents.
The teacher ordered the student to leave the room and not to return againthat day.
The teacher advised the students to pen through the sentence.
Mother advised me toalways speak the truth.
My brother told me to go to school then or I would be punished.
Mother advised me torespect my teachers.
The teacher advised the students to learn their lesson regularly.
Mother advised her daughter to always speak the truth.
The teacher advised the students to take care of their health.
I requested him to tell him the way of hospital.
Father ordered his son to go to school then.
The teacher advised the person spoken to read attentively.
The passer-by addressed me as brother and requested me to kindly help him.
The mother told her son to call in a doctor.
Ruplal’s mother told him to accept his responsibility.
The tourist requested the receptionist to give him a vacant room.
The doctor advised the patient not to take tea for some days.
Dolon told Lucky to stop excessive eating.
The boy requested the teacher to lend him his book.
Addressing me as her child my mother advised me to be polite to the elders.
The officer ordered to the worker to leave the room at once.
He requested his friends to wait for him till he returned.
My father advised me to obey my teachers.
Father ordered me to go to bed at once.
Nipa entreated Dipa to give her (Nipa) her(Dipa’s) story book.
He advised me to learn my lesson regularly.
He told me to give him a book.
He requested me to excuse him.
I requested my teacher to help me in doing the sum.
The teacher told the student to go out of the classroom.
Father told his son to follow what his teacher said.
Sharmin requested Salma to have a cup of tea.
Rafia asked her to come the next day.
Farzana advised Sadia to see a doctor.
The doctor advised me not to work hard.
The girl told her mother not to worry for her.
The teacher advised the students not to tell a lie.
He ordered the boys not to make a noise there.
Father advised me not to waste my time.
The teacher advised me not to elaborate my answers unnecessarily.
Father advised me not to run in the sun.
I requested him not to be silly.
Father advised his son not to quarrel.
Father advised me not to tell a lie.
Teacher advised him not to waste his time.
Father advised me not to look down upon the poor.
Father advised me not to go there.
The teacher advised the students not to leave anything for the next day.
Silvia told Shila not to speak so loudly.
Mother forbade the children to go the river.
Father forbade me/told me not to go there.
Father advised his son not to quarrel.
The old man advised the boy not to waste their time.
They proposed to me that we should decide the matter themselves.
Anwar proposed to Kashem that they should go and see.
The visitors proposed to us that we should have a walk by the riverside.
Rahim proposed to me that we should go to arrange a picnic.
They proposed to us that we should discuss the matter ourselves.
The teacher proposed to the student that they should discuss about gardening.
Kamal proposed to his friends that we should inform it to our class teacher.
The teacher proposed to the student that they should try to solve the problem.
Luna proposed to her friends that they should have a picnic on Sunday.
Tamal proposed to me that we should settle the matter then.
They proposed to us that we should go out for a walk.
The captain proposed that they should show respect to the freedom fighters.
He proposed to me that we should finish reading the last part of that book.
The boy proposed to me that we should have a visit to Ram Sagar.
The six blind men proposed that they should go and find out.
The chairman proposed that they should settle the dispute.
They proposed to him that they should play football that day.
He proposed to me that we should go there.
Rimi proposed to Shila that they should go for a walk in the open field.
Salma proposed to her brother that they should return the bag to its owner.
Dolon proposed to Rajonthat they should paint the house.
The boy proposed to his matesthat they should go to the theatre.
We proposed to them that we shouldbuilt the dam.
My friend proposed to me that we should go to the sea shore.
He proposed to that we shoulddrop at there.
The boy proposed to himthat they should be friend again.
Kamal suggested his friends that they should not miss that chance.
They suggested to us that we should decide the matter ourselves.
He proposed that they shouldstart the work without any delay.
Tanima told Abidathat they should finish reading the last part ofthat book.
Reza proposed to his friend that they should make a picnic.
Nipu proposedto herthat they should go home then.
Farhana proposed to Ria that they should sing together.
Sumyia proposed to Abedathat they should wait here till the rains stops.
Foysal proposed to Menazthat they should learn their lessons.
Tareq proposed to me that we should enjoy the play that night.
The beggar told that he might be allowed to have a meal.
The beggar told that he might be allowed to have a cup of rice.
Kamal told his mother, Mrs. Ali that he might be allowed to come in.
The beggar requested me to let him have a meal.

Narration Worksheet 1.4

Optative Sentence

My mother said, “May God bless you.”
The mother said to her son, “May you succeed in the examination.”
He told me, “May you long live.”
Father said to me, “May you pass the exam.”
He told me, “Good morning.”
She told me, “Good evening.”
I said to him, "Good-bye."
The teacher said to me, "May you shine in life."
The man said to the old man, “May you live a longer life.”
The priest said, “May the god bless you.”
She said to me, “Wish you a happy life ahead.”
Mother said, “May my son recover soon.”
His friend said to him, “may you find success in life.”
I said to my brother, “May you pass the exam.”
The monk said, “May you find your path in life.”
The villagers said to the volunteers, “May you be rewarded for your good works.”
She said to him, “Wish you were here.”
He said, “May the truth triumph against all odds.”
He said to me, "May you live long !"
She said, "May your enemy go to hell !"
Seema said to me, "May God bless you with children !"
He said to her, "Good bye, my sister !"
My friend said to me, "Good morning, I am happy to see you !"
The son said, "Good night, Mom !"
The lady said, “Good morning, gentlemen.”
The boy said, “Good bye, mother”.
The children said to him, “Good evening, Sir.”
John said, “Good bye, friends, I shall take leave of you now.”
She said,"May you succeed in the examination!"
He said," May God bless you with success!"
The beggar said to him,"May you prosper in your business!"
The old lady said to her," May you live long!"
People said," Long live our Prime Minister!"
The Priest said to the lady,"May God bless you with a lovely son!"
She said to him."May you progress and prosper in life!"
She said to him."May you progress and prosper in life, my son!"
Mother said to me, "May you prosper in life."
The old man said to me, "May God bless you."
The followers said, "Long live our leader."
The girl said, "Could I but get the wings of bird."
I said to my friend, "May your father recover soon."
The boy said, "Oh, if I could get the first prize."
Nita said to teacher, "Good morning, Sir."
Rahul said to me, "Would that you were with us in the picnic."
He said, "O, for a cup of tea"
The leader said, "Long live democracy."
Teacher said to me," May you get success in life !"
She said to her neighbour," May you die soon!"
My friend said, " May God help you !"
I said to her," You be happy in your life !"
The subject said," Long live the king !"
The Prime Minister said," Long live our Democracy!"
People said," God save the nation!"
I said," Her soul live in peace !"

Narration Worksheet 1.4 Answer

Optative Sentence

My mother prayed that God might bless me.
The mother wished (prayed) that her son might succeed in the examination. OR: The mother wished (prayed for) her son's success in the examination.
He prayed that I might long live.
Father prayed that I might pass the exam.
He wished me good morning.
Indirect: She bade me good evening.
I bade him good-bye.
The teacher wished that I might shine in life.
The man wished that the old man might live a longer live.
The priest prayed that the god might bless him/her.
She wished me a happy life ahead.
Mother wished that her son might recover soon.
His friend wished that he might find success in life.
I wished that my brother might pass the exam.
The monk wished that he/she might find his/her path in life.
The villagers wished that the volunteers might be rewarded for their good works.
She wished that he was there.
He wished that the truth might triumph against all odds.
He wished that I might live long.
She cursed that my enemy might go to hell.
Seema prayed that God might bless me with children.
He bade good bye to his sister. Or He bade his sister good bye.
23. My friend wished good morning to me and said that he was happy to see me.
The son bade good night to his Mom.
The lady wished the gentlemen good morning.
The boy bade his mother good bye.
The children respectfully wished him good evening.
John bade his friends good bye and told them that he would take leave of them then.
She prayed that I might succeed in the examination.
He prayed that God might bless me with success.
The beggar prayed that he might prosper in his business.
The old lady prayed that she might live long.
People prayed that their Prime Minister might live long.
The Priest prayed that God might bless the lady with a lovely son.
She prayed that he might progress and prosper in life.
She called him her son and prayed that he might prosper in his life. OR She prayed that her son might prosper in his life.
Mother wished me that I might prosper in life.
The old man prayed that God might bless me.
The followers wished that their leader might live long.
The girl wished that she could but get the wings of bird.
I wished my friend that his father might recover soon.
The boy wished that he could get the first prize.
Nita respectfully wished/greeted her teacher good morning.
Rahul wished that I had been with them in the picnic.
He wished for a cup of tea.
The leader wished that democracy might live long.
Teacher wished that I might get success in life.
She cursed her neighbour that he/she might die soon.
My friend prayed that God might help me.
I wished her that she might be happy in her life.
The subject prayed that the king might live long.
The Prime Minister wished that their democracy might live long.
People prayed that God might save the nation.
I prayed that her soul might live in peace.

Proverb

Upper-intermediate (5( (HSC)

Narration Worksheet 1.5

Exclamatory Sentence

The man said, "What a fool I am!"
The boy said, "What a terrible storm it is!
He said, "Alas! How worthless I am."
The boy said, "Hurrah! My father has come."
I said to you, "How obliged are you to me!"
The teacher said to him, "How funny you are!"