Paragraph Writing THE LIFE OF A GARMENT WORKER Garments industry is one of the most important sectors for the economy of our country. The contribution of garment workers has made it possible. An ordinary garment worker in our country leads a very laborious life. Early rising in the morning is usual for her. She has to reach the factory a few minutes before her shift starts. Generally she walks to her factory along with other girls working there. Sometimes she has to get on a crowded public bus to reach her factory. On the way to her destination she is infected with slang words from various corners. In the factory she is not in a congenial atmosphere. She works in congested rooms, which is detrimental to their health. Sometimes she works whole day resting on her feet. Sometimes fire breaks out in the factory and there is no preventive measure. It is miserable for a garment worker. At noon she gets a lunch break for half an hour. Almost everyday she eats the poor lunch taken from her house with her colleagues in the factory. She works in the factory for long hours till late at night. She has to be at the factory up to 9 or 10 p.m. In spite of her long hours’ of work she is not remunerated properly. Since labour is cheap, hard work at the factory earns a garment worker very little money. Though she works hard for long hours of the day, she is frequently haunted by the thought of uncertain future. As tradition goes on, she will get married with a fellow worker and try to continue her poor life. Thus the life of a garment worker goes on with ups and downs. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing                             A Day in the Life of a Garment Worker The women who are engaged in different jobs and earn their livelihood are called working women. Speaking the truth, they are the part and parcel of our development. They work from morning till evening for their food and for the members of their family. Most of the working women of our country work in different garment factories. Each and every garment worker in our country leads a laborious and miserable life. Her day starts very early in the morning and ends at about 8 p.m. Generally she goes to her factory along with other girls working there. Sometimes she has to get into a crowded public bus to go to her factory. They are the vital force of the economy of our country. Besides, they help to alleviate the poverty of their families but they have to face social obstacles. She is to tolerate odd comments and thus she becomes the object of other's pity. In the factories, the women do not get a suitable atmosphere. Sometimes they work overtime. They are to eat poor lunch with their colleagues. There is no enough security in some factories. In spite of their long hours' of work, they are not remunerated properly. A garment worker maintains her family with her poor income and saves the members of her family from starving. The contribution of the working women to the total development of our country is not negligible. So to speak, our garment factories are still alive by their hard labour. It is undoubtedly true that the garment workers play an important role in our national life. Our economy gets a great support from them. So the Government should ensure some facilities like better transport, suitable remuneration and social security for them. THE LIFE OF A GARMENT WORKER   Garment industry has proved to be the most profitable business. Bangladesh earns a huge amount of foreign currency through this industry. Half of our population is women. They are greatly unemployed. But, after the opening of garment industry, they have begun to find jobs in factories as the nature of jobs in garments factories is such which only women can do. This has resulted into bringing about a new attitude to women. They are viewed as potential earning members of the family. The women have also begun to look at themselves newly. They are now economically independent. With this new sense of economic independence, they have also begun to realise that their status in society is very low. An ordinary garment worker in our country leads a very laborious life. She rises early in the morning and takes preparation for going to the factory. Her shift starts at 8 a.m., so she reaches there a few minutes before that time. She starts for her working place at about 7 a.m. Generally she walks to her factory along with other girls working there. Sometimes she has to get on a crowded public bus to reach her factory. On the way to her destination she is infected with slang words from various corners. In the factory she is not in a congenial atmosphere. She works in congested rooms, which is detrimental to their health. She has no seat to sit upon. Sometimes she works whole day resting on her feet. Sometimes fire breaks out in the factory and there is no preventive measure. It is miserable for a garment worker. At noon she gets a lunch break for half an hour. Almost everyday she eats the poor lunch taken from her house with her colleagues in the factory. She works in the factory for long hours till late at night. She has to be at the factory up to 9 or 10 p.m. In spite of her long hours’ of work she is not remunerated properly. Since labour is cheap, hard work at the factory earns a garment worker very little money. She likes working in a factory rather than in a household. But a long hour of work makes her sick often. She is used to over working. So she gets tired and bored with work. Most of her colleagues are friendly but male colleagues are not. They feel jealous of her independent work; sometimes they try to harass her. Though she works hard for long hours of the day, she is frequently haunted by the thought of uncertain future. As tradition goes on, she will get married with a fellow worker and try to continue her poor life. Thus the life of a garment worker goes on with ups and downs. GARMENT WORKERS Garment industry has proved to be the most profitable business. Bangladesh earns a huge amount of foreign currency through this industry. Bangladesh is a heavily populated country. Many people are unemployed. They do whatever they get for an earning. This makes the labour very cheap. This is the reason why garment industry has flourished in Bangladesh. Half of our population is women. They are greatly unemployed. But, after the opening of garment industry, they have begun to find jobs in factories as the nature of jobs in garments factories is such which only women can do. This has resulted into bringing about a new attitude to women. They are viewed as potential earning members of the family. The women also have begun to look at themselves newly. They are now economically independent. With this new sense of economic independence, they have also begun to realise that their status in society is very low. The emergence of the working women community has begun to change the face of Bangladesh. From being a poor unrecognised country, Bangladesh is now making its present felt as an emerging country. Much of the credit goes to women as they have shaken off their previous image. Though women are on the move by having jobs created for them, they are deprived of what is their actual due. Since labour is cheap, their hard work at the factory earns them very little money.   Some garments factories do not maintain hygienic rules. The working condition is not suitable. Fire easily breaks out. Too many women work in a small space for long hours, which is detrimental to their health. Some mullahs take a very strong attitude to women’s coming out for jobs. Through ‘attitude to women’s coming out for jobs. Through ‘fatwa’ (religious doctrine) they warn women not to seek work outside the family confinement. But, those who have a deep understanding of Islam maintain that Islam does not prohibit women from seeking honest livelihood. But the fanatic mullahs would not listen, and in the rural area where their influence is too strong, they succeed with all distorted preaching of Islam. The overall impact of the garment industry is positive. The women should be educated, and then they will understand whether or not they are being exploited by the garment owners   Garments Industries in Bangladesh Introduction : Bangladesh is a small and developing country in Asia. Her economic development depends firstly on agriculture and secondly on industries. Bangladesh is not developed in industries but she has been wonderfully promoted in garments industries in the recent years in Asia. Our garment industries are a remarkable sector in the field of industrialisation. Once our industry gained/achieved world-wide reputation. Muslin and Jamdani cloth of our country were world famous in the past. But the brute British rulers destroyed our developed cloth industry. Garments industries at present : Today our main source of foreign income is garments industries. In the last ten years Bangladesh achieved remarkable success and prosperity in the field of garments industries. In a word, a radical -change has come to our garment sector. In Bangladesh garments industries started after our Liberation War. At present there are above 3000 garments industries in Bangladesh. About 60% of the industries are located in Dhaka city and the rest are in Chittagong, Khulna and Comilla. At present about two million people earn their livelihood/ bread by working in our garments industries and 80% of them are women. The prospect of our garment industries is very bright. It is expected that Bangladesh garments industries ,will dominate over the world garment market in near future. Reason of development : The principal reason of development of our garments industry is our cheap labour than that of any other countries. The factory owners pay our women workers very low wages. It is easy to establish a garments industry in Bangladesh. The climate of our country is neither too hot nor cold. The owners need not huge capital to run a garment factory in Bangladesh. Our female garments workers are very laborious, regular, sincere and persevering. At last, it can be clearly said that extreme cheap labour is the prime cause of the prospect of our garments industries. The present world market : The demand of our readymade garments is very great in the world market. Specially, our garments has great demand in European Union, the U.S.A. and UK. Besides, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, German, Middle East etc are also other garment importing countries. Every year the number of garment importing countries is increasing wonderfully. In 19771978 fiscal year Bangladesh earned one million U.S. dollars but she earned 568 crores US dollars in 2003­ 2004 fiscal year. Problems of garment industries : The problems of our garments industries are inane. They are the following : al Bangladesh has to import huge raw materials for our garments industries which is a great bar to our garments industries. (b)    The foreign suppliers often supply low quality raw materials which hampers our production. (c)     Most of the female workers are illiterate and unskilled which harm our production. (a) The frequent failure of electricity is the principal cause of our low production. (e) Communication problem and traffic jam harm our garments industries. (f)      Low wages discourages our garments workers. (g)    High rate of VAT harms our production in the garment industry. Conclusion : In fine, it can be said that at present our garments industries are the one of the prime sources of earning foreign currency. All possible proper steps should be taken for the development of our garment industries. More garments .industries should be set up in the important port cities to solve our unemployment problem and to mobilize our national economy. THE LIFE OF A GARMENT WORKER The life of a garment worker in Bangladesh is marked by immense contribution to the national economy alongside profound challenges and hardships. These workers, predominantly impoverished and often illiterate, enter the garment industry due to economic necessity despite facing severe disadvantages in terms of wages and welfare. Their day begins early, navigating crowded city streets to reach garment factories, where they toil from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., sometimes even through the night. The work environment is typically unhygienic, exacerbating health risks. During lunch breaks, some workers consume homemade meals while others settle for cheap snacks from nearby vendors, a stark contrast to the products they help produce. Earning meager wages, garment workers struggle to support their families, leading to malnutrition and susceptibility to various illnesses. Socially, they endure stigma and discrimination, often being looked down upon by other segments of society. Furthermore, their safety is frequently compromised due to inadequate building structures and safety measures in factories, resulting in tragic accidents such as fires and collapses that claim many lives prematurely. Despite these challenges, garment workers play a crucial role in Bangladesh's economy by manufacturing clothing for global markets. Their plight underscores the urgent need for improved working conditions, better wages, and enhanced safety measures in garment factories. Ensuring their security and well-being not only aligns with ethical standards but also optimizes their productivity and contribution to the nation's economy. In conclusion, acknowledging and addressing the hardships faced by garment workers is essential for fostering a fair and sustainable industry. By prioritizing their welfare, Bangladesh can honor their significant contributions and pave the way for a more equitable future for all stakeholders involved in the garment sector. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing THE INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY The International Women’s Day is celebrated on the 8th March every year since 1914. It is an event marked by struggle around the world, an important occasion everywhere in the world. This date designated in many countries as a national holiday is also commemorated at the United Nation. The idea of the International Women’s Day first arose at the turn of the nineteenth century. There is disparity between men and women in the society. Women are always deprived of various rights and opportunities. It is necessary to make awareness among the people, especially women of the world on this issue. This is because if people are conscious, women will be able to enjoy more rights and facilities at every walk in the society. This is why the International Women’s Day is observed throughout the world proclaiming equality, justice, peace and solidarity. On 18th March, 1914 the women of all the European countries except Russia held rallies either to protest the First World War as part of the peace movement or to express solidarity with their sisters. Increasingly the International Women’s Day is a time to reflect on progress made to call for change and to celebrate acts of bravery and determination by ordinary women who have played an extra-ordinary role in the history of women’s rights. On this day, women of our country bring out procession, hold rallies, meetings and seminars. This is why the day is observed in Bangladesh. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing THE INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY The International Women’s Day dated March 8, an occasion is marked by women’s struggle around the world. It is an important date around the world. This date designated in many countries as a national holiday is also commemorated at the United Nation.   Women of all countries are often divided by national differences. They are also divided by ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences. Hence they come together to celebrate the day which symbolises their struggle for equality, justice, peace and progress.   The International Women’s Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history. The idea of an International Women’s day first arose at the turn of the century, which was accepted by more or less all the countries of the world. According to the declaration by the Socialist Party of America, the first National Women’s Day was observed across the United States on 28 February 1909. In 1910, the Socialist International, meeting in Copenhagen, established a Women’s day. Its objective was to honour the movement for women’s rights and to assist in achieving universal suffrage for women. The proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries. At that time no fixed date was selected for the observance.   The International Women’s day was marked for the first time (19 March) in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland. In addition to the right to vote and to hold public office, they demanded the right to work, to vocational training and to an end to discrimination on the job. Russian women observed their first The International Women’s Day on the last Sunday in February 1913. Elsewhere in Europe, on or around 8 March of the following year, women held rallies either to protest the war or to express solidarity with their sisters.   Since those early years, the International Women’s Day has become important all over the world for women in developed and developing countries alike. The growing International Women’s movement has asked for coordinated efforts to demand women’s rights and participation in the political and economic process. Gradually the International Women’s Day has become a time to mark the progress made. Again the day is observed to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of women’s rights. International Women’s Day Internationa women’s day is observed (March 8) honouring the achievements of women and promoting women's rights. A national holiday in numerous countries, it has been sponsored by the United Nations (UN) since 1975. International Women's Day (IWD) grew out of efforts in the early 20th century to promote women's rights, especially suffrage. In its campaign for female enfranchisement, the Socialist Party of America in 1909 held the first National Woman's Day, which was highlighted by mass meetings across the United States; the day was observed until 1913. Encouraged by German activist Clara Zetkin, the International Socialist Congress agreed in 1910 to create an international version of the U.S. holiday, and on March 19, 1911, the first IWD was held in Austria, Denmark, Germany, and Switzerland. More than one million people attended rallies marking the day. In the ensuing years the IWD was celebrated in additional countries and on varying dates. On March 8 (February 24, Old Style), 1917, women in Petrograd (St. Petersburg), Russia, marked the day by staging a strike to protest food shortages, poor living conditions, and World War I. This strike for “bread and peace” helped give rise to the Russian Revolution of 1917, which led to the abdication of Nicholas II on March 15 (March 2). In 1921 the date of the IWD was officially changed to March 8. In the following decades, the success of the suffrage movement contributed to a decline in the popularity of the IWD. However, aided by the growth of feminism in the 1960s and UN sponsorship (1975), the IWD experienced a revitalization in the late 20th century. Today, it is an important occasion for promoting women's issues and rights, especially in developing countries. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing The Utility of Sports and Games The proverb "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" emphasizes the value and importance of games and sports in our lives. In today's world, sports and games have become an integral part of education. There are two categories of sports and games: outdoor games and indoor games. Both types of games offer excellent forms of exercise, helping to strengthen our bodies and maintain good health. Additionally, they keep our minds lively and cheerful, alleviating the monotony of hard work and studies.Engaging in sports and games also instills qualities such as discipline and punctuality. These activities require participants to be sincere, dutiful, cooperative, disciplined, hardworking, punctual, regular, and united. Moreover, they contribute to broadening our perspectives and fostering rational attitudes, while also helping to dispel social superstitions.International sporting events provide a platform for individuals from diverse backgrounds and nations to come together, share their thoughts, views, and ideas, and build brotherhood, mutual understanding, and cooperation. These events serve as significant sources of entertainment and recreation, helping to relieve anxiety and tension. Furthermore, participation in sports helps individuals steer clear of antisocial behavior.Personally, I have a deep fondness for playing football, a sport beloved by people from all walks of life worldwide. I firmly believe that students who are passionate about sports tend to perform better in their exams. Therefore, it is crucial for every student to actively participate in sports and games on a regular basis. Model Answer-2 The Importance of Sports and Games Games and sports are very important for many reasons. First, they help keep our bodies healthy. When we play sports, we move our bodies in different ways, which makes our muscles stronger and our hearts healthier. This helps us stay fit and reduces the chances of getting sick. Second, playing games and sports is good for our minds. It helps us think better and make decisions quickly. When we play sports, we have to think about what to do next and how to win. This makes our brains work better and helps us concentrate on other things, like schoolwork. Third, games and sports help us make friends and work together with others. When we play on a team, we have to cooperate with our teammates to win. This teaches us how to get along with others and how to communicate well. It also helps us learn about different cultures and countries, as we often play against people from other places. Finally, playing games and sports makes us feel good emotionally. When we play, our bodies release chemicals called endorphins, which make us feel happy and less stressed. This helps us relax and feel better about ourselves. Also, when we play sports, we learn important life skills like being disciplined, never giving up, and being fair to others. In summary, games and sports are very beneficial for us. They keep our bodies healthy, make our minds sharper, help us make friends, and make us feel good emotionally. That's why it's important to encourage everyone to play sports and be active. Composition / Essay Writing My Favourite Game/Sports Or. The Game I Like Most Introduction : Various kinds of popular games are played in 'Bangladesh like football. cricket, volleyball, handball, basket ball and hockey. Of all the games I like football most. Football is a foreign game. It was first played in ,England. At present it is very popular all over the world. It is not expensive as cricket. It is an outdoor game. I feel the spectators get much more pleasure than any other game. Causes of liking : Football is my favourite game since it has some special advantages.It gives, us much pleasure. It is an exciting game. It makes the spectators pleasant. It doesn't take a long time. Required things and setting : It is an outdoor game it requires a big field. It is generally120 yards long and 80 yards wide. There are two goal-posts at each end. It is played between two teams. Each team has eleven players. Of them one is goal keeper. two full backs, three half backs and five forwards. There is a referee who conducts the match. How the game played : At the beginning, the ball is placed at die centre of the field. The referee whistles and the game starts. Then each team tries to pass the ball through die opposite goal-post. But the players cannot touch the ball with hands. Only the two goal keepers can touch and catch ball. 7bere is an interval of 10 minutes. The sides are changed after the interval. The team scoring more goals win,-, the garret. Teaching/Learning : It teaches us obedience to rules. It also teaches us discipline. co-operation and leadership. It improves the health of a player and makes him prompt, careful, strong, active and wealthy. Both the players and the spectators can learn the importance of rules and discipline in our life. They can learn how to struggle to be successful in life. Therefore, they are able to lead a disciplined life. It can be clearly said that football also can play a vital role in making our life disciplined and successful. Conclusion : Finally it can be stated that though. the game of football has some risks of being injured, it is liked by all. It is as popular as any other Barrie in the world. We like it very much. The game has both educative and cultural value. It gives us much pleasure and joy. A good player can earn a lot of money by playing football. The Game I Like Most Football is my favorite game. Originating in England, it has gained immense popularity worldwide. Among the various popular games played in Bangladesh, football holds a special place in my heart due to its unique advantages. Football is an exhilarating and dynamic sport that brings joy to both players and spectators. Unlike some other sports, football matches do not typically last for extended periods, making it accessible and engaging for fans of all ages. Played on a large field with minimal equipment, football requires only a ball and two goalposts at each end. Teams consist of eleven players each, including a goalkeeper, defenders, midfielders, and forwards. A referee oversees the match to ensure fair play and adherence to the rules. The gameplay involves maneuvering the ball past the opposing team's defense and scoring goals, with players prohibited from using their hands except for the goalkeepers. Halftime allows for a brief rest, and teams switch sides before resuming play. The team with the most goals at the end of the game emerges victorious. Football instills important values such as obedience, discipline, cooperation, and leadership. It promotes physical fitness and mental acuity, shaping players into disciplined, agile, and resilient individuals. Both players and spectators learn the significance of rules and discipline, fostering a spirit of competitiveness and determination essential for success in life. Despite the inherent risks of injuries, football remains immensely popular and beloved by enthusiasts worldwide. Its universal appeal transcends cultural and geographical boundaries, making it a unifying force. With its blend of entertainment, athleticism, and life lessons, football enriches lives and brings communities together, embodying the spirit of sportsmanship and camaraderie. THE IMPORTANCE OF GAMES AND SPORTS Games and sports are the source of enjoyment, amusement and pleasure. Men are rational beings and they need to develop their faculties to expose themselves in various fields. So they require soundness of body and mind for which games and sports are necessary. Games and sports are not only the sources of pleasure and amusement but also the means of keeping physically fit and establishing a relation between two rival groups by eradicating the conflicts and strifes. There are various kinds of sports like swimming, boating, running, jumping and games like football, cricket, hockey, tennis, badminton, volleyball, basket ball etc. Sports have a great significance in our individual as well as our collective life. It builds our body and gives us more energy in work. It gives us skill, discipline, sense of co-operation and team¬spirit. Some games call forth courage and presence of mind. Sports and games are joyful activities too. A true sportsman is frank, generous and free from petty spite. These are sportsmanlike qualities. There is no doubt that many outdoor games, such as football, hockey and cricket are very good for growing boys. They provide physical exercise, so necessary for health, in an interesting form. Moreover, such games, by training boys to work together in a team, teach corporate discipline and so promote what is called esprit de corps. Games form a valuable part of school education. They help in the moral training of boys. They teach certain necessary moral lessons, and in a way boys can understand, that the playing of games promotes co-operation, sense of fair-play, sporting spirit, obedience to rules, self-control, pluck and sacrifice of self for the good of the whole. The proverb says, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy." The sports can refresh and supply fresh vigour to our body and mind. A Latin proverb, "Mens sang in corporesano," that is, a sound mind exists in a sound body. The Game I Like Most Football is the most popular game of the world. People all over the world are mad for it. A huge amount of money is spent every year for this game. The standard of football in Europe and South America is very high. Football is played on an open grassy field. The field is 110 to 120 yards long and 70 to 80 yards wide. There are two goal posts at each end to the field. A crossbar is attached to the goal posts. The crossbar is eight feet high from the ground. The game is played between two teams. Each team has eleven players of which one is a goal-keeper. One referee and two linesmen conduct the game. Duration of the game is 90 minutes divided into two halves with a recess of 10/15 minutes. After the first half each team changes its side. The referee places the ball at the centre of the field. With the whistle of the referee a player of one team kicks the ball and the game starts. Football makes a man strong and healthy as it requires hard labour and quick movement. Football uses all the skills and energy of the body and mind. It teaches the players to be obedient, punctual, and hard-working in a team spirit. Football tournaments create friendship among the nations of the world. For these reasons football is my favorite game. I love football and it makes me happy. Football is played in all the countries of the world. So when the world cup tournament is held it creates sensation all over the world. Through satellite communication the matches of the tournament are telecast live and most people of the world enjoy them. Football brings the nations of the world closer and makes them friendly with one another. The Game I Like Most Football is a sport beloved by many, including myself. Originating in England, it has become a global phenomenon, captivating audiences with its fast-paced action and strategic gameplay. Unlike some other sports, football matches are accessible and engaging for fans of all ages, offering excitement and thrill that transcends cultural and geographical boundaries. Football holds a special place in my heart due to its unique advantages. It is an exhilarating and dynamic sport that brings joy to both players and spectators. The game's simplicity in terms of required equipment—a ball and two goalposts—makes it accessible to people from all walks of life. Played on a large field with teams consisting of eleven players each, including a goalkeeper, football is a test of skill, teamwork, and strategy. A football match begins with the referee placing the ball at the center of the field and signaling the start. Players aim to maneuver the ball past the opposing team's defense and score goals, relying solely on their feet, head, and torso to control the ball. The game's intensity builds as players compete for possession, execute passes, and attempt shots on goal. Halftime provides a brief respite for players to regroup before the action resumes. Beyond its entertainment value, football offers numerous educational and cultural benefits. The sport instills important values such as obedience, discipline, cooperation, and leadership. Players learn to work together towards a common goal, honing their communication and decision-making skills in the process. Football promotes physical fitness and mental acuity, shaping players into disciplined, agile, and resilient individuals. Moreover, football serves as a platform for cultural exchange and camaraderie. Matches bring communities together, fostering a sense of unity and belonging among spectators and players alike. The sport transcends linguistic and cultural barriers, creating opportunities for people from diverse backgrounds to connect and celebrate their shared love for the game. Despite the inherent risks of injuries, football remains immensely popular and beloved worldwide. Its universal appeal lies in its ability to inspire passion, teamwork, and perseverance. Whether played on a professional level or enjoyed casually with friends, football embodies the spirit of sportsmanship and camaraderie, enriching lives and bringing people together in pursuit of a common goal. In conclusion, football is more than just a game—it is a source of joy, inspiration, and community. Its global reach and universal appeal make it a unifying force that transcends borders and generations. As a fan and enthusiast, I am grateful for the countless memories and experiences that football has provided, and I look forward to many more moments of excitement and camaraderie on the field. Usefulness of Games and Sports Sports and games have a great value in our life. They help us to achieve a sound view of life both physically and mentally. They create international brotherhood and reduce enmity among nations. By being skilled and superior in these games we can bring glory and honour for the nation as well as the country. Sports are divided into two major types – namely indoor sports and out door sports. In-door games are played inside a building and out door games are played in the open space. Both types of games and sports are beneficial to us. Games and sports are the best kind of exercise. They help in the circulation of blood and harden muscles and make the body fit and strong. Again sound mind can reside only in a sound body. A man who is sick loses his cheerfulness and becomes irritating, fastidious, timid and morose. Sports give us immense pleasure. We work all day long. But we seldom can make time to play. Consequently, our energy becomes exhausted. In order to regain this energy, we need to take part in sports. This participation will remove our anxieties and will become a source of pleasure. Games and sports teach self-control, discipline and the habit of concentration. These games help us to form our character too. They help us in developing our personality. We learn the value of co-operation and unity. We can make a good relationship through sports and games with neighbouring countries. A country earns fame if she shows good performance at a sports competition. Thus we see that the dignity of a nation also depends greatly on sports. However, more effective steps should be taken to develop the condition of our country in games and sports. So, we should take part in games and sports regularly. It should be made as a profession in our country. VILLAGE GAMES OF BANGLADESH All nations on earth have their own games and sports. They are as much a necessity of life as food and drink are. Bangladesh is a tropical country. So we should have games and sports suitable to our climate. Luckily, we have many such outdoor games and sports. Among them Ha-du-du, Dariabandha, Kanamachhi, Gullachhut, Danguli, Buddhimantra, six-guti, sixteen­guti, Lathi-play, boat racing etc. are worth mentioning. Ha-du-du is a very popular game in Bangladesh. For this game at first a field is selected with a line in the middle dividing the field into two halves. All the players are divided into two teams. One player of a team goes across the middle line into the area of the other team all the while uttering ‘ha-du-du’ or ‘du-du-du’ without taking any breath. His object is to touch a player of the other team while he goes on uttering ‘du-du-du’ and to come back to his own area without being caught, held back or seized within the area of the other team by any of its members. The player so touched is called ‘dead’. The player who is caught or held back within the area of the other team is also ‘dead’ or out. If all the players of one team are thus ‘dead’ and the other team has some of its players still ‘living’, the former party is said to be defeated and the latter party wins a point. It is another popular game of our villages. In this game a field is made under certain rules equally divided with lines equi-distant from each other. Players are equally divided into two teams. One teams stand outside the field and each of the players of the other team stands on each line facing at least one opponent player. Players standing outside enter into the field one by one and try to pass across the field to the finishing end. If any player of a team crosses the field from the starting point to the finishing point and vice-versa, the team concerned wins the game. It is an interesting children’s game. A piece of cloth is tied over the eyes of a player. He cannot see through it. He is ‘blind’. Other players go round ham and touch his head or his body and say “Kanamachhi bho-vho” to him. He cannot see them but he catches somebody and says his name and that player takes his place to play as ‘blind’. It is another popular game in our villages. It is played between two teams of equal number of players. A team takes stand at a fixed point on one side of the field. Players of the other team stand scattered on the field facing the team that has taken position with one ‘king’ at a fixed point. The players of the king’s team run as fast as they can to cross the field. If the team of the king can cross the field with the help of ‘pucca’ players or if the king can cross the field untouched, his team wins the game. During the English occupation of our country, many of our country games have been replaced by the western games like football, cricket, hockey, tennis etc. People now lay greater emphasis on these games. There is no harm in taking to good foreign games and sports. But equal importance should be given to the plain and innocent village games and sports. They are especially suited to the physical condition of our people. They give sufficient exercise to the limbs of the body. The more important fact is that many of these games are the source of innocent mirth and merriment. Kanamachhi, Buddhimantra, etc. are also interesting games of the children. They give great joy to them. Last of all, our village games are not so dangerous or expensive as many of the foreign games are. Now that we are a free people, it is time that we should organize our traditional games and sports. These games will ensure us a sound mind in a sound body. VILLAGE GAMES OF BANGLADESH All nations on earth have their own games and sports. They are as much a necessity of life as food and drink are. Bangladesh is a tropical country. So we should have games and sports suitable to our climate. Luckily, we have many such outdoor games and sports. Among them Ha-du-du, Dariabandha, Kanamachhi, Gullachhut, Danguli, Buddhimantra, six-guti, sixteen­guti, Lathi-play, boat racing etc. are worth mentioning. Ha-du-du is a very popular game in Bangladesh. For this game at first a field is selected with a line in the middle dividing the field into two halves. All the players are divided into two teams. One player of a team goes across the middle line into the area of the other team all the while uttering ‘ha-du-du’ or ‘du-du-du’ without taking any breath. His object is to touch a player of the other team while he goes on uttering ‘du-du-du’ and to come back to his own area without being caught, held back or seized within the area of the other team by any of its members. The player so touched is called ‘dead’. The player who is caught or held back within the area of the other team is also ‘dead’ or out. If all the players of one team are thus ‘dead’ and the other team has some of its players still ‘living’, the former party is said to be defeated and the latter party wins a point. It is another popular game of our villages. In this game a field is made under certain rules equally divided with lines equi-distant from each other. Players are equally divided into two teams. One teams stand outside the field and each of the players of the other team stands on each line facing at least one opponent player. Players standing outside enter into the field one by one and try to pass across the field to the finishing end. If any player of a team crosses the field from the starting point to the finishing point and vice-versa, the team concerned wins the game. It is an interesting children’s game. A piece of cloth is tied over the eyes of a player. He cannot see through it. He is ‘blind’. Other players go round ham and touch his head or his body and say “Kanamachhi bho-vho” to him. He cannot see them but he catches somebody and says his name and that player takes his place to play as ‘blind’. It is another popular game in our villages. It is played between two teams of equal number of players. A team takes stand at a fixed point on one side of the field. Players of the other team stand scattered on the field facing the team that has taken position with one ‘king’ at a fixed point. The players of the king’s team run as fast as they can to cross the field. If the team of the king can cross the field with the help of ‘pucca’ players or if the king can cross the field untouched, his team wins the game. During the English occupation of our country, many of our country games have been replaced by the western games like football, cricket, hockey, tennis etc. People now lay greater emphasis on these games. There is no harm in taking to good foreign games and sports. But equal importance should be given to the plain and innocent village games and sports. They are especially suited to the physical condition of our people. They give sufficient exercise to the limbs of the body. The more important fact is that many of these games are the source of innocent mirth and merriment. Kanamachhi, Buddhimantra, etc. are also interesting games of the children. They give great joy to them. Last of all, our village games are not so dangerous or expensive as many of the foreign games are. Now that we are a free people, it is time that we should organize our traditional games and sports. These games will ensure us a sound mind in a sound body. Key Points: The Game I Like Most (Football) Popularity: Football is the most popular game worldwide, especially in Europe and South America. Field: Played on a grassy field, 110-120 yards long and 70-80 yards wide, with two goalposts. Team & Duration: Two teams of 11 players each; match lasts 90 minutes with a break. Health & Skills: Improves physical health, promotes team spirit, discipline, and hard work. International Unity: Football creates friendship among nations through tournaments like the World Cup, bringing people closer. Usefulness of Games and Sports Physical & Mental Health: Sports enhance physical fitness and mental well-being, promoting a sound mind in a sound body. International Brotherhood: Sports reduce enmity and foster unity among nations. Types of Sports: Indoor and outdoor sports provide various health benefits, including exercise and muscle strengthening. Character Building: Teaches discipline, concentration, cooperation, and teamwork. National Glory: Success in sports can bring fame and honor to a country. Need for Improvement: Calls for better infrastructure and regular participation in sports for national development. Village Games of Bangladesh Traditional Games: Bangladesh has unique village games, including Ha-du-du, Dariabandha, Kanamachhi, and Lathi-play, suited to the tropical climate. Ha-du-du: A team game where players must touch opponents while uttering “ha-du-du” without taking a breath. Dariabandha: A game where players try to cross a field to the opposite side without being tagged by the opposing team. Kanamachhi: A children's game where one player, blindfolded, tries to catch others by feeling them. Importance of Village Games: Village games are simple, fun, and healthy, requiring no expensive equipment, offering physical exercise, and promoting joy and innocence. Need for Preservation: Despite the rise of foreign games, traditional village games should be maintained for their cultural and physical benefits. Translate: খেলাধুলার গুরুত্ব খেলা এবং ক্রীড়া আনন্দ, বিনোদন এবং সুখের উৎস। মানুষ হলো যুক্তিবাদী প্রাণী এবং তাদের বিভিন্ন ক্ষেত্রে নিজেদের দক্ষতা প্রকাশ করার জন্য তাদের যোগ্যতা উন্নত করতে হয়। তাই তাদের শরীর এবং মন সুস্থ থাকতে হবে, এবং এজন্য খেলাধুলা অপরিহার্য। খেলাধুলা শুধু আনন্দ এবং বিনোদনের উৎস নয়, বরং শারীরিক সুস্থতা বজায় রাখার এবং দুটি প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বী দলের মধ্যে সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করার একটি মাধ্যমও। এটি সংঘর্ষ এবং শত্রুতা দূর করতে সহায়ক। এমন অনেক ধরনের ক্রীড়া আছে যেমন সাঁতার, নৌকা চালানো, দৌড়, লাফানো এবং খেলা যেমন ফুটবল, ক্রিকেট, হকি, টেনিস, ব্যাডমিন্টন, ভলিবল, বাস্কেটবল ইত্যাদি। ক্রীড়ার আমাদের ব্যক্তিগত এবং সমষ্টিগত জীবনে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা রয়েছে। এটি আমাদের শরীর গঠন করে এবং কাজ করার জন্য আমাদের আরও শক্তি দেয়। এটি আমাদের দক্ষতা, শৃঙ্খলা, সহযোগিতা এবং দলীয় মনোভাব প্রদান করে। কিছু খেলা সাহস এবং মনোযোগের প্রয়োজন। ক্রীড়া এবং খেলা আনন্দময় কার্যক্রমও। একজন প্রকৃত ক্রীড়াবিদ সৎ, উদার এবং ছোটখাটো বিদ্বেষ থেকে মুক্ত। এসব হলো ক্রীড়াবিদ গুণাবলী। এতে কোনো সন্দেহ নেই যে অনেক আউটডোর খেলা যেমন ফুটবল, হকি এবং ক্রিকেট বেড়ে উঠতে থাকা ছেলেদের জন্য খুবই ভালো। এগুলি শারীরিক ব্যায়াম প্রদান করে, যা স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য অত্যন্ত প্রয়োজনীয়, এবং তা একটি আগ্রহজনক আকারে। তাছাড়া, এই ধরনের খেলা ছেলেদের দলবদ্ধভাবে কাজ করতে প্রশিক্ষণ দেয়, যা দলের শৃঙ্খলা শেখায় এবং তাতে 'এস্প্রিট ডি কপস' বা দলগত মনোভাব তৈরি হয়। খেলা স্কুল শিক্ষা অংশ হিসেবে অত্যন্ত মূল্যবান। এটি ছেলেদের নৈতিক প্রশিক্ষণে সহায়ক। এটি কিছু প্রয়োজনীয় নৈতিক পাঠ শেখায়, এবং এমনভাবে শেখায় যে ছেলেরা বুঝতে পারে, যে খেলা খেলা তাদের মধ্যে সহযোগিতা, সৎ খেলা, ক্রীড়ামূলক মনোভাব, নিয়ম মেনে চলা, আত্মনিয়ন্ত্রণ, সাহস এবং পুরো দলের মঙ্গলার্থে আত্মত্যাগের মূল্য শেখায়। একটি প্রবাদ আছে, "সকল কাজ এবং কোনো খেলা না করলে জ্যাক একটা সাদাসিধে ছেলে হয়ে যাবে।" খেলা আমাদের শরীর এবং মনকে সতেজ করে এবং নতুন শক্তি প্রদান করে। একটি ল্যাটিন প্রবাদ আছে, "Mens sana in corpore sano", অর্থাৎ, একটি সুস্থ মন একটি সুস্থ শরীরে অবস্থান করে। আমার প্রিয় খেলা ফুটবল একটি খেলা যা অনেকের, আমারও, অত্যন্ত প্রিয়। ইংল্যান্ডে উদ্ভূত এই খেলা এখন বিশ্বের প্রতিটি কোণে জনপ্রিয়, তার দ্রুতগতির খেলা এবং কৌশলী খেলার জন্য। অন্যান্য অনেক খেলার তুলনায় ফুটবল ম্যাচগুলি সব বয়সের দর্শকদের জন্য সহজলভ্য এবং আকর্ষণীয়, যা সাংস্কৃতিক এবং ভৌগোলিক সীমানা ছাড়িয়ে উত্তেজনা ও রোমাঞ্চ প্রদান করে। ফুটবল আমার হৃদয়ে বিশেষ জায়গা দখল করে কারণ এটি অসাধারণ কিছু সুবিধা প্রদান করে। এটি একটি উত্তেজনাপূর্ণ এবং গতিশীল খেলা যা খেলোয়াড় এবং দর্শকদের জন্য আনন্দদায়ক। খেলার সরঞ্জাম—একটি বল এবং দুটি গোলপোস্ট—এর সহজতর হওয়ার কারণে এটি সকল স্তরের মানুষের জন্য সহজে খেলা সম্ভব। একে বড় মাঠে ১১ জনের দুটি দলের মধ্যে খেলা হয়, যার মধ্যে একজন গোলরক্ষক থাকে, ফুটবল হলো দক্ষতা, দলবদ্ধ কাজ এবং কৌশলের পরীক্ষা। একটি ফুটবল ম্যাচ শুরু হয় রেফারি মাঠের কেন্দ্রবিন্দুতে বল রেখে এবং খেলা শুরু করার সংকেত দিয়ে। খেলোয়াড়রা প্রতিপক্ষ দলের প্রতিরক্ষা অতিক্রম করে গোল করতে চেষ্টা করেন, তাদের পা, মাথা এবং শরীর ব্যবহার করে বল নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে। খেলার তীব্রতা তখন বেড়ে যায় যখন খেলোয়াড়রা বলের জন্য প্রতিযোগিতা করে, পাস দেয় এবং গোল করার চেষ্টা করে। বিরতি একটি ছোট সুযোগ দেয় খেলোয়াড়দের নিজেকে পুনরায় সাজানোর জন্য। এটি শুধুমাত্র বিনোদন নয়, ফুটবল শিক্ষা এবং সাংস্কৃতিক দিক থেকেও অনেক সুবিধা প্রদান করে। খেলা আনুগত্য, শৃঙ্খলা, সহযোগিতা এবং নেতৃত্বের মতো গুরুত্বপূর্ণ মূল্যবোধ শেখায়। খেলোয়াড়রা একটি সাধারণ লক্ষ্য অর্জনের জন্য একসাথে কাজ করতে শেখে, এবং এর মধ্যে তাদের যোগাযোগ এবং সিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণের দক্ষতা বাড়ে। ফুটবল শারীরিক ফিটনেস এবং মানসিক দক্ষতা উন্নত করতে সাহায্য করে, খেলোয়াড়দের শৃঙ্খলাপূর্ণ, চপল এবং প্রতিরোধী ব্যক্তি হিসেবে গড়ে তোলে। এছাড়া, ফুটবল সাংস্কৃতিক বিনিময় এবং বন্ধুত্বের একটি প্ল্যাটফর্ম হিসেবেও কাজ করে। ম্যাচগুলি সম্প্রদায়ের মধ্যে ঐক্য এবং belonging এর অনুভূতি সৃষ্টি করে, দর্শক এবং খেলোয়াড়দের মধ্যে সম্পর্ক তৈরি করে। এই খেলা ভাষাগত এবং সাংস্কৃতিক প্রতিবন্ধকতা পার হয়ে যায়, এবং বিভিন্ন পটভূমির মানুষের জন্য একে অপরের সাথে সংযোগ স্থাপনের এবং খেলার প্রতি তাদের অভিন্ন ভালোবাসা উদযাপনের সুযোগ সৃষ্টি করে। চোট-আঘাতের ঝুঁকি থাকা সত্ত্বেও, ফুটবল বিশ্বব্যাপী অত্যন্ত জনপ্রিয় এবং প্রিয়। এর বৈশ্বিক জনপ্রিয়তা এর মধ্যে থাকা উত্সাহ, দলবদ্ধতা, এবং অধ্যবসায়ের ক্ষমতার কারণে। এটি পেশাদার স্তরে খেলা হোক বা বন্ধুদের সাথে অবসর সময়ে খেলাই হোক, ফুটবল ক্রীড়াবিদত্ব এবং বন্ধুত্বের আত্মা ধারণ করে, জীবনে আনন্দ যোগায় এবং একত্রে একটি সাধারণ লক্ষ্য অর্জনে মানুষদের একত্রিত করে। অবশেষে, ফুটবল কেবল একটি খেলা নয়—এটি আনন্দ, অনুপ্রেরণা এবং সম্প্রদায়ের একটি উৎস। এর বৈশ্বিক উপস্থিতি এবং সর্বজনীন আবেদন এটিকে একটি একীভূত শক্তি হিসেবে তুলে ধরে যা সীমানা এবং প্রজন্মের ওপরে চলে যায়। একজন ভক্ত এবং অনুরাগী হিসেবে, আমি ফুটবল দ্বারা প্রদত্ত অসংখ্য স্মৃতি এবং অভিজ্ঞতার জন্য কৃতজ্ঞ, এবং আমি মাঠে আরও অনেক উত্তেজনা এবং বন্ধুত্বপূর্ণ মুহূর্তের অপেক্ষায় আছি। বাংলাদেশের গ্রাম্য খেলা পৃথিবীর প্রতিটি জাতির নিজস্ব খেলা ও ক্রীড়া রয়েছে। এগুলো জীবনধারণের জন্য খাদ্য ও পানীয়ের মতোই অত্যাবশ্যক। বাংলাদেশ একটি গ্রীষ্মমণ্ডলীয় দেশ। তাই আমাদের আবহাওয়ার উপযোগী খেলা ও ক্রীড়া থাকা উচিত। সৌভাগ্যবশত, আমাদের এমন অনেক বাহ্যিক খেলা ও ক্রীড়া রয়েছে। এর মধ্যে হা-ডু-ডু, দড়ি বাঁধা, কানামাছি, গুল্লাছুট, ডাংগুলী, বুদ্ধিমানন্ত্র, ছয়-গুটি, ষোলো-গুটি, লাঠি খেলা, নৌকা বাইচ ইত্যাদি উল্লেখযোগ্য। হা-ডু-ডু বাংলাদেশের একটি খুব জনপ্রিয় খেলা। এই খেলায় প্রথমে একটি মাঠ নির্বাচিত করা হয় এবং মাঠের মাঝখানে একটি রেখা দিয়ে মাঠ দুটি ভাগ করা হয়। সমস্ত খেলোয়াড়দের দুটি দলে ভাগ করা হয়। একটি দলের একজন খেলোয়াড় অন্য দলের এলাকায় চলে যায় এবং 'হা-ডু-ডু' বা 'ডু-ডু-ডু' বলে চলতে থাকে, কখনো শ্বাস নেয় না। তার উদ্দেশ্য হল অন্য দলের একজন খেলোয়াড়কে স্পর্শ করা, যাতে সে তার এলাকায় ফিরে আসতে পারে, তবুও তাকে অন্য দলের কোন সদস্য দ্বারা ধরা না পড়ে। যে খেলোয়াড় স্পর্শ করা হয়, তাকে 'মৃত' বলা হয়। যে খেলোয়াড় ধরা পড়ে বা অন্য দলের এলাকায় আটকে পড়ে, তাকেও 'মৃত' বা আউট বলে ঘোষণা করা হয়। যদি একটি দলের সব খেলোয়াড় 'মৃত' হয় এবং অন্য দলের কিছু খেলোয়াড় 'বেঁচে' থাকে, তবে প্রথম দলটি পরাজিত হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় দলটি একটি পয়েন্ট অর্জন করে। দড়ি বাঁধা আমাদের গ্রামের আরেকটি জনপ্রিয় খেলা। এই খেলায় একটি মাঠ বিশেষ কিছু নিয়ম মেনে ভাগ করা হয়, যেখানে প্রত্যেকটি রেখার মধ্যে সমান দূরত্ব থাকে। খেলোয়াড়দের দুটি দলে ভাগ করা হয়। এক দল মাঠের বাইরে দাঁড়ায় এবং অন্য দলের প্রতিটি খেলোয়াড় একটি করে রেখার উপর দাঁড়িয়ে থাকে, যেখানে কমপক্ষে একটি প্রতিপক্ষ খেলোয়াড় থাকে। খেলোয়াড়রা একে একে মাঠে প্রবেশ করে এবং মাঠের শেষপ্রান্তে পৌঁছানোর চেষ্টা করে। যদি কোন খেলোয়াড় প্রথম প্রান্ত থেকে শেষ প্রান্তে এবং আবার শেষ প্রান্ত থেকে প্রথম প্রান্তে পৌঁছাতে পারে, তবে সে দলটি জয়ী হয়। কানামাছি একটি শিশুদের জন্য রোমাঞ্চকর খেলা। এই খেলায় এক খেলোয়াড়ের চোখে একটি কাপড় বাঁধা হয়। সে কিছু দেখতে পায় না, অর্থাৎ সে 'অন্ধ'। অন্য খেলোয়াড়রা তার চারপাশে ঘুরে তার মাথা বা শরীর স্পর্শ করে এবং বলে, "কানামাছি ভো-ভো"। সে তাদের দেখতে না পেয়ে কাউকে ধরলে, তাকে নাম বলতে হবে এবং সে খেলোয়াড় নতুন 'অন্ধ' হিসেবে তার জায়গায় চলে আসে। বুদ্ধিমানন্ত্র আমাদের গ্রামের আরেকটি জনপ্রিয় খেলা। এটি দুটি সমান দলের মধ্যে খেলা হয়। একটি দল একটি নির্দিষ্ট স্থান থেকে শুরু করে, আরেকটি দল মাঠের বিভিন্ন জায়গায় ছড়িয়ে পড়ে এবং একটি দলের 'রাজা' স্থির থাকে। রাজার দলটি যত দ্রুত সম্ভব মাঠটি পার করার চেষ্টা করে। যদি রাজার দলটি মাঠটি পার করতে পারে, তবে তাদের দলটি জয়ী হয়। আমাদের দেশের ইংরেজি শাসনকালে অনেক দেশীয় খেলা পশ্চিমী খেলাগুলোর দ্বারা প্রতিস্থাপিত হয়েছে, যেমন ফুটবল, ক্রিকেট, হকি, টেনিস ইত্যাদি। এখন মানুষ এসব খেলায় বেশি গুরুত্ব দেয়। বিদেশি খেলাগুলি গ্রহণে কোনো অসুবিধা নেই, তবে আমাদের গ্রামীণ খেলা ও ক্রীড়াগুলোকেও সমান গুরুত্ব দেওয়া উচিত। এগুলি বিশেষভাবে আমাদের শারীরিক অবস্থার জন্য উপযুক্ত। এগুলি শরীরের অঙ্গ-প্রত্যঙ্গের জন্য যথেষ্ট ব্যায়াম দেয়। আরো গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ব্যাপার হলো, এসব খেলা অনেকেই নিষ্পাপ আনন্দ এবং খুশি প্রদান করে। কানামাছি, বুদ্ধিমানন্ত্র ইত্যাদি খেলা শিশুদের জন্য খুবই মজাদার। এসব খেলা তাদের প্রচুর আনন্দ দেয়। সর্বশেষ, আমাদের গ্রামীণ খেলাগুলি বিদেশি অনেক খেলার মতো বিপজ্জনক বা ব্যয়বহুল নয়। এখন, যেহেতু আমরা স্বাধীন জাতি, আমাদের ঐতিহ্যবাহী খেলা এবং ক্রীড়াগুলি সংগঠিত করার সময় এসেছে। এই খেলাগুলি আমাদের শারীরিক এবং মানসিক উন্নতির জন্য অত্যন্ত সহায়ক হবে। Vocabulary Vocabulary list related to "The Game I Like Most" with English meanings, Bangla, and Hindi translations in a table format: Word Meaning in English Bangla Translation Hindi Translation Advantage A condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable position. সুবিধা लाभ Amusement The state of being entertained or finding something funny. বিনোদন मनोरंजन Athlete A person trained in physical exercises, sports, or games. ক্রীড়াবিদ खिलाड़ी Atmosphere The mood or environment surrounding a particular event. পরিবেশ वातावरण Ball A spherical object used in many games and sports. বল गेंद Benefits Advantages or profits gained from something. সুবিধা लाभ Camaraderie A feeling of friendship and mutual support among people. বন্ধুত্ব मैत्री Competition The act of competing or a contest. প্রতিযোগিতা प्रतियोगिता Cooperation The process of working together towards a common goal. সহযোগিতা सहयोग Discipline The practice of training oneself to obey rules or a code of behavior. শৃঙ্খলা अनुशासन Energy The capacity for doing work or physical exertion. শক্তি ऊर्जा Excitement A feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness. উত্তেজনা उत्तेजना Fair-play Playing the game according to the rules and in a fair manner. সৎ খেলা खेल भावना Fitness The condition of being physically healthy and strong. শারীরিক সক্ষমতা फिटनेस Goalkeeper The player whose job is to prevent the opposing team from scoring. গোলরক্ষক गोलकीपर Happiness A state of being content or joyful. সুখ खुशी Intensity The quality of being very strong or concentrated. তীব্রতা तीव्रता Leadership The ability to guide or direct a group or team. নেতৃত্ব नेतृत्व Manoeuvre A movement or series of moves requiring skill and care. কৌশল चाल Motivation The reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way. অনুপ্রেরণা प्रेरणा Obstacle A thing that blocks one’s way or prevents progress. বাধা रुकावट Passion Strong feeling or enthusiasm for something. আকর্ষণ जुनून Penalty A punishment for a rule violation in a game. শাস্তি दंड Punctuality The quality of being on time. সময়ানুবর্তিতা समय पालन Referee An official who watches a game or match to ensure the rules are followed. রেফারি रेफरी Resilience The ability to recover from setbacks or difficulties. স্থিতিস্থাপকতা लचीलापन Spectator A person who watches a game, show, or event. দর্শক दर्शक Strategy A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal. কৌশল रणनीति Teamwork The combined action of a group to achieve a common goal. দলবদ্ধ কাজ टीमवर्क Tolerance The ability to accept or endure opinions, behaviors, or practices that differ from one's own. সহনশীলতা सहनशीलता Training The process of teaching or learning the skills necessary for a particular activity. প্রশিক্ষণ प्रशिक्षण Victory The act of winning or achieving success in a competition. বিজয় विजय Warm-up The exercises or activities performed before a game to prepare the body. উত্তাপ প্রস্তুতি वार्म-अप Whistle A small device used by the referee to start or stop play. বাঁশি सीटी Winning The act of achieving victory in a competition or game. বিজয়ী হওয়া जीतना

Composition / Essay Writing THE HOUSE I LIVE IN A house is a bare necessity to live a decent and enjoyable life. Without a house to live in, no man, in whatever station he might be placed, can be happy. Rabindranath, the great poet, felt the need of a house as is expressed in his poem ‘Asha’. He wanted his house to be situated by the side of an ever-flowing river producing sweet and melodious murmur. He wanted to have neither wealth nor honour but a romantic house. I am a social being and I live in a healthy society with good neighbours. I live in a house which is congenial to the development of my body and mind. My house is a modernly fashioned E-shaped one­storeyed bungalow pattern house, situated in an open place with good space on all sides. It has as many as eight rooms three bed rooms for the members of the house and one for guests, one reading room, one store room, one drawing room and one dining room. The reading room is furnished with glass-fitted almirahs containing books on different subjects and arranged in rows on all sides with a good space in the middle. In the centre of the reading room a table is placed with chairs on all sides. The drawing room of my house is furnished with comfortable modern furniture. Some nice pictures, photographs and handiworks are hung from the walls. The rooms are simple and arranged in different ways. A bathroom, a sanitary latrine and a kitchen are at a considerable distance from the bedrooms because smoke and damp are not congenial to health. A tube-well is sunk between the kitchen and the bathroom. The chief attraction of my house is a flower garden with plants of various seasonal flowers and with a wide and circular green lawn in the middle. After the day’s hard work I go to my garden in the afternoon, sit in the lawn, chat with friends or other members of my houses and enjoy myself. It also has a good kitchen garden where I grow vegetable of all kinds. We keep my house neat and clean. It is washed regularly to keep it tidy and comfortable. This is the house I live in. In such a house I can lead a happy, healthy and enjoyable life. And I can have a sound mind in a sound body, fit for work, mental and physical. THE HOUSE I LIVE IN A house is essential for a peaceful and fulfilling life. Without it, no one, regardless of their status or wealth, can truly feel content. Rabindranath Tagore, the renowned poet, expressed the desire for a house near a flowing river in his poem "Asha," where he would rather have a peaceful home than wealth or fame. I live in a house that offers a perfect balance for my body and mind. My home is a spacious, modern bungalow with an E-shaped design, set in a peaceful location with ample open space. It has eight rooms, including three bedrooms for family members, one for guests, a reading room, a store room, a drawing room, and a dining room. The reading room is filled with books on various topics, neatly arranged in glass-fronted cabinets. In the center, there is a table surrounded by chairs, creating a cozy space for study or quiet reflection. The drawing room is furnished with comfortable, modern furniture and decorated with pictures, photographs, and beautiful artworks. The layout of the rooms is simple yet well-organized. The kitchen, bathroom, and sanitary latrine are located far from the bedrooms to avoid the inconvenience of smoke or dampness. A tube-well is conveniently located between the kitchen and bathroom for easy access to water. One of the best features of my house is the flower garden, filled with vibrant seasonal flowers. In the center of the garden, there's a circular green lawn where I love to sit in the evenings after a long day. It’s a perfect spot to relax, chat with family members, or simply enjoy the tranquility of nature. Additionally, we have a kitchen garden where I grow various vegetables for our daily use. We make sure to keep our house clean and well-maintained, washing it regularly to ensure it remains tidy and comfortable. This house allows me to live a healthy, happy life, surrounded by peace, and ensures that both my body and mind are in good shape. THE HOUSE I LIVE IN The house I live in is a place that makes me feel comfortable and safe. It is not too big, but it is perfect for me and my family. We live in a modest, two-story house in a peaceful neighborhood, away from the busy city life. The house is painted in soft shades of cream and light brown, and the exterior is surrounded by a small garden filled with plants and flowers. When you enter the house, the first thing you notice is the spacious living room. It is cozy and well-lit, with large windows that let in plenty of natural light. There is a comfortable sofa set where we all gather to relax and watch TV in the evenings. The walls are decorated with family photos, adding a personal touch to the room. Adjacent to the living room is the dining area, which is where we have our meals together as a family. It is simple but warm, with a wooden dining table that can seat six people. We usually eat here during dinner, sharing stories from our day. The kitchen is one of my favorite parts of the house. It is neat and organized, with a small window that overlooks the garden. My mother spends a lot of time here, preparing delicious meals. The kitchen is equipped with modern appliances, making cooking easier and more efficient. Upstairs, there are three bedrooms. My room is simple but comfortable. It has a bed, a desk where I study, and a window that gives me a nice view of the street. The other two rooms are used by my parents and my sibling. The rooms are well-furnished and cozy, each decorated with our personal belongings. Outside the house, there is a small garden with a few trees and flowers. I enjoy spending time here in the morning, enjoying the fresh air. Overall, the house I live in is not just a place to stay, but a home filled with warmth, comfort, and love. It is the place where my family and I share many happy moments together. Bangla Translation: আমি যে বাড়িতে থাকি আমি যে বাড়িতে থাকি, তা একটি এমন স্থান যা আমাকে আরামদায়ক এবং নিরাপদ অনুভব করায়। বাড়িটি খুব বড় নয়, তবে এটি আমার এবং আমার পরিবারের জন্য উপযুক্ত। আমরা একটি সাধারণ, দুই তলা বাড়িতে থাকি, যা একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ এলাকায় অবস্থিত, যেখানে শহরের ব্যস্ত জীবন থেকে দূরে। বাড়িটি হালকা ক্রিম এবং বাদামী রঙে রাঙানো, এবং এর বাইরের অংশ ছোট একটি বাগানে ঘেরা, যা গাছপালা এবং ফুলে পূর্ণ। বাড়িতে প্রবেশ করলে প্রথম যে জিনিসটি আপনার চোখে পড়ে তা হল প্রশস্ত লিভিং রুম। এটি আরামদায়ক এবং ভালোভাবে আলোকিত, বড় জানালা দিয়ে প্রচুর প্রাকৃতিক আলো প্রবাহিত হয়। সেখানে একটি আরামদায়ক সোফা সেট রয়েছে, যেখানে আমরা সবাই একসাথে বসে সন্ধ্যায় টিভি দেখতে বা বিশ্রাম নিতে। দেওয়ালগুলি পারিবারিক ছবিতে সজ্জিত, যা রুমটিতে একটি ব্যক্তিগত স্পর্শ যোগ করে। লিভিং রুমের পাশে একটি ডাইনিং এরিয়া রয়েছে, যেখানে আমরা একসাথে খাবার খাই। এটি সাধারণ কিন্তু উষ্ণ, একটি কাঠের ডাইনিং টেবিল দিয়ে, যা ছয়জন লোক বসতে পারে। আমরা সাধারণত এখানে রাতের খাবার খাই, আমাদের দিনের গল্প শেয়ার করি। কিচেনটি আমার বাড়ির প্রিয় অংশগুলির মধ্যে একটি। এটি পরিষ্কার এবং সংগঠিত, একটি ছোট জানালা দিয়ে যা বাগানের দিকে দেখায়। আমার মা এখানে অনেক সময় কাটান, সুস্বাদু খাবার প্রস্তুত করতে। কিচেনটি আধুনিক যন্ত্রপাতি দ্বারা সজ্জিত, যা রান্না করার কাজকে আরও সহজ এবং কার্যকর করে তোলে। উপরতলায় তিনটি শয়নকক্ষ রয়েছে। আমার কক্ষটি সাধারণ কিন্তু আরামদায়ক। এখানে একটি বিছানা, একটি ডেস্ক যেখানে আমি পড়াশোনা করি, এবং একটি জানালা আছে যা আমাকে রাস্তায় একটি সুন্দর দৃশ্য দেয়। অন্য দুটি কক্ষ আমার মা-বাবা এবং আমার সঙ্গী ব্যবহার করেন। কক্ষগুলো ভালভাবে সাজানো এবং আরামদায়ক, প্রতিটি রুমে আমাদের ব্যক্তিগত জিনিসপত্র রয়েছে। বাড়ির বাইরে একটি ছোট বাগান রয়েছে, যেখানে কিছু গাছ এবং ফুল রয়েছে। আমি এখানে সকালে সময় কাটাতে পছন্দ করি, তাজা বাতাস উপভোগ করি। মোটের ওপর, আমি যে বাড়িতে থাকি, তা শুধুমাত্র একটি থাকার স্থান নয়, বরং একটি বাড়ি যা উষ্ণতা, আরাম এবং ভালোবাসায় পূর্ণ। এটি এমন একটি স্থান, যেখানে আমার পরিবার এবং আমি একসাথে অনেক সুখী মুহূর্ত শেয়ার করি। Vocabulary: Vocabulary list related to the essay "The House I Live In," with English, Bangla, and Hindi meanings: English Word Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning Necessity প্রয়োজন आवश्यकता Status মর্যাদা स्थिति Wealth ধন-সম্পদ संपत्ति Peaceful শান্তিপূর্ণ शांतिपूर्ण Fulfilling পরিপূর্ণ संतोषजनक Spacious প্রশস্ত विशाल Modern আধুনিক आधुनिक Design নকশা डिज़ाइन Arrangement ব্যবস্থা व्यवस्था Cozy আরামদায়ক आरामदायक Reflection প্রতিফলন विचार Comfortable আরামদায়ক आरामदायक Layout আয়তন रूपरेखा Inconvenience অস্বস্তি असुविधा Tube-well টিউবওয়েল ट्यूबवेल Vibrant উজ্জ্বল जीवंत Tranquility শান্তি शांति Kitchen Garden বাগান रसोई बागान Maintain রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ रखरखाव Well-organized সুসজ্জিত व्यवस्थित Tidy পরিষ্কার साफ Modest মিতব্যয়ী विनम्र Neighborhood প্রতিবেশী এলাকা पड़ोस Exterior বাহ্যিক অংশ बाहरी हिस्सा Cozy আরামদায়ক आरामदायक Family Photos পারিবারিক ছবি पारिवारिक तस्वीरें Appliances যন্ত্রপাতি उपकरण Equipped সজ্জিত सुसज्जित Well-furnished সুসজ্জিত अच्छे से सुसज्जित Personal Belongings ব্যক্তিগত জিনিসপত্র व्यक्तिगत सामान Fresh Air সতেজ বায়ু ताजगी हवा Share ভাগ করা बाँटना Moments মুহূর্ত पल

Composition / Essay Writing The Happiest Day In My Life Or The Most Exciting Day In My Life Life is indeed a drudgery of routine. Normally we are unable to distinguish one day from the other. There are however some days that have a special significance for us, for example our birthdays or that of our near and dear ones. We do not easily forget them but look forward to them. Besides this, there is day, which is the happiest day of our life. It marks a turning point in our life, which we can never forget. Ii was just last year when I had appeared for my ICSE examination and after a brief vacation had competed for the National Science Talent Search Examination. I had not done the science paper of the ICSE exams up to my expectations and was feeling quite dejected on this account. As the day for the announcement of results drew nearer my nervousness increased giving me sleepless nights. At time I had terrible nightmares that made my hairs stand on end. I knew my parents had great expectations from me and the thought of letting them down made me paranoid. It was the tenth of May at about 10 a.m. my friend Mohan, rang up to inform that I had topped in the school. He had just seen the results from the internet site and had rung up to congratulate me. i was speechless, for so numb was I with apprehension, that his words did not immediately register. I was barely able to say ‘Thank you’ and gentle put the phone down. By this time my parents and sister were crowding round me to know what the matter was. I jubilantly told them about my result. What followed was just indescribable. While my parents kissed and hugged me my friend came around to congratulate me. I was indeed enjoying being the cynosure of all eyes and kept pincing myself to ascertain that I was not hallucination. Just then my eyes fell on the daily newspaper which had been lying on the table, completely ignored in the commotion. No sooner had I turned the cover page when my heart skipped a beat, for Lo and Behold! staring me staring in the face was the result of the National Science Talent Search Test. With shaking fingers, I scanned the roll numbers and to my surprise I found my number. I called out to my mother and within no time the news spread throughout the neighborhood. I had indeed become a star overnight. This was something I had just not anticipated, but it meant to me more than anything else. It was indeed a milestone towards my ambition to become a scientist. Looking back, I feel elated for what happened that fateful day which was the happiest day of my life. This day, which shall always be fresh in my memory for it was the turning point in my life. The Happiest Day In My Life The happiest day of my life was the day I graduated from school. It was a day filled with joy, excitement, and a sense of accomplishment. I had been looking forward to this day for a long time, and when it finally arrived, it was even better than I had imagined. The day started with a ceremony at the school, where all the students and their families gathered. My family, especially my parents, were there to support me. I could see the pride in their eyes as they watched me walk across the stage to receive my certificate. I had worked hard for many years to reach this point, and standing there, knowing that I had achieved my goals, was an unforgettable feeling. After the ceremony, we had a small celebration with my friends and teachers. We took many pictures together, laughing and reminiscing about all the good times we had spent in school. My friends and I shared our dreams for the future and promised to stay in touch no matter where life took us. Later that evening, my family organized a special dinner to celebrate my graduation. We went to my favorite restaurant, where I enjoyed a delicious meal with my loved ones. I felt truly blessed to be surrounded by such caring people who had always supported me through every challenge. The whole day was filled with love, pride, and happiness. It was a day that I will always cherish, as it marked the end of one chapter in my life and the beginning of a new one. That day reminded me that hard work, dedication, and support from those we love can help us achieve great things. It was, without a doubt, the happiest day of my life. Bangla Translation: আমার জীবনের সবচেয়ে আনন্দের দিন জীবন সত্যিই একঘেয়ে রুটিনের মধ্যে ডুবে থাকে। সাধারণত, আমরা এক দিন আরেকটি দিনের থেকে আলাদা করতে পারি না। তবে কিছু কিছু দিন থাকে, যেগুলোর আমাদের কাছে বিশেষ গুরুত্ব থাকে, যেমন আমাদের জন্মদিন বা আমাদের প্রিয়জনদের জন্মদিন। আমরা সহজে সেগুলো ভুলে যাই না এবং সেগুলোতে প্রত্যাশা নিয়ে থাকি। এছাড়া এমন একটি দিন থাকে, যা আমাদের জীবনের সবচেয়ে আনন্দের দিন। এটি আমাদের জীবনে এক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ মোড়বিন্দু তৈরি করে, যা আমরা কখনও ভুলতে পারি না। এটা ছিল গত বছর, যখন আমি আমার আইসিএসই পরীক্ষায় অংশগ্রহণ করেছিলাম এবং কিছুদিনের ছুটি নিয়ে ন্যাশনাল সায়েন্স ট্যালেন্ট সার্চ পরীক্ষায় অংশ নিয়েছিলাম। আইসিএসই পরীক্ষার বিজ্ঞান পেপার আমি আমার প্রত্যাশা অনুযায়ী ভালো করিনি এবং এ কারণে আমি বেশ হতাশ হয়ে পড়েছিলাম। ফলাফল ঘোষণার দিন যতই কাছে আসছিল, আমার উদ্বেগ বাড়ছিল এবং রাত জেগে থাকতাম। মাঝে মাঝে আমি ভয়ঙ্কর দুঃস্বপ্ন দেখতাম, যা আমাকে কাঁপিয়ে দিত। আমি জানতাম আমার বাবা-মায়ের আমার প্রতি অনেক প্রত্যাশা রয়েছে এবং তাদের হতাশ করা ভাবনায় আমি পাগল হয়ে যাচ্ছিলাম। এটা ছিল ১০ই মে, সকাল ১০টার দিকে আমার বন্ধু মোহন ফোন করল এবং জানালো যে আমি স্কুলে প্রথম হয়েছি। সে ইন্টারনেট সাইট থেকে ফলাফল দেখে আমাকে ফোন করে শুভেচ্ছা জানিয়েছে। আমি speechless হয়ে পড়েছিলাম, এতটাই হতাশা ও উদ্বেগে মগ্ন ছিলাম যে তার কথা প্রথমে বুঝতে পারিনি। আমি কেবল "ধন্যবাদ" বলতে পেরেছিলাম এবং ফোনটি সাবধানে রেখে দিলাম। এর মধ্যেই আমার বাবা-মা এবং বোন আমার চারপাশে ঘুরে বেড়াচ্ছিল, তারা জানতে চাইছিল কী হয়েছে। আমি আনন্দের সাথে তাদের জানালাম আমার ফলাফলের কথা। এরপর যা ঘটল তা বর্ণনাতীত। আমার বাবা-মা আমাকে চুমু দিয়ে ও জড়িয়ে ধরে খুশি হয়েছিলেন, এবং আমার বন্ধু আমাকে শুভেচ্ছা জানাতে আসল। আমি সত্যিই আনন্দিত ছিলাম, যেন আমি সবাইর দৃষ্টি আকর্ষণ করছিলাম, এবং নিজের গালে একটু টোকা দিচ্ছিলাম নিশ্চিত করতে যে আমি স্বপ্ন দেখছি না। ঠিক তখনই আমার চোখ পড়ল টেবিলের উপর পড়ে থাকা দৈনিক সংবাদপত্রের দিকে, যেটি গত কিছু সময় ধরে উপেক্ষিত ছিল। আমি কভার পেজটি উল্টিয়ে দেখতেই আমার হৃদয় এক দৌড়ে থেমে গেল, কারণ হে ঈশ্বর! সামনে পড়ে ছিল ন্যাশনাল সায়েন্স ট্যালেন্ট সার্চ টেস্টের ফলাফল। কাঁপতে কাঁপতে আমি রোল নম্বর গুলি দেখতে শুরু করলাম এবং অবাক হয়ে দেখলাম আমার নাম রয়েছে। আমি মা-কে ডাকলাম এবং ততক্ষণে খবরটি পুরো পাড়া-মহল্লায় ছড়িয়ে পড়ল। আমি সত্যিই এক রাতে তারকা হয়ে গিয়েছিলাম। এটি এমন কিছু ছিল যা আমি কখনও ভাবিনি, কিন্তু এটা আমার জন্য অনেক বেশি গুরুত্ববহ ছিল। এটি ছিল আমার স্বপ্ন, একজন বিজ্ঞানী হওয়ার পথের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ সিঁড়ি। পেছনে ফিরে তাকালে, আমি সেই দিনটিতে আনন্দিত অনুভব করি, যা আমার জীবনের সবচেয়ে আনন্দের দিন ছিল। এই দিনটি, যা আমি সবসময় স্মরণ রাখব, কারণ এটি ছিল আমার জীবনের এক গুরুত্বপূর্ণ মোড়বিন্দু। Vocabulary: vocabulary list related to the essay "The Happiest Day in My Life," with English, Bangla, and Hindi meanings: English Word Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning Drudgery কঠিন পরিশ্রম परिश्रम Routine রুটিন दिनचर्या Distinguish পার্থক্য করা अंतर करना Significance গুরুত্ব महत्व Dejected হতাশ निराश Nervousness চিন্তা घबराहट Sleepless নিদ্রাহীন नींदहीन Paranoid আতঙ্কিত मानसिक असंतुलन Jubilantly আনন্দিতভাবে खुशी से Cynosure আকর্ষণীয় বিষয় आकर्षण Hallucination ভ্রম भ्रांति Skipped a beat আচমকা ধ্বনি चूक गया Shaking কাঁপানো कांपना Scanned স্ক্যান করা खंगालना Milestone মাইলফলক मील का पत्थर Elated উৎফুল্ল उत्साहित Ceremony অনুষ্ঠান समारोह Accomplishment অর্জন उपलब्धि Certificate সার্টিফিকেট प्रमाणपत्र Reminiscing স্মৃতিচারণ यादें ताजा करना Graduation স্নাতক स्नातक Delicious সুস্বাদু स्वादिष्ट Blessed আশীর্বাদিত आशीर्वादित Cherish মূল্যবান মনে করা संजोना Dedication উৎসর্গ समर्पण Support সমর্থন Vo

Paragraph Writing Science and Religion Throughout history, humans have turned to religious beliefs to understand the world. However, as knowledge advanced, so did the need for scientific exploration. Some people, lacking deep understanding of religion, believe there are conflicts between science and faith. Yet, upon closer examination, we find significant connections between these two aspects of human life. Science provides practical solutions while religion offers theories. The foundation of science can often be traced back to religious teachings. Both science and religion share the common goal of seeking truth, albeit through different means. While science deals with tangible realities, religion explores abstract concepts. Misinterpretations of religious teachings can lead to conflicts with science. However, when viewed accurately, science and religion complement each other. They work together for the betterment of humanity. Resolving conflicts between them is essential for progress. In essence, science and religion are not opposing forces but rather complementary aspects of human understanding. They both aim to uncover truths about the universe and our existence. By recognizing their interconnectedness, we can foster harmony and progress in both realms. Composition / Essay Writing The Blessings/wonders of science Introduction: Life to-day is governed by science. No aspect of our life is now free from the influence of science. The greater is the control of a people over nature, the more civilized it is. Hence the progress of civilization is dependent on the progress of science. Modern civilization with its amenities of life may be called the product of modern science. So, we cannot think of new life without it. Blessings of science: The blessings of science are clearly seen everywhere around us. It has brought a thorough change over the surface of this world. Electricity, Telephone, Television, Radio, Cinema, Computer, Aeroplane, Rocket, Telegraph, X-ray, Nuclear energy etc. are the highest blessings and wonders of modern science. How ever the blessings of modern science are described below. Electricity: This wonderful invention has radically changed human life, society and culture. It turns the night into the day. Man can now remove the darkness of his room by turning a small switch. With the help of electricity he can now control the hot weather by moving fans and he can also run the transport service, radio and many after things. Computer: Computer is the miracle invention of science. It serves man in ways that cannot be counted. All sorts of typing, calculation, cheap communications, data processing and various office works can be executed by a computer easily and efficiently. Medical Science: Science has done great wonders in the field of medicine and treatment of patients. It has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights with diseases by the power of drugs which are invented for the benefit of mankind. The X-ray, the pathological diagnostic devices, the penicillin have come as real blessings to humanity. The wireless: One can read a message from any part of the world to another part in the twinkling of an eye by means of wireless. The radio operates through wireless and the television is an improvement upon the radio. It pleases our senses of sight and hearing at the same time. Communication: It is the excitable system of the modern world. It contains Transportation, Radio, T.V., Cinema, Telephone, Telegraph, Fax, and Wireless etc. Aeroplanes, Buses, Trucks, Trains, Launches and steamers carry passengers and goods. Wireless, Telephone, Fax have brought the world nearer. In fact, science has won distance successfully. Agriculture: Science has worked wonders in the field of agriculture. The invention of tractor, Power-Pump, fertilizer, insecticide-all make agriculture to have maximum out put. Conclusion: So, the blessings of science are innumerable. From morning till late night science fills our life with all sorts of comforts. Its blessings is really unimaginable and its uses cannot be expressed in words. Advanced The Blessings/wonders of science Introduction: In this modern age, science has become the driving force behind human progress and development. Its pervasive influence extends to every aspect of our existence, shaping our societies, cultures and economies. In fact, the advancement of science and technology is inextricably linked to the growth and evolution of human civilization, such that our present-day lifestyle, replete with modern amenities, is the product of scientific inquiry and discovery. The centrality of science to our lives is such that imagining existence without it is unthinkable. Blessings of Science: The blessings of science are manifold and evident all around us. The transformative impact of modern science is most visible in the proliferation of technological marvels that have revolutionized human life. Electricity, Telephone, Television, Radio, Cinema, Computer, Aeroplane, Rocket, Telegraph, X-ray, Nuclear energy etc. are some of the greatest blessings and wonders of modern science. The following are some of the ways in which science has blessed mankind: Electricity: The discovery of electricity has transformed the way we live, work, and play. It has enabled us to light up our homes, power our appliances, and keep our cities humming round the clock. With the flick of a switch, we can now banish darkness and create light where once there was none. We can cool our homes in the heat of summer, and warm them in the chill of winter. We can run our transport services, power our radios, and do a million other things, all thanks to the marvel of electricity. Computer: The advent of computers has revolutionized the way we work and communicate. Computers have made it possible to perform a wide variety of tasks with ease and efficiency, from data processing to cheap communication. They have transformed the way we do business, and have made it possible to carry out office work with greater speed and accuracy than ever before. Medical Science: Science has made great strides in the field of medicine, bringing relief to countless individuals suffering from various ailments. Modern medicine has given us a wide range of drugs and treatments, making it possible to fight diseases and illnesses with greater effectiveness. The X-ray and other diagnostic devices have made it possible to identify and treat medical conditions with greater accuracy, while the discovery of penicillin has saved countless lives. The Wireless: The development of wireless technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and stay connected. With the help of wireless technology, we can now send messages and information from one part of the world to another in an instant. Radio and television are just two of the many ways in which wireless technology has changed the way we perceive and interact with the world around us. Communication: The communication revolution has shrunk the world, making it easier than ever before to connect with people and places that were once beyond our reach. Transportation, radio, television, cinema, telephone, telegraph, fax, and wireless technology have all contributed to this revolution. Trains, buses, airplanes, ships, and other forms of transport have made it possible to move people and goods with greater speed and efficiency than ever before, while radio, television, and cinema have brought the world to our doorstep. Agriculture: Science has also revolutionized agriculture, making it possible to maximize crop yields and improve the quality of agricultural produce. The invention of the tractor, power-pump, fertilizer, and insecticide have all contributed to making agriculture more productive and efficient. Conclusion: In conclusion, the blessings of science are too numerous to count, and they touch every aspect of our lives. From the moment we wake up in the morning till we retire to bed at night, science fills our lives with comfort, convenience, and wonder. Its transformative power is evident all around us, and it is difficult to imagine a world without the marvels of modern science. The blessings of science are truly unimaginable and its uses cannot be expressed in words. THE TRIUMPH OF SCIENCE We live in an age of science. Modern life cannot be thought of without science. The blessings of science are felt in every sphere of modern life. Indeed, modern civilization is based on the achievements of science. The blessings of science are too many to describe at one place. Take the case of a modern city or a town which enjoys mostly the gifts of science. A modern town is planned scientifically. Communication and sanitation are maintained by science. Streets and houses are lighted by science. Cinema shows, radio, electric fans are all gifts of science. Motor cars, telephones, televisions are all made by science. Again, scientific machines purify and supply drinking water. Mills and factories are run with the help of science. Modern industry cannot grow without science. Science has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights diseases scientifically. Doctors examine patients scientifically. He uses scientific instruments and drugs to cure diseases. A modern hospital cannot be run without the help of science. X-ray, ultra-violet ray and penicillin treatment are the blessings of science. Science has spread education among the people. Printing press has made books cheap and available to masses. Thousands of books and magazines are printed and widely circulated by scientific means. All these spread knowledge among people. The blessings of science are felt even in the process of our thought. It has systematized our ideas, changed our outlook and done away with superstitions. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. They so long moved in bullock carts from place to place and used handloom cloth and indigenous medicines. But today their journey to a distant place cannot be done without railway and steamer. They use buses when they pass along highways. During dark nights they use torch lights and during leisure time they listen to stereo-cassettes and transistors. Science is not, however, an unmixed blessing. It has brought misery to many. It has given rise to capitalism making the massage poor and enriching only a few. The workers of mills and factories live in unhealthy slums. They are the victims of science. During war science becomes a curse. Deadly scientific weapons kill thousands of people and ruin cities. The large scale loss suffered during a war affects widely the lives of people. Thus the bed effects of science are also felt by the common man in his daily life. But science itself is not responsible for these evils. It is the devil in man which puts it to wrong use. Science is a powerful weapon in the hands of man. It is for man to use it wisely. Advanced THE TRIUMPH OF SCIENCE Our current era is undoubtedly one characterized by science. In fact, it is difficult to conceive of modern life without the immeasurable contributions of science. Its benefits can be observed in all spheres of contemporary existence, and it is a fundamental cornerstone upon which our present-day civilization is built. To attempt to enumerate the numerous advantages of science would be a futile endeavor, but let us consider a few examples. A modern city or town, which is primarily the recipient of the benefits of science, is meticulously designed in a scientific manner. Communication and sanitation are maintained by the tools of science. Streets and houses are illuminated by scientific means. Cinemas, radios, and electric fans are all manifestations of scientific innovation. Motor vehicles, telephones, televisions, and the like, are all products of scientific creation. Additionally, scientific machinery filters and provides drinking water, and mills and factories operate with the aid of science. Without a doubt, modern industry cannot flourish without the foundation of science. Furthermore, science has reduced human suffering by leaps and bounds. The modern man can combat diseases scientifically, and physicians can examine patients using scientific instruments and drugs. A modern hospital can barely function without the aid of science. Treatments such as X-rays, ultra-violet rays, and penicillin are amongst the manifold benefits of science. Science has also facilitated the spread of education amongst people. The printing press has made books affordable and easily accessible to the masses. Countless books and magazines are published and widely distributed via scientific channels, thereby imparting knowledge amongst the populace. Moreover, science has even influenced the process of our thought, systematizing our ideas, altering our perspective, and ridding us of superstitious beliefs. Even rural populations have benefited from scientific advancements in their daily lives. They once traversed the countryside in bullock carts, wore handloom fabric, and used traditional medicines. But now, their journeys cannot be accomplished without railways and steamers. Buses are utilized when they travel along highways, torch lights are employed during dark nights, and stereo-cassettes and transistors provide entertainment during leisure time. Nevertheless, science is not an unalloyed blessing. It has inflicted misery upon numerous individuals. Capitalism, for instance, is an outgrowth of scientific progress that has impoverished the masses and enriched a privileged few. Mill and factory workers dwell in unhygienic slums, and they are often the victims of science. In times of war, science can become a curse, as lethal scientific weaponry claims the lives of multitudes and lays waste to entire cities. The massive losses incurred during a war can severely impact the lives of people across the board. Consequently, the negative effects of science are also palpable in the everyday lives of ordinary people. However, it would be misguided to hold science itself accountable for these evils. It is human malevolence that uses science in pernicious ways. Science is an immensely powerful tool in the hands of humankind, and it is our responsibility to utilize it judiciously. SCIENCE IN EVERYDAY LIFE Since the dawn of civilizations, science or systematic study is behind the step-by-step progress to the present position. From a pin to a rocket we can see the marvels of science. Today science is the part and parcel of our existence. The more developed a society is, the greater access it has to modern amenities. Modern life cannot be thought of without science. Indeed, modern civilization is based on the achievements of science. The blessings of science are too many to describe at one place. A modern town is planned scientifically. Communication and sanitation are made by science. Streets and houses are lighted by science. Cinema shows, radio, electric fans are all gifts of science. Motor cars, telephones, televisions are all made by science. Again, scientific machines purify and supply drinking water. Mills and factories are run with the help of science. Modern industry cannot go without science. Thus, if we have a closer look on life, we will see that it is full of contributions of science. When we get up from bed and cast our glance at the clock we realise how important time is. Science has measured time with precision. The first thing we take early in the morning is tea, it is science that has given us this exhilarating drink. The daily newspaper that we take up then to satisfy our hunger for information is also a product of science. The items of news are not only gathered daily from all over the world, but also printed on a mass scale through different scientific process. The fast moving vehicles save our time while going to work to distant places. Different people use different vehicles --- buses or cars or times or cycles -- all of which are the blessings of science. From the invention of aeroplane to the present, science has created wonders like supersonic jets faster than sound. Even we can take a journey to the moon and other planets with the help of science. Communication is the nervous system of the modern world. Now the telephones have connected the whole world through man-made satellite. Air-cooler, refrigerator, cassette-recorder, video, fax and so on are striving towards perfection and add to our comfort. There is no construction with calculation. For quick result, calculators, computers, quick print photography, printing machine, photostat all have amazed us. In heavy duty the cranes, the rollers, the tractors, the bulldozers are giants of science. Science has relieved human suffering. Modern man fights diseases scientifically. Science has helped to restore eye-sight by transplanting cornea, heart beat by open heart surgery. And many such things are miracles of science which has mitigated the suffering of the millions. Science has contributed much to facilitate and expedite the spreading of education among the people. Printing press has made books cheap and available to masses. Thousands of books and magazines are printed and widely circulated by scientific means. The paper on which these are printed is produced from pulps by science. The blessings of science are felt even in the process of our thought. It has systematised our ideas, changed our outlook and done away with superstitions. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. They so long moved in bullock carts from place to place and used handloom cloth and indigenous medicines. But today their journey to a distant place cannot be done without railway and steamer. They use buses when they pass along highway. During dark night they use torch lights and during leisure time they listen to stereo-cassettes and transistors. But great has been the achievements of science, it has its dark side too. By making too much of machines we are becoming machines ourselves, and run the risk of losing our souls. To save ourselves from that evil fact, we should not allow science to get mastery over us but should use it only as a servant. Science is a powerful weapon in the hands of man. It is for man to use it wisely. Let us hope that science will be utilised to feed the hungry, rehabilitate the shelterless, mitigate the sufferings of the ailing ones and be the saviours of mankind. Science in Everyday Life / Wonders of Science / Blessings of Science Nowadays scientific inventions are performing miracles. Modern civilization is the blessing of science. Today man has conquered the nature with the help of scienc: That is, wherever we cast our eyes, we see the influence of uncommon achievement of science. Scientific inventions are very startling. They add innovative things to our knowleds and bring comfort to human life. Indeed, we can not think of our life even for a d;, without science. The fruits of science are mostly enjoyed in a city or in a town. It a part and parcel of human civilization. Science has conquered time, distance and space. Indeed science has brought about a radical change in our life. Scientific planning of city and its sewerage a sanitation system, supply of electricity and pure water have made our life comf table. Modern machineries at factories, use of power tiller, power pumps a fertilizers in agriculture all have contributed to the economic development of country. Rural electrification is really significant to the villagers. At home, we ha fan, light, radio, television, tape-recorder, refrigerator, telephone etc. with ha made our life comfortable. Bus, train, alarm-clock, paste, brush, newspaper, boo oven, lift are all products of science. The cinema, computer, telex, fax, e-mail internet and medicine are among the wonderful gifts of science. Scientific inventions and discoveries have enabled men to conquer floods, drought, famine a epidemics. Tractors, power-pumps, fertilizers etc. have developed our agriculture. Cultivate use scientific implements. Irrigation facilities are widened. Unlimited mills, factor and industries have been created with the influence of science. In a word, t agricultural and industrial fields are absolutely revolutionized by modern science. Indeed, science has removed our manifold sufferings. X-ray, Ultra­violet ray, Ultra sonography, E.C.G. and penicillin treatment are the blessings of science. Hospitals, private clinics and doctors can not go even for a day without these. Science has also analysed and classified things of our food according to the vitamins, calorific value and mineral basis. It has explained to us about a balanc diet. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. Science is not only a blessing but also a curse. It is the source of power in t world politics. Scientists make innumerable inventions and the politicians use th for their own advantage. For instance, Nagashaki and Hiroshima in Japan w destroyed by Atom Bomb. But science is not responsible for destruction of people and civilization. Progress of mankind is reflected in the scientific development. Science has ma possible today what was impossible yesterday. In fact, the wonders of science undeniable. If the power of science is used for the welfare and prosperity mankind, the world will turn into a heavenly place. SCIENCE IN EVERY DAY LIFE Since the dawn of civilizations, science or systematic study is behind the step by step progress to the present position. From a pin to a rocket we can see the marvels to science. Today science is the part and parcel of our existence. The more developed a society is, the greater access it has to modern amenities. Modern life cannot be thought of without science. Indeed, modern civilization is based on the achievements of science. The blessings of science are too many to describe at one place. A modern town is planned scientifically. Communication and sanitation are made by science. Streets and houses are lighted by science. Cinema shows, radio, electric fans are all gifts of science. Motor cars, telephones, televisions are all made by science. Again, scientific machines purify and supply drinking water. Mills and factories are run with the help of science. Modern industry cannot go without science. Thus, if we have a closer look on life, we will see that it is full of contributions of science. When we get up from bed and cast our glance at the clock we realise how important time is. Science has measured time with precision. The first thing we take early in the morning is tea, it is science that has given us this exhilarating drink. The daily newspaper that we take up then to satisfy our hunger for information is also a product of science. The items of news are not only gathered daily from all over the world, but also printed on a mass scale through different scientific process. The fast moving vehicles save our time while going to work to distant places. Different people use different vehicles --- buses or cars or times or cycles -- all of which are the blessings of science. From the invention of aeroplane to the present, science has created wonders like supersonic jets faster than sound. Even we can take a journey to the moon and other planets with the help of science. Communication is the nervous system of the modern world. Now the telephones have connected the whole world through man-made satellite. Air-cooler, refrigerator, cassette-recorder, video, fax and so on are striving towards perfection and add to our comfort. There is no construction with calculation. For quick result, calculators, computers, quick print photography, printing machine, photostat all have amazed us. In heavy duty the cranes, the rollers, the tractors, the bulldozers are giants of science. Science has relieved human suffering. Modern man fights diseases scientifically. Science has helped to restore eye-sight by transplanting cornea, heart beat by open heart surgery. And many such things are miracles of science which has mitigated the suffering of the millions. Science has contributed much to facilitate and expedite the spreading of education among the people. Printing press has made books cheap and available to masses. Thousands of books and magazines are printed and widely circulated by scientific means. The paper on which these are printed is produced from pulps by science. The blessings of science are felt even in the process of our thought. It has systematised our ideas, changed our outlook and done away with superstitions. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. They so long moved in bullock carts from place to place and used handloom cloth and indigenous medicines. But today their journey to a distant place cannot be done without railway and steamer. They use buses when they pass along highway. During dark night they use torch lights and during leisure time they listen to stereo-cassettes and transistors. But great has been the achievements of science, it has its dark side too. By making too much of machines we are becoming machines ourselves, and run the risk of losing our souls. To save ourselves from that evil fact, we should not allow science to get mastery over us but should use it only as a servant. Science is a powerful weapon in the hands of man. It is for man to use it wisely. Let us hope that science will be utilised to feed the hungry, rehabilitate the shelterless, mitigate the sufferings of the ailing ones and be the saviours of mankind. Science in Everyday Life Or, Blessing of Scieuj:e An. Our Daily Life Or, The Value of ,Science in Our Everyday Life Introduction : Now we live in the age of science. Wherever we cast our eves, we can see 'the blessings of science. It has made our life very easy, comfortable and enjoyable. We cannot think of our life without the blessings of science. From dawn ! o mid-night we feel the importance and the value of science in our everyday life. Science in house : Science plays an important role in our house-hold activities. Everything used in the house is the blessing of science. Tooth brushes, toothpastes, mirrors.- combs. pens, clothes, papers. shoes, utensils etc. of daily use are the blessings of science. Electric fans and air-conditioners have made us happy and comfortable at home. In recreation : Science has invented many wonderful things for our enjoyment. We lase the radio, television, tape recorder, V.C.R, gramophone. etc. for recreation /enjoyment at home. They help us to forget our sorrows and pains of life And remove monotony of day's hard labour.. In communication : Science also plays an important :role in communication-Telephone, telegram, telex, fax, wireless, mobile, etc. are the most useful blessings of science. We can send or receive news and. messages from any, .part of the worldwithin A second by using the useful inventions /wonders of modern science. Science leas conquered distance and time wonderfully. In medical science : Science has lessened human sufferings and save human fife. Penicillin, X-ray, Ultrasonography, E.C.G, radio-therapy etc. are the blessings of science in the field of medical science. Science has given eyes to the, blind and" hearing to the deaf, voice to the dumb and legs to the lame. It has also lessened the death rate of population. In transport: Science is also a great blessing in transport. We call travel hundreds of miles within a short time by cars, buses, trains, steamers, aeroplanes and rocket. Man has already landed on the moon by rocket. So science has made our journey. very easy, coniforfable and quick. It has ­ wonderfully conquered distance and time. In agriculture: Science has brought about a radical change in our agriculture. Tractors, power-pump, power tillers, deep tube wells, chemical fertilizers and insect powders are the great blessings of science. By using them, our farmers can grow better and bumper crops. In education : Science is another great blessing in education. Paper mills and printing presses have made civilization richer. Thousands of books, newspapers, magazines etc. are being printed everyday which help education reading rapidly. By reading them, we can enrich our kingdom of knowledge. Now computer, an electric brain works in spreading education too. In sports and games : Many important devices like camera, electric bulbs. computer etc. are widely used in sports and games. Cricket, an international game is quite impossible without computer. So science is a great blessing in the field of games and sports too. In rural area/life : The rural life is also impossible without the blessings of science. Bicycle, rickshaws, motor­cycles etc. carry village people to their working places. Torches give them light at night. Electricity and motor vehicles have made rural life very easy, comfortable, happy, cheerful, playful. decent and enjoyable. Bad effect/ curse/ demerits/havocs/ evil effects : Sometimes the inventions of science bring us great curse instead of blessing. The smoke from cars, buses, mills and factories pollutes air seriously which is very harmful to health. In war time, deadly weapons kill thousands of valuable lives and destroy cities and villages. Conclusion : Though the inventions of science have some demerits, it has a lot of merits and importance in our life. The value of science is very great in our everyday life. In order to make 'our life more enjoyable, the gifts of science should be, utilized properly and carefully. THE VALUE OF SCIENCE IN EVERYDAY LIFE Ours is art age of modern science. And life in this age cannot be thought of without science. In the present century, science seems to reach its maturity. Every invention of modern science is a wonderful phenomenon. The television is a wonderful modern invention. It brings the whole world closer. In the television we do not hear news only but we see about it. It is the most popular instrument for recreation to the modern people. On a television we enjoy, music, dances, theatres, sports and games. Of all the wonders of modern science the computer is the most striking to me. It works just like Aladin's magic lamp. The computer is a phenomenal invention of modern science. It can solve a great problem in the twinkling of an eye. After the invention of the computer, unprecedented progress is found in every sphere of human needs, such as industry, research, trade and commerce, medicine etc. The usage of the computer in millitary science helps the superpowers to dominate the whole world. It has been proved very fruitful in space research. The artificial satellite is another wonder of modern science. It is used for a variety of purposes. The first artificial satellite named Sputnik-I was sent by USSR on 4th October, 1957. Satellites are of different types such as weather satellites, earth satellites, communication satellites and navigation satellites. Whatever modern science has invented, are all wonderful. One is not less wonderful than the other. In the field of diagnoses and the treatment of diseases the contribution of science is astronomical. THE TRIUMPH OF SCIENCE We live in an age of science. Modern life cannot be thought of without science. The blessings of science are felt in every sphere of modern life. Indeed, modern civilization is based on the achievements of science. The blessings of science are too many to describe at one place. Take the case of a modern city or a town which enjoys mostly the gifts of science. A modern town is planned scientifically. Communication and sanitation are maintained by science. Streets and houses are lighted by science. Cinema shows, radio, electric fans are all gifts of science. Motor cars, telephones, televisions are all made by science. Again, scientific machines purify and supply drinking water. Mills and factories are run with the help of science. Modern industry cannot grow without science. Science has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights diseases scientifically. Doctors examine patients scientifically. He uses scientific instruments and drugs to cure diseases. A modern hospital cannot be run without the help of science. X-ray, ultra-violet ray and penicillin treatment are the blessings of science. Science has spread education among the people. Printing press has made books cheap and available to masses. Thousands of books and magazines are printed and widely circulated by scientific means. All these spread knowledge among people. The blessings of science are felt even in the process of our thought. It has systematized our ideas, changed our outlook and done away with superstitions. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. They so long moved in bullock carts from place to place and used handloom cloth and indigenous medicines. But today their journey to a distant place cannot be done without railway and steamer. They use buses when they pass along highways. During dark nights they use torch lights and during leisure time they listen to stereo-cassettes and transistors. Science is not, however, an unmixed blessing. It has brought misery to many. It has given rise to capitalism making the massage poor and enriching only a few. The workers of mills and factories live in unhealthy slums. They are the victims of science. During war science becomes a curse. Deadly scientific weapons kill thousands of people and ruin cities. The large scale loss suffered during a war affects widely the lives of people. Thus the bed effects of science are also felt by the common man in his daily life. But science itself is not responsible for these evils. It is the devil in man which puts it to wrong use. Science is a powerful weapon in the hands of man. It is for man to use it wisely. THE TRIUMPH OF SCIENCE We live in an age of science. Modern life cannot be thought of without science. The blessings of science are felt in every sphere of modern life. Indeed, modern civilization is based on the achievements of science. The blessings of science are too many to describe at one place. Take the case of a modern city or a town which enjoys mostly the gifts of science. A modern town is planned scientifically. Communication and sanitation are maintained by science. Streets and houses are lighted by science. Cinema shows, radio, electric fans are all gifts of science. Motor cars, telephones, televisions are all made by science. Again, scientific machines purify and supply drinking water. Mills and factories are run with the help of science. Modern industry cannot grow without science. Science has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights diseases scientifically. Doctors examine patients scientifically. He uses scientific instruments and drugs to cure diseases. A modern hospital cannot be run without the help of science. X-ray, ultra-violet ray and penicillin treatment are the blessings of science. Science has spread education among the people. Printing press has made books cheap and available to masses. Thousands of books and magazines are printed and widely circulated by scientific means. All these spread knowledge among people. The blessings of science are felt even in the process of our thought. It has systematized our ideas, changed our outlook and done away with superstitions. Rural people are also influenced by scientific inventions in their daily life. They so long moved in bullock carts from place to place and used handloom cloth and indigenous medicines. But today their journey to a distant place cannot be done without railway and steamer. They use buses when they pass along highways. During dark nights they use torch lights and during leisure time they listen to stereo-cassettes and transistors. Science is not, however, an unmixed blessing. It has brought misery to many. It has given rise to capitalism making the massage poor and enriching only a few. The workers of mills and factories live in unhealthy slums. They are the victims of science. During war science becomes a curse. Deadly scientific weapons kill thousands of people and ruin cities. The large scale loss suffered during a war affects widely the lives of people. Thus the bed effects of science are also felt by the common man in his daily life. But science itself is not responsible for these evils. It is the devil in man which puts it to wrong use. Science is a powerful weapon in the hands of man. It is for man to use it wisely. WONDERS OF MODERN SCIENCE or TRIUMPH OF MODERN SCIENCE Science is the driving force of modern civilisation. The domain of science is vast, so it has many fields. Each of these fields is again quite large and in each of these momentous discoveries and inventions has been made in modern times. Therefore, the wonders of modern science are too many to be enumerated. Some of the wonders which science has provided to the human being are decidedly remarkable. Science, in its rapid progress, goes on creating inventions after inventions. These are clearly seen everywhere around us. It has made human life easy and comfortable. In olden times man had to depend chiefly on the mercy of Nature. The forces of Nature were often cruel and unfavourable. They stood on the way of human happiness. Man has conquered Nature with the help of science. He is no longer subordinate to Nature. Rather he is now her master. He is now employing her force for his own good. Important and remarkable wonders: The discovery of the power called electricity may be mentioned as the first gift of modern science. It has brought about a massive change in human society. It works like magic. Modern civilization itself is indeed the creation of electricity. Science has linked up the distant parts of the world. Telephone, wireless or radio is great wonders. Perhaps the greatest stride forward has been made in media technology. Fax, ISD, Internet etc have been organs of supplying information. Telephone is another wonderful invention of modern science. It is such an amazing device that it sends out or rather carries first hand messages from one place to another and makes quick communication possible. Another wonderful creation of modern science is wireless of radio. It is an instrument through which we can transmit information within very short time from one corner of the world to another. Fax is a machine by which we can send the copy of a document, an illustration etc by an electronic system using telephone lines. It is really a very wonderful machine, which can transmit any document to another fax machine, located within home or abroad in less than a minute’s time. It is practically a time saving device. It is playing a vital part in International Communication System. Internet is a new device for speedy transmission of nation, news, feelings etc. In the process of computer network, Internet is now regarded as a milestone in the modern world of computers. A student sitting in his reading room can use the London library and can collect his necessary information. A businessman can see the condition of the world market just by sitting on his bed. Internet communication is now the fastest communication in the world. C.D Rom is another device by which films and songs and be played on the computer. ISD telephone, cellular telephone (mobile) are other kinds of quick communication. The E-mail system makes mailing very quick and cheap. Modern transportation system is the gift of science. By ships, steamers, launches on the water, we can travel from one place to the other with our cargos to any part of the world in the shortest possible time. Again, train, bus, truck, car carry us on land from place to place. In a word, science has shortened our long distance. Another wonder creation of modern science is television. It serves the function of both hearing and watching and thus entertains us doubly. It combines both the functions of hearing and seeing. It is really a great wonder how the image of a person or an object turns into electricity and is received by the television set. It is one of the most exquisite and modern media of communicating messages, thoughts and ideas. Computer can be termed as the greatest invention of modern science. It has brought a revolutionary change in the global civilization. It is expected to render the greatest service to humanity by substituting human brain and by scientific secrets and message. It has become a part of every walk of life. Science has done miracles in the field of medicine. In the fields of medicine, therapy and treatment of diseases, life-saving drugs, X-ray, Ultra-violet ray are also a few wonderful discoveries of modern science. E.C.G, CT scan and others are invented for medical procedure. They help us to come round easily. Apart from this, medicines for different diseases are greatly helpful for us. Science has developed our agriculture. It has turned a desert into fertile lands. The use of scientific elements like tractors and power-pumps and application of fertilizer has increased production of crops tremendously. We are no longer dependent on Nature for our agriculture. The discovery and release of nuclear power is also one of the most wonderful gifts of modern science. It has made possible the manufacture of the Atom Bomb, the Hydrogen Bomb and the missiles. This energy has unlimited potentialities for being utilized for peaceful and constructive purposes which will be great benefits to the humanity. In very recent times, space is another fascinating and great advancement of modern science. It is already know that man has successfully landed on the moon and has safely returned. After the conquest of the moon, the scientists have turned their eyes to the Mars, which is our next-door neighbor in the kingdom of the plants. The scientists have launched the most massive research programmes in the history of space exploration with their mission to Mars. Recently, the Path Finder of this mission, very successfully landed on the Mars. Mankind is hoping to land on the Mars within the next 15 years. These all are possible by the blessing of science. The value of Science: The value of science is very great. Modern civilization entirely depends on it. Time and distance has been curtailed by science. Science has given food to the hungers, clothes to the naked, eyes to the blind, hearing to the dead. In advanced countries like America, China, Japan, Russia and England all sorts of words are done by scientific method Demerits / Drawbacks / Abuses: Science is not free from defects. It is the root of modern war. It has invented weapons of death and destruction. Men use them to kill people in the battlefield. In has thus increased the horrors of war and sufferings of mankind. Conclusion: There are so many other invention, which have made our life easy and comfortable. Science has made the impossible of yesterday possible today. For the betterment, advancement and welfare of mankind, we hope that modern science will go on adding more marvels and achievements. Wonder of Modern Science Man always wants to live a better life. He wants better food, clothing and dwelling. He also likes comfort and entertainment. Science helps man to attain these. As a result, science has developed greatly. Today we are living is an age of science. Day and night, we make use of innumerable discoveries and inventions of science. Electricity is the great power behind many scientific inventions. The electric lamp lights up our houses. Radio, television, telegraph, telephone, cinema, tape-recorder, photocopier, VCR, computers and most of the mills and factories are run by electricity. There are also electric trains, printing presses, cookers, irons, fans, sewing machines etc. run by electricity. Science has conquered space and time. We can go from one place to another in a very short time by train, steamer, plane or rocket. Previously people took years to go from one continent to another. But nowadays we take only hours. We have reached the moon. We can now send messages at a great distance in the fraction of a second. We can talk to anybody in any part of the world by telephone, Radio broadcasts songs music, news, discussion etc. Television telecasts a wide range of programmes of varies subjects. By FAX, any writing of picture can be sent over great distances very easily. We can do today in hours what was done in days or months before. E-mail has made the world communication quickest, easiest and cheapest. Science has found out the causes of most of the diseases and has discovered many remedies. A deadly disease like TB has been conquered. Cholera has also been brought under control. Small pox has been eradicated. The X-Ray and the antibiotic have been very helpful to man. Cornea transplant, by-pass surgery etc. are marvels of medical science. Science has increased food production greatly. If we can apply the scientific methods properly there will be no hunger in the world. Tractors, power-pumps, fertilizers, high yielding varieties of corps and irrigation techniques have revolutionized agriculture. But science is not an unmixed blessing. Science has also invented guns, bombs, and missiles, battleships and war planes, chemical weapons and nuclear war heads. It has brought in environmental pollution. We should stop the misuse of science to get its real benefits. THE BLESSINGS OF SCIENCE Introduction: Life to-day is governed by science. No aspect of our life is now free from the influence of science. The greater is the control of a people over nature, the more civilized it is. Hence the progress of civilization is dependent on the progress of science. Modern civilization with its amenities of life may be called the product of modern science. So, we cannot think of new life without it. Blessings of science: The blessings of science are clearly seen everywhere around us. It has brought a thorough change over the surface of this world. Electricity, Telephone, Television, Radio, Cinema, Computer, Aeroplane, Rocket, Telegraph, X-ray, Nuclear energy etc. are the highest blessings and wonders of modern science. How ever the blessings of modern science are described below. Electricity: This wonderful invention has radically changed human life, society and culture. It turns the night into the day. Man can now remove the darkness of his room by turning a small switch. With the help of electricity he can now control the hot weather by moving fans and he can also run the transport service, radio and many after things. Computer: Computer is the miracle invention of science. It serves man in ways that cannot be counted. All sorts of typing, calculation, cheap communications, data processing and various office works can be executed by a computer easily and efficiently. Medical Science: Science has done great wonders in the field of medicine and treatment of patients. It has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights with diseases by the power of drugs which are invented for the benefit of mankind. The X-ray, the pathological diagnostic devices, the penicillin have come as real blessings to humanity. The wireless: One can read a message from any part of the world to another part in the twinkling of an eye by means of wireless. The radio operates through wireless and the television is an improvement upon the radio. It pleases our senses of sight and hearing at the same time. Communication: It is the excitable system of the modern world. It contains Transportation, Radio, T.V., Cinema, Telephone, Telegraph, Fax, and Wireless etc. Aeroplanes, Buses, Trucks, Trains, Launches and steamers carry passengers and goods. Wireless, Telephone, Fax have brought the world nearer. In fact, science has won distance successfully. Agriculture: Science has worked wonders in the field of agriculture. The invention of tractor, Power-Pump, fertilizer, insecticide-all make agriculture to have maximum out put. Conclusion: So, the blessings of science are innumerable. From morning till late night science fills our life with all sorts of comforts. Its blessings is really unimaginable and its uses cannot be expressed in words. THE WONDERS OF MODERN SCIENCE Modern civilization is the gift of modern science. Today we are living in an age of science. Day and night, we make use of innumerable discoveries and inventions of science. Electricity is the great power behind many scientific inventions. The electric lamp lights up our houses. Radio, television, telegraph, telephone, cinema, tape-recorder, photo-copier, VCR, computers and most of the mills and factories are run by electricity. There are also electric trains, printing presses, cookers, irons, fans, sewing machines etc. run by electricity. Science has conquered space and time. We can go from one place to another in a very short time by train, steamer, plane or rocket. We have reached the moon. We can now send messages to a great distance in a second. We can talk to anybody in any part of the world by mobile phone. Radio brings songs, music, news, discussions etc. Television brings pictures also even in colour. By FAX, any writing or picture can be sent over great distances very easily. Internet is yet another wonder of modern science. Spinning of yarn, weaving of cloth and sewing of clothes can be done at a great speed. Food processing, house-building, constructing roads and bridges can be done very quickly. Millions of pages can be printed or reproduced in a short time. A calculator can solve a complicated sum in no time. Science has discoved the causes of most of the diseases and their remedies. A deadly disease like TB has been conquered. Cholera has also been brought under control. Small pox has been eliminated. The X-Ray and the anti-biotic have been very helpful to man. Cornea transplant, by-pass surgery etc. are marvels of' medical science. Science has increased food production greatly. If we can apply the scientific methods properly, there will be no hunger in the world. Tractors. power-pumps, fertilizers, high-yielding varieties of crops and irrigation techniques have revolutionized agriculture. But science is not an unmixed blessing. Science has also invented guns, bombs, and missiles, battleships and war planes, chemical weapons and nuclear war heads. To speak the truth science has both blessing and curse. The Wonders of Science Or, The Inventions of Science Introduction : Today is the age of science. Modern science has invented a lot of wonderful and useful things. It has made impossible possible Wherever we turn our eyes, we can see the blessings of science. The inventions of science have conquered diseases, natural disasters, space distance and time. The wonders of modern science are too many to describe in a short composition. The most common wonders are stated below in a few words :- (a) Electricity : Electricity is the first wonder of modern science. It is a great source of power and energy. It is the driving force of modern civilization . The advancement of modern science is impossible without electricity. Almost all machines and tools run through this driving force. It has made our life comfortable, happy. easy and enjoyable. (b) Communication : Telephone, telegram, telex, fax and wireless are the other great blessings of modern science. They have brought the whole world to our door. They have conquered distance and saved time. We can exchange thoughts, views and ideas through the wonderful inventions within a very short time. We can talk to any person at any comer of the world by sitting at -home through these wonderful inventions. (c) Radio : Radio is also another great wonder of modern science. It helps to hear human voice from any remote part of the world. It is a great source of recreation and amusement It also plays vital role in spreading education. we enjoy song, music and many valuable discussions by sitting before a radio set, (d) Television : Television is one of the, greatest wonders of modern science. It is 1 the most popular source of recreation and amusement. It is also the most popular source of spreading education and knowledge. It is one of the greatest mass media of communication. At the same time, it gives both the picture and the voice of the speaker. It helps to remove the monotony of hard works. By sitting at home, we can watch the current incidents and any international sports and games on the TV screen. It can be said that television is the mirror of the whole world. (e) In transportation : The rail-engines, steamers, motor cars and aeroplane are the wonder of modern science. These blessings have brought in our life. They have brought the about a radical change world to our grip. We can travel one place to another within a very short time by these inventions. We can fly from one part to another faster than a bird by aeroplane. These inventions conquered time and distance wonderfully. (f) In medical Science .: The inventions of penicillin, X-ray, ECG and Biopsy are also great wonders of modern science 'in the field of medical science. They help to fight against any fatal disease. They have wonderfully lessened death rate of population. (g) Computer : The computer is also one of the most wonderful and useful blessings/inventions of modern science. It works like human brain. So it is called an electric brain. It can solve hundreds of problems within a second. This wonderful device has changed our life wonderfully. It is expected that man" will become a doll and computer will do almost every human brain works in future. (h) Mobile phone : The mobile phone is the recent wonder of modern science. It is the latest invention in the field of communication. It is superior to telephone, telex, telegraph. fax, E­mail and wireless. It is very cheap and common. By sitting at home, we can talk to any person at any remote corner of the globe within a second by using a mobile phone. It has saved time and lessened distance wonderfully. So the mobile phone works like a magic box. Conclusion: In order to make human life more comfortable, joyful and enjoyable modern science continues its inventions. It works like Aladin's magic lamp. But the blessings of science should be utilized carefully only for the benefit and interest of mankind. The Advancement of Science in Modern Age Modern age is the contribution of science, needless to say. We cannot imagine our modern age without science. Information technology has added a new speed in our communication. Internet, e-mail, telex, fax etc. have made our communication easier. Computer is the latest invention of science. All kinds of official activities cannot be imagined without it. Mobile phone is another very important invention of modern science. Besides communicating with others, it can be used in watching movies, enjoying audio songs, making calculation, knowing time and date, seeing ways in the dark etc. By fax one can send any writing, picture, or document over great distance very easily. Satellite channel has added a new dimension to our entertainment. It has introduced us with different countries, the culture of different nations, international affairs and sports. The advancement of science in medical sector is really admirable. Due to the blessing of science the rate of death has decreased and man can lead a sound life. The invention of bus, truck and all other vehicles has developed communication sectors and also spread our trade and commerce. We can notice the advancement of science in food processing, house-building, constructing roads, bridges etc. We can solve a complicated sum with the help of a calculator. Sewing clothes, printing of million of pages is now a matter of short time. Like everything it has also some demerits. The invention of deadly weapons and their use in battle and war causes innumerable destruction of life and property. The misuse of internet and mobile/phone causes many unlawful and immoral activities. In spite of having some demerits, we cannot contradict the helpful contribution of science in this modern age. Its immoral and evil side should be restricted and it should be used only for the moral and useful purpose of human being. (Words : 304) The Advancement of Science in Modern Age Science has significantly shaped the modern age, revolutionizing various aspects of our lives in profound ways. Information technology has dramatically enhanced communication. Technologies like the internet, email, telex, and fax have made communication faster and more accessible globally. The computer, a recent scientific innovation, has become indispensable for all official activities. Mobile phones are another critical invention, enabling not only communication but also entertainment, multimedia enjoyment, calculations, timekeeping, navigation, and more. Fax machines facilitate easy transmission of written documents and images over long distances. Satellite channels have transformed entertainment by exposing us to diverse cultures, international events, and sports from around the world. In the medical field, scientific advancements have significantly reduced mortality rates and improved overall quality of life. The invention of vehicles such as buses and trucks has revolutionized transportation and expanded trade and commerce. Science has also advanced food processing, construction, road and bridge building, and manufacturing processes, making tasks like complex calculations, clothing production, and large-scale printing much quicker and efficient. However, alongside these benefits, science has also introduced challenges. The development of weapons of mass destruction has led to widespread destruction in wars and conflicts. Furthermore, the misuse of the internet and mobile phones has facilitated unlawful and immoral activities. Despite these drawbacks, the positive contributions of science cannot be denied in the modern age. It is crucial to regulate its negative impacts and ensure that scientific advancements are used ethically and for the betterment of humanity. In conclusion, while science has both merits and demerits, its overall impact on the modern world is undeniable. It is essential to harness its potential responsibly, promoting its beneficial applications while mitigating its negative consequences for a more prosperous and ethical society. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing MY FAVOURITE TELEVISION PROGRAMME ​ Television is the best means of entertainment in today’s world. It telecasts many kinds of enjoyable programmes to delight the audience. As the best media of recreation, television appeals to us very much. There are many interesting TV serials in BTV. When I am asked what my favourite TV programme is, I consider the programme that relays splendid dances, lectures, songs etc. An airy-voice and fairy-like picture come to me like far-off dreams. Of many programmes, my favourite programme is the ‘Adventure of Sindbad’. It is a very interesting TV serial. Throughout the week I wait for the day when the serial will telecast. Leaving all works, I sit in front of TV when the serial starts. I like the serial very much. Because there is a mingling of adventure, fairy tale, science, wit, humour etc. When I watch this serial, I forget everything of the world. It gives me entertainment as well as instruction. It also refreshes my mind. I hope that the BTV will telecast more programmes like ‘Sindbad’ Model Answer-2 MY FAVOURITE TELEVISION PROGRAMME My favorite television program is Ittadi, a popular and long-running show in Bangladesh that combines entertainment, education, and social awareness. Hosted by Hanif Sanket, it is well-known for its unique format, which includes comedy sketches, songs, short dramas, and interviews with inspirational figures. The program skillfully addresses important social issues such as poverty, education, corruption, and environmental awareness while keeping the audience entertained. What I like most about Ittadi is how it uses humor and creativity to convey meaningful messages, making learning enjoyable for people of all ages. The show often highlights stories of unsung heroes, ordinary people who have achieved extraordinary things through dedication and hard work. These segments inspire viewers to believe in themselves and contribute to society positively. Additionally, Ittadi promotes Bangladeshi culture by showcasing traditional music, dance, and art forms, helping to preserve and celebrate the country’s heritage. The show’s outdoor filming in different locations across Bangladesh also provides a glimpse into the country’s beauty and diversity. Another feature I enjoy is the interaction with the live audience, which adds energy and authenticity to the program. Despite being on air for decades, Ittadi remains fresh and relevant, adapting to changing times while staying true to its core values. It is not just a source of entertainment for me but also a valuable program that teaches life lessons, inspires patriotism, and encourages positive change in society. Ittadi will always hold a special place in my heart. Model Answer-3 My Favourite Television Programme My favourite television programme is National Geographic. It is a show that provides a mix of education and entertainment. I love watching it because it teaches me about nature, wildlife, and the world around us. The visuals are stunning, and the stories are always fascinating. One of the things I enjoy most about National Geographic is its focus on wildlife. It shows animals in their natural habitats and explains their behaviors in a way that is easy to understand. For example, I once learned how penguins survive in freezing temperatures, and it amazed me. Another reason I like this show is that it talks about different cultures and places. It takes me on a virtual journey around the globe, helping me learn about countries I may never visit. The documentaries on science and history are also very interesting, as they teach me new things about our world. The programme is not just entertaining but also educational. It inspires me to care for the environment and respect animals. I believe National Geographic is a great show for people of all ages, as it combines fun with knowledge. In short, National Geographic is my favourite television programme because it opens my eyes to the beauty of the natural world and helps me learn something new every time I watch it. Composition / Essay Writing TELEVISION     Television  is  one  of  the  wonders  of  modern  science .  It  is  the  most  up – to – date  means  of  communication .  As  a  medium  of  mass  communication  it  has  proved  its  superiority  over  newspapers ,  radio  sets  and  other  means .  In  a  television  the  voice  is  transmitted  along  with  the  image  of  the  speaker  and  thus  it  entertains  both  ears  and  eyes  simultaneously .   Now – a – days  various  scientific  inventions  have  annihilated  the  distance  between  countries  and  the  world  has  been  brought  into  the  compass  of  our  small  room .  Through  wireless  telegraphy  and  radio  we  can  have  massages  from  every  nook  and  corner  of  the  world .  And  television  is  the  most  recent  and  latest  development  of  these  means  of  communications . The  German  scientist ,  Paul  Nipkow ,  first  thought  of  sending  image  to  a  distant  place .  Later  experiments  by  the  scientists  gave  shape  to  his  idea  and  the  television  was  invented . Two  principles  work  behind  the  television – transmission  of  sound  and  transmission  of  picture  or  image .  The  problem  of  sending  and  receiving  sound  had  been  solved  earlier  as  in  the  case  of  radio .  For  sending  pictures  the  science  of  photography  has  helped  much .  It  was  found  that ,  like  sound ,  light  also  could  be  transformed  into  electric  current .  A  picture  is  scanned  to  break  it  up  into  small  elements  of  light  and  shade  which  are  transformed  into  electric  current  by  the  Cathode  Ray  Tube .  These  ‘light  weaves’  thus  formed  are  received  by  the  receiving  sets  of  television  where  through  mechanical  processes  they  are  recharged  and  transformed  into  the  image  of  the  original  picture . Now – a – days  television  has  become  very  much  popular .  We  find  television  antenna  atop  every  house  in  a  town  or  city .  It  has  become  almost  the  symbol  of  wealth  and  culture .  In  the  rural  areas ,  where  there  is  electricity ,  one  will  find  a  television  set  in  the  house  of  some  rich  men .  People  of  the  area  gather  there  and  enjoy  cinema ,  drama  and  such  other  popular  programmers . Television  is  a  powerful  mass – media .  It  can  educate  the  people  on  the  current  topics  of  the  world .  Model  teaching  is  also  dune  through  television .  Bangladesh  Institute  of  Distance  education  (BIDE)  for  example ,  is  doing  wonderful  work  through  television .  Through  television  political  leaders  can  make  the  people  aware  of  their  programmers  and  thus  can  form  popular  opining .  In  Western  countries  television  is  being  used  for  the  well – being  of  the  people  with  greater  and  greater  success .    Television  produces  the  effect  of  audio – visual  method  of  instruction .  In  entertains  as  well  as  instructs .  We  hear  news ,  songs  and  lectures  and  the  images  of  the  persons  leave  great  impressions  on  our  mind .  Hence  the  supremacy  of  television  cannot  be  ignored .  It  is  a  boon  of  science  for  mankind .   Advanced TELEVISION Television, one of the marvels of modern science, is the most advanced form of communication. Its superiority over newspapers, radio sets, and other means of mass communication has been well established. Television transmits both the voice and image of the speaker, captivating both the ears and eyes simultaneously.   In this day and age, various scientific inventions have made the world a smaller place, bringing countries closer together. Through wireless telegraphy and radio, we can receive messages from every corner of the globe. Television is the latest development in this array of means of communication.   The idea of sending images to a distant place was first conceptualized by the German scientist, Paul Nipkow. Subsequent experiments by scientists gave shape to his idea, resulting in the invention of television.   Two principles work behind the transmission of sound and picture in television. While the problem of sending and receiving sound had been resolved earlier, as seen in the case of radio, the science of photography aided in the transmission of images. It was discovered that light, like sound, could also be transformed into electric current. A picture is scanned, broken up into small elements of light and shade, which are then transformed into electric current by the Cathode Ray Tube. The light weaves thus formed are received by the television's receiving sets, where they are recharged and transformed into the original picture's image through mechanical processes.   Television has become increasingly popular these days, with television antennas found atop nearly every house in towns and cities. It has become a symbol of wealth and culture. Even in rural areas, where there is electricity, a television set can be found in the house of wealthy individuals. People gather there and enjoy cinema, drama, and other popular programs.   Television is a powerful mass medium. It can educate people on current topics around the world. Model teaching is done through television, as seen in the excellent work being carried out by Bangladesh Institute of Distance Education (BIDE). Through television, political leaders can make the people aware of their programs and form popular opinions. In Western countries, television is being used for the well-being of people with increasing success.   Television has the effect of the audio-visual method of instruction. It entertains as well as instructs, and the images of the persons leave a lasting impression on our minds. Thus, the supremacy of television cannot be ignored. It is a boon of science for mankind. TELEVISION Television is one of the wonders of the modern age. It is an invention of modern science. It is a great achievement in our civilization. It is a modern means of communication. It is an instrument through which we can see sight from distant places. It is used as an instructor. Many sights are being telecast along with voice and we can see many things of the world sitting at home.   Paul Nepkow, a German scientist, thought over this theory. Many scientists worked hard and thought deeply over this theory. They experimented the theory for many years. At last, Bayard an English scientist invented this in the year 1926. Gradually, it has been improved and now-a-days we get coloured television.   Television is a modern invention. It communicates thoughts and ideas to the public. It is being used as an important means of sending news and views of country. Through it we may enjoy the usefulness of radio and cinema at the same time. It is improved modern media of recreation. When we are tired, we may watch television. It refreshes our mind. It gives us pleasure and amusement. It is an improved medium of entertainment. It is a powerful means of knowing important events of the world at the earliest time. It teaches us many things as a media of valuable instruction. We can listen to the speeches of the statesmen and can see them at the same time. Now-a-days, it is widely used for the various purposes of the country, nation and civilization. We can see the great men of the world and listen to their historic speeches without going to the place of occurrence. Students and illiterate people are sometimes instructed through television. It serves as a means of education.   But, in spite of all these facilities, it has some drawbacks too. It sometimes disturbs the students. When television is on at a place, attention of the students is diverted there and it hampers their normal education. Besides, obscene pictures are also shown now and then. Sometimes parents cannot enjoy some programmes along with their sons and daughters. These mislead our young generation, moral values are gradually degrading. Extreme fashions and styles sometimes prevail. Our young boys and girls seem to imitate these. As a result they are misguided. It influences many trends of our society, its cultures; its manners, its customs, etc. Exciting news and views sometimes create disturbance in the country. So it is both interesting and effective.   It may be concluded that it is a mixed blessing for us. We may use and abuse this. We should be aware of its utility first and then we should keep a TV set at home. We should try to make the best use of it. We must realise the merits and demerits of its programmes. We should enjoy according to our taste and aptitude. Thus we may get the maximum benefit of this. Television as a medium of Education Television is one of the miracles of modern science. It is the most up- to-date means of communication. As a medium of mass communication it has proved its superiority over newspapers, radio sets and other means. It is simultaneous transmission and reproduction of sound and visual images by wireless. The word ‘tele’ means ‘distance’ and ‘vision’ means ‘sight’. So, television is a process by which our small voice along with our photographic pictures can be seen to the farthest corners of the world. Television is a wonderful invention. It is the most up-to-date means of communicating thoughts and ideas. It reproduces both sound and picture. It enables us to see a speaker and his movements and hear his voice at a great distance. It is a means to keep people informed of the whole proceedings of a conference. Through television we can see the world figures and listen to their lectures from our armchair. An airy voice and fairy like pictures greet us like far-off dreams. It is, therefore, a device that occupies and entertains both our eyes and our ears. Television is the lecture ground and the theatrical stage of the world. The actors and the actresses show their feats to the world at a time. The leaders may easily address the nation from a small room. It plays an important role at the time of our national calamity. Television is not only of the mass media but the most powerful of them all. It can educate us and influence our thoughts and ideas more effectively than any other medium because what it reproduces appeals to both our eyes and our ears. In modern times it is the best medium of advertising goods. Television has some educative values. It has broken the wall between the literate and illiterate. Even the unlettered million get knowledge of the latest developments in the world. They are being educated by television. It has also made the fruits of culture available to all classes of people.   Up to this point, we must say that the TV is doing good to our youngsters by educating them and by giving them recreational facilities. But as far as the satellite TV is concerned, we cannot say this for time. The commercial package programmes broadcasted by satellite TVs are detrimental to our youngsters, pernicious to our societies, threatening to our values, traditions and religious beliefs.   No invention of science has so deeply touched our eyes like television. It is one of most recent gifts of science to society. Its possiblilities are still immense. Its uses, too, are unending. Its magic is not yet exhausted. If it is properly used, it will contribute greatly to scientific and cultural development. Television Television is one of the latest inventions of science. It is an improvement over the radio. It presents both sight and sound. Thus the effect of its presentation is many times enhanced as compared to the radio. The invention of colour T.V is a great achievement of science. The emergence of cable T.V with dish antennae etc. is the latest addition to this achievement. T.V. is no longer a luxury. It has become one of the necessities of life. It is a great source of entertainment. It blends education with entertainment. it is an audio- visual device, no less important in providing information on varied topics than a newspaper. The television gives news, views, reviews and interviews. It is a mini celluloid screen and much more. Television is jeeringly termed as “the idiot box”. It is so because the typical T.V. fans remain glued to it like an idiot. The term also endeavors to scoff at the boring programmes which are sometimes presented. The usefulness of television cannot be underestimated. One can witness the events of the world in their live form. One can hear speeches, debates and witty contests. One can see exciting matches and thrilling athletic competitions. Apart from old and new documentary and feature films, interesting and educative dramas, one-act plays and several historical and mythological serials are telecast over the television. Some serials aim at furthering national integration and communal harmony. Lessons for adult and children’s education are also given. Great scientific experiments and complicated surgical operations are telecast live. Television is a great boon to the housewives. They get entertainment after they get bored while doing household chores. They also learn new lessons in cookery, knitting, sewing, interior decoration etc. The children learn new physical exercises and the students get more information about their lessons. During test and one-day matches and at the time of elections, T.V. provides the latest tally. We fell thrilled to get highlights of Olympic and other games. The telecast through the satellite has added a new dimension to the usefulness of T.V. As a result of it, Television has reached almost all parts of our country. The meteorological forecasts greatly help the farmers and fishermen. The farmers also get knowledge of new techniques of farming through T.V. The advertisements of various marketable products greatly help the producer as well as the consumer. Television is also a bane in one sense. Many children, who are too much enamored of it, get their eyesight impaired. Many others neglect their lessons and games. Also erotic scenes from films have a degenerative effect on the young people. Like all objects of science, television is a good servant but a bad master. One can develop one’s personality greatly through its proper use. The reverse can be the case in case of over- indulgence. Television (Introduction, Invention, How the system works, A source ofentertainment, Its educative value, Merits, Demerits, Conclusion) Television is one of the latest and most wonderful achievements of modern science. Within the short period of its invention, it has become very popular. It has brought the whole wide world closer to us. It gives us both picture and sound. The idea of 'Television at first came to the mind of Paul Nepkev, a German scientist. Afterwards, on the basis of his experiment the Scottish scientist, John Byard invented the television in 1925. After much improvement television took the present form in 1945.   The word 'Television' has been formed from two Latin words 'Tele' and 'Vision'. 'Tele' means distance and 'Vision means sight. So the word television means seeing from a distance. Radio works on the system of sending sounds through space by means of electric waves without any wire or connection between stations. Television is based on the excellence of the science of photography. An apparatus known as Cathode Ray Tube is used to break up pictures into numerous divisions of light and shade. These divisions are at once changed into electric current. The television set receives the light waves and passes it inside. It at once changes into light and shade. They are then reflected on the glass screens of the television sets. Television is a fruitful source of entertainment. It entertains us and teaches us as well. Music, dramas, sports and games, performances by the artists are presented on the television screen. The latest vision of it is the coloured TV. It has increased demand & attraction. So to say, it has made television programmes much attractive and amusing.   People can get varied types of lessons from a television, which have much educative value. In a word, it has broken the barrier between the illiterate and the literate. Television is the most modern means of communicating ideas and thoughts. It serves us more than a radio. It also serves the purpose of our recreation and relaxation. Political leaders can also make the people aware of their programmes and opinions through television. It has made the world small. It has conquered time and distance.   Television has some demerits too. Now and then, students prefer enjoying television to studying. Sometimes immoral films and obscene dances are projected on the television. These are corrupting the young minds. Moreover, false ideas may also be propagated.   Television is a powerful mass-media. It plays a significant role in our daily life. Enjoying television has become a part and parcel of our daily business. So television programmes should be carefully produced. Considering the merits and demerits of television, we can say that the invention of television is a boon of science for mankind.   THE IMPORTANCE OF TELEVISION Television is a wonderful invention of modern science. It is really a wonder how the voice is transmitted along with the image of the speaker through television. This wonderful invention has been put to various beneficial uses for the progress and prosperity of mankind.   The uses of television are manifold. Television is the most modern means of communicating ideas and thoughts.Television is a source of recreation. After a day's work a sport­lover can enjoy his game and a music devotee can get his lessons from it. A news-lover can get aware of the latest development of the world and a politician can know about various political issues.   Television has a great educative value in teaching the illiterate and the students. As it is a very powerful mass media, television can help removing illiteracy from our society as well as from our country. Bangladesh Open University for example, is rendering wonderful service through television. If democracy means a real bond between the government and the people, television is beneficial to democracy. Political leader can make the people aware of their programmes and thus can form public opinion.   Television has its demerits too. An undemocratic government may control it to exploit the people. It can be used for sensationalism and can have harmful effect on the moral life of the people. Sometimes youngsters become addicted to enjoying and watching TV for all day long shunning away their studies. Satellite T.V. channels made inroads to the native culture.   The role of television needs no further telling to people. Its programmes should be educative, instructive and harmless so that all the members of a family can watch it together with benefit and pleasure. And the authority should be alert in this regard so that television is not allowed to exercise any bad effect on the youngsters. টেলিভিশনের গুরুত্ব টেলিভিশন আধুনিক বিজ্ঞানের একটি বিস্ময়কর আবিষ্কার। টেলিভিশনের মাধ্যমে বক্তার ভাবমূর্তি কীভাবে সঞ্চারিত হয় তা সত্যিই এক বিস্ময়। এই বিস্ময়কর আবিষ্কারটি মানবজাতির অগ্রগতি ও সমৃদ্ধির জন্য বিভিন্ন উপকারী কাজে ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে। টেলিভিশনের ব্যবহার বহুমুখী। টেলিভিশন হল ধারণা এবং চিন্তাভাবনা প্রকাশের সবচেয়ে আধুনিক মাধ্যম। টেলিভিশন বিনোদনের একটি উৎস। সারাদিন কাজ করার পর একজন ক্রীড়াপ্রেমী তার খেলা উপভোগ করতে পারেন এবং একজন সঙ্গীতপ্রেমী এটি থেকে তার শিক্ষা নিতে পারেন। একজন সংবাদপ্রেমী বিশ্বের সর্বশেষ উন্নয়ন সম্পর্কে সচেতন হতে পারেন এবং একজন রাজনীতিবিদ বিভিন্ন রাজনৈতিক বিষয় সম্পর্কে জানতে পারেন। অশিক্ষিত এবং শিক্ষার্থীদের শিক্ষাদানে টেলিভিশনের একটি দুর্দান্ত শিক্ষামূলক মূল্য রয়েছে। যেহেতু এটি একটি অত্যন্ত শক্তিশালী গণমাধ্যম, তাই টেলিভিশন আমাদের সমাজ এবং আমাদের দেশ থেকে নিরক্ষরতা দূর করতে সাহায্য করতে পারে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, বাংলাদেশ উন্মুক্ত বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় টেলিভিশনের মাধ্যমে চমৎকার সেবা প্রদান করছে। গণতন্ত্র যদি সরকার এবং জনগণের মধ্যে একটি প্রকৃত বন্ধন বোঝায়, তাহলে টেলিভিশন গণতন্ত্রের জন্য উপকারী। রাজনৈতিক নেতা জনগণকে তাদের অনুষ্ঠান সম্পর্কে সচেতন করতে পারেন এবং এভাবে জনমত গঠন করতে পারেন। টেলিভিশনেরও কিছু খারাপ দিক আছে। একটি অগণতান্ত্রিক সরকার জনগণকে শোষণ করার জন্য এটি নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারে। এটি চাঞ্চল্যকরতার জন্য ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে এবং জনগণের নৈতিক জীবনের উপর ক্ষতিকর প্রভাব ফেলতে পারে। কখনও কখনও তরুণরা সারাদিন টিভি উপভোগ করতে এবং তাদের পড়াশোনা বাদ দিয়ে দেখার প্রতি আসক্ত হয়ে পড়ে। স্যাটেলাইট টিভি চ্যানেলগুলি স্থানীয় সংস্কৃতিতে প্রবেশ করেছে। টেলিভিশনের ভূমিকা মানুষকে আরও বলার প্রয়োজন নেই। এর অনুষ্ঠানগুলি শিক্ষামূলক, শিক্ষণীয় এবং ক্ষতিকারক হওয়া উচিত যাতে পরিবারের সকল সদস্য একসাথে সুবিধা এবং আনন্দের সাথে এটি দেখতে পারে। এবং কর্তৃপক্ষকে এই বিষয়ে সতর্ক থাকতে হবে যাতে টেলিভিশন তরুণদের উপর কোনও খারাপ প্রভাব ফেলতে না পারে। Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE Society is a co-operative body. So long as human beings are no less or more than human beings, they must live in society. Students are social beings. Isolated from the society, the existence of students cannot be thought of. They enjoy the social benefits and rights. Enjoyment of social rights imposes upon them some duties to the society in which they live. Apart from building up themselves, the students have a responsibility to build up the nation. So they should play an important role to mould an ideal society for an ideal nation. Our country is beset with problems like poverty, ill-health, illiteracy and superstition. The students can do away with these and do many things for the welfare of the country. Students can help the spread of knowledge. They can teach the illiterate people the basic rules of health and sanitation. They can make the people aware of the necessity of the family planning. In case of natural calamities students can come forward to mitigate the sufferings of the distressed. It is, therefore, safely be said that social service of the students serves not only an individual society but also the cause of humanity. Model Answer-2 STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE The primary responsibility of a student is to focus on their studies. However, as members of society, students cannot ignore the pressing issues that affect their communities. Illiteracy remains a significant challenge in our country, with many individuals unable to read or write. Students have the opportunity to contribute to tackling this issue by volunteering in literacy programs organized by the government and NGOs. Additionally, students can play a role in promoting planned family life. By raising awareness about the importance of family planning, they can help encourage people to keep their families small, thus contributing to population control efforts. Another important area where students can make a difference is in combating drug addiction. They can establish libraries, science clubs, and gymnasiums in rural areas, providing positive outlets for young people and helping them avoid involvement in harmful activities. Furthermore, students can be actively involved in disaster management activities. During natural calamities, they can assist affected individuals and support government and NGO efforts to provide aid to those in need.  By  engaging in social service activities during their student years, students not only contribute to the betterment of society but also develop into responsible citizens. Their involvement in such initiatives lays the foundation for them to become conscientious and compassionate members of society in the future. Model Answer-3 STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE Society functions as a cooperative entity, and human beings inherently live within this social framework. Students, too, are inherently social beings, and their existence is intertwined with society. They benefit from the advantages and rights that society offers. However, these social rights also come with responsibilities towards the society they are a part of. Beyond self-development, students bear a duty to contribute to the development of the nation.In  this context, students can play a vital role in shaping an ideal society for a thriving nation. Our country faces numerous challenges, including poverty, poor health, illiteracy, and superstition. Students have the potential to address these issues and contribute significantly to the country's well-being. They can promote knowledge dissemination, educate the illiterate about basic health and sanitation practices, and raise awareness about the importance of family planning. In times of natural disasters, students can step up to alleviate the suffering of affected individuals. Therefore, it is safe to say that students' engagement in social service benefits not only the local community but also humanity as a whole. Their contributions extend beyond personal growth, making a positive impact on society and working towards the greater good of the nation. DUTIES OF A STUDENT A student has manifold duties towards himself and society. A student is in the process of becoming aware of his duties. A student has to set himself as an example to others. The primary duties of a student are to read to know more and to play to keep himself fit. Only reading or only playing is not desired by a student. Life is a combination of various things. A student has to learn how many things he can pursue well for a balanced development. At the earlier stage, he must allow for all kinds of knowledge to attract him. But at the later stage he must choose one definite area to pursue knowledge. He must understand the difference between rights and duties. The school, college, or university acknowledge his rights to learning and knowing, while he must be responsible enough as to pay his tuition fees, return the library books in time, and preserve the discipline. Obligations and duties to parents are part of the things students should learn to perform. They are the future of their parents. They are to realise their dreams. Students’ duties to teachers are infinite. It begins from preparing the lessons to following the teachers’ teaching style. It may happen that what advice a teacher may have given will be remembered by a student life-long. It need not be mentioned that a student has boundless duties to his country. A student has to bear it deep in mind that whatever education he receives, he must dedicate it to the services of his country. All education will be rightly valued, if the country is rightly served. Thus, a student’s future depends much on the skills he acquires by performing all his duties. Duties of a Student / Students and Social Services   Students are the greatest force as well as the future leaders of a Country. They can build or destroy a nation. The primary duty of students is to acquire knowledge and to make themselves worthy citizens. It is needless to say that they get much time for merry making, playing, amusements, touring etc. apart from their routine life of study. Then they should pay attention to the welfare of the society. Students have no worries about earning their livelihood. They have strength and capacity. Students should go to the villages and serve the villagers during vacation. They can make the illiterate masses aware of their rights and duties. Hence the students can guide the people of digging canals or constructing educational institutions. Sympathy and fellow feeling should be imparted the students to do some noble works for the people. Students can co-operate with people on matters of public interest such as education, sanitation, trade and commerce. Students can participate in cleaning drains, ponds during the leisure hours. They can help people during natural calamities such as earth quake, flood, drought, cyclone by collecting funds from different sources. Students have a spirit to work but the guardians and, teacher should guide them in the right way. Student must be the servants of humanity. The aim of all true education is to teach a man how to live and let others live. A student can learn this though social service. He gains experience, courage and confidence. Thus social service makes him fit for the greater world. Composition / Essay Writing STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE   Introduction: Society is a co-operative body. So long as human beings are no less or more than human beings, they must live in society. Students are social beings. Isolated from the society, the existence of students cannot be thought of. They enjoy the social benefits and rights. Enjoyment of social rights imposes upon them some duties to the social in which they live. First and foremost duty of students:  Admittedly the first and foremost duty of students is to acquire knowledge. They are to study with zeal and devotion. This must not be neglected by any means. As students are the future leaders they need to have a sound education which will enable them to do good to the ordinary people. Students must take part in the extra curricular activities to cultivate his knowledge. They must utilize every moment in a fruitful way.  Students in Bangladesh:  The students have youthful vigour and energy, warmth and inspiration.  Apart from building up themselves, the students have a responsibility to build up the nation. So they should play an important role to mould an ideal society for an ideal nation. For this purpose the students of Bangladesh have another duty. And it is the social service. Our country is beset with problems like poverty, ill-health, illiteracy and superstition. The students can do many things to do away with these and do many things for the welfare of the country.  In the spread of knowledge: Students can help the spread of knowledge. They can go a long way in eradicating illiteracy by setting up night schools in their respective localities. If this curse like illiteracy is uprooted, the nation will definitely have a golden age of progress and prosperity. Students can make the people conscious of the national progress and keep them in touch with the current movements of the world by making group discussions.  In the field of national health:  Students' service in the field of national health is of no mean importance. Female students can teach the illiterate women-folk how to keep their houses neat and clean, how to bring up their children and take care of their health. Students can teach them the basic rules of health and sanitation.  In the field of population check:  Alarming growth of population is a threat to our nation. Our population is growing in geometrical progress. If this growth remains unchecked and unrestricted, it will very soon surpass the maximum number of population. This means the economic security of the country will be jeopardised. The illiterate people of our country are full of prejudices and superstitions. They do not feel the necessity of family planning. Students may come forward to remove these evil conceptions of the people. They may  talk to the people individually and illustrate its uses and abuses so that people may feel the utility of family planning.  In the field of agriculture:  The Village people are ignorant of many basic knowledge of life. The farmers have no idea about the modern  method of agriculture. The students can tell the farmers about the importance of the scientific method of cultivation and manuring. They  can motivate people to grow more food. They  can help them actively to procure improved seeds Self-sufficiency in food is undoubtedly a long leap toward the progress of the country.  During national disaster/calamities:   Bangladesh faces with natural calamities every year. Floods, cyclones, droughts, etc have become familiar to the people of Bangladesh. During these calamities, students can help the distressed people. They can raise funds collectively from the public and distribute it among the needy and the distressed. Through the Red Cross Society they can help the distressed of the world.  During National emergency:  The students in Bangladesh should also share the responsibility of making the country safe from foreign aggression. For this purpose they should join the training corps and receive military training. All students, even while preparing for other professions, should be ready to join the army in the event of emergency.  Conclusion: Service keeps the 'milk of human kindness' flowing. It brings peace of mind, and every man who has peace of mind pursues his business with undivided attention and devotion. It can, therefore, safely be said that  social service of the students serves not only an individual society but also the cause of humanity. It makes the students well equipped for the struggle of existence and uplifts the moral character of the students.    Advanced: STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE   The societal framework is founded upon cooperation, and as human beings, we must coexist in a communal setting. Students, as social beings, are inextricably linked to society, and their existence cannot be conceptualized without it. They are privileged to enjoy the social rights and benefits, and therefore, must fulfill their corresponding duties towards the society they inhabit.   The paramount responsibility of students is to acquire knowledge with zeal and devotion, as they are the future leaders, and a sound education is essential to enable them to contribute positively to society. Additionally, students must actively participate in extracurricular activities to cultivate their knowledge and utilize every moment in a fruitful manner.   In Bangladesh, students possess youthful vigor, energy, warmth, and inspiration, and alongside building themselves, they hold the responsibility to build their nation. They must play a vital role in shaping an ideal society for an ideal nation, and for this purpose, they have another obligation - social service. Bangladesh, like many countries, is confronted with problems such as poverty, ill-health, illiteracy, and superstition, and students can play a crucial role in alleviating these issues and contribute to the welfare of the country.   Students can help spread knowledge and eradicate illiteracy by establishing night schools in their respective localities. Eradicating illiteracy is critical, and it will lead to a golden age of progress and prosperity for the nation. Students can also make people conscious of national progress and keep them abreast of current global movements through group discussions.   The service of students in the field of national health is of no mean importance. Female students can teach illiterate women how to maintain a clean household, bring up their children, and take care of their health. Students can teach them basic health and sanitation rules.   The alarming growth of population is a significant threat to the nation, and if unchecked, it can surpass the maximum sustainable population. The illiterate people of Bangladesh are full of prejudices and superstitions, and they do not perceive the necessity of family planning. Students may come forward to remove these misconceptions and illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of family planning to individuals.   The villagers and farmers in Bangladesh are often uninformed about basic aspects of life, and the farmers have no knowledge of modern agricultural techniques. Students can educate farmers about the importance of scientific cultivation and manuring, motivate them to grow more food, and actively assist them in procuring improved seeds. Self-sufficiency in food is a significant leap towards the progress of the country.   Bangladesh faces natural calamities every year, such as floods, cyclones, and droughts. Students can aid the distressed people by raising funds collectively from the public and distributing them among the needy. They can also assist the distressed worldwide through the Red Cross Society.   During national emergencies, students must shoulder the responsibility of safeguarding the country from foreign aggression. They should join the training corps and receive military training to prepare themselves to join the army in the event of an emergency, even while pursuing other professions.   In conclusion, service instills the "milk of human kindness," brings peace of mind, and contributes to the progress of both the individual and society. The social service of students serves not only their society but also the cause of humanity, equipping them to face the struggle of existence and uplifting their moral character. DUTIES OF A STUDENT Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains. He cannot pass a reckless life. He has to build his life and for that he has to go to school first of all. So, the period which man passes in schools, colleges or universities for gaining education is called the student life. Student life is very important. It is the time when a student should acquire all good qualities. His future is built at this stage. This life is free from all anxieties.   A student has manifold duties towards himself and society. A student is in the process of becoming aware of his duties. A student has to set himself as an example to others. A students first and for most duty is to acquire knowledge by study. The primary duties of a student are to read to know more and to play to keep himself fit. Only reading or only playing is not desired by a student. Life is a combination of various things. A student has to learn how many things he can pursue well for a balanced development. At the earlier stage, he must allow for all kinds of knowledge to attract him. But at the later stage he must choose one definite area to pursue knowledge. He must understand the difference between rights and duties. The school, college, or university acknowledge his rights to learning and knowing, while he must be responsible enough as to pay his tuition fees, return the library books in time, and preserve the discipline. The student must attend school regularly and read good books. He should not neglect studies. He should not take part in politics. He should be simple in his eating and clothing, modest and polite in his behaviour and conduct, simple in his habit and obedient to his superiors. The student must always maintain discipline because discipline is the key to success in life. He should also be dilligent and punctual. This virtues if practised from student life, will lead to a happy and prosperous life in the later years. The truth is that a good student of today will become a good citizen tomorrow. A good citizen is a great wealth of a country. He should gain the habit of doing every work in its proper time.   Obligations and duties to parents are part of the things students should learn to perform. They are the future of their parents. They are to realise their dreams. Students’ duties to teachers are infinite. It begins from preparing the lessons to following the teachers’ teaching style. It may happen that what advice a teacher may have given will be remembered by a student life-long. It need not be mentioned that a student has boundless duties to his country. A student should remember that he has certain duties to himself to his parents, society and country. He should learn how to discharge these duties properly and make the best use of this most valuable part of life. Good students must not play into the hands of politicians. They must remain busy in shaping their life and character before they leave educational institutions. So, the most important duty of a student is that he should acquire knowledge and to his duties. He should prepare himself to be a good citizen in future.   A student has to bear it deep in mind that whatever education he receives, he must dedicate it to the services of his country. All education will be rightly valued, if the country is rightly served. Thus, a student’s future depends much on the skills he acquires by performing all his duties.     ADVANCED: DUTIES OF A STUDENT   The opening quote by Rousseau - “Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains” - perfectly encapsulates the notion that an individual's path in life is not one of recklessness, but rather, one of building a meaningful life. This is particularly true in the context of a student's life, where the primary goal is to acquire knowledge and skills necessary for success in future endeavours.   The student's life is a critical phase in a person's journey, as it is a time when they are free from the anxieties and pressures of adult life. During this period, a student must acquire all the necessary qualities to build a successful future, both for themselves and society at large. To do this, a student must set an example for others to follow and fulfill various duties.   The first and foremost duty of a student is to acquire knowledge through diligent study. However, acquiring knowledge is not limited to reading books alone, as it also involves maintaining physical fitness by playing sports. A well-rounded student must pursue a balanced development by learning how to pursue various interests. However, at some point, they must choose a specific area of knowledge to pursue in depth.   Furthermore, a student must understand the difference between their rights and duties. The school, college, or university grants the right to education, but a student must fulfil their duties by paying tuition fees, returning library books on time, and upholding discipline. A student must attend school regularly, read good books, and avoid getting involved in politics. They should also exhibit simplicity in their eating and clothing, modesty, politeness, discipline, and obedience to their superiors. Diligence and punctuality are essential virtues that, if practiced in student life, will lead to a happy and prosperous future.   A good student today will undoubtedly become a good citizen tomorrow. As such, a student must gain the habit of performing every task in its proper time. Students also have obligations and duties to their parents, teachers, society, and country. They are the future of their parents, and they must strive to fulfill their dreams. The duties to teachers are limitless, beginning with preparing for lessons and following the teaching style. Students should never forget their duties to their country and learn to discharge them appropriately.   The most critical duty of a student is to acquire knowledge and fulfill their responsibilities. They should avoid getting caught up in politics and instead focus on shaping their life and character before leaving educational institutions. All education is valuable if dedicated to the service of the country. Therefore, a student's future largely depends on their ability to perform all their duties and acquire the necessary skills.   In conclusion, the student's life is an essential phase in an individual's journey, and it is incumbent upon students to develop the necessary skills and knowledge to build a successful future. They must understand and fulfill their various duties towards themselves, their parents, teachers, society, and their country. A well-rounded student who values education and discharges their obligations adequately is an invaluable asset to any nation.                                                                     STUDENT LIFE Introduction:            Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains. He cannot pass a reckless life. He has to build his life and for that he has to go to school first of all. So, the period which man passes in schools, colleges or universities for gaining education is called the student life. Student life is very important. It is the time when a student should acquire all good qualities. His future is built at this stage. This life is free from all anxieties. Preparation period:           Student life is the proper time to build one’s future. Life is not a bed of roses. Life in this world is struggle. To win this struggle one has to acquire necessary knowledge and wisdom during this period of life. Student life is the sowing season of life. What is sown now is reaped in future years. Student life generally extends from boyhood up to twenty five years, the period we spend in studies in schools, colleges and universities. Duties of student: A students first and for most duty is to acquire knowledge by study. The student must attend school regularly and read good books. He should not neglect studies. He should not take part in politics. He should be simple in his eating and clothing, modest and polite in his behaviour and conduct, simple in his habit and obedient to his superiors. The student must always maintain discipline because discipline is the key to success in life. He should also be dilligent and punctual. This virtues if practised from student life, will lead to a happy and prosperous life in the later years. The truth is that a good student of today will become a good citizen tomorrow. A good citizen is a great wealth of a country. He should gain the habit of doing every work in its proper time. Care of health: Another thing is that the students should take care of along with his studies is to observe the laws of health, because health is wealth. If the health is not good, learning   education will be of no avail. So the student should take regular physical exercise to keep the body fit. He should take part of all sorts of outdoor games. Games and sports help in building to body strong as well as making us cheerful. The student should always rise early in the morning and should not go to bed late at night. Formation of character: The chief aim of the student life is to build a good character and an ideal citizen, because character is the crown and glory of life. So, the student must try his best to be a good character. For this purpose he should always keep good company and read good books. One becomes good or bad because of keep good or bad company. That is why it is said that a man is known by the company of good friends. So the student should be very careful about selecting his friends and should mix with only honest and truthful boys. Other duties:  A student should not be a book-worm. We should not neglect his health. We should render social service. He should help his neighbours. Conclusion: A student should remember that he has certain duties to himself to his parents, society and country. He should learn how to discharge these duties properly and make the best use of this most valuable part of life. Good students must not play into the hands of politicians. They must remain busy in shaping their life and character before they leave educational institutions. So, the most important duty of a student is that he should acquire knowledge and to his duties. He should prepare himself to be a good citizen in future.         Advanced                                                        STUDENT LIFE Introduction: Man is endowed with freedom, yet society imposes chains that restrict him from living a reckless life. As such, man is obliged to build his life, and the foundation for this is laid during the period he spends in educational institutions. This phase, which is called student life, is of utmost importance because it is a time when a student should acquire all the qualities necessary for a successful future. Student life is a period of freedom, free from the anxieties of adult life.   Preparation period: The student life is a time to build one’s future. Life is not a bed of roses; it is a constant struggle. To emerge victorious, one must acquire the requisite knowledge and wisdom during this period. Student life is like the sowing season of life, and what is sown during this period will be reaped in future years. The period of student life generally spans from boyhood up to twenty-five years, which is the time spent in schools, colleges, and universities.   Duties of a student: The primary duty of a student is to acquire knowledge through studying. A student must attend school regularly and read good books, not neglecting their studies or taking part in politics. A student should exhibit simplicity in their eating and clothing, modest and polite behavior and conduct, simplicity in their habits, and obedience to their superiors. Discipline is key to success in life, and it should be maintained at all times. A student must also be diligent and punctual, virtues that if practiced during student life, will lead to a happy and prosperous life in the later years. It is a fact that a good student of today will become a good citizen tomorrow. A good citizen is a great asset to a country. The student should cultivate the habit of doing every work at the appropriate time. Care of health: Another essential aspect a student must attend to along with their studies is observing the laws of health. Good health is wealth, and without it, education is of little value. Therefore, a student should engage in regular physical exercise to keep their body fit and take part in outdoor games. Games and sports not only help in building a strong body but also in making us cheerful. A student should always rise early in the morning and retire to bed early at night.   Formation of character: The primary objective of student life is to build a good character and become an ideal citizen because character is the crown and glory of life. The student must strive to be of good character, for which they should always keep good company and read good books. One becomes good or bad depending on the company they keep. It is often said that a man is known by the company of good friends. Therefore, the student should be cautious about selecting their friends and should only mingle with honest and truthful boys. Other duties: A student should not be a bookworm and should not neglect their health. They should render social service and help their neighbors.   Conclusion: A student should remember that they have certain duties to themselves, their parents, society, and country. They should learn how to discharge these duties properly and make the best use of this valuable part of life. Good students must not fall prey to the manipulations of politicians. Instead, they must be preoccupied with shaping their life and character before leaving educational institutions. Therefore, the most important duty of a student is to acquire knowledge and fulfill their duties to prepare themselves to become good citizens in the future.   DUTIES OF STUDENT IN BANGLADESH Introduction: new life and new responsibilities – After long years of struggle and suffering, Bangladesh has come into being as an independent state. The students did a lot of sacrifice in achieving independence. Bangladesh has come and it has now to be maintained. The future of the state lies largely with the students who will grow up as useful citizens. Students and progress: other duties: The primary duty of a student is to learn. A student must acquire learning and qualify himself for a particular profession and for progress in life. Education will make him a good citizen. But in these days study alone is not enough for a student. Other duties await him. He has his duty towards his country and people. He should do that duty without sacrificing his study. Great tasks to perform: A student in Bangladesh has great tasks to perform. He must aim at making it an ideal state. But first of all, he must make himself a good and useful citizen of the state. During his vacation, he should try to do certain duties. For example, a student in Bangladesh should help to create among the people a sense of national unity. Social and humanitarian services in vacation: he should also render some social service during his leisure. He can thus indirectly help the Government which has many hard tasks to do. They should organize social service squads in their respective institutions to work in different areas. They should set up adult education centres to wipe out illiteracy and organize welfare centres to do various humanitarian services among the poor and the needy. They should also organize libraries, study centres, clubs, so that they may learn many things and may be well-versed in multifarious activities of life. Responsibility in emergency: A student in Bangladesh should also share the responsibility of making the country safe from foreiogn aggression. For this purpose he should join the training crops and receive military training. All students, even while preparing for other professions, should be ready to join the army in the event of emergency. Country’s need foremost consideration: A Bangladeshi student in choosing a profession, should not think of his personal interest only. He should consider his country’s need first. Bangladesh requires doctors, engineers, economists and technicians for her all-round development. A student must qualify himself in such a manner that he may meet these needs of his country. He must remember that he and his countrymen have great responsibilities, and that the youths of today are the country’s future leaders. Conclusion: With the creation of Bangladesh, the duties of a student have not ended, but have just begun. By hard work and voluntary sacrifice he has to make the country happy and prosperous. He must, therefore, build up his body and mind accordingly. DUTIES AND ACTIVITIES OF A STUDENT Student life is the most important time of a man’s life. It is the part of a student’s boyhood and youth, which is spent, in preparatory training for the practical duties of manhood. A student has manifold duties towards himself and society. It is his duty to pay importance in acquisition of knowledge which is the secret of success. A student should make a routine of his daily duties and act according to it. He should prepare his daily lessons attentively. A student should have a sound health as well as a sound mind. Eating balanced diet, doing physical exercise, playing regularly, taking enough rest, maintaining cleanliness etc are very essential to live a healthy life. Man is the bundle of habits. A student should cultivate good habits, such as, obedience, diligence, honesty etc that will guide him through the right path. He is also to be particularly careful not to form bad habits. Every student should strive to build up a character worthy of a really educated man. To build it up students should live a strictly disciplined life and never indulge in wicked thoughts. A student should be obedient to his superiors. Students are selfless sections of the society. The duty of a student is not only to learn but also to take part in social services. He has to serve his society and country also. He should fight against ignorance, superstition, social backwardness etc. He should help others by imparting the light of his knowledge. He can help the illiterate people to learn to read and write. He can help a student understand the importance of family planning, malnutrition, sanitation, population explosion etc. During the natural calamity he can take part in the programmes of removing the miseries of the distressed people. These activities enable a student to gain practical training in humanitarian work. Then he must be prepared to undertake social responsibilities. It need not be mentioned that a student has boundless duties to his country. A student has to bear it deep in mind that whatever education he receives, he must dedicate it to the services of his country. All education will be rightly valued, if the country is rightly served. Thus, a student’s future depends much on the skills he acquires by performing all his duties. Duties of a Student in Bangladesh Every man or woman has his/her own duties. A student is a part of our community. The primary duty of a student is to study and thereby to acquire knowledge. If he can not equip himself with sufficient knowledge at the formative period of his life, he will not be able to play his role as a responsible citizen in later life. He should also form good habits like early rising and cultivate such noble qualities as punctuality, honesty and perseverance. He should, above all, learn to discipline himself at home and abroad. He has duties to his parents. He should love and obey them. He ought io do nothing that will displease them. A student should love his nation. He should have decision to sacrifice his life for the cause of his nation. In village mosque students can set up adult education centre at night. To the villagers they can explain the modern methods of agriculture. They can teach them the rules of health and sanitation. They can teach them how to read and write. They can teach people how to do co-operative farming and get better harvest. They can teach people to cultivate fishes in ponds, ditches and canals. They can launch campaigns of planting trees. They can teach the villagers to change this food habits and the utility of different food items for the nutrition of the body. Thousands of people live in slums. Students should visit the slums and teach the illiterate people. They can establish night-schools and help eradicate illiteracy from the country. They can organize welfare centres for the needy. They can also set up libraries and cultural clubs for recreational facilities. They must, however, keep themselves aloof from active politics. Students are the future citizens of a country. They should shape their life in such a way as to prove the pride and glory to their country. DUTIES OF A STUDENT Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains. He cannot pass a reckless life. He has to build his life and for that he has to go to school first of all. So, the period which man passes in schools, colleges or universities for gaining education is called the student life. Student life is very important. It is the time when a student should acquire all good qualities. His future is built at this stage. This life is free from all anxieties. A student has manifold duties towards himself and society. A student is in the process of becoming aware of his duties. A student has to set himself as an example to others. A students first and for most duty is to acquire knowledge by study. The primary duties of a student are to read to know more and to play to keep himself fit. Only reading or only playing is not desired by a student.   Life is a combination of various things. A student has to learn how many things he can pursue well for a balanced development. At the earlier stage, he must allow for all kinds of knowledge to attract him. But at the later stage he must choose one definite area to pursue knowledge. He must understand the difference between rights and duties. The school, college, or university acknowledge his rights to learning and knowing, while he must be responsible enough as to pay his tuition fees, return the library books in time, and preserve the discipline. The student must attend school regularly and read good books. He should not neglect studies. He should not take part in politics. He should be simple in his eating and clothing, modest and polite in his behaviour and conduct, simple in his habit and obedient to his superiors. The student must always maintain discipline because discipline is the key to success in life. He should also be dilligent and punctual. This virtues if practised from student life, will lead to a happy and prosperous life in the later years. The truth is that a good student of today will become a good citizen tomorrow. A good citizen is a great wealth of a country. He should gain the habit of doing every work in its proper time.   Obligations and duties to parents are part of the things students should learn to perform. They are the future of their parents. They are to realise their dreams. Students’ duties to teachers are infinite. It begins from preparing the lessons to following the teachers’ teaching style. It may happen that what advice a teacher may have given will be remembered by a student life-long. It need not be mentioned that a student has boundless duties to his country.   A student should remember that he has certain duties to himself to his parents, society and country. He should learn how to discharge these duties properly and make the best use of this most valuable part of life. Good students must not play into the hands of politicians. They must remain busy in shaping their life and character before they leave educational institutions. So, the most important duty of a student is that he should acquire knowledge and to his duties. He should prepare himself to be a good citizen in future. A student has to bear it deep in mind that whatever education he receives, he must dedicate it to the services of his country. All education will be rightly valued, if the country is rightly served. Thus, a student’s future depends much on the skills he acquires by performing all his duties.     The Duties of Students Introduction Student life is the most prime, valuable and important period of a man's life. It is called the sowing season in our life. During this important period z, student has to perform certain things to be successful in his life. A student is one of the greatest assets of a nation. He/She is one of the greatest forces of a nation too. He/She is the future hope as well as the future leader of a nation/country. SO a student can play a vital role in building up a nation well as a society. Studying regularly: The prime duty of a student is to study regularly and gaining knowledge on various aspects. He should also -reads newspapers, magazines, literature, history, novels etc. Because a man can't reach his desired goal only by reading textbooks. So the duties of a student are not confined to books. He has a lot of duties to his family, to his society, to his country and' to the countrymen. Without proper knowledge and experience a student cannot do anything for him or-for his family or for his society or for his countrymen. So, the prime duty of a student is to gain true and proper knowledge and experience of real life. He must not kill his invaluable time and energy in vain. Building health : A student must take physical exercise regularly and properly in order to build up and maintain his sound health ` He should bear in mind that health is wealth." It is the root of all happiness. A.healthy student can study hard and make a good result. Forming character: He must also forma good moral character which is the best ornament of a life. Without a good moral character. a student can't do anything in his life. He also should bear in mind that a man having no moral character is not better than a beast. Forming moral qualities : Student life is the period of learning good lessons and forming good habits. He must cultivate the habit of speaking the truth. He must acquire all moral qualities such as honesty, sincerity, punctuality, truthfulness, modesty, curtsey, perseverance, discipline dmd so on to be happy and successful in his future life. Rendering social service A student should take part in removing illiteracy from the societ,vx. lie should make the letteriloss farmers literate. He can do this duty during his bolvdays. He can make the villagers aware of the necessity of education, the value of sanitation, the ,aluc of physical exercise, the value of planned family. the danger of early m.-ii,riage. the danger of over population, the curse of deforestation, the bad effect of drinking arsenic polluted water, the danger of gender discrimination (Pitt and the adverse effect of smoking. Helping the farmers : A student can help the farmers by telling the utility and usefulness of the scientific method of cultivation. the benefits of good seeds, the benefits of using fertilizers and the uses of insecticides in the fields-. Helping the illiterate women : A student can help the village women bv telling about caring their health anti children and the bad effect of malnutrition and early marriage. He should also look after the helpless or orphan children and the destitute and inspires them to be self-reliant. Helping to maintain sound environment : He also can help them how to keep the environment neat and clean and how to keep environment free froth kinds of pollution and the bad effect of environmental pollution. Nursing the victim: A student can serve the affected people during any natural calamities and disasters by taking part in relief operations. In times of national crisis, a student can render his valuable service by joining with the organization, By working helping people. a student can develop and enrich his himself to reach his desired goal in life.   DUTY TO PARENTS Duty to parents is a sacred duty. Duty to parents means to act according to the advice and order of parents. Indeed parents are second to none in this world except God. They are the only source of our lives on earth. We have seen the light of the day through our parents. Parents are our best friends and well-wishers on earth. When we were born first, we were quite helpless. We could not have lived if our parents had not taken care of us during our infancy. They tenderly brought us up and looked after us all the time. They gave us food, clothing, shelter and education at the cost of great sacrifice. When we were ill, they nursed us without caring for their own joy and happiness. If necessary, they gladly sacrificed their precious lives for us. For instance Babur, the great Mughal Emperor sacrificed his invaluable life for his son Humayun. So to speak, there is none to love us more like them. We have many duties to do for parents. As parents sacrifice everything for our happiness, it is our bounden duty to serve them and look after them in all possible ways. Particularly we should look after them when they become old, helpless as we were in our childhood. We should supply their needs properly. When they become weak, sick and infirm in old age, we should look after and nurse them with tenderness and care. We should fulfill all their wishes. As for example, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar swam across the great Damodar river to see his mother. We should not do anything that may hurt their feelings. A son who is not obedient to his parents can never prosper in life. Disobedience, disregard and negligence are serious crimes and punishments are sure to follow in the latter chapter of life. On the contrary, obedience to parents brings happiness, pleasure and satisfaction in life. The love and affection of the parents is blessing to the children. So it is our only duty to look after them in their old age. A person who is not kind to his parents is an ungrateful creature. In short, every son and daughter should serve parents by obeying their orders, their advice and by looking after them with due care and heartfelt love. In fact, duty to parents is endless. So, all of us should be dutiful and obedient to our parents during their lifetime and even pray for their salvation when they are no more.  STUDENT LIFE— THE FORMATIVE PERIOD OF LIFE Student life is that part of life which is spent in receiving education and acquiring knowledge from primary school to college or university. It is the time when the seed of future success is to be sown. As he sows at this period, so will he reap in the future years. The first abd foremost duty in student life is to acquire knowledge. A student should remember that knowledge is power. He should read not only his prescribed books, but also the books of famous writers in different branches of study. He has also to read newspapers, journals and magazines and widen his outlook. He has to fix his aim of life and equip himself for that profession. He should keep in mind that the students of today are the leaders of the nation in future. Therefore, a student should not waste his time, energies and faculties in matters other than education and learning. Character is a very important factor in life. It is only the men of character who can earn laurels. Student life is the proper time to build up character. He should acquire the virtues of honesty, truthfulness, diligence, self-help and perseverance. He should develop a sense of discipline, punctuality and dignity of labour. He should be obedient to parents, teachers, and superiors in society. He should have polite behaviour and pleasing manners. He should rise early and take physical exercise to build up his body and maintain his health. Students should never forget the importance of this period. As the future of the nation depends on them, they should equip themselves with proper knowledge and capabilities to bear the responsibilities of the nation in the years to come.   STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE Introduction: Society is a co-operative body. So long as human beings are no less or more than human beings, they must live in society. Students are social beings. Isolated from the society, the existence of students cannot be thought of. They enjoy the social benefits and rights. Enjoyment of social rights imposes upon them some duties to the social in which they live. First and foremost duty of students: Admittedly the first and foremost duty of students is to acquire knowledge. They are to study with zeal and devotion. This must not be neglected by any means. As students are the future leaders they need to have a sound education which will enable them to do good to the ordinary people. Students must take part in the extra curricular activities to cultivate his knowledge. They must utilize every moment in a fruitful way. Students in Bangladesh: The students have youthful vigour and energy, warmth and inspiration. Apart from building up themselves, the students have a responsibility to build up the nation. So they should play an important role to mould an ideal society for an ideal nation. For this purpose the students of Bangladesh have another duty. And it is the social service. Our country is beset with problems like poverty, ill-health, illiteracy and superstition. The students can do many things to do away with these and do many things for the welfare of the country. In the spread of knowledge: Students can help the spread of knowledge. They can go a long way in eradicating illiteracy by setting up night schools in their respective localities. If this curse like illiteracy is uprooted, the nation will definitely have a golden age of progress and prosperity. Students can make the people conscious of the national progress and keep them in touch with the current movements of the world by making group discussions. In the field of national health: Students' service in the field of national health is of no mean importance. Female students can teach the illiterate women-folk how to keep their houses neat and clean, how to bring up their children and take care of their health. Students can teach them the basic rules of health and sanitation. In the field of population check: Alarming growth of population is a threat to our nation. Our population is growing in geometrical progress. If this growth remains unchecked and unrestricted, it will very soon surpass the maximum number of population. This means the economic security of the country will be jeopardised. The illiterate people of our country are full of prejudices and superstitions. They do not feel the necessity of family planning. Students may come forward to remove these evil conceptions of the people. They may talk to the people individually and illustrate its uses and abuses so that people may feel the utility of family planning. In the field of agriculture: The Village people are ignorant of many basic knowledge of life. The farmers have no idea about the modern method of agriculture. The students can tell the farmers about the importance of the scientific method of cultivation and manuring. They can motivate people to grow more food. They can help them actively to procure improved seeds Self-sufficiency in food is undoubtedly a long leap toward the progress of the country.   During national disaster/calamities: Bangladesh faces with natural calamities every year. Floods, cyclones, droughts, etc have become familiar to the people of Bangladesh. During these calamities, students can help the distressed people. They can raise funds collectively from the public and distribute it among the needy and the distressed. Through the Red Cross Society they can help the distressed of the world. During National emergency: The students in Bangladesh should also share the responsibility of making the country safe from foreign aggression. For this purpose they should join the training corps and receive military training. All students, even while preparing for other professions, should be ready to join the army in the event of emergency. Conclusion: Service keeps the 'milk of human kindness' flowing. It brings peace of mind, and every man who has peace of mind pursues his business with undivided attention and devotion. It can, therefore, safely be said that social service of the students serves not only an individual society but also the cause of humanity. It makes the students well equipped for the struggle of existence and uplifts the moral character of the students. STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE Society is an association of all classes of people with common interest, aim and principle. Students are not isolated from society. As members of the society they are subject to perform certain duties to society. There are many kinds of social services and students have a lot to do in this sector. Students' service is especially important in poor countries like ours. Student life is the period for education and training. But living in a developing country like ours students have to render certain services for the development and progress of the nation. They may run night schools and teach the poor and working children as well as the uneducated adult people. If that is not possible, they can at least teach servants at their own house. Besides teaching the three R's—Reading, Writing and Arithmatic, students can also teach the people about modern methods of cultivation, the use of fertilizers and proper caring of crops. They can also provide advice on earning methods, for example, whether to dig pond for fish cultivation or to make a farm. Students have duties towards society no doubt, but they should not always remain preoccupied with these. They should render social services during leisure time or during long vacations. Students can take part in raising awareness regarding population problem. Our students can teach people the rules of health and sanitation. They can teach them how to reduce pollution and how to lead a healthy life by staying neat and clean. Most of the people of our country are poor and illiterate. The food they take have very little vitality. So a large number of people suffer from various diseases. The students can teach these people some basic treatments for diseases like dysentery and small infections. Students can prove to be worthy during natural calamities. In times of flood, famine, cyclone, earthquake and epidemic they can come forward to help the people in distress. They can collect food, clothes and medicine and distribute them amongst the people in need. There are many other duties that students can perform as conscious citizens of a country. But not all students are aware of their duties. To save the country, every student should come forward with a helping hand. But in doing so, they should not forget that proper attention should be given to their education.   Students and Social Service Society is an association of all classes of people with common interest, aim and principle. Students are not isolated from society. So, as members of society, they are obliged to perform certain duties to society. There are many kinds of social services and students have a lot to do in this sector. Student life is the period for education and training. It is not desirable that students should waste their time and energies in affairs other than education. But living in a developing country like ours students have to render certain services for the development and progress of the nation. Students are in the process of learning and they can share their acquired knowledge with the illiterate and deprived citizens of our country. They may run night schools and teach the poor and working children as well as the uneducated adult people. If that is not possible, they can at least teach servants in their own house. Besides teaching the tree R’s-Reading. The use of fertilizers and proper caring of crops. They can also provide advice on earning methods, for example, whether to dig a pond for fish cultivation or to make a farm. Students have duties towards society no doubt, but they should not remain always preoccupied with these. They should render social services during leisure time or during long vacations. Students can take part in raising awareness regarding population problem. Population is growing in geometrical progression. If this growth remains unchecked the economic security of the country will be at a stake. The illiterate people of our country are full of prejudices and do not feel the necessity of family planning. Students may come forward to remove these evil conceptions of the people. They can teach people the problems of over population and should encourage them to adopt the measures of family planning. Students can teach people the rules of health and sanitation. They can teach them how to reduce pollution and how to lead a healthy life by staying neat and clean. A large number of people suffer from various diseases. The students can teach these people some basic treatments for diseases like dysentery and small infections. Students can prove to be worthy during natural calamities. In times of flood, famine, cyclone, earthquake and epidemic they can come forward to help the people in distress. They can collect food, clothes and medicine and distribute them amongst the people in need. There are many other duties that students can perform as conscious citizens of a country. But not all students are aware of their duties. To save the country, every student should come forward with a helping hand. But in doing so, they should not forget that proper attention should be given to their education. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing   Street Children / Tokai  The children who live in the street are called street children. Street children are familiar figure in our country. The street children or the tokais are he abandoned children of their parents. Street children live a very miserable life. They do not have any particular residence. They do not get any proper food or health care like the familial ones. They pass the whole day wandering here and there in search of food. They can not get a square meal a day. Many of them work as child labours while others works as garbage collectors, porters and rickshaw pullers. Sometimes they are found sleeping in the market places at night. They do not get a square meal a day let alone any education or health care. Street children are a major problem of our country specially in our towns. They commits various crimes like stealing, mugging, pick pocketing etc. Everybody should come forward to resolve this problem. The rich people can help these rootless children with food, healthcare and abode. The government can take steps to train these children with some vocational and practical hand skills to engage themselves in jobs. Thus the street children should be given scopes to come out of their miserable and inhuman lives. Street Children/Tokai Street children, often referred to as "tokais," are a familiar sight in our country. These are children who live on the streets and have been abandoned by their parents. Their lives are incredibly challenging and filled with misery. Unlike most children, they lack a stable residence and access to proper food and healthcare. Street children spend their days wandering aimlessly in search of food, and many of them are unable to secure a square meal each day. Some of them are forced to work as child laborers, while others take on jobs like collecting garbage, working as porters, or pulling rickshaws. At night, they can sometimes be found sleeping in marketplaces.Sadly, these children not only lack basic necessities like food, education, and healthcare, but they are also exposed to various dangers. Many resort to criminal activities such as stealing, mugging, and pickpocketing to survive.Addressing the issue of street children is a significant challenge in our country, particularly in urban areas. To tackle this problem, it requires collective efforts. Wealthy individuals can contribute by providing food, healthcare, and shelter to these vulnerable children. The government should take steps to provide them with vocational training and practical skills to help them secure jobs and lead better lives.It is crucial that we offer these street children opportunities to escape their harsh and inhumane circumstances. By working together, we can help them build brighter futures and break the cycle of poverty and hardship. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing THE CONDITION OF THE STREET CHILDREN IN BANGLADESH Street and working children: The street children in Bangladesh are those who earn their living off the city streets and stay there for most or all of the day. They may or may not have parents or legal guardians. The street is their home where they eat, sleep, make friends, work and play. The lives of most street children are characterised by unstable emotional relationships with negative self-image, social stigma, violence and exploitation. These children are almost always ill fed. Some survive on barely one meal a day; others get by on litter from restaurants or by scavenging municipality dustbins. The working children are those between ages of 7 and 15 who generally work as domestic servants in private homes, in factories, small shops and restaurants. They work in the informal sector as scavengers, shoeshine boys and porters. There is nothing in the home of a street child that is appealing to him. Hence, he prefers to be away from his home which is over crowded, squalid and unhealthy. The street and working children are a neglected group in Bangladesh society. They are seen as part of the floating population and are not included in the National Population Census. Whereas about 400,000 under the age of 15 work in the urban areas of Bangladesh, making up 12 per cent of the urban labour force. At present, about 50,000 children are employed in the garment sector. For many poor families the income that a child brings in is the only hope for survival. The Girl Children on the street: Although the vast majority of the street children are boys, there are a large number of girls as well. The girls leave home for the same reasons and some are probably abandoned by their families. If street life is hard for boys, it is even harder for girls, who additionally suffer abuse and sexual exploitation. Once a girl is forced into prostitution, she can never return to her normal family life. In order to get away from the street, girls frequently take up employment as domestic helps. Unfortunately even there they are likely to become victims of violence and sexual abuse. Domestic service is one of the major sectors of employment open to the urban poor, especially women and children. Maltreatment of these young children by family members (particularly the home mistress) is common. The child domestics usually suffer in silence for fear of losing the job. There is no legislation till now to protect these children.   Recent surveys have revealed that nearly 300,000 children, aged between 7 to 16 years, are on the streets in urban centres all across Bangladesh. In terms of tomorrow this projects a large generation of citizenry of the underprivileged class, who may be denied the childhood opportunities which are the inherent right of all children in a democratic society. To say that society can hardly afford to offer them even the basic necessities like food and shelter, to say nothing of education and vocational training means we are setting the fuse to a time bomb for posterity. Most of these children on the streets are those abandoned by parents or guardians or are simply runaways from broken homes fleeing violence or sexual abuse. Here on the streets the homeless children, with or without parents or families, are subject not only to the ravages of nature but also to the deprivations of humans in the form of the brutality meted out by some members of the polices as well as the regular prosecution of hoodlums who later secure their recruits from among the boys. An enormous tragedy is that as many street children (especially girls) are victimised as sex workers, they fall prey to sexually transmitted diseases. In fact, almost all of them are subject to some form or other of STDs with syphilis, as is the global phenomena, accounting for nearly half the STD cases. Where despair and frustration reign, the use of drugs is no surprise. And it is figured that more than a quarter of the total sex workers use syringes to inject the drug. The number of children on the streets represents a huge loss in a potential manpower to the nation. If they can be converted into a useful workforce, it will be of great value to the economy. Moreover, if the children are turned to worthy citizens, the number of possible criminals can be reduced. Living on the streets children, whether at day or night, is at such hazards as at creeping, penetrating dust, the soot from exhausts and the heat of the sun. Slum quarters are avoided as these are frequently overcrowded and squalid. Services like water and sanitary facilities are worse in such settlements in terms of accessibility than on the streets. Most of the children work on the streets as long the daylight lasts and sometimes even beyond. Their work places range from commercial centres like officers and banks to busy zones like traffic intersections as well as bus and launch terminals, train stations and airports. They serve as porters in bazars, scavengers or ‘tokais’, shoeshine boys, break bricks, sell newspapers or flowers or candies or cigarettes, wash plates in restaurants, clean cars or watch over them. A grim irony is that in many cases the family is dependent on such minor bread earners as the father is disabled, the mother chronically sick. It has been found that nearly half of the child workers earn about Taka 500 a month or thereabouts which appears to be sufficient to provide the bread earners perceived nutritional needs as well as that of another person. It has also been found that a quarter of the families on the street depend entirely on the child workers in the family as the parents do not work. Circumstances lead the Children to Street: Where have these street children come from? Why is the phenomenon of homeless youth a growing social problem? The answers are complex. Economic problems do not explain everything. Our society is experiencing a breakdown of traditional pattern of community life, which has led to a massive migration to the towns. The new migrants find homes in urban shanty towns where poverty, together with unemployment or underemployment further weakens family bonds and the fabric of society. Quarrels and domestic violence enmesh the family atmosphere with debilitating tension, highly damaging to the psyche of the child and ultimately to the child’s physical well being. Studies have revealed that on an average the size of a family comes to about six members from toddlers to adult. So the pressure to earn or manage enough to fulfil even the barest minimal requirement for all the family members is agonisingly tremendous. What is most heart-rending is that the work where income is steady is that related to crime and sex. So naturally, even though disinclination is generally pronounced, children find themselves becoming the woeful victims of circumstances.   If the problem is to be solved, one has to strike at the roots. Such families and children are the result of urban overpopulation, the escalation of landless families from prolonged droughts, river erosion, floods, cyclones and similar calamities, man-made and natural. Polygamy, abandonment of the wife (one out of five families are estimated to be five families are estimated to be headed by the mother) all lead to children being on the streets in urban zones. Migration from the rural countryside to the urban areas is also triggered by lack of suitable unskilled job. Besides, the inability of the rural economic infrastructure to absorb such unskilled labour is difficult. In other words, it is grinding poverty which sends children to the streets. When parents separate, the children get dispersed too, or, as the single parent is too busy working, the children cannot receive the needed parental care and counsel. Then again, there are cases when the parent / parents have remarried and the step-parent is not sympathetic and accommodating to the children from the other marriage.   The Convention on the Rights of the Child: The Convention on the Rights of the Child was unanimously adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in November 1989 and became part of International Law in September 1990. It is considered to be the most widely accepted human rights treaty in history, that has been ratified by 187 of the 193 member countries of the UN. Bangladesh was one of the first countries both to sign and ratify the Convention. The Convention’s 54 articles seek to ensure the well­being of all children and to protect them against all forms of exploitation, discrimination, neglect and abuse. The rights recognised in the Convention cover many areas including health, education, relation between children and parents, cultural activities, civil rights, exploitation of children and children in conflict with the law. The Convention defines a child as ‘every person under the age of 18 years’ . The rights contained in the Convention are generally categorised into four clusters. These are: Survival Rights, Development Rights, Protection Rights, and Participation Rights . The Convention contains four key principles which are of the utmost importance in interpreting and applying its provisions. These are: 1)   Non -discrimination: All children are entitled to enjoy the rights set out in the Convention without discrimination on the grounds of gender, economic status, religion, language, ethnic origin, colour, disability or birth. 2)   The Best Interests of the Child: Parents, parliament, the courts and order relevant authorities must be guided by the best interests of the child or children concerned in any action relating to children.   3)      Parent’s Responsibilities in Upholding Children’s Rights: Parents have a responsibility to give appropriate guidance to their children about exercising their rights under the Convention. 4)       Respect for Views of the Child: Children who are old enough to form their own views have the right to express them freely in all matters affecting them. The principle applies to all kinds of informal everyday decisions taken at home and at school. The 1990 World Summit for Children resulted in a Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children. The Declaration, together with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, set an Agenda for securing the well being of children by the year 2000. However, for the majority of Bangladesh’s street working children, the Declaration (1990 World Summit for Children) and the Convention (CRC) remain a mere theory, far removed from the reality of their rights. Almost 80 percent of our children are chronically malnourished and sick. The infant mortality rate is still very high. Neither the state nor the family has been able to provide legal protection for the 400,000 children who work in the urban areas of Bangladesh. Government’s Response: No society could have any goal more important than to take care of its children, to educate them and provide for their future, and to take pains to form them into healthy citizens. Yet, the problems of coping with our street children are mainly left to the religious organisations, NGOs or other charitable institutions. However, the Government of Bangladesh has taken certain steps to improve the situation of urban children who are destitute orphaned or without shelter. Community’s Response: Recently, service oriented projects such is free school, medical and nutrition programmes exist in urban slum areas. Some NGOs and church-based organisations have been running programmes including shelters, dropping off centres, and mobile vocational training centres for street children. Why importance should be given on this sector: The negative attitude which the street environment generates can be a source of enormous resentment among the children over the course of time, if little or no help gets to them. Hurt as children by an uncaring society, these enormous mass of children, especially when on the threshold of adolescence take it as natural to hand out a similar harsh treatment to society. Solutions must be found for the sake of the children and for the sake of society. To solve these problems, governments must take the lead and at the same time give support to NGOs, community-based organisation and others involved with the rehabilitation of street children. Improving the housing facilities could make a major contribution to the living conditions so that families and their children could have hope for a better tomorrow. Development is dependent on the physical and mental health of people. People who sleep on the streets or who live in unhygienic and overcrowded homes cannot fully develop emotionally, intellectually, economically, culturally or as a family. A family that is self-sustaining with food, shelter and routine health care assured has no need for the children to be out on the street. Programmes should be devoted also to provide the parents themselves with jobs or income-generating sources or activities. In fact, inadequate and insecure shelter can lead to social and political instability, which eventually hampers economic development. The right to shelter and education for our street children must, therefore, be seen as a public policy priority issue, and adequate financial, physical, institutional and human resources must be allocated. Education is a priority. The street children need to be literate. Next, they have to be able to make a living. This means imparting some form of vocational training or skills training. On the whole it is important that we give serious attention to the increasing number of street children and do our best to find a satisfactory solution to the problems. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing SOUND POLLUTION Sound is a fundamental aspect of life, but excessive and loud noise has become a growing problem in modern society, leading to sound pollution. This issue has reached alarming levels and poses harmful effects on our daily lives and activities. Sound, when at a normal, tolerable, and pleasant level, is simply referred to as "sound." However, when it becomes sharp and harsh to the ears, it transforms into "noise." Regular exposure to sounds exceeding 70 decibels can cause serious harm to people.The rapid growth of urban populations and the increasing use of machinery in our daily lives have led to a general increase in the levels of noise in our surroundings. On average, city dwellers are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even higher. This continuous exposure to high levels of noise can have detrimental effects on our auditory nerves, potentially leading to deafness and psychological imbalances. Sound pollution poses a particular threat to patients, children, and the elderly, and it can be especially dangerous for individuals with heart conditions.Sound pollution has now exceeded the limits of human endurance, necessitating urgent action to address it. Enforcing strict laws to control noise pollution is crucial. Additionally, it is essential for everyone to cultivate the virtue of quietness in both domestic and public life. By taking these measures, we can mitigate the harmful effects of sound pollution and create a more peaceful and healthy environment for all. SOUND POLLUTION  Pollution is a major threat to our modern civilization. Like many other pollutions, sound pollution is also endangering our living and environment. Sound is a kind of energy which man has applied into various fields of everyday life with success. But in the process, the chances of sound pollution have also taken a great leap. There are many sources of sound pollutions. Horns and whistles of different vehicles plying on the roads are polluting the environment a lot. Besides, the drivers often press the horns unnecessarily even near the schools and hospitals which causes serious problems to the students and patients. Moreover, our young generation has a peculiar fascination towards listening to music at high volume. Various shops and hotels at the roadsides also tune their audio system loudly to attract customers. Mikes and loud speakers are also used on many occasions without considering any limitation. Shouting of slogans on the roads as well as in the campus tell upon the peaceful atmosphere. The sounds of mills, factories, power looms also contribute to sound pollution. So if we wish to control sound pollution, we need to develop awareness among the people and also enforce the law strictly. Sound Pollution Sound pollution has become a dreadful menace in our environment today. It refers to unpleasant and harsh sounds that are unbearable and unpleasant to the ears, posing a significant threat to our quality of life. There are multiple causes of sound pollution, including motor vehicles, aircraft, railway engines, powerhouses, mills, factories, televisions, radios, cassette players, microphones, loudspeakers, and more. Among them, the hydraulic horn of motor vehicles is one of the most serious contributors to sound pollution.Noisy places such as primary schools, markets, airports, railway stations, bus stops, riverbanks, fish markets, and tea stalls are particularly affected by sound pollution. Factors like illiteracy, lack of awareness, and overpopulation contribute to this alarming problem. The acceptable sound level is around 45 decibels, but in our cities, it often reaches 90 to 100 decibels, posing a significant threat to our well-being and the acoustic environment.The consequences of sound pollution are severe, gradually causing deafness, high blood pressure, heart diseases, and significant damage to our brains and memory. To combat this pressing issue, we must ban the use of hydraulic horns and loudspeakers, relocate mills and factories away from residential areas, eliminate illiteracy, and raise public awareness about the dangers of sound pollution. Controlling sound pollution is essential to creating a decent and safe world for everyone. SOUND POLLUTION Sound is an inherent part of life, signifying vitality and activity. However, excessive or loud sounds can pose problems for everyone. In the contemporary world, sound pollution has escalated to a concerning level, impacting our lives and daily activities adversely. When sound is at a normal, tolerable, and pleasant level, we simply call it "sound." But when it becomes sharp and grating to the ears, it transforms into "noise." Prolonged exposure to sounds exceeding 70 decibels can seriously harm individuals.The proliferation of urban populations and the widespread use of machines in our daily lives have led to a general increase in ambient sound levels. On average, people in cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even higher. This heightened soundscape has adverse effects on our auditory nerves, potentially causing deafness and psychological imbalances. Sound pollution has particularly become a threat to vulnerable groups such as patients, children, and the elderly, especially those suffering from heart diseases.The severity of sound pollution has surpassed the limits of human endurance, necessitating immediate action. Stricter laws should be enforced to mitigate this issue effectively. Furthermore, we should all cultivate the virtue of tranquility in both domestic and public life. In doing so, we can restore the balance between the sounds of life and the tranquility required for our well-being. ​ Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing SOUND POLLUTION Sound pollution occurs when the level of noise becomes sharp, harsh, and unpleasant to the ears, causing discomfort and health problems. The rapid growth of urban populations and increased industrial activity have contributed significantly to the escalation of sound pollution. In urban areas, the incessant honking and whistling of vehicles on roads contribute significantly to sound pollution. Furthermore, the operation of mills and factories adds to the overall noise levels. Additionally, the younger generation's inclination towards listening to music at high volumes exacerbates the problem. Commercial establishments often employ loudspeakers to attract customers, further adding to the cacophony. Other sources of noise pollution include microphones, car horns, loud telephone rings, drums, and public demonstrations involving shouting and slogans. The adverse effects of sound pollution on health are numerous and severe, including heart diseases, hypertension, high blood pressure, and hearing impairment. Hospital patients, in particular, are significantly impacted by excessive noise levels, hindering their recovery. Moreover, students find it challenging to concentrate on their studies in noisy environments, affecting their academic performance. To mitigate sound pollution, proactive measures are necessary. Raising public awareness about the detrimental effects of noise pollution is crucial, and mass media outlets can contribute by disseminating information through newspapers and magazines. Additionally, zoning regulations can be implemented to ensure that industrial activities are conducted away from residential areas, minimizing exposure to noise pollution. In conclusion, sound pollution poses significant health risks and disrupts daily life activities. By implementing effective measures such as public education campaigns and regulatory zoning, we can mitigate the adverse effects of sound pollution and create healthier and more peaceful environments for all. শব্দ দূষণ শব্দ দূষণ তখন ঘটে যখন শব্দের মাত্রা তীব্র, তীব্র এবং কানের জন্য অপ্রীতিকর হয়ে ওঠে, যা অস্বস্তি এবং স্বাস্থ্যগত সমস্যার সৃষ্টি করে। নগর জনসংখ্যার দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি এবং বর্ধিত শিল্প কার্যকলাপ শব্দ দূষণের বৃদ্ধিতে উল্লেখযোগ্য অবদান রেখেছে। শহরাঞ্চলে, রাস্তায় যানবাহনের অবিরাম হর্ন এবং শিস বাজানো শব্দ দূষণে উল্লেখযোগ্য অবদান রাখে। তদুপরি, মিল এবং কারখানাগুলির পরিচালনা সামগ্রিক শব্দের মাত্রা বৃদ্ধি করে। উপরন্তু, তরুণ প্রজন্মের উচ্চস্বরে সঙ্গীত শোনার প্রবণতা সমস্যাটিকে আরও বাড়িয়ে তোলে। বাণিজ্যিক প্রতিষ্ঠানগুলি প্রায়শই গ্রাহকদের আকর্ষণ করার জন্য লাউডস্পিকার ব্যবহার করে, যা কোলাহল আরও বাড়িয়ে তোলে। শব্দ দূষণের অন্যান্য উৎসগুলির মধ্যে রয়েছে মাইক্রোফোন, গাড়ির হর্ন, জোরে টেলিফোনের রিং, ড্রাম এবং চিৎকার এবং স্লোগান সহ জনসাধারণের বিক্ষোভ। স্বাস্থ্যের উপর শব্দ দূষণের বিরূপ প্রভাব অসংখ্য এবং গুরুতর, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে হৃদরোগ, উচ্চ রক্তচাপ, উচ্চ রক্তচাপ এবং শ্রবণশক্তি হ্রাস। বিশেষ করে হাসপাতালের রোগীরা অতিরিক্ত শব্দের মাত্রা দ্বারা উল্লেখযোগ্যভাবে প্রভাবিত হয়, যা তাদের পুনরুদ্ধারকে বাধাগ্রস্ত করে। তাছাড়া, শিক্ষার্থীরা কোলাহলপূর্ণ পরিবেশে তাদের পড়াশোনায় মনোনিবেশ করা কঠিন বলে মনে করে, যা তাদের একাডেমিক কর্মক্ষমতাকে প্রভাবিত করে। শব্দ দূষণ কমাতে, সক্রিয় পদক্ষেপ গ্রহণ করা প্রয়োজন। শব্দ দূষণের ক্ষতিকারক প্রভাব সম্পর্কে জনসচেতনতা বৃদ্ধি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ, এবং গণমাধ্যম সংবাদপত্র ও ম্যাগাজিনের মাধ্যমে তথ্য প্রচার করে অবদান রাখতে পারে। উপরন্তু, আবাসিক এলাকা থেকে দূরে শিল্প কার্যক্রম পরিচালনা নিশ্চিত করার জন্য জোনিং বিধিমালা বাস্তবায়ন করা যেতে পারে, যাতে শব্দ দূষণের সংস্পর্শ কম হয়। পরিশেষে, শব্দ দূষণ উল্লেখযোগ্য স্বাস্থ্য ঝুঁকি তৈরি করে এবং দৈনন্দিন জীবনের কার্যক্রম ব্যাহত করে। জনশিক্ষা প্রচারণা এবং নিয়ন্ত্রক জোনিংয়ের মতো কার্যকর ব্যবস্থা বাস্তবায়নের মাধ্যমে, আমরা শব্দ দূষণের প্রতিকূল প্রভাব কমাতে পারি এবং সকলের জন্য স্বাস্থ্যকর এবং আরও শান্তিপূর্ণ পরিবেশ তৈরি করতে পারি। Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Smart Bangladesh "Smart Bangladesh" represents an ambitious goal of creating a sustainable and technologically advanced nation. In recent years, Bangladesh has taken significant steps towards this vision through a variety of initiatives. The government's "Digital Bangladesh" program has played a role in fostering a more connected and accessible society, offering widespread access to mobile and internet services. Additionally, Bangladesh is investing in renewable energy sources like solar power to decrease its reliance on fossil fuels and address climate change concerns. Efforts are underway to build smart cities with modern infrastructure and innovative technologies, enhancing urban living by making it more efficient and comfortable. Furthermore, Bangladesh is nurturing a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. The government has set up various support systems like incubators and accelerators to aid startups and entrepreneurs, resulting in a thriving startup ecosystem that attracts both local and foreign investment. The government is also prioritizing STEM education to develop a skilled workforce capable of contributing to the nation's technological progress. In summary, "Smart Bangladesh" is not just a vision but a tangible reality that is rapidly materializing. Bangladesh's journey towards becoming a technologically advanced and sustainable nation reflects its commitment to growth and development. Through continued investments in technology, education, and innovation, Bangladesh is well-positioned to become a global economic leader, improving the quality of life for its citizens and creating new opportunities for its people. Smart Bangladesh Smart Bangladesh represents a vision to transform Bangladesh into an inclusive and digitally advanced nation. It is built upon four fundamental pillars: Smart Citizens, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society. The core objective is to bridge the digital divide by fostering sustainable and inventive digital solutions that can benefit all citizens, irrespective of their socio-economic status, and businesses of all scales.The first pillar, Smart Citizens, seeks to empower individuals with digital literacy and provide access to digital services, enabling their active participation in the country's digital evolution. The second pillar, Smart Government, employs technology to deliver efficient and transparent public services while safeguarding citizens' data privacy. The third pillar, Smart Economy, aims to establish a flourishing economy driven by digital technologies, where businesses of all sizes can engage and compete on an equitable platform.Smart Bangladesh builds upon the foundation laid by the Digital Bangladesh initiative, taking it to the next level. It represents an ambitious goal aimed at realizing the vision of a Golden Bangladesh, as envisaged by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the father of the nation.Understanding the concept of Smart Bangladesh is crucial for the country's future. It extends beyond technology, emphasizing the creation of an all-encompassing, innovative, and sustainable society. Embracing the four pillars of Smart Citizens, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society enables the younger generations to contribute to building a brighter and improved future for Bangladesh. স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ বাংলাদেশকে একটি অন্তর্ভুক্তিমূলক এবং ডিজিটালভাবে উন্নত জাতিতে রূপান্তরিত করার একটি দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। এটি চারটি মৌলিক স্তম্ভের উপর নির্মিত: স্মার্ট নাগরিক, স্মার্ট সরকার, স্মার্ট অর্থনীতি এবং স্মার্ট সমাজ। মূল লক্ষ্য হল টেকসই এবং উদ্ভাবনী ডিজিটাল সমাধান গড়ে তোলার মাধ্যমে ডিজিটাল বৈষম্য দূর করা যা সকল নাগরিকের আর্থ-সামাজিক অবস্থা এবং সকল স্তরের ব্যবসা নির্বিশেষে উপকৃত হতে পারে। প্রথম স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট সিটিজেন, ডিজিটাল সাক্ষরতার অধিকারী ব্যক্তিদের ক্ষমতায়ন এবং ডিজিটাল পরিষেবাগুলিতে অ্যাক্সেস প্রদানের লক্ষ্যে কাজ করে, যা দেশের ডিজিটাল বিবর্তনে তাদের সক্রিয় অংশগ্রহণকে সক্ষম করে। দ্বিতীয় স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট সরকার, নাগরিকদের ডেটা গোপনীয়তা রক্ষা করার সাথে সাথে দক্ষ এবং স্বচ্ছ জনসেবা প্রদানের জন্য প্রযুক্তি ব্যবহার করে। তৃতীয় স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট অর্থনীতি, ডিজিটাল প্রযুক্তি দ্বারা চালিত একটি সমৃদ্ধ অর্থনীতি প্রতিষ্ঠার লক্ষ্য রাখে, যেখানে সকল আকারের ব্যবসা একটি ন্যায়সঙ্গত প্ল্যাটফর্মে অংশগ্রহণ এবং প্রতিযোগিতা করতে পারে। স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ ডিজিটাল বাংলাদেশ উদ্যোগের ভিত্তির উপর ভিত্তি করে গড়ে ওঠে, এটিকে পরবর্তী স্তরে নিয়ে যায়। এটি জাতির পিতা বঙ্গবন্ধু শেখ মুজিবুর রহমানের স্বপ্নের সোনালী বাংলাদেশের রূপকল্প বাস্তবায়নের লক্ষ্যে একটি উচ্চাভিলাষী লক্ষ্যের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে। দেশের ভবিষ্যতের জন্য স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশের ধারণাটি বোঝা অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। এটি প্রযুক্তির বাইরেও বিস্তৃত, একটি সর্বব্যাপী, উদ্ভাবনী এবং টেকসই সমাজ গঠনের উপর জোর দেয়। স্মার্ট নাগরিক, স্মার্ট সরকার, স্মার্ট অর্থনীতি এবং স্মার্ট সমাজ এই চারটি স্তম্ভকে আলিঙ্গন করে তরুণ প্রজন্মকে বাংলাদেশের জন্য একটি উজ্জ্বল এবং উন্নত ভবিষ্যত গঠনে অবদান রাখতে সক্ষম করে। Smart Bangladesh   Bangladesh has set an ambitious goal called Smart Bangladesh, aiming for a sustainable and technologically advanced nation. Recent years have seen significant steps toward this vision through various government initiatives. One such initiative is the Digital Bangladesh program, which has improved connectivity and accessibility by providing widespread access to mobile and internet services. Additionally, Bangladesh is investing in renewable energy like solar power to lessen its dependence on fossil fuels and address climate change concerns. Efforts are also underway to develop smart cities with modern infrastructure and innovative technologies, making urban life more efficient and comfortable. Furthermore, Bangladesh is nurturing a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. The government has set up incubators and accelerators to support startups and entrepreneurs, resulting in a flourishing startup ecosystem attracting both local and foreign investments. There's also a focus on STEM education to equip the workforce with the necessary skills for technological advancement. In essence, Smart Bangladesh isn't just a dream but a reality taking shape swiftly. The progress towards becoming a technologically advanced and sustainable nation reflects Bangladesh's dedication to growth and progress. With ongoing investments in technology, education, and innovation, Bangladesh is on track to lead the global economy, offering its citizens a better quality of life and creating new opportunities for its people. Smart Bangladesh "Smart Bangladesh" represents an ambitious goal of creating a sustainable and technologically advanced nation. In recent years, Bangladesh has taken significant steps towards this vision through a variety of initiatives. The government's "Digital Bangladesh" program has played a role in fostering a more connected and accessible society, offering widespread access to mobile and internet services. Additionally, Bangladesh is investing in renewable energy sources like solar power to decrease its reliance on fossil fuels and address climate change concerns. Efforts are underway to build smart cities with modern infrastructure and innovative technologies, enhancing urban living by making it more efficient and comfortable. Furthermore, Bangladesh is nurturing a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. The government has set up various support systems like incubators and accelerators to aid startups and entrepreneurs, resulting in a thriving startup ecosystem that attracts both local and foreign investment. The government is also prioritizing STEM education to develop a skilled workforce capable of contributing to the nation's technological progress. In summary, "Smart Bangladesh" is not just a vision but a tangible reality that is rapidly materializing. Bangladesh's journey towards becoming a technologically advanced and sustainable nation reflects its commitment to growth and development. Through continued investments in technology, education, and innovation, Bangladesh is well-positioned to become a global economic leader, improving the quality of life for its citizens and creating new opportunities for its people. Smart Bangladesh Smart Bangladesh represents a vision to transform Bangladesh into an inclusive and digitally advanced nation. It is built upon four fundamental pillars: Smart Citizens, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society. The core objective is to bridge the digital divide by fostering sustainable and inventive digital solutions that can benefit all citizens, irrespective of their socio-economic status, and businesses of all scales.The first pillar, Smart Citizens, seeks to empower individuals with digital literacy and provide access to digital services, enabling their active participation in the country's digital evolution. The second pillar, Smart Government, employs technology to deliver efficient and transparent public services while safeguarding citizens' data privacy. The third pillar, Smart Economy, aims to establish a flourishing economy driven by digital technologies, where businesses of all sizes can engage and compete on an equitable platform.Smart Bangladesh builds upon the foundation laid by the Digital Bangladesh initiative, taking it to the next level. It represents an ambitious goal aimed at realizing the vision of a Golden Bangladesh, as envisaged by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the father of the nation.Understanding the concept of Smart Bangladesh is crucial for the country's future. It extends beyond technology, emphasizing the creation of an all-encompassing, innovative, and sustainable society. Embracing the four pillars of Smart Citizens, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society enables the younger generations to contribute to building a brighter and improved future for Bangladesh. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing Smart Bangladesh Smart Bangladesh is a vision to transform Bangladesh into a modern and digitally advanced country. It focuses on four main areas: Smart Citizens, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society. The goal is to reduce the digital divide, make technology accessible for everyone, and create opportunities for businesses of all sizes. This vision is designed to benefit all people, no matter their income or social status, and help the country achieve sustainable development. The first pillar, Smart Citizens, aims to educate people about digital skills and give them access to digital services. This will help citizens become active participants in the country’s progress. Digital literacy programs, affordable internet, and online platforms will ensure that everyone can benefit from the advantages of technology. This includes students, workers, and entrepreneurs. The second pillar, Smart Government, focuses on using technology to provide better public services. This means services will be faster, more efficient, and transparent. For example, people will be able to apply for documents, pay bills, or get healthcare support online without standing in long queues. The government will also ensure that citizens’ data is protected and kept private. The third pillar, Smart Economy, aims to build a strong economy powered by digital technology. This includes creating jobs in the tech sector, supporting startups, and helping small businesses grow. Digital marketplaces will allow businesses to sell their products not only in Bangladesh but also to international markets. This will help create more income opportunities and reduce unemployment. The fourth pillar, Smart Society, focuses on using technology to build a better and more inclusive community. This includes smart education, smart healthcare, and smart transportation systems. For example, students can attend online classes, patients can get telemedicine services, and cities can have better traffic management systems using technology. Smart Bangladesh builds on the success of the Digital Bangladesh initiative, taking it to the next level. It reflects the vision of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who dreamed of a "Golden Bangladesh." This plan is not just about technology but about creating a fair, innovative, and sustainable future for all. By focusing on these four pillars, younger generations can play an important role in shaping a brighter and more prosperous Bangladesh. Ad Ad স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ হলো বাংলাদেশকে একটি আধুনিক এবং ডিজিটালভাবে উন্নত দেশে রূপান্তরের একটি লক্ষ্য। এটি চারটি প্রধান ক্ষেত্রের উপর দৃষ্টি নিবদ্ধ করে: স্মার্ট নাগরিক, স্মার্ট সরকার, স্মার্ট অর্থনীতি এবং স্মার্ট সমাজ। লক্ষ্য হলো ডিজিটাল বৈষম্য কমানো, সকলের জন্য প্রযুক্তি সহজলভ্য করা এবং সকল আকারের ব্যবসার জন্য সুযোগ তৈরি করা। এই লক্ষ্য সকল মানুষের জন্য উপকারী, তাদের আয় বা সামাজিক অবস্থান নির্বিশেষে, এবং দেশকে টেকসই উন্নয়ন অর্জনে সহায়তা করার জন্য তৈরি করা হয়েছে। প্রথম স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট সিটিজেন, মানুষকে ডিজিটাল দক্ষতা সম্পর্কে শিক্ষিত করা এবং তাদের ডিজিটাল পরিষেবাগুলিতে অ্যাক্সেস প্রদানের লক্ষ্যে কাজ করে। এটি নাগরিকদের দেশের অগ্রগতিতে সক্রিয় অংশগ্রহণকারী হতে সাহায্য করবে। ডিজিটাল সাক্ষরতা কর্মসূচি, সাশ্রয়ী মূল্যের ইন্টারনেট এবং অনলাইন প্ল্যাটফর্ম নিশ্চিত করবে যে সকলেই প্রযুক্তির সুবিধাগুলি থেকে উপকৃত হতে পারে। এর মধ্যে শিক্ষার্থী, শ্রমিক এবং উদ্যোক্তা অন্তর্ভুক্ত। দ্বিতীয় স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট সরকার, উন্নত জনসেবা প্রদানের জন্য প্রযুক্তি ব্যবহারের উপর দৃষ্টি নিবদ্ধ করে। এর অর্থ পরিষেবাগুলি দ্রুত, আরও দক্ষ এবং স্বচ্ছ হবে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, লোকেরা দীর্ঘ লাইনে না দাঁড়িয়ে অনলাইনে নথিপত্রের জন্য আবেদন করতে, বিল পরিশোধ করতে বা স্বাস্থ্যসেবা সহায়তা পেতে সক্ষম হবে। সরকার নাগরিকদের তথ্য সুরক্ষিত এবং ব্যক্তিগত রাখা নিশ্চিত করবে। তৃতীয় স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট ইকোনমি, ডিজিটাল প্রযুক্তি দ্বারা চালিত একটি শক্তিশালী অর্থনীতি গড়ে তোলার লক্ষ্যে কাজ করে। এর মধ্যে রয়েছে প্রযুক্তি খাতে কর্মসংস্থান সৃষ্টি, স্টার্টআপগুলিকে সহায়তা করা এবং ছোট ব্যবসার বিকাশে সহায়তা করা। ডিজিটাল মার্কেটপ্লেসগুলি ব্যবসাগুলিকে কেবল বাংলাদেশেই নয় বরং আন্তর্জাতিক বাজারেও তাদের পণ্য বিক্রি করার সুযোগ দেবে। এটি আরও আয়ের সুযোগ তৈরি করতে এবং বেকারত্ব হ্রাস করতে সহায়তা করবে। চতুর্থ স্তম্ভ, স্মার্ট সোসাইটি, একটি উন্নত এবং আরও অন্তর্ভুক্তিমূলক সম্প্রদায় গড়ে তোলার জন্য প্রযুক্তি ব্যবহারের উপর দৃষ্টি নিবদ্ধ করে। এর মধ্যে রয়েছে স্মার্ট শিক্ষা, স্মার্ট স্বাস্থ্যসেবা এবং স্মার্ট পরিবহন ব্যবস্থা। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, শিক্ষার্থীরা অনলাইন ক্লাসে যোগ দিতে পারে, রোগীরা টেলিমেডিসিন পরিষেবা পেতে পারে এবং শহরগুলিতে প্রযুক্তি ব্যবহার করে আরও ভাল ট্র্যাফিক ব্যবস্থাপনা ব্যবস্থা থাকতে পারে। স্মার্ট বাংলাদেশ ডিজিটাল বাংলাদেশ উদ্যোগের সাফল্যের উপর ভিত্তি করে তৈরি, এটিকে পরবর্তী স্তরে নিয়ে যায়। এটি বঙ্গবন্ধু শেখ মুজিবুর রহমানের দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি প্রতিফলিত করে, যিনি "সোনার বাংলাদেশ" স্বপ্ন দেখেছিলেন। এই পরিকল্পনাটি কেবল প্রযুক্তি সম্পর্কে নয় বরং সকলের জন্য একটি ন্যায্য, উদ্ভাবনী এবং টেকসই ভবিষ্যত তৈরি করার বিষয়ে। এই চারটি স্তম্ভের উপর দৃষ্টি নিবদ্ধ করে, তরুণ প্রজন্ম একটি উজ্জ্বল এবং আরও সমৃদ্ধ বাংলাদেশ গঠনে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করতে পারে।

Paragraph Writing Rohingya Repatriation  Bangladesh and Myanmar have recently started a program to send Rohingya refugees back to Myanmar, where over a million of them live in crowded camps in Bangladesh. This effort has gained support from countries like China, but many doubt its success. The Bangladesh government is cautiously optimistic, but they recognize that Myanmar's discriminatory laws and restrictions on Rohingya make success unlikely without major policy changes. Challenges also arise from the lack of support from other Asian countries and resistance from armed Rohingya groups.The situation is made worse by violence and criminal activity within the refugee camps. Leaders advocating for repatriation, like Mohib Ullah, have been killed, allegedly by groups claiming to represent Rohingya interests. These armed groups, including the notorious ARSA, not only control illegal activities like drug and human trafficking but also violently suppress any dissent within the camps.Despite pressure from Bangladesh and the international community, the violent resistance within the Rohingya groups complicates repatriation efforts. Bangladesh has responded by cracking down on criminal activities in the camps, but the challenging terrain and lack of resources make it difficult to maintain law and order. ARSA, the most powerful armed group, continues to sow chaos to prevent state intervention and maintain control over the camps. Past attempts at repatriation have failed, and those who did return faced severe restrictions and insecurity in Myanmar. The Rohingya demand changes to Myanmar's citizenship laws before considering repatriation. Overall, the violence, criminal activity, and lack of cooperation from Myanmar pose significant obstacles to the successful repatriation of Rohingya refugees, leaving their future uncertain. Model Answer-2 Rohingya Repatriation  The repatriation of Rohingya refugees from Bangladesh to Myanmar has been a complex and challenging issue. The Rohingya, a Muslim minority group, have faced persecution and violence in Myanmar, leading to a mass exodus to neighboring Bangladesh. Despite recent efforts by both countries to initiate repatriation programs, there are significant challenges ahead. One major obstacle is the lack of trust and confidence among the Rohingya towards the Myanmar government, as they fear returning to a place where they have experienced discrimination and violence. Additionally, there are concerns about the safety and security of returnees, as previous repatriation attempts have resulted in restricted mobility and limited access to basic rights for those who returned. Another challenge is the presence of armed groups within the Rohingya refugee camps, which engage in criminal activities and pose a threat to both the refugees and the repatriation process. To address these challenges, it is essential for Myanmar to demonstrate genuine commitment to ensuring the safety and rights of the Rohingya, including amending discriminatory laws and providing opportunities for their integration and participation in society. Moreover, there needs to be increased international support and monitoring to ensure that repatriation efforts are conducted in a transparent and accountable manner, with the full participation and consent of the Rohingya community. Only through addressing these underlying issues and building trust and confidence can sustainable solutions be found for the repatriation of Rohingya refugees and their successful reintegration into society. রোহিঙ্গা প্রত্যাবাসন বাংলাদেশ থেকে মিয়ানমারে রোহিঙ্গা শরণার্থীদের প্রত্যাবাসন একটি জটিল এবং চ্যালেঞ্জিং বিষয়। মুসলিম সংখ্যালঘু সম্প্রদায় রোহিঙ্গারা মিয়ানমারে নির্যাতন ও সহিংসতার মুখোমুখি হয়েছে, যার ফলে প্রতিবেশী বাংলাদেশে ব্যাপকভাবে পালিয়ে যেতে হচ্ছে। উভয় দেশের সাম্প্রতিক প্রত্যাবাসন কর্মসূচি শুরু করার প্রচেষ্টা সত্ত্বেও, সামনে উল্লেখযোগ্য চ্যালেঞ্জ রয়েছে। একটি বড় বাধা হল মিয়ানমার সরকারের প্রতি রোহিঙ্গাদের আস্থা ও আস্থার অভাব, কারণ তারা এমন জায়গায় ফিরে যেতে ভয় পায় যেখানে তারা বৈষম্য এবং সহিংসতার শিকার হয়েছে। উপরন্তু, প্রত্যাবর্তনকারীদের নিরাপত্তা ও সুরক্ষা নিয়ে উদ্বেগ রয়েছে, কারণ পূর্ববর্তী প্রত্যাবাসন প্রচেষ্টার ফলে সীমিত গতিশীলতা এবং ফিরে আসা ব্যক্তিদের মৌলিক অধিকারের অ্যাক্সেস সীমিত হয়েছে। আরেকটি চ্যালেঞ্জ হল রোহিঙ্গা শরণার্থী শিবিরে সশস্ত্র গোষ্ঠীর উপস্থিতি, যারা অপরাধমূলক কর্মকাণ্ডে জড়িত এবং শরণার্থী এবং প্রত্যাবাসন প্রক্রিয়া উভয়ের জন্যই হুমকিস্বরূপ। এই চ্যালেঞ্জগুলি মোকাবেলা করার জন্য, মিয়ানমারের জন্য বৈষম্যমূলক আইন সংশোধন এবং সমাজে তাদের একীকরণ এবং অংশগ্রহণের সুযোগ প্রদান সহ রোহিঙ্গাদের নিরাপত্তা এবং অধিকার নিশ্চিত করার জন্য প্রকৃত প্রতিশ্রুতি প্রদর্শন করা অপরিহার্য। তাছাড়া, রোহিঙ্গা সম্প্রদায়ের পূর্ণ অংশগ্রহণ এবং সম্মতিতে স্বচ্ছ ও জবাবদিহিমূলকভাবে প্রত্যাবাসন প্রচেষ্টা পরিচালিত হওয়া নিশ্চিত করার জন্য আন্তর্জাতিক সমর্থন এবং তদারকি বৃদ্ধি করা প্রয়োজন। কেবলমাত্র এই অন্তর্নিহিত সমস্যাগুলি সমাধান করে এবং আস্থা ও আস্থা তৈরি করেই রোহিঙ্গা শরণার্থীদের প্রত্যাবাসন এবং সমাজে তাদের সফল পুনঃএকত্রীকরণের জন্য টেকসই সমাধান খুঁজে পাওয়া যেতে পারে। Model Answer-3 Rohingya Repatriation  The Rohingya crisis, where many Rohingya people had to leave their homes in Myanmar and go to Bangladesh, is a big problem. It's hard to send them back home because there are many challenges. People in Bangladesh want to help, but they can't give the Rohingya people all the rights they need because they are not officially called refugees. This makes things difficult. Also, other countries are not giving as much help as before, which is making the situation even harder. Bangladesh and Myanmar are trying to work together to send the Rohingya people back home, but some people worry about Myanmar's real reasons for doing this. They have a plan for where the Rohingya people can live, but many Rohingya people don't want to accept it because they are afraid they will still be treated badly. Myanmar's government is not very stable, and there are still many problems there, so it's not safe for the Rohingya people to go back yet. It's important for the Rohingya people to be able to choose if they want to go back or not, but some reports say the government is forcing them to agree. Other countries need to help make sure the Rohingya people are treated fairly and can decide for themselves. Regional cooperation is also important to solve this problem and prevent similar issues in the future. Myanmar needs to take responsibility for protecting the Rohingya people, but everyone needs to work together to find a good solution for everyone involved. Rohingya Crisis    The Rohingya crisis is a humanitarian issue involving the Rohingya people, a Muslim minority group residing in western Rakhine, Myanmar. Despite having lived in the region for generations, the Myanmar government does not recognize them as citizens, rendering them stateless. As a result, they face persecution and oppression from security forces and Buddhist extremists. This situation has led to waves of Rohingya refugees fleeing to Bangladesh since the 1970s, with over two and a half million residing in refugee camps there by the 1990s. In October 2017, a military campaign targeting the Rohingya escalated in Myanmar, resulting in a massive influx of refugees into Bangladesh, where more than 5 million Rohingyas sought shelter. Most of these refugees are concentrated in overcrowded camps along the banks of the Naf River, facing numerous challenges related to food, health, and sanitation due to their large numbers in small areas. Despite calls from the Prime Minister of Bangladesh for Myanmar to take back the Rohingya refugees, the Myanmar government has not provided a satisfactory response. This ongoing crisis requires collective action from the global community to address its underlying causes and find a sustainable solution to restore the human dignity of the Rohingya people. Composition / Essay Writing Rohingya Repatriation / Crisis The Rohingya crisis is one of the largest refugee crises in recent history. The Rohingya are a minority ethnic group from Myanmar, mostly living in the Rakhine state. They are primarily Muslims and have faced decades of discrimination and violence. The government of Myanmar denies them citizenship, calling them illegal immigrants, even though many have lived there for generations. In 2017, the situation became worse when the Myanmar military launched a violent crackdown on the Rohingya people. Villages were burned, and many people were killed. Over 700,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh to escape this violence. They now live in crowded refugee camps in Cox's Bazar, which is the world's largest refugee settlement. The Rohingya crisis is a big challenge for Bangladesh. Although the country has provided shelter, food, and medical aid to the refugees, the situation is difficult to manage. The camps are overcrowded, and resources are limited. Many refugees have no access to proper education, jobs, or healthcare. Repatriation, or sending the Rohingya back to Myanmar, is a solution that has been discussed for years. However, it has not been successful. The Rohingya refuse to return because they fear for their safety. They want guarantees of citizenship, protection, and basic rights before going back. Myanmar, on the other hand, has not created a safe and supportive environment for their return. The international community has called for action to solve the crisis. Many countries and organizations have provided humanitarian aid to the refugees. However, they also demand that Myanmar take responsibility and ensure the safe return of the Rohingya people. Some countries have also put pressure on Myanmar through sanctions. The Rohingya crisis remains unsolved. Without a permanent solution, the refugees will continue to suffer, and Bangladesh will continue to bear the burden. Repatriation can only happen if Myanmar ensures safety, rights, and citizenship for the Rohingya people. Until then, the world must support the refugees and work together to find a long-term solution. In summary, the Rohingya crisis is a humanitarian issue that requires global cooperation and commitment. It is not just a problem for Myanmar or Bangladesh but for the whole world. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Composition / Essay Writing RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Introduction: Bangladesh is a land of rivers. Many of these rivers are wide and long. The small rivers rise in the rains and dry up in winter. All these rivers can be used for various purposes. Principal rivers of Bangladesh: There are hundreds of big and small rivers in our country. The principal rivers are the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna, the Dhaleswari, the Teesta, the Mahananda, the Madhumati, the Kacha, the Pashur, the Surma, the Karnafuli etc. Gifts of rivers: The beautiful cornfields of Bangladesh are the gifts of her rivers. The rivers bring enough silt and make the soil fertile. Both irrigation and manuring are done by these rivers. A great source of wealth: our rivers are a great source of wealth. They are the best home for many kinds of fishes, birds and plants that are rich in food value. The Padma, the Meghna, the Kacha and some other rivers are the home of the proverbial Hilsha fish. The fish caught in the rivers meets our local need and we also export fish to foreign countries. Fishing solves our unemployment problem to some extent. A lot of birds like cranes, storks, sandpipers, ducks, Pankauris etc. live in the rivers. They make nice, enjoyable dishes. Our rivers also abound in other water foods like ‘shaluk’, ‘lotus’, ‘paniphal’ etc. Source of energy: Our rivers are also the source of energy. Those that have a strong current can produce electricity. The Karnafuli Hydro-Electric Project is an instance of this. We can use the rivers, especially the swift flowing ones in the north-east region, to produce more electricity. Important for transport: Our rivers are important for transport too. The few roads and railways that we have are not adequate for our transport. Moreover, the building of roads and railways on our soft and marshy land is not easy. Hence transport by river is much easier and cheaper than by land in our country. Again, on the banks of the rivers many towns and business centres have grown up. Some demerits: Rivers have some demerits also. In the rainy season they sometimes overflow there banks and cause floods. They also change their course washing away towns and villages. Conclusion: The rivers of Bangladesh help a lot in the progress and prosperity of the country. They also have a great role in our literature and way of life. Advanced: RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Introduction: Bangladesh is a veritable paradise of rivers. Many of these rivers are vast and lengthy, while others are small and ephemeral, rising during the rainy season and drying up during the winter. These rivers are an invaluable resource, serving a plethora of purposes and contributing significantly to the nation's development. Principal Rivers of Bangladesh: There are hundreds of rivers in Bangladesh, both big and small, with the most prominent among them being the Padma, Meghna, Jamuna, Dhaleswari, Teesta, Mahananda, Madhumati, Kacha, Pashur, Surma, and Karnafuli. These rivers, with their steady flow, provide a vast array of benefits. Gifts of Rivers: The beautiful cornfields of Bangladesh owe their existence to the rivers that meander through the country. These rivers bring in enough silt to make the soil fertile, providing much-needed nourishment for the crops. Both irrigation and manuring are done by these rivers, leading to a significant contribution to the country's agricultural sector. A Great Source of Wealth: The rivers of Bangladesh are a rich repository of aquatic life, which makes them a significant source of wealth. Many kinds of fish, birds, and plants thrive in and around these rivers, providing rich food value. The Padma, Meghna, Kacha, and other rivers are the home of the famous Hilsha fish, which is not only a popular food item in the country but also exported to foreign countries. Fishing is a significant occupation in the country and provides employment to a significant section of the population. Besides fish, numerous bird species, such as cranes, storks, sandpipers, ducks, Pankauris, among others, also thrive in the rivers, providing enjoyable cuisine. The rivers also abound in other water foods like ‘shaluk’, ‘lotus’, ‘paniphal’, etc. Source of Energy: Our rivers are also a source of energy, especially the ones with strong currents, which can produce electricity. The Karnafuli Hydro-Electric Project is a prime example of how rivers can be harnessed to produce electricity. This has immense potential in a country where the demand for electricity exceeds the supply, leading to frequent power outages and hampering economic growth. Important for Transport: Transportation is an essential aspect of a country's economic development, and rivers play a crucial role in this regard in Bangladesh. The country has few roads and railways, which are inadequate to meet the transport needs of the population. Additionally, building roads and railways on the soft and marshy land of Bangladesh is challenging. Hence, river transport is more accessible and cheaper than land transport in the country. Many towns and business centers have sprung up along the banks of these rivers, providing additional impetus to the nation's economic growth. Some Demerits: While the rivers of Bangladesh are a blessing, they can also be a curse. In the rainy season, they often overflow their banks and cause floods, leading to loss of life and property. Additionally, the rivers can change their course, washing away entire towns and villages. Conclusion: In conclusion, the rivers of Bangladesh are an essential resource that plays a vital role in the progress and prosperity of the country. They are a source of food, energy, transport, and provide nourishment to the soil. While they have their disadvantages, their benefits far outweigh the negative aspects. They are not only a source of practical benefits but also have a significant role in the country's literature and way of life. Thus, the rivers of Bangladesh are truly a national treasure that must be conserved and protected for generations to come. RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is a riverine country. Anyone travelling through Bangladesh will surely by struck by its number of rivers. Perhaps no other country with equal area has so many rivers as Bangladesh. This land is criss-crossed by hundreds of rivers. They are the greatest natural wealth. Some of them are big and some are small. In fact, they are used for various purposes. The principal rivers of Bangladesh are the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna, the Brahmaputra, the Karnafully and the Surma. Besides, there are many small rivers like the Buriganga, the Gumati, the Tista, the Madhumati, the Sitalakhya, the Atrai, the Korotoa etc. They have tributaries as well. The rivers of Bangladesh play a vital role in country. Our agriculture depends on these rivers. When the monsoon sets in, these rivers swell and overflow every year, they make the land fertile supplying alluvial deposits. Besides, these rivers are also used for irrigation. Our rivers are the best home for fishes, as they are neither too hot nor too cold. Fishes are the only protein diet that our people can get easily. Moreover, many people are engaged in fishing, which goes a long way to solve the unemployment problem of our country. Our rivers are important for transport, too. They are navigable almost throughout their whole length. The transport through river-ways is cheaper than by roads. So, these rivers help the development of trade, commerce and industry in the country. The rivers are also the great source of energy. The strong current of rivers which can be a great source of energy produces electricity. And this electricity is very important for development of industry and electrification of the country. Goalpara and Karnafully hydro-electric projects and used to solve electricity problem. The rivers of our country are used for domestic purpose. The river-water is purified by the Water Supply Authority for drinking, cleaning and bathing purposes in the urban areas. The natural beauty of the rivers cannot be ignored. The sunrise and sunset is pleasant to behold while taking a journey by boat. The boat race and long distance swimming is really reciting. The rivers of our country greatly influence the life of the people in many ways. There is hardly any man whose heart is not stirred at the sight of these rivers. The sight of numerous country-boats with sails of various colours has hardly and parallel. The influence of rivers can be seen in some of our finest poems and novels. The great poet, Rabindra Nath Tagore has immortalised the Padma and other rivers by enshrining them in his poetry and in our other writings. Most of the rural songs like “Bhatiali” and “Sari” with the rhythm of the rippling waves are born of the people’s love for the rivers. Thus the rivers of Bangladesh have enriched our literature --- both ancient and modern. Apart from the merits, the rivers of Bangladesh have their destructive side also. Sometimes they cause untold woe. During natural calamities the rivers take a terrible shape. Then they cause flood which washes away our crops. Sometimes they erode their banks, and towns and habitations are destroyed. All this causes untold sufferings to men and animals. This causes great loss as well. The benefits the rivers bring us far outweigh the destruction they cause. It is the rivers that have made our land so green and the land of the golden fibre. If we have the will and the money, we can tame the wild river and make them yield more benefit. So, all of our rivers are blessing to us. THE RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Introduction: The river which rises from a hill and falls into the sea is basically a flow of waters. Bangladesh whose another name is ‘land of rivers’ is a large river basin country. A close network of rivers, streams, canals and other water channels has marked the landscape of Bangladesh. The rivers meander down word from north to south to the Bay of Bengal and have made our land most fertile and suitable for growing crops. Our rivers: There are two kinds of rivers in Bangladesh. They are the big rivers and the small rivers. The principal and big rivers are the Padma, the Meghana, the Jamuna, the Buriganga. Besides of these there are a large number of small rivers such as the Madhumati, the Gomti the Karnafully, the Tista, the Surma etc. Importance: As the rivers of our country are closely related to our economy and the prosperity of our country so they are of great use and importance to us. They help us in many ways: a) The source of power: Our rivers are the source of power. Those that have a strong current can produce electricity. The karnafully Hydro-Electric project is an instance of this. To produce more electricity we can use the rivers, especially the swift flowing ones in the north-east region. b) The source of fish: Fish is our main item of food after rice. Our rivers are the best home for many kinds of fishes, birds and plants that are rich in food value. The fish caught in the rivers meets our local need and we also export fish to foreign countries. c) The source of occupation: Our rivers are also the source of occupation. About half a million people of our country are engaged in fishing. So, fishing solves our unemployment problem to some extent. d) Its importance in the field of agriculture: The rivers are the heart of our agriculture. They can easily be used for the irrigation of our lands. During the rainy season by scattering silt over them our rivers make our lands alluvial and fertile. e) Importance for communication: The rivers are the easy means of communication in Bangladesh. People can travel to every corner of the country by boat or steamer or launch. They also help internal navigation, trade and commerce. Business commodities are easily moved from one part to another by boats, steamers and launches. f) The source of beauty: All the rivers of Bangladesh flowing through hills and paddy lands present a beautiful topographical spectacle to any who watches it from an aeroplane flying above. Their beauty is a great relief to the troubled hearts. They also have made Bangladesh rich, beautiful and happy. Its influence on the people: Most of the rural songs like ‘Bhatiali’ and ‘Jari’ are associated with the people living on the banks of the rivers. The rivers excite the imagination of the poets to contribute to literature. Demerits: Rivers have some drawbacks also. They sometimes overflow their banks and cause floods in the rainy season. It causes great sufferings and loss to us. Conclusion: But the rivers are the blessings of God for our country. They are also the source of our prosperity and happiness. They also play a significant role in our national economy. RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Introduction: Bangladesh is a land of rivers. Many of these rivers are wide and long. The small rivers rise in the rains and dry up in winter. All these rivers can be used for various purposes. Principal rivers of Bangladesh: There are hundreds of big and small rivers in our country. The principal rivers are the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna, the Dhaleswari, the Teesta, the Mahananda, the Madhumati, the Kacha, the Pashur, the Surma, the Karnafuli etc. Gifts of rivers: The beautiful cornfields of Bangladesh are the gifts of her rivers. The rivers bring enough silt and make the soil fertile. Both irrigation and manuring are done by these rivers. A great source of wealth: our rivers are a great source of wealth. They are the best home for many kinds of fishes, birds and plants that are rich in food value. The Padma, the Meghna, the Kacha and some other rivers are the home of the proverbial Hilsha fish. The fish caught in the rivers meets our local need and we also export fish to foreign countries. Fishing solves our unemployment problem to some extent. A lot of birds like cranes, storks, sandpipers, ducks, Pankauris etc. live in the rivers. They make nice, enjoyable dishes. Our rivers also abound in other water foods like ‘shaluk’, ‘lotus’, ‘paniphal’ etc. Source of energy: Our rivers are also the source of energy. Those that have a strong current can produce electricity. The Karnafuli Hydro-Electric Project is an instance of this. We can use the rivers, especially the swift flowing ones in the north-east region, to produce more electricity. Important for transport: Our rivers are important for transport too. The few roads and railways that we have are not adequate for our transport. Moreover, the building of roads and railways on our soft and marshy land is not easy. Hence transport by river is much easier and cheaper than by land in our country. Again, on the banks of the rivers many towns and business centres have grown up. Some demerits: Rivers have some demerits also. In the rainy season they sometimes overflow there banks and cause floods. They also change their course washing away towns and villages. Conclusion: The rivers of Bangladesh help a lot in the progress and prosperity of the country. They also have a great role in our literature and way of life. Rivers of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a deltoid country. She has many small and big river So, Bangladesh is called the 'land of rivers'. These rivers are th gifts of nature and add to the eternal beauty of Bangladesh. The Padma, the Meghna, the Brahmaputra, the Jamuna and th Karnafully are the principal rivers of Bangladesh. Other rivers likthe Buriganga, the Teesta,Sitalakshya and Dhaleswari, the Mahnanda, the Madhumati are not so large, but they are widely know Most of the rivers of our country rise from the Himalayas and fa into the Bay of Bengal. Ours is an agricultural country. The rivers supply us water and silt. They also make the land fertile. Consequently, our peasants can produce maximum of crops with minimum amount of labour. Paddy and other food crops are easily grown on this land. There are various kinds of fish in our rivers. Our fishermen catch huge quantity of fish from the rivers and sell them in the market an earn their livelihood. Moreover, Bangladesh earns much foreig exchange by exporting fish. The rivers are the main ways of communication. Boats, launche and steamers move on these rivers in all seasons with passengers and goods. All our important towns, industries, hats, bazars and trade-centres are on the bank of the rivers. The products of mills, factories an. industries can easily be transported to different places and markets through rivers. Thus our rivers help in trade, commerce and industry. The rivers are also used to produce hydro-electric power. During the natural calamities, the rivers take a terrible shape and wash away crops, houses and cattle. Floods destroy the econom of the country. The rivers should be dredged properly. The Government shoul­take necessary steps to preventing it. Otherwise, our golden coun­try of natural beauty and suitable climate will be a desert. The rivers of Bangladesh are very useful and significant in our life. They help a lot in the progress and prosperity of the country. That is to say, the rivers play a vital role in our national life. In a word, they are blessing to us. THE RIVERS OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is a riverine country. It is Criss-crossed by many rivers. In fact, the land-mass of Bangladesh is formed by the alluvial deposits carried by rivers. Some rivers are *big and some are small. All rivers of Bangladesh flow from the north to the south. Among the big rivers, mention may be made of the Meghna, the Jamuna and the Padma. The other important rivers are the Teesta, the Kobadak. the Modhumati. the Arial Khan, the Karatoa, the Atrai, the Brahmaputra and the Kushiara. the Guard, the Karnafuli and the Matamohuri are some of the other rivers. The smaller rivers are the tributaries and branches of the big rivers. The rivers of Bangladesh bear a great utility. They have made the soil fertile. During the rainy season, they leave silt deposits every year. The rivers constitute the main source of irrigation for agriculture. They abound with fishes which is a significant source of protein-rich food item that preserve our health. They provide employment avenues to a big chunk of our population. Besides, the rivers constitute the water‑ways of the country and play a very important role in transportation of men and goods. Their contribution to the economic activities and economic development as well as agricultural development and social life of the country can not be overstated. They are also a very important factor for generation of electricity. Rivers are Nature's gifts to us. They are a very important factor for our existence. They exert a great influence on our life and character. But the beds of some rivers have become silted. They need regular and systematic dredging. Sometimes they work havoc in the country by bringing about flood. Mills and factories set up on the river banks pollute water. Polluted water is unfit for human and animal consumption. It causes many fatal diseases as well. All-out efforts should be made by all concerned to harness these gifts of nature for beneficial purposes. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing RECYCLING Waste is something we throw away every day, from old cars to used packaging. As the amount of waste grows, it pollutes the environment, making it important to manage waste properly. While we can't eliminate waste entirely, we can reduce it through methods like burning, burying, and recycling. Many materials, such as paper, glass, metal, and textiles, can be recycled or reused. For example, glass can be turned into new glass, and metal from cans can be used to make things like electric poles. Some waste, like vegetable scraps, can even be turned into compost for soil. Recycling helps save resources and reduce pollution, but it requires proper systems in place to collect and process materials. More governments and companies are working to make recycling easier by designing products with recycling in mind and encouraging sustainable consumption. By recycling and reducing waste, we can all help protect the environment. Composition / Essay Writing RECYCLING Waste or rubbish is what we throw away every day. It includes everything from unwanted old cars to cigarette packets. As the amount of waste has grown rapidly all over the world and has started polluting the environment, time has come to think about it very seriously. We cannot altogether get rid of our waste but a proper management of it can certainly reduce its quantity. If we think of burning, burying, recycling and thus reduce our waste, we can to a large extent save our environment. Our garbage consists of various kinds of things some are burnable and some are recyclable. In some countries, burnable waste is destroyed by incinerators. The non-burnable garbage is melted and refabricated. Some rubbish is not rubbish at all. For example, most textiles, glass, metal, paper and cardboard can be recycled. Some kinds of waste can be used as fuel. We can use and have been using vegetable waste to make compost to improve our soil. Recycling mainly involves processing materials so that they can be used as raw materials for making other things. They may be used to produce the same product, for example, broken pieces of glass can be made into new glass. Or they may be very different, for example, iron and steel from cans and cars can be re-smelted to make electric poles and rods. The only problem then is to find authorities to make it easy to reuse what we throw away. This is because we cannot recycle paper, or metal ourselves. It is a big procedure. In many countries it is now quite normal to collect old bottles and them. Again many manufacturers are now designing their containers and packaging in such a way that they are easy to recycle. Some companies are using biodegradable wrappers. More and more authorities should come forward to promote greater recycling and changes in consumption patterns to reduce the amount of rubbish we produce and help people conserve the environment. RECYCLING Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new products to prevent waste and reduce the need for raw materials. It is an important way to protect the environment and conserve natural resources. Instead of throwing things away, we can recycle many items, such as paper, plastic, glass, and metal, to be used again. When we recycle, it reduces the amount of waste in landfills and decreases pollution. For example, recycling paper saves trees, and recycling plastic helps reduce the amount of plastic waste in oceans. Recycling also uses less energy compared to making new products from raw materials. This means less pollution and a healthier planet. To recycle, people must separate their waste. For example, they can place plastic bottles, newspapers, and aluminum cans in separate bins. Recycling centers then collect these items and process them into new materials. Some items, like plastic, may be turned into new plastic products, while paper can be recycled into new paper. However, not everything can be recycled. Some materials, like food waste or certain types of plastic, cannot be reused and must be disposed of differently. It is important to know which items can be recycled and which cannot. Recycling helps create jobs and supports a sustainable economy. It is a simple but powerful way to help protect the environment. By recycling at home, in schools, and in workplaces, we can all make a big difference in reducing waste and saving resources for future generations. Key Points: Recycling (Short) Waste: Includes various items like old cars and packaging, causing environmental pollution. Management: Proper methods like burning, burying, and recycling can reduce waste. Recycling: Involves reprocessing materials (e.g., glass, metal, paper) for reuse. Benefits: Reduces landfill waste, decreases pollution, saves energy, and conserves resources. Challenges: Requires waste separation and proper recycling facilities. Sustainability: Manufacturers use recyclable and biodegradable packaging. Limits: Not all items can be recycled; food waste requires different disposal. Impact: Recycling creates jobs and supports environmental conservation. Translation: RECYCLING বর্জ্য বা আবর্জনা হলো এমন জিনিস যা আমরা প্রতিদিন ফেলে দিই। এতে পুরানো অপ্রয়োজনীয় গাড়ি থেকে শুরু করে সিগারেটের প্যাকেট পর্যন্ত সবকিছু অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সারা বিশ্বে বর্জ্যের পরিমাণ দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি পাচ্ছে এবং পরিবেশ দূষিত হচ্ছে, তাই এখনই এই বিষয়ে গুরুত্ব সহকারে চিন্তা করার সময় এসেছে। আমরা সম্পূর্ণভাবে বর্জ্য থেকে মুক্তি পেতে পারি না, তবে সঠিক ব্যবস্থাপনার মাধ্যমে এর পরিমাণ কমানো সম্ভব। যদি আমরা বর্জ্য পোড়ানো, মাটিতে পুঁতে রাখা এবং পুনর্ব্যবহার করার কথা ভাবি, তাহলে পরিবেশকে অনেকাংশে রক্ষা করতে পারব। আমাদের আবর্জনা বিভিন্ন ধরণের হয়ে থাকে—কিছু পোড়ানো যায় এবং কিছু পুনর্ব্যবহারযোগ্য। কিছু দেশে পোড়ানোযোগ্য বর্জ্য ইনসিনারেটরের মাধ্যমে ধ্বংস করা হয়। পোড়ানো যায় না এমন বর্জ্য গলিয়ে পুনরায় তৈরি করা হয়। কিছু আবর্জনা আসলে আবর্জনাই নয়। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, বেশিরভাগ টেক্সটাইল, কাচ, ধাতু, কাগজ এবং কার্ডবোর্ড পুনর্ব্যবহারযোগ্য। কিছু বর্জ্য জ্বালানী হিসেবেও ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে। শাকসবজির বর্জ্য কম্পোস্টে পরিণত করে মাটির উর্বরতা বাড়ানোর জন্য ব্যবহার করা হয়। পুনর্ব্যবহার মূলত উপকরণগুলিকে এমনভাবে প্রক্রিয়াকরণের সঙ্গে জড়িত যাতে সেগুলো অন্যান্য জিনিস তৈরির কাঁচামাল হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা যায়। এগুলো থেকে একই পণ্য তৈরি হতে পারে, যেমন ভাঙা কাচ থেকে নতুন কাচ তৈরি হয়। আবার এটি সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্নও হতে পারে, যেমন ক্যান বা গাড়ির লোহা এবং ইস্পাত পুনরায় গলিয়ে বিদ্যুৎ পোল এবং রড তৈরি করা যেতে পারে। এর একমাত্র সমস্যা হলো কর্তৃপক্ষকে এমন ব্যবস্থা করা যাতে পুনর্ব্যবহার সহজ হয়। কারণ আমরা নিজেরা কাগজ বা ধাতু পুনর্ব্যবহার করতে পারি না। এটি একটি বড় প্রক্রিয়া। অনেক দেশে পুরানো বোতল সংগ্রহ এবং পুনরায় ব্যবহার করা এখন বেশ স্বাভাবিক। অনেক নির্মাতা তাদের প্যাকেজিং এমনভাবে ডিজাইন করছেন যাতে তা সহজে পুনর্ব্যবহারযোগ্য হয়। কিছু কোম্পানি জৈব-অবক্ষয়যোগ্য মোড়ক ব্যবহার করছে। আরও বেশি কর্তৃপক্ষকে এগিয়ে আসতে হবে পুনর্ব্যবহার এবং ভোগের ধরণ পরিবর্তনের জন্য যাতে বর্জ্যের পরিমাণ কমে এবং পরিবেশ সংরক্ষণের ক্ষেত্রে মানুষের সহযোগিতা পাওয়া যায়। Vocabulary: Vocabulary English Meaning Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning Waste Unwanted materials discarded বর্জ্য (Borjo) कचरा (Kachra) Pollute To make something dirty or harmful to the environment দুষণ করা (Dushon Kora) प्रदूषण करना (Pradushan Karna) Recycle To process used materials into new products পুনর্ব্যবহার (Punarbyabahar) पुनर्नवीकरण (Punarnavikaran) Eliminate To completely remove or get rid of নির্মূল করা (Nirmul Kora) समाप्त करना (Samaapt Karna) Burn To destroy something by fire পোড়ানো (Porano) जलाना (Jalana) Bury To put something in the ground মাটি চাপা দেওয়া (Mati Chapa Dewa) दफनाना (Dafnana) Material The substance from which something is made উপাদান (Upadan) सामग्री (Samaagri) Reuse To use something again পুনরায় ব্যবহার করা (Punaray Byabohar Kora) पुनः उपयोग करना (Punh Upyog Karna) Packaging Materials used to wrap or contain products প্যাকেজিং (Packaging) पैकेजिंग (Packaging) Compost Decayed organic material used as fertilizer কম্পোস্ট (Compost) खाद (Khaad) Incinerator A furnace for burning waste materials দহনযন্ত্র (Dohonjontro) जला देनेवाला यंत्र (Jala Dene Wala Yantra) Non-burnable Materials that cannot be burned অগ্নিসংবেদনশীল (Agnisongbedonshil) अग्निरोधी (Agnirōdhī) Melt To change from a solid to a liquid by heat গলে যাওয়া (Gole Jaya) पिघलना (Pighalna) Refabricate To remake or reconstruct পুনঃনির্মাণ (Punonirmān) फिर से बनाना (Phir Se Banana) Textiles Fabrics or woven materials কাপড় (Kapor) कपड़ा (Kapda) Glass A hard, brittle substance used in windows and containers কাঁচ (Kancha) कांच (Kanch) Metal A solid material, typically shiny and good conductor ধাতু (Dhatu) धातु (Dhatu) Paper A thin material made from wood fibers কাগজ (Kagoj) कागज (Kaagaz) Cardboard Thick paper used for packaging and boxes কার্ডবোর্ড (Kārdbōrḍ) कार्डबोर्ड (Cardboard) Fuel A substance used to produce energy by burning জ্বালানি (Jwalani) ईंधन (Indhan) Raw In its natural, unprocessed state কাঁচামাল (Kanchamal) कच्चा (Kaccha) Smelt To melt down metal in order to extract its components গলানো (Golano) गलाना (Galaana) Separate To divide into different parts or categories আলাদা করা (Alada Kora) अलग करना (Alag Karna) Bin A container used for holding waste or recyclables ঝুড়ি (Jhuri) डिब्बा (Dibba) Collect To gather or accumulate সংগ্রহ করা (Songroho Kora) इकट्ठा करना (Ikatha Karna) Center A place where things are processed or stored কেন্দ্র (Kendra) केंद्र (Kendra) Plastic A synthetic material made from polymers প্লাস্টিক (Plastic) प्लास्टिक (Plastic) Aluminum A silvery-white metal used in cans and other items অ্যালুমিনিয়াম (Aluminum) एल्युमिनियम (Aluminum) Processing The act of converting something into a usable form প্রক্রিয়াকরণ (Prokriyakoron) प्रसंस्करण (Prasanskran) Item An individual article or unit আইটেম (Aitem) आइटम (Item) Decrease To make or become smaller in amount কমানো (Komano) घटाना (Ghatana) Pollution The introduction of harmful substances into the environment দুষণ (Dushon) प्रदूषण (Pradushan) Oceans Large bodies of saltwater covering much of the Earth মহাসাগর (Mohasagor) महासागर (Mahasagar) Energy The capacity to do work or produce heat শক্তি (Shokti) ऊर्जा (Urja) Conserve To protect from loss or waste সংরক্ষণ করা (Songrokkhon Kora) संरक्षण करना (Sanrakshan Karna) Resource A supply of something useful or needed সম্পদ (Shompod) संसाधन (Sansadhan) Center A facility or place for processing or collecting কেন্দ্র (Kendra) केंद्र (Kendra) Generation The act of producing or creating প্রজন্ম (Projonmo) पीढ़ी (Peedi) Separate To set or keep apart আলাদা করা (Alada Kora) अलग करना (Alag Karna) Landfills Areas where waste is dumped or buried আছড়ানো স্থল (Ashrano Sthol) लैंडफिल्स (Landfills) Plastic Waste Waste made from plastic materials প্লাস্টিক বর্জ্য (Plastic Borjo) प्लास्टिक कचरा (Plastic Kachra) Recycled Something that has been processed for reuse পুনর্ব্যবহৃত (Punarbyabhrith) पुनर्नवीनीकरण (Punarnavikaran) Consumer A person who purchases goods and services ভোক্তা (Bokta) उपभोक्ता (Upbhokta) Sustainable Capable of being maintained over the long term টেকসই (Tēkṣī) स्थायी (Sthayi) Economy The system of production and distribution of goods অর্থনীতি (Orthonetee) अर्थव्यवस्था (Arthavyavastha) Conserve To save or use something carefully and sparingly সংরক্ষণ করা (Songrokkhon Kora) बचाना (Bachana) Material The matter or substance from which something is made উপাদান (Upadan) सामग्री (Samaagri) Recycle To reuse something by processing and repurposing পুনঃব্যবহার (Punah Byabohar) पुनर्नवीनीकरण (Punarnavikaran) Waste Reduction The practice of cutting down on the amount of waste produced বর্জ্য হ্রাস (Borjo Hras) कचरा कम करना (Kachra Kam Karna) Reusability The ability of a material to be used again পুনর্ব্যবহারযোগ্যতা (Punarbyaboharjoggota) पुनः उपयोगिता (Punh Upyogita) Biodegradable Capable of being broken down by natural processes জৈব-বিরোধী (Joi-bbirodhi) जैविक रूप से नष्ट होनेवाला (Jaivik Roop Se Nasht Honewala) Circular Economy An economic system aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing reuse বৃত্তাকার অর্থনীতি (Brittakar Orthonetee) परिपत्र अर्थव्यवस्था (Paripatra Arthavyavastha)

Composition / Essay Writing Recalling School Days / School Life School life is one of the most important periods in the life of a man. It is this period and place where one learns the basic principles of behaviour, speech and etiquette. School life, in fact, is a period of learning --training in all the aspects of life of a man. One gets training in many fields like the maintenance of physical fitness, increasing one’s mental powers, learning the proper mode of behaviour and understanding life. School life is a period for the formation of character, mind and body on sound lines. My school life was really an ideal one. It was ideal in the sense that this was a period of the training of mind. The impressions which I got during school life remain throughout life even if they are good, bad or indifferent. My school life prepared me to develop good habits, right and rational thinking. It made me duty-bound and obedient. The respect of teachers and elders was my abiding faith. I obeyed all my school teachers and parents and this was also one of the good habits which I developed during school life. During schooling, I developed interest in playing games, staging dramas, debating and other extra-curricular activities. I was a good debater and speaker, athlete and sportsman and at the same time hold positions in the class. All the qualities of head and heart earned for me a profound love and respect from my teachers and friends. My teachers encouraged me very much and helped me in all the possible ways. I was in the good books of all the teachers as well as of the Headmaster / Headmistress, because I won many medals, cups, trophies, shields and certificates for my extra-ordinary display in examinations, sports, athletics, debates, dramas and in many other events. Broadly speaking, school life is not merely a period for learning, reading of books or playing, but it is also the time, when all the good habits are acquired, bad habits are shunned, good conduct, fair play, sound thinking are developed and the ideas of patriotism and nationalism are imbibed. Recalling School Days / School Life School life is one of the most significant phases in a person’s journey. It is during these years that one learns essential skills like how to behave properly, how to speak politely, and how to practice good manners. School is not just a place for academic learning but also a training ground for life. It teaches us how to stay physically fit, how to improve our thinking abilities, and how to understand the world around us. School is the foundation for shaping one’s character, mind, and body in a positive way. For me, my school life was truly special. It was a time when my mind was being trained to think and grow. The lessons I learned during those years have stayed with me, whether they were good, bad, or even unremarkable. My school days taught me how to develop good habits and how to think logically and wisely. I became more responsible and obedient. Respecting teachers and elders became a core value for me. I listened to my teachers and parents, which helped me grow into a disciplined person. While at school, I developed a love for games, drama, debating, and many other extracurricular activities. I discovered that I was good at public speaking, debating, and athletics. At the same time, I worked hard in my studies and did well in class. These qualities earned me the admiration of my teachers and classmates. My teachers always supported me, encouraging me to do my best. I became well-liked by all my teachers, including the Headmaster/Headmistress, because I won numerous medals, trophies, and certificates in academics, sports, debates, and other events. Overall, school life is much more than just studying or playing. It is a time when we learn to develop good habits, avoid bad ones, practice fairness and kindness, and grow into thoughtful individuals. It is also a time when we learn the values of patriotism and love for our country, which stay with us for the rest of our lives. Vocabulary: 80 vocabulary words from the text Recalling School Days / School Life, along with their meanings in English, Bangla, and Hindi: Vocabulary English Meaning Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning School An institution for educating children স্কুল (Skul) स्कूल (School) Life The existence of a person জীবন (Jibon) जीवन (Jeevan) Significant Important and meaningful গুরুত্বপূর্ণ (Gurutto Purno) महत्वपूर्ण (Mahattvapurn) Phase A stage in a process পর্যায় (Porjay) चरण (Charan) Journey An act of traveling from one place to another যাত্রা (Jatra) यात्रा (Yatra) Essential Absolutely necessary অপরিহার্য (Aporiharjo) आवश्यक (Aavashyak) Skills The ability to do something well দক্ষতা (Dokkhota) कौशल (Kaushal) Behave To act in a particular way আচরণ করা (Achoron Kora) व्यवहार करना (Vyavhaar Karna) Properly In a correct manner ঠিকমত (Thikmoto) ठीक से (Theek Se) Politely In a respectful way ভদ্রভাবে (Bhodro Bhabe) विनम्रता से (Vinamrata Se) Manners Polite behavior ভদ্রতা (Bhodrota) शिष्टाचार (Shishtachar) Academic Related to education একাডেমিক (Akademik) शैक्षिक (Shaikshik) Training The action of teaching a skill প্রশিক্ষণ (Proshikkhon) प्रशिक्षण (Prashikshan) Physical Relating to the body শারীরিক (Sharirik) शारीरिक (Sharirik) Mental Relating to the mind মানসিক (Manoshik) मानसिक (Mansik) Fitness The condition of being physically fit ফিটনেস (Fitness) फिटनेस (Fitness) Understanding Comprehending or grasping meaning বোঝা (Boja) समझ (Samajh) Character The qualities that define a person চরিত্র (Choritro) चरित्र (Charitra) Mind The element of a person that enables them to think মন (Mon) मन (Man) Formation The process of being formed গঠন (Gothon) निर्माण (Nirman) Ideal Perfect or best example আদর্শ (Adarsho) आदर्श (Aadarsh) Impression An effect or influence ছাপ (Chhap) छाप (Chhaap) Habits A regular tendency or practice অভ্যাস (Obhyash) आदतें (Aadatein) Rational Based on reason or logic যৌক্তিক (Joukthik) तर्कसंगत (Tarksangat) Responsible Having a duty to take care of something দায়িত্বশীল (Dayitto Shil) जिम्मेदार (Jimmedar) Obedient Willing to follow rules or instructions বাধ্য (Badhyo) आज्ञाकारी (Agyakari) Respect A feeling of deep admiration শ্রদ্ধা (Sraddha) सम्मान (Samman) Elders People older than oneself বয়স্ক (Boyosko) बुजुर्ग (Buzurg) Develop To grow or cause to grow বিকাশ করা (Bikash Kora) विकसित करना (Vikasit Karna) Interest A feeling of wanting to know or learn about something আগ্রহ (Agroho) रुचि (Ruchi) Extracurricular Activities outside the regular curriculum অতিরিক্ত কার্যক্রম (Atirikto Karjokrom) पाठ्येतर (Paathetar) Games Activities done for amusement খেলা (Khela) खेल (Khel) Debating Discussing a topic formally বিতর্ক (Bitorko) बहस (Bahas) Athlete A person who is proficient in sports ক্রীড়াবিদ (Krira Bid) खिलाड़ी (Khiladi) Sportsman A person who participates in sports ক্রীড়াবিদ (Krira Bid) खिलाड़ी (Khiladi) Encourage To give support or confidence উৎসাহ দেওয়া (Utshah Dewa) प्रोत्साहित करना (Protsahit Karna) Achievement Something accomplished successfully অর্জন (Orjon) उपलब्धि (Uplabdhi) Medal An award given for a specific achievement পদক (Podok) पदक (Padak) Trophy A prize for victory ট্রফি (Trophy) ट्रॉफी (Trophy) Certificate An official document affirming achievement সনদপত্র (Sonodpotro) प्रमाण पत्र (Praman Patra) Broadly In a general way বিস্তৃতভাবে (Bistrit Bhabe) व्यापक रूप से (Vyaapak Roop Se) Shun To avoid or reject এড়ানো (Eṛano) बचना (Bachna) Conduct Behavior or way of acting আচরণ (Achoron) आचरण (Aacharan) Fairness Treating others equally ন্যায্যতা (Neyojjota) निष्पक्षता (Nishpakshata) Patriotism Love for one’s country দেশপ্রেম (Desh Prem) देशभक्ति (Deshbhakti) Nationalism Advocacy of political independence জাতীয়তাবাদ (Jatiyotabad) राष्ट्रवाद (Rashtravaad) Imbibe To absorb or assimilate আত্মসাৎ করা (Atmasat Kora) आत्मसात करना (Aatmasaat Karna) Translation: RECALLING SCHOOL DAYS / SCHOOL LIFE স্কুল জীবন একজন মানুষের জীবনের অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অধ্যায়। এই সময়েই মানুষ শিখতে শুরু করে কীভাবে সঠিকভাবে আচরণ করতে হয়, বিনয়ীভাবে কথা বলতে হয় এবং ভালো শিষ্টাচার চর্চা করতে হয়। স্কুল কেবল একাডেমিক শিক্ষার জন্য নয়, এটি জীবনের জন্য একটি প্রশিক্ষণ ক্ষেত্র। স্কুল আমাদের শেখায় কীভাবে শারীরিকভাবে ফিট থাকতে হয়, কীভাবে চিন্তার ক্ষমতা বাড়াতে হয় এবং চারপাশের পৃথিবীকে বুঝতে হয়। এটি একজনের চরিত্র, মন ও শরীরকে ইতিবাচকভাবে গড়ে তুলতে সাহায্য করে। আমার জন্য স্কুল জীবন ছিল সত্যিই বিশেষ। এটি ছিল এমন একটি সময় যখন আমার মস্তিষ্ক চিন্তা করতে এবং বিকশিত হতে প্রশিক্ষিত হচ্ছিল। সেই বছরগুলোতে শেখা পাঠগুলো, ভালো-মন্দ যাই হোক না কেন, আমার সঙ্গে থেকে গেছে। স্কুল আমাকে ভালো অভ্যাস গড়তে এবং যুক্তিসঙ্গতভাবে ভাবতে শিখিয়েছে। আমি আরও দায়িত্বশীল এবং বাধ্য হয়েছি। শিক্ষক এবং বয়োজ্যেষ্ঠদের প্রতি শ্রদ্ধা জানানো আমার জন্য একটি মূল মূল্যবোধ হয়ে উঠেছিল। আমি সবসময় আমার শিক্ষক এবং বাবা-মায়ের কথা শুনতাম, যা আমাকে একজন শৃঙ্খলাবদ্ধ ব্যক্তি হতে সাহায্য করেছিল। স্কুলে থাকাকালীন আমি খেলা, নাটক, বিতর্ক এবং আরও অনেক পাঠক্রম-বহির্ভূত কার্যকলাপের প্রতি ভালোবাসা তৈরি করেছিলাম। আমি আবিষ্কার করেছিলাম যে আমি বক্তৃতা, বিতর্ক এবং ক্রীড়ায় ভালো। একই সময়ে, আমি আমার পড়াশোনায় কঠোর পরিশ্রম করতাম এবং ক্লাসে ভালো করতাম। এই গুণাবলী আমার শিক্ষকদের এবং সহপাঠীদের প্রশংসা অর্জন করেছিল। আমার শিক্ষকরা সবসময় আমাকে সমর্থন করতেন এবং আমার সেরাটা দেওয়ার জন্য উৎসাহ দিতেন। আমি প্রচুর পদক, ট্রফি এবং সনদপত্র অর্জন করেছিলাম বলে প্রধান শিক্ষকসহ সব শিক্ষকই আমাকে পছন্দ করতেন। মোটকথা, স্কুল জীবন কেবল পড়াশোনা বা খেলার মধ্যে সীমাবদ্ধ নয়। এটি এমন একটি সময় যখন আমরা ভালো অভ্যাস গড়ে তুলি, খারাপ অভ্যাস এড়িয়ে চলি, ন্যায়পরায়ণতা এবং দয়া চর্চা করি এবং চিন্তাশীল ব্যক্তি হয়ে উঠি। এটি এমন একটি সময় যখন আমরা দেশপ্রেম এবং দেশের প্রতি ভালোবাসার মূল্যবোধ শিখি, যা আমাদের জীবনের বাকি সময় ধরে সঙ্গী থাকে।

Paragraph Writing PUNCTUALITY Punctuality means the habit of doing a thing at the right time. A punctual man gets ample time in his life. He can do many things. A punctual student learns his lessons in time and finds no difficulty in the examination. He never lags behind in the class. He can follow his lessons from beginning to end. It saves his time. He has not to labour so much. He need not work hard at the time of examination. He makes a better performance with a minimum amount of labour. Punctuality crowns him with brilliant success in life. An unpunctual man is an enemy to himself. He is a nuisance to everyone. He is disliked by all. He suffers for that. If he gives word to his friends and cannot keep it, he may lose his friends. An unpunctual clerk loses his job. An unpunctual man cannot even say his prayers in time. The habit of punctuality requires long careful training. So the habit should be practised quite early in life. Once the habit is formed its utility will be apparent in every sphere of life. So let us develop the habit of punctuality so that we can do the maximum work within the span of life. Composition / Essay Writing PUNCTUALITY Punctuality means the habit of doing a thing at the right time. A punctual man gets up at the right time in the morning. He takes has breakfast in time. He is never late in rising from bed and in attending to his duties. A punctual man gets ample time in his life. He can do many things. A punctual student learns his lessons in time and finds no difficulty in the examination. He never lags behind in the class. He can follow his lessons from beginning to end. It saves his time. He has not to labour so much. He need not work hard at the time of examination. He makes a better performance with a minimum amount of labour. Punctuality crowns him with brilliant success in life. Punctuality is of utmost importance in professional life. A doctor’s unpunctuality might mean the loss of a life and a lawyer’s unpunctuality might mean the ruin of his client and so on. To a businessman, punctuality is equally important. If he fails to be punctual in his appointments, his business might be paralysed and might suffer serious financial loss. On the other hand, a shop-keeper who opens his shops his shop punctually, has a regular supply of customers. As a result, his business prospers day by day. Lives of great men show that they were all punctual and their success in life was due to punctuality. An unpunctual man is an enemy to himself. He is a nuisance to everyone. He is disliked by all. He suffers for that. If he gives word to his friends and cannot keep it he may lose his friends. An unpunctual clerk loses his job. An unpunctual man cannot even say his prayers in time. The habit of punctuality requires long careful training. So the habit should be practised quite early in life. Once the habit is formed its utility will be apparent in every sphere of life. So let us develop the habit of punctuality so that we can do the maximum work within the span of life. PUNCTUALITY Introduction: Punctuality means to perform anything in the proper time. It is a virtue by dint of which one can succeed in life. The person who does a thing exactly at the proper time is said to be punctual. Punctuality is a good habit. It prompts us to do a thing at the proper time . It is the root of all success in life. Necessity: Our life is short and work is long. We should have to do a good deal of work in our short span of life. Time once gone is gone forever. So, it is only being punctual that we can do much work in our life. If anybody puts off his work for some other time, he cannot do it later because he will have to do some other work afterwards. He may store up work but he cannot store up time for future.   Punctuality in Student life: Every student should be punctual to follow his daily routine strictly. He should rise early in time, takes his breakfast, go to school and return home in time. He then must take his bath and meal in time, take rest and play while it is time to play and again sit to study while it is time to study. He should leave nothing undone for tomorrow because tomorrow is always tomorrow. Punctuality in professional life: Punctuality is of utmost importance in professional life. A doctor’s impunctuality might mean the loss of a life and a lawyer’s impunctuality might mean the ruin of his client and so on . If a postman delivers letters late, the people may miss many important appointment of interviews or a dying relative . Punctuality is the soul of business. If a businessman fails to be punctual in his appointments his business might be paralysed and might suffer serious financial loss. On the other hand a shop – keeper who opens his shop punctually has a regular supply of customers. As a result, his business prospers day by day. Habit of punctuality: Punctuality is a habit. But it is not an inborn quality. It is an acquired virtue. It is a great necessary in every walk of life. So it should be practised quite early in life. If this habit is acquired and developed at the early age, it remains everlasting. Absence of punctuality: Absence of punctuality can cause a lot of troubles. It brings worries and failures. If a person does not do his professional duty on time, he cannot achieve anything in his mission. For example, Napoleon Bonaparte lost the Battle of Waterloo because one of his generals failed to come to his help in time. An unpunctual student interrupts the class by his late arrival. An unpunctual chief guest keeps hundreds of the guests and hosts waiting. So, impunctuality is disturbing and harmful. If an unpunctual person gives word to his friends and cannot keep it, he may lose his friends. An unpunctual clerk may lose his job. In a word, he is a nuisance to everyone. Conclusion: Punctuality is the best means of saving us from overwork all an a sudden. We can enjoy a lot by being regular at work. So, we should strive towards perfection with perseverance and punctuality. PUNCTUALITY : AN ESSENTIAL QUALITY OF LIFE Punctuality means keeping exact time in respect of all work and appointment. In a wider sense it denotes the habit of doing a thing in its exact time. It is a virtue by which one can make proper use of time and rise to eminence. Punctuality is the process for proper utilisation of time. If a man is punctual he does every work at the appropriate hour. He does not miss an appointment. he is not late in office, he does not put off things for tomorrow. Thus he utilizes every minute of his time and enjoys joys a pride of performance. If a man, on the other hand. is not punctual he gets up late in the morning. He misses to do many things at the right time. If a student is not punctual, he puts off his lessons, he goes to school late, he does not get any room on the front benches, he fails to follow the teacher from behind the class, he is held in disrepute. When the examination comes he crams things and fares very ill in the examination. An unpunctual man cannot complete his day's work. For not being punctual he is fated to be doomed. Thus the utility of punctuality cannot be overstated. Punctuality is a habit. If a man is habituated in keeping time he never becomes unpunctual. We can do things at the exact hours if we want to. In this respect we can get lessons. from the lives of great men. They were punctual in their round of work and that was the secret of their rising to greatness. One should form the habit of being punctual from one's childhood. We can learn it at home from our parents, at school from our teachers and in society from our superiors. Everybody should take care to become punctual in life.                                                   PUNCTUALITY What punctuality means:  Punctuality means the habit of doing a thing at the right time. A punctual man gets up at the right time in the morning. He takes his breakfast in time. He is never late in rising from bed and in attending to his duties.   Punctuality, a habit:  Punctuality is a habit. We can do things at the right time if we want to. But it is not an easy matter. It is easier to loiter and kill time. It is much easier to put things off and say, “We will do it tomorrow.” In these way we get into bed habits easily. It is easy to form a habit but difficult to get out of it. We must be careful to do a thing at the right moment. The best motto to keep before us is: Do it now. We must try to learn the habit of observing punctuality from the very beginning of our lives.   Punctuality brings success:  A punctual man gets ample time in his life. He can do many things. A punctual student learns his lessons in time and finds no difficulty in the examination. He never legs behind in the class. He can follow his lessons from beginning to end. It saves his time. He has not to labour so much. He need not work hard at the time of examination. He makes a better performance with a minimum amount of labour. Punctuality crowns him with brilliant success in life. Importance of punctuality in professional life: Punctuality is of utmost importance in professional life. A doctor’s unpunctuality might mean the loss of a life and a lawyer’s unpunctuality might mean the ruin of his client and so on. To a businessman, punctuality is equally important. If he fails to be punctual in his appointments, his business might be paralysed and might suffer serious financial loss. On the other hand, a shop-keeper who opens his shop punctually, has a regular supply of customers. As a result, his business prospers day by day. Lives of great men show that they were all punctual and their success in life was due to punctuality. An unpunctual man suffers:  An unpunctual man is an enemy of himself. He is a nuisance to everyone. He is disliked by all. He suffers for that. If he gives word to his friends and cannot keep it he may lose his friends. An unpunctual clerk loses his job. An unpunctual man cannot even say his prayers in time.   Conclusion:  The habit of punctuality requires long and careful training. So the habit should be practised quite early in life. Once the habit is forms its utility will be apparent in every sphere of life. So let us develop the habit of punctuality so that we can do the maximum work within the short span of life. PUNCTUALITY Punctuality is a fundamental aspect of personal and professional conduct, reflecting an individual's respect for time and commitment. It encompasses the habit of arriving or completing tasks at the designated time, thereby demonstrating reliability, responsibility, and integrity. Punctuality is not merely about being on time; it encompasses a deeper understanding of the value of time and its implications on productivity, efficiency, and relationships. In professional settings, punctuality is highly prized as it fosters a positive work culture and enhances organizational effectiveness. Employees who consistently arrive on time demonstrate dedication to their roles and contribute to a cohesive and efficient work environment. Meetings, deadlines, and project timelines rely on punctuality to ensure smooth operations and successful outcomes. Conversely, habitual tardiness can disrupt workflow, undermine teamwork, and erode trust among colleagues and superiors. Moreover, punctuality is closely linked to professionalism and reputation. Individuals who are consistently punctual are perceived as dependable, trustworthy, and respectful of others' time. This can have a significant impact on career advancement opportunities, as employers are more likely to value and reward employees who demonstrate punctuality and reliability. Conversely, a reputation for tardiness can tarnish one's professional image and hinder career prospects. Beyond the workplace, punctuality plays a crucial role in personal relationships and social interactions. Arriving late to appointments, gatherings, or events can convey a lack of consideration for others' time and may strain relationships. Conversely, being punctual demonstrates thoughtfulness, reliability, and respect for others' schedules, strengthening interpersonal bonds and fostering positive interactions. Cultivating punctuality requires self-discipline, organization, and a proactive approach to managing time effectively. Setting realistic goals, prioritizing tasks, and planning ahead can help individuals allocate their time efficiently and avoid unnecessary delays. Additionally, developing a mindset that values punctuality as a core principle can foster a habit of timeliness in both professional and personal endeavors. While occasional unforeseen circumstances may arise that impede punctuality, proactive communication and accountability can mitigate the impact of such situations. Informing relevant parties promptly and taking steps to minimize disruptions can help mitigate any negative consequences of delays and uphold one's commitment to punctuality. In conclusion, punctuality is a virtue that transcends mere adherence to schedules; it reflects one's attitude, professionalism, and respect for others. Whether in the workplace, social settings, or personal relationships, punctuality fosters efficiency, reliability, and trust. By cultivating the habit of punctuality and valuing the importance of time, individuals can enhance their effectiveness, build positive relationships, and achieve success in various aspects of life. The Value of Punctuality in Our Life Punctuality is highly regarded as one of the most esteemed virtues in society. It signifies a person's ability to perform tasks at the right time, reflecting civility and culture. One of the foremost benefits of punctuality is its contribution to discipline in life. It counteracts laziness and eradicates a laid-back attitude. A disciplined individual gains respect and acceptance in social circles, thereby fostering social harmony. Moreover, punctuality allows sufficient time for tasks to be executed correctly and effectively. Rushing or handling tasks haphazardly can lead to adverse outcomes. When tasks are completed on time, they are more likely to be accomplished with excellence. Punctuality is often considered a key to success. Many renowned leaders, such as Washington, attribute their achievements to punctuality. Instances from history highlight how lack of punctuality has led to missed opportunities, defeats, and significant losses, like Napoleon's delayed arrival impacting the Battle of Waterloo. When individuals are not punctual, they inconvenience others and waste their time. This lack of consideration reflects poorly on their character and manners. Cultivating punctuality requires persistent effort and practice. It involves overcoming laziness, embracing discipline, and making sacrifices. Not everyone naturally possesses this virtue; it must be nurtured diligently through consistent practice. In conclusion, punctuality stands as a pillar of civilized behavior and personal success. It demands dedication and discipline but ultimately leads to efficient use of time, respect in society, and the fulfillment of personal and professional goals. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Presidential Government and Parliamentary Government A lot has been said about different types of governments, like presidential and parliamentary systems. Both are common nowadays, but neither is perfect. In a presidential system, one person holds most of the power, while in a parliamentary system, power is shared among many. In a presidential setup, decisions are mainly made by one person, whereas in a parliamentary one, multiple people are involved. In a parliamentary system, the government reflects public opinion more directly, whereas in a presidential system, it's the preferences of one individual that matter most. In a parliamentary system, if most people are not well-educated about their responsibilities and rights, it's hard to have an effective government that serves everyone. However, in a presidential system, if the president is responsible and careful, citizens can benefit more and have their rights protected. Even in countries that claim to be fully democratic, they sometimes borrow elements from the presidential system. In our country, we have a parliamentary government, but what matters most is the progress and development of the nation, rather than debating endlessly about the type of government we have. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing Presidential Government and Parliamentary Government Presidential and parliamentary governments are two main systems of governing a country. Each has its own structure, powers, and ways of functioning. In a presidential government, the president is the head of state and government. This system is common in countries like the United States. The president is elected directly by the people or through an electoral system. In this system, the president is separate from the legislature, which makes the laws. The president has the power to make decisions independently, appoint officials, and implement policies. However, checks and balances exist to prevent misuse of power. The president cannot be removed easily except through impeachment. This system ensures stability because the executive branch is not dependent on the legislature for its survival. In contrast, a parliamentary government combines the executive and legislative branches. Countries like the United Kingdom and India follow this system. In a parliamentary government, the prime minister is the head of government, while the head of state is usually a president or monarch with limited powers. The prime minister is chosen from the majority party or coalition in the parliament. The government is directly accountable to the parliament, which means that if the prime minister loses the support of the majority, they can be removed through a vote of no confidence. This system allows flexibility, as it is easier to replace the leader if needed. However, it can lead to instability if no party has a clear majority. Both systems have their advantages and disadvantages. A presidential government provides strong leadership and continuity, but it may become rigid and less adaptable. On the other hand, a parliamentary government offers flexibility and close cooperation between the branches, but it may face instability and frequent changes in leadership. In summary, the choice between a presidential and parliamentary system depends on a country's history, culture, and political needs. Both systems aim to govern effectively while representing the will of the people. Bangla Translation রাষ্ট্রপতিশাসিত সরকার এবং সংসদীয় সরকার রাষ্ট্রপতিশাসিত এবং সংসদীয় সরকার দুটি প্রধান ব্যবস্থা যা একটি দেশ পরিচালনা করে। প্রতিটির নিজস্ব কাঠামো, ক্ষমতা এবং কার্যকারিতা রয়েছে। রাষ্ট্রপতিশাসিত সরকারে রাষ্ট্রপতি হলেন রাষ্ট্র ও সরকার প্রধান। এই ব্যবস্থা মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের মতো দেশে প্রচলিত। রাষ্ট্রপতি সরাসরি জনগণের দ্বারা বা নির্বাচনী ব্যবস্থার মাধ্যমে নির্বাচিত হন। এই ব্যবস্থায় রাষ্ট্রপতি আইনসভা থেকে পৃথক, যা আইন প্রণয়ন করে। রাষ্ট্রপতির স্বাধীনভাবে সিদ্ধান্ত নেওয়ার, কর্মকর্তা নিয়োগ করার এবং নীতি বাস্তবায়নের ক্ষমতা রয়েছে। তবে, ক্ষমতার অপব্যবহার রোধ করার জন্য নিয়ন্ত্রণ এবং ভারসাম্য বিদ্যমান। অভিশংসনের মাধ্যমে ছাড়া রাষ্ট্রপতিকে সহজে অপসারণ করা যায় না। এই ব্যবস্থা স্থিতিশীলতা নিশ্চিত করে কারণ নির্বাহী শাখা তার টিকে থাকার জন্য আইনসভার উপর নির্ভরশীল নয়। বিপরীতে, একটি সংসদীয় সরকার নির্বাহী এবং আইনসভা শাখাগুলিকে একত্রিত করে। যুক্তরাজ্য এবং ভারতের মতো দেশগুলি এই ব্যবস্থা অনুসরণ করে। সংসদীয় সরকারে, প্রধানমন্ত্রী হলেন সরকারপ্রধান, যেখানে রাষ্ট্রপ্রধান সাধারণত সীমিত ক্ষমতা সম্পন্ন রাষ্ট্রপতি বা রাজা হন। প্রধানমন্ত্রী সংসদে সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠ দল বা জোট থেকে নির্বাচিত হন। সরকার সরাসরি সংসদের কাছে দায়বদ্ধ, যার অর্থ হল যদি প্রধানমন্ত্রী সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠদের সমর্থন হারান, তাহলে অনাস্থা ভোটের মাধ্যমে তাদের অপসারণ করা যেতে পারে। এই ব্যবস্থা নমনীয়তা প্রদান করে, কারণ প্রয়োজনে নেতাকে প্রতিস্থাপন করা সহজ। তবে, যদি কোনও দলের স্পষ্ট সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠতা না থাকে তবে এটি অস্থিতিশীলতার দিকে নিয়ে যেতে পারে। উভয় ব্যবস্থারই নিজস্ব সুবিধা এবং অসুবিধা রয়েছে। একটি রাষ্ট্রপতি সরকার শক্তিশালী নেতৃত্ব এবং ধারাবাহিকতা প্রদান করে, তবে এটি অনমনীয় এবং কম অভিযোজিত হতে পারে। অন্যদিকে, একটি সংসদীয় সরকার শাখাগুলির মধ্যে নমনীয়তা এবং ঘনিষ্ঠ সহযোগিতা প্রদান করে, তবে এটি অস্থিরতা এবং নেতৃত্বে ঘন ঘন পরিবর্তনের মুখোমুখি হতে পারে। সংক্ষেপে, একটি রাষ্ট্রপতি এবং সংসদীয় ব্যবস্থার মধ্যে পছন্দ একটি দেশের ইতিহাস, সংস্কৃতি এবং রাজনৈতিক চাহিদার উপর নির্ভর করে। উভয় ব্যবস্থার লক্ষ্য জনগণের ইচ্ছার প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে কার্যকরভাবে শাসন করা। Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Problems of Higher Education in Bangladesh Higher education refers to education beyond the secondary level especially education provided by a college or university. Accessibility to higher education implies that students get the opportunity to get university education and sufficient support from educational institutions. Increasing enrolment at the secondary and higher secondary level puts pressure on higher educational institutions. There are only handful universities in our country. Due to limited capacity, only a small number of students may be enrolled in universities. Thus, each year a large number of students are denied access to higher education. Also, due to poverty and increase in educational expenses, students of the lower middle class do not get easy access to higher education. Only about 12 percent of graduates enter higher educational institutions. More than 80 percent of these students are admitted to NU affiliated colleges. Others are absorbed by the public and private universities. Most universities cannot offer a wide range of subjects. Library, laboratory, Internet and research facilities are not satisfactory. Seminars, symposiums, lectures, workshops, debates, and exhibitions are hardly held in these institutions and there is not much scope for national and international exposure for promising young knowledge seekers. This problem may be impossible to solve overnight but it can be lessen gradually. The number of universities must be increased in this regard. The poor students should have the accessibility like others. Moreover, the facilities of educational sectors should be increased and upgraded. The govt. should take the responsibility steps to solve the problems. Besides, we all should be aware of this.   Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing Problems of Higher Education in Bangladesh Higher education in Bangladesh plays a crucial role in shaping the future of students and the development of the nation. However, this sector faces several challenges that hinder its progress and effectiveness. One of the major problems is the limited access to higher education. Public universities have a limited number of seats, making it difficult for many qualified students to secure admission. Although private universities provide alternatives, they are often too expensive for middle- and lower-income families. Another issue is the quality of education. While some universities maintain high academic standards, many institutions lack proper infrastructure, modern facilities, and qualified teachers. Outdated curriculums and teaching methods often fail to prepare students for the demands of the job market. Additionally, research opportunities are limited due to a lack of funding and resources. Political unrest and session jams are common problems in public universities. Strikes and conflicts delay academic schedules, causing students to lose valuable time. This disrupts the flow of education and often demotivates students. The higher education sector also faces challenges related to unemployment among graduates. Many students, even after completing their degrees, struggle to find jobs due to a mismatch between their skills and market demands. This is often due to insufficient focus on practical and job-oriented education. Lack of regulation in private universities is another concern. Some private institutions prioritize profit over quality, resulting in substandard education. These universities sometimes operate without proper approval or accreditation, affecting the credibility of their degrees. Finally, there is an issue of inequality in access to higher education. Students from rural areas face more challenges due to a lack of quality colleges and universities in their regions. They also face difficulties in competing with urban students who have access to better resources. To address these problems, the government and educational institutions need to work together to improve infrastructure, regulate private universities, modernize curriculums, and provide scholarships for underprivileged students. Without addressing these challenges, the goal of a skilled and educated workforce in Bangladesh will remain unfulfilled. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing PRIZE GIVING CEREMONY OF MY COLLEGE The last prize giving ceremony of our college is still very fresh in my memory. It was held on the first week of February last year. The DC of our district had consented to preside over the occasion. We decorated our college premises with flowers and festoons. When the DC arrived he was accorded guard of honour by the BNCC of our college. The proceedings began with the holy Quran Telawat. Then our national anthem was sung when all of us kept standing up. The principal read out his annual report. He recalled the progress that had been carried through during the past years, the achievements of our present and ex-students in various fields of activity. Then the main ceremony began. The principal called each recipient of award by name, announced the subject in which the award was made and the place of honour he occupied. I got two prizes -one for my standing first in the last annual examination and the other in sports. When the prizes were awarded, the cheering crowd greeted the recipients with applause which was loud enough to be heard miles away. With the complimentary speech of the president, the function came to an end. When I remember the day I feel very happy and wish to have the day again so that I can get prizes. Model Answer-2 Prize-Giving Ceremony of My College The prize-giving ceremony is one of the most exciting and memorable events in our college. It is a day of celebration, recognition, and joy for both students and teachers. This year, the ceremony was held in our college auditorium, which was beautifully decorated with banners, flowers, and colorful lights. The program started in the morning with the arrival of the chief guest, a respected local leader. Our principal welcomed everyone with a warm speech, highlighting the importance of hard work and dedication in achieving success. Students, parents, and teachers filled the hall, eagerly waiting for the event to begin. The ceremony started with a cultural performance by the students. They sang songs, performed dances, and acted in a short drama, which entertained everyone and set the mood for the event. After that, the prize distribution began. Students who excelled in academics, sports, and extracurricular activities were called on stage to receive their prizes. Medals, trophies, and certificates were handed out to the winners. It was heartwarming to see the joy on the faces of the students as they proudly accepted their awards. Our teachers also received recognition for their efforts in guiding us. The chief guest gave an inspiring speech, encouraging us to work hard and aim for excellence in all aspects of life. He reminded us that success comes with perseverance and discipline. His words motivated everyone in the audience. The ceremony ended with a vote of thanks from one of the senior students. We all left the auditorium feeling proud and inspired. The event not only celebrated our achievements but also strengthened the bond between students, teachers, and parents. The prize-giving ceremony of our college is always a special occasion, reminding us of the value of hard work and the joy of being recognized for our efforts. It is a day we will cherish forever. Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing Prize Giving Ceremony of Your School The prize giving day is the most remarkable and happiest day for us in our school life. We pass the day very happily. This year the prize giving ceremony was held on the 15th of March. In the morning of that day we were very busy to decorate the school building. The main gate was decorated with green leaves, garlands and flags. The school hall was well decorated with green leaves, coloured papers, flags, and flowers. The stage of the hall was decorated with beautiful screens. Some seats were kept reserved for the invited guests. We, the students had to take our seats in the hall half an hour before the time. The Headmaster and the Secretary were waiting at the gate to receive the chief guest. In the mean time, many guar­dians and respectable gentlemen attended the meeting. We invited the Education Minister as the chief guest of the occasion. He came in time. The Secretary and the Headmaster of the school received him cordially. Then he was taken to his seat. He was garlanded by two fair-looking girls of class VI. The meeting started at 3 p.m. A verse from the holy Ouran was recited by a girl of class VII. Then the Headmaster read-out the annual report of the school. After this, some boys and girls recited selected poems, both in English and in Bengali. Some students sang songs. The chief guest was glad to hear all these. Then the distribution of prizes began. The Headmaster called out the names of prize-winners one by one. The students took the prizes from the chief guest and saluted him. I got one prize for my good result. After this, the chief guest delivered a short but significant speech. Then the Headmaster ended the meeting with a vote of thanks to the chief guest and all other guests. A prize giving ceremony is a source of great pleasure and joy. It broadens our outlook. It should be observed in all schools for the interest of the students. THE PRIZE GIVING CEREMONY OF YOUR SCHOOL Every year the students and teachers of our school and many respectable ladies and gentlemen including the guardians of the students assemble in the central hall / auditorium of the school building to witness the distribution of the prizes among the deserving students. It is a grand occasion for all of the students and teachers as well. This year we had such an occasion celebrating the prize giving ceremony.   It was in the month of February. A day was fixed for the award of these to the happy winners. We who did not win any of these were no less happy, for anything that contributed to the glory of our institution was matter of rejoicing for all us. The Inspector of the Schools himself had consented to preside out the occasion. So we set about decorating the premises, and the artists among us were soon busy mapping out the designs to be followed. Not only the winners of prizes but all students were busily engaged in decorating the building. Green leaves with numerous garlands of various colours were set all round. Gates were erected to welcome the visitors. The hall was decorated with evergreens, flags and festoons. Flower pots with bouquets of roses were placed on the table just in front of the President’s chair. The flowers and festoons artistically laid out gave a gala appearance to the whole scene. The ceremony was fixed to start at 4 P. M. By then everything was spick and span.   Attendance: By there-thirty the invited guests began to come in. The volunteers with their distinctive badges were all attention. They guided the distinguished guests to the seats specially reserved for them. The guardians of the students were seated in the rows allotted to them. The back seats and the side spaces were crowded by the students, who were in their merriest mood. As the seats filled up, there was a hubbub of subdued voice; men and woman talked with each other and exchanged greeting and comments. Punctually at four the President came in. The students provided the guard of honour, and made a brave show of it. The Headmaster and the teachers conducted him to the seat of honour. A loud burst of cheering welcomed him as he took his seat, and he bowed his acknowledgments. We could see his face wreathed in smiles as he spoke to those around him.   The proceeding began with the singing of the national anthem. All of us standing as the solemn music rose. The Headmaster then read his report. He recounted the developments that had been carried through during the past year, the achievements of our ex-students in various fields of activity, and of our present students in their studies as well as in games and athletics. He also spoke earnestly about many difficulties which faced the institution-lack of funds, lack of building space, undesirable over-crowding in the classes, absence of opportunities to bring out the best that was in each one of us. He made a moving appeal to the Government and the public not to treat education as a subject of lesser importance than any other, for on it depended the fate of the future generations and the welfare of the country s a whole. There was a burning sincerity in his speech which went straight into the heart of the audience.   Then the main ceremony began. The Headmaster called each recipient by name, announced the subject in which the award was made and the place of honour occupied. The winners of the topmost award were vigorously cheered by all, while their friends shouted words of good-humoured encouragement, not unmixed with some of chaff. The sportsmen, I could see, were by far the most popular. When the colours were awarded, the cheering was loud enough to be heard for miles. It was obvious that those who cheered were no less happy than those who received the prizes and medals, for the winners were somewhat shy and ill-at-ease with the burden of new distinction, but the cheers were entirely uninhibited.   The distribution of prizes and medals over, the President rose to speak. He congratulated the Institution, the teachers, the students, and in fact every body on the good work done in the past year. In a very simple and impressive language he encouraged the winners of success, but at the same time warned them not to be overjoyed. He appreciated that the best was always achieved by mutual co-operation. He spoke a few words of consolation to those who could not win prizes. He advised them not to lose heart, but to make greater efforts to win them next year. He hopped that the Headmaster’s appeal for help from the people and the State would not go unheeded. He gave the students valuable advice which certainly did not fall on deaf ears. And then came the most welcome announcement: the least that he could to express his appreciation was to grant us all a day’s holiday, which we received with great joy and loud cheers. With the customary vote of thanks proposed by the senior-most teacher and seconded by the most brilliant student, and with a concluding song suited to the occasion the ceremony drew to a close. All the students of the school as well as the invited guests were treated to a light refreshment when the function was over. The cheering were tumultuous; and slowly, the evening faded into darkness, the gathering broke up and dispersed. It was quite an enjoyable evening. It will remain an unforgettable event in my life.   THE PRIZE GIVING CEREMONY OF YOUR SCHOOL Every year the students and teachers of our school and many respectable ladies and gentlemen including the guardians of the students assemble in the central hall / auditorium of the school building to witness the distribution of the prizes among the deserving students. It is a grand occasion for all of the students and teachers as well. This year we had such an occasion celebrating the prize giving ceremony.   It was in the month of February. A day was fixed for giving award to the happy winners in different activities. The Inspector of the Schools himself had consented to preside over the occasion. So we set about decorating the premises. Green leaves with numerous garlands of various colours were set all round. Gates were erected to welcome the visitors. The hall was decorated with evergreens, flags and festoons. Flower pots with bouquets of roses were placed on the table just in front of the President’s chair. The flowers and festoons artistically laid out gave a gala appearance to the whole scene. The ceremony was fixed to start at 4 P. M. By then everything was spick and span.   By three-thirty the invited guests began to come in. The volunteers with their distinctive badges were all attention. As the seats filled up, there was a hubbub of subdued voice; men and women talked with each other and exchanged greeting and comments. Punctually at four the President came in. The students provided the guard of honour, and made a brave show of it. The Headmaster and the teachers conducted him to the seat of honour. A loud burst of cheering welcomed him as he took his seat, and he bowed his acknowledgments. We could see his face wreathed in smiles as he spoke to those around him.   The proceeding began with the singing of the national anthem. All of us standing as the solemn music rose. The Headmaster then read his report. He recounted the developments that had been carried through during the past year, the achievements of our ex-students in various fields of activity, and of our present students in their studies as well as in games and athletics. He also spoke earnestly about many difficulties which faced the institution. There was a burning sincerity in his speech which went straight into the heart of the audience.   Then the main ceremony began. The Headmaster called each recipient by name, announced the subject in which the award was made and the place of honour occupied. The winners of the topmost award were vigorously cheered by all. It was obvious that those who cheered were no less happy than those who received the prizes and medals. The distribution of prizes and medals over, the President rose to speak. He congratulated the Institution, the teachers, the students, and in fact every body on the good work. In a very simple and impressive language he encouraged the winners of success, but at the same time warned them not to be overjoyed. He spoke a few words of consolation to those who could not win prizes. He advised them not to lose heart, but to make greater efforts to win them next year. He gave the students valuable advice which certainly did not fall on deaf ears. And then came the most welcome announcement: the least that he could to express his appreciation was to grant us all a day’s holiday, which we received with great joy and loud cheers.   All the students of the school as well as the invited guests were treated to a light refreshment when the function was over. The cheering was tumultuous; and slowly, the evening faded into darkness, the gathering broke up and dispersed. It was quite an enjoyable evening. It will remain an unforgettable event in my life. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Private University and Public University Education is very important for a country. There are two main types of universities where people can get educated: public and private. Public universities are open to everyone, but it can be hard to get in because there is a lot of competition. Private universities, on the other hand, are easier to get into, but they cost a lot of money. Public universities usually have lower tuition fees. Nowadays, private universities are becoming more popular because of privatization. Public universities, however, face many problems. Student politics can make it hard for students to finish their studies on time, causing delays in their education. This makes private universities seem more attractive to smart and capable students. Public universities are usually bigger and need government support to run. In poorer countries, the government might not be able to provide everything the universities need. This leads to private universities attracting students with promises of better facilities and opportunities. Even though private universities are becoming more popular, they still have limitations. Both public and private universities should focus on providing quality education, rather than just making money. Both types of universities play an important role in educating the nation. In conclusion, education is vital for a country's development. Public and private universities each have their own strengths and weaknesses, but both are important for providing education to people. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing Private University and Public University in Bangladesh In Bangladesh, higher education is provided by both public and private universities. Each type of university has its own advantages and challenges, catering to different needs of students. Public universities in Bangladesh are government-funded and generally offer affordable education. Renowned public universities like Dhaka University, BUET, and Jahangirnagar University have a long history of excellence. These institutions have highly qualified faculty, large campuses, and strong academic traditions. However, admission to public universities is very competitive, as they have limited seats. Public universities often face challenges like session jams due to political unrest or administrative delays, which can extend the duration of academic programs. On the other hand, private universities in Bangladesh have emerged as an alternative for students who cannot secure admission to public universities or prefer more flexible academic schedules. Private universities like North South University, BRAC University, and East West University offer modern facilities, English-based curriculums, and shorter academic durations. These institutions focus on job-oriented education and often collaborate with international universities. However, private universities are more expensive, which can be a barrier for many students. Additionally, not all private universities maintain the same standard of education, and some are criticized for prioritizing profit over quality. Both types of universities play an important role in the country’s education system. Public universities produce graduates with strong theoretical knowledge and a sense of tradition, while private universities focus on practical skills and market needs. To ensure quality education, the government monitors and regulates universities through organizations like the University Grants Commission (UGC). In conclusion, both public and private universities in Bangladesh have their strengths and weaknesses. Public universities are affordable and prestigious, but they face issues like session jams. Private universities are more flexible and modern, but they are expensive. Together, they provide opportunities for higher education to a wide range of students, contributing to the country’s development.

Paragraph Writing Composition / Essay Writing Present Life Is Better Than the Life of 30 Years Ago Changes are inevitable and over time the way of people live changes and so do the culture and tradition of a country. There is no doubt that today’s life is easier and more convenient than the past. By entering and blooming technology, the life’s style of people has improved remarkably. At present, people have access to many resources better than past, and they can get in touch easier than before. People used to live in individual houses rather than in apartments. No tall building or big shopping complex could be found in the downtown area of the city. Nowadays, you can find skyscrapers where people live and run their business and offices around the city. At present technology has made houses cozier and more comfortable. Nowadays many people are benefiting from clean and convenient gas distribution system in their houses and they experience warm and peaceful winters in their houses. People had to do their laundry by hand, walked from one place to another by feet. They could at best listen to the radio or perhaps watch a black-and­white movie for pleasure. Today, we launder our clothes with washing machine, uses buses, subways, or cars to move around. We also enjoy home theater systems, DVDs, and video games. Previously people had to work in the field all day long without any modern tool even without resting on weekends. But people today have more leisure time than they did before. They go to the movies, go to the gym, or take trips. All these activities have positive effect on their quality of living. There is scarcely anyone who does not use a smart phone and have the Internet connection. Things were different in the past. In the early 1980’s computers were unknown to people while this is a very common device in every household these days. Younger generation use social media to know what is happening around the world with just one simple click. Many people now have the automobiles though most people had to rely on public transportations before. In conclusion, I have witnessed many changes in terms of people’s lifestyle in my country and those changes include family structure, people’s acceptance of technological development, increasing competition and loosely social bonding. People today have more comfortable and easier lives than in the past. This is the results of technological developments and the extra leisure time available. These factors will make our live even more comfortable in the future. Present Life Is Better Than Life 30 Years Ago The notion that present life is better than life 30 years ago is a sentiment echoed by many, and rightfully so. With advancements in technology, healthcare, education, and quality of life, the world has experienced significant improvements that have positively impacted the lives of billions. From increased life expectancy to enhanced connectivity and convenience, the present era offers a level of comfort and opportunity that was unimaginable just a few decades ago. One of the most noticeable improvements in present life compared to 30 years ago is in the realm of technology. The rapid pace of technological innovation has revolutionized nearly every aspect of our daily lives. The advent of the internet and mobile technology has transformed the way we communicate, work, and access information. Today, we can connect with people across the globe instantaneously, access vast amounts of knowledge with a few clicks, and conduct business from virtually anywhere. These advancements have not only increased efficiency and productivity but have also opened up new avenues for creativity and collaboration. Healthcare is another area where significant progress has been made over the past three decades. Advances in medical research, diagnostic techniques, and treatments have led to dramatic improvements in health outcomes and life expectancy. Diseases that were once considered incurable are now manageable, and in some cases, entirely preventable. Additionally, public health initiatives and improved sanitation have helped to reduce the prevalence of infectious diseases and improve overall well-being. Education has also seen remarkable advancements in the past 30 years. Access to quality education has expanded, thanks to developments in distance learning, online resources, and educational technology. Students today have access to a wealth of educational materials and opportunities that were previously unavailable. Furthermore, the emphasis on lifelong learning and skill development has empowered individuals to pursue their passions and interests beyond traditional academic boundaries. Moreover, the quality of life has improved in many parts of the world, with advancements in infrastructure, urban planning, and standards of living. Access to clean water, sanitation, and electricity has become more widespread, improving public health and living conditions. Additionally, economic growth and globalization have led to increased prosperity and job opportunities, lifting millions out of poverty and providing a higher standard of living for many. While it is undeniable that present life offers many advantages over life 30 years ago, it is essential to acknowledge that challenges still exist. Issues such as inequality, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions continue to pose significant threats to global progress and stability. However, the advancements made in recent decades provide a solid foundation upon which to address these challenges and create a more equitable and sustainable future. In conclusion, the present era offers unparalleled opportunities and advancements that have greatly improved the quality of life compared to 30 years ago. From technological innovation to healthcare breakthroughs and improvements in education and standards of living, the world has made remarkable progress. While challenges remain, the achievements of the past few decades serve as a testament to human ingenuity and resilience, providing hope for a brighter future for generations to come. Translation: বর্তমান জীবন ৩০ বছর আগের জীবন থেকে উন্নত বর্তমান জীবন যে ৩০ বছর আগের তুলনায় উন্নত, এটি অনেকেই স্বীকার করেন, এবং যথার্থভাবেই। প্রযুক্তি, স্বাস্থ্যসেবা, শিক্ষা এবং জীবনমানের উন্নতির কারণে বিশ্বজুড়ে অসংখ্য মানুষের জীবনে ইতিবাচক পরিবর্তন এসেছে। দীর্ঘায়ু, সহজ যোগাযোগ এবং সুবিধাজনক জীবনযাপন আজকের যুগে এমন এক আরাম ও সুযোগ দিয়েছে, যা কয়েক দশক আগেও কল্পনাতীত ছিল। প্রযুক্তি খাতে বর্তমান জীবনের অন্যতম লক্ষণীয় অগ্রগতি ঘটেছে। প্রযুক্তিগত উদ্ভাবনের দ্রুত গতিতে আমাদের দৈনন্দিন জীবনের প্রায় প্রতিটি ক্ষেত্র পাল্টে গেছে। ইন্টারনেট এবং মোবাইল প্রযুক্তির আবির্ভাব যোগাযোগ, কাজ এবং তথ্যের প্রবেশাধিকারে বৈপ্লবিক পরিবর্তন এনেছে। আজ আমরা পৃথিবীর যে কোনো প্রান্তে মুহূর্তেই যোগাযোগ করতে পারি, কয়েকটি ক্লিকেই বিপুল জ্ঞান অর্জন করতে পারি এবং যে কোনো স্থান থেকে ব্যবসা পরিচালনা করতে পারি। এসব উন্নতি কেবল দক্ষতা এবং উৎপাদনশীলতা বাড়ায়নি, বরং সৃজনশীলতা এবং সহযোগিতার নতুন দিগন্তও উন্মোচন করেছে। স্বাস্থ্যসেবা খাতে গত তিন দশকে অভূতপূর্ব অগ্রগতি হয়েছে। চিকিৎসা গবেষণা, রোগ নির্ণয় এবং চিকিৎসা পদ্ধতিতে উন্নতির ফলে স্বাস্থ্য ফলাফল এবং গড় আয়ু উল্লেখযোগ্যভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে। যে সব রোগ একসময় অপ্রতিরোধ্য মনে করা হতো, সেগুলো এখন নিয়ন্ত্রণযোগ্য বা প্রতিরোধযোগ্য হয়েছে। জনস্বাস্থ্য উদ্যোগ এবং উন্নত স্যানিটেশন ব্যবস্থার কারণে সংক্রামক রোগের প্রাদুর্ভাব কমেছে এবং সামগ্রিকভাবে মানুষের স্বাস্থ্য ভালো হয়েছে। শিক্ষার ক্ষেত্রেও গত ৩০ বছরে অসাধারণ অগ্রগতি হয়েছে। দূরশিক্ষা, অনলাইন সংস্থান এবং শিক্ষাগত প্রযুক্তির উন্নতির ফলে মানসম্পন্ন শিক্ষার সুযোগ ব্যাপকভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে। বর্তমান শিক্ষার্থীরা এমন বিপুল শিক্ষাসামগ্রী ও সুযোগ পাচ্ছে, যা আগে অকল্পনীয় ছিল। এছাড়া, আজীবন শেখার প্রবণতা এবং দক্ষতা উন্নয়নের ওপর গুরুত্বারোপের ফলে মানুষ তাদের আগ্রহ ও পছন্দ অনুযায়ী নতুন দক্ষতা অর্জন করতে পারছে। জীবনযাত্রার মানও অনেক অঞ্চলে উন্নত হয়েছে। অবকাঠামো, নগর পরিকল্পনা এবং জীবনযাত্রার মান উন্নতির ফলে পরিষ্কার পানি, স্যানিটেশন এবং বিদ্যুৎ সরবরাহ ব্যাপকভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে। অর্থনৈতিক প্রবৃদ্ধি এবং বিশ্বায়নের ফলে বহু মানুষ দারিদ্র্য থেকে মুক্তি পেয়েছে এবং অনেকের জীবনমান উন্নত হয়েছে। যদিও বর্তমান জীবনে ৩০ বছর আগের তুলনায় অনেক সুবিধা রয়েছে, তবুও চ্যালেঞ্জগুলো রয়ে গেছে। বৈষম্য, পরিবেশগত অবক্ষয় এবং ভূ-রাজনৈতিক উত্তেজনার মতো বিষয়গুলো এখনও বৈশ্বিক অগ্রগতি ও স্থিতিশীলতার জন্য হুমকি। তবে সাম্প্রতিক দশকগুলোর অগ্রগতি আমাদের এই চ্যালেঞ্জগুলো মোকাবিলা করে আরও ন্যায়সঙ্গত ও টেকসই ভবিষ্যৎ গড়ে তোলার দৃঢ় ভিত্তি প্রদান করে। পরিশেষে, বর্তমান যুগ প্রযুক্তি, স্বাস্থ্যসেবা, শিক্ষা এবং জীবনমানের ক্ষেত্রে যে অসাধারণ অগ্রগতি অর্জন করেছে, তা ৩০ বছর আগের জীবনের তুলনায় জীবনকে অনেক উন্নত করেছে। যদিও সমস্যাগুলো রয়ে গেছে, গত কয়েক দশকের অর্জনগুলো মানব সৃজনশীলতা এবং সহনশীলতার সাক্ষ্য বহন করে এবং ভবিষ্যৎ প্রজন্মের জন্য একটি উজ্জ্বল ভবিষ্যতের আশার উৎস হিসেবে কাজ করে। Vocabulary: 80 vocabulary words from the text and their meanings in English, Bangla, and Hindi: Vocabulary English Meaning Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning Notion An idea or belief about something ধারণা (Dharona) धारणा (Dharna) Present Existing or happening now বর্তমান (Bortoman) वर्तमान (Vartaman) Sentiment A feeling or opinion অনুভূতি (Onubhuti) भावना (Bhavna) Advancement Progress or development অগ্রগতি (Ogragoti) प्रगति (Pragati) Healthcare The organized provision of medical care স্বাস্থ্যসেবা (Shasthyo Sheba) स्वास्थ्य सेवा (Swasthya Seva) Quality of Life The standard of health, comfort, and happiness জীবনের মান (Jiboner Man) जीवन की गुणवत्ता (Jeevan Ki Gunwatta) Significant Important or noteworthy গুরুত্বপূর্ণ (Gurutto Purno) महत्वपूर्ण (Mahattvapurn) Impact A strong effect on something প্রভাব (Probhav) प्रभाव (Prabhav) Convenience The state of being easy to use or access সুবিধা (Shubhida) सुविधा (Suvidha) Life Expectancy The average period a person is expected to live জীবনকাল (Jibonkál) आयु प्रत्याशा (Aayu Pratyasha) Connectivity The state of being connected সংযোগ (Shongjog) संपर्क (Sampark) Unimaginable Impossible to think of or believe অকল্পনীয় (Okolponiyo) अकल्पनीय (Akalpaniya) Revolutionized To cause a complete change বিপ্লব ঘটানো (Biplob Ghotano) क्रांति लाना (Krant Laana) Innovation A new idea or method উদ্ভাবন (Udbhabon) नवाचार (Navachar) Daily Life Everyday routine and activities দৈনন্দিন জীবন (Doinondin Jibon) दैनिक जीवन (Dainik Jeevan) Communication Exchanging information যোগাযোগ (Jogajog) संचार (Sanchar) Efficiency The ability to do tasks quickly and well দক্ষতা (Dokkhoṭa) दक्षता (Dakshata) Productivity The rate at which work is done উৎপাদনশীলতা (Utpadoshilota) उत्पादकता (Utpadakta) Creativity The ability to produce new and original ideas সৃজনশীলতা (Srijonshilota) रचनात्मकता (Rachnatmakta) Collaboration Working together on a common task সহযোগিতা (Shohojogita) सहयोग (Sahyog) Diagnostic Relating to the identification of a condition নির্ণায়ক (Nirnoyok) निदान संबंधी (Nidan Sambandhi) Outcomes Results or effects of an action ফলাফল (Pholaphol) परिणाम (Parinaam) Manageable Able to be handled or controlled নিয়ন্ত্রণযোগ্য (Niyontronyoggo) संभालने योग्य (Sambhalne Yogya) Preventable Able to be stopped before happening প্রতিরোধযোগ্য (Protirodhyo) रोके जाने योग्य (Roke Jane Yogya) Sanitation Measures to maintain cleanliness স্যানিটেশন (Sanitation) स्वच्छता (Swachhta) Remarkable Worthy of attention, extraordinary উল্লেখযোগ্য (Ullekhyo) उल्लेखनीय (Ullekhniya) Distance Learning Education over the internet or by correspondence দূরশিক্ষা (Durshikkha) दूरस्थ शिक्षा (Doorasth Shiksha) Empower To give someone power or authority ক্ষমতায়ন করা (Khomtayon Kora) सशक्त करना (Sashakt Karna) Infrastructure The basic physical systems of a community অবকাঠামো (Obokatamo) बुनियादी ढांचा (Buniyaadi Dhancha) Urban Planning Designing city spaces and structures নগর পরিকল্পনা (Nôgor Porikolpona) शहरी योजना (Shahri Yojna) Globalization The process of increased interconnectedness বিশ্বায়ন (Bishoyan) वैश्वीकरण (Vaishvikaran) Prosperity Wealth and success সমৃদ্ধি (Shomriddhi) समृद्धि (Samriddhi) Poverty The state of being extremely poor দারিদ্র্য (Daridryo) गरीबी (Garibi) Challenges Difficult situations that require effort to overcome চ্যালেঞ্জ (Challeng) चुनौतियां (Chunautiyan) Inequality Lack of equality or fair treatment বৈষম্য (Boishomyo) असमानता (Asamaanta) Environmental Relating to the environment পরিবেশগত (Poribeshgôto) पर्यावरणीय (Paryavarniya) Geopolitical Relating to politics influenced by geography ভূরাজনৈতিক (Bhurajonitik) भू-राजनीतिक (Bhu-Rajnaitik) Stability The state of being steady and unchanging স্থিতিশীলতা (Stithishilota) स्थिरता (Sthirta) Equitable Fair and impartial ন্যায্য (Nyojjo) न्यायसंगत (Nyayasangat) Sustainable Able to be maintained over time টেকসই (Têkosoi) टिकाऊ (Tikaau) Ingenuity Cleverness or creativity in problem-solving উদ্ভাবনী ক্ষমতা (Udbhaboni Khomota) प्रतिभा (Pratibha) Resilience The ability to recover quickly from difficulties স্থিতিস্থাপকতা (Stithistapokota) लचीलापन (Lachilapan)

Paragraph Writing POLLUTION Our total environment influences our life and our way of living. Three things ---- objects, forces and conditions together make our environment. It includes both natural and man-made objects, forces and conditions. The main elements of human environment are man, animals, plants, soil, air, and water. There are relationships among these elements. These relationships are disturbed because of pollution and then life becomes difficult or impossible. Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessary as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash and vehicle fumes cause pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal to toxic chemicals and the dumping of human waste into rivers and canals causes poisoning and water-borne diseases such as cholera and diarrhoea. The next factor is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and microphones that might cause aggression and damage hearing. Again, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to our sense of smell, and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. Soil pollution is also another important aspect. Factory waste, nuclear explosion, oil etc pollute the soil. Polluted soil can’t grow crops. We should bear in mind that if the environment is polluted, none of us will remain safe. We should take determined action to control these problems and clean up the environment to avert these unnecessary diseases. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing                   POLLUTION IN CITIES Pollution means impurity. When the environment is made impure by dust or smoke, or by bad sewage system, it is called pollution. In a polluted environment, the general health of the public is threatened. The monster of pollution is wreaking havoc on the life of the urban man. The clouds of pollution loom ominously over the major metropolitan cities, which are the nerve centres of the nation. Literally speaking the word ‘pollute’ means to defile or contaminate. Uncontrolled migration, haphazardly located industrial units and vehicular congestion are assuming alarming proportions and aggravating the problem of pollution. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the noise levels one has to endure, all pose a serious health hazard leading to ailments like high blood pressure, respiratory diseases like asthma and even skin-related problems. More and more people are becoming prone to these ailments. The most unsuspecting and vulnerable victims of this menace are small children who live in the polluted environment of the cities.   The cities are more polluted than the villages. More people crowd in the cities. The day breaks with the street cries of hawkers, the horn of vehicles. As the day advances, noises and movement of the vehicles increase until mid-day comes. City life, as we know it in our country, is unattractive. Cities grow in a small area with a large population. Houses are for the most part crowded to suffocation, want of fresh air and light makes the congested localities, extremely unhealthy. Streets are infested with unsightly beggars, unwanted dogs and cattle let loose to wander at will. In a word, the causes of pollution are endless. There are more mills and factories in the cities than in the villages. Smoke emitted by the factory-chimneys, is a common source of pollution. The smoke discharged by the vehicles on the road is another source of pollution. As the roads of the cities are very ill-planned, they remain dusty, forcing people to inhale a lot of dust, which in return causes permanent damage to their lungs and vital organs. Another pollution city people suffer from is the noise pollution. The cars honk, the hawkers hawk and the generators (during load shedding) rumble and the machines and engines go on clanking, thus filling the air with all kinds of sounds and noises. This is called the din and bustle of a city. In the cities, noise also occurs from the use of microphones and loudspeakers used in religious congregations, political meetings and in wedding ceremonies. Perhaps the greatest menace is the mosquitoes. The city corporations and municipalities fail to control miserably in controlling the proliferation of the mosquitoes. Pollution is a great threat to public health. The sooner steps are taken to curb down all kinds of pollution, the better it will be for the urban people. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing PASTIMES The thing we do regularly for enjoymentrather than work is called pastime. In other words, pastime means one's activities in one's leisure. It differs from place to place. In our country pastime varies in respect of locality.-In the village, we see men pass their leisure by chatting. They also indulge in some games and sports, namely ha-du-du, boat race, kiting etc. Some village people have their pastimes by doing social activities. Some take part in cultural activities like 'Jatra', 'Jari-gan' etc. In the town, we see people have their pastimes by taking part in the discussion on political issues at tea-stalls. In this scientific era, their pastimes have changed. They are fond of spending their leisure before television. They watch programmes of different satellite channels. The younger generation are very much fond of cricket and hence they prefer sports channels. The women in the city area are fond of watching drama and films on television. The Chinese spend their time with their family members in parks. The Japanese love sports and spend their time in playing baseball, golf and practising martial arts. Students spend their leisure in English clubs or art clubs or doing skate boarding. Thus pastimes vary from region to region. The pastimes which are common all over the world are watching television, reading novels, collecting stamps, sight seeing, gardening, walking, gossiping, fishing, going on picnics etc. I have a keen interest in photography. That is why it is my favourite pastime. Pastimes Pastime refers to one's hobby or work during one's free time. It is not one's main business. Pastimes vary from person to person, society to society and country to country. In our country the village people pass their leisures by gossiping, playing outdoor and indoor games, fishing, boating, swimming, gardening, visiting neighbours and relatives and joining village cultural functions and by watching 'IV programmes. The city dwellers spend their free time by joining clubs, visiting parks, zoos, museums, international fairs and historical spots. They also enjoy their free time by swimming, boating and fishing in the big lakes, by reading magazines, newspapers and books, 1.y watching international sporting events at the stadium and travelling and gardening. Our children and the young community have a great fondness and interestfor band and pop music. The Chinese enjoy their pastimes by visiting parks and watching TV programmes at evening. Playing baseball, golf and practising martial arts are the popular pastimes in Japan. The Germans are fond of passing their leisures by travelling, walking, hiking, dancing, visiting families and friends. In Canada skiing, hiking, snow boarding, hunting, camping, bird watching, fishing, boating and swimming in large lakes or sea-beaches are common pastimes. Today watching TV programmes is the most common pastime all over the world. The value of pastimes is very great in our life. It helps to remove the monotony of routine life and keeps our mind cheerful and playful. I am a college student. I pass my leisures by travelling and by reading magazines and newspapers. One's life become dismal and cheerless if one does not enjoy one's free time and holidays properly. PASTTIME/ / LEISURE Man’s life is usually bound by routine. Pastime affords an opportunity to escape out of the prison or routine and breathe the tonic air of freedom. This, therefore, is always a source of joy whenever it comes. . Pastime is the sweetest of moments when a man has nothing to do. . Pastime is also important for the progress of civilisation. It is the basis of all culture. During pastime a person is his own master and can dispose of his time according to his own sweet will. In other words, it is a time when the mind is relaxed, and the body is at rest. Sometimes it becomes a problem to find out the way to get leisure. As a remedy for this, it is necessary for all of us to cultivate some hobby. Some people like to play cards, some to watch films, others to go shopping or visiting friends. Those who love the air of the countryside may surrender to the joy of standing out in the open and feed their sense with the sights and sounds that create beauty and music all around them. Yet there are others who just like to settle down with a good book. Whatever the concept of pastime is, one must derive enjoyment and happiness from it. Practising the hobbies during pastime time our minds may have rest and relaxation. Thus leisure is the essence of life. Model Answer-2 Model Answer-3   Composition / Essay Writing Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Pahela Baishakh Pahela Baishakh is one of our festival days. In our Bengali year we celebrate Pahela Baishakh on the first Baishakh every year. The day is celebrated with traditional festivities across the country. On this day different types of people of different social classes come out from their respective residence and enjoy the carnival enthusiastically and publicly because it is a public holiday. Traders and shopkeepers open halkhata (fresh account books) and offer sweets to their customers and clients with a view to satisfying them keeping the age-old tradition. Children, young, adults, aged —– all people of both male and female look forward to celebrating this day with great hope and aspiration. At the very dawn they go outside to celebrate Pahela Baishakh eating panta vath. Most of the girls adorn themselves wearing fresh dress and flowers in their locks. Young and adult boys like to sing with the traditional musical instruments like ektara, dotara, bamboo-flute, sarinda etc. and somebody likes to wear mask of different things. Different socio-cultural organisations draw up elaborate programmes to celebrate Pahela Baishakh. The day’s first programme begins at dawn at Ramna Batamul where Chhayanat, a leading cultural organisation, organises it. Bangla Academy, Shilpakala Academy, Bulbul Lalitakala Academy, Jatiya Press Club, Liberation War Museum, Bangladesh National Museum, Institute of Fine Arts of Dhaka University and many other organisations bring out colourful processions with festoons, placards, posters, banners, masks etc. Bangladesh Betar, BTV, ETV telecast different lively programmes describing and showing the festival activities of Pahela Baishakh. We can’t but memorise this day with great pleasure every year singing together —-“Esho hei BaishakhEsho hei Baishakh”       Model Answer-2 Advanced Pahela Baishakh  Pahela Baishakh, the first day of the Bengali year, is a momentous occasion that is celebrated annually with traditional festivities throughout the country. This festival day is highly anticipated and celebrated with great enthusiasm by individuals from diverse social backgrounds, who emerge from their homes to partake in the public holiday. Traders and shopkeepers also participate by opening fresh account books, or halkhata, and distributing sweets to customers and clients, upholding an age-old tradition of satisfying them. On this day, people of all ages and genders eagerly look forward to enjoying the vibrant carnival. As dawn breaks, many venture outdoors to celebrate the festival by consuming panta vath, a traditional dish. Most girls don fresh attire and adorn themselves with flowers in their hair, while young and adult boys sing along to the beat of traditional musical instruments such as ektara, dotara, bamboo-flute, sarinda, and the like. Additionally, some choose to don masks of various forms. Socio-cultural organizations prepare elaborate programs for celebrating Pahela Baishakh. The day's first program commences at dawn at Ramna Batamul, where Chhayanat, a prominent cultural organization, hosts the event. The Bangla Academy, Shilpakala Academy, Bulbul Lalitakala Academy, Jatiya Press Club, Liberation War Museum, Bangladesh National Museum, and Institute of Fine Arts at Dhaka University, among many others, also join in the festivities with colorful processions featuring festoons, placards, posters, banners, masks, and more. Furthermore, Bangladesh Betar, BTV, and ETV broadcast lively programs that depict the festival activities of Pahela Baishakh. Every year, we fondly remember this day with great joy and unity, singing together "Esho hei Baishakh, Esho hei Baishakh." Model Answer-3 Baishakhi Mela Bangladesh is a land of rich culture and heritage. Baishakhi Mela is a part and parcel of Bengali culture. It is perhaps the largest and most comprehensive celebration of the arts and culture of Bangladesh. It is held on the first day of the Bengali New Year. The Bengalees are all looking forward to welcome the year through this celebration. The Ramna Batamul is the centre, around which New Year celebration have spread around the city and gradually across the country. The festival encompasses exhibition, music, poetry, crafts, theatre, photography etc in the urban area. A ‘Baishakhi Mela’ is an annual gathering. It is a gathering held in villages too. Some fairs are held for a day. Some are held for days together. It is held generally in the open place or on the bank of a river or a canal. All men, women and children gather in Baishakhi Mela in large number. Fancy goods, toys, balloons, flutes, sweets and wooden things are mostly sold and children buy them. Circus parties are the common features of the Baishakhi Mela. They often bring trained small tigers, elephants, monkeys, horses and bears that show funny feats. It is a matter of pride that we celebrate our cultural identity in a true spirit through Baishakhi Mela. ​ Baishakhi Mela ​ A Baishakhi Mela is a fair which usually is held on the first day of Baishakh to welcome the New Bangla Year. Baishakh is a month of enjoyment and merriment of the Bangalees. In fact, Baishakhi Mela is the reflection of the true picture of the life of the rural people of Bangladesh. The importance of the mela is very great to the Bangla speaking people. It gives us new life. Every year the villagers eagerly wait for the happy occasion. Their joy knows no bound Aaqt q;m~ mot) on the day. A Baishakhi Mela is a large gathering of all ages of people of all classes. In the mela, hand-made articles, dolls, toys, flutes, kites, cheap ornaments and cosmetics, bangles , ribbons (Nit), ready-made garments and other village handicrafts are displayed and sold. Sweets, fruits and snacks are also sold here. Doll dance and cock fight are the main attraction of a Baishakhi Mela.Traditional Bangla folksongs are sung and Jatra are also held in the mela. All ages of people attend the mela wearing colourful traditional dresses. A Baishakhi Mela is a great source of amusement and recreation to the rural people. But rural life is dismal and monotonous . So a Baishakhi Mela makes the villagers cheerful and removes the monotony of the routine works. It widens their outlook and breaks away social superstition. It helps to improvethe rural economy too. So a Baishakhi Mela has a great significance to the rural life. Every year I also visit the Baishakhi Mela with my grandfather who is very jolly-minded and humorous. Celebration of Pahela Baishakh in College ​ Every year Pahela Baishakh is celebrated across the country to welcome Bangla New Year. It is the first day of Bangla New Year. It is a public holiday in our country. Every educational institution or any office or any organization or any club celebrates the day every year. Every year our college also holds various special programmes on the happy day. This time too we celebrated Pahela Baishakh in our college compound in a befitting manners . Our college chalked out various ' joyful programmes including a discussion meeting and cultural functions. All the students and many I guardians attended the programmes wearing traditional rich dresses. I went to college at dawn with my grandfather wearing traditional dresses and by taking traditional foods like Panta Bath with hilsha fish and green chilly .We decorated the whole college campus with coloured papers and various flowers. Many reputed singers, poets, writers and special guests attended the joyful programmes. The Chairman of Comilla Education Board was the chief guest of the day. I recited some poems regarding Pahela Baishakh. My grandfather sang some sweet songs which were the main attraction of the function. Our Bangla teacher made funs and jokes which made all laugh wonderfully. The chief guests and the teachers delivered valuable speeches about the significance of the day. Our principal declared the end of the function thanking all at 5 pm and I returned home at 6 pm with happy mood. The day has a great importance in our life. It removes the monotony of my routine works, gives joy, removes dismal of mind and makes life cheerful. MY VISIT TO BAISHAKHI MELA Bangladesh is a land of rich culture and heritage. Baishakhi Mela is a part and parcel of Bengali culture. A ‘Baishakhi Mela’ is an annual gathering. It is a gathering held in villages too. This year along with some of my friends I went to Baishakhi Mela held in the Dhanmondi Club playground. We went there in the afternoon. I found the fair bustling with life. There were various kinds of shops and stalls. They were full of different kinds of things such as toys, handicrafts, potteries, sweets and cakes and many handmade things. The potteries made by the students of Charukala Institute, Dhaka University attracted me most. I purchased some specimens of their potteries only. Prices of things were a great deal higher than I had anticipated. Several book-shops were also there. Children’s books were among them which were sold at a great number. In the evening a discussion was held in which the speakers were from intellectual level of our country. In the fair, people were thronged to different food shops. It also became a place for annual meeting for people. But the fair had a different message to give us. The cultural outlook of the young people ought to be broadened. The authorities should organise more fairs. On the whole, I enjoyed the fair most with my friends. MY VISIT TO BAISHAKHI MELA Bangladesh is a land of rich culture and heritage. Baishakhi Mela is a part and parcel of Bengali culture. A ‘Baishakhi Mela’ is an annual gathering. It is a gathering held in villages too. This year along with some of my friends I went to Baishakhi Mela held in the Dhanmondi Club playground. We went there in the afternoon. I found the fair bustling with life. There were various kinds of shops and stalls. They were full of different kinds of things such as toys, handicrafts, potteries, sweets and cakes and many handmade things. The potteries made by the students of Charukala Institute, Dhaka University attracted me most. I purchased some specimens of their potteries only. Prices of things were a great deal higher than I had anticipated. Several book-shops were also there. Children’s books were among them which were sold at a great number. In the evening a discussion was held in which the speakers were from intellectual level of our country. In the fair, people were thronged to different food shops. It also became a place for annual meeting for people. But the fair had a different message to give us. The cultural outlook of the young people ought to be broadened. The authorities should organise more fairs. On the whole, I enjoyed the fair most with my friends. MY VISIT TO BAISHAKHI MELA Bangladesh boasts a rich cultural heritage, and one of its cherished traditions is the annual Baishakhi Mela. This cultural gathering holds a significant place in Bengali culture and is celebrated not only in urban areas but also in rural villages. This year, I had the pleasure of attending the Baishakhi Mela at the Dhanmondi Club playground, accompanied by some of my friends. We arrived in the afternoon and were greeted by a lively and bustling fairground. The fair featured an array of diverse shops and stalls, offering a wide range of products such as toys, handicrafts, pottery, sweets, cakes, and various handmade items. Particularly captivating were the pottery items created by students from the Charukala Institute at Dhaka University, prompting me to purchase some of their exquisite pieces. However, I was surprised to find that the prices of these items were higher than I had expected. Several bookshops were also present, with a notable selection of children's books available for purchase. The fair attracted a significant crowd throughout the day, becoming not only a place for shopping but also an annual gathering for people to come together. In the evening, a discussion was held featuring speakers from the intellectual community of our country, providing an opportunity for meaningful conversations. Beyond the entertainment and shopping, the Baishakhi Mela conveyed a broader message. It underscored the importance of broadening the cultural horizons of young people. It is crucial for authorities to organize more such fairs to nurture and celebrate our cultural heritage. Overall, I thoroughly enjoyed the fair with my friends, appreciating the vibrant atmosphere and the cultural significance it held for our community. My Visit to A Baishakhi Mela Visiting a Baishakhi Mela gives us joy, pleasure and removes the monotony of hard works and studies. It is a wonderful festival specially to the rural society. It is a fair which is held on the first day of Baishakh. Baishakhi Mela shows the true picture of the life of the Bangla speaking people. Every year Baishakhi Mela is held both in towns and villages to welcome Bangla New Year. I visited the last Baishakhi Mela with my grandfather who is a heroic freedom fighter. The mela was held on our college compound. This time too, our college authority arranged the joyful Baishakhi Mela on the first day of Bangla year. The shopkeepers sat in raws. Many traders from different corners of the upazila came to the mela. Many fancy goods, toys, dolls, flutes, kites, wooden articles, cheap ornaments and cosmetics, bangles, ribbons, ready-made garments and other rural handicrafts were displayed and sold in the mela. Sweets, fruits and snacks were also sold here. Doll dance and cock fight were the main attraction of the fair. Traditional Bangla folksongswere also sung in the fair. Everyone was busy in buying and selling goods. I found many college and school-going boys of my own age buying fancy articles in the mela. I also bought some dolls, toys, kites and flutes from the fair. I noticed some gambling parties there too. A Baishakhi Mela is a great source of fun and recreation of the rural life. But the village life is dismal and monotonous. So a Baishakhi Mela removes the monotony of rural life and makes the rural life cheerful. It also broadens their outlook, removes social superstitions and helps to improve the village economy. My Visit to A Baishakhi Mela Visiting a Baishakhi Mela is a delightful experience that brings joy, pleasure, and a break from the monotony of hard work and studies. This wonderful festival is especially significant for rural communities, showcasing the true essence of the Bengali way of life. Baishakhi Mela is held on the first day of Baishakh, marking the Bangla New Year, and it is celebrated both in towns and villages.I had the privilege of attending the last Baishakhi Mela with my grandfather, a heroic freedom fighter. The fair took place on our college campus, and our college authority organized this joyful event on the first day of the Bengali New Year. Shopkeepers lined up in rows, and many traders from different parts of the upazila came to participate in the mela. The fair featured a wide array of goods, including fancy items, toys, dolls, flutes, kites, wooden crafts, inexpensive jewelry and cosmetics, bangles, ribbons, ready-made garments, and various rural handicrafts. Sweets, fruits, and snacks were also available.The Baishakhi Mela had its own set of attractions, including doll dances and cockfights. Traditional Bengali folk songs filled the air, adding to the festive atmosphere. People of all ages were busy buying and selling goods, and I noticed many school and college students like myself purchasing fancy items from the fair. There were also gambling booths, adding an element of excitement to the event. Baishakhi Mela serves as a great source of entertainment and recreation for rural life, which can often be dull and monotonous. This festival injects cheerfulness into rural life, broadens people's horizons, dispels social superstitions, and contributes to the improvement of the village economy. It's a celebration of Bengali culture and tradition, bringing communities together to celebrate the New Year with enthusiasm and joy. Composition / Essay Writing MY VISIT TO A BAISHAKHI MELA Bangladesh is a land of rich culture and heritage. Baishakhi Mela is a part and parcel of Bengali culture. It is perhaps the largest and most comprehensive celebration of the arts and culture of Bangladesh. It is held on the first day of the Bengali New Year. The Bengalees are all looking forward to welcome the year through this celebration. The Ramna Batamul is the centre, around which New Year celebration have spread around the city and gradually across the country. The festival encompasses exhibition, music, poetry, crafts, theatre, photography etc in the urban area. A ‘Baishakhi Mela’ is an annual gathering. It is a gathering held in villages too. Some fairs are held for a day. Some are held for days together. It is held generally in the open place or on the bank of a river or a canal. All men, women and children gather in Baishakhi Mela in large number. Fancy goods, toys, balloons, flutes, sweets and wooden things are mostly sold and children buy them. Circus parties are the common features of the Baishakhi Mela. They often bring trained small tigers, elephants, monkeys, horses and bears that show funny feats. It is a matter of pride that we celebrate our cultural identity in a true spirit through Baishakhi Mela. This year along with some of my friends I went to Baishakhi Mela held in the Dhanmondi Club playground. We went there in the afternoon. I found the fair bustling with life. There were various kinds of shops and stalls. They were full of different kinds of things such as toys, handicrafts, potteries, sweets and cakes and many handmade things. The potteries made by the students of Charukala Institute, Dhaka University attracted me most. I purchased some specimens of their potteries only. Prices of things were a great deal higher than I had anticipated. Several book-shops were also there. Children’s books were among them which were sold at a great number. In the evening a discussion was held in which the speakers were from intellectual level of our country. In the fair, people were thronged to different food shops. It also became a place for annual meeting for people. But Baishakhi Mela had a different message to give us. The cultural outlook of the young people ought to be broadened. The authorities should organise this. More fairs are to be mobile in this respect. PAHELA BAISHAKH Pahela Baishakh is part and parcel of our national life. This is the first day of the Bengali New Year. This day reminds us about our tradition, heritage and culture. We celebrate this day with high enthusiasm and excitement. On this day the country appears a bright, cheerful and festive look. The day is a public holiday. In keeping the age-old tradition, traders and shopkeepers open fresh account books. They offer sweets to their customers. Different socio-cultural organisations arrange elaborate programmes on this day. A large number of people, wearing traditional dresses are expected to attend the programme. National dailies bring out special supplements while ‘Bangladesh Betar’ and ‘Bangladesh Television’ air special programmes on the occasion. Baishakhi Mela is also an additional programme of this day. It is perhaps the largest and most comprehensive celebration of the arts and culture of Bangladesh. This is an annual gathering. All men, women and children gather in Baishakhi Mela in large number. The festival encompasses exhibition, music, poetry, crafts, theatre, photography etc in the urban area. Students and teachers of the Institute of Fine Arts (IFA) of Dhaka University bring out a colourful procession from the Institute premises at 9:30 am carrying festoons, placards, posters, banners and wearing masks to welcome the Bangla New Year. Bangla Academy holds a cultural programme on its premises in the morning, to be participated by leading artists of the country. Shilpakala Acadmey organises a cultural function on the Academy premises. Jatiya Press Club holds a cultural function on the club premises at 6 pm. Bulbul Lalitakala Academy, Liberation War Museum and Bangladesh National Museum also organises cultural functions on the occasion. In fine, the nation is in full bloom with mirth and gaiety on this day. Pahela Baishakh There are some remarkable days in our national life. These days come to our life with the message of immense pleasure and traditional festivities. Pahela Baishakh is the first day of Bangla New Year. It is, no doubt, a part and parcel of Bang­ladeshi culture- It expresses the happy moments of our life. The day is celebrated with traditional festivities throughout the country. Traditionally traders and shop-keepers are found to open halkhata. They offer sweets to their customers and clients. Different organizations and institutions chalkout ela­borate programmes to celebrate the day. The day's first programme begins at dawn in Ramna Batamul. Chhayanat organizes the programme after the sun rise. Men, women and children participate the programme putting on traditional dresses like saree, paijama and panjabi. This prog­ramme is telecast live from 6 in the morning by Bangladesh‑   Television. On this day national dailies bring out special supplements. Bangladesh Television and Bangladesh Radio also broadcast many special programmes all the day long. Specially students and teachers of the Institution of Fine Arts (IFA) of Dhaka University bring out a colourful procession carrying festoons, placards, posters, banners and wearing masks from the Institute premises at 9.30 a.m. to welcome the Bangla New Year. Bangla Academy, Shilpakala Academy, Jatiya Press Club, Bulbul Lalitkala Academy, Liberation War Museum and Bang­ladesh National Museum and other cultural organizations also arrange different programmes on the occasion. People of all ages enjoy the day very much. As the Pahela Baishakh is one of the important cultures of the Bangalees, it is really a glorious day for them. The day signifies a new dimension of new life for all people of our Bangladesh. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing The Curse of Over-Population Over-population is a great curse of a country. Too big population of a country in proportion to its assets and land area is-called population explosion (over¬population). But population is one of the principal elements of a country. Productive and skilled population is a great asset and blessing of a nations. But illiterate, unproductive or unskilled population is a great curse and burden to a country. Any over-loaded motor vehicle gets an accident at any moment and an over-loaded boat or launch also sinks at any moment. Similarly, an over populated land is burdened with various alarming problems. It is obvious () that Bangladesh is an over-populated land in Asia having too big population. About 950 people live per square kilometre. It is illiteracy which is the root cause of this alarming problem. Social superstition is the another root cause of this severe problem in our country. Mass unawareness is also a major cause of it. Gender discrimination is another prime cause of population explosion. This alarming issue commits various sinful acts, crimes, offences and corruptions in the society. It is also causes deforestation which brings about various natural catastrophes and disasters in our land. It is the root cause of our food problem, unemployment problem, transport problem, traffic jam, load-sheding etc. Over population can be overcome by controlling birth rate, removing illiteracy and social superstitions, by banning early marriage, by driving away gender discrimination and by creating mass awareness and more job facilities. If we fail to control this panic problem, our all development efforts and plans will be fruitless Model Answer-2 POPULATION GROWTH IN BANGLADESH Explosion of population is rightly identified as the number one national problem. The baby boom every year has become worrying. Bangladesh is small country but her population is great. The area of Bangladesh is about 55 thousand square miles, and it has a population of about 130 million. About 2000 people live per square mile. It means Bangladesh is one of the densely populated countries in the world. There are more people than there is food and space for them. Our population is growing in an alarming rate. The growth rate of Bangladesh is 27 per thousand. It is obviously a very high rate. Our population depends on cultivable land. But on an average, each person has 0.1 hectares of cultivable land. This cannot even produce enough crops to provide the bare necessaries for their existence. Besides, the additional people that are born every year need many additional things. So population growth in Bangladesh is undoubtedly a very great problem. Model Answer-3 Composition / Essay Writing POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is an over populated country. Growing population in Bangladesh is the burning question of the day. There are many problems in Bangladesh. But no other problem is so threatening as the ever-increasing population problem of our country. Considering its dangerous effects for the nation in near future, it has been earmarked as a number one problem of Bangladesh. Bangladesh, a country about 143,998 square kilometres is overburdened with nearly thirteen crore people. It is the most densely populated country in the world, with the exception of several city-states. The density of population per square mile is 1675. On a per square kilometre basis, it is three times more populated than India and seven times more populated than China. Bangladesh occupies the 9th position among the countries of the world in respect of population. The population is increasing in an alarming rate by geometrical progression. The present growth rate is 2.35% every year. It has come to a stage of population explosion. If this alarming growth rate continues, the population of Bangladesh will be double within the next thirty years and it will be more than 20 crore by the end of this decade. Thus the growth of population is a challenge to our existence as a nation. Population is regarded as an asset of a country. But it becomes a problem when the country cannot provide the people with the basic necessaries of life like food, clothing, education, medicine and shelter. The area of Bangladesh is too small to support her vast population. As a result, it creates problems in supplying the basic necessaries of life. Thus an asset is turned into a burden. The high rate of birth due to the climatic condition, early marriage, illiteracy, and poor standard of living of the people are responsible for such rapid population growth. On the other hand, the factors like undernourishment, lack of medical facilities and insanitary living condition of the poor people have led to the high rate of infant mortality. The poor usually like to have more and more children to overcome social insecurity. Again, in the rural areas there is shortage of recreation. So they have more children and it causes population growth. The alarming growth rate of our population is creating problems and difficulties in every sphere of life. The standard of living, political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. It is also creating problems of food, clothing, accommodation, health, education etc. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, markets, educational institutions etc. There is inflation. People have started suffering, miserable consequences also in admitting the coming generations to schools, colleges and universities. In the field of employment this condition is more hazardous. As corruption has found its way in almost all departments, adopting unfair means has been common. The problem of unemployment, growth of slums in the cities, diseases, beggary corrupt practices, and the adverse law and order situation are the most prominent. So, socio-economic and political problems are created by population boom in Bangladesh. We shall come forward to control our population. Such a great problem should be learned well to take steps for immediate solution. Every member of the society should come forward to help in building up a planned and prosperous society. Education on planned and happy family is a must to understand this great problem and to implement the government plans and programme. Priority should be given to education of the masses. First of all, our women folks must be educated. A better-educated woman will surely try to keep her family small for the sake of prosperity and happiness. Students can also play a vital role in this respect. Everyone should be made to realise the goodness and idealism of a small family of two children only. Mass media should be used for wide publicity about the horrible after effects of high birth rate. The high birth rate should be stopped at any cost. As a small, developing country, Bangladesh can hardly afford to indulge in such a high birth rate of population. The people should be kept in pleasure to control population. Our population living in rural areas is religiously fanatic. To control population, fanaticism must be removed as early as possible. On the other hand, commerce and industry should be rapidly developed along with agriculture to gear up national production and meet the acute problem of unemployment. Side by side, more and more vocational training institutes have to be set up to produce a skilled manpower for various trades and professions. Population growth in an alarming rate is a vital problem in our country. Therefore any further increase of population will certainly bring indescribable suffering and miseries to us. No progress is possible until this problem is solved. Hence we must control the growth of our population for our existence. Then the adverse effect of the population growth can be changed to pave the way of our national development. Advanced: POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh, a nation spanning 143,998 square kilometers, is facing a dire predicament of overpopulation, which is rapidly becoming the most pressing issue in the country. The density of population per square mile is 1675, making it the most densely populated country in the world, except for certain city-states. In terms of population, Bangladesh ranks 9th among countries, with a population growth rate of 2.35% annually. At this rate, the population is expected to double within the next three decades, exceeding 20 crore by the end of the decade. Thus, population growth is an existential challenge for the nation. Population is considered an asset for any country, but it becomes a problem when the country is unable to provide its people with basic necessities such as food, clothing, education, medicine, and shelter. Due to its small area, Bangladesh is unable to support its vast population, and as a result, an asset has turned into a burden. The high birth rate, due to factors such as the climatic condition, early marriage, illiteracy, and poor standard of living of the people, is responsible for rapid population growth. Additionally, undernourishment, lack of medical facilities, and insanitary living conditions lead to a high rate of infant mortality, which is further exacerbated by the poor's desire for more children to overcome social insecurity. Moreover, in rural areas, there is a shortage of recreational facilities, leading to increased family size and population growth. The alarming rate of population growth in Bangladesh is creating problems and difficulties in every aspect of life, from degrading the standard of living and political stability to causing food shortages, inadequate clothing, and poor health and education services. There are crowds everywhere, be it buses, trains, markets, or educational institutions, resulting in inflation and making it difficult to admit future generations to schools, colleges, and universities. Unemployment, the growth of slums in cities, diseases, beggary, corruption, and adverse law and order situations are some of the most prominent socio-economic and political problems that population growth has created in Bangladesh. Therefore, the population boom in Bangladesh requires immediate attention and action. Education on planned and happy families is essential to understanding and implementing government plans and programs. Priority must be given to the education of the masses, particularly women. A better-educated woman will try to keep her family small for the sake of prosperity and happiness. Students can also play a vital role in this regard. Mass media should be used for broad publicity about the dire consequences of a high birth rate. High birth rates must be stopped at any cost, as a small developing country like Bangladesh can hardly afford to indulge in such population growth. People should be motivated and kept in pleasure to control the population. To control the population, fanaticism must be removed, and commerce and industry must be rapidly developed alongside agriculture to boost national production and address the acute problem of unemployment. Additionally, more vocational training institutes must be established to produce a skilled workforce for various trades and professions. The alarming rate of population growth is a critical problem in Bangladesh that requires immediate attention and action. Any further increase in population will bring indescribable suffering and miseries to the country. No progress is possible until this problem is solved, and therefore, the growth of population must be controlled to ensure the nation's existence. By doing so, the adverse effects of population growth can be reversed, leading the way for national development. The population problem of Bangladesh Population is regarded as an asset of a country. But it becomes a problem when the country cannot provide the people with the basic necessaries of life like food, clothing, education, medicine and shelter. This problem has been identified as the number one problem of the country. It has disabled to a great extent the wheel of development progress, and the economy. Bangladesh occupies 94th position in respect of total area of world but she occupies the 9th position among the countries of the world in respect of population. Her population is still increasing by leaps and bounds. The rate of growth is about 2.36% every year. Naturally, the population of Bangladesh has created a serious problem and it is also a burning question of the country. Our country mainly depends on her agriculture. But our agricultural production is still unsatisfactory on account of old and unscientific methods of cultivation. These bear poverty for the country. Eighty percent of the population is illiterate. They know very little about family planning and cannot realise the tremendous effect of over population. It may be noted that illiteracy, polygamy, religious influences, custom of early marriages are also responsible for population problem of Bangladesh. Besides, in Bangladesh the birth rate is much higher than the death rate. Necessarily this huge population creates pressure on the means of the subsistence of people. There arises the scarcity of food.  Like the food problem, it also creates problems in the field of food, communication, education employment, housing, health, sanitation and other spheres of life. Being over burdened with population, Bangladesh cannot afford to provide her additional people with additional necessaries of life. This makes the problem acute. To solve the problem the government and we all should come forward to control the over population. We should follow the following arrangement: Firstly, the growth rate of population has to be lowered down. To do this, the entire population has to be encouraged to adopt various family planning devices. Secondly, unemployment problems must be combated by creating opportunities for jobs. Thirdly, vocational training institutes have to be established for the trained unemployed people. Fourthly, to check the growth of population, top most importance should be given to education of the masses. Finally all the people have to be made aware of the advancement of science and technology. So, for the total progress of our country the eradication of the problem is a must. To make the scheme a success, people must ungrudgingly co-operate with the Government, for that way lies our peace, happiness and even survival. Advanced The population problem of Bangladesh Population, commonly deemed an asset of a country, transmogrifies into a predicament when the state fails to furnish its populace with the quintessential necessities of existence, such as food, clothing, education, medicine, and shelter. This dilemma, in particular, has emerged as the foremost quandary for Bangladesh, hampering the wheels of development progress and the economy to a great extent. The nation of Bangladesh encompasses a mere 94th position in the world concerning total area, yet stands ninth globally concerning population. Its populace is still burgeoning at an alarming rate of 2.36% per annum. This naturally engenders a serious predicament for Bangladesh, as it has become a burning issue for the country. Bangladesh relies primarily on its agricultural sector. However, due to the employment of outdated and unscientific methods of cultivation, its agricultural production remains unsatisfactory, leading to poverty in the country. Additionally, a staggering 80% of the populace remains illiterate, with a limited understanding of family planning and an inability to comprehend the significant ramifications of overpopulation. Notably, illiteracy, polygamy, religious influences, and early marriages all contribute to Bangladesh's population problem. Furthermore, in Bangladesh, the birth rate surpasses the death rate. This massive population inevitably exerts immense pressure on the means of subsistence for the people, creating a shortage of food. Moreover, this predicament generates complications in the realms of communication, education, employment, housing, health, sanitation, and various other spheres of life. Overburdened by the population, Bangladesh struggles to furnish its additional people with the necessary prerequisites of life, aggravating the problem further. To resolve this dilemma, the government and the population must come forward and proactively seek to control the overpopulation issue. This can be achieved by: firstly, reducing the population growth rate, which can be accomplished by encouraging the entire populace to adopt various family planning methods. Secondly, mitigating unemployment by generating more job opportunities. Thirdly, establishing vocational training institutes to aid the unemployed population in developing their skills. Fourthly, prioritizing mass education to combat population growth. Finally, raising awareness among the populace about science and technology's advancements. Thus, the eradication of the population problem is a crucial prerequisite for Bangladesh's overall progress. To ensure the success of this scheme, people must unreservedly cooperate with the government, as it leads to the attainment of peace, happiness, and even survival. POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is an over populated country. Growing population in Bangladesh is the burning question of the day. There are many problems in Bangladesh. But no other problem is so threatening as the ever-increasing population problem of our country. Considering its dangerous effects for the nation in near future, it has been earmarked as a number one problem of Bangladesh. Bangladesh, a country about 143,998 square kilometres is overburdened with nearly thirteen crore people. It is the most densely populated country in the world, with the exception of several city-states. The density of population per square mile is 1675. On a per square kilometre basis, it is three times more populated than India and seven times more populated than China. So, the growth of population is a challenge to our existence as a nation. The high rate of birth due to the climatic condition, early marriage, illiteracy, and poor standard of living of the people are responsible for such rapid population growth. On the other hand, the factors like undernourishment, lack of medical facilities and insanitary living condition of the poor people have led to the high rate of infant mortality. The poor usually like to have more and more children to overcome social insecurity. Again, in the rural areas there is shortage of recreation. So they have more children and it causes population growth. The alarming growth rate of our population is creating problems and difficulties in every sphere of life. The standard of living, political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. It is also creating problems of food, clothing, accommodation, health, education etc. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, markets, educational institutions etc. There is inflation. The problem of unemployment, growth of slums in the cities, diseases, beggary, corrupt practices, and the adverse law and order situation are the most prominent. So, socio-economic and political problems are created by population boom in Bangladesh. We shall come forward to control our population. Education on planned and happy family is a must to understand this great problem and to implement the government plans and programme. Priority should be given to education of the masses. First of all, our women folks must be educated. Mass media should be used for wide publicity about the horrible after effects of high birth rate. To control population, fanaticism must be removed as early as possible. On the other hand, commerce and industry should be rapidly developed along with agriculture to gear up national production and meet the acute problem of unemployment. Side by side, more and more vocational training institutes have to be set up to produce a skilled manpower for various trades and professions. Population growth in an alarming rate is a vital problem in our country. Therefore any further increase of population will certainly bring indescribable suffering and miseries to us. No progress is possible until this problem is solved. Hence we must control the growth of our population for our existence. Then the adverse effect of the population growth can be changed to pave the way of our national development. OVER-POPULATION IN BANGLADESH The area of Bangladesh is about 55 thousand square miles, and it has a population of about 130 million. Abut 2000 people live per square mile. It means Bangladesh is one of the densely populated countries in the world. There are more people than there is food for them. There are more people than there is space for them. The weather and soil conditions have made Bangladesh very suitable for growing crops. The riverine soil makes it a fertile bed for agricultural crops. With little efforts peasants can produce bumper crops. For this easy fertility of the land people have settled in Bangladesh from the ancient time. Besides, near absence of family planning has multiplied its population. If human resources are not rightly used then over-population makes a big problem. Otherwise, we know that a child is born not only with a mouth but also with two hands. But these hands are to be given jobs so that a child when grown up can earn his own livelihood. China has the largest population, yet it is not a poor country. Anyway, China is a big country, and it can distribute its large population over places which were not inhabited before. But, what about Japan? Japan is the same size an Bangladesh, and its population is also nearly the same as ours. Japan today is a leading country to commerce and industry, whereas we remain one of the poorest nations in the world. The management policies in Japan have made good use of the population. Explosion of population is rightly identified as the number one national problem. The baby boom every year has become worrying. The government is trying to implement family planning policies in all walks of life. It is also trying to raise the consciousness of the people about the problem of over-population. Women are also getting educated, and they prefer small families. But the result is slow to come. To tackle the problem of over-population more education facilities and jobs ituations have to be created. There is no time to delay. At the same time people should be urged to marry late and keep the family small. The conclusion is bound to be an unhappy one as we have not as yet shown any success in controlling the birth rate. While, due to better medical treatment child mortality has also lessened. Population Problem in Bangladesh Population of a country is an asset, but it becomes a problem when Me country can not afford to provide people with basic necessities life. Bangladesh is a small country. The total area of Bangladesh 1,47,570 square kilometres.. Our total population is about 120 illions. So, population problem is really a great malady for our untry. ngladesh is a poor country but her population is still increasing y leaps and bounds. The rate of growth is about 1.48% every year. ur country cannot afford the necessary things such as food, helter, medicine clothings, housing and education for the creasing people. Naturally, the population of Bangladesh has rested a serious problem and it is also a burning question of the entry. opulation in Bangladesh is increasing by geometrical progression whereas the agricultural production is increasing by Arithmetical progression. Our country mainly depends on her agriculture, but our n9ricultural production is still unsatisfactory on account of old and iinscientific methods of cultivation. Moreover, we find natural (olamities like floods, droughts, cyclones etc. every year, These boar poverty for the country. Besides, eighty percent of the population is illiterate. They know very little about family planning And cannot realize the tremendous effect of over population. It may be noted that illiteracy, polygamy, religious influences, custom of ,-,irly marriages are also responsible for population problem of Bangladesh. ioper education and an idea of fair standard of living should be ven to the people. Newspapers, television and cinema are being (jularly used popularise the idea of birth control and family inning. As a result, they will be fully aware of the evil effects of  population. Population problem in Bangladesh is a number one national problem. It should be our only thinking that two children are enough for each family whether it be a male or a female. If the Government wid the people of our country are determined to implement birth control, we can hope that the present growth rate of the population will be reduced in near future. POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is an over populated country. Growing population in Bangladesh is the burning question of the day. There are many problems in Bangladesh. But no other problem is so threatening as the ever-increasing population problem of our country. Considering its dangerous effects for the nation in near future, it has been earmarked as a number one problem of Bangladesh. Bangladesh, a country about 143,998 square kilometres is overburdened with nearly thirteen crore people. It is the most densely populated country in the world, with the exception of several city-states. The density of population per square mile is 1675. On a per square kilometre basis, it is three times more populated than India and seven times more populated than China. Bangladesh occupies the 9th position among the countries of the world in respect of population. The population is increasing in an alarming rate by geometrical progression. The present growth rate is 2.35% every year. It has come to a stage of population explosion. If this alarming growth rate continues, the population of Bangladesh will be double within the next thirty years and it will be more than 20 crore by the end of this decade. Thus the growth of population is a challenge to our existence as a nation. Population is regarded as an asset of a country. But it becomes a problem when the country cannot provide the people with the basic necessaries of life like food, clothing, education, medicine and shelter. The area of Bangladesh is too small to support her vast population. As a result, it creates problems in supplying the basic necessaries of life. Thus an asset is turned into a burden. The high rate of birth due to the climatic condition, early marriage, illiteracy, and poor standard of living of the people are responsible for such rapid population growth. On the other hand, the factors like undernourishment, lack of medical facilities and insanitary living condition of the poor people have led to the high rate of infant mortality. The poor usually like to have more and more children to overcome social insecurity. Again, in the rural areas there is shortage of recreation. So they have more children and it causes population growth. The alarming growth rate of our population is creating problems and difficulties in every sphere of life. The standard of living, political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. It is also creating problems of food, clothing, accommodation, health, education etc. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, markets, educational institutions etc. There is inflation. People have started suffering, miserable consequences also in admitting the coming generations to schools, colleges and universities. In the field of employment this condition is more hazardous. As corruption has found its way in almost all departments, adopting unfair means has been common. The problem of unemployment, growth of slums in the cities, diseases, beggary corrupt practices, and the adverse law and order situation are the most prominent. So, socio-economic and political problems are created by population boom in Bangladesh. We shall come forward to control our population. Such a great problem should be learned well to take steps for immediate solution. Every member of the society should come forward to help in building up a planned and prosperous society. Education on planned and happy family is a must to understand this great problem and to implement the government plans and programme. Priority should be given to education of the masses. First of all, our women folks must be educated. A better-educated woman will surely try to keep her family small for the sake of prosperity and happiness. Students can also play a vital role in this respect. Everyone should be made to realise the goodness and idealism of a small family of two children only. Mass media should be used for wide publicity about the horrible after effects of high birth rate. The high birth rate should be stopped at any cost. As a small, developing country, Bangladesh can hardly afford to indulge in such a high birth rate of population. The people should be kept in pleasure to control population. Our population living in rural areas is religiously fanatic. To control population, fanaticism must be removed as early as possible. On the other hand, commerce and industry should be rapidly developed along with agriculture to gear up national production and meet the acute problem of unemployment. Side by side, more and more vocational training institutes have to be set up to produce a skilled manpower for various trades and professions. Population growth in an alarming rate is a vital problem in our country. Therefore any further increase of population will certainly bring indescribable suffering and miseries to us. No progress is possible until this problem is solved. Hence we must control the growth of our population for our existence. Then the adverse effect of the population growth can be changed to pave the way of our national development. POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Population Problem of Bangladesh Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. About 1000 people live per square kilometre. Every year more than two million people are being added to our population. The problem has now moved out of control and it has now come to the stage of explosion. The area of Bangladesh is too small to support the vast population. As a result, it creates problems, such as, food shortage, communication disruption, educational problem, shelter shortage, health hazards, lack of medicine, environmental pollution and poverty. The present growth rate of population in our country is 21.6 per thousand. It is obviously a very high growth rate. Dogmatism, prejudice, early marriage and superstation are responsible for this high growth rate of population. The population of Bangladesh is increasing by geometric progression. But the agricultural production is increasing by arithmetical progression. So the country’s production fails to feed the increasing number of people. Not only this, but also the job facilities are. Being unemployed, some people are becoming addicted to drugs and are being involved in terrorism. So the standard of living, political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, bazars, schools and colleges. The prices of things are increasing by leaps and bounds. People can hardly make both ends meet. Over population is a hindrance to any kind of development. So necessary and constructive steps should be taken to reduce the high growth rate of population. Early marriage should be stopped. The introduction of family planning all over the country is essential. Newspaper, radio, television and other mass media can play an important role for educating and enlightening the common people about the disastrous effect of over population. Over population is a serious threat to the development of our country. This situation will be aggravated if the present growth rate of population goes on unchecked. The people from all walks of life should come forward to co-operate with the government to solve this problem. Otherwise, all hopes and joys of the people of Bangladesh will be nipped in the bud. POPULATION PROBLEM OF BANGLADESH Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. About 1000 people live per square kilometre. Every year more than two million people are being added to our population, The problem has now moved out of control and it has now come to the position of explosion. The area of Bangladesh is too small to support the vast population. As a result, it creates problems, such as, food-shortage, communication disruption, educational problem, shelter shortage, health hazards, lack of medicine, environmental pollution and poverty. The present growth rate of population in our country is 21.6 per thousand. It is obviously a very high growth rate. Dogmatism, prejudice, early marriage and superstitions are responsible for this high growth rate of population. The population of Bangladesh is increasing by geometric progression. But the agricultural production is increasing by arithmetical progression. So the country's production fails to feed the increasing number of people. Not only this, the iob facilities are also unable to cope with this population. Being unemployed, some people are becoming addicted to drugs and are being involved in terrorism. So the standard of living. political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, bazars, schools and colleges. The prices of things are increasing by leaps and bounds. People can hardly make both ends meet. Overpopulation is a hindrance to any kind of development. So necessary and constructive steps should be taken to reduce the high growth rate of population. Early marriage should be stopped. Introduction of family planning all over the country is essential. Newspaper, radio, television and other mass media can play an important role for educating and enlightening the common people about the disastrous effect of overpopulation. Overpopulation is a serious threat to the development of our country. This situation will be aggravated if the present growth rate of population goes on unchecked. The people from all walks of life should come forward to co-operate with the government to solve this problem. Otherwise, all hopes and joys of the people of Bangladesh will be nipped in the bud

Paragraph Writing Our College Common Room ​ A college common room is a place where the students of a college get together and spend their free time by reading books and magazines or by playing indoor games or by gossiping. It is an important part of education. Every school or college belongs to a common room, big or small. A college common room is' one which belongs to a college. Ours is a very old and big college in the district. It has a good reputation throughout the country. There is a big common room for the students in our college campus. It is located on the ground floor of the main building of our college. It is decorated nicely. It faces to the south. So it is well-airy and well-lighted. There is a nice arrangement for indoor games in our college common room. In a word, the students of our college enjoy all recreational facilities in the college common room during leisure hours and off periods. The room has chairs, desks and table and other necessary tools for the students. We spend our leisure hours and off periods in the common room by playing indoor games, by reading newspapers and magazine and by watching educational programmes on the TV screen. The female students usually spend their free time by playing indoor games in our college common room. It is a great attraction for us. We always keep it neat and clean. We abide by the rules and discipline of the common room. A lively atmosphere `f) exists in our college common room. No outsider or smoker is allowed here. It is free from all kinds of pollutions. Without a nice common room, the college life becomes dismal and gloomy. It removes the monotony of hard studies of the student. So a college common room is a must for each and even, college. Model Answer-2   Our School Common Room The school common room serves as an essential component of our educational institution, offering a hub for recreation and relaxation. Situated on the ground floor with ample ventilation and south-facing windows, it provides a welcoming environment for students seeking respite from their academic routines. The common room boasts a well-appointed interior, furnished with desks, chairs, and tables for communal use. A selection of newspapers, magazines, and periodicals are readily available for leisurely reading, enriching students' knowledge during free periods. Additionally, the room is equipped with various indoor gaming facilities, including carom boards, table tennis, and chess sets, facilitating moments of enjoyment and camaraderie among peers. A color television and radio set further enhance the entertainment options available. Beyond recreational activities, the common room serves as a venue for engaging in spirited political discussions and social interactions, fostering a sense of community among students. While conversations and gossip are commonplace, smoking is strictly prohibited, ensuring a healthy and conducive environment for all. In essence, the school common room holds significant allure for students, playing an integral role in shaping their school experience and fostering a sense of belonging within the institution. Model Answer-3 Our School Common Room The school common room is one of the most important places for students. It is a space where we can relax, study, and spend time with our friends. Our common room is large, clean, and well-organized. It has comfortable chairs, tables, and a few shelves filled with books and magazines. There is also a notice board where important announcements and updates are displayed. The common room is a place where we can take a break between classes. Many students use this space to read, complete their homework, or have friendly discussions. It is a quiet and peaceful place, which makes it perfect for studying. Sometimes, students also use it for group work or small meetings. Our common room has a few indoor games like chess and carrom, which we play during our free time. These games help us refresh our minds and bond with our classmates. There is also a water dispenser and a small area where students can keep their belongings while they are there. The common room teaches us how to share and maintain discipline. Everyone makes sure to keep the room clean and tidy. We respect each other’s time and space, which makes the common room enjoyable for everyone. Overall, our school common room is a wonderful space where we can relax, learn, and grow together. It is not just a room; it is a part of our school life that helps us create happy memories. Bangla Translation: Composition / Essay Writing

Paragraph Writing NOISE POLLUTION Sound is a symptom of life. But loud sound creates problem for all. Nowadays noise pollution has reached an alarming stage in human life. It has harmful effects on our life and activities. When the sound is at normal, tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called ‘sound’. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes ‘noise’. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life, there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. It has dangerous effect on our auditory nerves. It may cause deafness and psychological imbalance. Really it has become a threat to patients, children and old people. It is more dangerous to the patients suffering from heart diseases. Sound pollution has crossed the limits of human endurance. So it is high time for us to take necessary to check it. Strict laws should be enforced in this regard. Moreover we all should cultivate the virtue of quietness in domestic as well as public life. Model Answer-2 Noise Pollution Noise pollution means harmful and unpleasant sounds that disturb people and the environment. It is a growing problem in many parts of the world, including Bangladesh. The main sources of noise pollution are vehicles, factories, construction work, loudspeakers, and crowded markets. In cities, noise pollution is very common. Honking horns from buses, trucks, and cars create a lot of noise. Factories with heavy machinery make loud sounds, which affect nearby areas. Construction sites for roads and buildings add more noise. Even at social events like weddings, loudspeakers and music systems are used at high volumes, disturbing the peace. Noise pollution has many negative effects. It harms people's health, causing stress, headaches, and sleep problems. Long-term exposure to loud noise can even lead to hearing loss. Noise pollution also affects students' ability to study and concentrate. For older people and young children, the impact is even worse. Animals are also affected, as loud noises can scare them and disturb their natural habitats. To reduce noise pollution, we must take certain steps. Vehicle drivers should avoid unnecessary honking, and loudspeakers should be used at a lower volume. Factories should install soundproof systems, and construction work should follow rules to control noise. Planting trees can help absorb sound and reduce noise levels. The government must create and enforce strict laws to control noise pollution. Public awareness is also very important. People need to understand the harm caused by noise and work together to keep the environment peaceful. By controlling noise pollution, we can create a healthier and more comfortable environment for everyone. It is our responsibility to take action and protect ourselves and future generations from its harmful effects. Model Answer-3 Noise Pollution Noise pollution is a growing problem in today’s world, especially in urban areas. It refers to the excessive or unwanted sounds that disturb the peace and negatively affect human health and the environment. The main sources of noise pollution include traffic from vehicles, construction activities, factories, loudspeakers, and airplanes. In cities, constant honking of horns, heavy machinery, and bustling markets contribute to high noise levels. Prolonged exposure to noise pollution can cause serious health problems, such as stress, hearing loss, high blood pressure, sleep disturbances, and reduced productivity. It also affects animals by interfering with their communication, navigation, and breeding patterns. Birds, for example, may leave noisy areas, which disrupts the balance of ecosystems. Noise pollution is more severe in densely populated areas where people live close to busy roads or industrial zones. In addition to health and environmental issues, noise pollution can reduce the quality of life by creating a stressful and unpleasant atmosphere. To reduce noise pollution, governments and individuals must take steps. Rules should be enforced to control the use of loudspeakers, regulate construction activities, and maintain vehicle noise standards. Planting trees can also help absorb sound and create quieter neighborhoods. People can contribute by using public transport to reduce traffic noise, avoiding loud music, and encouraging the use of soundproofing materials in buildings. Public awareness campaigns are essential to educate people about the harmful effects of noise pollution and how they can minimize it. Controlling noise pollution is vital for maintaining a peaceful and healthy environment for both humans and wildlife.   Composition / Essay Writing Noise Pollution Noise pollution refers to unwanted and harmful sounds that disturb people and the environment. It is a serious issue in many countries, including Bangladesh. Noise pollution mostly comes from vehicles, factories, construction sites, loudspeakers, and busy markets. In cities, noise pollution is very common. Cars, buses, and trucks create loud honking noises on the roads. Factories with heavy machines make loud sounds throughout the day and night. Construction sites for roads, buildings, and bridges also add to the noise. Social events like weddings and religious functions use loudspeakers and music systems, which disturb people in the neighborhood. In markets and crowded places, the noise from people and sellers also becomes a problem. Noise pollution has harmful effects on both health and the environment. For humans, it can cause stress, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping. People exposed to loud noise for a long time may lose their hearing. It also affects students, as they cannot focus on their studies in a noisy environment. Older people and young children suffer more because they are more sensitive to loud sounds. Noise pollution also harms animals, especially birds, by disturbing their natural behavior and scaring them away from their homes. To reduce noise pollution, we need to take action. First, people should use car horns only when necessary and avoid loud honking. Factories should use soundproof equipment, and construction work should follow noise-control guidelines. Social events and public functions should keep the volume of loudspeakers low. Planting trees can also help reduce noise levels because trees absorb sound. The government has a big role in controlling noise pollution. Strict laws should be made and enforced to stop unnecessary noise. Schools and community groups can create awareness about the dangers of noise pollution and teach people how to reduce it. Everyone has a responsibility to reduce noise pollution. By taking small steps, like speaking softly and avoiding unnecessary noise, we can create a peaceful environment. A quieter world will improve health, make studying and working easier, and protect the natural environment for animals and plants. Noise pollution may seem like a small problem, but it has big effects on our lives. By working together, we can solve this issue and make our surroundings better for everyone. Let us take action now to reduce noise pollution and create a peaceful future. Ad Ad শব্দ দূষণ শব্দ দূষণ বলতে অবাঞ্ছিত এবং ক্ষতিকারক শব্দ বোঝায় যা মানুষ এবং পরিবেশকে বিরক্ত করে। বাংলাদেশ সহ অনেক দেশে এটি একটি গুরুতর সমস্যা। শব্দ দূষণ মূলত যানবাহন, কারখানা, নির্মাণ স্থান, লাউডস্পিকার এবং ব্যস্ত বাজার থেকে আসে। শহরগুলিতে, শব্দ দূষণ খুবই সাধারণ। গাড়ি, বাস এবং ট্রাক রাস্তায় জোরে হর্ন বাজানোর শব্দ তৈরি করে। ভারী মেশিনযুক্ত কারখানাগুলি দিন ও রাতে জোরে শব্দ করে। রাস্তা, ভবন এবং সেতু নির্মাণের স্থানগুলিও শব্দকে আরও বাড়িয়ে তোলে। বিবাহ এবং ধর্মীয় অনুষ্ঠানের মতো সামাজিক অনুষ্ঠানে লাউডস্পিকার এবং সঙ্গীত ব্যবস্থা ব্যবহার করা হয়, যা আশেপাশের লোকেদের বিরক্ত করে। বাজার এবং জনাকীর্ণ স্থানে, মানুষ এবং বিক্রেতাদের শব্দও একটি সমস্যা হয়ে দাঁড়ায়। শব্দ দূষণ স্বাস্থ্য এবং পরিবেশ উভয়ের উপর ক্ষতিকারক প্রভাব ফেলে। মানুষের জন্য, এটি মানসিক চাপ, উদ্বেগ এবং ঘুমের অসুবিধার কারণ হতে পারে। দীর্ঘ সময় ধরে উচ্চ শব্দের সংস্পর্শে থাকা লোকেরা তাদের শ্রবণশক্তি হারাতে পারে। এটি শিক্ষার্থীদেরও প্রভাবিত করে, কারণ তারা কোলাহলপূর্ণ পরিবেশে তাদের পড়াশোনায় মনোযোগ দিতে পারে না। বয়স্ক ব্যক্তি এবং ছোট শিশুরা বেশি ভোগে কারণ তারা উচ্চ শব্দের প্রতি বেশি সংবেদনশীল। শব্দ দূষণ প্রাণীদের, বিশেষ করে পাখিদের, তাদের প্রাকৃতিক আচরণকে ব্যাহত করে এবং তাদের ঘর থেকে দূরে সরিয়ে দিয়ে ক্ষতি করে। শব্দ দূষণ কমাতে আমাদের পদক্ষেপ নিতে হবে। প্রথমত, মানুষের উচিত শুধুমাত্র প্রয়োজনে গাড়ির হর্ন ব্যবহার করা এবং জোরে হর্ন বাজানো এড়িয়ে চলা। কারখানাগুলিতে শব্দরোধী সরঞ্জাম ব্যবহার করা উচিত এবং নির্মাণ কাজে শব্দ নিয়ন্ত্রণের নির্দেশিকা অনুসরণ করা উচিত। সামাজিক অনুষ্ঠান এবং জনসাধারণের অনুষ্ঠানে লাউডস্পিকারের আওয়াজ কম রাখা উচিত। গাছ লাগানো শব্দের মাত্রা কমাতেও সাহায্য করতে পারে কারণ গাছ শব্দ শোষণ করে। শব্দ দূষণ নিয়ন্ত্রণে সরকারের একটি বড় ভূমিকা রয়েছে। অপ্রয়োজনীয় শব্দ বন্ধ করার জন্য কঠোর আইন প্রণয়ন এবং প্রয়োগ করা উচিত। স্কুল এবং সম্প্রদায় গোষ্ঠী শব্দ দূষণের বিপদ সম্পর্কে সচেতনতা তৈরি করতে পারে এবং মানুষকে এটি কীভাবে কমাতে হয় তা শেখাতে পারে। শব্দ দূষণ কমানোর দায়িত্ব সকলের। ছোট ছোট পদক্ষেপ গ্রহণের মাধ্যমে, যেমন মৃদুভাবে কথা বলা এবং অপ্রয়োজনীয় শব্দ এড়িয়ে চলা, আমরা একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ পরিবেশ তৈরি করতে পারি। একটি শান্ত পৃথিবী স্বাস্থ্যের উন্নতি করবে, পড়াশোনা এবং কাজ করা সহজ করবে এবং প্রাণী ও উদ্ভিদের জন্য প্রাকৃতিক পরিবেশ রক্ষা করবে। শব্দ দূষণ একটি ছোট সমস্যা বলে মনে হতে পারে, কিন্তু এর আমাদের জীবনে বড় প্রভাব রয়েছে। একসাথে কাজ করার মাধ্যমে, আমরা এই সমস্যাটি সমাধান করতে পারি এবং আমাদের আশেপাশের পরিবেশ সকলের জন্য আরও ভালো করে তুলতে পারি। আসুন আমরা এখনই শব্দ দূষণ কমাতে এবং একটি শান্তিপূর্ণ ভবিষ্যৎ তৈরি করতে পদক্ষেপ নিই। Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing NEWSPAPER A newspaper is a printed publication appearing daily, weekly or monthly containing news, advertisements and articles on various subjects. It carries the news and views from home and abroad to us. In this era of scientific progress, we cannot do a single day without it. We become detached from the outside world in absence of it. It is a part and parcel of our day-to-day life. I cannot start a day without going through a daily newspaper. Newspaper brings news of various kinds to meet the demand of people from all social strata. Newspaper is called the storehouse of knowledge. It has removed the global distance and made the whole of the world a village. Having a newspaper in grip, people can get all sorts of information. It provides them with news about politics, economics, culture, literature, games and sports of the world. Some newspapers have begun to publish guidelines to give students academic aid. Being a student I am inclined to read such kind of newspaper. It helps me a lot. But I do not support yellow journalism because of false news, exaggerated views, irritating comments exile public opinions. We should train up our journalists to be evaluated. NEWSPAPER READING Newspapers have their own importance and advantages. In modern times, newspapers are considered to be the givers of information, news and views. They bring to us news from all the corners of the world. Newspapers in the modern world reflect pubic opinion. They contain a great deal of useful information. The public remains in touch with the leading ideas in the country as well as of the world. Through newspapers, we get national as well as international news. They help in creating among the readers the spirit of goodwill and mutual understanding for other nations of the world. Newspapers are good means of publicity and propaganda. In the advertisement columns, one can know about many things. Thus, by reading newspapers one can know many things. Newspapers play a great role in mobilising public opinion on various national issues. Newspapers also help in education public opinion. They make us realise our duties and make us aware of our responsibilities. They give their own honest, just and right opinion on various great problems of the country. Thus, they lead the masses on the right path. From the point of view of education, they have a great value. Newspapers can publish the latest reports regarding the researches made, discoveries done and inventions made in the various fields. The ideas and thoughts of world-renowned thinkers, writers, poets, scientists, reformers, philosophers and politicians are known to us through newspapers. Thus, newspapers are the important limbs of modern society.   Composition / Essay Writing                                     NEWSPAPER   Introduction:   Newspaper is a gift of modern civilization. It is paper that carries news and views of home and abroad. It supplies us information in respect of all matters of the world. That’s why, it is said to be the mirror of the world. We can not do even a day without it.   Its history:  China was the first country to introduce newspaper. Venice brought out first newspaper in Europe. In England, it was first published during the reign of Queen Elizabeth. There was particularly no newspaper in this sub-continent before the English came. The Indian Gazette which was the first newspaper in Indo-Bangladesh was published in 1774. “The Samachar Darpan” was the first Bengali Newspaper. It was published in 1818. It was published by the Christian Missionaries.   Kinds of newspaper : Newspapers are of various kinds. They are dailies, bi-weeklies, weeklies, monthlies and even quarterlies. The dailies contain news and views about the daily affairs of the whole world. There are some other papers which are known as periodicals and magazines. They contain literary articles. We have newspaper both in Bengali and English. The leading Bengali newspapers are the Protham Alo, the Jugantar, the Dainik Janakantha, the Ittefaq, the Inqilab, the Sangbad. The English language dailies are the Independence, the Daily Star, the Bangladesh Observer, the New Nation and the Bangladesh Times.   Necessity or role of newspaper :  Newspaper plays an important role to all classes of people. Lawyers, traders, politicians, contractors, employment seekers, lovers of games and sports are in need of newspapers. Government orders and notices come out in newspapers. It helps the students to know and think of the world affairs. It moulds public opinion in favour of the Govt. and public leaders.   It keeps us in close contact with the current affairs of the world. It gives us news about politics, economics, culture, literature, games and sports of the whole world.   The newspaper has educative value. By reading it can know what the great thinkers think. Besides we can learn language if we read the newspaper carefully.   The newspaper has some other uses to us in our everyday life. When flood or cyclone visits a place, the affected people can send the news of their distress through the newspaper. They can also move the government for help through it.   Demerits:   Sometimes newspapers can do harm to us. Some newspapers are party papers. They create party feelings among the people. It publishes false and harmful news for the sake of party. This false news misleads the people and cause havoc to national unity.   Conclusion:  Newspaper is so essential that no one can think of modern life without it. It should be impartial for the welfare of the country. Beside this, governments of different countries are afraid of the fearless criticism of newspaper and often have to gag them in order to maintain their popularity. This should not be so. Every government should confirm full freedom of its people and a free newspaper is the symbol of that freedom.       Advanced NEWSPAPER Newspaper, a product of modern civilization, is a vital source of information that transmits news and opinions from both domestic and foreign contexts, providing us with an insight into various aspects of the world. It is rightly referred to as the mirror of the world, and we cannot fathom living a day without it.   The inception of the newspaper dates back to ancient China, while Venice is credited with publishing the first newspaper in Europe. In England, Queen Elizabeth's reign saw the dawn of the first newspaper. However, in the Indian subcontinent, newspapers did not exist until the advent of the English, with the Indian Gazette being the pioneer newspaper in Indo-Bangladesh, and The Samachar Darpan being the first Bengali newspaper, published by Christian Missionaries in 1818.   Newspapers are classified into various types, ranging from dailies, bi-weeklies, weeklies, monthlies, and even quarterlies. Dailies contain current news on a global scale, whereas periodicals and magazines have literary content. Both Bengali and English languages have newspapers, with Protham Alo, Jugantar, Dainik Janakantha, Ittefaq, Inqilab, and Sangbad being the leading Bengali newspapers, and Independence, Daily Star, Bangladesh Observer, New Nation, and Bangladesh Times being the leading English dailies.   The newspaper plays an indispensable role in shaping the lives of all social classes. Lawyers, traders, politicians, contractors, job seekers, and sports enthusiasts all rely on newspapers for information. Newspapers disseminate government orders and notices, and they assist students in understanding and formulating opinions on global issues. Moreover, they influence public opinion in favor of the government and public leaders. The newspaper enables us to stay in touch with current world affairs, with news on politics, economics, culture, literature, games, and sports being readily available.   The educative value of the newspaper is indisputable, as it allows us to gain knowledge about the ideas and perspectives of renowned thinkers. Additionally, by carefully reading newspapers, we can improve our language proficiency.   In our everyday lives, newspapers serve other purposes, such as acting as a means for the affected people during natural calamities to request help from the government. However, some newspapers propagate harmful party propaganda, misleading people and disrupting national unity.   In conclusion, the newspaper is an essential component of modern life, and impartiality is crucial for its functioning in the best interest of the country. Governments around the world often view the media's fearless criticism as a threat to their popularity, leading to attempts to censor them. However, free newspapers symbolize the freedom of people, and every government should ensure their people's freedom and the freedom of the press.     READING NEWSPAPER   A newspaper is a daily paper that gives us news of events as they happen every moment in different parts of the world. Carlyle called it the ‘Fourth Estate’. It is almost the first thing that greets us in the morning. In fact, we cannot think of modern life without newspaper. Man’s craving for news is eternal. So every educated man and woman in the modern world feels an urge to read newspaper everyday. Indeed a newspaper has become an almost indispensable adjunct to modern life.   A newspaper reading has become a habit with many of us. It has become a passion with some of us as well. It is as important to some of us as our food and drink. There are people who must have the newspaper with their morning cup of tea, otherwise they get upset. There are persons who stand before a public library or at the crossing of a thoroughfare to steal a glance at a newspaper. There are again persons whose food remains undigested and whose temper gets frayed, if they do not go through the day’s newspaper.   A modern newspaper is a chronicle and an encyclopaedia in miniature. It is, in fact, a caterer of all sorts of news and views. People read them for both pleasure and profit. Merchants read them to know the condition of the market. Sportsman find pleasures in reading the sports news. The film fans go through the cinema page to get the thrill of the ring. From the advertisement columns the employment seekers and traders get useful hints and information. Statesmen read the papers to know the political currents of the world. Besides, newspapers have corners for children and women. It also informs the people if the ration-shop will remain closed on a particular day, when pipe water will not be available, if there is any change in the examination schedule and so on. It is for all these reasons that the newspaper has become universal reading matter today.   Newspapers play an important part in our social and national life. They educate public mind and help to form public opinion. They voice the grievances of the people and seek for redress. Indeed the press is so powerful that it can make or unmake governments. That is why whenever government becomes tyrannical, it tries to control the press and destroy its freedom. A democratic government, on the other hand, feels the pulse of the people through the honest criticism of the press.   A newspaper not only gives us information, it also serves us in various other ways. It beguiles time when time hangs heavy on us. When a man finds himself alone in a railway compartment, it gives him the pleasure of silent companionship; when he is troubled by a thousand and one worries, it helps him forget them. When he rolls in bed in a vain attempt to snatch a little sleep, it promptly brings down the goddess of sleep on his wakeful eyes. A busy professional man may not find time to a newspaper but still he buys it to keep his visitors’ engaged. There are perhaps also men, big men who buy newspaper not to read them, but to maintain an air of aristocracy.   Sometimes a newspaper contains much that is useless or even harmful. It rouses popular passions against a country or a people or a community by giving exaggerated versions of minor incidents. In fact, a good deal is reported that is of passing interest. A good deal is often misreported that leads to dangerous consequence. The propaganda machinery of a newspaper is a menace when it prevents dispassionate judgement. Newspapers are vehicle of political parties and neutral readers find it difficult to arrive at a balanced judgement. Sometimes they excite people in a wrong cause and thus mislead them instead of giving them correct news and views.   Newspaper reading is a good habit. But one should not pore over it for hours and hours. We should take care that newspaper reading does not develop into a passion with us. We should always be on the alert while reading a newspaper; otherwise we shall not be able to see things in their proper perspective.           Advanced READING NEWSPAPER   A newspaper, often referred to as the "Fourth Estate" by Carlyle, is a daily publication that serves as a reliable source of information about the events happening around the globe. It has become an indispensable part of modern life, with an ever-increasing number of educated individuals feeling an urge to read it every day. Some view newspaper reading as a habit, while for others it is a passion, on par with food and drink, without which they feel incomplete.   Modern newspapers are a vast and varied collection of news and views. From merchants seeking to know the state of the market, sports enthusiasts looking for the latest scores, to statesmen monitoring the political currents of the world, newspapers cater to a wide range of interests. They offer informative corners for children and women, and valuable employment and business information in their advertisement columns. In short, newspapers have become an essential reading material in today's society.   Newspapers also play a significant role in shaping our social and national life. They educate the public, form public opinion, and voice the grievances of the people, seeking redress. They are so powerful that they can make or unmake governments. Therefore, when governments become tyrannical, they try to control the press and suppress its freedom. Conversely, democratic governments rely on the honest criticism of the press to understand the pulse of the people.   Newspapers not only provide information but also serve us in various other ways. They serve as a welcome distraction when time hangs heavy, offering silent companionship in a railway compartment, a diversion from a thousand worries, or even as a prompter of sleep when one is restless. They are also a means to engage visitors in a busy professional's office, or even to maintain an air of aristocracy for some.   However, newspapers can also contain harmful or useless content that rouses popular passions against certain countries or communities, leading to dangerous consequences. They can also be a source of propaganda, making it difficult for neutral readers to form balanced judgments. It is essential to remain alert while reading newspapers, to prevent them from becoming a passion, and to ensure that we see things in the right perspective.   In conclusion, newspaper reading is an excellent habit, providing us with a wealth of information and knowledge. But it is essential to exercise caution while reading, and to maintain a critical outlook to ensure that we gain a balanced perspective on the news and views presented. THE BENEFITS OF READING NEWSPAPER Newspaper is the store-house of knowledge. A man can be benefited in many ways reading a newspaper. It provides us with different news and views of the current world. It is said that a good nation must have a handsome amount of newspaper readers. In my opinion, a newspaper can influence a person more effectively than other forms of information media. Newspaper benefits us in many different ways. People get current information, news and views of the country as well as of the world. There are different pages on different issues in a newspaper from which readers get different types of news. A man can know about what is happening in the country's political arena sitting at home. A student can also be benefited from a newspaper. There are pages on education from which students can learn many things about English, Bengali, Mathematics, Geography, Science and other subjects. We can also know about the international politics and affairsoing through the international page. Those who are the regular readers J the international page are very much aware of the geographical and political affairs of the world. By going through the editorial column, a reader can know about the analytical explanation of a thing or affair. We can learn about our country's economy, its business affairs and many other statistical things from the business page. Sports page is a popular one to the sports loving readers. This page provides them with the latest news of sports and games. Religion and religious analysis are also found in a newspaper. Newspaper reading can widen the mental horizon of an individual. We should cultivate the habit of reading newspaper to broaden our knowledge A man who develops the habit of reading newspaper becomes an enlightened person. IMPORTANCE OF READING NEWSPAPER Man is curious by nature. He wants to know what is happening around him in the world. The invention of the printing press satisfied this primitive appetite for news in a more systematic way. And with news went views. So, newspapers are not news carriers only, but creators of public opinion also. It has become a part and parcel of our daily life. The history of the newspaper dates back to the 16th century. China was the first country to introduce newspaper. In Europe, Venice was the first place to publish newspaper. During Mughal period, a kind of manuscript was in vogue in the Indo-Pak sub-continent. But its circulation was limited to a few high officials and courtiers. The “India Gazette’ published in 1744 was the first newspaper in this sub­continent. The “Samachar Darpan” brought out by missionaries of Srerampur was the first Bengali newspaper.   Newspapers are of various types, such as dailies, bi-weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. The daily newspapers are mainly read for news and views about daily affairs. Others are known as periodicals and magazines and they contain stories and articles largely. Longer literary works are printed in them in parts. Newspapers are one of the important factors in the life of a civilized nation. We can measure the importance of newspapers in the modern world if we realise the mechanical speed of newspaper production. The views of a newspaper are read, discussed and disseminated everyday by thousands of readers. And what they daily read, they naturally come to believe and accept. Thus opinions are formed and movements are created silently and imperceptibly. Modern newspapers have a wide range of subjects to meet different interests. A newspaper today plays a vital role in society. It contributes to the widening of interest in books, music and drama. It is the great educator of the people in all matters of public interest and teaches them to form opinions on the burning questions of the day. Equally important is the views-value of a newspaper. Its editorials and letter columns point out what is good or bad in society and government and thus promote the good of all. The newspaper has also a great educative value. It helps us to keep abreast of the current events all over the world. Modern newspapers also contain articles on various subjects and are thus very useful guides to all round knowledge. The newspaper is also the best medium of advertisement. This helps traders and the consumers too. Sportsmen find their favourite games regularly reported and commented on in newspapers. And it is, for many, the one medium that gives daily recreation. For a hard working man, after a day’s toil, it relieves his home of its dullness and monotony. It brings him in touch with a gayer and a livelier scene. Thus newspapers help us in various ways. So, reading newspaper daily is a good habit. Some newspapers have their bad side as well. Because they serve a not-too-educated people, it may develop a tendency to serve vulgar tastes. They stimulate in the average reader an unhealthy desire for startling and sensational information. A more serious defect is for some newspapers to suppress news or to flaunt tendentious headlines or to give exaggerated reports in the interests of either a policy or a party. So, we should be very careful of reading newspapers and controlling ourselves from emotions. The functions of newspapers are many. It has brought the world to the corner of the home. Time and distance have been won by newspapers. A prosperous newspaper should have competence to command a higher and broader treatment of social value. Its very reputation causes it to be impartial, dignified and selective. And the public are thereby benefited.     IMPORTANCE OF READING NEWSPAPER Man is curious by nature. He wants to know what is happening around him in the world. The invention of the printing press satisfied this primitive appetite for news in a more systematic way. And with news went views. So, newspapers are not news carriers only, but creators of public opinion also. It has become a part and parcel of our daily life. The history of the newspaper dates back to the 16th century. China was the first country to introduce newspaper. In Europe, Venice was the first place to publish newspaper. During Mughal period, a kind of manuscript was in vogue in the Indo-Pak sub-continent. But its circulation was limited to a few high officials and courtiers. The “India Gazette’ published in 1744 was the first newspaper in this sub­continent. The “Samachar Darpan” brought out by missionaries of Srerampur was the first Bengali newspaper. Newspapers are of various types, such as dailies, bi-weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. The daily newspapers are mainly read for news and views about daily affairs. Others are known as periodicals and magazines and they contain stories and articles largely. Longer literary works are printed in them in parts. Newspapers are one of the important factors in the life of a civilized nation. We can measure the importance of newspapers in the modern world if we realise the mechanical speed of newspaper production. The views of a newspaper are read, discussed and disseminated everyday by thousands of readers. And what they daily read, they naturally come to believe and accept. Thus opinions are formed and movements are created silently and imperceptibly. Modern newspapers have a wide range of subjects to meet different interests. A newspaper today plays a vital role in society. It contributes to the widening of interest in books, music and drama. It is the great educator of the people in all matters of public interest and teaches them to form opinions on the burning questions of the day. Equally important is the views-value of a newspaper. Its editorials and letter columns point out what is good or bad in society and government and thus promote the good of all. The newspaper has also a great educative value. It helps us to keep abreast of the current events all over the world. Modern newspapers also contain articles on various subjects and are thus very useful guides to all round knowledge. The newspaper is also the best medium of advertisement. This helps traders and the consumers too. Sportsmen find their favourite games regularly reported and commented on in newspapers. And it is, for many, the one medium that gives daily recreation. For a hard working man, after a day’s toil, it relieves his home of its dullness and monotony. It brings him in touch with a gayer and a livelier scene. Thus newspapers help us in various ways. So, reading newspaper daily is a good habit.   Some newspapers have their bad side as well. Because they serve a not-too-educated people, it may develop a tendency to serve vulgar tastes. They stimulate in the average reader an unhealthy desire for startling and sensational information. A more serious defect is for some newspapers to suppress news or to flaunt tendentious headlines or to give exaggerated reports in the interests of either a policy or a party. So, we should be very careful of reading newspapers and controlling ourselves from emotions. [This paragraph may be excluded.] The functions of newspapers are many. It has brought the world to the corner of the home. Time and distance have been won by newspapers. A prosperous newspaper should have competence to command a higher and broader treatment of social value. Its very reputation causes it to be impartial, dignified and selective. And the public are thereby benefited.                              IMPORTANCE OF READING NEWSPAPER   Introduction: Man is curious by nature. He wants to know what is happening around him in the world. The invention of the printing press satisfied this primitive appetite for news in a more systematic way. And with news went views. So, newspapers are not news carrier’s only, but creators of public opinion also. It has become a part and parcel of our daily life. Its history: The history of the newspaper dates back to the 16th century. China was the first country to introduce newspaper. In Europe, Venice was the first place to publish newspaper. During Mughal period, a kind of manuscript was in vogue in the Indo-Pak sub-continent. But its circulation was limited to a few high officials and courtiers. The “India Gazette’ published in 1744 was the first newspaper in this sub-continent. The “Samachar Darpan” brought out by missionaries of Srerampur was the first Bengali newspaper. Kinds of newspaper: Newspapers are of various types, such as dailies, bi-weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. The daily newspapers are mainly read for news and views about daily affairs. Others are known as periodicals and magazines and they contain stories and articles largely. Longer literary works are printed in them in parts. Its necessity: Newspapers are one of the important factors in the life of a civilized nation. We can measure the importance of newspapers in the modern world if we realise the mechanical speed of newspaper production. The views of a newspaper are read, discussed and disseminated everyday by thousands of readers. And what they daily read, they naturally come to believe and accept. Thus opinions are formed and movements are created silently and imperceptibly. Its usefulness: Modern newspapers have a wide range of subjects to meet different interests. A newspaper, today plays a vital role in society. It contributes to the widening of interest in books, music and drama. It is the great educator of the people in all matters of public interest and teaches them to form opinions on the burning questions of the day. Equally important is the views-value of a newspaper. Its editorials and letter columns point out what is good or bad in society and government and thus promote the good of all. The newspaper has also a great educative value. It helps us to keep abreast of the current events all over the world. Modern newspapers also contain articles on various subjects and are thus very useful guides to all round knowledge. The newspaper is also the best medium of advertisement. This helps traders and the consumers too. Sportsmen find their favourite games regularly reported and commented on in newspapers. And it is, for many, the one medium that gives daily recreation. For a hard working man, after a day’s toil, it relieves his home of its dullness and monotony. It brings him in touch with a gayer and a livelier scene. Thus newspapers help us in various ways. So, reading newspaper daily is a good habit. Its bad values: Some newspapers have their bad side as well. Because they serve a not-too-educated people, it may develop a tendency to serve vulgar tastes. They stimulate in the average reader an unhealthy desire for startling and sensational information. A more serious defect is for some newspapers to suppress news or to flaunt tendentious headlines or to give exaggerated reports in the interests of either a policy or a party. So, we should be very careful of reading newspapers and controlling ourselves from emotions. Conclusion: The functions of newspapers are many. It has brought the world to the corner of the home. Time and distance have been won by newspapers. A prosperous newspaper should have competence to command a higher and broader treatment of social value. Its very reputation causes it to be impartial, dignified and selective. And the public are thereby benefited. Value of Reading Newspaper The newspaper is a useful and important medium of know­ledge. Newspaper reading has many other benefits. We come to know about everything happening in our country or the world through newspapers. Sitting in our drawing room, we can say what has happened, is happening in the remotest part of the country or of the world. The reading of newspapers gives us not only knowledge and information but also pleasure. It publishes jokes, stories, novels and other interesting writings which entertain us and enrich our imagination and thoughts. It focuses on politics, economics, business, games and sports, culture, literature and natural disasters and accidents. These help us improve our knowledge. We should therefore develop a habit of reading newspapers regularly. Newspapers, also serve as a teacher. The dailies teach us how to express our thoughts easily. It makes us build up ourselves as good and worthy citizens. This is why, children should be encouraged to read newspapers. A man who does not read newspaper regularly leads himself to a dark world. He can not develop his mental faculty. Being ignorant of current topics, he can not participate in the talks and discussions in an enlightened society. Moreover, none can keep contact with the world without reading newspaper. By writing for a newspaper we can also make our ideas expressed to the world. We can write also letters to the editor. This can be a training in journalism. All this shows the great educational importance of reading newspapers. We can enjoy these benefits if we form a habit ofl reading newspapers regularly. A society without newspapers must be considered primitive, that is uncivilized. Newspaper is a great support of modern civilization.   NEWSPAPER READING Or, NEWSPAPERS – THEIR USES AND ABUSES A newspaper is a daily paper that gives us news of events as they happen every moment in different parts of the world. Carlyle called it the ‘Fourth Estate’. It is almost the first thing that greets us in the morning. In fact, we cannot think of modern life without newspaper. Man’s craving for news is eternal. So every educated man and woman in the modern world feels an urge to read newspaper everyday. Indeed a newspaper has become an almost indispensable adjunct to modern life. A newspaper reading has become a habit with many of us. It has become a passion with some of us as well. It is as important to some of us as our food and drink. There are people who must have the newspaper with their morning cup of tea, otherwise they get upset. There are persons who stand before a public library or at the crossing of a thoroughfare to steal a glance at a newspaper. There are again persons whose food remains undigested and whose temper gets frayed, if they do not go through the day’s newspaper. A modern newspaper is a chronicle and an encyclopaedia in miniature. It is, in fact, a caterer of all sorts of news and views. People read them for both pleasure and profit. Merchants read them to know the condition of the market. Sportsman find pleasures in reading the sports news. The film fans go through the cinema page to get the thrill of the ring. From the advertisement columns the employment seekers and traders get useful hints and information. Statesmen read the papers to know the political currents of the world. Besides, newspapers have corners for children and women. It also informs the people if the ration-shop will remain closed on a particular day, when pipe water will not be available, if there is any change in the examination schedule and so on. It is for all these reasons that the newspaper has become universal reading matter today. Newspapers play an important part in our social and national life. They educate public mind and help to form public opinion. They voice the grievances of the people and seek for redress. Indeed the press is so powerful that it can make or unmake governments. That is why whenever government becomes tyrannical, it tries to control the press and destroy its freedom. A democratic government, on the other hand, feels the pulse of the people through the honest criticism of the press. A newspaper not only gives us information, it also serves us in various other ways. It beguiles time when time hangs heavy on us. When a man finds himself alone in a railway compartment, it gives him the pleasure of silent companionship; when he is troubled by a thousand and one worries, it helps him forget them. When he rolls in bed in a vain attempt to snatch a little sleep, it promptly brings down the goddess of sleep on his wakeful eyes. A busy professional man may not find time to a newspaper but still he buys it to keep his visitors’ engaged. There are perhaps also men, big men who buy newspaper not to read them, but to maintain an air of aristocracy. Sometimes a newspaper contains much that is useless or even harmful. It rouses popular passions against a country or a people or a community by giving exaggerated versions of minor incidents. In fact, a good deal is reported that is of passing interest. A good deal is often misreported that leads to dangerous consequence. The propaganda machinery of a newspaper is a menace when it prevents dispassionate judgement. Newspapers are vehicle of political parties and neutral readers find it difficult to arrive at a balanced judgement. Sometimes they excite people in a wrong cause and thus mislead them instead of giving them correct news and views. Newspaper reading is a good habit. But one should not pore over it for hours and hours. We should take care that newspaper reading does not develop into a passion with us. We should always be on the alert while reading a newspaper; otherwise we shall not be able to see things in their proper perspective. NEWSPAPER READING Or, NEWSPAPERS – THEIR USES AND ABUSES    [Out line: Introduction – newspaper reading is a habit with many a chronicle; a caterer of all sorts of news – role of newspaper in social and national life – services a newspaper renders – its abuses – conclusion.] A newspaper is a daily paper that gives us news of events as they happen every moment in different parts of the world. Carlyle called it the ‘Fourth Estate’. It is almost the first thing that greets us in the morning. In fact, we cannot think of modern life without newspaper. Man’s craving for news is eternal. So every educated man and woman in the modern world feels an urge to read newspaper everyday. Indeed a newspaper has become an almost indispensable adjunct to modern life. A newspaper reading has become a habit with many of us. It has become a passion with some of us as well. It is as important to some of us as our food and drink. There are people who must have the newspaper with their morning cup of tea, otherwise they get upset. There are persons who stand before a public library or at the crossing of a thoroughfare to steal a glance at a newspaper. There are again persons whose food remains undigested and whose temper gets frayed, if they do not go through the day’s newspaper. A modern newspaper is a chronicle and an encyclopaedia in miniature. It is, in fact, a caterer of all sorts of news and views. People read them for both pleasure and profit. Merchants read them to know the condition of the market. Sportsman find pleasures in reading the sports news. The film fans go through the cinema page to get the thrill of the ring. From the advertisement columns the employment seekers and traders get useful hints and information. Statesmen read the papers to know the political currents of the world. Besides, newspapers have corners for children and women. It also informs the people if the ration-shop will remain closed on a particular day, when pipe water will not be available, if there is any change in the examination schedule and so on. It is for all these reasons that the newspaper has become universal reading matter today. Newspapers play an important part in our social and national life. They educate public mind and help to form public opinion. They voice the grievances of the people and seek for redress. Indeed the press is so powerful that it can make or unmake governments. That is why whenever government becomes tyrannical, it tries to control the press and destroy its freedom. A democratic government, on the other hand, feels the pulse of the people through the honest criticism of the press. A newspaper not only gives us information, it also serves us in various other ways. It beguiles time when time hangs heavy on us. When a man finds himself alone in a railway compartment, it gives him the pleasure of silent companionship; when he is troubled by a thousand and one worries, it helps him forget them. When he rolls in bed in a vain attempt to snatch a little sleep, it promptly brings down the goddess of sleep on his wakeful eyes. A busy professional man may not find time to a newspaper but still he buys it to keep his visitors’ engaged. There are perhaps also men, big men who buy newspaper not to read them, but to maintain an air of aristocracy. Sometimes a newspaper contains much that is useless or even harmful. It rouses popular passions against a country or a people or a community by giving exaggerated versions of minor incidents. In fact, a good deal is reported that is of passing interest. A good deal is often misreported that leads to dangerous consequence. The propaganda machinery of a newspaper is a menace when it prevents dispassionate judgement. Newspapers are vehicle of political parties and neutral readers find it difficult to arrive at a balanced judgement. Sometimes they excite people in a wrong cause and thus mislead them instead of giving them correct news and views. Newspaper reading is a good habit. But one should not pore over it for hours and hours. We should take care that newspaper reading does not develop into a passion with us. We should always be on the alert while reading a newspaper; otherwise we shall not be able to see things in their proper perspective. Advantage of Reading Newspaper The power of the press is really un-disputed. In this modern age, the press is so strong and effective that it is called the Fourth Estate. Newspapers live Times if India, States-man and magazines like outlook and India Today have wide circulation in India. They have the power to draw the attention of those who matter, to the shortcomings in their decisions and its results.   With the spread of education, the influence of the Press has also grown in our country and in advanced countries, it is capable of making or breaking governments. In U.K. Japan or U.S.A. there is hardly a person who does not subscribe to a newspaper and consequently they are better informed and more updated with the affairs of their nation and the world.   India with a comparatively lesser literacy populace, specially in rural areas of States live Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, etc. are at a disadvantage. Because of the lesser influence the Press has on the masses, the advantages of democracy and the power to elect their own representatives are lost on them.   We achieved independence through the basics of mass movements, organised by the political parties, through the medium of newspapers. It was only when a few Indians learnt the English language and got to know of the revolutions in other countries, that they got the idea of freeing themselves from the shackles of slavery. This knowledge was largely contributed by newspapers of the foreign Press which were fearless in depicting the truth.   The Press has the power thus to mould public opinion. It has become the medium of political agitations and movements in our country and the organ of political leaders and parties. It is also the voice of the public, forcing the Government to listen with respect, to its opinions and views.The elections, after the Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi, gave a negative vote against her, for suppression of the ‘Freedom of Press’.    The downfall of President Richard Nixon of U.S.A. due to Watergate was actually fuelled by Press reports of the break-in.Thus, we find the Press placed as one of the ‘Goliaths’ of present age and if utilizes for the good of the people, it can wield tremendous power. However, there is the other side of the coin too.   There are several owners and even Editors, controlling the Press, who try to take advantage of his extreme power. Power does corrupt if un-checked and those controlling the Press must be vigilant and always on guard lest they corrupt society and make it their imp to solely earn money. It cannot be denied that there are those who hold be acting as sentinels for society but are actually in the profession to arm-twist, black-mail and, literally take advantage of their own position for selfish material gains.   A clean and independent Press, fearless as they should be, can be a blessing. It is the ‘great sentinel of the State’, ‘the ground detector of public imposture’.                                       Benefit of Reading Newspaper Newspaper is a kind of printed media usually distributed weekly or daily in the form of a folded book of papers containing news of current events, informative articles, education, editorials, and advertising. The newspapers keep us in touch with the current world affairs. Without them we cannot know the important news even of the remotest part of the world. It acts as a mirror that reflects the views and opinions of the public and the Government. There are many advantages of reading the newspapers. In short newspaper plays a vital role in our life.   With the spread of education, the popularity and importance of newspapers have increased by leaps and bounds. Everybody today wants to read a newspaper. They give us lots of information about various matters at various levels that are not available anywhere. People of all profession need newspapers. Engineers, doctors, scientists, professors and other professionals need them to know the day-to-day developments in their respective fields. Businessmen need newspapers to keep in touch with the economic and commercial trends in the country and see current share prices.   Politicians need them to read recent political events in the country. Others read newspapers to know how changes around them affect their life. Newspapers have their educative value also. Newspapers are living textbooks. Newspapers develop reading, math, social studies and language skills. Students read newspapers to broaden their knowledge and keep abreast of the recent developments in various fields like politics, economics, science, sports or art and culture. It is undoubtedly an important tool of the learning process for students. Lovers of Radio and the Cinema can look up in them the daily programs of these entertainments. The advertisements help the people to buy things. The unemployed can look up the wanted columns for vacant job. Newspapers are also an important means of advertisement. They help trade and commerce. But the newspapers have some drawbacks also. They serve as a means of propaganda for the various political parties. Sometimes, news is even twisted and distorted. Often views and comments are expressed through them that confuse the people and misguide them. At other times, they stir up class hatred. They sow seeds of communal quarrels. Often they publish wrong advertisements which deceive and cheat the people.   But these disadvantages are nothing in comparison with their manifold advantages. They are really of great use for the people. By reading them we come to know of the probable problems one can face while dealing with a particular organization. So people should be encouraged in every way. On the whole, the habit of reading newspapers is a good one. It is an aid to social reform and educational advancement. All novel efforts at social reforms can first discussed and debated in the press before any decision is arrived at and final action launched. It can also reach those who do not indulge in extensive reading because of lack of means and even those with limited leisure. Thus, it is a tool for the eradication of corruption of society depending on the persons manning it and because of this need to be in safe hands. NEWSPAPER Man is curious by nature. He wants to know what is happening around him in the world. The newspaper is the best medium to meet this curiosity. This is why it plays such an important role in the life of a civilized nation. This is why it plays such an important role in the life of a civilized nation. It has become a part and parcel of our daily life. The history of the newspaper dates back to the 16th century. China was the first country to introduce newspaper. In Europe, Venice was the first place to publish newspaper. During Mughal period, a kind of manuscript was in vogue in the Indo­Pak sub-continent. But its circulation was limited to a few high officials and courtiers. The “India Gazette” published in 1744 was the first newspaper in this sub-continent. The “Samachar Darpan” brought out by missionaries of Srerampur was the first Bengali newspaper. Newspapers are of various types, such as dailies, bi-weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. The daily newspapers are mainly read for news and views about daily affairs. Others are known as periodicals and magazines and they contain stories and articles largely. Longer works are printed in them in parts. Newspaper is a store-house of knowledge. Modern newspapers have a wide ranger of subjects to meet different interests. Greater space is devoted to political and economical news. There is also news about literary and scientific matters, game sand sports, the stage and cinema, the stock-market etc. All important events of the world within the last twenty four hours, or so, such as, market condition, changes in railway times, government notifications, weather news etc reach us through newspaper. Its letter columns point out what is good or bad in society and government and thus promote the good of all. It also helps the growth of public opinion and keeps the government informed of it.   The newspaper has also a great educative value. It helps us to keep abreast of the current the current events all over the world. It contains articles on various subjects that are very useful guides to all. It also has given us scope to learn the language spoken by the civilized people of the world. The newspaper is also the best medium of advertisement. This helps traders and consumers, too. It also carries all necessary information to those who need them for their occupational purpose. The recreational value of a newspaper cannot be ignored. When we feel tired or lonely, we often take up a newspaper for relief. In Bangladesh, there are many kinds of newspaper. They are the Bangladesh Times, The Daily Star, The Independent, The Bangladesh Observer, The Dainik Bangla, The Dainik Sangbad, The Dainik Protham Alo, The Dainik Janakantho, The Weekly Bichitra etc. Sometimes newspaper do harm by spreading wrong and false news. Then it creates evil ideas in the mind of the people. It is necessary to curb the newspaper by passing laws to prevent them from publishing misleading news. The functions of newspaper are many. It has brought the world to the corner of the home. Time and distance have been won by newspaper. Its very reputation causes it to be impartial, dignified and selective. And the public are thereby benefited. NEWSPAPER Introduction: Man is curious by nature. He wants to know what is happening around him in the world. The newspaper is the best medium to meet this curiosity. This is why it plays such an important role in the life of a civilized nation. This is why it plays such an important role in the life of a civilized nation. It has become a part and parecl of our daily life. Its history: The history of the newspaper dates back to the 16th century. China was the first country to introduce newspaper. In Europe, Venice was the first place to publish newspaper. During Maghal period, a kind of manuscript was in vogue in the Indo-Pak sub-continent. But its circulation was limited to a few high officials and courtiers. The “India Gazette” published in 1744 was the first newspaper in this sub­continent. The “Samachar Darpan” brought out by missionaries of Srerampur was the first Bengali newspaper. Kinds of newspaper: Newspapers are of various types, such as dailes, bi-weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. The daily newspapers are mainly read for news and views about daily affairs. Others are known as periodicals and magazines and they contain stories and articles largely. Longer works are printed in them in parts. Uses and importance: Newspaper is a store-house of knowledge. Modern newspapers have a wide ranger of subjects to meet different interests. Greater space is devoted to political and economical news. There are also news about literary and scientific matters, game sand sports, the stage and cinema, the stock­market etc. All important events of the world within the last twenty four hours, or so, such as, market condition, changes in railway times, government notifications, weather news etc reach us through newspaper. Its letter columns point out what is good or bad in society and government and thus promote the good of all. It also helps the growth of public opinion and keeps the government informed of it. The newspaper has also a great educative value. It helps us to keep abreast of the current the current events all over the world. It contains articles on various subjects that are very useful guides to all. It also has given us scope to learn the language spoken by the civilized people of the world. The newspaper is also the best medium of advertisement. This helps traders and consumers, too. It also carries all necessary information to those who need them for their occupational purpose.   The recreational value of a newspaper cannot be ignored. When we feel tired or lonely, we often take up a newspaper for relief.   Newspaper in Bangladesh: In Bangladesh, there are many kinds of newspaper. They are the Bangladesh Times, The Daily Star, The Independent, The Bangladesh Observer, The Dainik Bangla, The Dainik Sangbad, The Dainik Protham Alo, The Dainik Janakantho, The Weekly Bichitra etc. Draw-backs: Sometimes newspaper do harm by spreading wrong and false news. Then it creates evil ideas in the mind of the people. It is necessary to curb the newspaper by passing laws to prevent them from publishing misleading news. Conclusion: The functions of newspaper are many. It has brought the world to the corner of the home. Time and distance have been won by newspaper. Its very reputation causes, it to be impartial, dignified and selective. And the public are thereby benefited. NEWSPAPER Introduction: Newspaper is a gift of modern civilization. It is paper that carries news and views of home and abroad. It supplies us information in respect of all matters of the world. That’s why, it is said to be the mirror of the world. We can not do even a day without it. Its history: China was the first country to introduce newspaper. Venice brought out first newspaper in Europe. In England, it was first published during the reign of Queen Elizabeth. There was particularly no newspaper in this sub-continent before the English came. The Indian Gazette which was the first newspaper in Indo­Bangladesh was published in 1774. “The Samachar Darpan” was the first Bengali Newspaper. It was published in 1818. It was published by the Christian Missionaries.   Kinds of newspaper: Newspapers are of various kinds. They are dailies, bi­weeklies, weeklies, monthlies and even quarterlies. The dailies contain news and views about the daily affairs of the whole world. There are some other papers which are known as periodicals and magazines. They contain literary articles. We have newspaper both in Bengali and English. The leading Bengali newspapers are the Protham Alo, the Jugantar, the Dainik Janakantha, the Ittefaq, the Inqilab, the Sangbad. The English language dailies are the Independence, the Daily Star, the Bangladesh Observer, the New Nation and the Bangladesh Times. Necessity or role of newspaper: Newspaper plays an important role to all classes of people. Lawyers, traders, politicians, contractors, employment seekers, lovers of games and sports are in need of newspapers. Government orders and notices come out in newspapers. It helps the students to know and think of the world affairs. It moulds public opinion in favour of the Govt. and public leaders. It keeps us in close contact with the current affairs of the world. It gives us news about politics, economics, culture, literature, games and sports of the whole world. The newspaper has educative value. By reading it can know what the great thinkers think. Besides we can learn language if we read the newspaper carefully. The newspaper has some other uses to us in our everyday life. When flood or cyclone visits a place, the affected people can send the news of their distress through the newspaper. They can also move the government for help through it. Demerits: Sometimes newspapers can do harm to us. Some newspapers are party papers. They create party feelings among the people. It publishes false and harmful news for the sake of party. This false news misleads the people and cause havoc to national unity.   Conclusion:           Newspaper is so essential that no one can think of modern life without it. It should be impartial for the welfare of the country. Beside this, governments of different countries are afraid of the fearless criticism of newspaper and often have to gag them in order to maintain their popularity. This should not be so. Every government should confirm full freedom of its people and a free newspaper is the symbol of that freedom.  Newspaper (Introduction, Kinds/Varieties, Mistory, Importance, Advantages, Disadvantages, Conchuion) Newspaper is one of the greatest inventions of modern age. Indeed, the newspaper has now-a-days become part and parcel of our daily life. It gives us news of what happens daily at home and abroad. It is said to be the mirror of the world. The word "News" was formed with the first letters of the words North, East, West and South. Newspaper are of various kinds. They are dailies, biweeklies, monthlies and even quarterlies. Others are known as periodicals and magazines. They contain present news and views, stories, poems, essays, novels and dramas. The important dailies of Bangladesh are The Bangladesh Times, The Bangladesh Observer, The Dainik Ittefaq, The Dainik Sangbad, The Dainik Bangla, The Dainik Purbakone, The Dainik Azadi etc. Newspaper was first published in China. The 'India Gazette' was published in 1774 in this sub-continent. Christian Missionaries published the first newspaper named 'Samachar Darpan' in Bangla. Now-a-days innumerable newspapers are published all over the world. Newspapers exercise great influence on modern life. A modern newspaper supplies us with information about every sphere of human activity such as politics, society, education, science, discoveries, economic problems, business matters, theatre, radio, cinema, television and sports. It also contains advertisements. Newspapers supply us with news. We are interested to know what is going on in the world. We can know this by reading the newspaper. It gives us all sorts of news of our own country as well as of foreign countries. It also helps us to acquire general knowledge which is essential for our education. The newspaper has made the world smaller. It enables us to know manners and customs of the people all over the world and creates brotherhood among us. Sometimes newspapers can do harm to us. Some newspapers are party papers. They sometimes publish false news. These false news mislead the people and create havoc to national unity. We cannot think even for a moment of our modern life without newspapers. It is the educator of the people. So to speak, it is a great blessing of modern civilization. So, we should drea newspapers regularly. It is called the store house of knowledge.   A Newspaper Introduction : Ours is an age of science. Science has inverted a lot of gifts for the welfare of mankind. A newspaper is one of the wonders of modernscience. It is a paper which carries news and views of home and abroad to us. It is a store-house of knowledge. In the morning we wait eagerly for a newspaper. An educated, or a conscious person cannot go for a single day without: Its history : China is the country who first published the newspaper in the world. In Europe Venice was the first country to publish newspaper. The "Samacher Darpan" was the first Bengali newspaper which was published by the Missionaries of Sreerampur. The Indian Gazette was the first English newspaper of Irrdo-Bang adesh. Kinds of newspapers : There are many kinds of newspapers. They are dailies, the weeklies, the monthlies, the bi-weeklies. The dailies give us fresh news and views of the day. There are many kinds of newspaper in the world." Newspapers in Bangladesh : There are many newspapers in Bangladesh. They are the Ittefaq. the Sangbad, the Inquilab, the Janakantha, the Ajker Kagoj, the Jugantar, the Daily Star, the New Nation, the Bangladesh Observer etc. Contents : A newspaper contains all sorts of news and views, the market news, the political news, the sports news. The newspaper contains articles on agriculture, science, literature, arts, music, education film etc. It contains current news oit, various current topics and incidents. Besides, the periodic and the magazines contain stories, poems, essays, novels, dramas etc. Usefulness : A newspaper is very useful and important to all classes of people, It is the cheapest and the easiest means of mass communication and education. It als(i gives. us pleasure and joy and helps to grow public opinion. Students can enrich the kingdom of their knowledge by reading newspapers. By reading newspapers we can know many current news of various current topics and incidents of the world. The students, the artists, the lawyers and politicians can know many useful things by reading newspapers.   Bad effects/ Demerits : In spite of the. great importance and usefulness, a newspaper has some demerits/ defects too. Sometimes,. it publishes false and vague news which creates confusion and excitement among the people and (creates) misunderstanding,          chaos and evencrashes in the society.   Conclusion : A newspaper is the mirror of the whole world. Modern life is fully dependent on a newspaper. Without a newspaper we cannot even think of our own life. So, we should read newspaper daily. We should develop the habit of reading and buying newspapers. False and partial news should not be published, in a newspaper. Ad Ad

Paragraph Writing Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a beautiful country full of green land, rivers, birds, forests, and historic places. It also has six different seasons. This country is located near the Bay of Bengal. Every year, many nature lovers from different countries come to Bangladesh to see its natural beauty, amazing sights, and wildlife. Some famous places are Cox's Bazar Sea Beach, the Sundarbans, Srimongal Tea Garden, Jaflong, Rangamati, Bandarban, and Paharpur Buddha Vihara.Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata Sea Beach are popular because they offer a beautiful mix of sandy beaches, blue sky, and green forests. These beaches are special because visitors can see both the sunrise and sunset from the same spot. The beach slopes gently into the water, making it perfect for swimming or diving. The Sundarbans is the biggest mangrove forest in the world. It is home to many animals like the Royal Bengal Tiger, deer, monkeys, and elephants. The Sundori tree is a unique feature of the forest. There are also many beautiful birds that attract tourists. Srimangal, in the Sylhet region, is famous for its tea gardens and Seven Layered Tea. Jaflong is known for its stone fields, and the Mari River here is famous for its clear, glass-like water. You can even see the riverbed from the top of the water. In conclusion, if you love nature and beautiful green fields, you should visit these amazing places in Bangladesh. Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a country of gorgeous greenery on the shore of the Bay of Bengal which is enriched with natural beauty and resources, many rivers, birds, forests, historical places and above all, six seasons. Every year thousands of nature lover come from various countries come here to learn from nature, to see awesome creations and to know about wild lives. Amongst those places Cox’s Bazar Sea Beach, the Shundarbans, Srimongal Tea Garden, Jaflong, Rangamati, Bandarban, Paharpur Buddha Vihara and so on are well known worldwide. An excellent combination of the picturesque natural beauty, sandy beaches, blue sky and the shimmering expanse of water of the Bay of Bengal and the evergreen forest makes Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata Sea Beach a much sought after tourist destination. It is one of the unique spots which allow a visitor to watch both the sunrise and the sunset from the beach. This sandy beach slopes gently into the Bay and bathing there is as pleasant as is swimming or diving. The Shundarbans, the land of rare plants and animals, is the largest mangrove forest of the world. One can see Royal Bengal Tiger, a lot of deer, monkeys, and elephants and so on. The real beauty of Shundarbans is the Shundori tree which is really exceptional. Various types of birds always charm the tourists. Srimangal which is one of the hilly districts of Sylhet division is famous for tea gardens and Seven Layered tea. Jaflong is known as land of stone. The Mari River is well known to all due to transparent glass like river water. You can see the ground of river from the top of water. In fine, it can be said that if you love nature, love natural beauty and especially green field you must not forget to visit those places of Bangladesh. Model Answer-2 Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a beautiful country located by the Bay of Bengal. It is full of green fields, rivers, forests, and wildlife. There are also six different seasons in Bangladesh, which makes it even more special for nature lovers. Every year, many tourists from around the world come to Bangladesh to see its natural beauty. There are many famous places to visit, such as Cox's Bazar, the Shundarbans, Srimongal, Jaflong, and Paharpur. Cox's Bazar is a long sandy beach, one of the longest in the world, where visitors can enjoy the beauty of the sunrise and sunset. The beach slopes gently into the sea, making it a perfect place for swimming or relaxing by the water. Another popular place is the Shundarbans, which is the largest mangrove forest in the world. This forest is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger, deer, monkeys, and many other animals. The Shundarbans are also famous for the Sundari tree, which is a special kind of tree found only there. Birds of many kinds are always singing in this forest, attracting even more visitors. Srimongal, located in the Sylhet region, is known for its beautiful tea gardens. Tourists visit to see the lush green fields and taste the famous Seven Layered tea, which is a special drink made in the area. Jaflong is another beautiful place, known for its stones and the Mari River. The water in this river is so clear that you can see the bottom from the surface. In conclusion, Bangladesh is full of natural beauty with its green landscapes, rivers, and wildlife. People who love nature and want to experience peace and beauty should not miss visiting these special places in Bangladesh. Model Answer-3 Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a beautiful country known for its lush greenery, located by the Bay of Bengal. It is rich in natural beauty and resources, featuring many rivers, birds, forests, historical sites, and, importantly, six distinct seasons. Every year, thousands of nature lovers from different countries visit to explore its stunning landscapes and learn about its wildlife. Notable destinations include Cox’s Bazar, the longest sea beach in the world; the Sundarbans, home to unique plants and animals; and Srimongal, famous for its tea gardens. Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata are particularly popular for their sandy beaches, blue skies, and the vast waters of the Bay of Bengal. They are unique because visitors can watch both the sunrise and sunset from the beach. The gentle slope of the sandy beach makes it enjoyable for swimming and diving. The Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world and is known for its rich biodiversity, including the Royal Bengal Tiger, deer, monkeys, and elephants. The Sundori tree, a distinctive feature of this forest, adds to its beauty, while various bird species delight tourists with their presence. Srimongal, located in the Sylhet division, is famous for its tea gardens and the unique Seven Layered tea. Jaflong, known as the land of stone, is famous for the Mari River, whose clear, glass-like water allows visitors to see the riverbed beneath the surface. Overall, Bangladesh offers incredible natural beauty, and if you love nature and green fields, these places should not be missed. Whether you are exploring the forests, relaxing on the beaches, or enjoying the scenic landscapes, Bangladesh promises a memorable experience for all who visit. Composition / Essay Writing Natural Beauty of Bangladesh Bangladesh is known as a land of natural beauty and is often called nature's blessed child. Covering an area of 147,570 square kilometers, it is bordered by India to the north, west, and most parts of the east, while Myanmar lies to the southeast and the Bay of Bengal is to the south. Located in the temperate zone, Bangladesh is rich in rivers that change their appearance with the seasons. During the rainy season, the rivers create stunning views that captivate our eyes. Additionally, the long beach of Cox’s Bazar along the Bay of Bengal is a must-see destination. The country experiences six distinct seasons, each bringing its own beauty and charm. In summer, despite the intense heat, we enjoy delicious fruits. The rainy season, while sometimes causing floods, also blesses us with vibrant greenery. Autumn presents a magical scene with clouds, a bright blue sky, and enchanting moonlit nights. In winter, the fields are filled with crops and golden rice ready for harvest, offering a picturesque view. Spring transforms Bangladesh into a garden of flowers, filling the air with sweet fragrances. Bangladesh is adorned with numerous trees of various sizes, enhancing its beauty. The diverse fruits and flowers contribute colorful displays and delightful scents. Each natural region, including Rangamati, Khagrachori, Kaptai, Sylhet, Moinamati, the Sundarbans, and St. Martin’s Island, showcases extraordinary natural beauty. These places attract tourists and visitors from both home and abroad throughout the year due to their stunning scenery. It is widely acknowledged that Bangladesh is a unique beauty spot in the world. People often express joy and wonder at the unforgettable and breathtaking landscapes this country offers. The beauty of Bangladesh is profound and touches the hearts of those who experience it. Each season showcases different aspects of its natural beauty, making it a continuously enchanting place. For me, Bangladesh is the most beautiful country in the world, and I hold a deep love for my homeland. The combination of its rivers, hills, forests, and vibrant culture makes it truly special. In conclusion, the natural beauty of Bangladesh is unmatched, and it deserves to be celebrated and cherished. THE NATURAL BEAUTIES OF BANGLADESH   Bangladesh is called a land of natural beauties. She is nature's darling child. No other country of the world, is so blessed with the beauty of nature as Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a land of rivers. So many rivers have flowed through the country making it a beautiful waterland. The beauties of the rivers of Bangladesh is like a dream. The banks of the rivers present an unbroken view of a variety of sights which enchant the eyes. The grand spectacle of the rivers on a moonlit night is simply bewitching. The Bay of Bengal is another beautiful gift of nature. The blue water of the sea and its rising waves are always a pleasant sight which cools our turbulent mind within a moment. The sea-beach of Cox's Bazar is a nice place for the nature lovers. It is the longest sea-beach in the world. The Saint Martin island is a gift of nature in the Bay of Bengal. The Sundarbans, largest mangrove forest of the world is another bountiful gift of nature. Its wild life and mysterious setting makes it more charming. There is always the play of light and shade in the land. She enjoys the pleasure of sunny weather, luxury of colours and throws an appeal of an unending expanse of greenery. Her green fields overflowing with golden crops, the spotless blue and cloudy sky, her moonlit and pitch-dark night— all these present scenes of romantic charm and beauty. In Bangladesh, six seasons in their distinctive roles, come in procession and adorn our land with exquisite beauty. There are some hilly areas in Bangladesh which are the home of natural beauty. The tea gardens in the hill slopes in Sylhet are very charming spots. The small hills in Mymensingh area are also very beautiful landscapes. The presence of tribal people there makes this place more beautiful. Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarbans are the three hilly districts where nature has opened her wings of beauty. The beautiful lakes and fountains of crystal-clear water are easily noticeable here which charm us all. The natural beauties have made this country the homeland of many animals and birds. So, no one can deny that Bangladesh is a matchless beauty spot in the world. Bangla Translation বাংলাদেশের প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্য বাংলাদেশকে প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্যের দেশ বলা হয়। এটি প্রকৃতির প্রিয় সন্তান। পৃথিবীর আর কোন দেশ বাংলাদেশের মতো প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্যে এত সমৃদ্ধ নয়। বাংলাদেশ নদীর দেশ। অসংখ্য নদী এই দেশ দিয়ে প্রবাহিত হয়েছে, যা এটিকে একটি সুন্দর জলভূমিতে পরিণত করেছে। বাংলাদেশের নদীগুলোর সৌন্দর্য এক প্রকার স্বপ্নের মতো। নদীর তীরগুলো নানা রকম দৃশ্যের অবিরাম চিত্র তুলে ধরে, যা চোখকে মুগ্ধ করে। চাঁদের আলোয় নদীর মহান দৃশ্য সত্যিই আকর্ষণীয়। বঙ্গোপসাগরও প্রকৃতির আরেকটি সুন্দর উপহার। সমুদ্রের নীল জল ও তার উত্থানশীল ঢেউ সবসময় একটি মনোরম দৃশ্য, যা আমাদের অস্থির মনে তৎক্ষণাৎ শান্তি এনে দেয়। কক্সবাজারের সমুদ্রসৈকত প্রকৃতি প্রেমীদের জন্য একটি সুন্দর স্থান। এটি বিশ্বের দীর্ঘতম সমুদ্রসৈকত। সেন্ট মার্টিন দ্বীপ বঙ্গোপসাগরের এক প্রাকৃতিক উপহার। সুন্দরবন, বিশ্বের সর্ববৃহৎ ম্যানগ্রোভ বন, আরেকটি প্রাকৃতিক দান। এর বন্য জীবন ও রহস্যময় পরিবেশ এটিকে আরও আকর্ষণীয় করে তোলে। এ দেশে আলো ও ছায়ার খেলা সবসময় চলে। এখানে রৌদ্রজ্জ্বল আবহাওয়ার আনন্দ, রঙের বৈভব এবং শেষ না হওয়া সবুজের বিস্তারের আবেদন উপভোগ করা হয়। এর সবুজ ক্ষেতগুলো সোনালী শস্যে ভরা, নির্দোষ নীল ও মেঘলা আকাশ, তার চাঁদনী ও পিচ-অন্ধকার রাত—সবই রোমান্টিক মাধুর্যের দৃশ্য তৈরি করে। বাংলাদেশে ছয়টি ঋতু তাদের স্বতন্ত্র ভূমিকায় এসে আমাদের দেশকে অপূর্ব সৌন্দর্যে সাজিয়ে তোলে। বাংলাদেশের কিছু পাহাড়ী এলাকা প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্যের আবাসস্থল। সিলেটের পাহাড়ী ঢালে চা বাগানগুলো খুবই মনোমুগ্ধকর। ময়মনসিংহের ছোট পাহাড়গুলোও সুন্দর প্রাকৃতিক দৃশ্য। সেখানে উপজাতীয় মানুষের উপস্থিতি এই স্থানটিকে আরও আকর্ষণীয় করে তোলে। রাঙ্গামাটি, খাগড়াছড়ি ও বান্দরবান হলো তিনটি পাহাড়ী জেলা, যেখানে প্রকৃতি তার সৌন্দর্যের ডানা খুলেছে। এখানে দৃষ্টিনন্দন স্বচ্ছ জলের বিশাল হ্রদ ও ঝর্ণা সহজেই দেখা যায়, যা আমাদের সকলকে মুগ্ধ করে। প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্য এই দেশকে বিভিন্ন প্রাণী ও পাখির আবাসস্থল করে তুলেছে। তাই কেউই অস্বীকার করতে পারে না যে বাংলাদেশ পৃথিবীর একটি অতুলনীয় সৌন্দর্যের স্থান। Vocabulary: Words and phrases from your text with their meanings in easy English, Bangla, Hindi, and Chinese: Word/Phrase Meaning (Easy English) Bangla Hindi Chinese Bangladesh A country in South Asia বাংলাদেশ बांग्लादेश 孟加拉国 natural beauty The beautiful features of nature প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্য प्राकृतिक सुंदरता 自然美 land of rivers A place with many flowing water bodies নদীর দেশ नदियों का देश 河流之国 waterland A land rich in water bodies জলভূমি जल भूमि 水域 enchanting sights Beautiful views that attract attention মুগ্ধকর দৃশ্য मोहक दृश्य 迷人的景象 moonlit night A night illuminated by the moon চাঁদের আলোয় রাত चाँदनी रात 月光夜 Bay of Bengal A large body of water next to Bangladesh বঙ্গোপসাগর बंगाल की खाड़ी 孟加拉湾 sandy beach A beach with soft, light-colored sand বালুকাময় সৈকত रेतीला समुद्र तट 沙滩 longest sea beach The beach that stretches further than any other বিশ্বের দীর্ঘতম সৈকত दुनिया का सबसे लंबा समुद्र तट 世界上最长的海滩 Saint Martin Island A beautiful island in the Bay of Bengal সেন্ট মার্টিন দ্বীপ सेंट मार्टिन द्वीप 圣马丁岛 largest mangrove forest The biggest area of mangrove trees in the world বিশ্বের বৃহত্তম ম্যানগ্রোভ বন दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा मैंग्रोव वन 世界上最大的红树林 wildlife Animals living in their natural environment বন্যপ্রাণী वन्यजीव 野生动物 biodiversity Variety of different living things in a particular area জীববৈচিত্র্য जैव विविधता 生物多样性 unique plants Special types of plants that are not found elsewhere অনন্য গাছ अद्वितीय पौधे 独特植物 captivating views Extremely attractive sights আকর্ষণীয় দৃশ্য मोहक दृश्य 迷人的景象 lush green fields Rich, green areas filled with plants ঘন সবুজ ক্ষেত हरे-भरे खेत 郁郁葱葱的田野 tea gardens Places where tea is grown and harvested চা বাগান चाय के बाग 茶园 Seven Layered tea A special drink made from different layers সাত স্তরের চা सात परतों की चाय 七层茶 Jaflong A place known for stones and clear rivers জাফলং जफलोंग 贾夫隆 Mari River A river known for its clear water মারী নদী मारी नदी 玛丽河 crystal-clear water Very clear and transparent water স্ফটিকস্বচ্ছ জল क्रिस्टल स्पष्ट जल 水晶清澈的水 hilly areas Regions with hills পাহাড়ি এলাকা पहाड़ी क्षेत्र 山区 charming spots Beautiful places that attract visitors মনোরম স্থান आकर्षक स्थल 迷人景点 natural resources Materials and components found in nature প্রাকৃতিক সম্পদ प्राकृतिक संसाधन 自然资源 peace and tranquility A state of calmness and quiet শান্তি এবং নিশ্চয়তা शांति और शांतता 平和与宁静 breathtaking landscapes Extremely beautiful views of nature শ্বাসরুদ্ধকর দৃশ্য सांस रोकने वाले दृश्य 令人叹为观止的景观 seasonal changes Changes that happen in different times of the year ঋতু পরিবর্তন ऋतु परिवर्तन 季节变化 With Bangla Translation Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a beautiful country located by the Bay of Bengal. (বাংলাদেশ একটি সুন্দর দেশ, যা বঙ্গোপসাগরের ধারে অবস্থিত।) It is full of green fields, rivers, forests, and wildlife. (এটি সবুজ ক্ষেত্র, নদী, বন, এবং বন্যজীবন দ্বারা পূর্ণ।) There are also six different seasons in Bangladesh, which makes it even more special for nature lovers. (বাংলাদেশে ছয়টি ভিন্ন মৌসুমও রয়েছে, যা প্রকৃতি প্রেমীদের জন্য এটিকে আরও বিশেষ করে তোলে।) Every year, many tourists from around the world come to Bangladesh to see its natural beauty. (প্রতিবছর, বিশ্বের বিভিন্ন স্থান থেকে অনেক পর্যটক বাংলাদেশে আসেন তার প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দর্য দেখতে।) There are many famous places to visit, such as Cox's Bazar, the Shundarbans, Srimongal, Jaflong, and Paharpur. (দর্শনীয় অনেক বিখ্যাত স্থান রয়েছে, যেমন কক্সবাজার, সুন্দরবন, শ্রীমঙ্গল, জাফলং, এবং পাহাড়পুর।) Cox's Bazar is a long sandy beach, one of the longest in the world, where visitors can enjoy the beauty of the sunrise and sunset. (কক্সবাজার একটি দীর্ঘ বালুকাময় সৈকত, যা বিশ্বের দীর্ঘতম সৈকতগুলোর মধ্যে একটি, যেখানে দর্শকরা সূর্যোদয় এবং সূর্যাস্তের সৌন্দর্য উপভোগ করতে পারেন।) The beach slopes gently into the sea, making it a perfect place for swimming or relaxing by the water. (সৈকতটি সাগরে হালকা ঢাল দিয়ে ঢুকে যায়, যা সাঁতার কাটার বা পানির ধারে বিশ্রাম নেওয়ার জন্য একটি নিখুঁত স্থান।) Another popular place is the Shundarbans, which is the largest mangrove forest in the world. (অন্য একটি জনপ্রিয় স্থান হল সুন্দরবন, যা বিশ্বের সবচেয়ে বড় ম্যানগ্রোভ বন।) This forest is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger, deer, monkeys, and many other animals. (এই বন রয়েল বেঙ্গল টাইগার, মোষ, বাঁদর, এবং অন্যান্য অনেক প্রাণীর আবাসস্থল।) The Shundarbans are also famous for the Sundari tree, which is a special kind of tree found only there. (সুন্দরবন সুন্দরী গাছের জন্যও বিখ্যাত, যা একটি বিশেষ ধরনের গাছ যা শুধুমাত্র সেখানে পাওয়া যায়।) Birds of many kinds are always singing in this forest, attracting even more visitors. (বিভিন্ন ধরনের পাখি এই বনে সবসময় গান গায়, যা আরও বেশি দর্শকদের আকৃষ্ট করে।) Srimongal, located in the Sylhet region, is known for its beautiful tea gardens. (শ্রীমঙ্গল, যা সিলেট অঞ্চলে অবস্থিত, তার সুন্দর চা বাগানের জন্য পরিচিত।) Tourists visit to see the lush green fields and taste the famous Seven Layered tea, which is a special drink made in the area. (পর্যটকরা এই সবুজ ক্ষেত্রগুলি দেখতে এবং এলাকার তৈরি বিখ্যাত সেভেন লেয়ার্ড চা স্বাদ নিতে আসেন।) Jaflong is another beautiful place, known for its stones and the Mari River. (জাফলং একটি অন্য সুন্দর স্থান, যা এর পাথর এবং মরি নদীর জন্য পরিচিত।) The water in this river is so clear that you can see the bottom from the surface. (এই নদীর জল এত পরিষ্কার যে আপনি পৃষ্ঠ থেকে তল দেখতে পারেন।) In conclusion, Bangladesh is full of natural beauty with its green landscapes, rivers, and wildlife. (সংক্ষেপে, বাংলাদেশ তার সবুজ প্রাকৃতিক দৃশ্য, নদী এবং বন্যজীবনে পূর্ণ।) People who love nature and want to experience peace and beauty should not miss visiting these special places in Bangladesh. (যারা প্রকৃতি ভালোবাসেন এবং শান্তি ও সৌন্দর্য অনুভব করতে চান, তাদের বাংলাদেশে এই বিশেষ স্থানগুলি দেখার সুযোগ হাতছাড়া করা উচিত নয়।)

Paragraph Writing Composition / Essay Writing NATIONAL LOCAL GAME OF BANGLADESH Games and sports is an inseparable event of our life. Games entertain us to remove our monotony in daily life. Bangladesh is a land of merriment. Many games are locally played in this country. Among them Ha-du-du (Kabadi) is one of them and it is our national game. It is an outdoor game. It is played in our countryside after the paddy is harvested. Now it is played as our national game. Ha-du-du is played generally by young men ---- between two parties. A small but level ground is used for this game. A line is drawn along the middle of the area, so as to mark out the two halves. Each half is occupied by one of the two parties. The young, strong and stout boys of the country play this game. Each team generally consists of 5 or 7 players. The umpire decides the numbers of the players. The players stand face to face in a semi-circle. At the whistle of the umpire, one of the players goes across the middle line into the area of the other party, keeping up his breath and all the while uttering the words “Ha-du-du.” His object is to touch one or more players of the opponent team. If he is successful in his attempt and comes back to his own area, the touched players are called ‘dead’ in the language of the game. On the other hand the players of rival team try to hold the calling player in their area. If they are successful in doing so, “Ha-du­du”, he is then said to have died. One member of a party is revived by the death of a member of the opposite party. Thus the parties, by turn, send forth players, one at a time, to the opponent’s court. If all the players of one party have some of its players still living and not dead, the former party is said to have been defeated. The surviving party is declared to have won the game. This is the first round of the game. If time permits and the spectators so desire, there is the second round of the game. Ha-du-du is a very interesting game. The interesting part of the game is the struggle of the player when he is caught. We cannot but laugh when a player is caught by rival team and declared dead. The moment he comes out of the snare is very exciting and thrilling and there is a great applause for him. Ha-du-du is a physical game. So it helps to make our rural players strong and physically fit. The game does not require a large playground and is not at all a costly game, as it requires no instruments. Our villagers can easily afford it. It is a sweet costing game, and so it is good health. It is a unique game which gives maximum satisfaction with minimum cost. The game is not free from demerits because sometimes, players get injured. As it is a game of muscular power, some players show their strength in an unethical way, not is an ethical way. This brings clash between two sides. It is a great defect of this game. Once ‘Ha-du-du” was a very popular game in the villages. But not it has lost its appeal to the modern youths. Bangladesh won success in the last Asian Games, 1998 and got the only bronze medal. If this game is made free from all kinds of defects, it will surely give us more pleasure and joys. Ha-du-du is the most interesting of all the country games. Through this game our countrymen get an opportunity to refresh themselves. It is also the symbol of our glorious, rural culture. Considering its physical base, the game should be made popular with the youths. And proper steps should be taken to make this game frequent in the world of games. Any Local Game of Bangladesh Or, The Country Game Sports play an important part in giving us complete education. It gives us pleasure in our day to day life. That's why games and sports have become a part and parcel in our system of education and national life. Ha-du-du is one of the national games of our country. Games are of two kinds - outdoor and indoor. Some games have originated abroad and some are our country or local games. The game of ha-du-du is an outdoor game of our country. It is played on a smooth, grassy and plain ground. The playground is generally 25 cubits long and 15 cubits wide. This ground is divided into two equal halves /parts by drawing a line at the middle across of the total specified area. The parts are called court and the line is called land mark. I ho players are divided into two parties /teams consisting of equal number of players. Generally each team consists of seven to eight members. 'The players stand face to face in a line or in the form of a semi-circle. I ach team stands in one part of the ground. A player of either team goes into the court of the other team by holding his breath and utters all along words 'ha-du-du' in one breath. He tries to touch a player or more of opposite team. If he can touch and reach his own court / area, he is out. The opposite players touched by him are out. On the contrary, if is caught by the enemy players and is held till he loses his breath, he is t. The game is over when all the players of one team are out. The team ose players are out is said to be defeated. On the other hand, the team et survives, wins the game. This local game helps the development of all the limbs of the body. It also teaches co-operation, unity and discipline. No money is needed to play the game. So, it is widely played in the villages of Bangladesh. Ha du-du is a very interesting game in Bangladesh. The interesting parts of the game are keeping the breath under control to make the player die or die and the making of ha-du-du sounds. The art of catching an enemy is really interesting. Ha-du-du is an excellent game. All of us should take interest in the 6,volopment of the game of Ha-du-du. It is our national game no doubt but we- should take effective steps to popularize this game in the international sectors also. Vocabulary 60 vocabulary words, along with their English, Bangla, and Hindi meanings related to the content of "National Local Game of Bangladesh": English Word Bangla Meaning Hindi Meaning Games খেলা खेल Sports ক্রীড়া खेलकूद Life জীবন जीवन Entertain বিনোদন দেওয়া मनोरंजन करना Monotony একঘেয়েমি नीरसता Merriment আনন্দ खुशी Locally স্থানীয়ভাবে स्थानीय रूप से National game জাতীয় খেলা राष्ट्रीय खेल Outdoor বাহিরে बाहरी Countryside গ্রামাঞ্চল ग्रामीण क्षेत्र Paddy ধান धान Harvested কাটা कटाई Umpire অপরাধী न्यायधीश Party দল पक्ष Semi-circle অর্ধবৃত্ত अर्धवृत्त Whistle শিঙা सीटी Object লক্ষ্য उद्देश्य Touch স্পর্শ छूना Attempt প্রচেষ্টা प्रयास Rival প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বী प्रतिद्वंद्वी Hold ধরা पकड़ना Dead মৃত मृत Revive পুনরুজ্জীবিত पुनर्जीवित Survive বেঁচে থাকা जीवित रहना Defeated পরাজিত पराजित Winner বিজয়ী विजेता Round রাউন্ড दौर Spectators দর্শক दर्शक Struggle সংগ্রাম संघर्ष Exciting উত্তেজনাপূর্ণ रोमांचक Thrilling রোমাঞ্চকর रोमांचक Applause প্রশংসা सराहना Physical শারীরিক शारीरिक Fit ফিট फिट Costly ব্যয়বহুল महंगा Instrument যন্ত্র उपकरण Afford বহনযোগ্য वहन करना Sweet মিষ্টি मीठा Health স্বাস্থ্য स्वास्थ्य Unique অনন্য अद्वितीय Maximum সর্বাধিক अधिकतम Minimum ন্যূনতম न्यूनतम Injury আঘাত चोट Muscular পেশীগত मांसपेशीय Ethical নৈতিক नैतिक Clash সংঘর্ষ टकराव Defect ত্রুটি दोष Appeal আবেদন अपील Youths যুবক युवा Success সাফল্য सफलता Bronze medal ব্রোঞ্জ পদক कांस्य पदक Defects ত্রুটি दोष Pleasure আনন্দ खुशी Symbol প্রতীক प्रतीक Glorious গৌরবময় गौरवमयी Rural culture গ্রামীণ সংস্কৃতি ग्रामीण संस्कृति Refresh পুনরুজ্জীবিত করা ताजगी देना Physical base শারীরিক ভিত্তি शारीरिक आधार Popular জনপ্রিয় लोकप्रिय Proper steps যথাযথ পদক্ষেপ उचित कदम Frequent ঘন ঘন अक्सर World of games খেলার দুনিয়া खेलों की दुनिया

SSC Dhaka Board -2024 English 2nd Paper Question with Answer   ENGLISH SECOND PAPER [According to the Syllabus of 2024] Subject Code: 10 8 Time 3 hours Full marks-100 [N.B. The figures in the right margin indicate full marks.] Part-A-Grammar 1. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words. You may need to use one word more than once: 0.5x10=5 gentle the way visit nature by big of hills   The Kaptai Lake is located in the hilly district of Rangamati. This is the (a) _____ lake in Bangladesh. The (b) _____ beauty of this lake is well-known to all. This huge lake stretches for miles touching different parts (c) _____ Rangamati district. There are rows of high mountains all around. Between the hills flows the lake water in a zigzag (d) _____. The bottoms of the (e) _____ are submerged in water. When we look at them from a distance, it seems that (f) _____ hills are floating on water. Being attracted (g) _____ its captivating natural beauty, every year a great number of nature lovers (h) _____ it. There is an arrangement for boat journey as well. A number (i) _____ colourful boats are ready to welcome the tourists. A (j) ______ breeze is always blowing. It cools the tourists and soothes their minds. 2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words: 0.5x10=5 Students teachers’ relationship is regarded as the relationship (a) ______ parents and children. A teacher is next (b) ______ parents. Parents (c) ______ up children. On the (d) ______ hand, a teacher guides the students to materialize their (e) ______ . A teacher spreads the (f) ______ of education to remove the (g) ______ of ignorance. As a (h) ______, a student can see the path of prosperity. Thus a teacher helps build up a civilized (i) ______ . So he is really called (j) ______ architect of a nation. 3. Make five sentences using the parts of sentences from each column of the table below: 1x5=5 (a) Good health does not mean a vital role in attaining this wealth. (b) Bulky body makes the soundness of both body and mind. (c) To be a healthy man one leads our life happy and enjoyable. (d) Food habit should have an unhappy life. (e) An unhealthy man plays good health. 4. Complete the following text with right forms of the verbs given in the box: 0.5x10=5 entertain order need become take make want wish be arrive A birthday party is arranged to celebrate the day when one was born. It (a) ______ a happy occasion. Recently it (b) ______ a tradition to organize a birthday party. For organizing such a party, one (c) ______ to spend both time and money. He/she starts (d) ______ preparation from some days ago. A birthday cake (e) ______ earlier. Then, he/she invites his/her close friends and relatives. Usually, friends (f) ______ to miss such a party. On the appointed day, he/she puts on the best dress and eagerly waits for the invited guests to (g) ______. After the arrival of the guests, he/she cuts the birthday cake. By singing happy birthday to you, everybody (h) ______ him/her. The guests are highly (i) ______ with delicious foods and snacks. Sometimes there is arrangement for music with a view to (j) ______ the party more enjoyable. 5. Change the narrative style of the following text: 5 “Why are you putting up the foods in your pockets, sir? Why don’t you eat?” asked the noble man. “I’m doing the right thing. My dress deserves these foods,” replied Sheikh Saadi. “I don’t understand what you want to mean and I’m sorry,” said the noble man. 6. Change the sentence according to directions: 1x10=10 (a) How charming a moonlit night is! (Assertive) (b) It presents a very beautiful sight. (Exclamatory) (c) It dazzles our eyes and soothes our heart. (Negative) (d) People of all ages enjoy a moonlit night. (Interrogative) (e) Little boys and girls make merriment to enjoy themselves. (Complex) (f) Everybody likes a moonlit night. (Passive) (g) Though the moon gives us light, it does not have the light of its own. (Compound) (h) Very few beauties of nature are as charming as a moonlit night. (Comparative) (i) Unless one enjoys the beauty of a moonlit night, one cannot explain it properly. (Simple) (j) In fact, a moonlit night is very pleasant. (Negative) 7. Complete the following sentences: 1x5=5 (a) 1971 is the year when ______. (b) Bangladesh gained her freedom after ______. (c) Our brave sons sacrificed their lives so that ______ . (d) We should pay due tribute to those heroes who ______ . (e) Unless we work unitedly, ______ . 8. Complete the text adding suffixes, prefixes or both to the root words given in the parenthesis: 0.5x10=5 Books are our best friends. They introduce us to the realm of (a) ______ (limited) knowledge. The books of great (b) ______ (write) contain noble thoughts and great ideas. We can (c) ______ (rich) our mind by reading books. The reading of books brings (d) ______ (perfect). No spiritual progress and worldly (e) ______ (prosper) can be imagined (f) ______ (with) reading books. (g) ______ (true) speaking, reading books is such a thing which has no (h) ______ (alternate). So, we should read books on (i) ______ (vary) topics so that we may bring proper (j) ______ (develop) of our spirit. 9. Add tag questions to the statements below: 1x5=5 (a) Many people hanker after money, ______? (b) But money is not as valuable as morality, ______? (c) Let us always keep this truth in mind , ______? (d) Money can hardly bring happiness, ______? (e) So, we should never have greed for money, ______? 10. Complete the following passage using suitable connectors: 1x5=5 It is known to all (a) ______ gold is a valuable metal. There are many metals cheaper than gold though they look like it. (b) ______ they glitter for sometimes, they fade away in the long run. In our society there are also many people (c) ______ are outwardly very gentle and polished. Later on, their real identity is revealed (d) ______ they do not exercise moral values. That’s why people say, “All (e) ______ glitters is not gold.” 11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: 5 what kind of stories did aesop tell said abdullah fables replied mr rahman do you know what fables are no replied abdullah well continued mr rahman fables are stories with a message or a moral. 12. Suppose, you are Habib/Habiba and you have recently obtained MBA from Cumilla University. You have seen a vacancy advertisement in ‘The New Nation’ that a renowned private company is going to appoint an Assistant Marketing Officer. Now, write a CV with a cover letter for the post. 8 13. Suppose, you are Shuvo/Shova, a student of class IX. Your school is a reputed school but there is no canteen in your school. Now, write an application to the Headmaster of your school for setting up a canteen in your school. 10 14. Write a paragraph on ‘The Life of a Farmer.’ 10 15. Write a composition about ‘The Importance of Reading Newspaper.’ 12     Key   SSC Dhaka Board -2024 English 2nd Paper Question with Answer   English 2nd Paper According to the syllabus of 2024 Subject Code: 108Time: 3 hours Full Marks: 100 [Figures in right margin indicate full marks] Part A—Grammar Marks: 60 1.    Fill in the blanks with words from the box. You may need to change the forms of some of the words. You may need to use one word more than once:   gentle by      the     way   of       visit   hills   nature biggest        natural         colourful The Kaptai Lake is located in the hilly district of Rangamati. This is the (a) _____ lake in Bangladesh. The (b) _____ beauty of this lake is well-known to all. This huge lake stretches for miles touching different parts (c) _____ Rangamati district. There are rows of high mountains all around. Between the hills flows the lake water in a (d) _____ manner. The bottoms of the (e) _____ are submerged in water. When we look at them from a distance, it seems that the (f) _____ hills are floating on water. Being attracted (g) _____ its captivating natural beauty, every year a great number of nature lovers (h) _____ it. There is an arrangement for boat journeys as well. A number of (i) _____ boats are ready to welcome the tourists. A breeze is always blowing. It cools the tourists and soothes their minds. Answers: (a) biggest(b) natural(c) of(d) gentle(e) hills(f) biggest(g) by(h) visit(i) colourful 2.    Fill in the blanks with suitable words: Students' and teachers' relationship is regarded as the relationship (a) _____ parents and children. A teacher is next (b) _____ parents. Parents (c) _____ up children. On the (d) _____ hand, a teacher guides the students to materialize their (e) _____. A teacher spreads the (f) _____ of education to remove the (g) _____ of ignorance. As a (h) _____, a student can see the path of prosperity. A teacher helps build up a (i) _____ nation. So, the teacher is really called the (j) _____ of a nation. Answers: (a) to(b) to(c) bring(d) other(e) dreams(f) light(g) curse(h) result(i) prosperous(j) architect       3.    Make one sentence using parts of the sentences from each column of the table below:   a)       Good health makes our life happy and enjoyable. b)     A bulky body does not mean good health. c)     To be a healthy man, one should have the soundness of both body and mind. d)        Food habits play a vital role in attaining good health. e)        An unhealthy man leads an unhappy life.     4.    Complete the following text with the correct forms of the verbs given in the box:   entertain, make, order, want, need, wish, become, be, take, arrive   A birthday party is arranged to celebrate the day when one was born. It (a) _____ a happy occasion; recently it (b) _____ a tradition to organize a birthday party. For organizing such a party, one (c) _____ to spend both time and money. He/she starts (d) _____ preparation from some days ago. A birthday cake (e) _____ ordered earlier. Then, he/she invites his/her close friends and relatives. Usually, friends (f) _____ to miss such a party. On the appointed day, he/she puts on the best dress and eagerly waits for the invited guests to (g) _____. After the arrival of the guests, he/she cuts the birthday cake. By singing "Happy Birthday to You," everybody (h) _____ him/her. The guests are highly (i) _____ with delicious foods and snacks. Sometimes there is an arrangement for music with a view to (j) _____ the party more enjoyable. Answers: (a) is(b) has become(c) needs(d) taking(e) is(f) do not want(g) arrive(h) wishes(i) entertained(j) making   5.    Change the narrative style of the following text:   Direct Speech:  "Why are you putting up the foods in your pockets, sir? Why don’t you eat?" asked the noble man. "I'm doing the right thing. My dress deserves these foods," replied Sheikh Saadi. "I don’t understand what you mean, and I'm sorry," said the noble man.   Indirect Speech:  The nobleman asked Sheikh Saadi why he was putting the food in his pockets and why he didn’t eat. Sheikh Saadi replied that he was doing the right thing and added that his dress deserved those rich dishes. The nobleman said that he didn’t understand what Sheikh Saadi meant and added that he was sorry.     6. Change the sentences according to the directions given: (a) How charming a moonlit night is!  (Assertive)(b) It presents a very beautiful sight.  (Exclamatory)(c) It not only dazzles our eyes but also soothes our hearts.  (Negative)(d) Do people of all ages enjoy a moonlit night?  (Interrogative)(e) Little boys and girls make merriment so that they can enjoy themselves. (Complex)(f) A moonlit night is liked by everybody.  (Passive)(g) Although the moon gives us light, it does not have light of its own. (Compound)(h) Very few beauties of nature are as charming as a moonlit night. (Comparative)(i) Unless one enjoys the beauty of a moonlit night, one cannot explain it properly.  (Simple)(j) In fact, a moonlit night is not unpleasant.  (Negative)   Answers:  (a) How charming a moonlit night is! (Assertive)(b) What a beautiful sight it presents! (Exclamatory)(c) It not only dazzles our eyes but also soothes our hearts. (Negative)(d) Do people of all ages enjoy a moonlit night? (Interrogative)(e) Little boys and girls make merriment so that they can enjoy themselves. (Complex)(f) A moonlit night is liked by everybody. (Passive)(g) Although the moon gives us light, it does not have light of its own. (Compound)(h) Very few beauties of nature are as charming as a moonlit night. (Comparative)(i) Unless one enjoys the beauty of a moonlit night, one cannot explain it properly. (Simple)(j) In fact, a moonlit night is not unpleasant. (Negative)     7. Complete the following sentences: (a) 1971 is the year when ____________ .(b) Bangladesh gained her freedom after ____________ .(c) Our brave sons sacrificed their lives so that ____________ .(d) We should pay due tribute to those heroes who ____________ .(e) Unless we work unitedly, ____________ .   Answers:   (a) 1971 is the year when Bangladesh gained its independence .(b) Bangladesh gained her freedom after a long struggle .(c) Our brave sons sacrificed their lives so that we could achieve independence .(d) We should pay due tribute to those heroes who sacrificed their lives for our country .(e) Unless we work unitedly, we will not be able to develop our country .     8.Complete the text by adding suffixes, prefixes, or both to the root words given in parentheses: Books are our best friends. They introduce us to the realm of (a) ____ (limit) knowledge. The books of great (b) ____ (write) contain noble thoughts and great ideas. We can (c) ____ (rich) our mind by reading books. The reading of books brings (d) ____ (perfect). No spiritual progress and worldly (e) ____ (prosper) can be imagined (f) ____ (with) reading books. (g) ____ (True) speaking, reading books is such a thing which has no (h) ____ (alternate). So, we should read books on (i) ____ (vary) topics so that we may bring proper (j) ____ (develop) of our spirit. Answers: (a) unlimited (b) writers (c) enrich (d) perfection (e) prosperity (f) without (g) Truly (h) alternative (i) various (j) development   9. Add tag questions to the statements below: (a) Many people hanker after money, ____________ ?(b) But money is not as valuable as morality, ____________ ?(c) Let us always keep this truth in mind, ____________ ?(d) Money can hardly bring happiness, ____________ ?(e) So, we should never have greed for money, ____________ ?   Answer: (a) Many people hanker after money, don't they ?(b) But money is not as valuable as morality, is it ?(c) Let us always keep this truth in mind, shall we ?(d) Money can hardly bring happiness, can it ?(e) So, we should never have greed for money, should we ?   10.Complete the following passage using suitable connectors 1x5 =5 It is known to all (a) — gold is n valuable metal there are ninny metals cheaper than gold though they look like It (b)— they glitter for sometimes. they fade away in the long run. In our society there arc also many people (c) — are outwardly very gentle and polished. Liter on. their real identity is revealed (d) — they do not exercise moral values. That's why people say, "All (e) — glitters is not gold "   Answers:  (a) that(b) although(c) who(d) as(e) that     11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: what kind of stories did mop tell said abdullah fables replied mr rahman do you know what fables are no replied abdultah well continued mr rahman fables arc stories with a message or a moral   Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: "What kind of stories did Aesop tell?" asked Abdullah."Fables," replied Mr. Rahman. "Do you know what fables are?""No," replied Abdullah."Well," continued Mr. Rahman, "fables are stories with a message or a moral."           Part B—Composition Marks: 40 12.  Suppose you are Habib/Habiba, and you have recently obtained an MBA from Cumilla University. You have seen a vacancy advertisement in The New Nation  for the position of Assistant Marketing Officer at a renowned private company. Write a CV with a cover letter for the post. 13.  Suppose you are Shuvo/Shova, a student of class IX. Your school is a reputed institution, but there is no canteen in your school. Write an application to the Headmaster of your school requesting the establishment of a canteen. 14.  Write a paragraph on "The Role of a Farmer." 15.  Write a composition about "The Importance of Reading Newspapers."       Answer 12. CV and Cover Letter for the Position of Assistant Marketing Officer [Cover Letter] [Your Name][Your Address][City, State, Zip Code][Email Address][Phone Number][Date] Hiring Manager [Company’s Name][Company’s Address][City, State, Zip Code] Dear Hiring Manager, I am writing to express my interest in the position of Assistant Marketing Officer as advertised in The New Nation . I recently completed my MBA from Cumilla University, where I specialized in Marketing and gained significant knowledge and experience in the field. During my studies, I developed strong skills in market analysis, consumer behavior, and strategic planning. I also completed an internship where I contributed to developing marketing strategies and campaigns, which enhanced my practical understanding of the industry. I am eager to bring my skills and enthusiasm to your esteemed company. I am confident that my educational background and hands-on experience make me a strong candidate for this position. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences align with your needs. Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the possibility of contributing to your team. Sincerely,[Your Name] [Curriculum Vitae] Personal Information Name: [Your Name]Address: [Your Address]Phone: [Your Phone Number]Email: [Your Email Address] Objective To obtain the position of Assistant Marketing Officer where I can apply my MBA in Marketing to contribute to the company's growth and success. Education ·         MBA in Marketing, Cumilla University, [Year] ·         Bachelor’s Degree in [Your Field], [Your University], [Year] Experience ·         Marketing Intern, [Company Name], [Year] o    Assisted in developing marketing strategies o    Conducted market research and analysis o    Supported the marketing team in executing campaigns Skills ·         Market Research and Analysis ·         Strategic Planning ·         Communication and Presentation ·         Proficient in MS Office and Marketing Software References Available upon request   13. Application for Setting Up a Canteen [Date] The Headmaster [School’s Name][School’s Address][City, State, Zip Code] Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to request the establishment of a canteen in our school. As a student of class IX, I have noticed that our school does not have a canteen, which creates difficulties for students during breaks and lunchtime. A canteen would provide students with easy access to nutritious food and beverages, which would be convenient and beneficial. It would also help students who come to school without their lunch, ensuring they are well-fed and able to focus on their studies. I believe a canteen would greatly improve the school environment and support students’ well-being. I kindly request you to consider this proposal and take necessary steps to set up a canteen in our school. Thank you for your attention to this matter. Sincerely,[Your Name] 14. Paragraph on "The Role of a Farmer" The role of a farmer is crucial in society as they are responsible for growing the food we eat. Farmers work hard on the land, planting seeds, nurturing crops, and ensuring that the produce is healthy and ready for harvest. They use their knowledge and skills to manage different types of crops and livestock, depending on their location and climate. Farmers also play a key role in maintaining soil health and conserving water. By doing so, they ensure that farming can be sustainable for future generations. Their hard work supports not only their own families but also the entire community by providing essential food resources. 15. Composition on "The Importance of Reading Newspapers" Reading newspapers is important for several reasons. Firstly, newspapers keep us informed about current events and developments around the world. They provide news on various topics, including politics, economics, sports, and entertainment. This helps people stay updated and make informed decisions about their lives. Secondly, newspapers offer a platform for different viewpoints and opinions. By reading various articles, we can understand different perspectives on important issues and form our own opinions. This contributes to our overall knowledge and helps us become more aware citizens. Moreover, newspapers are a valuable source of local news, which helps us stay connected with our community. They often feature information about local events, services, and issues that directly affect us. In conclusion, reading newspapers is a fundamental activity that keeps us informed, educated, and connected with the world around us. It is an essential habit for anyone who wants to stay engaged with current affairs and understand the complexities of our society.