Panam Nagar / One of the historical landmarks of Sonargaon - Multiple Choice & Short Question for HSC English First Paper - English for Today for Class 11 and 12 / Seen Passage for HSC
- Fakhruddin Babar
- Feb 13
- 5 min read
Updated: Feb 17
One of the historical landmarks of Sonargaon is the ancient city of Panam (also known as Painam) or Panam Nagar, which was developed to the south of the old city to provide residential quarters to Lire governors after the Moghuls conquered Sonargaon in 1611. But some historians believe the city’s history is much older and that the Moghuls developed Panam Nagar and built highways and bridges to connect it with Sonargaon. Three such bridges still exist. There are also three artificial canals that were dug up for easy communication and protection of the city. Panam Nagar became a prosperous trading post under die British rule. The East India Company made it a centre of muslin trade. At the peak of the trade about 1400 families of weavers lived in and around the city.
If you visit Panam Nagar today, you will see old buildings lining both sides of a 600 meter road, ending at Panam Bazar. The brick buildings were built by Hindu traders in the early 19th to early 20th century. No one lives in these buildings now as the place is considered a heritage site.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
What was Panam Nagar developed for after the Mughals conquered Sonargaon?
a) A marketplace
b) A residential area for governors
c) A military base
d) A religious site
Answer: b) A residential area for governors
When did the Mughals conquer Sonargaon?
a) 1500
b) 1550
c) 1611
d) 1757
Answer: c) 1611
What did the Mughals build to connect Panam Nagar with Sonargaon?
a) Forts
b) Canals
c) Highways and bridges
d) Temples
Answer: c) Highways and bridges
How many bridges from the Mughal period still exist in Panam Nagar?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: c) Three
Why were artificial canals dug in Panam Nagar?
a) For irrigation
b) For easy communication and protection
c) For religious purposes
d) To drain excess water
Answer: b) For easy communication and protection
Under British rule, Panam Nagar became a center for what trade?
a) Spices
b) Cotton
c) Muslin
d) Silk
Answer: c) Muslin
Approximately how many weaving families lived around Panam Nagar at the peak of the muslin trade?
a) 500
b) 1000
c) 1400
d) 2000
Answer: c) 1400
What is the length of the road lined with old buildings in Panam Nagar?
a) 400 meters
b) 500 meters
c) 600 meters
d) 700 meters
Answer: c) 600 meters
Who built the brick buildings in Panam Nagar?
a) Mughal emperors
b) British officials
c) Hindu traders
d) East India Company
Answer: c) Hindu traders
What is the current status of Panam Nagar?
a) It is a residential area
b) It is a heritage site
c) It is a government office
d) It is a commercial center
Answer: b) It is a heritage site
Short Answer Questions with Elaborate Answers
Why was Panam Nagar developed, and who used it?
Answer: Panam Nagar was developed as a residential area for the Mughal governors after the conquest of Sonargaon in 1611. However, some historians believe the city's history predates Mughal rule. The Mughals expanded the area and built highways and bridges to connect it with Sonargaon, making it a well-structured settlement.
What role did Panam Nagar play during British rule?
Answer: During British rule, Panam Nagar became a major center for muslin trade. The East India Company played a crucial role in establishing it as a prosperous trading post. Around 1400 families of weavers lived in and around the city, producing high-quality muslin fabric that was exported to different parts of the world.
How did the Mughals enhance the infrastructure of Panam Nagar?
Answer: The Mughals enhanced Panam Nagar by constructing highways and bridges to connect it with Sonargaon. They also dug three artificial canals, which facilitated easy transportation and provided security by acting as a protective barrier against potential threats.
Who were the primary builders of the brick buildings in Panam Nagar, and when were they built?
Answer: The brick buildings in Panam Nagar were primarily built by Hindu traders between the early 19th and early 20th centuries. These buildings were used for commercial and residential purposes, showcasing the architectural style of that period.
Why was muslin trade significant in Panam Nagar?
Answer: The muslin trade was significant because it brought economic prosperity to Panam Nagar. The region became famous for its fine muslin fabric, which was highly valued in European and other international markets. The British East India Company utilized Panam Nagar as a key trading hub for muslin exports.
What evidence of Mughal construction still exists in Panam Nagar today?Answer: Today, three Mughal-era bridges still exist in Panam Nagar. These bridges were part of the infrastructure developed by the Mughals to improve connectivity between Panam Nagar and Sonargaon. They serve as historical landmarks reflecting the engineering and planning of that era.
What makes Panam Nagar an important heritage site today?
Answer: Panam Nagar is an important heritage site because it preserves historical structures from the Mughal and British periods. The old brick buildings, bridges, and canals provide insight into the architectural, economic, and social history of the region. Although no one lives there today, it remains a significant cultural and historical landmark.
Why are the buildings in Panam Nagar abandoned today?
Answer: The buildings in Panam Nagar are abandoned because the area has been declared a heritage site. Due to its historical significance, the site is preserved for tourism and academic study rather than residential use. The old structures remain as reminders of the region's past prosperity.
What is the significance of the 600-meter road in Panam Nagar?
Answer: The 600-meter road in Panam Nagar is significant because it is lined with old brick buildings on both sides, leading to Panam Bazar. This road represents the heart of the historic city, reflecting the commercial and residential layout established by Hindu traders in the 19th and 20th centuries.
How did the artificial canals benefit Panam Nagar?
Answer: The artificial canals in Panam Nagar were dug for dual purposes: transportation and security. They facilitated the easy movement of goods and people while also acting as defensive barriers to protect the city from external threats. These canals played a crucial role in the city's development and trade activities.
Bangla Translation
বাংলা অনুবাদঃ
সোনারগাঁওয়ের ঐতিহাসিক নিদর্শনগুলির মধ্যে একটি হল প্রাচীন পানাম শহর (যা পাইনাম নামেও পরিচিত) বা পানাম নগর, যা ১৬১১ সালে মোঘলরা সোনারগাঁও জয় করার পর লির গভর্নরদের আবাসিক আবাসনের জন্য পুরাতন শহরের দক্ষিণে গড়ে তোলা হয়েছিল। তবে কিছু ঐতিহাসিক বিশ্বাস করেন যে শহরের ইতিহাস অনেক পুরনো এবং মোঘলরা পানাম নগর গড়ে তুলেছিল এবং সোনারগাঁওয়ের সাথে সংযোগ স্থাপনের জন্য মহাসড়ক এবং সেতু নির্মাণ করেছিল। এরকম তিনটি সেতু এখনও বিদ্যমান। শহরের সহজ যোগাযোগ এবং সুরক্ষার জন্য তিনটি কৃত্রিম খালও খনন করা হয়েছিল। ব্রিটিশ শাসনামলে পানাম নগর একটি সমৃদ্ধ বাণিজ্যকেন্দ্রে পরিণত হয়েছিল। ইস্ট ইন্ডিয়া কোম্পানি এটিকে মসলিন বাণিজ্যের কেন্দ্র করে তোলে। বাণিজ্যের শীর্ষে থাকাকালীন প্রায় ১৪০০ তাঁতি পরিবার শহরে এবং তার আশেপাশে বাস করত।
আপনি যদি আজ পানাম নগর পরিদর্শন করেন, তাহলে আপনি ৬০০ মিটার দীর্ঘ রাস্তার উভয় পাশে পুরানো ভবন দেখতে পাবেন, যা পানাম বাজারে শেষ হবে। ইটের ভবনগুলি ১৯ শতকের গোড়ার দিকে থেকে ২০ শতকের গোড়ার দিকে হিন্দু ব্যবসায়ীরা তৈরি করেছিলেন। এই জায়গাটি ঐতিহ্যবাহী স্থান হিসেবে বিবেচিত হওয়ায় এখন এই ভবনগুলিতে কেউ বাস করে না।
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General Vocabulary
Landmark – গুরুত্বপূর্ণ স্থাপনা
Ancient – প্রাচীন
Prosperous – সমৃদ্ধশালী
Heritage – ঐতিহ্য
Abandoned – পরিত্যক্ত
Architecture – স্থাপত্য
Preserve – সংরক্ষণ করা
Conquer – জয় করা
Trade – বাণিজ্য
Artificial – কৃত্রিম
Historical and Cultural Terms
Mughal – মোগল
Governor – গভর্নর / শাসক
Weaver – তাঁতী
Muslin – মসলিন কাপড়
Bazaar – বাজার
Dynasty – রাজবংশ
Colonial – উপনিবেশিক
Settlement – বসতি
Canal – খাল / কৃত্রিম জলপথ
Ruin – ধ্বংসাবশেষ
Structural and Environmental Terms
Bridge – সেতু
Roadway – পথ / রাস্তা
Brick – ইট
Fortification – দুর্গীকরণ
Mansion – প্রাসাদ / বিশাল ভবন
Gateway – প্রবেশদ্বার
Residence – বাসস্থান
Protection – সুরক্ষা
Expansion – সম্প্রসারণ
Tourism – পর্যটন
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