Modifier Practice for HSC Examination 5.1 with Answer

Modifiers Worksheet-5.1

1.      Load-shedding, (a) — (Post modify the noun with an appositive), means intentional stopping of the supply of electricity in a (b) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) area for a certain period of time. It occurs when (c) — (Use article to pre-modify the noun) generation of power is less than the demand. Load shedding hampers our (d) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) household activities. Students cannot prepare (e) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons and idle away their time. Parents suffer (f) — (Post-modify the verb with an adverb) because of load shedding. In fact, load shedding hampers the smooth (g) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) development of a country. In order to solve the problem, we should try (h) — (Use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) more electricity through government and (i) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) initiatives. An all-out effort can solve (j) — (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) problem.

2.      A village doctor is a (a|) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) familiar person in the rural areas of Bangladesh. He is (b) —- (pre-modify the verb) known as a quack. A village doctor is not a (c) — (pre-modify the noun) doctor. He (d) — (pre-modify the verb) sits in a small dispensary in the morning and evening. He treats the patients (e) — (use a participle to post-modify the verb) small fees. A village doctor is not a (f) —- (pre-modify the noun) man. His chamber is (g) — (pre-modify the verb) furnished. He cannot supply costly medicines to the (h) — (pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the number of qualified doctors is (i) —- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) few. So, a village doctor is a great friend to the (j) —- (pre-modify the noun) people.

3.      Nelson Mandela, (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is one of the greatest leaders of the world. During (b) — (use article to pre-modify the noun) time of Mandela, the Europeans were separated from the no-Europeans. It was a (c) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) policy of racial segregation. The blacks were subjected to (d) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) sorts of indignities. They were denied all basic (e) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) rights. They were in fact aliens in (f) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun phrase) own country. The blacks were also treated (g) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. The (h) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice. Unfortunately, (i) —- (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) great man was thrown behind the prison bars. But the oppressive rulers could not break his sprit. All his life he struggled against apartheid. Eventually, the great leader fulfilled the goal of liberating (j) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) people.

4.      21st February, (a) — (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), in our history is now observed as the International Mother Language Day all over the world. On this day, people of our country get up (b) — (post-modify the verb) in the morning remembering the memory of the martyrs. They walk (c) — (post-modify the verb) to the Sheed Minar. Most of them put on (d) — (pre-modify the noun) badges on their shoulder. They go to the Shaheed Minar (e) — (use a participle) the most cherished song “Amar vaiyer rokte rangano —” They pay homage and tribute to the memory of the martyrs. Offering the flowers, the pray for the (f) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) souls. They also gather in mosques, temples and other (g) — (pre-modify the noun) institutions and pray for the salvation of the martyr’s (h) — (pre-modify the noun) soul. Different social and cultural organizations arrange (i) — (pre-modify the noun) programs on (j) — (use a demonstrative) day.

5.      One day Robert Bruce, (a) — (post-modify the noun with appositive), was lying in the cave. He was thinking of (b) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not be able (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify, the verb). Suddenly, he saw a spider (d) — (post-modify the verb with a prepositional/an adverbial of place). The spider was trying to reach (e) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope. It was trying (g) — (post-modify the verb with an adverbial). On the seventh attempt it reached the ceiling. Robert Bruce became very much amazed (h) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and began to gather soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i) — (post modify the verb with an adverb) for the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time, he came out successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of Scotland again.

6.      Bangladesh (a) — (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), has a huge population. Most people here live below the (b) — (Use noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) line and can’t therefore afford to educate (c) — (Use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) children. Many poor children either drop out of school after just a (d) — (Use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students (e) — (Use infinitive to post-modify the verb) compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs (f) — (Use a determiner to pre-modify the noun) schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (g) — (Pre-modify the noun with a present participle) number of students. But the government cannot fund the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun) number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is (i) — (Pre-modify the adjective) large. Students do not get a (j) — (Pre-modify the noun) education for lack of facilities.

7.      Nobel Prize is awarded for (a) — (pre-modify the noun) contributions to different fields. It is awarded in (b) — (pre-modify the noun) fields. It is the world’s most (c) — (pre-modify the noun) prize. If the recipients are more than one, the prize money is divided (d) — (post-modify the verb) among them. Alfred Nobel founded the Nobel Prize. He earned a lot of money (e) — (pot-modify the verb with a present participle phrase). For this (f) — (pre-modify the noun) invention he became famous. His name and fame spread (g) — (post-modify the verb). There is a Nobel committee (h) — (post-modify the noun with an infinitive) the right person for award. The winners of Nobel Prize are treated with (i) — (pre-modify the noun) respect. The world will always remember Alfred Nobel for his (j) — (pre-modify the noun) contribution.

8.      Books are (a) — (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for us. They help us (b) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) knowledge. (c) — (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) books, we can know everything. They show us the (d) — (pre-modify the noun) way. Books can be our (e) — (pre-modify the noun) friends. They help us (f) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) our mind. They improve our (g) — (pre-modify the noun) power. They give us solace to our (h) — (pre-modify the noun|) mind. Besides reading (i) — (pre-modify the noun) books, students should read other books. If they read other books, they will be able to know everything (j) — (post modify the verb).

9.      Rabindranath Tagore was a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) poet of Bengali literature. He was born in a (b)——(pre-modify the noun) family at Jarasanko, Kolkata. He went to school(c) — (post modify the verb). He wrote his (d) — (pre modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, he went to London (e) — (post modify the verb with infinitive) school there. He was put up in lodging house under the care of a (f) — (pre modify the noun) coach, Mr. Scott. He was lucky (g) —— (post modify the adjective with infinitive) an English family of Mr. Scott. He also visited the House of parliament (h) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Gladstone and John Bright’s debates on Irish rule. He wrote letters to Kolkata (i) — (post modify the verb with a present participle) English society. At this, his family thought that they might lose their son (j) — (post modify the verb). So, he was called back to Kolkata.

10.  Macbeth was the General of Scotland. He fought (a) — (post modify the verb) and won the battle. While he was returning to the castle, he saw three witches (b) — (post modify the noun with a present participle) about him. He came (c) — (post modify the noun with an infinitive) from the witches that he would be the king of Scotland. He became (d) — (pre modify the adjective with an intensifier) ambitious. His wife also wanted Macbeth (e) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) the king. She was a very (f) — (pre modify the noun) woman. So she began (g) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Macbeth. Then they both plotted to kill Duncan, (h) — (post modify the noun with an appositive). They planned (i) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Duncan when he would come to stay with them in their castle (j) — (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) a knife. Macbeth entered the room of Duncan and killed him.

11.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed.

Smoking is (a)---(use determiner) very bad habit. It is (b) ---(use adverb) dangerous habit. It affects the smoker (c) ---(Modify the adverb) dangerously. It causes (d) ---(use quantifier) fatal diseases in (e) ---(use possessive) body. Nicotine of tobacco (f) ---(pre-modify the verb) disturbs (g) ---(use noun adjective) circulation through veins. It also hampers the supply of oxygen in the body and damages the lungs (h) --- (use prepositional phrase). Smoking irritates eyes, offends the nose and unsettles the minds, causes cough in the (i) ---(modify the noun) age of the smoker. (j) ---(pre-modify the noun) smokers sometimes cause various social evils.

12.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Afforestation is the (a)---(use an intensifier to per-modify the adjective) beneficial program to us. We all know about (b) ---(use a determiner) harmful effects of deforestation. Deforestation (c) ---(use a relative clause to post-modify the noun) is one of the causes of global warming. Not only that, it has (d) ---(use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) negative impacts on our daily life. Deforestation has caused the extinction of various (e)---(pre-modify the noun) animals. On the other hand, afforestation has a (f) ---(pre-modify the noun) impact on human life, animals and environment. In Bangladesh, tree plantation programme is conducted by both the government and private firms. (g) ---(use a possessive) Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world. (h) ---(use an infinitive phrase), public awareness is also important. We all know that trees, (i) ---(use an appositive), provide us with food shelter, oxygen, timber etc. They also protect us from different (j) ---(pre-modify the noun) calamities.

13.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

The room (a)--- (use a participle phrase to post-modify the noun) is called a reading room. Since 1 am a student, I have a (b) ---(pre-modify the noun) reading room of my own. It is a big room (c) ---(use a relative clause to post-modify the noun). There are two doors and two spacious windows. Sunlight can (d) ---(premodify the verb) enter (e) --- (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) room. There are a table, a chair and a (f) ---(use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) shelf in my reading room. There is also a table clock (g) ---(use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun). The books are (h) ---(pre-modify the adjective) arranged. I do not allow anyone to enter my room during my studies. I feel (i) ---(post-modify the verb) in my reading room. Sometimes, Rana, (j) ---(post-modify the noun with an appositive), studies in my room.

14.   Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

One day Robert Bruce, (a)--- (post- modify the noun with an appositive), was lying in the cave. He was thinking of (f) --- (Use possessive to pre- modify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not be able (c) ---(Use an infinitive phrase to modify the verb). Suddenly he saw a spider (d) --- (post -modify the verb with a prepositional phrase/an adverbial of place). The spider was trying to reach (e) ---(Use article to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) ---(Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) time, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope. It was trying (g)---(post –modify the verb with an adverb). On the seventh attempt it reached the ceiling. Robert Bruce became very much amazed (h)---(Use an infinitive phrase to post –modify the verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and began to gather soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i)---(post –modify the verb with an adverb) for the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j)---(Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time, he came out successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of Scotland again.

15.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Socrates, (a) ---(post-modify the noun with an appositive), believed that an angry man was more of a beast than a (b)---(Use adjective to pre-modify the noun) being. His wife used to lose (c) ---(Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) temper in the slightest excuse. She tried her utmost (d)--- (Use an infinitive phrase to post –modify the non phrase) Socrates. (e) ---(Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) day the woman became more furious than ever. She began to insult (f) ---(Use article to pre- modify the noun) great scholar of Gerard. Socrates went (g)--- (post-modify the verb an adverbial of place). He sat on the (h)---(Use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) step of his residence looking out on the path street. The wife found that (i) ---- (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) husband was not paying the least heed to her word. She went up to him with a bucket full of water and suddenly she poured much water over him. He (j)---(Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) remarked. “I am expecting this. After thunder, comes rain.”

16.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Nelson Mandela (a).... (use an appositive to modify noun) guided South Africa to a (b).... (modify noun) democracy as (c).... (modify noun) icon of peace and reconciliation, who came to embody the struggle for justice. Imprisoned for nearly (d).... (use quantifier to modify noun) decades for his fight against white minority Rule. Mandela (e).... (pre-modify the verb) lost his resolve to fight for (f).... (use possessive to modify noun) emancipation. He was determined to avoid (g).... (modify noun) war. (h).... (modify noun with possessive) prestige and charisma helped him win in the world support. “I hate (i).... (use noun adjective) discrimination (j).... (use intensifier) intensely and in all its manifestations.”

Read the following text carefully and use suitable modifiers in the blank spaces.

17.  Computer is an advanced (a) —  (use adjective as premodifier) device that takes raw data as input (b) —  (use prepositional phrase as postmodifier) and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (c) —  (use past participle as premodifier) program and gives the result named output and saves output (d) —  (use prepositional phrase as postmodifier). It can process both numerical and non-numerical calculations. A computer has (e) —  (use cardinal adjective as premodifier) functions : it accepts data, processes data, produces, output and stores results. Input is the raw information (f) —  (use present participle) into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Process is the operation of data as per (g) —  (use past participle phrase as postmodifier). It is totally internal process of the (h) — (use noun as premodifier) system. Output is the processed data (i) — (use past participle phrase as postmodifier) after data processing. Output is also called result. We can save (j) — (use demonstrative adjective as premodifier) results in the storage devices for future use.

18.          The first and (a) — (Premodify the noun) duty in student life is (b) —  (postmodify using infinitive). A student should remember that knowledge is power. He should read not only his (c) — (premodify the noun using past participle) books but also the books of (d) —  (premodify the noun using adjective) writers in (e) — (premodify the noun using adjective) branches of studies. He has also to read newspapers, journals and magazines and widen (f) —  (premodify the noun using possessive adjective) outlook. He has to fix his aim of life and equip himself for (g) — (premodify the noun using demonstrative adjective) profession. He should keep (h) — (postmodify using prepositional phrase) that the students of today are the (i)  (premodify the noun using adjective) leaders of the nation. Therefore, a student should not waste (j)  — (premodify the noun using possessive adjective) time, energies and faculties in matters other than education and learning.

19.  Once a farmer had a goose. It used to lay a (a) — pre-modify the noun) egg every day. The farmer used to sell them (b) —  (post-modify the verb). He was happy (c) — (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) every day. But his wife was a (d) — (pre-modify the noun) woman. She wanted (e) – (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) all egg together. Then she would be a rich woman (f) — (post-modify the verb). She cut the belly of the goose (g) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) her greed. (h) — (pre-modify the verb with present participle) of the goose, she found no egg there. She became (i) — (pre-modify the adjective with adverb) disappointed and lost the goose forever. She realized that it was her greed that brought her (j) — (pre-modify the noun) luck.

20.  I had gathered a peculiar experience (a) — (post modify the verb) while travelling to St. Martin’s Island. I visited the island along with my family. Zahid, (b) — (post modify the noun with an appositive) was my guide. On the way to the island, we watched (c) — (demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) sea gulls. The (d) — (pre-modify the noun) birds were flying (e) — (post-modify the verb) with the ship. They became (f) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dear and friendly to us. We entertained them with biscuits; (g) — them (use a present participle to pre-modify the verb) we became (h) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) excited. We decided (i) — (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb) in the idyllic island for a couple of days. We can never forget (j) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the adjective phrase to post modify the verb) lovely sea birds.

21.  Language plays a (a) — (pre-modify the adjective with an adverb) important role in our life. We use language from the time we wake up (b) — (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase) till we go to bed at night. We use language not only in our waking hours but also in our (c) — (use noun as a post-modifier). We use language (d) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what we feel and to say what we like or dislike. We also use language (e) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) — (pre-modify the adjective with an adverb) present in our activities. It is an (g) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) part of our life. As an (h) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) nation we also have a language. But we used to struggle (i) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb) to establish the right to our language. Many (j) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) sons sacrificed their live for the language.

22.  Education (a) — (use appositive to post-modify the noun) is essential for development. We can improve (b) — (possessive to pre-modify the noun) mind. An (c) — (adjective to pre-modify the noun) person has the ability (d) — (infinitive phrase). One can refine one’s sensibility (e) — (present participle phrase). Actually, the educated are able to bring about (f) — (pre-modify the noun) development. On the other hand, an (g) —(pre-modify the noun with adjective) person (h) — (adverb to pre-modify the verb) lag behind. So, the educated should come forward (i) — (prepositional phrase) to educate all in the society to unload (j) — (use determiner) owes to the country.

23.  Once upon a time a (a) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) fox was roaming in search of food (b) — (Post-modify the verb with adverbial). He looked, but could not find anything (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). He was feeling very weak and tired due to hunger. (d) — (Pre-modify the verb with adverb) he saw a garden at a distance. He went there without (e) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) number of grape vines laden with bunch of grapes. (f) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun phrase) grapes looked quite ripe and juicy. The fox looked at the grapes with longing eyes and licked (g) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) chops. The grapes were in a place too high for him. The fox tried (h) — (Post-modify the verb with adverbial). But he failed (i) — (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). Therefore, he walked away in despair.

24.  Bangladesh is a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) country but has a (b) —— (pre-modify the noun) population. Most people here live below the (c) — (Use noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) line and can’t therefore afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school (d) — (post-modify the verb with a phrase) or (e) —— (pre-modify the verb) simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students (f) — (Use infinitive to post-modify the verb) compared to the number of institutions (g) —— (post-modify the noun). Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun with a present participle) number of students. But owing to financial and resource constrains, the government cannot fund the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun) number of educational institutions. At present, there is hardly any educational institution (j) —— (post-modify the nun with adjective clause).

25.   One hot (a) — (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day an ant was searching for some water. After walking for some time she came to a (b) —- (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) spring. To reach the spring she had to climb up a blade of grass. While climbing the blade of (c) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) grass, she slipped and fell into water. A dove from a mango tree saw this incident. (d) — (use a present participle phrase to pre-modify the verb), the dove quickly plucked off a leaf and dropped it into the water near the (e) — (use a present participle to pre-modify the noun) ant. The ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her (f) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) to the dry ground. Just at that time the ant saw a hunter standing (g) —- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) close to her. When the hunter was aiming an arrow at the dove, the ant decided (h) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). She went (i) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb) towards the hunter and gave him a severe bite. The hunter crying out in pain missed the target. Seeing this, the dove flew away (j) — (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) her life.

26.  Othello, (a) — (use an appositive to post modify the noun) had risen to become a general. He had shown his bravery in many (b) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) battles against the Turks. Every one praised him (c) — (use adverb to post modify the verb) and the senate trusted and honoured him. Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice had a daughter named Desdemona (d) — (use a relative clause to post modify the noun). Brabantio (e) — (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. He told them of deserts, of caves and of mountains high (f) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) to touch the sky. Desdemona had to weep (g) — (use present participle to post modify the verb phrase) and she never became tired of listening to it. She pitied Othello (h) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) for the misfortune and hardships of his life. Her pity (i) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) turned to love. She refused all the young men (j) — (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) because she loved Othello, a noble Muslim Moor from North Africa.

27.  The newspaper (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive) is a printed record of current event. It gives us (b) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) important news of home and abroad. In a word, the newspaper is like (c) — (use article to pre-modify the noun) mirror of the world. The newspaper was first introduced in China. The “Indian Gazette” was the (d) — (use determiner to pre-modify phrase) newspaper of the subcontinent. The Samachar Darpon was first (e) — (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun newspaper. A newspaper is (f) — (use an adverb to modify the adjective) useful to us. We cannot think of (g) — (use possessive to modify the noun) morning without it. (h)— (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) people have different taste. So, a newspaper supplies us with (i) — (use a determiner to modify the noun) sort of news. We all should read newspaper (j) — (post modify the verb with adverb).

28.  Rabindranath Tagore, (a) — (Post-modify the noun with an appositive) was born in 1861 in a (b) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) family at Jorasako in Kolkata. He was (c) — (Use article to pre- modify the noun phrase) fourteenth child of Devendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore. He went to school (d) — (Post-modify the verb with an adverbial of time) and wrote his (e) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, in 1878 he reached London (f) —— (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). He gathered (g) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) experience from his stay in London. (h) — (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) experience had a lasting effect on his later life. In 1880, Rabindranath returned home without (i) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) qualifications of distinction. However, he never gave up (j) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) habit of writing poetry. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913 for his Gitanjali.

Modifiers Worksheet-5.1 Answer

1.      Load-shedding, (a) — (Post modify the noun with an appositive), means intentional stopping of the supply of electricity in a (b) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) area for a certain period of time. It occurs when (c) — (Use article to pre-modify the noun) generation of power is less than the demand. Load shedding hampers our (d) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) household activities. Students cannot prepare (e) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons and idle away their time. Parents suffer (f) — (Post-modify the verb with an adverb) because of load shedding. In fact, load shedding hampers the smooth (g) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) development of a country. In order to solve the problem, we should try (h) — (Use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) more electricity through government and (i) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) initiatives. An all-out effort can solve (j) — (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) problem.

 1.      (a) a great curse (b) certain (c) the (d) daily (e) their  (f) greatly (g) progressive (h) to generate (i) pragmatic (j) this 

2.      A village doctor is a (a|) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) familiar person in the rural areas of Bangladesh. He is (b) —- (pre-modify the verb) known as a quack. A village doctor is not a (c) — (pre-modify the noun) doctor. He (d) — (pre-modify the verb) sits in a small dispensary in the morning and evening. He treats the patients (e) — (use a participle to post-modify the verb) small fees. A village doctor is not a (f) —- (pre-modify the noun) man. His chamber is (g) — (pre-modify the verb) furnished. He cannot supply costly medicines to the (h) — (pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the number of qualified doctors is (i) —- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) few. So, a village doctor is a great friend to the (j) —- (pre-modify the noun) people.

 3.      (a) an icon of peace/an African President;  (b) the (c) good/government (d) all (e) human (f) their (g) badly/cruelly (h) great (i) this (j) his

3.      Nelson Mandela, (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is one of the greatest leaders of the world. During (b) — (use article to pre-modify the noun) time of Mandela, the Europeans were separated from the no-Europeans. It was a (c) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) policy of racial segregation. The blacks were subjected to (d) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) sorts of indignities. They were denied all basic (e) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) rights. They were in fact aliens in (f) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun phrase) own country. The blacks were also treated (g) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. The (h) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice. Unfortunately, (i) —- (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) great man was thrown behind the prison bars. But the oppressive rulers could not break his sprit. All his life he struggled against apartheid. Eventually, the great leader fulfilled the goal of liberating (j) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) people.

2.      (a) very (b) mostly (c) registered/qualified (d) regularly (e)  taking (f) rich/poor (g) ill/well (h) poor (i) very (j) village/rural 

4.      21st February, (a) — (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), in our history is now observed as the International Mother Language Day all over the world. On this day, people of our country get up (b) — (post-modify the verb) in the morning remembering the memory of the martyrs. They walk (c) — (post-modify the verb) to the Sheed Minar. Most of them put on (d) — (pre-modify the noun) badges on their shoulder. They go to the Shaheed Minar (e) — (use a participle) the most cherished song “Amar vaiyer rokte rangano —” They pay homage and tribute to the memory of the martyrs. Offering the flowers, the pray for the (f) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) souls. They also gather in mosques, temples and other (g) — (pre-modify the noun) institutions and pray for the salvation of the martyr’s (h) — (pre-modify the noun) soul. Different social and cultural organizations arrange (i) — (pre-modify the noun) programs on (j) — (use a demonstrative) day.

4.      (a) a month of mourning (b) early (c) barefooted d) black (e) singing (f) martyrs (g) sanctified/religious (h) departed (i) various (j) this

5.      One day Robert Bruce, (a) — (post-modify the noun with appositive), was lying in the cave. He was thinking of (b) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not be able (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify, the verb). Suddenly, he saw a spider (d) — (post-modify the verb with a prepositional/an adverbial of place). The spider was trying to reach (e) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope. It was trying (g) — (post-modify the verb with an adverbial). On the seventh attempt it reached the ceiling. Robert Bruce became very much amazed (h) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and began to gather soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i) — (post modify the verb with an adverb) for the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time, he came out successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of Scotland again.

5.      (a) the king of Scotland (b) his (c) to regain his lost kingdom (d) in the cave (e) the (f) several  (g) again and again/to reach the ceiling (h) to see (i) well/soon/completely (j) this

6.      Bangladesh (a) — (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), has a huge population. Most people here live below the (b) — (Use noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) line and can’t therefore afford to educate (c) — (Use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) children. Many poor children either drop out of school after just a (d) — (Use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students (e) — (Use infinitive to post-modify the verb) compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs (f) — (Use a determiner to pre-modify the noun) schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (g) — (Pre-modify the noun with a present participle) number of students. But the government cannot fund the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun) number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is (i) — (Pre-modify the adjective) large. Students do not get a (j) — (Pre-modify the noun) education for lack of facilities.

 6.      (a) a small country (b) poverty (c) their (d) few (e) to educate (f) more (g) increasing (h) requisite (i) unusually (j) standard

7.      Nobel Prize is awarded for (a) — (pre-modify the noun) contributions to different fields. It is awarded in (b) — (pre-modify the noun) fields. It is the world’s most (c) — (pre-modify the noun) prize. If the recipients are more than one, the prize money is divided (d) — (post-modify the verb) among them. Alfred Nobel founded the Nobel Prize. He earned a lot of money (e) — (pot-modify the verb with a present participle phrase). For this (f) — (pre-modify the noun) invention he became famous. His name and fame spread (g) — (post-modify the verb). There is a Nobel committee (h) — (post-modify the noun with an infinitive) the right person for award. The winners of Nobel Prize are treated with (i) — (pre-modify the noun) respect. The world will always remember Alfred Nobel for his (j) — (pre-modify the noun) contribution.

7.      (a) outstanding (b) six (c) prestigious ; (d) equally (e)  inventing dynamite (f) important (g) all over the world (h) to choose/to select (i) great (j) remarkable/significant

8.      Books are (a) — (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for us. They help us (b) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) knowledge. (c) — (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) books, we can know everything. They show us the (d) — (pre-modify the noun) way. Books can be our (e) — (pre-modify the noun) friends. They help us (f) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) our mind. They improve our (g) — (pre-modify the noun) power. They give us solace to our (h) — (pre-modify the noun|) mind. Besides reading (i) — (pre-modify the noun) books, students should read other books. If they read other books, they will be able to know everything (j) — (post modify the verb).

 8.      (a) very (b) to gain (c) reading (d) true (e)  best (f) to develop (g) thinking (h) disturbed (i) text (j) properly 

9.      Rabindranath Tagore was a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) poet of Bengali literature. He was born in a (b)——(pre-modify the noun) family at Jarasanko, Kolkata. He went to school(c) — (post modify the verb). He wrote his (d) — (pre modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, he went to London (e) — (post modify the verb with infinitive) school there. He was put up in lodging house under the care of a (f) — (pre modify the noun) coach, Mr. Scott. He was lucky (g) —— (post modify the adjective with infinitive) an English family of Mr. Scott. He also visited the House of parliament (h) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Gladstone and John Bright’s debates on Irish rule. He wrote letters to Kolkata (i) — (post modify the verb with a present participle) English society. At this, his family thought that they might lose their son (j) — (post modify the verb). So, he was called back to Kolkata.

 9.      (a) renowned/prominent/famous (b) noble/royal (c) early (d) first (e)  to attend (f) professional (g) enough to find (h) to listen to (i) admiring/praising/describing (j) forever 

10.  Macbeth was the General of Scotland. He fought (a) — (post modify the verb) and won the battle. While he was returning to the castle, he saw three witches (b) — (post modify the noun with a present participle) about him. He came (c) — (post modify the noun with an infinitive) from the witches that he would be the king of Scotland. He became (d) — (pre modify the adjective with an intensifier) ambitious. His wife also wanted Macbeth (e) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) the king. She was a very (f) — (pre modify the noun) woman. So she began (g) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Macbeth. Then they both plotted to kill Duncan, (h) — (post modify the noun with an appositive). They planned (i) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Duncan when he would come to stay with them in their castle (j) — (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) a knife. Macbeth entered the room of Duncan and killed him.

10.  (a) bravely/valiantly (b) talking (c) to learn (d) very (e)  to be (f) cunning/ambitious/greedy (g) to convince/to persuade (h) the king of Scotland (i) to kill (j) taking/carrying

11.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed.

Smoking is (a)---(use determiner) very bad habit. It is (b) ---(use adverb) dangerous habit. It affects the smoker (c) ---(Modify the adverb) dangerously. It causes (d) ---(use quantifier) fatal diseases in (e) ---(use possessive) body. Nicotine of tobacco (f) ---(pre-modify the verb) disturbs (g) ---(use noun adjective) circulation through veins. It also hampers the supply of oxygen in the body and damages the lungs (h) --- (use prepositional phrase). Smoking irritates eyes, offends the nose and unsettles the minds, causes cough in the (i) ---(modify the noun) age of the smoker. (j) ---(pre-modify the noun) smokers sometimes cause various social evils.

11.  Answer: (a) a; (b) very; (c) very/so; (d) many; (e) our; (f) also; (g) blood; (h) of our body; (i) early; (j) The.

12.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Afforestation is the (a)---(use an intensifier to per-modify the adjective) beneficial program to us. We all know about (b) ---(use a determiner) harmful effects of deforestation. Deforestation (c) ---(use a relative clause to post-modify the noun) is one of the causes of global warming. Not only that, it has (d) ---(use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) negative impacts on our daily life. Deforestation has caused the extinction of various (e)---(pre-modify the noun) animals. On the other hand, afforestation has a (f) ---(pre-modify the noun) impact on human life, animals and environment. In Bangladesh, tree plantation programme is conducted by both the government and private firms. (g) ---(use a possessive) Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world. (h) ---(use an infinitive phrase), public awareness is also important. We all know that trees, (i) ---(use an appositive), provide us with food shelter, oxygen, timber etc. They also protect us from different (j) ---(pre-modify the noun) calamities.

12.  Answer: (a) most; (b) the; (c) which means cutting down trees indiscriminately; (d) many/some; (e) wild; (f) positive/long-term; (g) Our; (h) To make tree plantation program successful; (i) an important element of environment/ our best friend; (j) natural.

13.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

The room (a)--- (use a participle phrase to post-modify the noun) is called a reading room. Since 1 am a student, I have a (b) ---(pre-modify the noun) reading room of my own. It is a big room (c) ---(use a relative clause to post-modify the noun). There are two doors and two spacious windows. Sunlight can (d) ---(premodify the verb) enter (e) --- (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) room. There are a table, a chair and a (f) ---(use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) shelf in my reading room. There is also a table clock (g) ---(use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun). The books are (h) ---(pre-modify the adjective) arranged. I do not allow anyone to enter my room during my studies. I feel (i) ---(post-modify the verb) in my reading room. Sometimes, Rana, (j) ---(post-modify the noun with an appositive), studies in my room.

 13.  Answer: (a) having the arrangement for reading; (b) nice; (c) which is close to my bed room; (d) easily; (e) my; (f) book; (g) on the table; (h) well; (i) comfortable; (j) my friend.

14.   Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

One day Robert Bruce, (a)--- (post- modify the noun with an appositive), was lying in the cave. He was thinking of (f) --- (Use possessive to pre- modify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not be able (c) ---(Use an infinitive phrase to modify the verb). Suddenly he saw a spider (d) --- (post -modify the verb with a prepositional phrase/an adverbial of place). The spider was trying to reach (e) ---(Use article to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) ---(Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) time, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope. It was trying (g)---(post –modify the verb with an adverb). On the seventh attempt it reached the ceiling. Robert Bruce became very much amazed (h)---(Use an infinitive phrase to post –modify the verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and began to gather soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i)---(post –modify the verb with an adverb) for the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j)---(Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time, he came out successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of Scotland again.

14.  Answer: (a) a king of Scotland (b) his (c) to regain his kingdom (d) climbing to the ceiling (e) the (f) some (g) hard (h) to see (i) well (j) that.

15.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Socrates, (a) ---(post-modify the noun with an appositive), believed that an angry man was more of a beast than a (b)---(Use adjective to pre-modify the noun) being. His wife used to lose (c) ---(Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) temper in the slightest excuse. She tried her utmost (d)--- (Use an infinitive phrase to post –modify the non phrase) Socrates. (e) ---(Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) day the woman became more furious than ever. She began to insult (f) ---(Use article to pre- modify the noun) great scholar of Gerard. Socrates went (g)--- (post-modify the verb an adverbial of place). He sat on the (h)---(Use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) step of his residence looking out on the path street. The wife found that (i) ---- (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) husband was not paying the least heed to her word. She went up to him with a bucket full of water and suddenly she poured much water over him. He (j)---(Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) remarked. “I am expecting this. After thunder, comes rain.”

15.  Answer: (a) great scholar (b) human (c) her (d) to irritate (e) One (f) the (g) outside (h) door (i) her (j) quietly

16.  Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Nelson Mandela (a).... (use an appositive to modify noun) guided South Africa to a (b).... (modify noun) democracy as (c).... (modify noun) icon of peace and reconciliation, who came to embody the struggle for justice. Imprisoned for nearly (d).... (use quantifier to modify noun) decades for his fight against white minority Rule. Mandela (e).... (pre-modify the verb) lost his resolve to fight for (f).... (use possessive to modify noun) emancipation. He was determined to avoid (g).... (modify noun) war. (h).... (modify noun with possessive) prestige and charisma helped him win in the world support. “I hate (i).... (use noun adjective) discrimination (j).... (use intensifier) intensely and in all its manifestations.”

 16.  Answer: (a) the great African leader ; (b) multi racial; (c) an; (d) three; (e) never; (f) his people's; (g) a civil war; (h) His; (I) race (j) most

Read the following text carefully and use suitable modifiers in the blank spaces.

17.  Computer is an advanced (a) —  (use adjective as premodifier) device that takes raw data as input (b) —  (use prepositional phrase as postmodifier) and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (c) —  (use past participle as premodifier) program and gives the result named output and saves output (d) —  (use prepositional phrase as postmodifier). It can process both numerical and non-numerical calculations. A computer has (e) —  (use cardinal adjective as premodifier) functions : it accepts data, processes data, produces, output and stores results. Input is the raw information (f) —  (use present participle) into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Process is the operation of data as per (g) —  (use past participle phrase as postmodifier). It is totally internal process of the (h) — (use noun as premodifier) system. Output is the processed data (i) — (use past participle phrase as postmodifier) after data processing. Output is also called result. We can save (j) — (use demonstrative adjective as premodifier) results in the storage devices for future use.

17.  electronic, (b) from the user, (c) called, (d) for future use, (e) four, (f) entered, (g) given instructions, (h) computer, (i) given by computer, (j) these

18.          The first and (a) — (Premodify the noun) duty in student life is (b) —  (postmodify using infinitive). A student should remember that knowledge is power. He should read not only his (c) — (premodify the noun using past participle) books but also the books of (d) —  (premodify the noun using adjective) writers in (e) — (premodify the noun using adjective) branches of studies. He has also to read newspapers, journals and magazines and widen (f) —  (premodify the noun using possessive adjective) outlook. He has to fix his aim of life and equip himself for (g) — (premodify the noun using demonstrative adjective) profession. He should keep (h) — (postmodify using prepositional phrase) that the students of today are the (i)  (premodify the noun using adjective) leaders of the nation. Therefore, a student should not waste (j)  — (premodify the noun using possessive adjective) time, energies and faculties in matters other than education and learning.

18.  (a) foremost, (b) to study/to acquire knowledge, (c) prescribed, (d) famous, (e) different/various, (f) his/her, (g) that, (h) in mind, (i) future, (j) his/her

19.  Once a farmer had a goose. It used to lay a (a) — pre-modify the noun) egg every day. The farmer used to sell them (b) —  (post-modify the verb). He was happy (c) — (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) every day. But his wife was a (d) — (pre-modify the noun) woman. She wanted (e) – (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) all egg together. Then she would be a rich woman (f) — (post-modify the verb). She cut the belly of the goose (g) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) her greed. (h) — (pre-modify the verb with present participle) of the goose, she found no egg there. She became (i) — (pre-modify the adjective with adverb) disappointed and lost the goose forever. She realized that it was her greed that brought her (j) — (pre-modify the noun) luck.

19.  (a) golden (b) in the market  (c) to get an egg (d) greedy (e)  to get (f) quickly (g) to satisfy (h) cutting the belly (i) extremely/very (j) bad

20.  I had gathered a peculiar experience (a) — (post modify the verb) while travelling to St. Martin’s Island. I visited the island along with my family. Zahid, (b) — (post modify the noun with an appositive) was my guide. On the way to the island, we watched (c) — (demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) sea gulls. The (d) — (pre-modify the noun) birds were flying (e) — (post-modify the verb) with the ship. They became (f) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dear and friendly to us. We entertained them with biscuits; (g) — them (use a present participle to pre-modify the verb) we became (h) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) excited. We decided (i) — (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb) in the idyllic island for a couple of days. We can never forget (j) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the adjective phrase to post modify the verb) lovely sea birds.

20.(a) a few days ago/unexpectedly (b) a local boy (c) those (d) beautiful (e) elegantly/along (f) very (g) entertaining/taming/feeding (h) very (i) to stay (j) those  

21.  Language plays a (a) — (pre-modify the adjective with an adverb) important role in our life. We use language from the time we wake up (b) — (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase) till we go to bed at night. We use language not only in our waking hours but also in our (c) — (use noun as a post-modifier). We use language (d) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what we feel and to say what we like or dislike. We also use language (e) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) — (pre-modify the adjective with an adverb) present in our activities. It is an (g) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) part of our life. As an (h) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) nation we also have a language. But we used to struggle (i) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb) to establish the right to our language. Many (j) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) sons sacrificed their live for the language.

21.(a) very (b) in the morning (c) walking (d) to express (e)  to get/to exchange (f) always/ever  (g)integral/important (h) independent (i) hard (j) brave

22.  Education (a) — (use appositive to post-modify the noun) is essential for development. We can improve (b) — (possessive to pre-modify the noun) mind. An (c) — (adjective to pre-modify the noun) person has the ability (d) — (infinitive phrase). One can refine one’s sensibility (e) — (present participle phrase). Actually, the educated are able to bring about (f) — (pre-modify the noun) development. On the other hand, an (g) —(pre-modify the noun with adjective) person (h) — (adverb to pre-modify the verb) lag behind. So, the educated should come forward (i) — (prepositional phrase) to educate all in the society to unload (j) — (use determiner) owes to the country.

22.(a) the backbone of any nation (b) our  (c) educated ; (d) to contribute something to the development programme (e) by receiving proper education (f) rapid (g) illiterate (h) always (i) without any delay (j) the

23.  Once upon a time a (a) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) fox was roaming in search of food (b) — (Post-modify the verb with adverbial). He looked, but could not find anything (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). He was feeling very weak and tired due to hunger. (d) — (Pre-modify the verb with adverb) he saw a garden at a distance. He went there without (e) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) number of grape vines laden with bunch of grapes. (f) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun phrase) grapes looked quite ripe and juicy. The fox looked at the grapes with longing eyes and licked (g) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) chops. The grapes were in a place too high for him. The fox tried (h) — (Post-modify the verb with adverbial). But he failed (i) — (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). Therefore, he walked away in despair.

23.(a) a few days ago/unexpectedly (b) a local boy (c) those (d) beautiful (e)  elegantly/along (f) very (g) entertaining/taming/feeding (h) very (i) to stay (j) those 

24.  Bangladesh is a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) country but has a (b) —— (pre-modify the noun) population. Most people here live below the (c) — (Use noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) line and can’t therefore afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school (d) — (post-modify the verb with a phrase) or (e) —— (pre-modify the verb) simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students (f) — (Use infinitive to post-modify the verb) compared to the number of institutions (g) —— (post-modify the noun). Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun with a present participle) number of students. But owing to financial and resource constrains, the government cannot fund the (h) — (Pre-modify the noun) number of educational institutions. At present, there is hardly any educational institution (j) —— (post-modify the nun with adjective clause).

24. (a) small (b) huge/large  (c) poverty (d) just after a few years (e)  simply (f) to be/to educate (g) available (h) increasing;  (i) necessary/requisite (j) which is not over-crowed 

25.   One hot (a) — (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day an ant was searching for some water. After walking for some time she came to a (b) —- (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) spring. To reach the spring she had to climb up a blade of grass. While climbing the blade of (c) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) grass, she slipped and fell into water. A dove from a mango tree saw this incident. (d) — (use a present participle phrase to pre-modify the verb), the dove quickly plucked off a leaf and dropped it into the water near the (e) — (use a present participle to pre-modify the noun) ant. The ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her (f) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) to the dry ground. Just at that time the ant saw a hunter standing (g) —- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) close to her. When the hunter was aiming an arrow at the dove, the ant decided (h) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). She went (i) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb) towards the hunter and gave him a severe bite. The hunter crying out in pain missed the target. Seeing this, the dove flew away (j) — (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) her life.

25. (a) a black moor/a brave soldier (b) bloody/fierce/fearful/dangerous (c) highly (d) who loved him/who was very beautiful (e) often/sometimes (f) enough (g) listening to his stories/hearing (h) heavily/much (i) soon/finally (j) to marry  

26.  Othello, (a) — (use an appositive to post modify the noun) had risen to become a general. He had shown his bravery in many (b) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) battles against the Turks. Every one praised him (c) — (use adverb to post modify the verb) and the senate trusted and honoured him. Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice had a daughter named Desdemona (d) — (use a relative clause to post modify the noun). Brabantio (e) — (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. He told them of deserts, of caves and of mountains high (f) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) to touch the sky. Desdemona had to weep (g) — (use present participle to post modify the verb phrase) and she never became tired of listening to it. She pitied Othello (h) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) for the misfortune and hardships of his life. Her pity (i) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) turned to love. She refused all the young men (j) — (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) because she loved Othello, a noble Muslim Moor from North Africa.

26.(a) a black moor/a brave soldier (b) bloody/fierce/fearful/dangerous (c) highly (d) who loved him/who was very beautiful (e) often/sometimes (f) enough (g) listening to his stories/hearing (h) heavily/much (i) soon/finally (j) to marry

27.  The newspaper (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive) is a printed record of current event. It gives us (b) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) important news of home and abroad. In a word, the newspaper is like (c) — (use article to pre-modify the noun) mirror of the world. The newspaper was first introduced in China. The “Indian Gazette” was the (d) — (use determiner to pre-modify phrase) newspaper of the subcontinent. The Samachar Darpon was first (e) — (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun newspaper. A newspaper is (f) — (use an adverb to modify the adjective) useful to us. We cannot think of (g) — (use possessive to modify the noun) morning without it. (h)— (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) people have different taste. So, a newspaper supplies us with (i) — (use a determiner to modify the noun) sort of news. We all should read newspaper (j) — (post modify the verb with adverb).

27.(a) the third parliament/the store house of knowledge (b) all (c) a (d) first (e) Bengali/Bangla (f) very (g) our (h) different/various (i) all (j) everyday/regularly/carefully  

28.  Rabindranath Tagore, (a) — (Post-modify the noun with an appositive) was born in 1861 in a (b) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) family at Jorasako in Kolkata. He was (c) — (Use article to pre- modify the noun phrase) fourteenth child of Devendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore. He went to school (d) — (Post-modify the verb with an adverbial of time) and wrote his (e) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, in 1878 he reached London (f) —— (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). He gathered (g) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) experience from his stay in London. (h) — (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) experience had a lasting effect on his later life. In 1880, Rabindranath returned home without (i) — (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) qualifications of distinction. However, he never gave up (j) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) habit of writing poetry. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913 for his Gitanjali.

28.(a) a writer (b) rich (c) the (d) early (e) first (f) to study (g) much (h) this (i) any (j) his