COMPOSITIONS FOR JSC, SSC, HSC & OTHER EXAMINATIONS (T)

TEA / A POPULAR DRINK Tea is the most popular drink nowadays. It is the leaf of a plant known as tea plant. The tea plant is an evergreen shrub. It is used as a hot drink. It had its origin in China. In Bangladesh it is an important item in export. So, it is a cash crop of Bangladesh. Tea grows in China, Indonesia, Japan, Brazil, Srilanka, Bangladesh, India and some other tropical countries. The tea-plants grows on hill­sides where the rainfall is abundant and the sunshine as well. But water must not remain stagnant at a place for a long time. In Bangladesh it is grown in the hilly parts of Sylhet, Comilla and Chittagong Hill tracts in plenty. The cultivation of tea plants is laborious. In the rainy season, the seeds are sown. Plants come out in a few days. Then they are transplanted in rows in a big area. In its wild state, it is allowed to grow twenty to thirty feet high. But in the tea gardens, after a certain stage, they are trimmed down and allowed to grow three to four feet high. Then they become bushy. The new leaves and buds come out. These are plucked three or four times a year. There are generally four crops a year but the first crop is the best. The first crop is gathered in April, the second in May, the third in June and the fourth in August. In a tea garden, hundreds of workers male and female are seen with baskets thrown over the back gathering the buds and leaves. The buds and the leaves thus gathered are spread lightly over wire trays and dried in the sun and then taken to the mills. The dry leaves are rolled over with machines. Thus the jute is pressed out of them. After the leaves are totally dry, they are kept on the floor of a slightly wet room. When the colour of the leaves turns copper, they are taken to a room for high temperature. This makes the leaves black. Special care is taken to preserve the flavour. Then it is powdered. After this, tea-leaves are packed in large chests for export or put up for sale in the market. The preparation of tea as a drink is very simple. A quantity of tea­leaves is put in boiling water soon. We get reddish liquor. The liquor is then poured through a service into cups. Some milk and sugar are added to make it tasteful. Tea is a pleasant drink to all. It removes lethargy, refreshes the mind and gives energy. People have it after hard labour because it gives freshness and vigour in mind and body. Tea produces bad result if taken in excess. It causes dyspepsia. It also kills appetite and may causes indigestion. Tea has a very great importance in the economy of Bangladesh. A considerable portion of her foreign exchange is due to tea. Her gardens also offer employment to people. Tea has become indispensable as our main food. It plays an important role in the economic well-being of our country. So, better steps should be taken for improving this industry. TEA, AN IMPORTANT CASH CROP OF BANGLADESH Tea is prepared from tea-leaves. Nowadays it is the most popular drink. Almost all men irrespective of the rich or the poor, the young or the old have tea once or twice a day. It is the most common item with which friends, guests and visitors are entertained. Thus tea-leaves are a very important item in the list of our daily shopping. Tea-leaves are also known as tea. Tea plants are evergreen shrubs. The tea plant grows mainly in China, Indonesia, Japan, India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. In Bangladesh tea is cultivated in the hilly-areas of Sylhet and Chittagong. At present tea grows in Panchagor. There are beautiful tea gardens ih these parts of our country. The tea plant is grown on the sloping grounds where rain water cannot stand. The plants are put up in rows four to six feet apart. They are planted on the hilly slopes. The tea plant grows twenty to thirty feet high in the wild conditions. But in tea gardens it is allowed to grow only three to four feet high. Tea plants need strong sunshine and plenty of rainfall. When they are about our years old, two leaves and a bud are collected for manufacturing tea. The plants continue to give more and more leaves and buds until they grow ten years old. Old leaves are not good enough for making good tea. The best kind of tea can be prepared from the young and tender leaves. Tea is drunk all over the world as a refreshing drink. In Bangladesh it is an exportable item. It fetches a good chunk of foreign exchange. There are good areas in Bangladesh for its cultivation. All concerned should, therefore, take every care to grow more tea and boost up its export. TECHNICAL EDUCATION Introduction : Technical education is the training in practical art and science. It means learning a particular art or science or a craft. No training is thorough without a scientific basis. No nation can be great without a large number of technically qualified men. The shortage of technicians is hampering our industries. Technical education on a wide scale is necessary to make up the leeway in our industries. Various kinds of technical education : There are various branches of technical education, e. g., engineering, commercial, medical, agricultural, industrial and mining. Separate institutions exist for these subjects. Bangladesh has set up some of the institutions. Technical education helps the industrialization of a country. It provides employment to a good number of citizens. General educations at a discount : General education is now of very little use to a man to earn his livelihood. This is being realized day by day. People are beginning to cease to place that high value on general education which they used to do a few years back. The field of service has been so overcrowded that graduates go a-begging. Every learned profession has been overcrowded. The struggle for existence is growing keener and keener everyday. General education ill-fits a man to cope with this struggle. Bread problem is now the only problem that people have got to solve. First let there be rice for the belly, then other things. Technical education not yet given due worth : Technical education can, to some extent, solve this problem of all problems. But this education is not so thought of as it ought to be. Technical education, if it

does nothing more, will at least enable its votary to earn his own bread in an honest and honourable way. But still, there are many who do not think it worthwhile to give their sons or wards this useful education. Many even think this education beneath their dignity. They choose rather to be hungry lawyers than well-fed mechanics. But time is not far when this lingering illusion will be removed. Technical education should be preferred to general education : By technical education is meant the training of boys in some arts and sciences. This is a training in practical arts. There is no theory. What is theoretical or visionary makes a man starve, but what is practical is sure to feed him. A man who has learnt some practical art has never known the want of bread. Money jingles in his pocket. It is, therefore, necessary that technical education which promises to give bread should be preferred to general education which cannot give bread. Conclusion : It is highly encouraging that there has been considerable change in the outlook of our government and of the people towards technical education. The Government has realized that the rapid development of the country through industrialisation and mechanized agriculture is an impossibility without technically qualified manpower. TECHNICAL EDUCATION Education is the backbone of a nation. Nowadays technical education is the main concept to improve our basic education. Education is to train the young men and women of a country so that they may be able to guide their nation easily in the light of their ideals when they begin a full life. But the system of education in our country is faulty. It does not aim at this practical aspect, because it is for the most part academic, theoretical and bookish. It fails to turn them into a confident and self­directing man. So when he enters the practical life at the close of academic career he faces the problems and complexities of the world. He is to depend upon others as his guides in the wide sea of life. The university degree does not make him capable of learning enough to earn his livelihood. Such educated unemployed or ill-employed citizens, really worsen the problem of unemployment in a free state. Vocational education aims at making a person fit for a particular vocation in life by imparting both theoretical and practical knowledge. The object is to provide the young learners with a sure foothold in the battle of life. With this end in view, the education system in our country should be replanned and readjusted to the need of the society. It should make provision for the technical institutions where such pupils, as are found unsuitable for general education may have a bread earning education without being unnecessary burdens of the country. TELEVISION Television is one of the wonders of the modern age. It is an invention of modern science. It is a great achievement in our civilization. It is a modern means of communication. It is an instrument through which we can see sight from distant places. It is used as an instructor. Many sights are being telecast along with voice and we can see many things of the world sitting at home. Paul Nepkow, a German scientist, thought over this theory. Many scientists worked hard and thought deeply over this theory. They experimented the theory for many years. At last, Bayard an English scientist invented this in the year 1926. Gradually, it has been improved and now-a-days we get coloured television. Television is a modern invention. It communicates thoughts and ideas to the public. It is being used as an important means of sending news and views of country. Through it we may enjoy the usefulness of radio and cinema at the same time. It is improved modern media of recreation. When we are tired, we may watch television. It refreshes our mind. It gives us pleasure and amusement. It is an improved medium of entertainment. It is a powerful means of knowing important events of the world at the earliest time. It teaches us many things as a media of valuable instruction. We can listen to the speeches of the statesmen and can see them at the same time. Now-a-days, it is widely used for the various purposes of the country, nation and civilization. We can see the great men of the world and listen to their historic speeches without going to the place of occurrence. Students and illiterate people are sometimes instructed through television. It serves as a means of education. But, in spite of all these facilities, it has some drawbacks too. It sometimes disturbs the students. When television is on at a place, attention of the students is diverted there and it hampers their normal education. Besides, obscene pictures are also shown now and then. Sometimes parents cannot enjoy some programmes along with their sons and daughters. These mislead our young generation, moral values are gradually degrading. Extreme fashions and styles sometimes prevail. Our young boys and girls seem to imitate these. As a result they are misguided. It influences many trends of our society, its cultures; its manners, its customs, etc. Exciting news and views sometimes create disturbance in the country. So it is both interesting and effective. It may be concluded that it is a mixed blessing for us. We may use and abuse this. We should be aware of its utility first and then we should keep a TV set at home. We should try to make the best use of it. We must realise the merits and demerits of its programmes. We should enjoy according to our taste and aptitude. Thus we may get the maximum benefit of this. Television as a medium of Education Television is one of the miracles of modern science. It is the most up- to-date means of communication. As a medium of mass communication it has proved its superiority over newspapers, radio sets and other means. It is simultaneous transmission and reproduction of sound and visual images by wireless. The word ‘tele’ means ‘distance’ and ‘vision’ means ‘sight’. So, television is a process by which our small voice along with our photographic pictures can be seen to the farthest corners of the world. Television is a wonderful invention. It is the most up-to-date means of communicating thoughts and ideas. It reproduces both sound and picture. It enables us to see a speaker and his movements and hear his voice at a great distance. It is a means to keep people informed of the whole proceedings of a conference. Through television we can see the world figures and listen to their lectures from our armchair. An airy voice and fairy like pictures greet us like far-off dreams. It is, therefore, a device that occupies and entertains both our eyes and our ears. Television is the lecture ground and the theatrical stage of the world. The actors and the actresses show their feats to the world at a time. The leaders may easily address the nation from a small room. It plays an important role at the time of our national calamity. Television is not only of the mass media but the most powerful of them all. It can educate us and influence our thoughts and ideas more effectively than any other medium because what it reproduces appeals to both our eyes and our ears. In modern times it is the best medium of advertising goods. Television has some educative values. It has broken the wall between the literate and illiterate. Even the unlettered million get knowledge of the latest developments in the world. They are being educated by television. It has also made the fruits of culture available to all classes of people. Up to this point, we must say that the TV is doing good to our youngsters by educating them and by giving them recreational facilities. But as far as the satellite TV is concerned, we cannot say this for time. The commercial package programmes broadcasted by satellite TVs are detrimental to our youngsters, pernicious to our societies, threatening to our values, traditions and religious beliefs. No invention of science has so deeply touched our eyes like television. It is one of most recent gifts of science to society. Its possiblilities are still immense. Its uses, too, are unending. Its magic is not yet exhausted. If it is properly used, it will contribute greatly to scientific and cultural development. Television Television is one of the latest inventions of science. It is an improvement over the radio. It presents both sight and sound. Thus the effect of its presentation is many times enhanced as compared to the radio. The invention of colour T.V is a great achievement of science. The emergence of cable T.V with dish antennae etc. is the latest addition to this achievement. T.V. is no longer a luxury. It has become one of the necessities of life. It is a great source of entertainment. It blends education with entertainment. it is an audio- visual device, no less important in providing information on varied topics than a newspaper. The television gives news, views, reviews and interviews. It is a mini celluloid screen and much more. Television is jeeringly termed as “the idiot box”. It is so because the typical T.V. fans remain glued to it like an idiot. The term also endeavors to scoff at the boring programmes which are sometimes presented. The usefulness of television cannot be underestimated. One can witness the events of the world in their live form. One can hear speeches, debates and witty contests. One can see exciting matches and thrilling athletic competitions. Apart from old and new documentary and feature films, interesting and educative dramas, one-act plays and several historical and mythological serials are telecast over the television. Some serials aim at furthering national integration and communal harmony. Lessons for adult and children’s education are also given. Great scientific experiments and complicated surgical operations are telecast live. Television is a great boon to the housewives. They get entertainment after they get bored while doing household chores. They also learn new lessons in cookery, knitting, sewing, interior decoration etc. The children learn new physical exercises and the students get more information about their lessons. During test and one-day matches and at the time of elections, T.V. provides the latest tally. We fell thrilled to get highlights of Olympic and other games. The telecast through the satellite has added a new dimension to the usefulness of T.V. As a result of it, Television has reached almost all parts of our country. The meteorological forecasts greatly help the farmers and fishermen. The farmers also get knowledge of new techniques of farming through T.V. The advertisements of various marketable products greatly help the producer as well as the consumer. Television is also a bane in one sense. Many children, who are too much enamored of it, get their eyesight impaired. Many others neglect their lessons and games. Also erotic scenes from films have a degenerative effect on the young people. Like all objects of science, television is a good servant but a bad master. One can develop one’s personality greatly through its proper use. The reverse can be the case in case of over- indulgence. Television (Introduction, Invention, How the system works, A source of entertainment, Its educative value, Merits, Demerits, Conclusion) Television is one of the latest and most wonderful achievements of modern science. Within the short period of its invention, it has become very popular. It has brought the whole wide world closer to us. It gives us both picture and sound. The idea of 'Television at first came to the mind of Paul Nepkev, a German scientist. Afterwards, on the basis of his experiment the Scottish scientist, John Byard invented the television in 1925. After much improvement television took the present form in 1945. The word 'Television' has been formed from two Latin words 'Tele' and 'Vision'. 'Tele' means distance and 'Vision means sight. So the word television means seeing from a distance. Radio works on the system of sending sounds through space by means of electric waves without any wire or connection between stations. Television is based on the excellence of the science of photography. An apparatus known as Cathode Ray Tube is used to break up pictures into numerous divisions of light and shade. These divisions are at once changed into electric current. The television set receives the light waves and passes it inside. It at once changes into light and shade. They are then reflected on the glass screens of the television sets. Television is a fruitful source of entertainment. It entertains us and teaches us as well. Music, dramas, sports and games, performances by the artists are presented on the television screen. The latest vision of it is the coloured TV. It has increased demand & attraction. So to say, it has made television programmes much attractive and amusing. People can get varied types of lessons from a television, which have much educative value. In a word, it has broken the barrier between the illiterate and the literate. Television is the most modern means of communicating ideas and thoughts. It serves us more than a radio. It also serves the purpose of our recreation and relaxation. Political leaders can also make the people aware of their programmes and opinions through television. It has made the world small. It has conquered time and distance. Television has some demerits too. Now and then, students prefer enjoying television to studying. Sometimes immoral films and obscene dances are projected on the television. These are corrupting the young minds. Moreover, false ideas may also be propagated. Television is a powerful mass-media. It plays a significant role in our daily life. Enjoying television has become a part and parcel of our daily business. So television programmes should be carefully produced. Considering the merits and demerits of television, we can say that the invention of television is a boon of science for mankind. THE IMPORTANCE OF TELEVISION Television is a wonderful invention of modern science. It is really a wonder how the voice is transmitted along with the image of the speaker through television. This wonderful invention has been put to various beneficial uses for the progress and prosperity of mankind. The uses of television are manifold. Television is the most modern means of communicating ideas and thoughts.Television is a source of recreation. After a day's work a sport­lover can enjoy his game and a music devotee can get his lessons from it. A news-lover can get aware of the latest development of the world and a politician can know about various political issues. Television has a great educative value in teaching the illiterate and the students. As it is a very powerful mass media, television can help removing illiteracy from our society as well as from our country. Bangladesh Open University for example, is rendering wonderful service through television. If democracy means a real bond between the government and the people, television is beneficial to democracy. Political leader can make the people aware of their programmes and thus can form public opinion. Television has its demerits too. An undemocratic government may control it to exploit the people. It can be used for sensationalism and can have harmful effect on the moral life of the people. Sometimes youngsters become addicted to enjoying and watching TV for all day long shunning away their studies. Satellite T.V. channels made inroads to the native culture. The role of television needs no further telling to people. Its programmes should be educative, instructive and harmless so that all the members of a family can watch it together with benefit and pleasure. And the authority should be alert in this regard so that television is not allowed to exercise any bad effect on the youngsters.

THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAVELLING Travelling means going from place to place. Man is by nature a travelling being. It is, so to speak, his inborn habit and interest to know the unknown, to see the unseen, to enjoy the unenjoyed thing with a view to filling his mind with new ideas, knowledge, thoughts and experiences. Travelling is an important way to gain knowledge and acquire education. The books give people the second hand knowledge, while travelling makes it perfect. It makes history real. Historical accounts of glory of ancient Bengal remain unreal till we visit the great ruins and world heritage sites. Travelling also gives us a true conception of the geographical, geological and mineralogical resources of our country. Travelling helps the traveller see the vast area of the country and her natural scenery or beauty. The wider a man travels, the greater the benefit. He will shed his prejudices quicker; he will take to new ideas more promptly; he will be less arrogant about his racial or national superiority. It also removes his deficiency, ignorance, barbarism, dogmatism, darkness, mental torment by satisfying and filling the mind with pleasure and widening his mental horizon. Travelling also develops resourcefulness. In our travels, we are faced with many unforeseen difficulties. The travelling man is found more resourceful devising means to overcome these. He is ready witted, quick to invent and prompt to execute. Travelling is very useful for us especially for the learners. It provides us not with bookish knowledge but with practical experience. It gives us an opportunity to meet our friends and relatives living in far-off places. Travellers who have accounts of their travels become the allies of the historian. We are thrilled to read now what

Huen Tsang and Ibn Batuta observed in the then Asia. Mode of travelling has been changed. In ancient time, people had to travel on foot without transports or vehicles. Now travelling is more comfortable than before. Education aims at instilling humanity in an individual. Travelling helps a man to learn humanity, charity, perseverance by encountering different customs, beliefs and life­style. Experience is the best teacher and experience gained through travelling is precious.

THE PROPER USE OF TIME Introduction: The secret of success in life lies in the proper use of time. Many of us are apt to forget that every moment is precious. Life is short but the art is long. Time is uncertain. We do not know when we shall be called away from this world by death. During this limited and uncertain period we have to build up our body and mind, and apply them to useful activities. If we waste the precious minutes of our life in idleness or frivolities, we reduce the hours of work available to us. Work will suffer and success will be difficult to achieve; at least, it will be postponed. It is only by utilizing every minute that we can hope to achieve success in our endeavour. Time once lost is lost for ever: Time once lost is lost for ever. Time and tide wait for none. The boy who is unmindful of his lessons will find to his sorrow, when he becomes a man, that he has lost the opportunity of making himself learned. The young man who is afraid of work and idles away his time, is sure to find himself in later years a burden to himself and to others. “Take time by the forelock” is a piece of wise advise. When you are engaged in gossips you should know that you are spending your time without any benefit to yourself. This time could be profitably employed in improving your health or mind. The time you spend in speaking ill of others, in aimless occupations is a sheer waste of time. The punctual find time for everything: There are some people who say that they have no time for reading books or for otherwise improving their body or mind. They only deceive themselves. If they are punctual and industrious, they will find time for everything, the busiest man has, in fact, the greatest amount of leisure, because he does his work regularly and what he can do today, he does not put off till tomorrow. Lesson from Vidyasagar’s life: The life of the great Iswarchandra Vidyasagar is an objective lesson to us. He achieve greatness in life because he made a wise use of his time. When a boy, he had to do household duties. But though a mere child, he knew the value of time and made the best use of it. When he grew up to be a man, famous for his vast learning, liberality and strength of character, he had to attend to many duties. But still, he found time to write a large number of books that are our priceless possessions today. Conclusion: History tells us that ‘men who have left their footprints on the sands of time’ were all men who made proper use of their time.

TOURISM IN BANGLADESH Introduction: Tourism is a source of joy and pleasure. Being tired of the cares and monotony of life at home, a man wants to get away for a few days. When he makes a tour just for pleasure, he is called a tourist. So the place a tourist visits must abound with such pleasures and comforts as would make him feel really happy. Prospect of tourism in Bangladesh: Bangladesh is very much rich in natural beauties and abounds in sites of historical interest. She can be one of the world’s finest attractions for the pleasure- seekers. Places of tourism in Bangladesh: Bangladesh has some places, with uncommon scenic beauties which always attract the tourists. Cox’s Bazar, Kaptai, Sylhet, the Sundarbans, the Chittagong Hill Tracts, among others, are blessed with enchanting natural beauties. Cox’s Bazar has the world’s largest natural sand beach. The wide beach at low tide is the pleasure-seekers’ paradise. The silvery beach with an evergreen picturesque background is the tourist’s ideal dream land. The Kaptai lake is famous for its charming scenic beauty. Sylhet is famous for her evergreen tea gardens on the sloping hills. So Sylhet is known as the land of ‘two leaves and a bud’ and of saints and pirs. It is also a happy resort of migratory birds. The Sundarbans, with their attractive flora and fauna, present an unforgettable scene to the tourists. There are many other beautiful things in Bangladesh. Nature seems to have lavishly bestowed on this land all her beauty and bounty. The grassy plains and hills, rivers and streams and the evergreen trees and plants present a panoramic view. All these make the land a romantic resort for the tourists. Dhaka-its own attractions: Dhaka, the capital, has its own attractions. It is specially famous for its mosques and monuments, both old and new. Among the old ones, the Lalbag Fort, Bara Katra, Chhota Katra, Hossaini Dalan, the Tara mosque have special attraction for the tourists. Among the new ones, the Baitul Mukarram, the central Shahid Minar and the National Museum are worth seeing. Places of historical interest and spiritual heritage: Besides, there are a good number of places of historical interest in Bangladesh. Mahasthangarh in Bogra, Paharpur in Rajshahi and Mainamati in Comilla can satisfy the tourists deeply who are interested in archaeological and cultural history of Bangladesh. The Darghas of Shah Jalal at Sylhet, Bayazid Bustami in Chittagong, Shah Makhdum in Rajshahi and Khan Jahan Ali at Bagerhat are no less attractive to the tourists who are interested in our spiritual heritage. Local people: The people of a place with their distinct manners and customs can easily attract the tourists. The ways of lie of the tribal people in Bangladesh such as the Garos, the Chankmas and others are no less attractive. Any tourist who is used to drinking tea will be delighted to see the local woman picking tea leaves in the tea gardens with bamboo baskets on their backs. The tribal dances and songs are always attractive to the tourists. The Parjatan Corporation of Bangladesh: Bangladesh has a good prospect in tourism but she is yet to be developed in this field. Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation has been trying to develop tourism and to attract more and more tourists. The Parjatan Corporation has already set up some motels at Cox’s Bazar, Chittagong, Rangamati and Bogra for the convenience of the tourists. It has been trying to take such other steps as would encourage more and more tourists to visit our country. Conclusion: Though Bangladesh is an ideal land for the tourists, much is yet to be done to develop tourism in Bangladesh. More comfortable and inexpensive motels and rest houses have to be built for the tourists. Above all, our tourists attractions have to be given wider publicity at home and abroad. We must make a tourist’s visit to our country rewarding and worth remembering. Then tourism will turn into a profit-earning industry for our country. Tourism In Bangladesh Bangladesh is a treasure trove of riat.ure. It is also called that the darling child of nature. There are many beautiful places in Bangladesh. Nature seems to have lavishly bestowed on this land all her beauty and bounties. In fact, Bangladesh is one of the world's first attraction for the tourists. • tourist is a person who makes a tour not only for pleasure but also for education. • visitor is a known person but a tourist is an uncommon person. A visitor visits a place to see his friends and relatives. But a tourist visits an unknown historical or interesting place for sights seeing and for knowledge. In Bangladesh there are so many historical and natural tourist spots. Some of these are:- The world's largest sea-beach Cox's bazar, is famous for his charming natural scenery. Green hills and blue water of the Bay of Bengal make there a charming C; scenery. There are many tourist hotels and restaurants which serve the tourists. The natural sights of the Kaptai lake are also beautiful. The lake is surrounded by dense forests. It abounds with fish. It has been made by constructing a dam across the river karnaphully. Many tourists visit there to see and for enjoyment. The world's largest mangrove forest Sundarbans, the house of famous Royal Bengal Tigers and charming deer. The, famous Sundarbans is now included into the World heritage Sight. Various kinds of birds, crocodile and mostly bees are found there. The Mahasthan Garh of Bogra, the Paharpur of Jaipurhat and the Mainamati of, Comilla were seats of Bhuddist culture. Many interesting relics have been found there. Tourists interested in history visit these places. he Shat Gambuj Mosque in Bagerhat, the Dargah of hazrat Shah JaIal in Sylhet and Bayazid Bostami in Chittagong are sacred places. Devotees from far and near come to visit these places. There are other tourist spots in Bangladesh. Our government isn't so much concerned about this* sector. We earn a lot of foreigp exchange from the tourists. So, it is very important to pay attention for the development of this profitable sector.

TOWN LIFE AND COUNTRY LIFE History tells us that in ancient times people lived in villages. Several villages were grouped together under one headman and formed one of the units of society. Gradually, with the increase of population and commerce, there sprang up towns. The tendency of modern civilization is to give prominence to town life. Consequently, towns are increasing in number by leaps and bounds. Both town life and country life have advantages as well as disadvantages. Towns provide us with all we want. In a town, there are numerous schools and colleges. There are big libraries where anyone can go and read about the current thoughts of the world and converse with the masterminds of old. There are lecture halls where matters of public interest are frequently discussed. Again in a town, there are hospitals and dispensaries where medical and experienced doctors from whom medical advice can be had. Besides, a town is a centre of business where all sorts of men may find suitable employment. There are also various forms of amusement and recreation. For recreation, we have clubs, parks and show houses of different kinds. Town life has its disadvantages too. A town is over-crowded. The air is full of smoke and soot. The streets are noisy. In a town, pure and fresh food-stuffs cannot be easily procured. There is too much excitement, and too little repose in towns. Its constant din and bustle gets on our nerves. People are always in a hurry as if some invisible demon of materialism, were driving them on with a whip in hand. In short, life here is so artificial that man soon loses his divine origin and becomes almost a machine. The village life has its bright side. The fish and vegetables we get are fresh, the air we breathe is pure. Here people are in direct touch with Nature which enable them to retain something of their divine origin. A village is rich in the beauties of nature. Vast fields smiling with green crops, rivers rippling gently by, woods resounding with the songs of birds, rows of trees with blooming flowers, cool groves green with leaves, make up a charming scenery. The living condition of the villagers is not satisfactory. They abound in swamps, wastes and jungles, which are hot-beds of malaria and other diseases. The sanitary conditions are unsatisfactory, and so are medical and educational facilities. The shops cannot always supply all the needs of modern life. So people have occasionally to run to nearby towns for their requirements. William Cowper, the famous English poet, wrote, “God made the country and man made the town.” This famous line represents the natural difference between town life and village life. In the country, we see things as God made them the wide-open sky above, and the green fields, beautiful flowers and murmuring streams on earth below. But the town is the product of man’s labour and cuts us off from direct contact with Nature. Our rural life will be more pleasant and comfortable if proper arrangements are made for sanitation and education. TOWN LIFE AND COUNTRY LIFE Introduction: History tells us that in ancient times people lived in villages. Several villages were grouped together under one headman and formed one of the units of society. Gradually, with the increase of population and commerce, there sprang up towns. The tendency of modern civilization is to give prominence to town life. Consequently, towns are increasing in number by leaps and bounds. Both town life and country life have advantages as well as disadvantages. Advantages of Town Life: Towns provide us with all we want. There are good roads for comfortable transport, electricity for physical comfort, good schools and colleges for education, good hospitals and clinics for proper medical treatment and good stores to meet all our wants. In a town, there are numerous schools and colleges. There are big libraries where anyone ca.n go and read about the current thoughts of the world and converse with the masterminds of old. There are lecture halls where matters of public interest are frequently discussed. In a word, anybody with a real craving for knowledge and wishing to perfect himself in any branch of study will find some educational institution with its doors wide open to him. Again in a town, there are hospitals and dispensaries where medical and experienced doctors from whom medical advice can be had. Besides, a town is a centre of business where all sorts of men may find suitable employment. There are also various forms of amusement and recreation. For recreation, we have clubs, parks and show houses of different kinds. ::BASE:: Disadvantages of town life: Town life has its disadvantages too. A town is over­crowded. The air is full of smoke and soot. The streets are noisy. In a town, pure and fresh food-stuffs cannot be easily procured. There is too much excitement, and too little repose in towns. Its constant din and bustle gets on our nerves. We are always in a hurry as if some invisible demon of materialism, were driving us on with a whip in hand. In short, life here is so artificial that man soon loses his divine origin and becomes almost a machine. ::BASE:: Advantages of Village Life: The village life has its bright side. The fish and vegetables we get are fresh, the air we breathe is pure. Here we are in direct touch with Nature which enable us to retain something of our divine origin. A village is rich in the beauties of nature. Vast fields smiling with green crops, rivers rippling gently by, woods resounding with the songs of birds, rows of trees with blooming flowers, cool groves green with leaves, make up a charming scenery. And that is sure to make one forget the worries of life. In a village life there is calm everywhere. Living is very cheap. The villagers in sympathetic co-operation with one another live a placid life. ::BASE:: Disadvantages of country life: True it is that village life now-a-days is one of discomforts and troubles. The country has no good roads, which makes transport difficult, particularly during the rainy season. There is no electricity, and no proper intellectual atmosphere and recreational facilities to suit different tastes. The living condition of the villagers is not satisfactory. They abound in swamps, wastes and jungles, which are hot-beds of malaria and other diseases. The sanitary conditions are unsatisfactory, and so are medical and educational facilities. The shops cannot always supply all the needs of modern life. So people have occasionally to run to nearby towns for their requirements. ::BASE:: Conclusion: William Cowper, the famous English poet, wrote, “God made the country and man made the town.” This famous line represents the natural difference between town life and village life. In the country, we see things as God made them the wide-open sky above, and the green fields, beautiful flowers and murmuring streams on earth below. But the town is the product of man’s labour and cuts us off from direct contact with Nature. Our rural life will be more pleasant and comfortable if proper arrangements are made for sanitation and education. ::BASE::

TRAVELLING Travelling means going from one place to another or from one country to another. Man is naturally eager to know what is unknown, to see what he has never seen. Books and pictures do not give him full satisfaction. The natural curiosity of man urges him to travel and so he is fond of travelling. No knowledge is complete without practical experience. By travelling man can know the unknown and see the unseen. Without it, he cannot know the mysteries of the world. A man who does not go out leads the life of a frog in a well. He knows nothing of the interesting things that may be in other countries. His mental horizon remains as narrow as possible. His ideas run in a narrow groove. He remains forever ignorant of that wisdom which travel and observation bring. Travelling brings us very near to real life. So, it plays a vital role to impart man the practical experience. Travelling is an essential part of our education. It increases our knowledge, gives us practical sense of places, people and things and broadens our outlook. Without it, no man’s education is complete. In Europe as soon as a boy’s education is finished, he sets out on his travel throughout the continent. Travelling refines our ideas, broadens our mind and deepens our sympathies. It makes us familiar with manners, customs, culture, modes of living and languages of other countries. We can correct our wrong information and ourselves by travelling. The knowledge which we gather from books is of a theoretical nature; but the knowledge which travelling gives us is of practical use. So, the educative value of travelling is in infinite. It is travelling which enlarges and refines our ideas, broadens our outlook and deepens our sympathies. It frees us from superstitions and all the prejudices that are harmful to us. It makes us acquainted with the manners, customs, modes of living and languages of other countries. It gives us insight into the working of social, religious and political institutions of other countries. We may learn many new things which our own country cannot give. We may take what is excellent in other countries and discard what is bad in our own. This we can do if we travel. In ancient times travelling was difficult and full of problems. Then travellers suffered a lot for want of conveyance and communication facilities. Travellers like Hiuen Tsang, Marco Polo, Ibn Batuta had to face many hardships in their famous travels. But nowadays travelling has become much easier. The inventions of modern science have made it cheap, quick and pleasant. It has now become possible to travel a long distance within a short time. The educational value of travel is undeniable. It broadens our outlook, adds to our knowledge, gives us wisdom, satisfies our curiosity and helps us become complete men. It is also a good sauce to live. Hence, we should try to go on travels to the best of our abilities. TRAVELLING Introduction: Travelling means going from one place to another or from one country to another. Man is naturally eager to know what is unknown, to see what he has never seen. Books and pictures do not give him full satisfaction. The natural curiosity of man urges him to travel and so he is fond of travelling. Purposes: Man wants to go out see great cities, mountains, big lakes, rivers and the boundless seas. He also wants to know different races of men, their manners and customs, social usages and religious rites. Again, he may want to do business with people of other countries. Sometimes he may also want relief from the dullness of life by going on a travel. So, we see that some people travel for pleasure, some for education and knowledge and again some others for business. Its importance: No knowledge is complete without practical experience. By travelling man can know the unknown and see the unseen. Without it, he cannot know the mysteries of the world. A man who does not go out leads the life of a frog in a well. As the frog thinks the well wherein it lives to be the only world, so a man who never goes abroad fancies that there is no other world than the place he resides in. He knows nothing of the interesting things that may be in other countries. His mental horizon remains as narrow as possible. His ideas run in a narrow groove. He remains forever ignorant of that wisdom which travel and observation bring. Travelling brings us very near to real life. So, it plays a vital role to impart man the practical experience. Travelling - as a part of education: Travelling is an essential part of our education. It increases our knowledge, gives us practical sense of places, people and things and broadens our outlook. Without it, no man’s education is complete. In Europe as soon as a boy’s education is finished, he sets out on his travel throughout the continent. Travelling refines our ideas, broadens our mind and deepens our sympathies. It makes us familiar with manners, customs, culture, modes of living and languages of other countries. We can correct our wrong information and ourselves by travelling. The knowledge which we gather from books is of a theoretical nature; but the knowledge which travelling gives us is of practical use. So, the educative value of travelling is in infinite. It widens outlook: It is travelling which enlarges and refines our ideas, broadens our outlook and deepens our sympathies. It frees us from superstitions and all the prejudices that are harmful to us. It makes us acquainted with the manners, customs, modes of living and languages of other countries. It gives us insight into the working of social, religious and political institutions of other countries. We may learn many new things which our own country cannot give. We may take what is excellent in other countries and discard what is bad in our own. This we can do if we travel. It fosters understanding between nations: Travelling establishes friendship among the native of the world. It also improves trade and commerce among the different nations of the world. From our direct contact with different men and women we learn to respect the different ways of life. Narrow provincialism itself dies away if we travel in different provinces. Our narrowness in many matters is similarly removed if we travel and learn things at first hand. Idea of different branches of knowledge: Eye is the most potent factor in learning. So travelling or sight seeing teaches better than books. A bookish idea through a picturesque description of the Tajmahal is rather imaginary than real. But if we travel to the spot and feast our eyes, our idea is complete. By travelling to a place of historic importance; history is made real, by travelling to a geographical spot geography is actualised; by mixing with people, sociology is placed on firm foundation and by business tour economics in illuminated too. Problems: In ancient times travelling was difficult and full of problems. Then travellers suffered a lot for want of conveyance and communication facilities. Travellers like Hiuen Tsang, Marco Polo, Ibn Batuta had to face many hardships in their famous travels. But nowadays travelling has become much easier. The inventions of modern science have made it cheap, quick and pleasant. It has now become possible to travel a long distance within a short time. Conclusion: The educational value of travel is undeniable. It broadens our outlook, adds to our knowledge, gives us wisdom, satisfies our curiosity and helps us become complete men. It is also a good sauce to live. Hence, we should try to go on travels to the best of our abilities. Travelling To see the unseen and to know the unknown is inherent in human nature. This curiosity leads men to travel from one place to another. This is called travelling. If a man stays at one place for a long time, life becomes monotonous to him. Generally people do not travel always with the same purpose. Some people travel to gain knowledge, some go to healthy places to improve their health and some people travel for pleasure only. Businessmen travel for business purposes. Travelling has manifold benefits. It is a part and parcel of our education. Our education and bookish knowledge remain imperfect without travelling. We may read about many places in our history books. If we can visit these places, the study of history becomes interesting. We read about men and things of different parts of the world. By travellling in different parts of the world, we see new people and new things. We can learn much about the manners and customs of those people. In this way, we can gain much knowledge. Consequently, our narrowness of mind disappears. Many people travel in different places to improve their health. If they go to a healthy place, they can recover their lost health. Travelling is also a source of joy to us. We see new objects and beautiful natural scenery. This refreshes both our mind and body. Travelling teaches us trade and commerce, language, sociology, customs, culture, history, geography and so on. So the educational value of travelling beggars description. But we should keep in mind to learn while travelling. Milton, Gibbon, Byron, Wordsworth, Ibne Batuta and Rabindranath are all much travelled men. In ancient times, travelling was not an easy thing. It was difficult and dangerous. People had to travel by boat, cart or on foot. It required much time also. Nowadays it has become easy and safe. We travel by steamers, ships, railway trains, aeroplanes. Thus we save much time. Travelling breaks the monotony of life and fills the mind with pleasure. Moreover, it teaches us to bear hardship and it is good training for success in the real struggle of life. Still many people are fond of travelling.

IMPORTANCE OF TREES or TREE PLANTATION Trees are the gifts of nature. They are the most important elements of our environment. A country without trees is no more than a desert. They are our great friends because they serve us in many ways. In fact, our life-cycle largely depends on trees. The contribution of trees to human civilisation is quite inestimable. Bangladesh is a land of trees. It has got different kinds of trees in its forest and on every habitable ground. In the hill-tracts the trees like Teak, Mehogini, Shaal and Shishu grow in abundance. There are trees like Keora, Garan, Sundari etc grow in the Sundarbans. Some valuable trees are also found in Madhupur Garh in Mymensingh. There are fruit trees in the country. These are mango tree, jack-fruit tree, black-berry tree, tamarind tree, lichi tree and palm tree. Among the non-fruit trees Koroi, Babla, Khoir, Banyan and many others are found here and there in the soil of the country. Trees are very useful and valuable to us. First of all, they help us to give oxygen and remove the harmful impact of carbon-di-oxide from the air for which the living creature still exists. Trees give us food and shelter. We get various types of fruits and vegetables which are essential for maintaining our sound health from trees. Trees give us timber to build our houses, furniture, boats, ships etc. They also give shelter to the homeless. A special gift of tree is flower. Flowers bloom in them, which forms the natural beauty in a country and develops our sound mind. Trees balance the nature. It is very essential in a country to cause rains and it protects us from cyclone and the scorching heat of the sun. They save the soil from erosion, too. Our environment can be prevented by trees from being polluted. They keep the environment pure. Trees are also a great source for earning foreign currency. To increase the number of trees we should be attentive at trees plantation. In government and non-government way, we should make rule for trees plantation. People must be convinced of the need for planting more and more trees. Every person should plant trees in his house. We should plant the trees of flowers and fruits beside our houses. Planting fruit trees can lessen the pressure on rice. Students should plant trees in their schools and colleges. Trees are the great assets of our country. So, the importance of trees plantation is infinite in our life. In the past, there were plenty of trees in Bangladesh. But with the growth of population trees are disappearing day by day because a huge number of trees are to be chopped every day. People use wood as fuel and burns trees in the brickfield. As a result, our country is losing so many of her trees. So, the destruction of trees is to be checked. Otherwise the shortage of trees will put us into sufferings in many ways. We should take care of it for the greater interest of the country and for our own survival.

I MPORTANCE OF TREES OR TREES PLANTATION

Introduction: Trees are the gift of nature. They are the most important element of our environment. A country without trees is no more than a desert. They are our great friends because they serve us in many ways. In fact, our life - cycle largely depends on trees. The contribution of trees to civilisation is quite inestimable.

Description: A tree has roughly five parts- namely, roots, the stem or trunk branches, twigs and leaves. The roots are in the ground. They keep the tree fixed to the earth. The trunk is thickest - part of the tree. It rises from the ground. Branches grow from the trunk and twigs come out from the branches. Leaves grow on the twigs. Fresh leaves are green and dry leaves are brown.

Innumerable Varieties: There are many Kinds and varieties of trees. Some are large and some are small. Very small trees are called plants. Some trees have many branches. Some trees, such as the coconut trees, the date trees and the palm trees have no branches. They have big leaves at the top. Again, there are some trees which give us fruit and edible vegetables, oil etc. Some of them are also used as fuel and for making furniture. Some other trees are used exclusively as raw materials for different industries and also for making furniture, houses, sports, goods, wooden implements and apparatus of many kinds.

Trees in Bangladesh: Bangladesh is a land of trees. It has got different kinds of trees in its forest and on every habitable ground. In the hill- tracts the trees like Teak, Mehogini, Shaal and Shishu grow in abundance. There are trees like Keora, Garan, Sundari etc grow in the Sundarbans. Some Valuable trees are also found in Madhupur garh in Mymensingh. There are fruit trees in the Country. This are mango tree, jack -fruit tree, black-berry tree, tamarind tree, lichi tree and palm tree. Among the non- fruit trees Koroi, Babla, Khoir, Banyan and many others are found here and there in the soil of the country.

Importance of trees: Trees are very useful and valuable to us. First of all, they help us to give oxygen and remove the harmful impact of carbon-di-oxide from the air for which the living creature still exists. Trees give us food and shelter. We get various types of fruits and vegetables which are essential for maintaining our sound health from trees. Trees give us timber to build our houses, Furniture, boats, ships etc. They also give shelter to the homeless. A special gift of tree is flower. Flowers bloom in them, which forms the natural beauty in a country and develops our sound mind. Trees balance the nature. It is very essential in a country to cause rains and it protects us from cyclone and the scorching heat of the sun. They save the soil from erosion, too. Our environment can be prevented by trees from being polluted . They keep the environment pure. Trees are also a great source for earning foreign currency.

Protection trees: In the past, there were plenty of trees in Bangladesh. But with the growth of population trees are disappearing day by day. Because, a huge number of trees are to be chopped every day. People use wood as fuel and burns trees in the brickfield. As a result, our country is losing so many of her trees. So, the destruction of trees are to be checked. Otherwise the shortage of trees will put us into sufferings in many ways. Moreover, we can get more trees by planting.

How we succeed in trees plantation: To increase the number of trees we should be attentive at trees plantation. In government and non - government way. We should make rule for trees plantation. People must be convinced of the need for planting more and more trees. Every person should plant trees in his house. We should plant the trees of flowers and fruits beside our houses. Planting fruit trees can lessen the pressure on rice. Students should plant trees in their schools and colleges.

Conclusion: Trees are the great assets of our country. So, the importance of trees plantation is infinite in our life. We must take care of it for the greater interest of the country and for our own survival.

Tree Plantation and Deforestation

Trees are the most important gift of nature. Since the dawn of civillization. Man has a close relationship with nature. They help us in maintaining the ecological balance which is essential for the preservation of life on earth. They are our friends. They play an important role in our life and economy.

Trees are useful to us in many ways. We get from trees different kinds of nutritious fruits which made us healthy and protect us from diseases. By taking in carbon dioxide and giving off oxygen in the air, trees help us to exist on earth. Trees give shade and shelter to many people. Trees make the land fertile and save the soil from erosion. Trees attract rains. We get timber from trees. We use timbers in making houses, furniture etc. Trees are used as fuel. Trees are also our source of income. We can earn a lot of money by selling fruits and timber.

Bangladesh is mostly a flat and riverine country. Lands in the upper region of the river are highly suitable for the growth and development of trees. Sea-beaches, low-lying unused lands, sides of the highways and roads can be brought under the scheme of tree plantation. Again, in the hilly areas of Chittagong Hill Tracts and Sylhet there are many lands left unused. These lands can also be brought under the plantation programme.

Deforestation means cutting down trees in large number. It is very harmful for our existence. It causes ecological imbalance. It leads to soil erosion and deprives us of fruit and timber and causes economic loss. It is also responsible for climatic change, as well as global warming. In fact, if deforestation goes on our country will be turned into a desert. So we should stop cutting down trees for the greater interest of our existence. We should create awareness among the general people in this regard. So every man and woman should plant tree to make the country green.

Trees and forests bear a great impact on climate. A country needs trees to ensure a cool and healthy climate for her people. If we destroy trees randomly, one day the country will turn into a desert. As a result, the country will face a great crisis because our country is dependent upon agriculture.

Tree plantation is, by far, one of our most important duties. It is essential to prevent greenhouse effect. So tree-plantation is a must. June and July are the most suitable period for planting trees in our country. Both government and private sectors should come forward to raise consciousness people about the importance of tree plantation.

THE IMPORTANCE OF TREE PLANTATION

Trees are the most important gifts of nature. Since the dawn of civilization, man has a close relationship with nature. They help us in maintaining the ecological balance which is essential for the preservation of life on earth. They are our friends. They play an important role in our life and economy.

Trees are useful to us in many ways. We get from trees different kinds of nutritious fruits which make us healthy and protect us from diseases. By taking carbon dioxide and giving off oxygen in the air, trees help us to exist on earth. Trees give shade and shelter to many people. Trees make the land fertile and save the soil from erosion. Trees attract rains. We get timber from trees. We use timbers in making houses, furniture, etc. Trees are used as fuel. Trees are also our source of income. We can earn a lot of money by selling fruits and timber.

Bangladesh is mostly a flat and riverine country. Lands in the upper region of the river are highly suitable for the growth and. development of trees. Sea-beaches, low-lying unused lands, sides of the highways and roads can be brought under the scheme of tree plantation. Again, in the hilly areas of Chittagong Hill Tracts and Sylhet there are many lands left unused. These lands can also be brought under the plantation programme.

June and July are the most suitable period for planting trees in our country. Both government and private sectors should come forward to raise consciousness people about the importance of trees plantation.

Trees and forests bear a great impact on climate. A country needs trees to ensure a cool and healthy climate for her people.

If we destroy trees randomly, one day the country will turn into a desert. As a result the country will face a great crisis because our country is dependent upon agriculture.

Tree plantation is, by far, one of our most important duties. It is essential to prevent greenhouse effect. So Tree-plantation is a must.

Tree Plantation / Afforestation

/ Man And Trees

Man lives in nature. They depend on the possibility of assistance of nature. Availability of different natural resources like soil, water, coal, oil, gas etc. are influenced by trees and plants. Trees are closely related with human life. So, trees play an important role in both our life and economy.

Bangladesh is a deltaic region country. Sea-beaches and low- lying unused lands can be used for tree plantation. We can plant trees on the banks of ponds, on the banks of dams and on both sides of highways etc. Again in the villages there are many places which can be used for tree plantation.

June - July is the proper time for tree plantation. Tree plantation programmes should be expanded to the remote corners of the country. People must be convinced of the need for planting trees. Every year "Tree Plantation Week" is held.

Contribution of trees to the life of men are spectacular. Trees will solve food problems to some extent. These are a great source of food and vitamins. They meet up our vitamin deficiency. We get rich fruits and life saving medicines from trees and plants. We also get timber from trees. We use the timber to make furniture, doors, windows, boats and ships for our domestic use.

Green plants play the most important role in keeping the atmospheric balance by consuming carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. So, removal of plants and trees would disturb the composition of natural air. Natural calamities such as floods, cyclones, droughts are frequent affairs in Bangladesh.

Trees give shade and shelter to people. Trees make the land fertile and save us from erosion. Trees cause rainfall and beautify nature. They keep the environment cool and protected. Trees are also used as fuel. So to say, trees are constant companions of our daily life.

Finally, we can say that trees are our national assets. We should take massive programmes for plantation of trees all over the country. It may be noted that public awareness should be made to avoid cutting of trees. Hence, we should strive to make forests nearly all over Bangladesh.

Tree Plantation

Introduction : Nature is full of many useful, valuable and important gifts and blessings to make life easy and comfortable. The tree is one of the most useful and important elements of Nature. It is one of the best friends of men, animals and birds. A tree keeps environment, and climate of a area balanced and sound. We can not do even a day without the blessings of trees. So it is our bounden duty to plant more trees and take care of them properly. Tree plantation means planting more and more trees around our houses, highways, rail lines, offices and roads.

Value/utility : The value of trees in our life is very great and it can't be described in words. Its importance (value) is stated below .­

.a. A tree is a great source of fruits and vitamins which give us vital force.

b. It is only the root source of wood which is used for making furniture, houses, shops, ships and steamers.

c. It is also a great source of many valuable medicines which save our life. d.. It causes heavy rainfall which makes soil soft and fertile and we get plenty of crops, fruits and vegetables:

e. It produces huge oxygen which is indispensable of life.

f. Man exhale carbon-di-oxide and it is the tree which inhales carbon-di-oxide, a life killing substance.

g. It prevents air pollution which endangers our existence.

h. It maintains the ecological balance of our environment.

i. It prevents soil from erosion and natural disasters.

j. It saves houses from floods. cyclones and storms.

k. It gives shade which saves us from the scorching heat of the sun.

It brings a lot of foreign currency every year.

Result of destroying trees : Today deforestation is a major and alarming problem. It is the global problem too. Now trees are being cut down and forests. are being burnt at random all the year round. As a result, we face the' following dangerous problems in our day-to-day rife.

a. Air pollution is increasing day by day.

b. Temperature is going up wonderfully day by day.

c. There is a little rainfall in our country which hampers our crops and climate severely.

d. Floods, Cyclones, Sidrs, tidal bores and storms visit in our country every year.

e. The balance of our six seasons is seriously hampered.

f. Every year a bitter cold grips in the northern part of our country.

g. Life has become impossible.

h. Foreign currency is hampered.

I. If this condition continues, our country will turn into a desert soon.

Tree plantation : It is high time we started tree plantation programme to save our environment as well as our existence on earth. Trees should be planted by every family. Trees should be planted on the banks- of ponds and dams, on the both sides of roads, highways, rail lines, embankments 'and barrages. Trees should be planted on any fallow land near our houses, schools and offices. June and July are the proper time for tree plantation. With a view to making the tree plantation programme- successful and fruitful in our dreamland. Public awareness must be raised, illiteracy must be wiped out and population explosion must -be controlled with an iron hand.

Conclusion : Trees are very useful to men and animals. They are part and parcel in. our life. In order to maintain a good harmony between man and nature we must plant more and more trees. If we don't stop the cutting down of trees and the bunting 'down forests our existence will become impossible on earth. So we should stop the cutting down of trees-and destruction of forest for our greater interest.

PLANTING TREES IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: “Give back the forest, take your town”, says Rabindranath Tagore. Forests play a vital role in the economy of a country. Forests exert much influence upon the climatic condition of a country. So forests and trees are deeply interlinked with overall development and progress of a people. Trees give us food and shelter. They make the land fertile. They save land from erosion. They are, as such, part and parcel of our life. Forest resources of Bangladesh: Bangladesh is a lower riparian country. Lands in the upper valley of a river are more suitable for the growth and development of forest. As a result, we have no rich forest resources. The forests of Bhawal, Madupur, Chittagong Hill Tracts and the famous Sundarbans constitute our forest resources. Sundari, garan and ghewa are the famous wood of our forests.

Trees provide us with food and vitamins: Trees give us fruits and these fruits satisfy a part of our food requirement. Fruits also provide us with vitamins. Trees of mango, jack-fruit, coconut, black-beery, guava etc. supply us delicious fruits. Trees solve food problem to some extent. Fruit trees, if planted properly, provide people with vitamins and help people to get good health.

Scope of afforestation and plantation: There is ample scope for afforestation and plantation in our country. Sea-beaches and low- lying areas can be brought under the scheme of afforestation with special types of trees suited to the soil. Shady trees and fruit trees should be planted by the side of roads and highways. Trees may be planted on all sides of ponds and ‘dighis’ in villages.

Proper time of plantation of trees: June-July is the proper time for planting trees. Planting week needs to be expanded up to the interior of the villages. Govt. officials gifted with proper knowledge of afforestation and plantation may take initiative to popularise tree plantation. Illiterate people of the villages of our country do not know the utility and importance of trees and forests. Motivation in this line will be a fruitful attempt.

Conclusion: ours is a free and developing country. Gone are those days of frustration of colonial rule. All of us are greatly concerned with overall development of our country. It is our bounden duty to develop our country in forest resources. Development in affortation and tree­plantation will strengthen the back-bone of our economy.

PLANTING TREES IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: “Give back the forest, take your town”, says Rabindranath Tagore. Forests play a vital role in the economy of a country. Forests exert much influence upon the climatic condition of a country. So forests and trees are deeply interlinked with overall development and progress of a people. Trees give us food and shelter. They make the land fertile. They save land from erosion.

They are, as such, part and parcel of our life. Forest resources of Bangladesh: Bangladesh is a lower riparian country. Lands in the upper valley of a river are more suitable for the growth and development of forest. As a result, we have no rich forest resources.

The forests of Bhawal, Madupur, Chittagong Hill Tracts and the famous Sundarbans constitute our forest resources. Sundari, garan and ghewa are the famous wood of our forests.

Trees provide us with food and vitamins: Trees give us fruits and these fruits satisfy a part of our food requirement. Fruits also provide us with vitamins. Trees of mango, jack-fruit, coconut, black-beery, guava etc. supply us delicious fruits. Trees solve food problem to some extent. Fruit trees, if planted properly, provide people with vitamins and help people to get good health.

Scope of afforestation and plantation: There is ample scope for afforestation and plantation in our country. Sea-beaches and low- lying areas can be brought under the scheme of afforestation with special types of trees suited to the soil. Shady trees and fruit trees should be planted by the side of roads and highways. Trees may be planted on all sides of ponds and ‘dighis’ in villages.

Proper time of plantation of trees: June-July is the proper time for planting trees. Planting week needs to be expanded up to the interior of the villages. Govt. officials gifted with proper knowledge of afforestation and plantation may take initiative to popularise tree plantation. Illiterate people of the villages of our country do not know the utility and importance of trees and forests. Motivation in this line will be a fruitful attempt.

Conclusion: ours is a free and developing country. Gone are those days of frustration of colonial rule. All of us are greatly concerned with overall development of our country. It is our bounden duty to develop our country in forest resources. Development in affortation and tree­plantation will strengthen the back-bone of our economy.