Adjective - Lesson-1 for University Admission Test, Job Application Test, BCS Exam and Any Competitive Examination

TOPIC: ADJECTIVE

ADJECTIVE & DEGREE

Part 1: Primary Discussion

Adjective অর্থ ‘বিশেষণ’। যে word কোনো noun/pronoun এর দোষ, গুণ, অবস্থা, পরিমাণ বা সংখ্যার ধারণা প্রকাশ করে তাকে adjective বলে। Adjective বাক্যে সর্বদা noun বা pronoun কে modify/qualify (বিশেষিত) করে।

1. Ezazul Haque is considered an honest man.

2. He is very honest.

(প্রথম বাক্যে noun (man) এর পূর্বে এবং দ্বিতীয় বাক্যে pronoun (He) এর পর honest শব্দটি বসে যথাক্রমে man এবং পূর্ববর্তী He সম্পর্কে গুণের ধারণা প্রকাশ করছে। তাই প্রথম ও দ্বিতীয় বাক্যের honest শব্দদ্বয় adjective.)

ব্যাকরণবিদগণ বিভিন্ন দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে এর শ্রেণিবিভাগ করে থাকেন। তবে, কাজের ধরন ও বাক্যে অবস্থান অনুযায়ী Adjective এর শ্রেণিবিভাগ নিম্নরূপ:

কাজের ধরন অনুযায়ী:

1. Quality

2. Quantity

3. Number

4. Pronominal

অবস্থান অনুযায়ী:

1. Attributive

2. Predicative

Identification of Adjective in a Sentence

Rule-01: Noun-এর immediately আগে adjective ব্যবহৃত হয়। অর্থাৎ, Adjective + Noun বসে।

• Ex: Identify the adjective in the sentence "The last chapter is carelessly written". [Dhaka Bank Recruitment Test-03]

  • (A) last

  • (B) chapter

  • (C) carelessly

  • (D) written

  • Ans: (A)

Rule-02: Linking verb (be verb, appear, become, feel, taste, smell, look, turn, remain, go, come, get, etc.) এর পর adjective ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• Ex: We ought to improve the condition of those who feel downtrodden. The underlined word is a/an-. [GST-B: 22-23]

  • (A) Adjective

  • (B) Adverb

  • (C) Verb

  • (D) Noun

  • Ans: (A)

Rule-03 Noun functioning as adjective: কোন Sentence-এ পাশাপাশি দুটি Noun ব্যবহৃত হলে প্রথমটি Adjective এবং পরেরটি noun হিসেবে কাজ করে। এক্ষেত্রে প্রথমটিকে noun functioning as adjective বলা হয়।

• Ex: Put the mail on the hall table.

• Ex: He is a fast learner. Here 'fast' is: [JU C: 21-22]

  • (A) a noun

  • (B) an adjective

  • (C) an adverb

  • (D) a conjunction

  • Ans: (B)

• Ex: It is an email address. In this sentence 'email' is- [যুব উন্ন, অধি,, সহ, উপ, কর্ম, '২২]

  • (A) Adjective

  • (B) Adverb

  • (C) Verb

  • (D) none

  • Ans: (A)

Rule-04 Hyphenated Adjectives: একাধিক noun হাইফেন দ্বারা যুক্ত হলে এগুলো adjective হিসেবে কাজ করে এবং তাদেরকে Hyphenated Adjective বলে। এগুলোর সাথে s/es যুক্ত হয় না। মাঝে মাঝে পরীক্ষার প্রশ্নে হাইফেন নাও থাকতে পারে, কিন্তু নিয়ম ঠিক থাকবে।

• Ex: That magnificent temple was constructed by the Chinese. [JU 13-14, Unit-E3]

  • (A) eight-centuries old

  • (B) eight-centuries-old

  • (C) old eight-centuries

  • (D) eight-century-old

  • Ans: (D)

Rule-05: Verb এর present participle form (ing যুক্ত verb) এবং past participle form (ed যুক্ত verb) যদি কোনো noun কে modify করে তবে তারা adjective হয়ে যায়।

• Ex: We came to an abandoned house. The underlined word is [JU A: 14-15]

  • (A) Adverb

  • (B) Adjective

  • (C) Verb

  • (D) Noun

  • Ans: (B)

• Ex: I helped a drowning man. Here 'drowning' is a: [RU:A 13-14]

  • (A) verbal adjective

  • (B) gerund

  • (C) past participle

  • (D) verbal noun

  • Ans: (A)

Part 2: Most Important Rules with Previous Questions

Classification of Adjective

কাজ ও ব্যবহারের ধরন অনুযায়ী Adjective প্রধানত চার প্রকার। যথা:

1. Adjective of Quality (গুণবাচক বিশেষণ)

2. Adjective of Quantity (পরিমাণবাচক বিশেষণ)

3. Adjective of Number (সংখ্যাবাচক বিশেষণ)

4. Pronominal Adjective (সর্বনামবাচক বিশেষণ)

01. Adjective of Quality: যে adjective কোনো noun বা pronoun এর দোষ, গুণ এবং অবস্থা প্রকাশ করে তাকে adjective of quality বলে।

• Ex: Dhaka is an old city.

• Ex: He is an honest man.

Note: Proper noun কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun টিকে বিশেষিত করলে তা proper adjective যা adjective of quality এর অন্তর্ভুক্ত। Proper adjective সবসময় capital letter দিয়ে শুরু হয়।

• Ex: This is an English grammar book.

• Ex: We went to the American Embassy.

02. Adjective of Quantity: যে adjective কোনো noun বা pronoun এর পরিমাণ প্রকাশ করে তাকে adjective of quantity বলে।

• Ex: Joy have had enough exercise.

• Ex: There is much water in the pond.

Note: Adjective of quantity সাধারণত material এবং abstract noun তথা uncountable noun এর পূর্বে বসে।

03. Adjective of Number: যে adjective কোনো noun বা pronoun এর সংখ্যা প্রকাশ করে তাকে adjective of number বলে। ব্যবহারের ধরন অনুযায়ী adjective of number তিন প্রকার। যথা:

• (i) Cardinal Numeral Adjective: যে word দ্বারা কোনো noun এর নির্দিষ্ট সংখ্যা বোঝায় তাকে cardinal numeral adjective বলে। (Ex: One, two, three, four, five... etc.)

  • Ex: Our heart has four chambers.

• (ii) Ordinal Numeral Adjective: যে word দ্বারা কোনো noun এর ক্রম বা অবস্থান বোঝায় তাকে ordinal numeral adjective বলে। (Ex: First, second, third... etc.)

  • Ex: Sunday is the first day of the week.

  • Note: Ordinal numeral adjective এর পূর্বে নির্দিষ্ট করে বোঝাতে the বসবে। Ex: He is the second boy of the class.

• (iii) Multiplicative Numeral Adjective: যে word দ্বারা কোনো noun এর পরিমাণগত মাত্রা (কতবার) বোঝায় তাকে multiplicative numeral adjective বলে। (Ex: Single, double, triple, quadruple, etc.)

  • Ex: A few doctors take double fees from patients.

04. Pronominal Adjective: যে pronoun কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun কে বিশেষিত করে তাকে pronominal adjective বলে। Pronominal adjective হিসেবে noun এর পূর্বে পাঁচ ধরনের pronoun ব্যবহৃত হয়। যথা:

• (i) Possessive Pronominal Adjective: Pronoun এর possessive form গুলো (my, our, your, his, her, their, its, etc.) কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun এর স্বত্বাধিকার নির্দেশ করলে তাকে possessive pronominal adjective বলে।

  • Ex: We love our country.

  • Ex: This is my school.

• (ii) Distributive Pronominal Adjective: Distributive pronoun (Each, every, either, neither) কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun টি কে পৃথকভাবে নির্দেশ করলে তাকে distributive pronominal adjective বলে।

  • Ex: Every mother loves her child.

  • পার্থক্য:

    • Pronoun হিসেবে: Each of the boys was absent.

    • Adjective হিসেবে: Each boy was absent.

• (iii) Demonstrative Pronominal Adjective: Demonstrative pronoun (This, these, that, those, such) কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun টি কে বিশেষভাবে নির্দেশ করলে তাকে demonstrative pronominal adjective বলে।

  • Ex: He has arranged this programme.

  • Ex: Those mangoes are sour.

  • Note: Singular noun এর পূর্বে this/that/such a এবং plural noun এর পূর্বে these/those ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• (iv) Interrogative Pronominal Adjective: WH word (what, which, etc.) কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun টি কে বিশেষভাবে নির্দেশ করলে তাকে Interrogative pronominal adjective বলে।

  • Ex: Which pen do you like most?

• (v) Relative Pronominal Adjective: Relative pronoun কোনো noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun টি কে বিশেষভাবে নির্দেশ করলে তাকে relative pronominal adjective বলে।

  • Ex: This is the book whose pages are torn.

Important Notes on Usage

Note 1: Enough Enough শব্দটি সাধারণত noun এর পূর্বে/পরে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে কিন্তু সবসময় adjective/adverb এর পরে বসে।

• Ex: A seventeen year old boy is not old enough to vote in an election.

• Ex: When your body does not get ____, it cannot make the glucose it needs. [RU C: 04-05]

  • (A) food as enough

  • (B) food enoughly

  • (C) enough the food

  • (D) enough food

  • Ans: (D)

Note 2: One-another-the other vs Some-others-the others

• তিনটি singular noun-কে ধারাবাহিকভাবে বোঝাতে one, another এবং the other বসে। (Ex: One is red, another is white and the other is blue.)

• Plural noun কে নির্দেশ করতে some, other/others এবং the other/the others বসে। (Ex: Some are red, other shirts/others are white...)

• দুটির ক্ষেত্রে, প্রথম ও শেষটি ব্যবহৃত হয় এবং মাঝেরটি বাদ যায় (one... the other).

• Ex: Of the two office clerks, one is experienced and ____ [CU-D:19-20]

  • (A) the others are not

  • (B) another is inexperienced

  • (C) the other is not

  • (D) other lacks experience

  • Ans: (C)

Classification by Position

01. Attributive Adjective: Adjective যখন noun এর পূর্বে বসে ঐ noun এর দোষ, গুণ, অবস্থা, সংখ্যা বা পরিমাণ প্রকাশ করে তখন তাকে attributive adjective বলে।

• Ex: A black cat is on the table.

• Ex: I have bought a large suitcase.

02. Predicative Adjective: Adjective যখন linking verb এর পরে বসে পূর্ববর্তী noun বা pronoun এর দোষ, গুণ, অবস্থা, সংখ্যা বা পরিমাণ প্রকাশ করে তাকে predicative adjective বলে।

• Ex: Apples taste delicious.

• Ex: They are excellent.

Degree of Comparison

বাক্যে দুই বা ততোধিক ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী এবং বস্তুর মধ্যে তুলনা করতে adjective এর যে তিনটি form (positive/comparative/superlative) ব্যবহার হয় তাকে degree of comparison বলে।

1. Rahman is a good man. (Positive - সাধারণ গুণ)

2. Rahman is better than Kamal. (Comparative - দুইয়ের মধ্যে তুলনা)

3. Rahman is the best of all in the village. (Superlative - সবার মধ্যে শ্রেষ্ঠত্ব)

01. Positive Degree: কোনো ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী এবং বস্তুর সাধারণ গুণ প্রকাশ পায়। (Ex: He is a strong man.) 02. Comparative Degree: দুইজন ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী এবং বস্তুর মধ্যে দোষ, গুণ, অবস্থার তুলনা প্রকাশ পায়। (Ex: He is stronger than his brother.) 03. Superlative Degree: দুইয়ের অধিক ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী এবং বস্তুর মধ্যে একজনের/একটির দোষ, গুণ, অবস্থার শ্রেষ্ঠত্ব বা সর্বোচ্চ মাত্রার তুলনা প্রকাশ পায়। (Ex: He is the strongest of all.)

• Ex: A comedy is ____ than an action movie. [DU B: 17-18]

  • (A) more funny

  • (B) funnier

  • (C) most funny

  • (D) funniest

  • Ans: (B)

• Ex: Which is the correct sentence? [7 College-Science: 20-21]

  • (A) The Nile is the longest river in Africa.

  • (B) The Nile is longest river in Africa.

  • (C) Nile is longest river in the Africa.

  • (D) Nile is longest river in Africa.

  • Ans: (A) (Superlative এর পূর্বে the বসে)।

Rules of Formation of Degree

1. General Rule: Adjective এর শেষে -er যোগ করে comparative এবং -est যোগ করে superlative করা হয়। (যদি শেষে দুটি consonant বা একটি vowel+consonant থাকে)।

Positive	Comparative (er)	Superlative (est)
Great	Greater	Greatest
Small	Smaller	Smallest
Poor	Poorer	Poorest
Strong	Stronger	Strongest
Bold	Bolder	Boldest

2. Ends in 'e': Adjective এর শেষে 'e' থাকলে শুধু -r যোগ করে comparative এবং -st যোগ করে superlative করা হয়।

Positive	Comparative (r)	Superlative (st)
Able	Abler	Ablest
Brave	Braver	Bravest
Fine	Finer	Finest
True	Truer	Truest
Wise	Wiser	Wisest

3. Consonant Doubling: Adjective এর শেষে একটি consonant এবং তার পূর্বে একটি vowel থাকলে শেষের consonant টি double করে এরপর -er এবং -est যোগ করতে হয়।

Positive	Comparative (er)	Superlative (est)
Big	Bigger	Biggest
Hot	Hotter	Hottest
Fat	Fatter	Fattest
Sad	Sadder	Saddest
Red	Redder	Reddest

4. Ends in 'y': Adjective এর শেষে -y এবং এর পূর্বে consonant থাকলে y এর স্থলে i বসিয়ে -er/-est যোগ করতে হয়। কিন্তু y এর পূর্বে vowel থাকলে y পরিবর্তন হয় না (e.g., Gay -> Gayer -> Gayest).

Positive	Comparative (ier)	Superlative (iest)
Happy	Happier	Happiest
Easy	Easier	Easiest
Heavy	Heavier	Heaviest
Pretty	Prettier	Prettiest
Lazy	Lazier	Laziest

• Ex: Superlative form of the word 'Easy' is - [BSC-Nursing: 22-23]

  • (A) more easy

  • (B) most easy

  • (C) easiest

  • (D) easier

  • Ans: (C)

• Multi-Syllable: একের অধিক syllable বিশিষ্ট adjective এর পূর্বে more যোগ করে comparative এবং most যোগ করে superlative করতে হয়।

Positive	Comparative (more)	Superlative (most)
Comfortable	More comfortable	Most comfortable
Courageous	More courageous	Most courageous
Beautiful	More beautiful	Most beautiful
Important	More important	Most important
Difficult	More difficult	Most difficult

6. Irregular Adjective: নির্দিষ্ট নিয়ম নেই।

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Good/Well	Better	Best
Bad/Evil/Ill	Worse	Worst
Little	Less/Lesser	Least
Much	More	Most (quantity)
Many	More	Most (number)
Late	Later	Latest
Old	Older/Elder	Oldest/Eldest
Few	Fewer	Fewest

Note: Adverb of place/time used as adjective:Far - Farther - FarthestNear - Nearer - Nearest/Next

Structure of Degrees

1. Positive Degree Structure

• (i) Subject + verb + as + positive degree + as + noun/pronoun. (Ex: Rafa is as intellectual as Rafin.)

• (ii) Subject + verb (neg) + so/as + positive degree + as + noun/pronoun. (Ex: The boy is not so clever as his friend.)

  • Ex: She is beautiful, but she is ____ her mother. [24th BCS]

    • (A) most beautiful

    • (B) less beautiful

    • (C) as beautiful

    • (D) not so beautiful as

    • Ans: (D)

• (iii) No other + singular noun + verb + so/as + positive degree + as + noun/pronoun. (Ex: No other man in the village is so wise as Nur.)

• (iv) Very few + plural noun + plural verb + as + positive degree + as + noun/pronoun. (Ex: Very few cities in Bangladesh are as large as Chattogram.)

2. Comparisons of Similarity (The same, Similar, Like)

• The same... as / The same as / The same. (Ex: Jaman speaks the same language as his sister.)

• Similar to / Similar. (Ex: That joke is similar to a joke that I heard.)

• Like / Alike. (Ex: Saiful looks like his brother.)

  • Ex: Choose the correct sentence. [DU-B: 2002-03]

    • (A) Bangladesh is like Vietnam.

    • (B) Bangladesh is as like as Vietnam.

    • (C) Bangladesh is same to Vietnam.

    • (D) Bangladesh is some like Vietnam.

    • Ans: (A)

3. Comparative Degree Structure

• (i) Subject + verb + comparative degree + than + noun/pronoun. (Ex: She is older than you.)

• (ii) Subject + verb + more + adj + than...

• (iii) Subject + verb + Latin comparative (senior/junior/superior) + to + noun/pronoun. (Ex: She is senior to Sumon.)

• (iv) ...than any other + singular noun. (Ex: Homer is greater than any other epic poet.)

• (v) ...than all other + plural noun. (Ex: Homer is greater than all other epic poets.)

• (vi) Comparison of two qualities in same person: More + positive degree + than + positive degree. (Ex: Swapon is more good than bad.)

• (vii) Intensifiers: Far/Much + comparative. (Ex: His house is far more expensive than yours.)

  • Ex: I feel ____ now. [BU, B: 13-14]

    • (A) more happier

    • (B) much happy

    • (C) more happy

    • (D) much happier

    • Ans: (D)

• (x) Selection of one out of two: The + comparative + of the two. (Ex: Razia is the better of the two girls.)

  • Ex: Of the two girls, Sultana is the ____ intelligent. [JKKNIU, AL:18-19]

    • (A) most

    • (B) more

    • (C) as

    • (D) far

    • Ans: (B)

4. Double Comparative (যত... তত)

• Structure: The + comparative..., the + comparative...

• Ex: The more you read, the more you learn.

• Ex: The more we ____, the less we ____ [CU, A: 17-18]

  • (A) solve, get clever

  • (B) solved, feel shaky

  • (C) solve, feel shaky

  • (D) do not solve, get clever

  • Ans: (C)

• Ex: Which of the following sentences is correct? [DU-D: 16-17]

  • (A) More you read, less you understand.

  • (B) The more you read, less you understand.

  • (C) The more you read, the less you understand.

  • (D) More you read, the less you understand.

  • Ans: (C)

5. Illogical Comparison দুটি অসম বস্তু বা বিষয়ের মধ্যে তুলনা হলে তাকে Illogical comparison বলে। এটি সংশোধন করতে that of (singular এর ক্ষেত্রে) বা those of (plural এর ক্ষেত্রে) ব্যবহার করতে হয়।

• Structure: ...comparative degree + than + that of / those of + noun.

• Ex: The salary of a professor is higher than that of a teacher. (Not "than a teacher").

• Ex: The paintings of Sajal are more beautiful than those of Raju. (Not "than Raju").

• Ex: Select the correct sentence. [JnU, B: 2013-14]

  • (A) The roads of Dhaka is wider than Khulna.

  • (B) The roads of Dhaka is wider than of Khulna.

  • (C) The roads of Dhaka are wider than those of Khulna.

  • (D) The roads of Dhaka is wider than those of Khulna.

  • Ans: (C)

6. Multiple Number Comparison

• half/twice/three times + as much/many + noun + as...

• Ex: This dictionary costs ____ the other one. [B:18-19]

  • (A) twice more than

  • (B) twice as much as

  • (C) three times as much

  • (D) twice as much

  • Ans: (B)

7. Exceptions

• Always Positive: Senior, junior, elder, minor, inferior, former, interior, ulterior, utter, superior (Latin comparatives generally take 'to' but function differently). Correction: The text lists these as words that look comparative but act as positive in general sense, or Latin comparatives taking 'to'.

• Always Superlative (No 'more/most'): Supreme, Almighty, Excellent, Absolute, Golden, Eternal, Perfect, Complete, Ideal, Chief, Universal, Unique.

• Ex: He is ____ judge. [KU, C:18-19]

  • (A) a most perfect

  • (B) a perfect

  • (C) absolutely a perfect

  • (D) such a perfect

  • Ans: (B)

TEST-1

01. There is plenty of food. You can have ______ you like.

• (A) as much as

• (B) many more

• (C) much

• (D) much more

Ans: (A) Explanation: 'Food' is uncountable, so "as much as" is used to indicate quantity.

02. The clearer your thought is, the ______ your writing becomes.

• (A) good

• (B) worse

• (C) better

• (D) purer

Ans: (C) Explanation: Double comparative structure: "The + comparative ..., the + comparative ...". Better is the comparative of good.

03. A seventeen year old is not ______ to vote in an election.

• (A) enough old

• (B) old enough

• (C) as old enough

• (D) old as enough

Ans: (B) Explanation: The word 'enough' is placed after the adjective/adverb it modifies (e.g., old enough).

04. ______ 1000 species of fish have been identified.

• (A) As many

• (B) As many as

• (C) As much as

• (D) Much as

Ans: (B) Explanation: "As many as" is used to emphasize a surprisingly large number of countable items (species).

05. The water of the Great Salt Lake is ______ sea water.

• (A) saltier than that of

• (B) as salty as that of

• (C) saltier than

• (D) so salty as

Ans: (A) Explanation: Logical comparison. We compare the water of the lake to that (the water) of the sea.

06. Mr. Hussain usually earns ______ his brother.

• (A) twice as much as

• (B) twice more than

• (C) twice as many as

• (D) twice as more as

Ans: (A) Explanation: Structure for multiple numbers: "Twice/Three times + as much as".

07. 'This is one of the easiest subjects.' Comparative form of this sentence is-.

• (A) Very few subjects are so easy as this.

• (B) This is easier than most other subjects.

• (C) This is more easier subject.

• (D) All of the above.

Ans: (B) Explanation: "One of the + superlative" changes to "Comparative + than most other" in comparative degree.

08. Select the correct option.

• (A) Your answers are better than Mr. Paper.

• (B) Your answers are better than Mr. Paper's.

• (C) Your answers are better than those of Mr. Paper.

• (D) Your answers are better than answered by Mr. Paper.

Ans: (C) (or B) Explanation: To make the comparison logical (answers to answers), we use "those of" or possessive "'s". Option (C) is the most formal standard.

09. This is the ______ version.

• (A) new

• (B) newer

• (C) latest

• (D) last

Ans: (C) Explanation: "Latest" means the most recent.

10. Jabed's luck couldn't have been ______ than Abed's.

• (A) worst

• (B) worse

• (C) worser

• (D) worsted

Ans: (B) Explanation: "Than" indicates a comparative degree is required. The comparative of 'bad' is 'worse'.

11. Flight nineteen from New York is now arriving at ______.

• (A) gate number two

• (B) the two gate

• (C) the gate two

• (D) second gate

Ans: (A) Explanation: "Gate number two" or "Gate Two" is the standard way to refer to a specific gate.

12. The richer he gets, ______

• (A) more friends he has

• (B) the more friends he has

• (C) more freiends has he

• (D) more and more friends he has

Ans: (B) Explanation: Double comparative structure: "The + comparative ..., the + comparative ...".

13. Complete the sentence - I took ______

• (A) three hours examinations

• (B) three hours examination

• (C) part in a three hour examination

• (D) three hour examinations.

Ans: (C) Explanation: "Three-hour" is a hyphenated adjective modifying 'examination' and does not take 's'. Also, the phrase "took part in" is contextually complete.

14. He acted ______ to win the competition.

• (A) well enough

• (B) enough well

• (C) good enough

• (D) enough good

Ans: (A) Explanation: 'Well' is the adverb modifying 'acted', and 'enough' comes after the adverb.

15. The more she worked, ______

• (A) she achieved much

• (B) the less she achieved

• (C) she achieved less

• (D) the much she achieved

Ans: (B) Explanation: Double comparative structure requires "the + comparative" in the second clause.

TEST-2

01. The word 'neutral' is-

• (A) an adverb

• (B) a noun

• (C) an adjective

• (D) a verb

Ans: (C) Explanation: Neutral (নিরপেক্ষ) describes a state or quality, functioning as an adjective.

02. His brother is ______ he looks.

• (A) younger than

• (B) young as

• (C) younger

• (D) very young

Ans: (A) Explanation: Comparison between reality and appearance requires the comparative form with "than".

03. That ______ temple was constructed by the Chinese.

• (A) eight-centuries-old

• (B) old-eight-centuries

• (C) eight-century's-old

• (D) eight-century-old

Ans: (D) Explanation: In a compound adjective before a noun, the noun part (century) remains singular.

04. It was ______ journey.

• (A) three hour

• (B) a three-hours

• (C) three-hour

• (D) a three-hour

Ans: (D) Explanation: "A three-hour journey" — 'three-hour' is a compound adjective modifying the singular noun 'journey'.

05. Which colour do you like best? Here, 'Which' is a/an

• (A) Interrogative pronoun

• (B) Interrogative adjective

• (C) Relative pronoun

• (D) Demonstrative pronoun

Ans: (B) Explanation: 'Which' modifies the noun 'colour' directly, making it an interrogative adjective.

06. Horror movies are frightening. Here, 'frightening' is a/an-

• (A) Verb

• (B) Adverb

• (C) Noun

• (D) Adjective

Ans: (D) Explanation: 'Frightening' describes the subject 'Horror movies', functioning as a predicative adjective.

07. The tiny print on the poster is ______ small to read easily.

• (A) so

• (B) much

• (C) very

• (D) too

Ans: (D) Explanation: The structure "too + adjective + to + verb" (too small to read) indicates a negative result.

08. What is the superlative degree of 'costly'?

• (A) costly

• (B) costliest

• (C) costlyest

• (D) most costly

Ans: (B) Explanation: Adjectives ending in 'y' typically change 'y' to 'i' and add 'est' (Costly -> Costlier -> Costliest).

09. The adjective form of 'gust' is-

• (A) gusting

• (B) gusted

• (C) gusty

• (D) gusted

Ans: (C) Explanation: Gusty (দমকা) is the adjective form of the noun Gust.

10. For better or ______, computer is a very important device.

• (A) good

• (B) sad

• (C) well

• (D) worse

Ans: (D) Explanation: The phrase is "for better or worse" (parallel comparative forms).

11. She spoke in a very loud voice. Here 'loud' is:

• (A) noun

• (B) adverb

• (C) adjective

• (D) pronoun

Ans: (C) Explanation: 'Loud' modifies the noun 'voice'.

12. What is all this noise? the underlined word is a/an-

• (A) adverb

• (B) adjective

• (C) noun

• (D) pronoun

Ans: (C) Explanation: 'Noise' is the name of a thing/sound, thus a noun.

13. Choose the grammatically incorrect sentence.

• (A) Afzal is my elder brother.

• (B) He is the eldest man of this village.

• (C) He is two years younger to me.

• (D) All of the above.

Ans: (C) Explanation: "Younger" is a regular comparative and takes "than", not "to". (Correct: He is two years younger than me). "Elder/Eldest" are correct in their contexts.