Transformation Practice - Compound to Complex / Transforming Compound to Complex Rules and Exercise

✅ Compound to Complex Sentence Transformation

🔹 Rule 1: Compound with "and" → Complex Using "Since", "As", or "When"

**A. When the first clause shows reason or cause:

Rule:Use “since” or “as” at the beginning of the first clause, followed by a comma and the second clause.

Explanation:The word “and” is removed and replaced with a cause connector like since/as to show why the second action happened.

Structure:Since / As + first clause, + second clause

Example:

• Compound: He walked fast and got the train.

• Complex: Since he walked fast, he got the train.

Additional Examples:

• Compound: She worked hard and passed the exam.

• Complex: Since she worked hard, she passed the exam.

• Compound: They saved money and bought a house.

• Complex: As they saved money, they bought a house.

• Compound: I took medicine and recovered quickly.

• Complex: Since I took medicine, I recovered quickly.

**B. When the first clause shows time:

Rule:Use “when” before the first clause to indicate time, and replace “and” with a comma.

Structure:When + first clause, + second clause

Example:

• Compound: The bell rang and the students entered the class.

• Complex: When the bell rang, the students entered the class.

Additional Examples:

• Compound: The sun set and the birds flew back to their nests.

• Complex: When the sun set, the birds flew back to their nests.

• Compound: She arrived and everyone stood up.

• Complex: When she arrived, everyone stood up.

• Compound: I reached the station and the train left.

• Complex: When I reached the station, the train left.

**C. When the first clause shows condition:

Rule:Use “if” at the beginning of the first clause, and replace “and” with a comma.

Structure:If + subject + verb (first clause), + second clause

Example:

• Compound: Read more and you will make a good result.

• Complex: If you read more, you will make a good result.

Additional Examples:

• Compound: Work sincerely and you will succeed.

• Complex: If you work sincerely, you will succeed.

• Compound: Practice regularly and you will improve.

• Complex: If you practice regularly, you will improve.

• Compound: Obey your parents and they will bless you.

• Complex: If you obey your parents, they will bless you.

🔹 Rule 2: Compound with "but" → Complex Using "Although" or "Though"

Rule:If two contrasting ideas are joined by “but”, use “though” or “although” before the first clause and replace “but” with a comma.

Structure:Although / Though + first clause, + second clause

Explanation:This shows contrast in a single sentence using a subordinating conjunction instead of the coordinating conjunction "but".

Example:

• Compound: He ran fast, but could not catch the train.

• Complex: Although he ran fast, he could not catch the train.

Additional Examples:

• Compound: She was tired, but continued working.

• Complex: Though she was tired, she continued working.

• Compound: It was raining, but they went out.

• Complex: Although it was raining, they went out.

• Compound: He is rich, but he lives simply.

• Complex: Though he is rich, he lives simply.

🔹 Rule 3: Compound with "or" → Complex Using "If...not"

Rule:If the sentence has “or”, start the complex sentence with “If you do not...” and replace “or” with a comma.

Structure:If + subject + do/does not + first action, + second clause

Explanation:This type of compound sentence presents a consequence that happens if the condition is not met.

Example:

• Compound: Work hard or you cannot prosper in life.

• Complex: If you do not work hard, you cannot prosper in life.

Additional Examples:

• Compound: Study attentively or you will fail.

• Complex: If you do not study attentively, you will fail.

• Compound: Be honest or nobody will trust you.

• Complex: If you are not honest, nobody will trust you.

• Compound: Save money or you will suffer later.

• Complex: If you do not save money, you will suffer later.

Compound to Complex

Turn the following compound sentences into complex.

1.       He wanted to survive and disguised himself as a poor traveller.

2.       One day he found me and acted crazy.

3.       Michael was a poor shepherd and lived in the Lake District of England.

4.       Morning walk costs us nothing but gives us much invaluable benefit.

5.    Read or you will fail.

6.    Its eyes are small but its ears look like fans.

7.    Though he was rich, he was a scholar.

8.    They are poor and so they cannot send their children to school.

9.       NawabFaizunnesa was a dedicated lady and established the school.

10.   Neela got into the lift and pressed the button B.

11.   They fade soon and lose their beauty.

12.   The dacoit sensed the presence of the neighbours and attempted to flee.

13.   She is polite and so she behaves well with all.

14.    Love is divine and so everybody wants it.

15.   Do or die.

16.    Walk fast or you can not get the train.

17.   Drive carefully or there may be accident.

18.    He worked hard but failed.

19.   It exists but it is difficult to explain.

20.    Spare the rod and spoil the child.

21.    Do as I suggest you or you will suffer.

22.    It disturbed me but I did not know the reason.

23.   Waste not, want not.

24.  Selim is a student of class X and reads in a Zilla school.

25.  Bangladesh is a test playing country but its standard is not high.

26.   In winter an ant remains idle but it works hard in spring.

27.   The huntsman took the child into the forest but he did not want to kill her.

28.  Honesty may not make one rich but it brings peace in mind.

29.  The heart is formed for love and cannot be happy without the opportunity of giving and receiving love.

Answer: 

A.   Compound to Complex

Turn the following compound sentences into complex.

1.       Since he wanted to survive he disguised himself as a poor traveller.

2.       One day when he found me he acted crazy.

3.       Michael who was a poor shepherd who lived in the lake District of England.

4.       Though morning walk costs us nothing it gives us much invaluable benefit.

5.    If you do not read, you will fail.

6.     Though its eyes are small, its ears look like fans.

7.     As they are poor , they cannot send their children to school.

8.       Since NewabFaizunnesa was a dedicated lady, she established the school.

9.       When Neela got into the lift , she pressed the button B.

10.   As they fade soon , they lose their beauty.

11.   As the dacoit sensed the presence of the neighbours , he attempted to flee.

12.   As she is polite , she behaves well with all.

13.   As love is divine, everybody wants it.

14.   If you do not do , you will die.

15.   If you do not walk fast , you cannot get the train.

16.   If you do not drive carefully, there may be accident.

17.   Though he worked hard, he failed.

18.   Though it exists , it is difficult to explain.

19.   If you spare the rod, you will spoil the child.

20.   If you do not do as I suggest you, you will suffer.

21.   Though it disturbed me , I did not know the reason.

22.   If you do not waste , you will not have any want.

23.   Selim,who is a student of class X reads  in a Zilla school.

24.   Though Bangladesh is a test playing country, its standard is not high.

25.   Though an ant remains idle in winter, it works hard in spring.

26.   Though the huntsman took the child into the forest, he did not want to kill her.

27.   If you do not do according to my suggestion, you will suffer. 

28.   Though it disturbed me , I did not know the reason.

29.  Selim, who is a student of class X reads in a Zilla school.

30.  Though Bangladesh is a test playing country , its standard is not high.

31.   Though honesty may not make one rich, it brings peace in mind

32.  The heart, which formed for love cannot be happy without the opportunity of giving and receiving love.

33.  As it was evening , the shops were dazzling with bright lights.

34.   Though he could build luxurious palaces, he did not do so.

35.   Since our family was small, we live in a tiny apartment.

36.   Although they work from morning till evening, they cannot improve their condition.