1. Read the following text and answer the questions A & B.
The term 'diaspora' is used to refer to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of the world, either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The word is increasingly used for such people as a collective group and /or a community. The world has seen many diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only in recent decades.
Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in ancient times. The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian subcontinent thousands of years ago is also a noteworthy diaspora, although the causes of this diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas in Africa, too, over the centuries, either because of war or because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the phenomenon of diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.
A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1×5 = 5
(a) The scholars have been observing the diaspora in .
(i) recent-decades (ii) 50 years ago (iii) coming decades (iv) modern age
(b) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word phenomenon in line-4?
(i) philosophy (ii) result (iii) characteristics (iv) permanent
(c) What is the synonym of the "ravage"?
(i) create (ii) make (iiii) destroy (iv) dimension
(d) The Jewish settle to .
(i) Africa (ii) Indian subcontinent (iii) Palestinians (iv) Europe
(e) What is the antonym of the world "massive"?
(i) immense (b) enormous (iii) basis (iv) tiny
B. Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10
(i) What do you mean by diaspora?
(ii) What are some of the major diasporas of the past?
(iii) Why had Palestinians left their ancestral homeland?
(iv) Who are the diasporas in the Indian subcontinent?
(v) What has globalization to do with diaspora?
Answers
1. A. Multiple choice
(a) ⇒ (i) recent decades; (b) ⇒ (iii) characteristics; (c) ⇒ (iii) destroy; (d) ⇒ (i) Africa; (e) ⇒
(iv) tiny.
B. Open-ended
(i) Diaspora means a group of people who have abandoned their homelands and settled in other parts of the world, either because of their being forced to do so or because of their own will.
(ii) Some of the major diasporas, according to the text, are Jews people, the Aryans, the Africans and the Palestinians.
(iii) The Palestinians having attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders had left their ancestral homeland because of their untold plight.
(iv) The Aryans moving from Central Europe are the diasporas in the Indian sub-continent.
(v) Globalization can play a vital role in drawing so much attention of world people to the phenomenon of diaspora.
Bangla Translation
'ডায়াস্পোরা' শব্দটি এমন লোকদের বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হয় যারা তাদের জন্মভূমি ছেড়ে বিশ্বের অন্যান্য অংশে বসতি স্থাপন করেছে, হয় তাদের বাধ্য করা হয়েছিল অথবা তারা নিজেরাই চলে যেতে চেয়েছিল। এই শব্দটি ক্রমবর্ধমানভাবে একটি সম্মিলিত গোষ্ঠী এবং/অথবা একটি সম্প্রদায় হিসাবে এই ধরণের লোকদের জন্য ব্যবহৃত হচ্ছে। বিশ্ব অনেক ডায়াস্পোরা দেখেছে কিন্তু পণ্ডিতরা সাম্প্রতিক দশকগুলিতেই এই ঘটনাটি অত্যন্ত আগ্রহের সাথে অধ্যয়ন করছেন। ইতিহাসের মহান ডায়াস্পোরার মধ্যে রয়েছে ইহুদি জনগণ, যারা প্রাচীনকালে তাদের ভূমি ছেড়ে যেতে বাধ্য হয়েছিল। হাজার হাজার বছর আগে মধ্য ইউরোপ থেকে ভারতীয় উপমহাদেশে আর্যদের চলাচলও একটি উল্লেখযোগ্য ডায়াস্পোরা, যদিও এই ডায়াস্পোরার কারণগুলি অস্পষ্ট। বিংশ শতাব্দীর ইতিহাসে, ফিলিস্তিনি ডায়াস্পোরা অনেক মনোযোগ আকর্ষণ করেছে এবং ফিলিস্তিনিদের দুর্দশার কারণে বিশ্ব নেতাদের জন্য উদ্বেগের কারণ হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে। আফ্রিকাতেও শতাব্দীর পর শতাব্দী ধরে বিশাল ডায়াস্পোরা রয়েছে, হয় যুদ্ধের কারণে অথবা প্রকৃতির ধ্বংসযজ্ঞের কারণে। কিন্তু ডায়াস্পোরার ঘটনাটি এখন এত মনোযোগ আকর্ষণ করার প্রধান কারণ হল বিশ্বায়ন।
Passage-2
1. Read the passage and answer the questions A and B:
The term "diaspora" is used to refer to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of the world either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The word is increasingly used for such people as a collective group and/or a community. The world has seen many diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only in recent decades. Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in ancient times.
The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian sub-continent thousands of years ago is also a noteworthy diaspora, although the causes of this diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas in Africa, too, over the centuries, either because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the phenomenon of diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.
[Unit-11, Lesson-1, Page-132]
A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives: 1×5=5
(a) The word 'decade' refers to —
(i) thirty years (ii) fifty years
(iii) ten years (iv) five years
(b) What does 'diaspora' mean?
(i) people live their own country.
(ii) people go abroad.
(iii) people work in other countries.
(iv) people leave their own countries and settle in other parts of the world.
(c) The synonym of 'noteworthy' is —
(i) insignificant (ii) noticeable
(iii) invaluable (iv) appreciable
(d) The Aryans came to the Indian Sub Continent from —
(i) America (ii) Africa
(iii) Central Europe (iv) Europe
(e) In Africa there have been —
(i) massive diasporas (ii) a little diasporas
(iii) no diasporas (iv) very little diasporas
Answer to the question No. 1.A
(a) iii. ten years; (b) iv. people leave their own countries and settle in other parts of the world; (c) ii. noticeable; (d) iii. central Europe; (e) i. massive diasporas.
B. Answer the following questions: 2×5=10
(i) Why do people leave their own countries?
(ii) Do you think that there have been massive diasporas in Africa?
(iii) Why is diaspora attracting so much attention?
(iv) How do the twentieth century Palestinian diasporas draw the attention of the world leaders?
(v) Why have the scholars been studying about the diasporas with great interest?
Answer to the question No. 1.B
i) People leave their own countries as they are sometimes forced to do so or they wanted to leave their own.
ii) Yes, I do think that there are massive diasporas in Africa. Africa suffers from different natural disasters which forces people to move from their own country to other countries.
iii) Though the world has seen many diasporas, scholars have been studying the phenomenon of diasporas in recent years. They are interested in diasporas because of globalisation.
iv) The Palestinian diasporas have caught the attention of the world leaders as they had to suffer a lot to leave their country and settle in other places. Their plight and sufferings have caused great concern among the world leaders.
v) Though the causes of diaspora are quite unclear, scholars have been studying the phenomenon of diasporas in recent years to know the causes behind people's movement from their own country to another country, the plight of the diasporic people, etc.
Passage-3
1. Read the passage and answer the questions A and B.
The term 'diaspora' is used to refer to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of the world, either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The word is increasingly used for such people as a collective group and/ or a community. The world has seen many diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only in recent decades.
Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in ancient times. The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian sub-continent thousands of years ago is also a noteworthy diaspora, although the causes of this diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas in Africa, too, over the centuries, either because of war or because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the phenomenon of diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.
বাংলা অনুবাদঃ
‘ডায়াসপোরা’ (অভিবাসী) শব্দটি বলতে বুঝায় ঐ সমস্ত লোককে যারা তাদের মাতৃভূমি ত্যাগ করেছে এবং পৃথিবীর অন্য কোথাও বসতি স্থাপন করেছে, হয় তারা বাধ্য হয়েছে তা করতে অথবা স্বেচ্ছায় চলে গিয়েছে। এ শব্দটি ক্রমবর্ধমানভাবে এসব লোকের সমষ্টিকে অথবা একটি সম্প্রদায়কে বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হচ্ছে। বিশ্ব অনেক অভিবাসীদেরকে দেখেছে কিন্তু বিদ্যানুরাগীরা সাম্প্রতিক দশকগুলোতে এই বিষয়টিতে প্রচণ্ড আগ্রহ সহকারে অধ্যয়ন করছে।
ইতিহাসের বড় অভিবাসনের ঘটনাসমূহের মধ্যে ইহুদি জনগোষ্ঠিই সবচেয়ে বড় যারা অতি প্রাচীনকালে তাদের নিজ ভূমি ছাড়তে বাধ্য হয়েছিল। মধ্য ইউরোপ থেকে হাজার হাজার বছর পূর্বে আর্যদের ভারতীয় উপমহাদেশে আগমন একটি উল্লেখযোগ্য অভিবাসন, যদিও এই অভিবাসনের কারণ অজ্ঞাত। বিংশ শতাব্দীতে, প্যালেস্টাইনিদের অভিবাসন অনেকের নজর কেড়েছে এবং প্যালেস্টাইনিদের দুঃখ দুর্দশা বিশ্ব নেতাদের উদ্বেগের কারণ হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে। শতাব্দীর পর শতাব্দী আফ্রিকাতেও ব্যাপক অভিবাসন হয়েছে, হয়তো যুদ্ধের কারণে নয়তো প্রকৃতির নিষ্ঠুরতায়। কিন্তু বর্তমানে অভিবাসন বিষয়টি বেশি আকর্ষণীয় হওয়ার মূল কারণ হচ্ছে বিশ্বায়ন।
A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1☓5 = 5
(a) What does the word 'force' refer to?
(i) yield (ii) compel (iii) separate (iv) wonder
(b) The synonym of 'noteworthy' is —. [CtgB '17]
(i) insignificant (ii) noticeable (iii) invaluable (iv) appricable
(c) What is the closest meaning of the word 'concern'?
(i) mention (ii) tiny (iii) trivial (iv) interest
(d) The word 'attract' refers to —.
(i) discourage (ii) give up (iii) wonder (iv) invite
(e) The Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention in the —.
(i) eighteenth century (ii) nineteenth century
(iii) twentieth century (iv) twenty first century
(f) What does the word 'settle' in the passage refer to?
(i) solve (ii) establish (iii) reconcile (iv) reside
(g) The word 'diaspora' is increasingly used for —.
(i) people as a collective group (ii) people as a community
(iii) People as a collective group and a community
(iv) People as a collective group and/ or a community
(h) What is the synonym of 'homeland'?
(i) birthplace (ii) abode (iii) living place (iv) motherland
(i) The word 'decade' refers to —. [CtgB '17]
(i) thirty years (ii) fifty years (iii) ten years (iv) five years
(j) — are among the great diasporas of history.
(i) the Aryans from Central Europe (ii) the Aryans of Indian Sub-continent
(iii) the Jewish people (iv) the Palestinians
(k) The Aryans came to the Indian Sub Continent from —. [CtgB '17]
(i) America (ii) Africa (iii) Central Europe (iv) Europe
(l) What is the closest meaning of the word 'massive'?
(i) great (ii) extensive (iii) slight (iv) solid
(m) What does the phrase 'a cause of concern' mean?
(i) an object of apprehension (ii) a reason of worry
(iii) a reason of anxiety (iv) a basis of interest
(n) In Africa there have been —. [CtgB '17]
(i) massive diasporas (ii) a little diasporas (iii) no diasporas (iv) very little diasporas
(o) What is the closest meaning of the word 'ravages'?
(i) plunder (ii) ruinations (iii) ransack (iv) loots
(p) The phrase 'in ancient times' refers to —.
(i) original (ii) primeval (iii) out of date (iv) modern
(q) The word 'globalization' means —.
(i) connecting different cultures and economic systems of the world
(ii) worldwide (iii) internationality (iv) universality
(r) What is the closest meaning of 'recent'?
(i) new (ii) old (iii) fresh (iv) current
(s) What does 'diaspora' mean? [CtgB '17]
(i) people live their own country (ii) people go abroad
(iii) people work in other countries
(iv) people live their own countries and settle in other parts of the world
(t) The word 'community' means —.
(i) neighbourhood (ii) fact (iii) huge (iv) destroy
(u) Which of the following has the closest meaning of the word phenomenon in line-4?
(i) philosophy (ii) result (iii) characteristics (iv) permanent
(v) Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people— what does it imply?
(i) they left their country willingly to settle elsewhere
(ii) they were compelled to leave their country and settle elsewhere
(iii) they were compelled to leave their lands in ancient times to settle elsewhere
(iv) none of the above statements
(w) What does the phrase 'a lot of' mean?
(i) some (ii) little (iii) a great amount (iv) not too much
Answer (A):
(a) (ii) compel (b) (ii) noticeable (c) (iv) interest (d) (iv) invite (e) (iii) twentieth century (f) (iv) reside (g) (iv) people as a collective group and/ or a community (h) (i) birthplace (i) (iii) ten years (j) (iii) The Jewish people (k) (iii) Centra Europe (l) (ii) extensive (m) (iii) a reason of anxiety (n) (i) massive diasporas (o) (ii) ruinations (p) (ii) primeval (q) (i) connecting different cultures and economic systems of the world (r) (iv) current (s) (iv) people leave their own countries and settle in other parts of the world (t) (i) neighbourhood (u) (iii) characteristics (v) (iii) they were compelled to leave their lands in ancient times to settle elsewhere (w) (iii) a great amount
B. Answer the following questions. 2☓5 = 10
(a) Who are called 'diaspora'?
(b) Why do people leave their own countries? [CtgB '17]
(c) Do you think that there have been massive diasporas in Africa? [CtgB '17]
(d) Why did the Jewish people leave their homeland?
(e) How do the twentieth century Palestinian diasporas draw the attention of the world leaders? [CtgB '17]
(f) Where did the Aryans live? When and where did they move as diaspora?
(g) When did the plight of the Palestinians attract the attention of world leaders?
(h) Why is diaspora attracting so much attention? [CtgB '17]
(i) What are the reasons of massive diaspora in Africa?
(j) What does 'diaspora' mean?
(k) Why would a group of people want to leave their country?
(l) When have the scholars seen many diasporas?
(m) When did the Jewish people leave their homeland?
(n) Why did the Aryans diaspora take place?
(o) What is the great diaspora of history?
Answer (B):
(a) The people who leave their homeland and settle in other parts of the world are called diaspora.
(b) Sometimes people are forced to leave their own country and sometimes they leave willingly.
(c) Yes, I think that there have been massive diasporas in Africa and it was happened because of war or because of the ravages of nature.
(d) The Jewish people left their homeland because they were forced to do so.
(e) The plight of Palestinians of twentieth century has become a great concern for world leaders. So, the twentieth century Palestinian diasporas draw the attention of the world leaders.
(f) The Aryans lived in Central Europe. They moved to the Indian sub-continent as a noteworthy diaspora thousands of years ago.
(g) The plight of the Palestinians attracted the attention and was a cause of concern for world leaders in the 20th century.
(h) Diaspora is attracting so much attention throughout the world because of globalization.
(i) The reasons of massive diaspora in Africa over the centuries are either because of war or of the ravages of nature.
(j) The term 'Diaspora' refers to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of the world.
(k) A group of people would want to leave their country as they were forced to do so. Sometimes they left their homeland willingly. Sometimes, it is also caused by the ravages of nature.
(l) The scholars have seen many diasporas in recent decades.
(m) The Jewish people left their lands in ancient times.
(n) The reason for the Aryans' diaspora is unclear to all.
(o) The great diaspora of history is that of the Jewish people. They were forced to leave their land in ancient times.
40 vocabulary words from the passage with their Bangla translations:
Diaspora – প্রবাসী সম্প্রদায়
Homeland – মাতৃভূমি
Settled – বসতি স্থাপন করা
Forced – বাধ্য
Community – সম্প্রদায়
Phenomenon – ঘটনা
Noteworthy – উল্লেখযোগ্য
Plight – দুর্দশা
Ravages – ধ্বংসযজ্ঞ
Globalization – বিশ্বায়ন
World – পৃথিবী
History – ইতিহাস
Attention – মনোযোগ
Interest – আগ্রহ
Great – মহৎ
People – মানুষ
Leave – ছেড়ে যাওয়া
Cause – কারণ
Interest – আগ্রহ
Study – অধ্যয়ন
Movement – আন্দোলন
Ancient – প্রাচীন
Aryans – আর্যরা
Unclear – অস্পষ্ট
Twentieth century – বিংশ শতাব্দী
Attracted – আকৃষ্ট
Cause of concern – উদ্বেগের কারণ
World leaders – বিশ্বের নেতা
Massive – ব্যাপক
War – যুদ্ধ
Nature – প্রকৃতি
Chief – প্রধান
Attention – মনোযোগ
Now – এখন
Reason – কারণ
Attention – মনোযোগ
For – জন্য
Great interest – বড় আগ্রহ
Causes – কারণ
World – বিশ্ব
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