Cambridge IELTS 21 Academic Writing Test -3, Tasks- 1& 2 Question with Answer / Cambridge IELTS Book-21 Academic Writing Test -3, Task- 1& 2 / IELTS Cambridge Book-21 Test 3 Writing Tests' Answer

Cambridge IELTS 21 Writing (Academic Task-1 &2 ) Test- 3

TASK 1: 

The diagram below shows how one type of desert, known as a rain-shadow desert, is formed.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Answer: Band 6 (Competent User)

Question: The diagram illustrates the stages involved in the formation of rain-shadow deserts. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The diagram shows how a rain-shadow desert is formed through a series of natural steps.

Overall, the process includes several stages, starting with winds blowing from the ocean and ending with the creation of a dry desert on the opposite side of a mountain.

First, warm and moist winds from the sea blow towards the coastal land. When this air reaches the mountain, it is forced to go up on the windward side. As the moist air rises, it cools down and forms clouds. After that, heavy rain falls on this side of the mountain, leaving the air without moisture.

Following this, the dry air continues its journey over the top of the mountain and goes down the leeward side. Finally, this dry wind blows across the inland area. Because there is no rain or moisture left, a rain-shadow desert is created, which covers a total distance of thousands of kilometers.

Answer: Band 7 (Good User)

Question: The diagram illustrates the stages involved in the formation of rain-shadow deserts. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The provided diagram illustrates the various stages involved in the geographical formation of a rain-shadow desert.

Overall, it is a multi-stage natural process primarily driven by oceanic winds. It begins with moisture being pushed up a mountain to form rain on the windward side, and concludes with the descent of dry air on the leeward side, which ultimately creates an arid inland environment.

In the initial stages of the process, moist winds blow from the sea and approach the coastal area. Upon reaching the mountain, this air is forced to rise upward along the windward slope. As the air moves higher, its temperature drops, causing the moisture to condense into clouds. Consequently, precipitation occurs, and rain falls heavily on this side of the mountain.

After the moisture has been released, the remaining air becomes completely dry. This dry wind continues its movement over the mountain peak and begins to descend along the leeward side. Finally, the winds sweep across the inland regions. Over a vast distance of thousands of kilometers, this lack of moisture results in the creation of a barren rain-shadow desert.

Answer: Band 8 (Very Good User)

Question: The diagram illustrates the stages involved in the formation of rain-shadow deserts. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The diagram delineates the geographical and meteorological processes responsible for the formation of a rain-shadow desert.

Overall, the formation is a sequential natural phenomenon heavily dependent on the topography of a region. The process involves the ascent of moisture-laden oceanic winds that precipitate on the windward side of a mountain range, subsequently leaving arid, descending winds to dry out the leeward inland area, thereby forming a desert.

The sequence initiates when prevailing winds carry moist air from the sea toward the coastline. As this air encounters the physical barrier of the mountain, it is propelled upward along the windward slope. During this ascent, the air cools significantly, leading to condensation. This meteorological shift results in the formation of heavy clouds and subsequent rainfall, meaning the windward side receives the vast majority of the precipitation.

Having deposited its moisture, the air current progresses over the mountain peak and transitions into a completely dry wind. As it descends the leeward slope, it warms and absorbs any remaining moisture from the surrounding environment. This exceptionally dry air then sweeps across the inland plains. Spanning a vast distance of thousands of kilometers, this continuous flow of arid wind ultimately culminates in the creation of a barren rain-shadow desert.

Vocabulary List

Word / Vocabulary	Meaning in Context	Bangla Meaning (বাংলা অর্থ)
Illustrate	To show or explain something using pictures or diagrams.	চিত্রিত করা / ব্যাখ্যা করা
Formation	The process of creating or developing something.	গঠন / সৃষ্টি
Rain-shadow	A dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area.	বৃষ্টিচ্ছায়
Desert	A dry, barren area of land, especially one covered with sand.	মরুভূমি
Process	A series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular end.	প্রক্রিয়া
Sequence	A particular order in which related events follow each other.	পর্যায়ক্রম / ধারা
Moisture	Water or other liquid diffused in a small quantity as vapor.	আর্দ্রতা / জলীয় বাষ্প
Windward	The side or direction from which the wind is blowing.	বাতাসের দিকের (পাহাড়ের যে পাশে বাতাস বয়)
Leeward	The side sheltered or away from the wind.	বাতাসের বিপরীত দিকের / অনুবাত
Initial	Existing or occurring at the beginning.	প্রাথমিক
Approach	Come near or nearer to someone or something in distance.	অগ্রসর হওয়া / কাছে আসা
Condense	Change or cause to change from a gas or vapor to a liquid.	ঘনীভূত হওয়া
Precipitation	Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground.	অধঃক্ষেপণ / বৃষ্টিপাত
Descend	Move or fall downward.	নিচে নামা / অবরোহণ করা
Arid	Having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation.	শুষ্ক
Evaporation	The process of turning from liquid into vapor.	বাষ্পীভবন
Conclude	Bring to an end; finish.	সমাপ্ত হওয়া
Consequently	As a result.	ফলস্বরূপ
Barren	Too poor to produce much or any vegetation.	অনুর্বর / নিষ্ফলা
Delineate	Describe or portray something precisely.	বর্ণনা করা / স্পষ্টভাবে চিত্রিত করা
Geographical	Relating to the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere.	ভৌগলিক
Meteorological	Relating to the branch of science concerned with the processes and phenomena of the atmosphere.	আবহাওয়া সংক্রান্ত
Sequential	Forming or following in a logical order or sequence.	ধারাবাহিক
Phenomenon	A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen.	ঘটনা / প্রপঞ্চ
Topography	The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area.	ভূসংস্থান / ভূপ্রকৃতি
Ascent	A climb or walk to the summit of a mountain or hill.	আরোহণ / উর্ধ্বগমন
Moisture-laden	Heavily loaded or weighed down with moisture.	আর্দ্রতাপূর্ণ / জলীয়বাষ্পপূর্ণ
Precipitate	To cause water vapor to condense and fall as rain or snow.	বৃষ্টিপাত ঘটা
Subsequently	After a particular thing has happened; afterward.	পরবর্তীতে
Scorch	To dry out completely by heat or dry wind.	ঝলসে দেওয়া / শুষ্ক করা
Initiate	Cause a process or action to begin.	শুরু করা
Prevailing	Existing at a particular time; current.	প্রচলিত / বহমান
Coastline	The outline of a coast, especially with regard to its shape and appearance.	উপকূলরেখা
Encounter	Unexpectedly experience or be faced with something.	সম্মুখীন হওয়া
Barrier	A fence or other obstacle that prevents movement or access.	বাধা / প্রতিবন্ধক
Propel	Drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction.	চালিত করা / সামনের দিকে ঠেলা
Shift	A slight change in position, direction, or tendency.	পরিবর্তন / স্থানান্তর
Deposit	To put or leave something in a particular place (e.g., dropping rain).	জমা করা / রেখে যাওয়া
Current	A body of water or air moving in a definite direction.	প্রবাহ
Transition	The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.	রূপান্তর / পরিবর্তন
Absorb	Take in or soak up energy, or a liquid or other substance.	শোষণ করা
Exceptionally	To a greater degree than normal; unusually.	অস্বাভাবিকভাবে / ব্যাপকভাবে
Spanning	Extending across a period of time or a range of space.	বিস্তৃত হওয়া
Vast	Of very great extent or quantity; immense.	বিশাল / বিস্তীর্ণ
Continuous	Forming an unbroken whole; without interruption.	একটানা / অবিচ্ছিন্ন
Culminate	Reach a climax or point of highest development.	চূড়ান্ত পরিণতি লাভ করা
Inland	Situated in the interior of a country rather than on the coast.	দেশের অভ্যন্তরভাগ
Sweep	Move swiftly and smoothly.	প্রবাহিত হওয়া / বয়ে যাওয়া
Region	An area or division, especially part of a country or the world.	অঞ্চল
Environment	The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives.	পরিবেশ
Flow	The action or fact of moving along in a steady, continuous stream.	প্রবাহ
Journey	An act of traveling from one place to another.	যাত্রা / ভ্রমণ
Peak	The pointed top of a mountain.	চূড়া / শীর্ষ
Heavy	Of great density, thickness, or force (e.g., heavy rain).	ভারী / তীব্র
Natural	Existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.	প্রাকৃতিক

TASK 2:

All university undergraduate courses should include a period of time spent studying abroad or doing a work placement. Do you think the advantages of this would outweigh the disadvantages? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Answer: Band 6 (Competent User)

Question: Some people believe that all undergraduate courses should include a period of time spent studying abroad or doing a work placement. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

As the number of university students continues to grow, educational institutions are trying to make the learning process as effective as possible. One popular idea is that all undergraduate programs should include a period of studying in a foreign country or completing a work placement. I strongly agree that these experiences offer huge benefits, even though they can be expensive.

On the one hand, spending time abroad provides students with amazing opportunities. Firstly, it allows them to compare different education systems and learn new ways of thinking. When young people study in a completely new environment, they can practice their skills and discover new career paths. In addition to this, living in a different country brings great cultural enrichment, which helps students become more open-minded.

On the other hand, doing a work placement is equally important because theory and practice are often very different. Having the chance to work in a real company helps students see if a job truly suits them. Sometimes, a profession looks wonderful in movies or books, but the reality is quite difficult. By doing an internship, students can avoid spending their whole lives in a career they do not actually enjoy.

However, there is a clear drawback to this idea. Providing study abroad programs or work placements for all students requires a lot of money, and many developing countries cannot afford this yet.

In conclusion, although the financial cost is a challenge for some nations, the advantages of studying abroad and doing practical work are too important to ignore. Investing in these programs means investing in the future of our youth.

Answer: Band 7 (Good User)

Question: Some people believe that all undergraduate courses should include a period of time spent studying abroad or doing a work placement. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In recent years, universities have been seeking ways to maximize the efficiency and outcome of higher education. A prominent suggestion is the mandatory inclusion of a study abroad period or a professional work placement in all undergraduate courses. I largely agree with this proposal, as the practical and cultural benefits significantly outweigh the logistical challenges.

To begin with, international exposure provides profound advantages for university students. By studying abroad, undergraduates are placed in an unfamiliar academic environment that forces them to adapt and compare different educational methodologies. This immersion not only polishes their existing skills but also broadens their career horizons. Furthermore, living in a foreign culture fosters personal growth, independence, and cross-cultural understanding, which are highly valued in today's globalized job market.

Similarly, integrating a work placement into the curriculum bridges the significant gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. It is a common reality that learning about a profession in a classroom is vastly different from experiencing it firsthand. Internships allow students to test their suitability for a specific role, dispelling the often romanticized versions of jobs depicted in media. Consequently, this hands-on experience prevents graduates from committing to a career path they might ultimately find unfulfilling.

Admittedly, making such programs compulsory across all universities presents economic difficulties. While developed nations possess the financial infrastructure to support these initiatives, developing countries often lack the necessary funding.

In conclusion, despite the financial constraints that some educational systems might face, incorporating international studies and work placements into university degrees is highly beneficial. Such initiatives represent a vital investment in human capital and the future workforce.

Answer: Band 8 (Very Good User)

Question: Some people believe that all undergraduate courses should include a period of time spent studying abroad or doing a work placement. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

As higher education becomes increasingly accessible, academic institutions are continuously striving to optimize pedagogical outcomes. One compelling initiative is the integration of either an international study period or a professional internship into all undergraduate curricula. I wholeheartedly agree with this proposition, as it equips students with indispensable practical skills and global perspectives, despite the inherent financial hurdles.

The overarching benefit of studying abroad lies in its capacity to cultivate adaptability and cultural intelligence. When undergraduates navigate foreign academic environments, they are challenged to evaluate contrasting educational paradigms. This immersive experience not only refines their academic competencies but also exposes them to diverse worldviews. Such cultural and intellectual enrichment is invaluable in cultivating globally minded citizens who can easily integrate into multinational workforces upon graduation.

Equally critical is the implementation of work placements, which effectively reconcile academic theory with real-world practice. The transition from the classroom to the corporate sphere can be jarring, as academic portrayals of professions often omit the nuanced realities of daily operations. Mandatory internships grant students a pragmatic preview of their chosen fields, allowing them to gauge their true aptitude for a role. This preemptive exposure is crucial in mitigating career dissatisfaction, ensuring that young professionals do not dedicate their lives to vocations they find inherently unsuitable.

Nevertheless, the universal application of this policy encounters a substantial obstacle: economic feasibility. Mandating overseas studies or comprehensive internship programs requires significant capital, a luxury that developing nations may currently find unattainable.

In conclusion, while economic disparities may temporarily constrain the universal adoption of such programs, the pedagogical and professional dividends are undeniable. Fusing theoretical education with global exposure and practical application is a paramount investment in shaping a competent, adaptable future generation.

Vocabulary

Word / Vocabulary	Meaning in Context	Bangla Meaning (বাংলা অর্থ)
Institution	An organization founded for an educational purpose.	প্রতিষ্ঠান
Undergraduate	A university student who has not yet taken a first degree.	স্নাতক স্তরের ছাত্র/ছাত্রী
Enrichment	The act of improving the quality or value of something.	সমৃদ্ধকরণ
Internship	A period of work experience offered by an organization.	শিক্ষানবিশি / ইন্টার্নশিপ
Drawback	A feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage.	অসুবিধা / ত্রুটি
Financial	Pertaining to money and how it is managed.	আর্থিক
Maximize	Make as large or great as possible.	সর্বোচ্চ করা
Mandatory	Required by law or rules; compulsory.	বাধ্যতামূলক
Logistical	Relating to the detailed organization and implementation of a plan.	কার্যপ্রণালী সংক্রান্ত
Profound	Very great or intense.	গভীর / অত্যন্ত তাৎপর্যপূর্ণ
Exposure	The state of being introduced to or experiencing new things.	পরিচিতি / অভিজ্ঞতা লাভ
Methodologies	A system of methods used in a particular area of study.	পদ্ধতিসমূহ
Immersion	Deep mental involvement in a subject or foreign environment.	নিমজ্জন / গভীরভাবে যুক্ত হওয়া
Horizons	The limit of a person's knowledge, experience, or interest.	দিগন্ত (জ্ঞানের বা চিন্তার)
Fosters	Encourage the development of something.	লালন করা / উৎসাহিত করা
Globalized	Developed so as to make international influence or operation possible.	বিশ্বায়িত
Integrating	Combine (one thing) with another to form a whole.	একীভূত করা / সমন্বয় করা
Curriculum	The subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college.	শিক্ষাক্রম / পাঠ্যসূচি
Theoretical	Concerned with the ideas of a subject rather than its practical application.	তাত্ত্বিক
Application	The action of putting something into operation.	প্রয়োগ
Suitability	The quality of being right or appropriate for a particular person or purpose.	উপযুক্ততা
Dispelling	Make a doubt, feeling, or belief disappear.	দূর করা (সন্দেহ বা ভ্রান্তি)
Romanticized	Described in an idealized or unrealistic fashion.	কল্পনাবিলাসী / অবাস্তবভাবে সুন্দর করে তোলা
Compulsory	Required by a law or a rule; obligatory.	বাধ্যতামূলক
Infrastructure	The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities.	অবকাঠামো
Constraints	A limitation or restriction.	সীমাবদ্ধতা
Accessible	Able to be reached, entered, or obtained easily.	প্রবেশযোগ্য / সহজলভ্য
Optimize	Make the best or most effective use of a situation or resource.	কাম্যতম করা / সবচেয়ে ভালোভাবে কাজে লাগানো
Pedagogical	Relating to teaching or education.	শিক্ষাবিষয়ক / শিক্ষাদান সংক্রান্ত
Outcomes	The way a thing turns out; a consequence.	ফলাফল
Compelling	Evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way.	আকর্ষক / বাধ্যতামূলক
Indispensable	Absolutely necessary.	অপরিহার্য
Perspectives	A particular attitude towards or way of regarding something; a point of view.	দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি
Inherent	Existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.	সহজাত / অন্তর্নিহিত
Hurdles	A problem or difficulty that must be overcome.	বাধা
Overarching	Comprehensive or all-embracing.	সামগ্রিক / সর্বব্যাপী
Cultivate	Try to acquire or develop a quality or skill.	কর্ষণ করা / গড়ে তোলা
Paradigms	A typical example or pattern of something; a model.	দৃষ্টান্ত / আদর্শ মডেল
Refines	Improve something by making small changes.	পরিশীলিত করা / উন্নত করা
Competencies	The ability to do something successfully or efficiently.	দক্ষতা
Multinational	Involving several countries or individuals of several nationalities.	বহুজাতিক
Implementation	The process of putting a decision or plan into effect.	বাস্তবায়ন
Reconcile	Make one account or concept consistent with another.	সামঞ্জস্য বিধান করা / মিটমাট করা
Jarring	Incongruous in a striking or shocking way; clashing.	বেমানান / ধাক্কা লাগার মতো
Portrayals	A depiction of someone or something in a work of art or literature.	চিত্রায়ন
Nuanced	Characterized by subtle shades of meaning or expression.	সূক্ষ্ম পার্থক্যযুক্ত
Pragmatic	Dealing with things sensibly and realistically.	বাস্তবসম্মত
Aptitude	A natural ability to do something.	স্বাভাবিক প্রবণতা / যোগ্যতা
Preemptive	Serving or intended to preempt or forestall something.	আগাম / পূর্বনির্ধারিত
Mitigating	Make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful.	প্রশমন করা / কমানো
Vocations	A strong feeling of suitability for a particular career or occupation.	পেশা / বৃত্তি
Feasibility	The state or degree of being easily or conveniently done.	সম্ভাব্যতা / বাস্তবতা
Capital	Wealth in the form of money or other assets.	মূলধন
Unattainable	Not able to be reached or achieved.	অর্জন অযোগ্য / নাগালের বাইরে
Dividends	A benefit from an action or policy.	লভ্যাংশ / সুফল