COMPOSITIONS FOR JSC, SSC, HSC & OTHER EXAMINATIONS (W)

The Impact of Western Culture Kipling once stated, “East is East and West is West and never shall the twin meet.” He was right. There are some fine points of difference between the Eastern and the Western cultures. Both have their shortcomings and advantages. The Western Culture is individual oriented. The needs, rights and privileges of the individual are of utmost significance. Man has learned to master the forces of nature under Western cultural influence. Western culture is materialistic. It is not satisfied with whatever has been gained by the individual. There is always lust for more and more. The mind therefore, remains unstable and shaken. The Western influences make the person more logical, calculative and rational. He forgets the taboos and useless preconceived notions which are normally associated with Eastern culture. Let us take an example. In the Eastern societies, dating would mean that a boy and a girl would meet each other and would try to understand each other. They would remain friends without any physical interaction. They would meet most probably to plan their life together but that may not always be necessary. However, in Western parlance, dating would mean that a boy and a girl share physical intimacy. They would remain husband and wife without marriage. After some time, they could part company and could find a new friend for each other. This attitude towards love, sex and marriage is not acceptable in Eastern culture. In the recent times there have been certain incidences which are scars on our cultural harmony and communal homogeneity. Our young generations are being influenced greatly by western cultures. From their haircut to dress, they are trying to follow the culture they notice in western films. Girls are being influenced by foreign films. Day by day we are losing our interest in our native songs and the ways of singing. Western pop music have taken their place replacing our indigenous cones. In the case of dress, we are being influenced by the culture of other countries. When the young generations watch the actors and actress in the films wearing short dresses, they take it as a fashion and want to follow it. And thus our culture is being influenced by exposure to other countries. Such incidences are the consequences of narrow minded and fascist forces. All of us have a responsibility to honour the socio-cultural and religious sentiments of various communities of the country. It is the opinion of the great philosophers that a simple life without much ambition is worth living and enjoying. Eastern culture does not support the ambitious behaviour. In western culture, however, growth is the only sign of life. We should adopt a delicate balance between the two. Like a swan, we must pick all the pearls of the Western culture and should assimilate them in our social and cultural environments for the sake of a better society and nation.

The Impact of Western Culture “Culture” is one of the most frequently used expressions in the though a very vaguely defined idea. Perhaps, it means a nation’s or an individual’s way of looking at things or general approach towards life as a whole. More concretely speaking, a nation’s culture is something that represents the spirit and the ideals of its time-honoured institutions and usages and all its achievements, both past and present, in different spheres of life. Bangladesh culture, as it has developed through the ages, has always had its basis in a state of piety in man. It has ever insisted on the cultivation of qualities by individuals conducive towards the growth of such as state in them. Purity of character and devotion to truth has always been given priority among human virtues which the Bangladesh educational system from very ancient times has taken care to develop in young pupils. Love of mankind is another virtue, the cultivation of which has also ever been encouraged on the soil of this sacred land. Again, love of beauty, or rather, worship of Beatitude, is one of the basic principles of Bangladeshi culture. Bangladeshi literature and Bangladeshi culture teach this principle and insist on the observance of it in actual life, in no vague terms. Bangladeshi architectural and sculptural works and Bangladeshi paintings of all periods in history embody this principle in a very remarkable degree. “Truth is Beauty and Beauty is truth” is a doctrine, which though universally accepted seems yet to represent the spirit of Bangladeshi culture more than that of any other. The significant message of Bangladesh culture enjoining the worship of Beauty and Truth which and also the source of all good in the world. An outstanding characteristic of Bangladeshi culture is its gospel of Tolerance and Liberalism. In religion as also in social dealings, a Bangladeshi has ever been ideally tolerant and liberal. To him it has ever been a crime against his own God to ignore or disregard God as worshipped by another of a different faith. Again, with all his patriotism and sense of national glory, it has never been for him to prove uncharitable or inhospitable to people of a different nationality or culture. But in the recent times there have been certain incidences which are scars on our cultural harmony and communal homogeneity. Our young generations are beings influenced greatly by western cultures. From their haircut to dress, they are trying to follow the culture they notice in western films. Girls are being influenced by foreign films. Day by day we are losing our interest in our native songs and the ways of singing. Western pop music have taken their place replacing our indigenous cones. In the case of dress, we are being influenced by the culture of other countries. When the young generations watch the actors and actress in the films wearing short dresses, they take it as a fashion and want to follow it. And thus our culture is being influenced by exposure to other countries. Such incidences are the consequences of narrow minded and fascist forces. All of us have a responsibility to honour the socio-cultural and religious sentiments of various communities of the country. As time winds its way though the cosmic clock, cultures fall asleep, fade or die. But Bangladeshi culture shall never die. This makes our culture unique. WAR AND PEACE From the very beginning of the prehistoric age man engaged himself in the struggle for his existence. In the long past people living in cave used to attack animals by throwing stone. That was essential for their survival. This is very natural that one is to fight for oneself, for one's existence, survival and continuation of peaceful harmless life. But now who knows how many innocent people are killed in a war, how many children become orphan, how many women become widowM, how many people are running their lives with the curse of war. It stops normal course of life, accumulates hatred and distrusts, carries on dismay of weariness. It destroys and finishes the glorious historical structures and achievements built through ages. - Man has learnt to negotiate for peace reducing the cost of war and conflict. So they establish committee, council and above all United Nations. All these organisations are the result of consensus of civil societies, nations. Their goal is to maintain peace. Man wants to live in a planet which is free from weapons of mass destruction. To establish real peace in the world we all the nations, should take decision of not going for any kind of war. Systems are to be developed so that conscience prevails over atrocity and inhumanity. Criminals are to be brought to book. We should destroy all atomic and nuclear weapons. We should make the UN active and powerful so that no one can impose war on an other. UN should be made dependable and powerful with regular army which can be used in the right moment. For all the above we should work together, establish a system for ensuring all aspects of keeping peace and above all, discard all sorts of nonsense idea of war.

WHAT I WILL DO AFTER MY S. S. C. EXAMINATION I am an S. S. C. Candidate. My examination is going on. I hope to perform well in the examination. If everything goes on smoothly, I have a desire to spend my time after the examination nicely. For that I have already taken some sort of mental preparation which will help me onward. Meanwhile, I have been advised by my superiors to take some short courses on computer training and get prepared for the college admission test. This may be helpful for me in future. But I have planned the programme according to my own way. I must give importance on the advice of my superiors. At the same time I have thought to spend the time in an effective way with some of my friends so that I can have some recreation after my long exhaustion of examination. At first I shall go to my maternal uncle’s house at a village in Khulna. I shall go there after long three years. So their joy to have me in their midst will know no bounds. I shall happily enjoy a week or two there. Next I shall pay a visit to my sister’s house at Rampal in Khulna. My brother-in-law has already proposed to take me on a hunting expedition to the Sundarbans. You know that I take keen delight in hunting. On the occasion I shall have an opportunity to visit the wonderful flora and fauna of the Sundarbans. Then after, I hope to go to my village home soon after visiting my sister’s family. I hope that I shall pass a few days at my village home and do something with my fellow mates for the welfare of the villagers. In my village home there are many people who are illiterate. Meanwhile we have thought about the matter. We will start a night school and raise a fund. We will get many students. They are all farmers. We will purchase books from them. If they join the class regularly, they will acquire three R’s knowledge very soon. We will also teach them the modern method of cultivation. They will know about the use of modern appliances in cultivation. Then we will try to teach them about the health, sanitation, family planning etc. We think that this will help them in the development of their family and individual life. We decide to devote a few hours everyday for the purpose. Again, I have the plan to have visit to some of the historical places of the country with some of my friends. This visit may broaden our practical knowledge. Thus I hope that I will spend part of this long vacation with my friends in happy mood performing social work and travelling. After returning to my urban home, I will fully devote myself to the preparation for the ensuing college admission and other academic purposes. I think this programme will enable me to spend the long vacation in a fruitful way and will give me intense joy.

WHAT I WOULD DO IF I WIN A LOTTERY Lotteries are matters of mere chances. One does not have to show any skill or intelligence for it. The only thing necessary is to buy lottery tickets. Some people who buy many lottery tickets may not win any. On the other hand a blindman buying only one ticket may win the first prize. I have bought a lottery ticket. I have done it to test my luck. If I win one lakh taka in the lottery I shall spend it most judiciously according to the advice of my parents. At first I shall give the entire amount to my father. As we are almost landless people, I would request my father to buy some land where he can grow paddy, jute, sugarcane, oil seeds. etc. We shall spend about taka forty thousand for this purpose. Then I shall reques-, my mother to make a list of the most essential things for our family. I like to spend about taka twenty thousand in this connection. Then we shall buy good and tasteful clothes for the members of our family. I shall make my parents happy by giving them shoes, saree, lungi, shirt. I shall buy new school uniforms for myself and my sister. Then I shall purchase two dictionaries—one from English to Bangla and the other from Bangla to English. I shall request my teachers to suggest me some useful and essential books which will serve the purpose of reference books in future. We shall repair our old dwelling house and purchase some furniture and utensils for the house. I shall also donate some money to the local mosque and orphanage. After this I shall be left with only ten thousand taka. I shall open an account with a bank and keep the money there. The money will remain safe in the bank and annual interest will be added to it. Thus I will spend the lottery money. WOMEN AND CHILD TRAFFICKING IN BANGLADESH From the long past our human society is being led by the males. Women are under the jaws of depression, torture and deprivation. According to history women in the long and recent past were made captive within four walls or kept under the cover of parda. Men treated them like daily commodities. Men are alluring women with the false hopes and they are trafficking them to different countries as workers in ignominious jobs. Many women, married or unmarried, are being transported to different agencies under the banner of employment. But in course of time they are employed as sex workers or at low jobs, For lack of education and self-consciousness women stay back in the progress of life and hardly understand the tricky game of the trafficking agencies. The simple-minded women are credulous to the alluring words of the culprits and fall victims of demolition of self-esteem and self-rights. A recent United Nations Population Fund (UNFP) report says that Bangladesh tops the world charts when it comes to violence committed against its women by men. The constitution of Bangladesh includes an Act with which Bangladesh government can take punitive measures against trafficking and repression of women. Women education should be stressed first and social security for the child as well as child education should be ensured. Mass media, public propaganda, interactions of social views and awareness of existing law and order may help reduce women and child repression in our country. Bangladesh has several laws specifically protecting women's rights to life and safety and for severely punishing the offenders. It is hopeful that different socioeconomic organisations have taken a laudable initiative to preserve the rights of women and children through constitution. WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, nowadays many women are entering the outside work force. About 50% of total population of our country is women. Their role to the development of our country is no less than that of men. They are contributing a great deal to the development of our country. They play a significant role at home and outside. As a mother in a family a woman manages her family with her intelligence. This affects our economy indirectly and positively. Moreover, it is not only educated women who are opting to work but women with little or no education have come out of their cocoons to earn and become self-reliant. In the present world women’s contribution in different fields of works cannot be denied. They play an important role in various development works of our country. It is a matter of great hope that in our democratic country women have been performing praiseworthy performances in scientific works, medical science, technology, social service and even in every sphere of life. The contribution of women is immense. I feel that once our country was under foreign rule. Women were deprived of their right to prove their ingenuity and talent. But now women can prove themselves worthy by practically proving their latent qualities. It is really a matter of hope for all of us. The educated women are mostly engaged in teaching and a small percentage of them work in offices and factories. The uneducated women usually work as farmers, brick clinkers, construction workers, garment workers etc. Our agriculture is not possible without the active participation of women. In the garment sector our women’s contribution is far greater than men’s. In the garment industry 90% workers are young girls. Moreover, our rural women-folk contribute to the cottage industry which boosts up our national economy. Recently being trained by government and non-government organisations, they are making different products. Nevertheless there are few opportunities, our women are eager to share the burden with the male member to maintain a family in this age of price-hike. With their collective efforts our economy is developing day by day. women are playing a vital role serving the country in the field of education, medical science, teaching, nursing and even in social works. In the garment industry and even in social works.. Being students they prove their talent in the competitive examinations. They can adjust themselves with the present situation taking their position as a challenge. In political and cultural activities their contribution is not insignificant. Role of Women Women are the inherent part of our society and cannot be neglected due to their less power and authority. They are created as a companion for men and men have to make her walk with them in the course of life. As Bangladesh is an Islamic state so Pakistani female’s role and behaviors are defined by Islamic laws and as such are given divine sanction. She plays roles as a mother, a sister, a daughter, a wife. They play their roles with great responsibilities in upbringing of a healthy solid society, but she is in our so called modern world, still living in chains. The basic unit of society is a woman. As woman makes a family, family makes a home and homes make a society. Here we have forgotten that the very first and best school of a child is its mother’s lap. From behavioral to health education women have their hands in. Women are the main contributors in building up a strong society. Arabia, in pre-Islamic ages was wrapped all over by blanket of evil deeds, wicked thoughts and immorality. Women were the most effected during that time. The new born baby girls were buried alive. With the advent of Islam, the women got the respect and status in the society that she ever deserved. It the woman who is a mother and Islam has taught us that “paradise lies under the feet of mother”. From this we can judge women’s respect and importance in our life and society. In western countries men and women are working shoulder to shoulder in the same pace and both are contributing and playing their parts equally in the developmental processes. They are given basic education as well as fundamental and higher education without any restrictions from the society. That is why the West is that much developed. Women can take part in all activities weather they belong to financial, national, international, social or domestic affairs. Women population of our country is greater than that of men population. If such a big portion of population is kept behind then it’s difficult to progress. Women are more productive than men if they are given the right platform they will smoothly carry the nation towards development. Here the complete responsibility lies on the shoulders of the male to educate and encourage the females to step forward and to play their role in developmental processes. Women are not only for home­making and child-rearing but they must also be given chance to put their hands a little forward in building up of a good solid society. A good solid society is a good harbinger of development. In order for a society to be a pure society, both men and women should think, dress and behave in ways that allow pure thoughts and actions to dominate the way of life and create a social climate conducive to the achievement of the real goal of life.

WOMEN'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRY . Women are nowadays as important as men in society. They constitute nearly half of our total population. So there can be no denying the fact that they too possess equal rights and duties as men do. They have noble missions to fulfil as men. If they get opportunity, their genius, powers and capacities will bloom fully. No nation can make real progress keeping a half of its population in the dark without the upliftment of women. The progress of the nation is not at all possible. Though belated, women are now participating in the development of our country. They are taking part in different occupations. Garments are the most contributing industries in the development of our country. And 90% of the garment workers are women. Inspite of many problems they are working in the arments. Women work in many poultry farms. A large number of our women wU as construction workers. Women are receiving education and working in different offices nowadays. We have some women social workers too. They are contributing to the social development of our country. A number of teachers, bankers, lawyers are women. Thus a large number of women are contributing to the development of our country. Still I think the participation of women is not up to the mark. More women should participate as they are the half of our population. Education is necessary for them, otherwise they will remain backward. If the country could ensure a better environment for women to work, they would be able to contribute a lot to the development of the country. Their families also should encourage them. Women's Contribution to the Development of Our Country Men and women are equal and integral part of a nation. So education is equally essential for both. We know that women are the half of the total -population of our country. So our country can not be developed if the women do not contribute to its development. There are some people who think that women are physically and intellectually inferior to men. They are not fit for official and hard work. On the contrary, women of developed ' countries have proved that they are more active, sincere and skilful than a male worker. In the same way, women of our country need to be more educated. Napoleon says, "Give me good mothers, I will give you a good nation." In fact, the future of a child depends on how he is taught by his mother in early child-hood. That is education can make a woman more reasonable, knowledgeable and powerful. However, there is a great contribution of the Bangladeshi women in the development of our country. They are now participating in different occupations. Garments are the most

contributing industries in the development process of our country. Nearly 90% of garment workers are women. Though they are ill paid, they do their jobs of spinning, knitting etc. with skill and devotion. Women have been contributing a lot to the banking sectors. Many women are contributing to the medical professions too. In educational institutions, the female teachers have been contributing a lot by taking better care and teaching the children than the male ones. They are now working as a doctor, politician, government employee, photo­grapher, journalist, high police official, lawyer and almost at every sector. Unfortunately, the participation of women is not satisfactory. The Government and the conscious people of our society should come forward to establish them in the society sincerely. Consequently, they will be able to contribute more and more to the development of the country. Empowerment of Women Empowerment of women is a process through which women in general and poor women in particular get the opportunity to join the workforce and contribute to family income and interfere on family as well as social affairs. In past women were segregated from out of home productive work. They were kept within the four walls. The hearth became the place for them. So cooking, cleaning, washing, giving birth and rearing children became their jobs. Men became the wage earners and all other activities became their responsibilities. In Bangladesh position of the women is very humiliating. Women are the worst suffers. There are many reasons of dis­empowerment of women in Bangladesh such as Economic reasons, socio­culture and religious reasons Women are nowadays as important as men in society. They co constitute nearly half of our total population. So, there are can be no denying the fact that they too possess equal rights and duties as men. They have noble missions to fulfill as men. If they get opportunity, their genius and capacities will bloom fully. No nation can make the real progress keeping a full of its population in the dark. So women’s empowerment is essential. Some practical measures should be taken for the empowerment of women. The women should be made conscious of the fact that they have got all the potentialities to participate in the socio-economic development of the country. They should be made self-sufficient by given them proper education and employment. It should also be endured that at workplace that women get their desirable and just wages against their contributions. The social prejudices that exist regarding the girls must be changed. The violence against women must also stop. Women need to gain a lot more power over their decision making process. They should not be seen as fertility machines that have only the goal of reproducing. During the last few decades, women’s status has been changed greatly. Today women are playing important role in all spheres of life. Many of them have come out of the kitchens. They are working hand in hand with men in all spheres of work i.e. from garments workers to pilots, doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators etc. Now, it has come to the realization to all that if we want keep pace with the challenge of the millennium, both men and women should work side by side. In this regard, the government along with, with the people from all strata of life should come forward to extend their whole hearted cooperation. WONDERS OF MODERN SCIENCE or TRIUMPH OF MODERN SCIENCE Science is the driving force of modern civilisation. The domain of science is vast, so it has many fields. Each of these fields is again quite large and in each of these momentous discoveries and inventions has been made in modern times. Therefore, the wonders of modern science are too many to be enumerated. Some of the wonders which science has provided to the human being are decidedly remarkable. Science, in its rapid progress, goes on creating inventions after inventions. These are clearly seen everywhere around us. It has made human life easy and comfortable. In olden times man had to depend chiefly on the mercy of Nature. The forces of Nature were often cruel and unfavourable. They stood on the way of human happiness. Man has conquered Nature with the help of science. He is no longer subordinate to Nature. Rather he is now her master. He is now employing her force for his own good. Important and remarkable wonders: The discovery of the power called electricity may be mentioned as the first gift of modern science. It has brought about a massive change in human society. It works like magic. Modern civilization itself is indeed the creation of electricity. Science has linked up the distant parts of the world. Telephone, wireless or radio is great wonders. Perhaps the greatest stride forward has been made in media technology. Fax, ISD, Internet etc have been organs of supplying information. Telephone is another wonderful invention of modern science. It is such an amazing device that it sends out or rather carries first hand messages from one place to another and makes quick communication possible. Another wonderful creation of modern science is wireless of radio. It is an instrument through which we can transmit information within very short time from one corner of the world to another. Fax is a machine by which we can send the copy of a document, an illustration etc by an electronic system using telephone lines. It is really a very wonderful machine, which can transmit any document to another fax machine, located within home or abroad in less than a minute’s time. It is practically a time saving device. It is playing a vital part in International Communication System. Internet is a new device for speedy transmission of nation, news, feelings etc. In the process of computer network, Internet is now regarded as a milestone in the modern world of computers. A student sitting in his reading room can use the London library and can collect his necessary information. A businessman can see the condition of the world market just by sitting on his bed. Internet communication is now the fastest communication in the world. C.D Rom is another device by which films and songs and be played on the computer. ISD telephone, cellular telephone (mobile) are other kinds of quick communication. The E-mail system makes mailing very quick and cheap. Modern transportation system is the gift of science. By ships, steamers, launches on the water, we can travel from one place to the other with our cargos to any part of the world in the shortest possible time. Again, train, bus, truck, car carry us on land from place to place. In a word, science has shortened our long distance. Another wonder creation of modern science is television. It serves the function of both hearing and watching and thus entertains us doubly. It combines both the functions of hearing and seeing. It is really a great wonder how the image of a person or an object turns into electricity and is received by the television set. It is one of the most exquisite and modern media of communicating messages, thoughts and ideas. Computer can be termed as the greatest invention of modern science. It has brought a revolutionary change in the global civilization. It is expected to render the greatest service to humanity by substituting human brain and by scientific secrets and message. It has become a part of every walk of life. Science has done miracles in the field of medicine. In the fields of medicine, therapy and treatment of diseases, life-saving drugs, X-ray, Ultra-violet ray are also a few wonderful discoveries of modern science. E.C.G, CT scan and others are invented for medical procedure. They help us to come round easily. Apart from this, medicines for different diseases are greatly helpful for us. Science has developed our agriculture. It has turned a desert into fertile lands. The use of scientific elements like tractors and power-pumps and application of fertilizer has increased production of crops tremendously. We are no longer dependent on Nature for our agriculture. The discovery and release of nuclear power is also one of the most wonderful gifts of modern science. It has made possible the manufacture of the Atom Bomb, the Hydrogen Bomb and the missiles. This energy has unlimited potentialities for being utilized for peaceful and constructive purposes which will be great benefits to the humanity. In very recent times, space is another fascinating and great advancement of modern science. It is already know that man has successfully landed on the moon and has safely returned. After the conquest of the moon, the scientists have turned their eyes to the Mars, which is our next-door neighbor in the kingdom of the plants. The scientists have launched the most massive research programmes in the history of space exploration with their mission to Mars. Recently, the Path Finder of this mission, very successfully landed on the Mars. Mankind is hoping to land on the Mars within the next 15 years. These all are possible by the blessing of science. The value of Science: The value of science is very great. Modern civilization entirely depends on it. Time and distance has been curtailed by science. Science has given food to the hungers, clothes to the naked, eyes to the blind, hearing to the dead. In advanced countries like America, China, Japan, Russia and England all sorts of words are done by scientific method Demerits / Drawbacks / Abuses: Science is not free from defects. It is the root of modern war. It has invented weapons of death and destruction. Men use them to kill people in the battlefield. In has thus increased the horrors of war and sufferings of mankind. Conclusion: There are so many other invention, which have made our life easy and comfortable. Science has made the impossible of yesterday possible today. For the betterment, advancement and welfare of mankind, we hope that modern science will go on adding more marvels and achievements. Wonder of Modern Science Man always wants to live a better life. He wants better food, clothing and dwelling. He also likes comfort and entertainment. Science helps man to attain these. As a result, science has developed greatly. Today we are living is an age of science. Day and night, we make use of innumerable discoveries and inventions of science. Electricity is the great power behind many scientific inventions. The electric lamp lights up our houses. Radio, television, telegraph, telephone, cinema, tape-recorder, photocopier, VCR, computers and most of the mills and factories are run by electricity. There are also electric trains, printing presses, cookers, irons, fans, sewing machines etc. run by electricity. Science has conquered space and time. We can go from one place to another in a very short time by train, steamer, plane or rocket. Previously people took years to go from one continent to another. But nowadays we take only hours. We have reached the moon. We can now send messages at a great distance in the fraction of a second. We can talk to anybody in any part of the world by telephone, Radio broadcasts songs music, news, discussion etc. Television telecasts a wide range of programmes of varies subjects. By FAX, any writing of picture can be sent over great distances very easily. We can do today in hours what was done in days or months before. E-mail has made the world communication quickest, easiest and cheapest. Science has found out the causes of most of the diseases and has discovered many remedies. A deadly disease like TB has been conquered. Cholera has also been brought under control. Small pox has been eradicated. The X-Ray and the antibiotic have been very helpful to man. Cornea transplant, by-pass surgery etc. are marvels of medical science. Science has increased food production greatly. If we can apply the scientific methods properly there will be no hunger in the world. Tractors, power-pumps, fertilizers, high yielding varieties of corps and irrigation techniques have revolutionized agriculture. But science is not an unmixed blessing. Science has also invented guns, bombs, and missiles, battleships and war planes, chemical weapons and nuclear war heads. It has brought in environmental pollution. We should stop the misuse of science to get its real benefits. THE BLESSINGS OF SCIENCE Introduction: Life to-day is governed by science. No aspect of our life is now free from the influence of science. The greater is the control of a people over nature, the more civilized it is. Hence the progress of civilization is dependent on the progress of science. Modern civilization with its amenities of life may be called the product of modern science. So, we cannot think of new life without it. Blessings of science: The blessings of science are clearly seen everywhere around us. It has brought a thorough change over the surface of this world. Electricity, Telephone, Television, Radio, Cinema, Computer, Aeroplane, Rocket, Telegraph, X-ray, Nuclear energy etc. are the highest blessings and wonders of modern science. How ever the blessings of modern science are described below. Electricity: This wonderful invention has radically changed human life, society and culture. It turns the night into the day. Man can now remove the darkness of his room by turning a small switch. With the help of electricity he can now control the hot weather by moving fans and he can also run the transport service, radio and many after things. Computer: Computer is the miracle invention of science. It serves man in ways that cannot be counted. All sorts of typing, calculation, cheap communications, data processing and various office works can be executed by a computer easily and efficiently. Medical Science: Science has done great wonders in the field of medicine and treatment of patients. It has relieved human sufferings. Modern man fights with diseases by the power of drugs which are invented for the benefit of mankind. The X-ray, the pathological diagnostic devices, the penicillin have come as real blessings to humanity. The wireless: One can read a message from any part of the world to another part in the twinkling of an eye by means of wireless. The radio operates through wireless and the television is an improvement upon the radio. It pleases our senses of sight and hearing at the same time. Communication: It is the excitable system of the modern world. It contains Transportation, Radio, T.V., Cinema, Telephone, Telegraph, Fax, and Wireless etc. Aeroplanes, Buses, Trucks, Trains, Launches and steamers carry passengers and goods. Wireless, Telephone, Fax have brought the world nearer. In fact, science has won distance successfully. Agriculture: Science has worked wonders in the field of agriculture. The invention of tractor, Power-Pump, fertilizer, insecticide-all make agriculture to have maximum out put. Conclusion: So, the blessings of science are innumerable. From morning till late night science fills our life with all sorts of comforts. Its blessings is really unimaginable and its uses cannot be expressed in words.

THE WONDERS O F MODERN SCIENCE Modern civilization is the gift of modern science. Today we are living in an age of science. Day and night, we make use of innumerable discoveries and inventions of science. Electricity is the great power behind many scientific inventions. The electric lamp lights up our houses. Radio, television, telegraph, telephone, cinema, tape-recorder, photo-copier, VCR, computers and most of the mills and factories are run by electricity. There are also electric trains, printing presses, cookers, irons, fans, sewing machines etc. run by electricity. Science has conquered space and time. We can go from one place to another in a very short time by train, steamer, plane or rocket. We have reached the moon. We can now send messages to a great distance in a second. We can talk to anybody in any part of the world by mobile phone. Radio brings songs, music, news, discussions etc. Television brings pictures also even in colour. By FAX, any writing or picture can be sent over great distances very easily. Internet is yet another wonder of modern science. Spinning of yarn, weaving of cloth and sewing of clothes can be done at a great speed. Food processing, house-building, constructing roads and bridges can be done very quickly. Millions of pages can be printed or reproduced in a short time. A calculator can solve a complicated sum in no time. Science has discoved the causes of most of the diseases and their remedies. A deadly disease like TB has been conquered. Cholera has also been brought under control. Small pox has been eliminated. The X-Ray and the anti-biotic have been very helpful to man. Cornea transplant, by-pass surgery etc. are marvels of' medical science. Science has increased food production greatly. If we can apply the scientific methods properly, there will be no hunger in the world. Tractors. power-pumps, fertilizers, high-yielding varieties of crops and irrigation techniques have revolutionized agriculture. But science is not an unmixed blessing. Science has also invented guns, bombs, and missiles, battleships and war planes, chemical weapons and nuclear war heads. To speak the truth science has both blessing and curse. The Wonders of Science Or, The Inventions of Science Introduction : Today is the age of science. Modern science has invented a lot of wonderful and useful things. It has made impossible possible Wherever we turn our eyes, we can see the blessings of science. The inventions of science have conquered diseases, natural disasters, space distance and time. The wonders of modern science are too many to describe in a short composition. The most common wonders are stated below in a few words :- (a) Electricity : Electricity is the first wonder of modern science. It is a great source of power and energy. It is the driving force of modern civilization . The advancement of modern science is impossible without electricity. Almost all machines and tools run through this driving force. It has made our life comfortable, happy. easy and enjoyable. (b) Communication : Telephone, telegram, telex, fax and wireless are the other great blessings of modern science. They have brought the whole world to our door. They have conquered distance and saved time. We can exchange thoughts, views and ideas through the wonderful inventions within a very short time. We can talk to any person at any comer of the world by sitting at -home through these wonderful inventions. (c) Radio : Radio is also another great wonder of modern science. It helps to hear human voice from any remote part of the world. It is a great source of recreation and amusement It also plays vital role in spreading education. we enjoy song, music and many valuable discussions by sitting before a radio set, (d) Television : Television is one of the, greatest wonders of modern science. It is 1 the most popular source of recreation and amusement. It is also the most popular source of spreading education and knowledge. It is one of the greatest mass media of communication. At the same time, it gives both the picture and the voice of the speaker. It helps to remove the monotony of hard works. By sitting at home, we can watch the current incidents and any international sports and games on the TV screen. It can be said that television is the mirror of the whole world. (e) In transportation : The rail-engines, steamers, motor cars and aeroplane are the wonder of modern science. These blessings have brought in our life. They have brought the about a radical change world to our grip. We can travel one place to another within a very short time by these inventions. We can fly from one part to another faster than a bird by aeroplane. These inventions conquered time and distance wonderfully. (f) In medical Science .: The inventions of penicillin, X-ray, ECG and Biopsy are also great wonders of modern science 'in the field of medical science. They help to fight against any fatal disease. They have wonderfully lessened death rate of population. (g) Computer : The computer is also one of the most wonderful and useful blessings/inventions of modern science. It works like human brain. So it is called an electric brain. It can solve hundreds of problems within a second. This wonderful device has changed our life wonderfully. It is expected that man" will become a doll and computer will do almost every human brain works in future. (h) Mobile phone : The mobile phone is the recent wonder of modern science. It is the latest invention in the field of communication. It is superior to telephone, telex, telegraph. fax, E­mail and wireless. It is very cheap and common. By sitting at home, we can talk to any person at any remote corner of the globe within a second by using a mobile phone. It has saved time and lessened distance wonderfully. So the mobile phone works like a magic box. Conclusion: In order to make human life more comfortable, joyful and enjoyable modern science continues its inventions. It works like Aladin's magic lamp. But the blessings of science should be utilized carefully only for the benefit and interest of mankind.

WORLD CUP CRICKET

Cricket is the national game of the English. Now cricket travels down to a good number of countries. A cricket match is played between two teams. Each team consists of eleven members. A match is sometimes played the whole day and, even day and night. The umpire's signal marks the beginning of the play and the bowler starts bowling. After every six balls the bowler's over ends. The batsman may be out in many ways, such as, 'bowled out', 'run out", 'stumped out', 'caught out', 'leg before wicket out' and 'hit-wicket out'.

At present 122 countries are playing cricket, 35 countries are the members of ICC, of them 10 countries are the full-pledged members where test. matches are held. World Cup Cricket competition is held in between the countries. The last eighth World Cup tournament was held in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya and the champion and runners-up countries were Australia and Pakistan respectively. The World Cup Cricket competition are generally held with grandeur, colour, spirit and enthusiasm.

Bangladesh has advanced in playing cricket. At present cricket is parallel to football. The popularity of cricket has been in full progression in Bangladesh just after Bangladesh has won the ICC trophy in 1997. Since 1991 Bangladesh has been doing well in the field of cricket and 1997 she won the ICC trophy and got chance to play in World Cup Cricket tournament in Great Britain in 1999. Bangladesh also showed outstanding performance in the World Cup tournament by defeating both Scotland and giant Pakistan. In the last world cup held in West Indies Bangladesh defeated India and South Africa and earned inter national appreciation.

Cricket is a royal game. Cricket teaches manliness, obedience, patience, perseverance and co-operation. But fairness is the very essence of this game: The players of Bangladesh have great potentialities in the field of cricket and one day our players may earn name and fame in World Cup Cricket.

THE WOMEN IN BANGLADESH

In Bangladesh women constitute half of its total population. But they are considered subservient to men. They have been confined within the four walls of home. Besides, they are deprived of the light of education. As a result they are remaining illiterate and uneducated. All these factors have shaped and conditioned a specific role of women in Bangladesh.

The specific role of women in Bangladesh is traditional. This traditional role is the one that she can play inside the household. From early morning to late-night they have to perform the house-hold chores and serve the members of their families. In fact, a woman has to bring forth children, rear them up, cook for the family and make the home.

At present there has been a significant change in the outlook of men and society. Many socio-economic -economic factors are responsible for this change. The women have crossed the bounds of home. All possible facilities of female education have been extended. Avenues of women's empowerment and employment have been opened up. Thus the women are now coming out of their cocoons to play different roles according to their education, skill and ability.

In the modern world the women have proved that they are equal to their counterparts in all respects. Their role is changing day by day. They are now taking part in all kinds of out-of-home work official and non-official, government and non-government, self-employment enterprises and business and commerce. Some women are in politics and parliament as well as in diplomatic services. Our women are rendering highly laudable service in nursing and teaching profession. A large number of our women are Advocates, Doctors, Engineers and Journalists. In fact, in every sector of out-of-home work, the role of our women is highly prominent.

The role of women in the development of the country cannot be exaggerated. In fact, no development of the country is at all possible if one half of its population is kept out of the way. So scopes should be created so that our women may play their part effectively in the society.