COMPOSITIONS FOR JSC, SSC, HSC & OTHER EXAMINATIONS (E)

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Our total environment influences our life and our way of living. The main elements of human environment are men, animals, plants, soil, air, and water. There are relationships among these elements. These relationships are disturbed because of pollution and then life becomes difficult or impossible. Any abnormal change in chemical, physical and biological characteristics of environment is called pollution. The bio­sphere and the ecosystem are self-sustaining. Nature maintains a balance in land, water, air and all the living organisms in this world. Any imbalance therein causes a chain reaction leading to environment pollution. Today our environment is polluted in many ways. Among them, air pollution, water pollution, sound pollution are awfully threatening to the mankind. Environment problem is a direct consequence of industrial progress. It is, therefore, more pronounced in large industrial belts. In these areas, the air gets polluted by the exhausts from automobiles and furnace, industrial soot, emission of smoke from factories etc. Decomposition of garbage and other refuse make the atmosphere heavy. Large scale accumulation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide thus takes place in the air we breathe. Green forests purify air, but with random felling of trees, the percentage of these highly poisonous gases in the air increases. With development of industries, large amount of industrial and municipal wastes are discharged into rivers or lakes. Thus water gets polluted with toxic chemicals resulting in the death of marine lives. Emissions from refineries float on seas destroying marine lives and coastal vegetation wherever it strikes. Sound pollution, a part of our daily life affects our hearing, our nerves, our ability to work efficiently and our general health. Soil pollution is also another important aspect. Factory waste, nuclear explosion, oil etc pollute the soil and soil can’t grow crops. All these cause great damage to the health of living creatures. Steps must be taken to prevent environment pollution for the greater welfare of mankind. ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION : CAUSES AND MEASURES The thing which makes the world most worried is environment pollution. Our environment comprises the elements that surround us. Air, water, the sun, the moon. weather, climate and everything fall under the category of environment. Environment makes us survive. We get everything from nature to meet the need of our life. The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste each year, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to find suitable locations to get rid of all the refuse. We know that air is an important element of our environment and our air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fire to cook food, make bricks. melt tar for road construction and to do many other things. Fires create smoke and pollute the air. Railway engines and powerhouses create smoke by burning coal and oil. Mills and factories also belch a lot of smoke. Buses, trucks and cars use petrol and diesel oil. These too emit smoke. All these kinds of smoke pollute the air. Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Sound pollution is another hindrance to a calm and serene life. There are so many disturbing sounds made by man and machines. Making loud sounds without caring for human disturbance is a cognizable offence. People suffering from hypertension or heart disease may have heart attack or stroke if they hear loud sounds. Even loud sound may affect the mental upbringing of a baby. Greenhouse effect is a recent concept which means the adverse effects caused by the rise in the temperature in the climate of the world. Indiscriminate deforestation throughout the world also is one of the causes to create imbalance in the climate and it, in turn, helps Greenhouse effect to intensify. Environment is the basis of our existence. To ensure our existence we should remain free from all sorts of pollution. Government, semi-government, non-government organisations should come forward with the programmes of saving environment. All of us should remember the importance of the slogan, "Save the environment, ensure the healthier life. Environment Pollution Pollution means spoiling the purity of a thing. So environment pollution means the destruction of the purity of our environment. In our Bangladesh, the problem is growing more and more acute. So, it affects our health and causes loss to us in different ways.. Air, water, plants, animals etc. form our environment. Pure air is essential for our health. On the contrary, impure air is injurious to our health. In cities and towns most people live in congested areas. The most common factor that pollutes air is smoke. All types of smoke pollute air. Men makes fire to cook food, to make bricks, to burn refuse and to melt pitch etc. All these create smoke and pollute air. Railway engines, buses, trucks and other vehicles emit smoke and thus pollute the air. The serious air pollution occurs in big industrial areas and big cities. Air pollution causes pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory disease. Water can be polluted in many ways. Chemical fertilizers and insecticides used by the farmers in their fields pollute water. Mills and factories pollute water by throwing waste products of many poisonous chemicals into rivers and canals.Human waste and filth that fall into rivers and canals from unsanitary latrines pollute water. Another kind of pollution is sound pollution. Sound pollution is caused by the use of different kinds of horns of vehicles and the indiscriminate use of microphones, loud speakers, slogans, film songs, crackers during the religious festivals etc. Plants are our great friends. Trees take carbon dioxide from the air and give us life giving oxygen. But people recklessly cut down trees. Consequently a fertile land turns into a desert. Some animals and birds are of great use to us. Their proper maintenance is essential for our good. Therefore, we should be conscious to keep our environment free from pollution. Otherwise, it will create a great dangerous situation for oul, life, property and above all future generation. The Environmental Pollution in Bangladesh Introduction : In our day-to-day life, xe are facing newer serious problems environmental pollution has become a major problem in our country. It is regarded as a global problem too. Our environment is getting polluted day by day. Our life is closely related to environment. As a result of environmental pollution. our life is now in great. threat. Different pollutions : Now we are facing different environmental pollutions such as water pollution, air pollution, sound pollution, odour pollution and arsenic pollution. Wherever we cast our eyes or move, we feel various pollutions in the environment.- Water is one of the vital element of' the environment. But now it is seriously polluted. Air is another principal element. But this life saving element is also severely polluted. Causes of pollution : Our environment is polluted in many ways. Air is polluted by smoke. Mills, factories, industries, power houses, rail engines, motor- vehicles and brick-fields emit huge black smoke and fume. They get mixed with air and pollute it. Water is another principal element of an environment. It is also polluted in many ways. Our farmers use chemical fertilizers to grow better crops. They also use insecticides to kill the harmful insects that harm crops, vegetables and fruits. They get mixed with water and pollute it seriously. Besides, our mills and factories pollute/contaminate water by dumping/ throwing toxic chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Insanitary latrines also cause water pollution. Loud-speakers: mike, the radio, television, aeroplanes, jet engines, rail engines. power-houses, motor cars etc. creates dangerous sound pollution. Improper management of rubbish and wastes create bad smell which creates odour pollution. Bad effects : The bad effect of environmental pollution is very panic and alarming. Air pollution causes various respiratory diseases, water pollution causes fatal waterborne diseases, odour pollution causes also respiratory diseases, sound pollution harms our brain, hearing and hampers our concentration on works and studies. All these environmental pollutions affect the wildlife, crops, trees and creates imbalance in the environment. They harm our agriculture as well as our economy. How to solve/Remedies : In order to solve/control environmental pollution. illiteracy and poverty must be eradicated/ removed. Civic consciousness should be raised about the danger of environmental pollution. Lead free fuel must be used in cars and mills and factories. Environment protection law must be made effective properly. The dumping of toxic chemicals and waste products from mills, factories and industries into water must be stopped. The indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides should be controlled. The dumping food waste, human waste and the burnt oil from the water vehicles must be stopped. Public awareness should be created about the danger of environmental pollution. Illiteracy must be wiped out. Population explosion must .be stopped. Early marriage must be banned. Environment protection laws must be imposed effectively in order to check environmental pollution. THE EATING HABITS OF THE BANGLADESHI PEOPLE In Bangladesh, different people like different kinds of foods according to their own choice and taste. But, by and large, the eating habits of Bangladeshi people are almost the same. In Bangladesh, people are habituated to have three meals a day. Rice, dal and fish are the main meal of the people. In Bangladesh, most people use their fingers for eating. In Bangladesh, common foods are rice, fish and dal. People also eat wheat, potatoes and other seasonal vegetables, beef, mutton, chicken, eggs, bread and other bakery products and all sorts of local fruits according to their own taste. All these are common food items. Some people occasionally eat polao, biryani, chicken roast, mutton curry, beef curry, etc. We like all these Bangladeshi foods because we are habituated to eat them. In Bangladesh, most families have three meals a day — breakfast, lunch and dinner. Here breakfast usually consists of bread and vegetables. Some rich and aristocratic people are habituated to take sliced bread with butter, jam or jelly, egg and tea or coffee later. Lunch is the main meal of the people. Generally, lunch contains rice, fish and dal. This may be different during weekends. Friday lunch is often the most important meal of the week. On this day, various special food items are prepared and the whole family eat together. There is another meal in the evening called supper. Eating habits of Bangladeshi people are almost all the same. Eating habit is very important for a person because it helps him to take a balanced diet regularly according to his demands which is very necessary for health. Besides, eating habit is very important to enjoy a sound health in a sound body and a sound mind. It is notable that the eating habits of Bangladeshi. people are changing nowadays. Fast food and foreign cuisines are getting popular with the people.

THE EFFECTS OF FREQUENT CHANGE OF THE SYLLABUS A Syllabus is a curriculum in which the lists of subjects are included in a course of study or taught at a particular educational institution. The learners and teachers follow this syllabus for individual subject and marches onward. When a syllabus is followed for a long time, the teachers get equipped and experienced in that one. They become able to get research work on the syllabus which enables them to impart education more successfully. But it is sometimes felt that the old-fashioned and worn out ideas create boredom in the budding mind of modern learners and the teachers as well. So it becomes a need to formulate a new syllabus fitting to contemporary world and accordingly the authority concerned try to do so. It is observed that in our country at S. S. C. & H. S. C. levels the syllabus of study course is frequently being changed. This noble task by the authority deserves the praise and at the same time criticism as well. Hence the question arises whether the frequent change of syllabus is effective or not. Being a student, I myself have experienced this frequent change of syllabus and I feel that the authority have forgotten about the total socio-economic infrastructure of our country before changing this syllabus. Today we find that the standard of education of the S. S. C. & H. S. C. levels has declined considerably. The reasons behind these are manifold. Lack of training and motivation of the teachers is a source of great worry. Most of the teachers are not acquainted with this new type of syllabus. In regard to the subject of English, some of the teachers opine that the new syllabus is not much effective for us, as our students have not been brought up in English oriented environment. They feel discouraged in teaching this syllabus. To some of them, it is a modern carriage pulled by primitive wheels. As the teachers are not properly trained up, they can’t give proper guidance to the students. Then comes the pecuniary condition of the people. In some cases, the students in the urban areas are doing better because they get support from their guardians, private tutors, coaching centres etc. But in the rural areas, most of the guardians cannot afford two square meals a day, let alone education. So they cannot take care of their school or college going children. Moreover, the educational institutions are suffering from want of modern facilities. So the frequent change of syllabus really makes the average students the victims of the situation and the guardians are also mentally distorted for their bright career of their children or ward. The present situation looks forward to the proper decision of the authority concerned so that the students of our country can no more be the sufferers, rather be the gainers of the change of syllabus. THE EVILS OF SMOKING, LOOMING DANGERS Smoking is undoubtedly a bad habit and harmful both physically and financially. A smoker, if he does not realise the bad effects of smoking, turns to be a chain smoker. A smoker not only harms himself but also pollutes the environment he lives in. The dangers of smoking are many. Smoking gives rise to various serious diseases. It may cause cancer, bronchitis and many other brain and lung diseases. Our young generation is the worst victim of it. Most of them are frustrated regarding their future. As a result, they are addicted to smoking. Not only that, a nonsmoker who breathes the fume of cigarette is at the risk of being affected with hypertension. One puff of cigarette smoke contains fifteen billion particles of injurious matters like nicotine, methyl alcohol, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, arsenic, benzopyrene, etc. All these directly affect a smoker. Besides, a nonsmoker sitting or living witha smoker is also affected with these, because he has to inhale all these fatal elements. To prevent smoking is a great attempt. According to health department there should be a budget allocation for this. In our country an organisation like 'ADHUNIK' has taken a number of preventive steps against smoking. Recently Bangladesh has passed an anti-smoking law in the parliament for which smoking in the open public places and cultivation and storing of tobacco has been treated as punishable offence. The whole nation is approaching with mistakes. At times mistakes are not compromised and it is needed to raise movement and steps against it. Mainly publication of features related to smoking and advertisement of smoking should be banned strictly. Those who encourage this, legal measures should be taken against them. Seminar, discussion, motivation and anti-tobacco slogans should be started to fight the spread of smoking. In fine, it is undeniably recognised that smoking is harmful for all. With the burning of a cigarette all good is perverted into bad ones. Let us move for preventing smoking and ensuring a sound and healthier life for our coming generation. THE EXISTENCE OF DINOSAURS ‘Jurassic Park’ is a film, which has created a storm. It opened up a volcano of interest in the earliest inhabitants of the earth. It has been created a new hero of the children “The Dinosaur”. There is a craze to discover out most interesting ancestors who are extinct. They were gigantic. Dinosaurs were the forerunners of animal life on earth. In the beginning, millions of years ago, when the earth was first formed there was no life at all. There were no plants, animals or human beings. Everything was bare. The surface of the earth was very hot then and nothing could have survived. Very gradually life began in the sea. The first living things were quite tiny and small. Then came various forms of fish and the beautiful underworld of weeds and corals. Plants too began to grow on land, and the earth was filled with greenery and colour. The dinosaur was one of the animals that walked on earth in pre­historic times. In America, monster footsteps were discovered about one hundred and fifty years ago. Later, some large bones were discovered. ‘Dinosaur’ literally means ‘a terrible lizard’ for that is what it really looked like --- an enormous lizard. Like lizards, dinosaurs had hard, rough, and scaly skin. They were cold blooded reptiles. They laid eggs and had long legs. They lived on swamps, on land, mountains, rivers, forests, everywhere on the earth. They were usually gentle by nature, but there was a species which ate flesh and was quite aggressive in its behaviour. There were hundreds of types of dinosaurs. They are divided into ‘Dimthosichains’ (bird hipped dinosaurs) such as, ‘Protesarataps’ and had hip bone similar to birds and ‘SAURICHIANS’ with hip bone similar to lizards like ‘DIPLODOCUS’. Some were meat eaters and some were plant eaters. Dinosaurs varied greatly in their size, shape and features. They did not live at the same time. Some lived 200 million years ago, other 70 million years ago. Not all dinosaurs were giants. Some such as ‘COMPSOGNATHUS’ was of size of a chicken and ‘Heterodontesaorus’ was of size of a large dog. Some such as ‘BRONTOSAURS’ and ‘DIPLODOCUS’ were really giants. The ‘tyrannosaurus’ was a dinosaur that lived on meat. It had a duck­like figure with a lizard-like tail and giraffe-like neck. The short hands it had were used to balance its body. The ‘leosothosauraus’ looked like a big cat with rough skin and spikes. It ate plants. It also had a long tail that it used to keep the enemy away. It could move like a cat on its four legs. The ‘stegosaurus’ was a plant-eating dinosaur that had a bulky body. It had a unique way of protecting itself from the enemy with its spike. Its whole body was covered with strong spikes. It had small legs like an alligator. About 65 million years ago, long before man came into existence, dinosaurs and the flying and swimming reptiles died out abruptly. The only records left are there fossils. The reason for their abrupt disappearance is still a mystery. Several movies have been made on this animal, and directors of films and directors of films have tried to recapture the past and bring back to life the extinct dinosaur. THE EXISTENCE OF DINOSAURS ‘Jurassic Park’ is a film, which has created a storm. It opened up a volcano of interest in the earliest inhabitants of the earth. It has been created a new hero of the children “The Dinosaur”. There is a craze to discover out most interesting ancestors who are extinct. They were gigantic. Dinosaurs were the forerunners of animal life on earth. Nearly 150 million years ago, the great dinosaurs ruled the earth. ‘Dinosaur’ literally means ‘a terrible lizard’. Like lizards, dinosaurs had hard, rough, and scaly skin. They were cold blooded reptiles. They laid eggs and had long legs. They lived on swamps, on land, mountains, rivers, forests, everywhere on the earth. There were hundreds of types of dinosaurs. They are divided into ‘Dimthosichains’ (bird hipped dinosaurs) such as, ‘Protesarataps’ and had hip bone similar to birds and ‘SAURICHIANS’ with hip bone similar to lizards like ‘DIPLODOCUS’. Some were meat eaters and some were plant eaters. Dinosaurs varied greatly in their size, shape and features. They did not live at the same time. Some lived 200 million years ago, other 70 million years ago. Not all dinosaurs were giants. Some such as ‘COMPSOGNATHUS’ was of size of a chicken and ‘Heterodontesaorus’ was of size of a large dog. Some such as ‘BRONTOSAURS’ and ‘DIPLODOCUS’ were really giants. The ‘tyrannosaurus’ was a dinosaur that lived on meat. It had a duck­like figure with a lizard-like tail and giraffe-like neck. The short hands it had were used to balance its body. The ‘leosothosauraus’ looked like a big cat with rough skin and spikes. It ate plants. It also had a long tail that it used to keep the enemy away. It could move like a cat on its four legs. The ‘stegosaurus’ was a plant-eating dinosaur that had a bulky body. It had a unique way of protecting itself from the enemy with its spike. Its whole body was covered with strong spikes. It had small legs like an alligator. About 65 million years ago, long before man came into existence, dinosaurs and the flying and swimming reptiles died out abruptly. The only records left are there fossils. The reason for their abrupt disappearance is still a mystery. THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ENGLISH THE NECESSITY OF LEARNING ENGLISH English is, arguably, one of the richest and most widely spoken languages in the world. English is acknowledged as the commercial and technological language of an international standard. It is taught in schools and colleges as a fulfillment of academic requirements English, which in the current times, aspires for a world status, was spoken only by a selected few, some few hundred years ago. Over a period of time, it gained in strength and patronage. Today, almost four centuries after Shakespeare it is used by several million people all over the world and has now attained a status almost akin to the mother tongue in many countries. It is the language most suitable for the administrative language. It is a suitable medium of instruction and is taught and learned with an avid interest at all levels. Today’s economy is a global economy. Business, public relations, international governmental relations --- these involve various countries of the world, necessitating the English language as the basic medium of communication. English helps us in maintaining and establishing contacts with the advanced nations of the world. It is one of the major languages in which the U.N.O. conducts its deliberations. We need to learn English not only to speak to the English people but also to communicate with any other community of any other country. Therefore, in the professional arena, English can never be done away with. For us, English is essential for acquiring higher education also. So, this is virtually basic issue: English is essential for good education. Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world’s computers is in English. The media uses English as a language of communication. English is a versatile language that has adopted and assimilated freely from the other language. It cannot be denied that English is a language of many nuances. Its vocabulary conveys precisely and accurately, whatever needs to be said. More than anything else, it is a language that knows no frontiers. People in different countries and environments have evolved their own idioms, making it more colourful, varied and acceptable. Therefore, it is, imperative that all of us should acquire the functional knowledge of English. THE NECESSITY OF LEARNING ENGLISH OR THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ENGLISH English is, arguably, one of the richest and most widely spoken languages in the world. English is acknowledged as the commercial and technological language of an international standard. It is taught in schools and colleges as a fulfillment of academic requirements. English has long been a world language. Over a period of time, it gained in strength and patronage. Historically, English spread worldwide due to the colonial expansion of the British. Today, almost four centuries after Shakespeare it is used by several million people all over the world and has now attained a status almost akin to the mother tongue in many countries. Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. Today’s economy is a global economy. Business, public relations, international governmental relations --- these involve various countries of the world, necessitating the English language as the basic medium of communication. English helps us in maintaining and establishing contacts with the advanced nations of the world. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. It is one of the major languages in which the U.N.O. conducts its deliberations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and business world to communicate across national borders. Most of the world trade and commerce is conducted in English. We need to learn English not only to speak to the English people but also to communicate with any other community of any other country. Therefore, in the professional arena, English can never be done away with. English is the language most suitable for the administration. The most powerful country, in the world (USA) uses English. It is a major language of the UN. In Bangladesh it is the donor’s language. It is a suitable medium of instruction and is taught and learned with an avid interest at all levels. For us, English is essential for acquiring higher education also. Higher studies anywhere in the world are mostly offered in English. Global interaction and the present flood of information technology has pushed English further into the forefront. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world’s computers is in English. The media uses English as a language of communication. All international transaction of information is done in English. So, English is very important as an international language. English is a versatile language that has adopted and assimilated freely from other languages. It cannot be denied that English is a language of many nations. More than anything else, it is a language that knows no frontiers. People in different countries and environments have evolved their own idioms, making it more colourful, varied and acceptable. Therefore, it is, imperative that all of us should acquire the functional knowledge of English. THE NECESSITY OF LEARNING ENGLISH English is an international language. It is essential for international communication. If we want to communicate with other countries of the world, we must know English. If we want to get a good job, we must know English. So, the importance of learning English is immense. Learning English offers us opportunities to get jobs both at home and abroad. English is the official and state language in many countries of the world. At present it has become the main media of communication. Now people knowing English are considered for a job on a priority basis. There are some good jobs like those of a pilot, a navigator, an army officer etc. for which one must be well—conversant with the knowledge of English. Again if anybody wishes to get a job in a foreign office or in a big hotel or in the airport, he or she must know English well. Even a mechanic or a repairman must have some knowledge of English to read the repair handbook or repair manuals. Some professionals like diplomats, doctors, postmen, lawyers, journalists and even telephone operators cannot do without English. So, it is evident that getting a good job now largely depends on the knowledge of English. For receiving higher education, learning English is indispensable. At higher levels, almost all the books of science and technology are written in English. In fact, if anybody wants to get higher education in science and technology or any other subject in a foreign university, he needs the knowledge of English. Moreover, English literature is the most enriched literature in the world and the tradition of literature can be grasped only after acquiring mastery over English and going through the classic English literary works. As an international language, it is the only language that is widely used and accepted as the medium of international communication. So the learning of English is a must. From the above discussion it is clear that the necessity of learning English can hardly be exaggerated. So, the government should introduce this language in all classes of educational institutions. English should be given the importance, it deserves. THE IMPORTANCE OF EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES Student life is the prime time of building a man. At this stage we mostly spend time in our school. In our country most of the schools give emphasis only on studies ignoring the impact of extra curricular activities on a student. For a student, it is not the only aim to be studious. A student must be brought up in a natural, spontaneous way and extra curricular activities play a significant role in this regard. A modern school provides the students with different facilities of extra-curricular activities. There are facilities of a number of recreational clubs. Among these, debate club, musical club are remarkable. Every week the students practise debating among themselves. Sometimes they arrange debate competition between classes & between schools. The recreational clubs also arrange musical programme, drama etc. Besides they regularly participate in different indoor and outdoor games. In most of the schools there are some other extra-curricular activities clubs, such as B.N.C.C, Girl’s Guide, Bangladesh Red Crescent Society. Most of the students in a school join in all these clubs and can learn many other things which they don’t get in their text books. These activities go simultaneously with their regular academic studies. As a result, they do not feel bored in their studies, rather they feel quite enthusiastic in their mind to perform all the activities in a successful and effective way. Indeed, these extra-curricular activities help the students immensely to be a complete man. EDUCATION IS THE BACKBONE OF A NATION No nation can prosper without the light of education. Any development of a nation cannot be expected without an educated population. The concept of education is much more significant than mere literacy. Education means the enrichment of head, hand and heart of a human being in a harmonious way. Education performs all- over development of a nation. It awakens the latent faculties o ' f people. An educated man knows how to become a good citizen of the country. He knows how to deal with others. Education makes a man perfect and dignified. An educated man has the qualities of kindness, good manners as well as vast knowledge and creativeness. His feelings are aroused at the suffering of a human being. Education can bring spiritual enlightment. It ennobles the soul. Educated people can enormously contribute to raise the standard of living. Thus an educated person is an assert to the nation. Student life is the best time to educate oneself -properly. An educated man cannot resort to corruption. An educated person cannot deceive others. He comes out of the narrowness of mind. He can perform a task in the right manner. So education is a pre­condition of building up a nation. Uneducated people are always liabilities to a nation. Therefore, education is essential for every human being. Each and everyone has to realise the truth. Students should be aware of their responsibilities. Otherwise, there will be no hope for the nation. PREVENTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Our total environment influences our life and our way of living. The main elements of human environment are men, animals, plants, soil, air, and water. There are relationships among these elements. These relationships are disturbed because of pollution and then life becomes difficult or impossible. Any abnormal change in chemical, physical and biological characteristics of environment is called pollution. The bio-sphere and the ecosystem are self-sustaining. Nature maintains a balance in land, water, air and all the living organisms in this world. Any imbalance therein causes a chain reaction leading to environment pollution. Today our environment is polluted in many ways. Among them air pollution, water pollution, sound pollution are awfully threatening to the mankind. Environment pollution is much more pronounced in large industrial belts. Steps must be taken to control the haphazard growth of industries. As the exhaust of automobiles is one of the major reasons of environment pollution, we must take effective steps to control it. The best way to prevent pollution is to plant trees and to take care of them. The wild life must be preserved and the mass massacre of trees must be prevented. To fight the pollution of water sewage treatment plants must be built. We have to pass strict laws to take effective steps against the misuse of microphones to cease sound pollution. People must be made aware of the dangers of sound pollution and everyone must cultivate the virtues of quietness in domestic as well as public life. Above all we must make peace with nature.